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OD;&JxGef; 71 cka&mufvm+yD; &Srf;jynfawmifydkif;udk jyefqif;oGm;w,f? 'kwd,tokwf a&mufvmawmh/ &Jabmf r=unfav;[m &JabmfaiGtjzpfe@J ygvm ygw,f? 'ghjyifol@ukd rHk*la'orSm (,m,D)aezkd@ ygwDA[kdu wm0efay;ygw,f? 'Dumv u oHvGiftaemufjcrf; ne=f um;a&;tzG@J udk u|ea f wmf wm0efc& H ygw,f? 'ga=umifh ESpa f ygi;f 20 avmuf Armjynf awmfve Sa f &; vufawG@ b0tajctae t&yf&yfudk &JabmfaiGxHrS tawmfyif pHkpHkvifvif od&ygw,f? &efol@xkd;ppf t}udrf}udrf }uHK&wmawG/ A[kdtajccHa'o a&$@ajymif;&wm awG/ usqHk;oGm;wJh acgif;aqmifrsm; ta=umif;awG =um;od&wJhtjyif 1955 - 56 umvrSm acgif;aqmifrsm;/ au'grsm;&J@ tdrfaxmifawGukd +rdK@ay:jyefoGm;ckdif;wJh ta=umif; =um;&awmh tawmfyif &ifeifhp&m tjzpftysufawG ygvmygw,f? awmf vSefa&; tusumvrSm trsdK;orD;rsm;/ uav;rsm;[m ykd+yD;'kuQ a&muf=u &ygw,f? 0rf;enf;zG,fyg? Oyrm - trsdK;orD;rsm;/ uav;rsm;ukd +rdK@jyefydk@awmh &efoltkyf pkd;wJha'o jyef=u&+yD; pm;a&;aea&;uvnf;cuf/ &efoluvnf; ppfa=um ar;jref;/ +cdrf;ajcmufwmawGvnf;cH&/ rsufESmi,fb0 a&muf=u&yHkawG =um;od& ygw,f? 'Dvkd 'kuQrsdK; u|efawmf r}uHKbl;yg? wu,fyif pdwfraumif;zG,fyg? u|efawmf awmfvSefa&;tusumv &Snf=umwJhtcg }uHK&wJh tEW&m,f trsdK;rsdK;/ qif;&J'kuQtrsdK;rsdK; ygwDwGif;wkdufyGr J Sm }uHK&wJh 'kuQtrsdK;rsdK;ta=umif; wyfr [m 2 rSm&SdwhJ au'gawGukd &Sif;jyygw,f? tJ'DaqG;aEG;yG[ J m wu,fyif touf0if vSygw,f? aqG;aEG;yGJ yg0ifol tm;vHk;[m wdwfqdwf+yD; rsufESmawG[m wnf=unf 0if;vufvmw,f? 'Dtcg wyfr[m EkdifiH a&;r; &Jabmftifzef;u tcuftcJ ausme f if; vmwJh &Jabmfrsm;ukd avhvm=u m=uvk@d au;a=umfawmh &Jabmftm;vH;k u avhvm =u twk,=l u uvk@d oH+ydKifau;a=umf=uw,f? (tck 'Dbufudk a&mufvm=uwJh &Jabmf awG[m qefcgwifawGv@dk jznfq h u G a f jymjyawmh bmomjyef&a J bmf tcuf}uHKoGm;vk@d u|ea f wmfu wvef@axmifpm;qkdwhJ wkwfa0g[m&ukd ajym+yD; &Sif;jycJh&wmukdvnf; rSwfrdaew,f)? awmfvSefa&;orkdif; ynmay;a&;[m tvGefyif ta&;}uD;ygw,f? awmfvSef a&; wuf&if rdrdwyfzG@J xr J Sm rme}uD;wwfwmawG/ au'gwcsdK@ ysufpD;wmawG &Sdwwf+yD;/ awmfvSefa&; uswhJtcg wyfajy;awG/ vufeufcsawG/ wcsdK@ opPmazmuf awGtxd ay:wwfw,f? trsm;tjym;[m