SAKO

This article is about the Finnish firearm manufacturer. For other uses, see Sako (disambiguation).

SAKO, Limited

File:Sako.png
Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Defense
Founded	1921
Headquarters	Riihimäki, Finland
Products	Firearms, weapon
Revenue	unknown
Parent	Beretta Holding
Website	www.sako.fi

SAKO, Limited (Suojeluskuntain Ase- ja Konepaja Oy, Civil Guard Gun- and Machiningworks Ltd) is a Finnish firearm manufacturer located in Riihimäki. It is now owned by the Italian firearms holding company Beretta Holding.

Origins

In 1919, a year after Finland declared independence from the Russian Empire, the Suojeluskuntain Yliesikunnan Asepaja (Civil Guard Supreme Staff Gun Works) opened in a former Helsinki brewery to repair private arms and recondition Russian military rifles for Finnish service. The rifle repair shop became financially independent of the civil guard in 1921. The Suojeluskuntain Yliesikunnan Asepaja moved from Helsinki to an ammunition factory in Riihimäki on 1 June 1927 and reorganized as SAKO in the 1930s. Sako started exporting pistol cartridges to Sweden in the 1930s and continued manufacturing submachinegun cartridges through World War II. The firearms manufacturer Tikkakoski, which owned the Tikka brand, was merged into SAKO in 1983. The Valtion Kivääritehdas (VKT) opened at Tourula, Jyväskylä in 1925 had become a part of Valmet in the 1950s and in 1987, the state-owned Valmet and SAKO fused into SAKO-VALMET, with ownership split evenly between Nokia and Valmet. After several organizational shifts in state ownership, the SAKO name remained for the privately owned gun- and cartridge-producing company located in the cities of Riihimäki and Jyväskylä (former Valmet factory in Tourula, which was later closed). The company now is owned by Beretta Holdings.

Post-World War II production

The first civilian rifle bearing the Sako name was the L42 (Luodikko [rifle] model 1942) chambered for the 7×33mm Sako cartridge, prototyped in 1942, and commercial production started after World War II. Sako developed the 7×33mm cartridge based on the 9×19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge, by making a longer case and "necking" the case down to 7 mm calibre (7.21 mm bullet diameter). This cartridge was designed for and well suited to capercaille and black grouse hunting, a popular sport in Finland, Sweden and Norway. The L46 was later denoted L461 "Vixen". The L461 has been very popular in Finland and Sweden, especially chambered for the .222 Remington cartridge and has an almost-mythical status among aficionados.

In 1957, Sako launched a longer action, the L57, subsequently renamed L579 "Forester". This is a "medium action" intended for the .308 Winchester and similar cartridges.

In 1961, Sako introduced the L61R "Finnbear" for the long cartridges like the .30-06, 6.5×55mm and similar.

For a short while, Sako produced a lever-action gun, the Sako Finnwolf, in .243 Winchester and .308 Winchester.

Sako has also produced a number of rimfire rifles, among those are the P72 Finnscout, the M78,the Finnfire and the Quad. The M78 was also chambered for the .22 Hornet and the .22 WMR in addition to the .22 LR.

During the 1980s (1987), Sako started using the AI/AII/AV designations (previously used for models imported to the US) for the three action lengths in Europe. The complete rifles were still designated L461/L579/L61. The bolt was given a slight cosmetic makeover, with the hammer covered by a conical shell. This visual design was also used on the later models (M4/5/691, M75, M85).

The L579 could be delivered with detachable magazine although the default was a hinged floorplate.

From 1987 to 1992 a version of the short (Vixen) action was produced for the .22 PPC and 6mm PPC cartridges, when Sako introduced these former wildcat cartridges as commercial cartridges, denoted ".22 PPC USA" and "6mm PPC USA" to avoid confusion with the specialized bench rest cartridges which required a "tight neck" chamber. These actions are the same external dimensions, and have the same bolt diameter as the 222 Remington, 222 Rem. Magnum, 223 Rem. cartridge actions. Only the bolt face recess was enlarged to suit the PPC case.

In 1992, the first of the "newer" Sakos, the 591, was introduced as a replacement for the L579. Shortly after, the 491 and the 691 were launched. These rifles (491/591/691) are not as highly regarded as the L461/L579/L61R and according to folklore, the quality of the workmanship is slightly inferior for the 491/591/691. They featured a separate recoil lug, also found on the 75, and a Tikka trigger assembly. However, these rifles were available in left-hand configuration both as a medium action (591) and long action (691)

In 1997, Sako launched the M75, named for Sako's 75th anniversary. The 75 was externally similar to previous Sako models, but the construction was radically different featuring three symmetrical locking lugs and a detachable magazine.

