Wineville Chicken Coop Murders

Gordon Northcott
File:Northcott booking.gif
Born	Gordon Stewart Northcott November 9, 1906 Bladworth, Saskatchewan
Died	October 2, 1930 (aged 23) San Quentin State Prison in San Quentin, California
Cause of death	Hanging
Criminal penalty	Death
Conviction(s)	February 8, 1929
Killings
Victims	3 (confirmed), 1 (implicated)
Span of killings	1926–1928
Country	USA
State(s)	California
Date apprehended	September 19, 1928

The Wineville Chicken Coop Murders—also known as the Wineville Chicken Murders—were a series of abductions and murders of young boys that occurred in the city of Los Angeles and in Riverside County, California, between 1926 and 1928. The case received national attention.

Murders

In 1926, Gordon Stewart Northcott, a 19-year-old Canadian chicken ranch owner, took his 13-year-old nephew Sanford Clark (with the permission of the boy's parents) from the boy's home in Canada. After arriving at his Wineville, California farm (located in present-day Jurupa Valley), Northcott beat and sexually abused him.

In August 1928, Sanford's older sister, 19-year-old Jessie Clark, visited Sanford, who was 15 at the time, in Wineville. She was concerned about his welfare. At that time, Sanford told her that he feared for his life. One night while Northcott was asleep, Jessie learned from Sanford of the horrors and murders that had taken place at Northcott's chicken ranch. Jessie returned to Canada about one week after that.

Once in Canada, Jessie informed the American consul there about the horrors in Wineville. The American consul then wrote a letter to the Los Angeles Police Department, detailing Jessie Clark's sworn complaint. Because there was initially some concern over an immigration issue, the Los Angeles Police Department contacted the United States Immigration Service to determine facts relative to Jessie's complaint.

On August 31, 1928, two United States Immigration Service inspectors, Judson F. Shaw and Scallorn, visited Northcott's chicken ranch in Wineville. They found 15-year-old Sanford Clark at the ranch and took him into custody.

Northcott had seen the agents driving up the long road to his ranch. Before fleeing into the treeline, he told Clark to stall the agents, or else he would shoot him from the treeline with a rifle. During the next two hours while Clark stalled, Northcott kept on running. Finally, when Clark felt that the agents could protect him, he told them that Northcott had fled into the trees which lined the edge of his chicken ranch property.

Northcott and his mother, Sarah Louise, fled to Canada but were arrested near Vernon, British Columbia on September 19, 1928.

Sanford Clark testified at the sentencing of Sarah Louise Northcott that his uncle, Gordon Northcott, had kidnapped, molested, beaten, and killed three young boys with the help of Northcott's mother (Sarah Louise Northcott) and of Clark himself. Clark stated that, in addition to these three young boys, Northcott had also murdered a teenage Mexican boy without the help of his mother or himself.

Northcott had forced Clark to help dispose of the head of the Mexican boy by burning it in a firepit and then crushing the skull.

Northcott stated that he "left the headless body by the side of the road near Puente (La Puente, California), because he had no other place to put it."

Sanford Clark said that quicklime was used to dispose of the remains and that the bodies (of Lewis and Nelson Winslow and of Walter Collins) were buried on the Wineville chicken ranch.

Body parts found

Authorities found three shallow graves exactly where Clark had stated that they would be found at Wineville. It was found, however, that these graves did not contain complete bodies but only parts of bodies. During testimony from both Sanford Clark and his sister Jessie, it was learned that the bodies had been dug up by Gordon Northcott and his mother, Sarah Louise Northcott, on the evening of August 4, 1928, a few weeks before Sanford was taken into protective custody. Northcott and his mother had taken the bodies out to a desert area, where they were most likely burned in the night. The complete bodies were never recovered.

This evidence found in the graves consisted of "51 parts of human anatomy ... those silent bits of evidence, of human bones and blood, have spoken and corroborated the testimony of living witnesses". This evidence enabled the State of California to conclude that Walter Collins, the two Winslow brothers, and the Mexican boy had all been murdered.

The body parts that were found, coupled with the testimony of Sanford Clark, resulted in a death penalty for Gordon Northcott and a life sentence for his mother, Sarah Louise Northcott.

