UEFA coefficient

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In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. Introduced in 1979,[1] the coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe.

For men's competitions (discussed in this article), three different sets of coefficients are calculated:

While not discussed in this article, coefficients are calculated in a similar fashion for women's competitions such as the UEFA Women's Euro[2] and the UEFA Women's Champions League,[3][4] as well as for youth tournaments such as the UEFA Euro U-21 tournament.[5]

National team coefficient

The UEFA national team coefficient is derived from the results of each European national football team, and only calculated by UEFA every second year in November; defined as being the point of time when all UEFA nations have completed the qualification stage of the upcoming World Cup or European Championship tournament.

The purpose of calculating the coefficients is to compile an official UEFA rank, to be used as seeding criteria for the European nations, when drawing up qualification groups and the final tournament groups of the European Championship. Previously, up until 2006, the UEFA national team coefficient was also used for the seeded draw of World Cup qualification groups in Europe, while the draw for final tournament groups of the World Cup was always seeded on the basis of the official FIFA World Rankings. The reason why UEFA stopped using UEFA national team coefficients for the seeding of World Cup qualification groups was a request from FIFA to only use the official FIFA ranking for all seeded draws related to the World Cup tournament.

Old ranking and calculation method

It was first introduced in 2003 and used for seeding the 2004 European Final tournament and 2006 World Cup qualification. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, the UEFA national team coefficient was calculated by dividing the number of all points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of all matches played, in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Results from the final tournaments, Play-off matches and friendly games were all ignored. In those cases where a nation did not take part at one of the two latest qualifying rounds, due to being directly qualified as a host, only one qualifying round would be taken into account.

If two or more nations ended up with exactly the same coefficient, the following ranking criteria was applied:

  1. Highest coefficient from the matches played in the most recent qualifying competition.
  2. Biggest average goal difference per game, found by dividing the sum of all goal differences by the number of ranked matches.
  3. Highest average number of goals scored per game.
  4. Highest average number of away goals scored per game.
  5. Drawing of lots.

The last three times UEFA used this calculation method was for the final UEFA coefficients in 2003, 2005 and 2007.[6]

Current ranking and calculation method

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced changes to the coefficient ranking system.[7][8][9] The ranking will continue to be calculated every second year in November, but under the new system, teams now gain ranking points for each game played in the most recently completed full cycle (defined as all qualifying games and final tournament games) of both the World Cup and European Championship, with addition of ranking points for each game played at the latest completed half cycle (defined as all games played in the latest qualifying round). Ranking points for all games played inside those two and a half cycles, will be awarded according to the rules listed below.

  1. 10,000 points are awarded for each match played, regardless of the match result.
  2. Each team earns an additional 30,000 for winning and 10,000 for drawing.
  3. In case of a game decided by penalty shoot out, the points are allocated as a draw, with the winner of the shoot-out gaining an additional 10,000 points.
  4. Each match at the final tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are also granted some extra bonus points, ranging from 6,000 points for all play-offs or World Cup group stage games, to 38,000 points for playing a final.
  5. 501 points are earned for each goal scored, and -500 are given for each goal conceded.
  6. Coefficients are calculated for each two and a half cycle, by dividing the sum of earned points with the number of games played.
  7. When calculating the overall average coefficient for the cycles, the latest full cycle and half cycle will each have double the weight, compared to the oldest full cycle.
  8. Special arrangements are in place for those nations that did not participate in one of the previous qualifying tournaments due to hosting the competition.

Final ranking in 2015

The coefficients from 2015, to be used for the seeding and pot placements in the draw for UEFA Euro 2016 groups, were calculated for each country by averaging:

The seeding and pot placements of the teams in the draw for UEFA Euro 2016 were based on UEFA coefficients, determined on 13 October 2015, which are as follows:[10]

Country coefficient

Map of UEFA countries whose teams have reached the group stage of the UEFA Champions League
  UEFA member country that has been represented in the group stage
  UEFA member country that has not been represented in the group stage
  Not a UEFA member

The country coefficient is used to rank the football associations of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from an association that will participate in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the rankings at the end of the 2015–16 season determine the team allocation by association in the 2017–18 (not 2016–17) UEFA season; however, the actual teams that will be participating in the 2016–17 UEFA season are determined at the end of the 2015–16 season when the individual association classifications and national cups are finalized.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the associations in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League games over the past five seasons. Two points are awarded for each win by a club, and one for a draw (points are halved in the qualifying and playoff rounds). Results determined by extra time do count in determining the allocation of points, but results determined by penalty-shootouts do not affect the allocation of points, other than for bonus points given for qualification into the latter rounds of the Champions League or the Europa League. The number of points awarded each season is divided by the number of teams that participated for that association in that season. This number is then rounded down to three decimal places (e.g. 2⅔ would be rounded to 2.666).[11] [12]

To determine a country's coefficient for a particular season, the coefficients for the last five seasons are added. Bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season. Bonus points are allocated for:

  • Clubs that reach the quarter-finals, semi-finals, or final of either the UEFA Champions League or the UEFA Europa League (1 bonus point).
  • Clubs that qualify for the group stage of the Champions League (4 bonus points).
  • Clubs that qualify for the round of 16 of the Champions League (5 bonus points).

