Trevor Lawrence

Caricature of Sir Trevor Lawrence by SPY (Sir Leslie Ward), Vanity Fair, 1899

Sir James John Trevor Lawrence, 2nd Baronet, KCVO (30 December 1831 – 22 December 1913), known as Sir Trevor Lawrence, was an English horticulturalist, collector and politician.

Early life

Lawrence was born on 30 December 1831, the son of Sir William Lawrence and Louisa Senior, the daughter of a successful Mayfair haberdasher who had bought a country estate, Broughton House, near Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. He was educated at Winchester College and at St Bartholomew's Hospital, where he took the diploma of MRCS in 1853. He then worked for nearly ten years for the Indian Medical Service. Having inherited his mother’s particular love for orchids, he reinforced this when he was in India. He made his first collection when living at Dharamsala in the Himalayan foothills.

On 5 July 1867, Lawrence succeeded to his father's recently created baronetcy (see Lawrence Baronets). In 1869 he married Elizabeth Matthew, daughter of John Matthew, a partner in the leading firm of marine engineers, John Penn and Son of Greenwich. She inherited Burford Lodge, near Dorking, where they created a celebrated garden. The estate then included the Burford Bridge Hotel. They had three sons and one daughter:

• William Matthew Trevor Lawrence (17 September 1870 – 4 January 1934); married Iris Eyre Crabbe (1908) and had issue.
• Aubrey Trevor Lawrence (15 January 1879 – 23 March 1930); married Constance Emily Fanning McGaw (1901) and had issue.
• Charles Trevor Lawrence (18 September 1881 – 10 April 1953); married Adeliza Donnelly (1916).
• Bessie Mary Lawrence; married Paul Rottenburg (1911) and had issue.

Political career

In 1874 he unsuccessfully contested Gloucester as a Conservative, but in 1875 was elected for Mid-Surrey, which included a large portion of south London. He sat for that constituency for ten years until its abolition in the redistributon of seats in 1885, when he was elected for Reigate Division in Surrey, a seat he held for seven years. He did not seek re-election at the 1892 general elections. He confined himself in parliament largely to questions and speeches on constituency matters (such as the abolition of tolls on bridges over the River Thames) and matters of public health (he was a strong supporter of vaccination).

Horticulture

Lawrence's chief interest, however, was horticulture, an interest he had inherited from his mother, herself a horticulturalist of note. From 1885 to 1913 he was President of the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) which increased greatly in numbers and means during this term. He was determined that it should be restored “to horticulture pure and simple,” rather than entertaining the public. He was chiefly responsible for moving the Society from its expensive Kensington site to a more practical home in Westminster in 1904. The society presented him with the Victoria Medal in 1900, a portrait painted by Sir Hubert Herkomer in 1906, and the Veitch Gold Memorial Medal 1913; it also founded the Lawrence Gold Medal in his honour.

He was one of the world's leading orchid collectors and asked his wife to give plants of botanical interest to Kew after his death: 580 were thought to qualify. He presided at the RHS conference on hybridisation in 1899, which is now officially regarded as the first international conference on genetics.

Later career

In 1892 he succeeded Sir Sydney Waterlow as treasurer of St Bartholomew's Hospital and held that office for twelve years. In that time he founded the Lawrence Scholarship in memory of his father and was a member of the Council of King Edward's Hospital Fund. On 9 November 1902 he was created KCVO and was also a Knight of Grace of the Order of St John of Jerusalem. He was a well-known collector of objets d'art, particularly oriental, especially Japanese, art, western porcelain, and old lace. Some of his collector's items are now in the Victoria and Albert Museum and other museums.

See also

• Lawrence Baronets

References

• Boyle, Frederick. About Orchids: A Chat. 1893.
• Elliott, Brent. History of the Royal Horticultural Society 1804-2004. London: Phillimore, 2004
• Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990,
• Leigh Rayment's list of baronets
• Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
• Burkes Peerage and Baronetage (2003), s.v. Lawrence, Baronets, of Ealing Park
• http://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/biogs/E000014b.htm

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Sir Trevor Lawrence

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Sir Henry Peek, Bt. Richard Baggallay	Member of Parliament for Mid Surrey 1875–1885 With: Sir Henry Peek, Bt. to 1874 Sir John Ellis, Bt. from 1874	Constituency abolished
New constituency	Member of Parliament for Reigate 1885–1892	Succeeded by Henry Cubitt
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by William Lawrence	Baronet (of Ealing Park) 1867–1913	Succeeded by William Matthew Trevor Lawrence