LESSON 11

Linear Static Analysis of a Solid Lug

T 1 R Z

Y X Z

Objectives:
s Create a geometrical representation of a cantilever lug. s Use the geometry model to dene a MSC/NASTRAN analysis model comprised of CHEXA elements. s Dene nonuniform loads using Fields. s Prepare a MSC/NASTRAN input le for a Linear Static analysis. s Visualize analysis results.

MSC/NASTRAN 120 Exercise Workbook - Version 70 (MSC/PATRAN 7.5)

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MSC/NASTRAN 120 Exercise Workbook - Version 70 (MSC/PATRAN 7.5)

LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

Model Description:
Shown below is a geometric representation of the lug shown on Page 11-1. Also shown are the two pin-bearing load scenarios that will be considered. The lug is to be constrained at its base with a cantilever xity.

I.R.=2.5 10 T 1 R Z O.R.=5.0 10

Y X Z 1

2.5

Elastic Modulus: Poisson Ratio: Density:

1.03E7 psi 0.33 0.101 lb/in3

Axial Pin-Bearing

Transverse Pin-Bearing

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Suggested Exercise Steps:

s Open a new database. s Play a provided session le to generate the geometric representation of the lug model. s Create a local Cylindrical Coordinate system at the center of the lug hole such that its Z-axis is parallel with that of the Global Z-axis and the R-axis is parallel to the Global X-axis. s Mesh the geometry model with solid elements (CHEXA). Use the meshing feature so that elements and nodes (GRID) will be generated automatically by MSC/PATRAN s Dene material property (MAT1) and solid (PSOLID) properties. s Dene boundary constraints (SPC1) and apply a pressure load to the plate (PLOAD4). s Use the load and boundary sets to dene two separate load cases (SUBCASE). s Prepare the model for a Linear Static analysis (SOL 101 and PARAMs). s Generate and submit an input le to the MSC/NASTRAN solver. s Post-process results. s Quit MSC/PATRAN.

Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database named lesson11.db.

File/New... New Database Name: OK In the New Model Preference form set the following: Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type:
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lesson11

x Default
MSC/NASTRAN Structural

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

OK 2. Play the session le nas120ex11_geom.ses to generate a geometry model to represent the lug.

File/Session/Play... Play from le: Apply Show all entity labels by selecting the Show Labels icon on the Top Menu Bar Show Labels The solid model should appear as follows: nas120ex11_geom.ses

6 44 3 3 3 22 11 2 10 43 1 4 5 41 10 6 42 55 5

7 9 8 6

Y X Z

3.

Use points 41, 42, and 43 to create a cylindrical coordinate system.

x Geometry

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Action: Object: Method: Type:

Create Coord Axis Cylindrical

t Auto Execute
Origin: Point on Axis 1: Point on Axis 2: Apply Your display should appear as follows: Point 41 Point 42 Point 43

6 44 5 3 22 11 10 43 2 T 4 1 6 R 42 Z 10 55

33

5 41 1 2

7 9 8 6

Y X Z

4.

Hide all entity labels by selecting the Hide Labels icon on the Top Menu Bar Hide Labels

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

5. Plant Mesh Seeds along the applicable edges of the solids before meshing the geometry model. These seeds will control the element size during the mesh operation. Note: these seeds have precedence over the Global Edge Length parameter in the Create/Mesh Seed form.

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Number: 1 Create Mesh Seed Uniform

t Auto Execute
Curve List: Apply The previous operation planted mesh seeds such that only one layer of elements will be generated through the thickness. Repeat this operation adjusting the Number and the Curve accordingly such that you have 6 elements along the longest edge and 3 elements along the remaining applicable edges. Once completed, refer to the following gure: Solid 1.2.1

Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply

6 Solid 1.3.3

3 Solid 2.3.3

3 Solid 2.2.2

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Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply Number: Curve List: Apply

3 Solid 3.6.2

3 Solid 4.6.2

3 Solid 5.4.3

3 Solid 10.2.2

3 Solid 9.2.2

3 Solid 8.6.3

3 Solid 7.4.3

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

The display should appear as follows:

T 1 R Z

Y X Z

5a.

Now the model is ready for Meshing. Generate an analysis model by meshing the geometry model with Hex8 solid elements.

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length: Mesher: Element Topology: 1 Create Mesh Solid

x IsoMesh
Hex8

Solid List: Apply

Solid 1:10

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To make your nodes more visible, increase the node display size using Display/Finite Elements... Display/Finite Elements... Node Size: Apply Cancel 5b. Next, equivalence the model to remove duplicate nodes existing at common edges. 5

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Method: Apply The resulting model is shown below: Equivalence All Tolerance Cube

T 1 R Z

Y X Z

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

6. Erase all the FEM using the Display/Plot/Erase... option. We do this for clarity because the next few operations will involve generating element properties which will be applied to the geometry model.

Note: Erasing entities merely removes them from the display. They still retain membership to the current group. Display/Plot/Erase... Erase All FEM OK Refresh the screen as needed using the brush icon on the Top Menu Bar. Refresh Graphics

7.

