Timeline of early Islamic history
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. This is a timeline of the early history of Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad (610–632). A separate list of military expeditions and battles is at List of expeditions of Muhammad.
No. | Record, milestone or achievement | Date | Noteworthy facts | Notable primary sources |
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1 | Muhammad's first revelation: Quran 96:1–5[5][6][7][8] | 610 [5][6][7][8] |
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2 | First Muslim convert: Khadija [9] | 610 [9] |
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3 | First Male Muslim convert: Ali Ibn Abi Talib [1] | 610 [1] |
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4 | First Public Dawah [11] | 613 [3][11][12] |
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5 | First Muslim Martyr/first Muslim to be killed: Sumayyah bint Khabbab | 615 [2][3] |
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6 | First Muslim to be tortured: Bilal ibn Ribah | 615 |
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7 | First migration to another country: Ethiopia | 615[2][3] |
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8 | First Muslim Ambassador and Envoy: Mus`ab ibn `Umair | September 621 [22][23] |
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9 | First Muslim Muezzin: Bilal ibn Ribah [25][26] | 622 [27] |
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10 | First treaty/pledge of war made amongst Muslims: Second pledge at al-Aqabah | 622 [30] |
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11 |
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623 [37] |
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12 | First Muslim to take part in actual fighting in the name of Islam: Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas [40][44] | 623 |
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13 | First peace treaty: Banu Darhma peace treaty | August 623 [46][47] |
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14 |
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January 624[52] |
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15 | First assassination carried out by Muslims: Asma bint Marwan or Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf | January 624 [58] |
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16 | First assassination carried out by Muslims: Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf [62][63] | September 624 [62][63] |
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17 | First person(s) to be beheaded and executed by Muslims: Nadr ibn al-Harith and Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt | March 624 [4] |
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18 | First Siege carried out by Muslims: Invasion of Banu Qaynuqa | February 624 [65] |
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19 |
First person to try and assassinate Muhammad: Ghwarath ibn al-Harith during the Invasion of Dhi Amr |
September 624 [78][79] |
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20 | First defensive military campaign: Battle of Uhud [36] | March 625 [83][84] |
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21 | First Muslim missionaries to be killed: Asim ibn Thabit, Khubyab bin Adi and Zayd bin al-Dathinnah during the Expedition of Al Raji | 625 [89] |
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22 | First Massacre of Muslims: Expedition of Bir Maona [96] | July 625 [97] |
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23 | First massacre carried out by Muslims: Invasion of Banu Qurayza | February–March 627 [101] |
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24 | First woman captured by Muhammad as war booty: Rayhana [117][118] | March 627 [101] |
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25 | First Muslim treasurer: Bilal ibn Ribah [25] | 630 [121] |
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See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Watt, Muhammad in Mecca, p. 80, ISBN 0887067077
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 An Introduction to the Quran (1895), p. 185
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar (Free Version), p. 129
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Brown (2003), pp. 72–73
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Sell (1913), p. 29.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Quran 96:1–5
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Watt 1953, p. 86
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Ramadan (2007), p. 37–9
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Watt, The Cambridge History of Islam (1977), p. 36.
- ↑ Jonathan E. Brockopp, Slaves and Slavery, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an
- ↑ W. Arafat, Bilal b. Rabah, Encyclopedia of Islam
- ↑ Watt (1964) p. 76.
- ↑ Peters (1999) p. 172.
- ↑ Alfred Guillaume "The Life of Muhammad: A translation of Ishaq's [sic] Sirat Rasul Allah" Oxford 1955 ISBN 0-19-636033-1, 2003 reprint used - page 145
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Janneh, Sabarr. Learning from the Life of Prophet Muhammad: Peace and Blessing of God Be upon Him. Milton Keynes: AuthorHouse, 2010. Print. ISBN 1467899666 Pgs. 235-238
- ↑ Watt, Muhammad in Mecca, p. 85, ISBN 0887067077
- ↑ Watt, Muhammad in Mecca, p. 98, ISBN 0887067077
- ↑ Muḥammad, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by P. J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs et al. Brill Online, 2014
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Note: Author says it happened before the Second pledge at al-Aqabah which happened in 622. Therefore this event happened in 621 Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "Musab_as_a_first_envoy" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 24.0 24.1 Tabari, The History of al-Tabari Vol. 6: Muhammad at Mecca, p. 127, SUNY Press, ISBN 1438423403
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Syed Razwy, Khadija-tul-Kubra (the Wife of the Prophet Muhammed) May Allah be Pleased ..., p. 77, TTQ, INC., 1990, ISBN 0940368935
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Notes: Source says Bilal was appointed after Muhammad migrated to Medina, that is the year 622
- ↑ A. Adu Boahen, Alvin M. Josephy, The Horizon history of Africa, Volume 1, p. 151, University of Michigan
- ↑ Tabari, The History of al-Tabari Vol. 39: Biographies of the Prophet's Companions ..., p. 371, SUNY Press, ISBN 1438409982
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.. Note: This is the free version available on Google Books
- ↑ Watt (1974) p. 83
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Watt, Muhammad in Mecca, p. 138, ISBN 0887067077. Quote: "the second al-'Aqabah took the pledge of war"
- ↑ Shawqī Abū Khalīl, Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah, p.85, Darussalam (2004), ISBN 9960897710. Quote: "The second Pledge of Al-'Aqabah (the pledge of war) was: "Blood is blood and blood not to be paid for is blood not to be paid for. I am of you and you are of me. I will war against them that war against you, and be at peace with those at peace with you""
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 Ibn Hisham, as-Seerat an-Nabawiyyah, Vol. I p. 454
- ↑ Antonie Wessels, A Modern Arabic Biography of Muḥammad: A Critical Study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn, p. 153,Brill Archive, 1972
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available here
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar (Free Version), p. 127. Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "Mubarakpuri.2C_The_Sealed_Nectar_p._127" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 38.0 38.1 Mubarakpuri, When the Moon Split, p. 147.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 345.
