Toyota Soarer

Second generation
Second generation
	File:Toyota Soarer 20 001.JPG
Overview
Production	Jan 1986 – April 1991
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe (GZ20, MZ20); 2-door convertible (MZ20 Aerocabin);
Powertrain
Engine	2.0 L 1G-E I6; 2.0 L 1G-GE I6; 2.0 L 1G-FE I6; 2.0 L 1G-GTE I6 turbo; 3.0 L 7M-GTE I6 turbo;
Transmission	5-speed R154 manual (7M-GTE); 5-speed W57/W58 manual (1G-GE/GTE); 4-speed A340E automatic;
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,670 mm (105.1 in)
Length	4,675 mm (184.1 in)
Width	1,725 mm (67.9 in) (3.0L engine); 1,690 mm (66.5 in)
Height	1,335 mm (52.6 in)
Curb weight	1,510 kg (3,330 lb)

First generation
First generation
	File:TOYOTA SOARER GZ10.jpg
Overview
Production	1981–1985
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe
Powertrain
Engine	2.0 L 1G-EU I6; 2.0 L 1G-GEU I6; 2.0 L M-TEU I6; 2.8 L 5M-GEU I6; 3.0 L 6M-GEU I6;
Transmission	5-speed manual; 4-speed automatic;
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,660 mm (104.7 in)
Length	4,655 mm (183.3 in)
Width	1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height	1,360 mm (53.5 in)
Curb weight	1,310 kg (2,890 lb)

Toyota Soarer
Toyota Soarer
	File:Soarerbadge.jpg
Overview
Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1981–2005
Assembly	Motomachi, Japan; Susono, Shizuoka, Japan (Higashi-Fuji);
Layout	FR layout
Chronology
Successor	Lexus SC

The Toyota Soarer was a personal luxury GT coupé sold by Toyota in Japan from 1981 to 2005. In Japan, it was available at both Toyota Japan dealerships called Toyota Store and Toyopet Store, and it débuted with the Z10 series, replacing the Toyopet Store exclusive Mark II Coupe, and the Toyota Store exclusive Crown Coupe.

In 1986, the Z20 series was launched, based on the then new A70 Supra platform. In 1991, the third generation (Z30 series) Toyota Soarer premiered in Japan, while its Lexus equivalent, the SC 300/400 débuted in the US market.

While externally identical to the Lexus SC, the Z30 series Soarer lineup offered different powertrain specifications and multiple unique vehicle configurations. In 2001, Toyota introduced a convertible-only successor which appeared in Japan as the fourth generation (Z40 series) Toyota Soarer, and elsewhere as the Lexus SC 430. In contrast to previous series, the fourth generation Soarer and Lexus SC were based on a single model and were largely equivalent. In 2005, following the introduction of Lexus in Japan, the Soarer name and emblem were discontinued and the Z40 became the Lexus SC 430 in common with worldwide markets.

In its home market the Soarer was a competitor to the Nissan Leopard, and Mazda Cosmo coupes, and served as Toyota's "halo car", introducing new technologies before they were installed on other Toyota products. All versions of the Soarer featured a unique winged lion emblem (often mistakenly called a Griffin) as the logo throughout the vehicle.

Z10 series (1981–1985)

The Soarer made its first appearance at the 1980 Osaka International Motor Show with the name "EX-8", and the Z10 series Toyota Soarer was produced from February 1981 to December 1985, with 2.0L, 2.8L or 3.0L DOHC I-6 variants.

At its introduction in 1981, it won the Car of the Year Japan Award.

The first generation Soarer debuted with a rear-wheel drive configuration^[1] based on the A60 Supra. It boasted numerous technological items, such as touchscreen computer controlled air conditioning climate control (Electro Multi Vision Display, on all models excepting base models which featured standard fan/heater controls), digital speed and tachometer display using LED (that were differentiated between models), among other electronic features. Due to the compliance of Japanese external dimension and engine displacement regulations, the first generation models were classified as "compacts" which gave Japanese buyers tax saving advantages.