Dene a material using the specied modulus of elasticity, Poisson ratio and density

x Materials
Action: Object: Method: Material Name: Input Properties... Constitutive Model: Elastic Modulus = Poisson Ratio = Density = Apply Linear Elastic 10.3e6 0.33 0.101 Create Isotropic Manual Input aluminum

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The Current Constitutive Models form should appear as below: Linear Elastic - [,,,,] - [Active]

Cancel 8. Dene element properties for the analysis model. Here is where you reference the material you dened in the previous operation.

x Properties
Action: Object: Type: Property Set Name: Input Properties... Material Name: OK Select Members: Add Apply 9. Apply a cantilever xity to the base of the geometry model. Recall that solid elements have only translational degrees of freedom by nature of their formulation. Hence, it is sufcient to omit rotational constraints for this boundary condition. Solid 1:10 m:aluminum Create 3D Solid lug_property

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Method: New Set Name: Input Data...
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Create Displacement Nodal xed

LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

Translation <T1 T2 T3> OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select Geometry Entities: Add OK Apply <0, 0, 0>

x Geometry
Solid 1.1 6.3

The model should appear as follows:

123 123

T
1

R Z

123 123 Y X 123 Z 123

10.

Activate the labels for the solid geometry and set the view to default_view.

Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Entity Type Colors and Labels: Solid:

s Label
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Apply Cancel

Viewing/Named View Options... Select Named View: Close Reset the display by selecting the broom icon on the Top Menu Bar. Reset Graphics 11. Now dene the loads that will be applied to our lug model. default_view

11a. To create the axial pin-bearing load, we will focus on the specic region of the geometry model where the load will be applied. To do this, create a new group with members from the specied solid entities. Group/Create... New Group Name: axial_load

s Make Current s Unpost All Other Groups

Group Contents: Entity Selection: Apply Cancel 11b. Create a spatial eld to dene the sinusoidal bearing pressure load caused by an axial load against the inner surface of the lug hole. Notice that this eld is referencing the local cylindrical coordinate system created in Step 3. Add Entity Selection Solid 4 5 9 10

x Fields
Action: Create

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

Object: Method: Field Name: Coordinate System: Scalar Function (R,T,Z)
Apply

Spatial PCL Function axial_sin_eld Coord 1 700. * cosr (T)

11c. Before generating the axial pin-bearing load, change the length of the display vectors to be scaled relative to your screen for clarity. Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Vectors/Filters... Vector Control: Apply Cancel Cancel 11d. Using the spatial eld created in Step 11b, generate the axial bearing load.

x Scaled - Screen Relative

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name: Target Element Type: Input Data... Pressure: OK
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Create Pressure Element Uniform axial_loading 3D

f:axial_sin_eld

Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select Solid Faces: Add OK Apply Viewing/Fit View

x Geometry
Solid 4:5.4 9:10.2

The pressure load as applied to the geometry model should appear as follows:

4 .0000

5 495.0

1 2 Z

R 700.0

495.0 10

.0000 9 Y Z X

11e. Create a new group called fem_only that consists of all entities of the analysis model. Change the view to get a better view of the model. Group/Create... New Group Name:
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fem_only

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

s Make Current s Unpost All Other Groups
Group Contents: Apply Cancel Add All FEM

For clarity, change the model perspective using: Viewing/Angles... Method: Angles: Apply Cancel 11f. Also for clarity, you may wish to disable the display of Functional Assignment values for your vectors. You do this by: Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Vectors/Filters...

x Model Absolute
23, 34, 0

u Show LBC/El. Prop. Values

Apply Cancel 11g. Since the previous load set was applied to the geometry model, the display of the load set will only appear on the geometry model. This can be changed using Display/Load/ BC/Elem.Props... option. Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props...

s Show on FEM Only s Show LBC/El. Prop. Vectors

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Apply Cancel 11h. Plot the Loads/BCs markers and post them to the current group.

x Loads/BCs
Action: Plot Markers

Select the Displ_xed and Press_axial_loading sets in the Assigned Load/BC Sets box by highlighting them. Post the markers fem_only onto the current group fem_only. Assigned Load/BCs Sets: Press_axial_loading Displ_xed Select Groups: Apply Your model should appear as follows: fem_only

T 1 R Z

Y X Z

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

11i. Create a loadcase which references both the displacement boundary condition and the axial pin-bearing load.

x Load Cases
Action: Load Case Name: Load Case Type: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs (Click each selection until all Loads/BCs have an entry in the window)* * REMINDER: Displ_xed Press_axial_loading Create axial_load Static

Make sure that the LBC Scale Factor column shows the proper value for each entry.