Current ranking

The ranking below takes into account of each association's performance in European competitions from 2011–12 to 2015–16, with the 2015–16 season currently taking place.

The final ranking at the end of the 2015–16 season will be used to determine the number of places for each association in the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League and 2017–18 UEFA Europa League.

Note: Starting from the 2015–16 season, all associations will have a maximum of three teams entering the Europa League.[13]

As of 10 December 2015 the coefficients are as follows:[14]

Rank
2016		 Rank
2015		 Mvmt. Member association
(L: League, C: Cup, LC: League cup1)		 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 Coeff. Teams
 CL places EL places Total
1 1 0 — Spain Spain (L, C) 20.857 17.714 23.000 20.214 13.500 95.285 7/7 4 3 7
2 3 1 +1 Germany Germany (L, C) 15.250 17.928 14.714 15.857 11.571 75.320 6/7
3 2 -1 –1 England England (L, C, LC1) 15.250 16.428 16.785 13.571 10.625 72.659 6/8
4 4 0 — Italy Italy (L, C) 11.357 14.416 14.166 19.000 10.333 69.272 5/6 3 6
5 6 1 +1 France France (L, C, LC1) 10.500 11.750 8.500 10.916 9.583 51.249 3/6
6 5 -1 –1 Portugal Portugal (L, C) 11.833 11.750 9.916 9.083 8.500 51.082 4/6
7 7 0 — Russia Russia (L, C) 9.750 9.750 10.416 9.666 11.300 50.882 3/5 2 5
8 8 0 — Ukraine Ukraine (L, C) 7.750 9.500 7.833 10.000 6.800 41.883 2/5
9 10 1 +1 Belgium Belgium (L, C) 10.100 6.500 6.400 9.600 6.600 39.200 2/5
10 9 -1 –1 Netherlands Netherlands (L, C) 13.600 4.214 5.916 6.083 5.416 35.229 1/6
11 12 1 +1 Turkey Turkey (L, C) 5.100 10.200 6.700 6.000 5.400 33.400 2/5
12 11 -1 –1 Switzerland Switzerland (L, C) 6.000 8.375 7.200 6.900 4.500 32.975 2/5
13 14 1 +1 Czech Republic Czech Republic (L, C) 5.250 8.500 8.000 3.875 5.700 31.325 1/5
14 13 -1 –1 Greece Greece (L, C) 7.600 4.400 6.100 6.200 5.400 29.700 1/5
15 15 0 — Romania Romania (L, C) 4.333 6.800 6.875 5.125 2.250 25.383 0/4
16 16 0 — Austria Austria (L, C) 7.125 2.250 7.800 4.125 3.800 25.100 1/5 1 4
17 17 0 — Croatia Croatia (L, C) 3.750 4.375 4.375 6.875 4.500 23.875 0/4
18 19 1 +1 Poland Poland (L, C) 6.625 2.500 3.125 4.750 5.500 22.500 0/4
19 18 -1 –1 Cyprus Cyprus (L, C) 9.125 4.000 2.750 3.300 3.000 22.175 0/4
20 21 1 +1 Belarus Belarus (L, C) 3.125 4.500 1.750 5.500 5.125 20.000 0/4
21 24 3 +3 Sweden Sweden (L, C) 2.900 5.125 3.200 3.900 4.750 19.875 0/4
22 26 4 +4 Norway Norway (L, C) 2.300 4.900 2.600 2.200 6.750 18.750 1/4
23 20 -3 –3 Israel Israel (L, C) 6.000 3.250 5.750 1.375 2.250 18.625 0/4
24 22 -2 –2 Denmark Denmark (L, C) 3.100 3.300 3.800 2.900 5.000 18.100 1/4
25 23 -2 –2 Scotland Scotland (L, C) 2.750 4.300 3.250 4.000 3.000 17.300 0/4
26 29 3 +3 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (L, C) 1.375 3.000 2.500 3.625 4.375 14.875 0/4
27 27 0 — Serbia Serbia (L, C) 2.125 3.000 2.500 2.750 4.250 14.625 0/4
28 32 4 +4 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan (L, C) 1.625 1.375 3.125 3.375 4.625 14.125 0/4
29 25 –4 –4 Bulgaria Bulgaria (L, C) 1.500 0.750 5.625 4.250 1.000 13.125 0/4
30 28 -2 –2 Slovenia Slovenia (L, C) 2.250 3.250 2.625 4.000 1.000 13.125 0/4
31 30 -1 –1 Slovakia Slovakia (L, C) 2.375 1.500 1.625 2.750 3.750 12.000 0/4
32 38 6 +6 Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (C2) 2.000 0.000 1.000 2.500 5.000 10.500 0/1 0 1 1
33 31 -2 –2 Hungary Hungary (L, C) 2.250 3.000 0.875 2.125 1.625 9.875 0/4 1 3 4