The suspension utilized MacPherson struts for the front, with trailing arm type IRS (independent rear suspension), labelled with Toyota's branding PEGASUS (Precision Engineered Geometrically Advanced SUSpension). The vehicle also came with self-diagnosis maintenance reminders.

There were a number of different engines available.

GZ10=1G-EU, 1G-GEU
MZ10=M-TEU
MZ11=5M-GEU
MZ12=6M-GEU

Early M-TEU powered MZ10s were different in some regards to later MZ10s. Some of the difference are listed below.

Later MZ10s had a water to air intercooler
Later MZ10s had an oil-and-water-cooled turbo (as opposed to the oil-cooled-only turbo in the early MZ10s)

The MZ12 was equipped with the following features:

ABS
Cruise Control
7 way adjustable (driver only) leather seats
First Toyota with Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension (TEMS) (1983)^[2]
Digital Automatic climate control
Audible Warning messages
Electro Multi Vision Display (CRT display),^[3] GT LTD Only

Z20 series (1986–1991)

The Z20 series Toyota Soarer was produced from January 1986 to April 1991, and was available in several variants. The styling of the second generation Soarer is similar of that of the X80 series Cressida, Mark II, Chaser and Cresta.^[1] The Soarer shared its platform with the newly introduced A70 series Supra.

The Z20 Soarer introduced a vehicle information display system with Electro Multi Vision and visual information cassettes.^[4]

In 1988, TOM'S released a limited model package named the C5. The 7M-GTE in the Tom's C5 Soarer saw the power upgrades similar to those seen in the Turbo-A Supra of the same year.

File:Toyota-SoarerAerocabin.jpg

Toyota Soarer AeroCabin

In April 1989 a limited 500 unit production of the Aerocabin version was also available. This came with only 2 seats and an electric folding roof. The Aerocabin came with the same specs as the GT-Limited and were only available with the 7M-GTE engine, 4sp automatic transmission, tan leather interior and pearl paint.

In 1988 Soarer Z20 got restyling -grill and rear taillights changed and minor interior changes (climate control, dash). Other than that engines were improved:

1G-GTEU 180 -> 157 kW (213 PS; 211 hp)
7M-GTEU 230 -> 179 kW (243 PS; 240 hp)

Unlike the A70, the Z20 did not pick up the 2.5L twin turbo 1JZ-GTE. However all models built from May 1989 including the Aerocabin did have a revised crossmember.

In 1986, Toyota Soarer introduced a world first electronically controlled (Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension), semi-active full air suspension (spring constant, variable attenuation force).^[2]

model code	chassis code	grade	year	engine	transmission	weight (kg)	turbo	notes
GZ20	HCMEE	2.0 VZ	1986.1-1987.12	1G-EU	W57 5-speed M/T	1300	N/A	87.1- +10 kg
	HCPEE				A42DL 4-speed A/T	1310
	HCMGE	2.0 VX	1986.1-1988.12		W57 5-speed M/T	1320			88.1- +20 kg
	HCPGE				A42DE 4-speed A/T	1330
	HCMGK		1989.1-1991.4	1G-FE	W57 5-speed M/T	1350		ESC
	HCPGK				A42DE 4-speed A/T	1360
	HCMVF	2.0 GT	1986.1-1991.4	1G-GEU	W55 5-speed M/T	1330		87.1- +10 kg, 88.1- +30 kg and ESC
	HCPVF				A42DE 4-speed A/T	1340			89.1- A340E 4-speed A/T
	HCMVZ	2.0 GT-TWIN TURBO		1G-GTE	W57 5-speed M/T	1400	Twin CT-12	87.1- +10 kg and ESC, 88.1- +20 kg	88.1- W58 5-speed M/T
	HCPVZ				A340E 4-speed A/T	1420
	HCMZZ	2.0 GT-TWIN TURBO L	1988.1-1991.4		W58 5-speed M/T	1430		ESC
	HCPZZ				A340E 4-speed A/T	1450
MZ20	HCMZZ	3.0 GT	1987.1-1991.4	7M-GTE	R154 5-speed M/T	1490	CT-26	87.1- +20 kg, 88.1-+ 20 kg, 89.1- +10 kg
	HCPVZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4-speed A/T	1470
	HJPVZ	3.0 GT AEROCABIN	1989.4		A340E 4-speed A/T	1610		Limited run of 500 units
	HCMZZ	3.0 GT LIMITED	1987.1-1991.4		R154 5-speed M/T	1520		87.1- +20 kg	88.1- +10 kg
	HCPZZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4-speed A/T	1500
MZ21	HCMZZ		1987.1-1991.4		R154 5-speed M/T	1520		Air suspension
	HCPZZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4-speed A/T	1520
ESC (optional) = +10 kg, Sunroof (optional on all models except the aerocabin)= +20 kg

