Unified Parallel C

Unified Parallel C (UPC)
Paradigm	parallel, message passing, imperative (procedural), structured
Designed by	UPC Consortium
Stable release	1.3/November 2013
Typing discipline	static, weak, manifest
OS	Cross-platform
Website	upc-lang.org
Major implementations
	GNU UPC, IBM XL UPC Compilers, HP UPC, Berkeley UPC, Michigan Tech MuPC, Cray UPC
Influenced by
	C, AC, Split-C, Parallel C Preprocessor

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Unified Parallel C (UPC) is an extension of the C programming language designed for high-performance computing on large-scale parallel machines, including those with a common global address space (SMP and NUMA) and those with distributed memory (e.g. clusters). The programmer is presented with a single shared, partitioned address space, where variables may be directly read and written by any processor, but each variable is physically associated with a single processor. UPC uses a Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) model of computation in which the amount of parallelism is fixed at program startup time, typically with a single thread of execution per processor.

In order to express parallelism, UPC extends ISO C 99 with the following constructs:

An explicitly parallel execution model
A shared address space
Synchronization primitives and a memory consistency model
Explicit communication primitives, e.g. upc_memput
Memory management primitives

The UPC language evolved from experiences with three other earlier languages that proposed parallel extensions to ISO C 99: AC, Split-C, and Parallel C Preprocessor (PCP). UPC is not a superset of these three languages, but rather an attempt to distill the best characteristics of each. UPC combines the programmability advantages of the shared memory programming paradigm and the control over data layout and performance of the message passing programming paradigm.

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v t e Parallel computing
General	Distributed computing Cloud computing High-performance computing
Levels	Bit Instruction Task Data Memory
Multithreading	Temporal Simultaneous Preemptive Cooperative
Theory	PRAM model Analysis of parallel algorithms Amdahl's law Gustafson's law Cost efficiency Karp–Flatt metric Slowdown Speedup
Elements	Process Thread Fiber Instruction window
Coordination	Multiprocessing Memory coherency Cache coherency Cache invalidation Barrier Synchronization Application checkpointing
Programming	Models Implicit parallelism Explicit parallelism Concurrency Non-blocking algorithm
Hardware	Flynn's taxonomy SISD SIMD MISD MIMD Pipelined processor Superscalar processor Vector processor Multiprocessor symmetric asymmetric Memory shared distributed distributed shared UMA NUMA COMA Massively parallel computer Computer cluster Grid computer
APIs	POSIX Threads OpenMP OpenCL OpenHMPP OpenACC MPI PVM UPC TBB Boost.Thread Global Arrays Ateji PX Charm++ Cilk Coarray Fortran CUDA Dryad C++ AMP PLINQ TPL
Problems	Embarrassingly parallel Software lockout Scalability Race condition Deadlock Livelock Starvation Deterministic algorithm Parallel slowdown
Category: parallel computing Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons

Unified Parallel C

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