Before the 75, Sako hunting rifles (except the L46 and the L579) did not have detachable magazines, but a hinged floorplate with the lock placed on the front of the trigger guard.

Sako's latest (and current) model, the M85, was introduced in 2006.

Current production

Sako 85 centerfire rifle. This is a premium hunting rifle available in many configurations and calibers from 204 Ruger through 416 Rem Mag.

Sako Quad rimfire rifle. This rifle is available in a variety of configurations and has interchangeable barrels in calibers .17HM2, .17HMR, .22 Long Rifle, and .22 WMR.

Sako TRG centerfire rifle. This is a long-range sniper rifle geared toward law enforcement and military use.

Sako A7 centerfire rifle. This is Sako's mid-price-range hunting rifle, filling the gap between their premium line of Sako 85 hunting rifles, and their value line of Tikka T3 hunting rifles. The A7 combines different features from the Sako 85 and the Tikka T3, along with a unique in-line detachable magazine design, and is currently (2010) available only with a synthetic stock, in combination with either a blued chromoly or stainless steel barrelled action.

Sako model history (Europe)

Introduced	Model	Chambered for	Comments
1942	L42	7×33mm Sako
1946	L46	5.6×35mmR, .22 Hornet, .218 Bee, .222 Rem, .222 Rem Mag, .25-20 Win, 7×33mm Sako, .32-20 Win	Detachable magazine
1954?	P54/P54T	.22LR
195?	M98	.270 Win, .30-06, .300 H&H, 8×60mm, 9.3×62mm, .375 H&H, ?	FN M98 action, Sako stock and barrel
1957	L57	.243 Win, .244 Rem, .308 Win	Fixed magazine
1959	L579 Forester	.22-250, .243 Win, .308 Win	Fixed magazine, later in production detachable as option
1961	L461 Vixen	.17 Rem, .222 Rem, .222 Rem Mag, .223 Rem, 7×33mm Sako?	Fixed magazine
1961	L61R Finnbear	.264 Win, .270 Win, 30-06	Three locking lugs: Two in front and one on the rear end of the bolt
1961	L61R Finnbear Magnum	7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .300 H&H, .338 Win Mag, .375 H&H	Three locking lugs: Two in front and one on the rear end of the bolt
1963	VL63 Finnwolf	.243 Win, .244 Rem, .308 Win, .358 Win	Lever-action
1972	L61R Finnbear	.25-06 Rem, 6.5×55mm, .270 Win, 7×64mm, .30-06, 9.3×62mm	Two locking lugs in front
1972	L61R Finnbear Magnum	7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .338 Win Mag, .375 H&H	Two locking lugs in front
1972	P72 Finnscout	.22LR, .22 WMR
1974?	Sako M74 Super	.222 Rem, .223 Rem, .22-250, .243 Win, .308 Win, .25-06, .270 Win, .30-06, .264 Mag, 7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .300 H&H, .338 Win Mag, .375 H&H
1975	P75	.22 Hornet
1978	M78 Finnscout	.22 LR, .22 WMR, .22 Hornet
1979/80	AI/L461	.17 Rem, .222 Rem, .223 Rem	Also available as single-shot action
1987	AI/L461 PPC	.22 PPC USA, 6mm PPC USA	Also available as single-shot action
1979/80	AII/L579	.22-250 Rem, .243 Win, 7mm-08, .308 Win	Also available as single-shot action
1979/80	AIII		early version of the AV, short tang
1979/80	AIV
1979/80	AV/L61R	.25-06 Rem, 6.5×55, .270 Win, 7×64, .30-06, 9.3×62mm	Long tang
1979/80	AV Mag/L61R Magnum	7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .300 Wby, .338 Win Mag, .375 H&H, .416 Rem Mag	.458 Win Mag has been produced on special order
1982?	VL63 Finnwolf Sako Collectors Association	.243 Win, .308 Win	Lever-action
1988	M579 SM (Super Match)	.308 Win
1989	TRG-21	.308 Win	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1989	TRG-41	.300 Win Mag?, .338 Lapua Mag	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1992	M591 Left hand	.22-250, .243 Win, 7mm-08 Rem, .308 Win
1993	S491	.17 Rem, .222 Rem, .223 Rem, .22 PPC USA, 6mm PPC USA
1993	M591	.22-250, .243 Win, 7mm-08 Rem, .308 Wiän
1993	L691	.25-06, 6.5×55mm, .270 Win, 7×64, .280 Rem, .30-06, 9.3×62mm
1993	L691 Mag	.270 Wby, 7mm Rem Mag, 7mm Wby, .300 Win Mag, .300 Wby, .338 Win Mag, .340 Wby, .375 H&H, .416 Rem Mag
1995?	M995 TRG-S	.25-06, 6.5×55mm, .270 Win, .280 Rem, 7×64mm, .308 Win, .30-06, 9.3×62mm	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1995?	M995 TRG-S Magnum	.270 Wby, 7mm Rem Mag, 7mm Wby, 7mm STW, 7.21mm Firebird, .300 Win Mag, .300 Wby, 7.82mm Warbird, .30-378 Wby, .338 Win Mag, .340 Wby, .338 Lapua Mag, .375 H&H, .416 Rem Mag	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 I	.222 Rem, .223 Rem	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 II	.22 PPC USA, 6mm PPC USA	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 III	.22-250, .243 Win, .260 Rem, 7mm-08 Rem, .308 Win	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 SM	.270 WSM, .300WSM	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 IV	.25-06, 6.5×55mm, .270 Win, 7×64mm, .30-06, 9.3×62, 9.3×66mm Sako	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1997	Sako M75 V	7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .375 H&H, .416 Rem Mag	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1999	TRG-22	.260 Rem (as of 2011), .308 Win	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
1999	TRG-42	.300 Win Mag, .338 Lapua Mag	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2001	Sako M75 V Safari anniversary model	.375 H&H	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2001	Sako Finnfire P94S	.22LR
2006?	Sako Quad	.17 Mach 2, .17 HMR, .22LR, .22 WMR	Interchangeable barrels
2006	Sako M85 XS	.204 Ruger, .222 Remington, .223 Remington	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2006	Sako M85 S	.22-250, .243 Win, .260 Rem, 7mm-08 Rem, .308 Win, .338 Federal	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2006	Sako M85 SM	.270 WSM, 7mm WSM, .300 WSM	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2006	Sako M85 M	.25-06, 6.5×55mm, .270 Win, 7×64mm, .30-06, 9.3×62mm, 9.3×66mm Sako	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2006	Sako M85 L	7mm Rem Mag, .300 Win Mag, .338 Win Mag, .375 H&H Mag	Three locking lugs in front, detachable magazine
2011	Sako TRG M10	.308 Win, .300 Win Mag, .338 Lapua Mag	User configurable multi caliber modular sniper system
2014	Sako Finnfire II	.17 HMR, .22LR