Aftermath

Wineville changed its name to Mira Loma on November 1, 1930, due in large part to the negative publicity surrounding the murders. The new city of Eastvale, California, took parts of the area of Mira Loma in 2010; and the new city of Jurupa Valley took parts of Mira Loma in 2011. Wineville Avenue, Wineville Road, Wineville Park and other geographic references provide reminders of the community's former name.

Sanford Clark returned to Saskatoon, Canada. Records of the city of Saskatoon indicate that he died on June 20, 1991, and was buried in the Saskatoon Woodlawn Cemetery on August 26, 1993.

Imprisonment and hanging

Canadian police arrested Gordon Stewart Northcott and his mother on September 19, 1928. Due to errors in the extradition paperwork, they were not returned to Los Angeles until November 30, 1928.

While Sarah Northcott and her son, Gordon, were being held in Canada awaiting extradition to California, Sarah confessed to the murders, including that of nine-year-old Walter Collins. But before being extradited to California, she retracted her confession, as did Gordon Northcott, who had confessed to killing more than five boys.

After Sarah and her son had been extradited from Canada to California, she once again pleaded guilty to killing Walter Collins. She was not put on trial. Upon her plea of guilty, Superior Court Judge Morton sentenced her to life imprisonment on December 31, 1928, sparing her the death penalty because she was a woman. During her sentencing hearing, Sarah Louise claimed that her son was innocent and made a variety of bizarre claims about his parentage, including that he was an illegitimate son of an English nobleman, that she was Gordon's grandmother, and that he was the result of incest between her husband, George Cyrus Northcott, and their daughter. She also stated that as a child, Gordon was sexually abused by the entire family. She served her sentence at Tehachapi State Prison and was paroled after less than 12 years. She died in 1944.

Gordon Northcott was implicated in the murder of Walter Collins, but because his mother had already confessed to murdering Walter Collins and had been sentenced for it, the state chose to not prosecute Gordon Northcott in the murder of Walter Collins.

It was speculated that Gordon may have killed as many as 20 boys, but the State of California could not produce evidence to support that speculation. Ultimately, the state only brought an indictment against Gordon for the murder of an unidentified Mexican boy (known as the "Headless Mexican") and for the murder of the brothers Lewis and Nelson Winslow (aged 12 and 10, respectively). The brothers had been reported missing from Pomona on May 16, 1928.

In early 1929, Gordon Northcott's trial was held before Judge George R. Freeman in Riverside County, California. The jury heard that he kidnapped, molested, tortured, and murdered the Winslow brothers and the "Headless Mexican" in 1928. On February 8, 1929, the 27-day trial ended with Gordon being convicted of these murders.

On February 13, 1929, Freeman sentenced him to death and he was hanged on October 2, 1930, at San Quentin State Prison. He was 23 years old.

Involved persons

Northcott family tree

1928 Northcott Farm Site
1928 Northcott Farm Site Los Angeles county vicinity
Coordinates:

Gordon Stewart Northcott (November 9, 1906 – October 2, 1930)

Gordon Stewart Northcott was born in Bladworth, Saskatchewan, Canada, and raised in British Columbia. He moved to Los Angeles, California, with his parents in 1924. Northcott asked his father to purchase a plot of land in Wineville, California. On this land, Gordon built a chicken ranch and a house with the help of his father (who was in the construction business) and his nephew, Sanford. It was this pretext (building a chicken ranch at Wineville) that Northcott used to bring Sanford from Bladworth to the United States.

While residing at his chicken ranch, Northcott abducted an undetermined number of boys and molested them. Typically, after molesting them, he would drive the victims home and let them go. Four of them, however, he murdered at the ranch.

Ultimately, Northcott was tried and convicted of murdering the two Winslow boys and a teenage Mexican boy. He had murdered and then decapitated the Mexican boy, who was his first murder victim.

Northcott also murdered a boy named Walter Collins. A few days after abducting Walter Collins, Northcott received a phone-call from his mother, Sarah Louise Northcott, informing him that she was on her way to see him at the ranch in Wineville and that she was going to stay for a few days. The drive from her home in Los Angeles to Wineville was only about an hour. By then, Northcott had already held and molested Walter for several days. During his mother's visit, Walter was kept in a chicken coop.

Owing to prior incidents, Sarah was well aware that her son had sexually abused boys. She became suspicious of the chicken coop and of Northcott's desire to keep her away from it. At some time during her visit to the ranch, Sarah discovered Walter in the chicken coop. According to Sanford Clark's testimony, she told her son that Walter could identify him. (Northcott had once worked at a supermarket where Walter had shopped with his mother, Christine Collins.)