Z30 series (1991–2000)

Third generation
File:Toyota Soarer 30 011.jpg
Overview
Production	1991-2000
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe
Powertrain
Engine	2.5 L 1JZ-GTE I6 turbo 3.0 L 2JZ-GE I6 4.0 L 1UZ-FE V8
Transmission	5-speed manual 4-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (105.9 in)
Length	4,860–4,890 mm (191.3–192.5 in)
Width	1,790–1,800 mm (70.5–70.9 in)
Height	1,330–1,350 mm (52.4–53.1 in)
Curb weight	1,540–1,730 kg (3,400–3,810 lb)

In 1987, following the design freeze of Lexus division's flagship UCF10 LS 400 (Celsior) sedan, due in 1989, Toyota commissioned its California design studio Calty to develop a new luxury coupe. In mid 1991, this vehicle debuted in the U.S. as the Lexus SC 300/400. That same year, Toyota debuted the third generation Z30 series Soarer in Japan, replacing the Z20 series. The Z30 series Soarer shared the body and key components with the Lexus SC, with different interior features, powertrain configurations, and enhanced performance.

The new Soarer continued some of the pioneering features of earlier models, such as digital dashboard instrumentation and integrated car systems control via the in-dash EMV touchscreen. It was also one of the first cars in the world to feature factory GPS automotive navigation system via CD-ROM. This generation Soarer was considered an expensive and extravagant luxury car in Japan. It was longer and wider than a Crown, while comfortably accommodating two passengers, with only modest space available for rear seat passengers. It did not comply with Japanese Government dimension regulations which made buyers liable for yearly taxes due to its size. The larger engines also obliged Japanese buyers to pay more annual road tax.

From launch in 1991 until 2000 all models were available with a 4-speed automatic transmission. In addition, the sportier JZZ30 Soarer could be had with a 5-speed manual transmission. All models were available with a Torsen torque-sensing differential. Unlike their US Lexus equivalents, the Z30-series Soarer lineup never received a 5-speed automatic, and only the six-cylinder versions received variable valve timing (VVTi) engines, in 1996. .

Styling-wise, the Soarer received only minor changes during its 9-year production run, mostly external. External changes were shared with the U.S Lexus models. Changes were:

Series 1, May 1991 - December 1993: original body and style.
Series 2, January 1994 - August 1996: tinted glass, new front bumper with one-piece lower grille, fog lights replace cornering lights, new tail lights.
Series 3, August 1996 - December 2000: new front bumper with upper grille, oval fog lights, new tail lights, longer rear bumper, standard side skirts, elevated rear spoiler, body stripe, 16" wheels.

Starting in 1997, the Soarer was used as a high speed patrol car in multiple Japanese prefectures, using the 2.5GT trim with a 5-speed manual transmission.^{[citation needed]}

Z30 series Soarer models

model	year	engine	power (kW)	torque (Nm)	turbo	transmissions	notes
JZZ30	1991-96	1JZ-GTE (2.5 L I6)	208 kW (283 PS; 279 hp)	363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft)	twin parallel	manual (R154), auto
	1997–2000	1JZ-GTE (2.5 L I6), VVT-i	220 kW (299 PS; 295 hp)	378 N⋅m (279 lb⋅ft)	single	manual (R154), auto
JZZ31	1994-96	2JZ-GE (3.0 L I6)	165 kW (224 PS; 221 hp)	285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC300
	1997–2000	2JZ-GE (3.0 L I6), VVT-i	169 kW (230 PS; 227 hp)	304 N⋅m (224 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC300
UZZ30	1991-93	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	196 kW (266 PS; 263 hp)	353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC400
UZZ31	1991-97	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	191/195	353/363	none	auto	airbag suspension, "EMV" TV/touchscreen system
UZZ32	1991-96	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	191/195	353/363	none	auto	active suspension, four-wheel steering, "EMV" TV/touchscreen system