Models

Models A-series actions

	L461/AI	L461/AI PPC	L579/AII	L61R/AV	L61R Mag/AV Mag
Hunter	X	X	X	X	X
Deluxe	X		X	X	X
Super Deluxe	X		X	X	X
Laminated	X		X	X	X
Varmint	X	X	X
Target	X	X	X
Carbine			X	X	X
Handy			X	X
Handy Fiber				X
Battue			X	X	X
Classic			X	X	X
Fiberclass				X	X
Safari					X

Models 4/5/691 series actions

Hunter, Deluxe, Super Deluxe, Laminated, Varmint, Carbine, Classic

File:Sako Rifle 25-06.jpg

Sako Rifle in .25-06

Models M75 series actions

	I (Short)	III (Medium)	SM (Short magnum)	IV (Long)	V (Magnum)
Hunter	X	X	X	X	X
Hunter Stainless	X	X		X	X
Hunter left hand				X
Laminated stainless	X	X	X	X	X
Deluxe	X	X	X	X	X
Synthetic stainless		X	X	X	X
Finnlight		X	X	X	X
Varmint	X	X		X
Varmint Laminated Stainless	X	X

File:Sako Finnlight Rifle 243.jpg

Sako Finnlight in .243 Winchester

Models M85 series actions

Hunter, Laminated Stainless, Synthetic Stainless, Finnlight, Bavarian, Bavarian Carbine, Varmint, Brown Bear, Black Bear, Kodiak, Grizzly, Long Range

External links

• SAKO corporate website
• SAKO USA division
• TIKKA brand website
• TIKKA brand Canadian mirror
• Sako A7 website
• Modern Firearms
• Gunwriters' M95 Assault Rifle
• 50 Years of Sako