Since Walter could identify him, Sarah told her son that Walter knew too much and would have to be silenced permanently. Sanford Clark testified that Sarah decided that all three of them should participate in murdering Walter. That way, none of them (Northcott, Sarah, and Sanford) could implicate the two others without placing himself at risk. Northcott suggested using a gun, but Sarah feared that a gunshot would alert the neighbors. The blunt end of an axe was chosen as the murder weapon, and this was used to kill Walter as he lay sleeping on a cot in the chicken coop. The three of them each delivered fatal blows to Walter's head.

The two Winslow brothers were killed in the same way.

Sanford Clark (March 1, 1913 – June 20, 1991)

California State Reform School in Whittier, California, about 1901.

Sanford's older sister, Jessie, became suspicious of the letters Sanford was forced to send home from Northcott's ranch. These letters assured the family that Sanford was well.

Jessie traveled to the ranch in Wineville and stayed there for several days. She became terrified of Northcott, left the ranch, and returned to Canada. There she told the American consul about the crimes that had occurred at Wineville.

Sanford was not tried for murder because Assistant District Attorney Loyal C. Kelley believed very strongly that he was innocent. He said that Sanford had been a victim of Northcott's death threats and sexual abuse and was not a willing participant in the crimes committed at the chicken ranch.

Kelley told Sanford that he had secured an entirely unique settlement of Sanford's legal situation by having him taken to the nearby Whittier State School, where an experimental program for delinquent youths was underway. He assured Sanford that the Whittier school was unique because of its compassionate mission of genuine rehabilitation.

Sanford was sentenced to five years at the Whittier State School (later renamed the Fred C. Nelles Youth Correctional Facility). His sentence was later commuted to 23 months because the trustees of the school believed that he "had impressed the Trustees with his temperament, job skills and his personal desire to live a productive life during his nearly two years there."

He died in 1991 at the age 78 and was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in 1993.

Walter Collins (September 23, 1918 – c. 1928)

Nine-year-old Walter Collins was abducted from his home in Lincoln Heights, Los Angeles, on March 10, 1928.

Initially, his mother, Christine Collins, and the police believed that enemies of Walter Collins Sr. had abducted Walter. Walter Collins Sr. had been convicted of eight armed robberies and was an inmate of Folsom State Prison.

Walter Collins' disappearance received nationwide attention and the Los Angeles Police Department followed up hundreds of leads without success. The police faced negative publicity and increasing public pressure to solve the case,.

Five months after Walter's disappearance, a boy claiming to be Walter was found in DeKalb, Illinois. Letters and photographs were exchanged before Walter's mother, Christine Collins, paid for the boy to be brought to Los Angeles. A public reunion was organized by the police, who hoped to negate the bad publicity they had received for their failure to solve this case and others. The police also hoped that the uplifting story would deflect attention from a series of corruption scandals that had sullied the department's reputation. At the reunion, Christine stated that the boy was not her son, Walter. She was told by the officer in charge of the case, police Captain J.J. Jones, to take the boy home to "try him out for a couple of weeks." Christine agreed to do this.

Three weeks later, Christine returned to see Captain Jones and persisted in her claim that the boy was not Walter. Even though she had dental records proving it, Jones had her committed to the psychiatric ward at Los Angeles County Hospital under a "Code 12" — a term used to jail or commit someone who was deemed difficult or inconvenient.

During Christine's incarceration, Jones questioned the boy, who admitted to being 12-year-old Arthur Hutchins Jr., a runaway from Illinois but originally from Iowa. A drifter at a roadside café in Illinois had told Hutchins of his resemblance to the missing Walter, so Hutchins came up with a plan to impersonate him. His motive was to get to Hollywood so that he could meet his favorite actor, Tom Mix.

Christine was released ten days after Hutchins admitted that he was not her son. She then filed a lawsuit against the Los Angeles Police Department

On September 13, 1930, Christine won a lawsuit against Jones and was awarded $10,800 (approximately $154,000 in 2014 dollars), which Jones never paid. The last newspaper account of Christine is from 1941, when she attempted to collect a $15,562 judgment against Captain Jones (who was by then retired) in the Superior Court.