34 33 -1 –1 Moldova Moldova (L, C) 0.500 2.250 3.375 1.750 1.250 9.125 0/4
35 36 1 +1 Iceland Iceland (L, C) 1.375 1.250 2.500 2.500 1.125 8.750 0/4
36 34 -2 –2 Georgia (country) Georgia (L, C) 2.875 1.500 1.875 1.250 0.625 8.125 0/4
37 35 -2 –2 Finland Finland (L, C) 1.500 2.000 0.500 2.400 1.000 7.400 0/4
38 37 -1 –1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina (L, C) 1.125 1.250 1.500 1.750 1.500 7.125 0/4
39 42 3 +3 Albania Albania (L, C) 0.875 0.750 2.000 0.875 2.125 6.625 0/4
40 39 -1 –1 Republic of Macedonia Macedonia (L, C) 1.625 1.250 0.500 1.125 1.500 6.000 0/4
41 40 -1 –1 Republic of Ireland Republic of Ireland (L, C) 1.500 1.000 0.250 2.000 0.700 5.450 0/5
42 46 4 +4 Latvia Latvia (L, C) 0.625 1.250 1.625 0.250 1.625 5.375 0/4
43 43 0 — Luxembourg Luxembourg (L, C) 1.125 1.375 1.500 0.500 0.750 5.250 0/4
44 41 -3 –3 Montenegro Montenegro (L, C) 0.500 1.375 1.250 0.750 1.000 4.875 0/4
45 45 0 — Lithuania Lithuania (L, C) 1.000 1.125 1.250 0.500 0.750 4.625 0/4
46 44 -2 –2 Northern Ireland Northern Ireland (L, C) 0.500 1.000 0.875 1.375 0.750 4.500 0/4
47 48 1 +1 Estonia Estonia (L, C) 0.375 0.375 1.000 1.500 1.000 4.250 0/4
48 51 3 +3 Armenia Armenia (L, C) 0.125 0.875 1.125 0.375 1.625 4.125 0/4
49 49 0 — Faroe Islands Faroe Islands (L, C) 0.500 0.500 0.875 1.375 0.375 3.625 0/4
50 47 -3 –3 Malta Malta (L, C) 0.833 0.875 0.875 0.125 0.875 3.583 0/4
51 50 -1 –1 Wales Wales (L, C) 0.625 0.500 0.750 0.125 1.500 3.500 0/4
52 54 2 +2 Gibraltar Gibraltar (L3, C) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.750 1.000 0/2 1 2
53 52 -1 –1 Andorra Andorra (L, C) 0.000 0.000 0.333 0.500 0.166 0.999 0/3 2 3
54 53 -1 –1 San Marino San Marino (L, C) 0.000 0.000 0.333 0.000 0.000 0.333 0/3
  Indicates active countries which have all their teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates active countries which have teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates countries which have no teams remaining in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

1 The winners of the league cups of England and France are given a place in the UEFA Europa League by special permission from UEFA.
2 The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organize a national league competition as it does not have the necessary amount of national clubs. As a result, the only competitor from Liechtenstein in European competitions is the Liechtenstein Cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Europa League.
3 The Gibraltar Football Association has only one place in each of the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League as per decision by the UEFA Executive Committee.[15]

UEFA uses this coefficient system to decide which teams gain automatic entry to the group stage and which teams must go through qualifying. The teams who occupy the top three league places in the countries ranked 1 to 3 in UEFA competition gain automatic entry into the group stages for the following season’s Champions League competition. The first and second placed teams in the countries ranked 4 to 6 also gain automatic entry, as do the champions in the countries ranked 7 to 12. The Champions League and Europa League winners also get the chance to participate in the following season’s competition, with the Champions League title holders guaranteed an automatic entry into the group stage.

