Volcanology of Java

File:Merapi and 6 other Volcanoes in Java Indonesia.jpg

Seven of the active volcanoes of Java

Mt. Semeru and Mt. Bromo in East Java

The Indonesian island of Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 45 of which are considered active volcanoes. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (lahars). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as alluvium to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas.

Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.

List of volcanoes

Main article: List of volcanoes in Indonesia

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word Gunung (mount or mountain) precede the names

West Java

• Pulosari Stratovolcano
• Gunung Karang Stratovolcano
• Kiaraberes-Gagak Stratovolcano
• Perbakti Stratovolcano
• Mount Salak Stratovolcano
• Mount Gede Stratovolcano
• Mount Pangrango Stratovolcano
• Mount Patuha Stratovolcano
• Wayang-Windu Lava dome
• Mount Malabar Stratovolcano
• Tangkuban Parahu Stratovolcano
• Mount Papandayan Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Kendang Stratovolcano
• Kamojang Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Guntur Complex volcano
• Mount Tampomas Stratovolcano
• Galunggung Stratovolcano
• Talagabodas Stratovolcano
• Karaha Crater Fumarole field
• Mount Cereme Stratovolcano

Central Java

• Mount Slamet Stratovolcano
• Dieng Volcanic Complex Complex volcano
• Mount Sundoro Stratovolcano
• Mount Sumbing Stratovolcano
• Mount Ungaran Stratovolcano
• Mount Telomoyo Stratovolcano
• Mount Merbabu Stratovolcano
• Mount Merapi Stratovolcano
• Mount Muria Stratovolcano
• Mount Lawu Stratovolcano
• Mount Wilis Stratovolcano

East Java

• Kelut Stratovolcano
• Kawi-Butak Stratovolcanoes
• Arjuno-Welirang Stratovolcano
• Penanggungan Stratovolcano
• Malang Plain Maars
• Semeru Stratovolcano
• Mount Bromo
• Lamongan Stratovolcano
• Lurus Complex volcano Mount Lurus
• Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano
• Raung Stratovolcano
• Ijen Stratovolcanoes
• Baluran Stratovolcano

List of active volcanoes

Name	Shape	Elevation		Last eruption (VEI)	Geolocation
		m	ft
Krakatau	caldera	813	2,667	11 Jan 2011 ( )
Pulosari	stratovolcano	1,346	4,416	unknown
Gunung Karang	stratovolcano	1,778	5,833	unknown
Kiaraberes-Gagak	stratovolcano	1,511	4,957	6 Apr 1939 (1)
Perbakti	stratovolcano	1,699	5,574	unknown
Salak	stratovolcano	2,211	7,254	31 Jan 1938 (2)
Gede	stratovolcano	2,958	9,705	13 Mar 1957 (2)
Patuha	stratovolcano	2,434	7,986	unknown
Wayang-Windu	lava dome	2,182	7,159	unknown
Malabar	stratovolcano	2,343	7,687	unknown
Tangkuban Perahu	stratovolcano	2,084	6,837	14 Sep 1983 (1)
Papandayan	stratovolcano	2,665	8,743	11 Nov 2002 (2)
Kendang	stratovolcano	2,608	8,556	unknown
Kamojang	stratovolcano	1,730	5,680	Pleistocene
Guntur	complex volcano	2,249	7,379	16 Oct 1847 (2)
Tampomas	stratovolcano	1,684	5,525	unknown
Galunggung	stratovolcano	2,168	7,113	9 Jan 1984 (1)
Talagabodas	stratovolcano	2,201	7,221	unknown
Karaha	fumarole	1,155	3,789	unknown
Cereme	stratovolcano	3,078	10,098	1951
Slamet	stratovolcano	3,432	11,260	1 May 1999 (1)
Dieng	complex volcano	2,565	8,415	31 Dec 1996 (1)
Sundoro	stratovolcano	3,136	10,289	29 Oct 1971 (2)
Sumbing	stratovolcano	3,371	11,060	1730 (1)
Ungaran	stratovolcano	2,050	6,730	unknown
Telomoyo	stratovolcano	1,894	6,214	unknown
Merbabu	stratovolcano	3,145	10,318	1797 (2)
Merapi	stratovolcano	2,968	9,738	26 Oct 2010
Muria	stratovolcano	1,625	5,331	160 ± 30 years
Lawu	stratovolcano	3,265	10,712	28 Nov 1885 (1)
Wilis	stratovolcano	2,563	8,409	unknown
Kelud	stratovolcano	1,731	5,679	13 Feb 2014
Kawi-Butak	stratovolcano	2,651	8,698	unknown
Arjuno-Welirang	stratovolcano	3,339	10,955	15 Aug 1952 (0)
Penanggungan	stratovolcano	1,653	5,423	unknown
Malang Plain	maar	680	2,230	unknown
Semeru	stratovolcano	3,676	12,060	1967–2006 continuing (3)
Tengger	stratovolcano	2,329	7,641	8 Jun 2004 (2)
Lamongan	stratovolcano	1,651	5,417	5 Feb 1898 (2)
Lurus	complex volcano	539	1,768	unknown
Iyang-Argapura	complex volcano	3,088	10,131	unknown
Raung	stratovolcano	3,332	10,932	2 Jun 2002 (2)
Ijen	stratovolcano	2,799	9,183	28 Jun 1999 (1)
Baluran	stratovolcano	1,247	4,091	unknown

See also

• Reinout Willem van Bemmelen
• List of volcanoes in Indonesia

References

• Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), The Ecology of Java and Bali, Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Harcover, 969 pages, ISBN 962-593-072-8