JZZ30 Soarer

The JZZ30 was the only model sold continuously from the introduction of the 30 series in 1991 until production ceased in 2000. As the sportiest model in the range it was also the only one available with a R154 manual transmission. Like other models in the range there were two different equipment grades available, the base GT-T and the better-equipped GT-TL which added electric seats, wood trim, cruise control and Toyota's TEMS electronic damper adjustment to the list of standard features.

The JZZ30 was powered by the 2.5-litre 1JZ-GTE turbocharged engine. Initially featuring two identical small turbos running together (unlike the sequential twin turbo systems of the Supra and Mazda RX-7, for example), it officially produced 208 kW (283 PS; 279 hp) and 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. This was in keeping with the Japanese Manufacturers' advertised power limit agreement, however real-world power outputs were somewhat higher. In August 1996 the engine received Toyota's variable valve timing system (VVTi) and in conjunction with a single, more efficient turbocharger, produced much better high and mid-range torque (in fact, 378 N⋅m (279 lb⋅ft) at just 2400 rpm - see The Toyota JZ Engine Guide below) while still producing the "official" 206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp) of power and better fuel economy.

JZZ31 Soarer

While the Lexus SC300 was available from the start of the new series' US introduction in 1991, the equivalent Japan-market Soarer model — the JZZ31 — was not introduced until 1994, where it was marketed as the "new base model" Soarer. 1994 also saw the introduction of the new black interior colour scheme which replaced the grey colour scheme used in blue, red, and black external colour cars until the end of 1993. The JZZ31 was the only one of the two JZZ models to feature manually adjustable black leather seats. The black interior scheme became the prominent interior scheme for all Japanese Soarers by the end of production.

The JZZ31 was powered by the 3-litre 2JZ-GE engine, which initially produced 165 kW (224 PS; 221 hp) at 5800 rpm and 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. Like the JZZ30 the engine also received Toyota's VVTi system in 1997 which increased output to 169 kW (230 PS; 227 hp) at 6000 rpm and 304 N⋅m (224 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm while simultaneously improving fuel economy. While the SC300 in the US market became a popular Lexus for performance upgrades due to its shared engine with the MKIV (JZA80) Supra, the JZZ31 Soarer was somewhat overlooked since unlike the SC300 it was never offered in manual gearbox form and had neither the performance appeal of the turbocharged JZZ30 nor the luxury and equipment of the UZZ31/32 models.

However, while the increasing cost and slowing sales of the V8 models in the mid-late '90s led to their discontinuation, the 6 cylinder JZZ31 and JZZ30 would remain in production until the Z30 series was replaced by the Z40 series in 2001.

UZZ30 Soarer

The UZZ30 was introduced in Japan as the 'base' model of the V8 powered 30 series lineup. Fitted with the same 4.0-litre quad cam V8 as the UZZ31/32, it benefited in the performance stakes due to its considerably lighter weight. The UZZ30 used a standard Tokiko coilover suspension setup, basic stereo system, manual steering column, and very few electronic aids. While the UZZ31 and UZZ32 models had electrically adjusted heated leather seats with memory, those in the UZZ30 were upholstered in velour and had no heating or memory. The UZZ30 also came without sunroof or rear wiper. As the car was substantially lighter due to the exclusion of all the luxury 'fruit', it was a considered a driver's car, with good power, handling and braking^{[citation needed]}.

