Pritzker Architecture Prize

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Pritzker Architecture Prize
File:Medal of Pritzker Architecture Prize (front).gif
Medal of the Pritzker Architecture Prize
Awarded for A career of achievement in the art of architecture.
Sponsor Hyatt Foundation
Reward US $100,000
First awarded 1979
Last awarded 2016
Official website www.pritzkerprize.com

The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually "to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture."[1] Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife Cindy, the award is funded by the Pritzker family and sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation and is considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes;[2] it is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of architecture.[3][4][5] The most recent winner, in 2016, is the Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena.

The prize is said to be awarded "irrespective of nationality, race, creed, or ideology."[6] The recipients receive US$100,000, a citation certificate, and since 1987, a bronze medallion.[7] The designs on the medal are inspired by the work of architect Louis Sullivan, while the Latin inspired inscription on the reverse of the medallion—firmitas, utilitas, venustas (English: firmness, commodity and delight)—is from Ancient Roman architect Vitruvius.[8] Before 1987, a limited edition Henry Moore sculpture accompanied the monetary prize.[7]

The Executive Director of the prize, Martha Thorne,[9] solicits nominations from a range of people, including past Laureates, academics, critics and others "with expertise and interest in the field of architecture".[6] Any licensed architect can also make a personal application for the prize before 1 November every year. In 1988 Gordon Bunshaft nominated himself for the award and eventually won it.[10] The jury, each year consisting of five to nine "experts ... recognized professionals in their own fields of architecture, business, education, publishing, and culture", deliberate early the following year before announcing the winner in spring.[6] As of 2015, the prize Chair is the Lord Palumbo (and has been since 2005); earlier chairs were J. Carter Brown (1979–2002), and the Lord Rothschild (2003–04).[11]

Controversy

In 2013, "Women in Design", a student organization at the Harvard Graduate School of Design started a petition on behalf of Denise Scott Brown to receive joint recognition with her partner, past prize winner Robert Venturi, furthering a debate about sexism in architecture. The petition, according to The New York Times has "reignited long-simmering tensions in the architectural world over whether women have been consistently denied the standing they deserve in a field whose most prestigious award was not given to a woman until 2004, when Zaha Hadid won."[12] Although the petition received international support of several past recipients, the jury said that it cannot revisit the work of past juries, in order to acknowledge the work of Scott Brown and Lu Wenyu, both women and equal partners to their spouses Venturi and Wang Shu, who won in 1991 and 2012 respectively.[13] Scott Brown told CNN that "as a woman, she had felt excluded by the elite of architecture throughout her career," and that "the Pritzker Prize was based on the fallacy that great architecture was the work of a 'single lone male genius' at the expense of collaborative work."[14]

Laureates

Inaugural winner Philip Johnson was cited "for 50 years of imagination and vitality embodied in a myriad of museums, theaters, libraries, houses, gardens and corporate structures".[15] The 2004 laureate Zaha Hadid was the first female prize winner.[16] Ryue Nishizawa became the youngest winner in 2010 at age 44.[17] The 32nd prize winners, Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa, were cited for "architecture that is simultaneously delicate and powerful, precise and fluid, ingenious but not overly or overtly clever".[18] The most recent winner, in 2016, is the Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena[19][20]