Further information on Liechtenstein's status and similar cases.

According to the UEFA regulations a National League needs to consist of at least eight clubs to be considered valid, otherwise no participants of such a league will be allowed to enter European competitions. There are only seven clubs that are active in Liechtenstein, all of which play in neighbouring Switzerland's league competitions. Note: prior to the introduction of the Welsh Premier League in 1992 Wales also had a single participant, the winner (or best placed Welsh team as several English teams also competed) of the Welsh Cup, in the European competitions.

History

Ranking has been published by UEFA since 1979[1] to identify the number of participants for each country in the UEFA Cup after the re-organization of the Inter-cities Fairs Cup in 1971. No calculation of coefficients took place prior to that. Later, for statistical purposes, various rankings were introduced to portray the history of competitions. Because the Inter-cities Fairs Cup was limited only to certain clubs and/or by invitation no coefficient calculation was necessary. According to the prorated (extended) calculation system only four leagues have succeeded in being the top European league.[16]

Due to the Heysel Stadium disaster, all English teams were banned from UEFA competitions in 1985 and so the First Division did not gain any coefficient points until the ban was lifted after 5 seasons, directly affecting the ranking of the First Division and then the Premier League for 9 years from 1986 to 1994; top in 1985,[17] England was unranked in 1990,[18] and would not regain the top position until 2008.[19]

The table shows the ranking of nations with respect to the total number of years leading in Europe:

As of 6 June 2015
League Total
Italy Serie A 13
Spain La Liga 11
Germany Bundesliga 7
England First Division/Premier League 6

Club coefficient

The club coefficient rankings are determined by the results of clubs in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League over the previous five seasons, as well as by the coefficient of the clubs' association. The club coefficient is the sum of the points earned by the club over the five seasons plus 20% of the club's association coefficient.[20][21]

The clubs receive two points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a defeat in games of the main stages of the Champions League and the Europa League. Results determined after extra-time are included in this method, however results determined after penalty shoot-outs are not (the result is considered a draw). Bonus points for entering the Europa League group stage are not additional to win/draw points; they provide a minimum points allowance for participating clubs, whereas bonus points for entering the Champions League group stage (and those for qualifying to the knockout stage) are additional to win/draw points.

Qualifying round results are only taken into account if the team is eliminated in one of the rounds (see table below). Otherwise, the qualifying round results are taken into account only for the calculation of the association's coefficient and are halved.[20] The clubs do not receive any points for elimination in the Champions League third qualifying round or the play-off because those teams move to the Europa League and receive points from participation in that competition.[21]

Round Points awarded
Champions League Europa League
First qualifying round elimination 0.5 0.25
Second qualifying round elimination 1 0.5
Third qualifying round elimination – 1
Play-off elimination – 1.5
Group stage participation 4 2
Win in group stage or subsequent round 2 2
Draw in group stage or subsequent round 1 1
Round of 16 participation 5 –
Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and finals participation 1 1

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine a club's seeding in club competition draws, including the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the Europa League.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams did not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of, the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

UEFA team ranking

The top 25 clubs as of 10 December 2015 are as follows.[22]