The UZZ30 series Soarer was used as the base vehicle for the Lexus SC400 (model code UZZ30) exported to the United States, although to satisfy U.S. tastes, a comprehensive range of luxury options was offered, including some features of the UZZ31, such as seat memory position, traction control, sunroof, sun visors with courtesy light and electronic steering position adjustment. Local Japanese Soarers had an electronic dashboard which used an integral mirror to display the instruments holographically. Although beautiful, this design was never offered on a USA spec model. Those cars came with a standard dash layout of round dials and lit needles similar to the LS400 Lexus sedan. Whereas the left hand drive version of UZZ30 was made throughout the entire 9 year production run, the right hand drive version was made from 1991 to 1993 only.

UZZ31 Soarer "Limited"

The UZZ31 and UZZ32 Soarers were the luxury GT versions of the range, with more features and equipment than the UZZ30 and the 6-cylinder models, and even the U.S market Lexus SC300/400. The EMV (Electro Multi Vision) touchscreen system which was pioneered in the Z10 and Z20 Soarers was again available and provided a screen with television, GPS navigation, diagnostics, car computer, reversing camera and touch control of all functions of the climate control and audio system. The latter was highly sophisticated, with balanced-signal digital signal processing, 12-disc CD stacker and 7-speakers with subwoofer.

All three V8 models were powered by Toyota's acclaimed 1UZ-FE quad-cam all-alloy 4-litre V8. While producing marginally less power and torque than the turbocharged JZZ30 (191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) at 5400 rpm, 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) at 4600 rpm) the V8, called the 4.0GT-L was renowned for its smoothness and refinement. Although receiving a minor update in 1995 which improved responsiveness and bumped outputs to 195 kW (265 PS; 261 hp) / 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft), production of the V8-equipped Soarers ended before the powerplant received VVTi which substantially increased outputs in the Lexus SC400 and other models. However, supercharged and turbocharged modifications have become increasingly common given the strength and durability of the engine, and power outputs up to double the factory levels are being seen on internally standard engines.

The UZZ31 featured a driver-adjustable air suspension system that had two settings for both ride height and damper stiffness. The high pressure air was provideded by an electric pump mounted at the front of the car. Also featured on the UZZ31 series were a host of electronic features including automatic headlights (shared also with the UZZ30), speed-sensitive wipers, electric controlled 2 position memory seats with heated feature as an additional factory option, electronically adjustable steering column with memory, optional reversing camera, cabin air purifying system (also shared with the JZZ31 from 1994), touch screen TV with 12 stack CD player, touch screen SatNav, and a full on board computer diagnostic system which would output to the TV display unit. Like the higher-spec JZZ30 the UZZ31 came with optional sunroof and rear wiper.

Additionally, the UZZ31 could be "special ordered" from Toyota Japan without the EMV, instead being fitted with the radio/CD unit of the UZZ30 with separate climate control. Additionally, electric velour seats from the UZZ30 and JZZ30 models could be special ordered in place of the standard UZZ31 / UZZ32 leather electric seats.^[5] These special order cars would take only a week to produce from the time of the order to completed product. It is not known how many non-EMV UZZ31s were made, although they were offered from the very start of production in 1991. These non-EMV UZZ31 Soarers are uncommon, with only the UZZ32 more rare.

UZZ32 Soarer "Limited"

The UZZ32 was the top of the line 30 series, featuring all of the options available on the UZZ31 and the addition of four-wheel steering and a complex, computer-controlled hydraulic Toyota Active Control Suspension. This did away with conventional springs and anti-roll (stabiliser) bars in favour of hydraulic struts controlled by an array of sensors (such as yaw velocity sensors, vertical G sensors, height sensors, wheel speed sensors, longitudinal and lateral G sensors) that detected cornering, acceleration and braking forces.

The system worked well and gave an unusually controlled yet smooth ride with no body roll.^[6] However, the additional 110 kg (243 lb) weight of hydraulic componentry and power requirements of the system dulled straight-line performance, and significant reduced fuel economy compared to the standard UZZ30 and UZZ31 models.

The car was costly to produce and at close to ¥8 million in 1995,^[7] expensive to buy. As a result, only 873 UZZ32s were made (reportedly No.873 was never finished) and are typically the most sought-after model in right-hand drive markets such as the Japan, UK, Australia and New Zealand. The UZZ32 Soarer has the second shortest production run of any Toyota model, beaten only by the 2000GT of the late 60's.