Christine became hopeful that her son Walter might still be alive after her first interview with Gordon Stewart Northcott. She asked Northcott if he had killed her son, and after listening to his repeated lies, confessions, and recantations, she concluded that Northcott was insane. Because Northcott did not seem to know whether he had even met Walter, much less killed him, she clung to the hope that he was still alive.

Northcott sent Christine a telegram shortly before his execution, saying he had lied when he denied that Walter was among his victims. He promised to tell the truth, if she came in person to hear it. Just a few hours before the execution, Christine visited him. But, upon her arrival, Northcott balked. "I don't want to see you," he said when she confronted him. "I don't know anything about it. I'm innocent."

A news account said, "The distraught woman was outraged by Northcott's conduct. . .but was also comforted by it. Northcott's ambiguous replies and his seeming refusal to remember such details as Walter's clothing and the color of his eyes gave her continued hope that her son still lived."

Lewis and Nelson Winslow

Lewis, aged 12, and Nelson, aged 10, were the sons of Mr. and Mrs. Nelson Winslow Sr. They were abducted on May 16, 1928, from Pomona, California. Northcott was convicted of kidnapping and killing them.

The boys' father led a lynch mob with the intent of hanging Northcott after the completion of his trial, but before his sentencing. Police convinced the mob to disband.

Arthur J. Hutchins Jr., the imposter

In 1933, Arthur J. Hutchins Jr. wrote about how and why he impersonated the missing boy, Walter Collins. Hutchins' biological mother had died in 1925 when he was 9 years old, and he had been living with his stepmother, Violet Hutchins.

Hutchins pretended to be Walter Collins to get as far away as possible from his stepmother. After living on the road for a month, he arrived in DeKalb, Illinois. When police brought him in, they began to ask him questions about Walter Collins. Originally, he stated that he did not know about Walter but changed his story when he saw a chance of getting to California.

He died of a blood clot in 1954 at the age of 38, leaving behind a wife and a young daughter, Carol.

In 2008 Carol Hutchins said, "My dad was full of adventure. In my mind, he could do no wrong."

Rev. Gustav Briegleb

Briegleb was a Presbyterian minister and an early radio evangelist. He was the pastor of St. Paul's Presbyterian Church on Jefferson Boulevard at Third Avenue in Los Angeles, California.

He took up many important causes in the City of Los Angeles in the 1920s and 1930s, most notably the poor handling of the Walter Collins kidnapping case in 1928. He fought to have Christine Collins released from a mental hospital after she was committed there in retaliation for disagreeing with the Los Angeles Police Department's version of events.

He died at the age of 61.

The boy who came forward

In 1935, five years after Northcott's execution, a boy and his parents came forward and spoke to authorities. Seven years earlier, the boy had gone missing, and the parents reported his disappearance to the police. At the time of the boy's disappearance, authorities speculated that he might have been a murder victim at Wineville.

However, Sanford Clark never told authorities that a boy had escaped from the chicken coop. The historical record and Sanford Clark's own testimony indicate that only three boys were ever held in the chicken coop. These were Walter Collins and the two Winslow brothers, all of whom were murdered.

Popular culture

• The 2008 film Changeling, starring John Malkovich and Angelina Jolie, is very loosely based upon the story of Christine Collins and her son Walter, who were involved in the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders.
• "The Big Imposter" — episode #104 of the radio series Dragnet — was based upon these events. It aired on June 7, 1951. When the series was moved to television, the radio script was made into a teleplay. It aired on December 4, 1952.
• The Criminal Minds episode "Haunted" (season 5, episode 2) borrowed much of its plot from the Wineville murders.
• In the "Evil Kin" series on Investigation Discovery, season 3, episode 12, "Body Farm" is based upon the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders.
• These murders are referred to in the television series American Horror Story: Hotel.

See also

• List of murdered American children

External links

• Northcott A collection of 121 photographs associated with the Wineville case in the Los Angeles Public Library.
• Riverside Public Library, Northcott Murders: James Jeffrey Paul’s Research Materials. A collection of materials donated by James Jeffrey Paul, which were used in the research for his book, Nothing is Strange with You: The Life and Crimes of Gordon Stewart Northcott.
• Wineville Chicken Coop Murders at Crime Museum
• Rev. Gustav Briegleb at Findagrave.com
• Gordon Stewart Northcott at Findagrave.com