- ↑ Witness Pioneer "Pre-Badr Missions and Invasions"
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 ʻAbd al-Malik Ibn Hishām, The life of Muhammad, Apostle of Allah, p. 95, Folio Society, 1964. Translated by Michael Edwardes. Quote: "Go forth against this caravan; it may be that Allah will grant you plunder." (archive)
- ↑ Rizwi Faizer, The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab Al-Maghazi, p. 12, ISBN 1136921141, Routledge, 2013
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Richard A. Gabriel, Muhammad, Islam's first great general, p. 73.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (free online)
- ↑ 52.0 52.1 Sir William Muir, The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam, to the Era of the Hegira ..., Volume 3, p. 72, Oxford University, Smith, Elder, 1861
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 2 (Part 2): Al-Baqarah 142 to Al-Baqarah 252 2nd Edition, p. 139, MSA Publication Limited, 2009, ISBN 1861796765. (online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Muhammad Ibn Abd-al-Wahhab, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 347.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. See footnote 1, page 247
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Asma bint Marwan, IslamQA.com, 24 July 2006. (archive)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 Uri Rubin, The Assassination of Kaʿb b. al-Ashraf, Oriens, Vol. 32. (1990), pp. 65-71.
- ↑ 63.0 63.1 63.2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp.151-153. (online)
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, The Meaning and Explanation of the Glorious Qur'an (Vol 3) 2nd Edition, p. 412, ISBN 1861797699, MSA Publication Limited, 2009. (online)
- ↑ Muhammad Siddique Qureshi (1989), Foreign policy of Hadrat Muhammad (SAW), Islamic Publications, p. 254.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp.149-150. (online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.(online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (free online)
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 181. (online)
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 292.
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , pp. 299-300.
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 296 (footnote 2).
- ↑ 89.0 89.1 89.2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 187. (online)
- ↑ 90.0 90.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (online)
- ↑ Kailtyn Chick, Kailtyn Chick, p. 338, Hamlet Book Publishing , 2013
- ↑ Rizwi Faizer, The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi, p. 174, Routledge, 2013, ISBN 1136921133
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 187-188. (online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Sir William Muir, The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam, to the Era of the Hegira ..., Volume 3, p. 205
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 98.0 98.1 98.2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 188. (online)
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 352.
- ↑ Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 352 (footnote 1).
- ↑ 101.0 101.1 101.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Peters, Muhammad and the Origins of Islam, p. 222-224.
- ↑ Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 137-141.
- ↑ 105.0 105.1 105.2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 201-205. (online)
- ↑ 106.0 106.1 106.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.(online)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 14-16.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Islam, section on "Muhammad"
- ↑ 110.0 110.1 Watt, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Section on "Kurayza, Banu". Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "Kurayza" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Sunan Abu Dawood, 14:2665
- ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:280
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.(online)
- ↑ Muhammad Husayn Haykal, The Life of Muhammad, p. 338.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 117.0 117.1 Rodinson, Muhammad: Prophet of Islam, p. 213.
- ↑ 118.0 118.1 Journal of Religion & Society, p. 1, Creighton University. (archive)
- ↑ *Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 121.0 121.1 Syed Razwy, Khadija-tul-Kubra (the Wife of the Prophet Muhammed) May Allah be Pleased ..., p. 77, TTQ, INC., 1990, ISBN 0940368935. Note: Source says he became a Muslim treasurer after Muhammad conquered the Arabian Peninsula. This was around 630
- ↑ Michael G. Morony, Manufacturing and Labour, p. 178, Ashgate (2003), ISBN 0860787079. Quote: "(Bilal ibn Rabah, a mawla of Abu Bakr was the Prophet's treasurer); al-Tabari, Ta'rikh, V, 560"