No. Year Laureate Nationality Photo Example work (year completed) Ceremony location Ref.
1 1979 Philip Johnson United States The inaugural laureate Philip Johnson behind an architectural model Glass House 2006.jpg Glass House (1949) Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC [21]
2 1980 Luis Barragán Mexico – Torres satelite.jpg Torres de Satélite (1957) Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC [5]
3 1981 James Stirling United Kingdom James Stirling 01.jpg History Faculty University of Cambridge.jpg Seeley Historical Library (1968) National Building Museum, Washington DC [22]
4 1982 Kevin Roche United States – Knights of Columbus headquarters.jpg Knights of Columbus Building (1969) Art Institute of Chicago [3][A]
5 1983 Ieoh Ming Pei United States I.M. Pei.JPG National gallery of art usa2.jpg National Gallery of Art, East Building (1978) Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City [23][B]
6 1984 Richard Meier United States Richard Meier at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival.jpg 10 The High.jpg High Museum of Art (1983) National Gallery of Art, Washington DC [3]
7 1985 Hans Hollein Austria Hans Hollein, Architect, Designer.jpg Mönchengladbach museum mit skulpturengarten.jpg Abteiberg Museum (1982) The Huntington Library, San Marino, California [3]
8 1986 Gottfried Böhm Germany (West Germany) Böhm-2.jpg Koeln christi auferstehung boehm.jpg Christi Auferstehung, Cologne (1968) Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, London [3]
9 1987 Kenzō Tange Japan Kenzo Tange 1981.jpg 20030702 2 July 2003 Tokyo Cathedorale 1 Tange Kenzou Sekiguchi Tokyo Japan.jpg St. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo (1964) Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas [24]
10 1988 Gordon Bunshaft (shared prize) United States – Yale-beinecke-library.jpg Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (1963) Art Institute of Chicago [3][25]
10 1988 Oscar Niemeyer (shared prize) Brazil Oscarniemeyer.jpg Cathedral Brasilia Niemeyer.JPG Cathedral of Brasília (1958) Art Institute of Chicago [3][25]
11 1989 Frank Gehry Canada
United States		 Turner 07 FGLecture.JPG Image-Disney Concert Hall by Carol Highsmith edit.jpg Walt Disney Concert Hall (1999–2003) Tōdai-ji, Nara, Japan [23][C]
12 1990 Aldo Rossi Italy — Bonnefantenmuseum.jpg Bonnefanten Museum (1990) Palazzo Grassi, Venice [26]
13 1991 Robert Venturi United States Robert Venturi 2008 Rome.jpg National Gallery London Sainsbury Wing 2006-04-17.jpg National Gallery, Sainsbury Wing (1991) Palace of Iturbide, Mexico City [27]
14 1992 Álvaro Siza Vieira Portugal Siza Vieira.jpg Pavilhao Portugal 2.JPG Pavilion of Portugal in Expo'98 (1998) Harold Washington Library, Chicago [28]
15 1993 Fumihiko Maki Japan Fumihiko Maki 2010.jpg Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium 2008.jpg Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (1991) Prague Castle [24]
16 1994 Christian de Portzamparc France - Französische botschaft in berlin.JPG French Embassy, Berlin (2003) The Commons, Columbus, Indiana [29]
17 1995 Tadao Ando Japan Tadao Ando 2004.jpg Church of Light.JPG Church of the Light (1989) Palace of Versailles [30]
18 1996 Rafael Moneo Spain Rafael Moneo.jpg San Sebastian Palacio Kursaal.JPG Kursaal Palace (1999) Getty Center, Los Angeles [23]
19 1997 Sverre Fehn Norway – Isbremuseet.jpg Norwegian Glacier Museum (1991) Guggenheim Museum Bilbao [31]
20 1998 Renzo Piano Italy Renzo Piano cropped.jpg Kansai International Airport Control Tower.JPG Kansai International Airport (1994) White House, Washington DC [32]
21 1999 Norman Foster United Kingdom 1999 winner Norman Foster, giving a speech behind a lecturn Mill.bridge.from.tate.modern.arp.jpg Millennium Bridge (London) (2000) Altes Museum, Berlin [23]
22 2000 Rem Koolhaas Netherlands Rem Koolhaas.jpg CasadaMusica.jpg Casa da Música, Porto (2003) Jerusalem Archaeological Park [33]
23 2001 Herzog & de Meuron Switzerland – Tate modern london 2001 02.jpg Tate Modern (2000) Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia [34]
24 2002 Glenn Murcutt Australia 27-11-04 Murcutt y yo 022.jpg Berowra Waters Inn.jpg Berowra Waters Inn (1983) Campidoglio, Rome [35]
25 2003 Jørn Utzon Denmark – Sydney opera house side view.jpg Sydney Opera House (1973) Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, Madrid [36]
26 2004 Zaha Hadid Iraq
United Kingdom		 Zaha hadid - Flickr - Knight Foundation.jpg Pabellón-Puente Zaragoza.jpg Bridge Pavilion (2008) Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg [23][D]
27 2005 Thom Mayne United States – San Francisco Federal Building.jpg San Francisco Federal Building (2007) Pritzker Pavilion, Chicago [37]
28 2006 Paulo Mendes da Rocha Brazil Paulo Mendes Da Rocha-Arquisur 2009.jpg Paulo mendes da rocha - capela de são pedro apóstolo - campos do jordão - são paulo - brasil.jpg Saint Peter Chapel, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo (1987) Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul [38]
29 2007 Richard Rogers United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II with Richard Rogers and Sue Essex.jpg Lloyds Building stair case.jpg Lloyd's building (1986) Banqueting House, Whitehall, London [39][E]
30 2008 Jean Nouvel France Jean Nouvel 2009 Vienna.jpg Torre Agbar and Glories.jpg Torre Agbar (2005) Library of Congress, Washington DC [23][40]
31 2009 Peter Zumthor Switzerland – Therme Vals wall structure, Vals, Graubünden, Switzerland - 20060811.jpg Therme Vals (1996) Legislative Palace of the City Council, Buenos Aires [23][41]
32 2010 Kazuyo Sejima and
Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA)		 Japan Kazuyo Sejima mg 4973-small.jpg Kanazawa21seikibijutsukan.jpg 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa (2003) Ellis Island, New York City
33 2011 Eduardo Souto de Moura Portugal Eduardo Souto de Moura.jpg Estadio Braga.JPG Estádio Municipal de Braga, Braga (2004) Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium, Washington DC [42]
34 2012 Wang Shu China Wang-Shu Taipei.jpg North facet of NBM.JPG Ningbo Museum, Ningbo (2008) Great Hall of the People, Beijing [43]
35 2013 Toyo Ito Japan Toyo Ito 2009.jpg Sendai Mediatheque 2009.jpg Sendai Mediatheque, Sendai (2001) John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston [44]
36 2014 Shigeru Ban Japan Centre Pompidou-Metz - Pose de la première pierre -2.jpg 100px Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz (2010) Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam [45]
37 2015 Frei Otto Germany 2014 Olympiastadion Munich.jpg Olympic Stadium, Munich (1972) New World Center, Miami [19][20]
38 2016 Alejandro Aravena Chile United Nations Headquarters, New York City [46][47]

Table notes

A. a Roche was born in Ireland.[48]
B. b Pei was born in China.[49]
C. c Gehry was born in Canada.[50]
D. d Hadid was born in Iraq.[51]
E. e Rogers was born in Italy.[52]

See also

References

General

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Specific

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  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Pritzker Prize for Frei Otto, German Architect, Announced After His Death, Robin Pogrebin, The New York Times, March 10, 2015
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  44. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  45. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  46. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  47. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  48. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  49. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  50. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  51. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  52. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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