Colours

Japanese Soarers were available in many colours, some offered continuously throughout the run, and some as limited runs or one-offs. These colour runs did not always match the equivalent U.S market offerings on the Lexus SC.^[8]

Colour	Code	Remark
Pearl white	051 (early) 057 (latter)	1991-2000
Black Onyx	202	1992-2000
Silver	176 (early) 1A0 (middle) 1C0 (latter)	1991-2000
Royal Jade Pearl (aka Bluish Green Metallic)	6M2	1991-1996
Classic Green Pearl	6P2	1996-2000
Beige Metallic	4K9	1991-1993
Red Mica	3K3	1991-1993
Renaissance Red (aka Super Red IV)	3L2	1994-2000
Dark Blue Mica	8J5	1991-1996
Blue Mica Metallic	8L5	1996-2000
Silver Spruce Metallic (aka Teal)	6M3	1991-1993
Teal Mist Metallic (aka Teal)	6N1	1994-1995

From 1991 until 1993, Soarers with external paint codes 8J5 and 202 came with a grey interior colour scheme. Those in 6M2 were available with both grey and "spruce" (blue-grey) interior schemes. Models in 3k3 could have grey or tan interiors. Models with paint codes 4k9, 051 (1991-1998) and 057 (1998-2000) came with tan interiors exclusively. Similarly, those with paint code 176 and 6M3 came with spruce interior colour exclusively.

From 1994 a black interior scheme replaced grey (becoming the predominant interior colour from 1998-2000). From 1994-2000 cars with external paint code 202 came exclusively with the black interior. Models in 3L2 were available with either black or tan interiors.

In 1996 exterior colour 6P2 replaced exterior colour 6M2, and 8L5 replaced 8J5. The spruce interior was discontinued in 1998. Thereafter models in 1A0 and 1C0 which had come with spruce interiors, changed to black interiors; and 6P2 cars were available with black or tan interior schemes.^[9]

Gallery

30 series

Z40 series (2001–2005)

Fourth generation
File:SC430belle.jpg
Overview
Production	2001–2005 (renamed in 2006 as Lexus SC)
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupé convertible
Powertrain
Engine	4.3 L 3UZ-FE V8
Transmission	5-speed automatic 6-speed automatic (renamed model)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,620 mm (103.1 in)
Length	4,515 mm (177.8 in)
Width	1,825 mm (71.9 in)
Height	1,355 mm (53.3 in)
Curb weight	1,730 kg (3,810 lb)

The 40 series Soarer model was largely identical to its Lexus equivalent, sold outside Japan as the Lexus SC 430 since 2001. The Z40 series Soarer 430SCV featured a hardtop which could fold into the boot of the car, in the fashion of the contemporary Mercedes-Benz SL. The coupe was equipped with the 3UZ-FE VVTi (variable valve timing) 4.3-litre V8 motor, as was available in the Lexus LS 430 luxury sedan. It produced 208 kW (283 PS; 279 hp) and 430 N⋅m (320 lb⋅ft) of torque. This enabled the coupe to accelerate from a standstill to 62 mph (100 km/h) in 6 seconds. The shared body style of the Z40 series Soarer/SC 430 was developed by Toyota designers at design studios in France and Japan. Compared with the Z30 series, some observers generally considered the fourth generation a retreat in visual style due to its more compact and top heavy appearance. As a result, it had lost the long sleek look previously seen and admired greatly in the Z30 series models.

With the Z40 series Soarer, design and production synergies culminated in the development of a single shared design configuration for both the Soarer and Lexus models, unlike the previous generations. The rise of Lexus as Toyota's premium worldwide marque also contributed to the design focus on the Lexus model configuration rather than a separate Toyota-branded series of Soarer coupes. On July 26, 2005, Lexus was introduced in Japan with the 2006 SC 430 TSOOH in its lineup. The debut of Lexus and the SC 430 coincided with the conclusion of Toyota Soarer sales.