Rank
2016		 Rank
2015		 Mvmt. Club Association 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 Coeff.
1 1 0 — Real Madrid Spain Spain 36.1714 29.5428 39.6000 33.0428 22.7000 161.057
2 3 1 +1 Bayern Munich Germany Germany 33.0500 36.5856 29.9428 31.1714 21.3142 152.064
3 2 -1 –1 Barcelona Spain Spain 34.1714 27.5428 28.6000 38.0428 21.7000 150.057
4 4 0 — Chelsea England England 33.0500 30.2856 28.3570 23.7142 20.1250 135.531
5 5 0 — Atlético Madrid Spain Spain 34.1714 13.5428 37.6000 26.0428 20.7000 132.057
6 6 0 — Benfica Portugal Portugal 23.3666 28.3500 30.9832 9.8166 17.7000 110.216
7 11 4 +4 Paris Saint-Germain France France 9.1000 27.3500 26.7000 23.1832 19.9166 106.249
8 14 6 +6 Juventus Italy Italy 2.2714 25.8832 25.8332 32.8000 19.0666 105.854
9 9 0 — Arsenal England England 22.0500 21.2856 21.3570 22.7142 17.1250 104.531
10 13 3 +3 Borussia Dortmund Germany Germany 10.0500 33.5856 24.9428 21.1714 9.3142 99.064
11 7 -4 –4 Schalke 04 Germany Germany 20.0500 22.5856 18.9428 20.1714 12.3142 94.064
12 15 3 +3 Zenit Saint Petersburg Russia Russia 19.9500 14.9500 18.0832 18.9332 21.2600 93.176
13 8 -5 –5 Porto Portugal Portugal 12.3666 22.3500 17.9832 26.8166 12.7000 92.216
14 17 3 +3 Manchester City England England 20.0500 10.2856 22.3570 17.7142 19.1250 89.531
15 12 -3 –3 Valencia Spain Spain 25.1714 22.5428 26.6000 4.0428 10.7000 89.057
16 20 4 +4 Napoli Italy Italy 21.2714 8.8832 18.8332 25.8000 14.0666 88.854
17 19 2 +2 Basel Switzerland Switzerland 20.2000 17.6750 20.4400 16.3800 9.9000 84.595
18 16 -2 –2 Bayer Leverkusen Germany Germany 19.0500 12.5856 18.9428 21.1714 11.3142 83.064
19 23 4 +4 Sevilla Spain Spain 5.6714 3.5428 26.6000 32.0428 10.7000 78.557
20 10 -10 –10 Manchester United England England 16.0500 21.2856 26.3570 2.7142 12.1250 78.531
21 28 7 +7 Olympiacos Greece Greece 17.5200 10.8800 19.2200 12.2400 11.0800 70.940
22 21 -1 –1 Tottenham Hotspur England England 10.0500 19.2856 18.3570 11.7142 11.1250 70.531
23 18 -5 –5 Shakhtar Donetsk Ukraine Ukraine 9.5500 18.9000 12.5666 19.0000 7.3600 67.376
24 22 -2 –2 Milan Italy Italy 22.2714 19.8832 18.8332 3.8000 2.0666 66.854
25 32 7 +7 Athletic Bilbao Spain Spain 27.1714 7.5428 4.6000 14.0428 11.7000 65.057
  Indicates teams still active in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from active countries in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from countries which have no teams remaining in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

Top club by period

The following data indicate the top-ranked clubs in each 5-year period.[23] Data prior to 1975–1979 period has been calculated, but precedes the first published by the Confederation and has merely informative value.[23]

Years Club Coeff.
1975–1979 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.402
1976–1980 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 7.985
1977–1981 Spain Barcelona 7.652
1978–1982 Spain Barcelona 7.832
1979–1983 Spain Barcelona 7.998
1980–1984 England Liverpool 8.277
1981–1985 England Liverpool 9.054
1982–1986 Belgium Anderlecht 7.915
Italy Juventus 7.915
1983–1987 Italy Juventus 8.665
1984–1988 Italy Juventus 8.388
1985–1989 West Germany Bayern Munich 7.846
1986–1990 West Germany Bayern Munich 8.096
1987–1991 Italy Juventus 8.291
1988–1992 Spain Real Madrid 7.975
1989–1993 Spain Real Madrid 7.850
1990–1994 Spain Real Madrid 7.600
1991–1995 Spain Real Madrid 7.266
1992–1996 Netherlands Ajax 9.124
Years Club Coeff.
1993–1997 Italy Juventus 8.719
1994–1998 France Paris Saint-Germain 8.716
1995–1999 Italy Juventus 121.606
1996–2000 Italy Juventus 109.963
1997–2001 Spain Real Madrid 114.605
1998–2002 Spain Real Madrid 147.233
1999–2003 Spain Real Madrid 151.769
2000–2004 Spain Real Madrid 146.350
2001–2005 Spain Real Madrid 131.326
2002–2006 Italy Milan 129.020
2003–2007 Italy Milan 133.808
2004–2008 England Chelsea 124.996
2005–2009 Spain Barcelona 121.853
2006–2010 Spain Barcelona 136.951
2007–2011 England Manchester United 151.157
2008–2012 Spain Barcelona 157.837
2009–2013 Spain Barcelona 157.605
2010–2014 Spain Real Madrid 161.542
2011–2015 Spain Real Madrid 171.999

Top-rated clubs listed by number of times they were top-ranked over a 5-year period since the first period officially analysed (1975–1979):

Rank Club Total
1 Spain Real Madrid 11
2 Italy Juventus 7
Spain Barcelona 7
4 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 2
Germany Bayern Munich 2
England Liverpool 2
Italy Milan 2
8 Netherlands Ajax 1
Belgium Anderlecht 1
France Paris Saint-Germain 1
England Chelsea 1
England Manchester United 1

Criticisms

The UEFA coefficient system has been criticised for being likely to preserve the status quo for rankings and seedings, as well as for favouring teams from stronger nations.[24]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ jf
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database (Bert Kassies)
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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