OK Apply 12. Create a second load case which references the Displ_xed and the Press_transverse_loading load and boundary sets.

x Load Cases
Action: Load Case Name: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs Remove Selected Rows Assigned Load/BCs Sets: OK Apply NOTE: When you create this second load case, the Make Current toggle on the Load Cases form should be active. The signicance of this toggle is that when you dene your transverse pin-bearing pressure load set in the Load/BCs form in the following steps, it will be assigned to the current load case.
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Create transverse_load

Displ_xed

12a. Next, we dene the transverse pin-bearing load. Change your view to default_view and turn on the element labels using Display/Finite Elements... option. Create a new group called transverse_load that includes only the elements adjacent to the lower half of the hole. Viewing/NamedView Options Select Named View: Close Display/Finite Elements... Colors and Labels: (Scroll Down) Hex: Apply Cancel Group/Create... New Group Name: transverse_load default_view

s Label

s Make Current s Unpost All Other Groups

Group Contents: Entity Selection:
Add Entity Selection

Elm 79 80 81:93:3 96 99:108:3

Apply Cancel 12b. Create a spatial eld to dene a sinusoidal pin-bearing pressure distribution caused by a transverse load against the inner surface of the lug hole.

x Fields
Action: Object: Method:
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Create Spatial PCL Function

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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

Field Name: Scalar Function (R,T,Z) Apply 12c. Enable the display of vector values using Display/Load/ BC/Elem. Props... option. Create a new pressure load set, only this time, apply it to the analysis model instead of the geometry model. Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Vectors/Filters... transverse_sin_eld -100. * sinr (T)

s Show LBC/El. Prop. Values

Apply Cancel Cancel

x Load/BCs
Action: Object: Method: New Set Name: Target Element Type: Input Data... Pressure: OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select 3D Element Faces: Add OK
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Create Pressure Element Uniform transverse_loading 3D

f:transverse_sin_eld

x FEM
Elm 79:81.2 84:108:3.4

MSC/NASTRAN 120 Exercise Workbook - Version 70 (MSC/PATRAN 7.5)

Apply Viewing/Fit View

Your display should appear as follows:

T 1 Z
13.05

R
13.05 38.27

79
38.27

102 105

80 81

60.88 79.34 99.14 92.39 99.14

60.88 79.34 92.39

108

90 87 Y Z X 84 99

93 96

12d. Turn off the element labels using Display/Entity Color/ Label/Render... option and the vector values using Display/ Load/BC/Elem. Props... Change your view to 23, 34, 0 degrees using the Viewing/Angles... option. Post only the group fem_only on the viewport using the Group/Post... option. Group/Post... Select Groups to Post: Apply Cancel Viewing/Angles... Method: Angles: Apply Cancel
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fem_only

x Model Absolute
23, 34, 0

LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

Your model should appear as follows:

T 1 R Z

Y X Z

13.

Now you are ready to generate an input le for analysis.

Click on the Analysis radio button on the Top Menu Bar and complete the entries as shown here.

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Job Name: Translation Parameters... OUTPUT2 Format: MSC/NASTRAN Version: OK Solution Type... Solution Type: Binary set accordingly, here it is 70 Analyze Entire Model Analysis Deck solid_lug

x Linear Static

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Solution Parameters...

s Database Run s Automatic Constraints

Data Deck Echo: Wt.- Mass Conversion = OK OK Subcase Select... Subcases For Solution Sequence: Subcases Selected: OK Apply An input le named solid_lug.bdf will be generated. The process of translating your model into an input le is called the Forward Translation. The Forward Translation is complete when the Heartbeat turns green. 14. If all is well, you will then submit the input le to MSC/ NASTRAN for analysis. To do this, nd an available xterm window and at the prompt enter: axial_load transverse_load Default (Click on this to deselect) Sorted 0.00259 (for English units)

nastran solid_lug.bdf scr=yes Monitor the run using the UNIX ps command. 14a. When the run is completed, edit the solid_lug.f06 le and search for the word FATAL. If none exists, search for the word WARNING. Determine whether or not existing WARNING messages indicate modeling errors. 14b. While still editing solid_lug.f06, search for the word: DISPLACEMENTS What are the components of the maximum displacement vector for SUBCASE 1 (translation only)? disp X =
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LESSON 11

Solid Lug (Sol 101)

disp Y = disp Z =

What are the components of the maximum displacement vector for SUBCASE 2 (translation only)? disp X = disp Y = disp Z =

Search for the word: S T R E S S (spaces are necessary) What are the centroidal Von Mises stresses for CHEXA 9? SUBCASE 1: SUBCASE 2: 15. stress = stress =

Proceed with the Reverse Translation process, that is, importing the solid_lug.op2 results le into MSC/ PATRAN. To do this, return to the Analysis form and proceed as follows:

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Select Results File... Read Output2 Result Entities Translate

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Filter Selected Results File: OK Apply When translation is complete and the Heartbeat turns green, bring up the Results form. x Results Action: Object: Create Quick Plot
select the desired .op2 le

Choose the desired result case in the Select Result Cases list and select the result(s) in the Select Fringe Result list and/or in the Select Deformation Result list. And hit Apply to view the result(s) in the viewport. If you wish to reset your display graphics to the state it was in before you began post-processing your model, remember to select the broom icon. Reset Graphics Quit MSC/PATRAN when you have completed this exercise.

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