pdwf"mwfuswmawGtxd jzpfwwfw,f? ynmay;a&; tm;pkduf=u&ygw,f? &JabmfaiGukdvnf; 1974 ckESpfxr J Sm e,fpyf&SdwhJ vlenf;pk trsdK;om;awG twGif;&Sd trsdK;orD;b0[m vlrsdK;}uD;a'o rSmxuf "avha[mif;/ tpOftvma[mif; '%fawG cH&wmukd u|ea f wmf &Si;f jyzl;w,f? trsKd ;orD;rsm;[m tz}uD;pk;d wJp h epf/ a,mufsm;}uD;0g'/ usm;r wef;rwlr_rsm;ukd cH=u&wm wlygw,f? 'gayr,fh tpOf tvma[mif;/ "avhqkd;awG[m ykdygw,f? vlenf;pktrsdK;om;rsm;twGif; trsdK; orD;rsm;&J@b0[m a,mufsm;rsm;eJ@ wef;wltcGifhta&; &zkd@qkd&if tvkyform; vlwef;pm; tm%m&+yD;awmif ESpfaygif;&meJ@csD+yD; *kpkduf ynmay;wm/ Oya'xkww f m (vlxv k y _ & f m S ;r_ vkyw f m) awG &Sz d @dk vt dk yfygw,f? 'DupPawGudk &JabmfaiGudk *kpu dk f &Si;f jycJ& h wmuawmh ol[m trsdK;orD;b0 vGwfajrmufa&; tawG@t}uHKvnf;&Sd/ pdwf0ifpm;r_vnf; }uD;wma=umifh ygy? J &JabmfaiG[m e,fpyfa'o a&muf+yD; aq;ynmoif+yD;aemuf A[kd&J@ cef@cGJr_ t& ta&S@ajrmuf ppfa'o aq;Hk}uD;rSm 'kEkdifiHa&;r;wm0ef ,lygw,f? tckdiftrm wm0efcef@cGo J lu u|efawmfyg? ole@J twl wm0efcHvkyfwhJ yxr EkdifiH a&;r;u &Jabmf avmif;arsmf (wkwfemrnf avmfuGrf;rH)yg? 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Armpum; aygufolu tenf; pkyg? 'ga=umifh *kd%f;*%0g' qef@usifa&; vlrsdK;pHk0g'ynmay;a&;[m tcuf tcJawG wkd;&ygw,f? 'g[m a&&Snf ynmay;&r,fh tajctaeyg? ta&S@ajrmuf ppfa'o aq;Hk[m vlrsdK;aygif;pHkrS &Jabmfrsm;ukd aq;uko &wmomru vlrsdK;aygif;pHk &Jabmfrsm;( &J abmfrrsm;)ukd aq;ynm oifay;wJh vufawG@ ausmif;}uD; wrsdK;vnf; jzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh 1977 ckESpfup+yD; u|efawmft+rJ *kpkdufwhJ Xmewckvnf; jzpfygw,f? 'Daq;Hk}uD;[m wkdufyG}J uD;awGrSm ta&;ygwhJ tiftm; jzpfHkru aq;ynmonf trsm;tjym; arG;xkwfay;wJh ae&mvnf; jzpfyg w,f? &JabmfaiG[m tJ'DrSm tcsdefawmfawmf=um wm0ef,lvkyfukdifchJ&wJh olyg? &JabmfaiG[m e,fpyfa'o a&muf+yD;aemuf A[kdjynfol@obiftzGJ@}uD;&J@ tpOftvmaumif;awG/ tawG@t}uHK awGukdvnf; o,f , l v m+yD ; jzef @ csd o l / uk d , f w k d i f (tEk y nm) ujyazsmf a jzol v nf ; vk y f c J h w ,f ? tEk y nmobif v_ y f & S m ;r_ r S m vnf ; Arm jynfuGefjrLepfygwDtwGuf tm;xm;&wJh &JabmfwOD; jzpfchJygw,f? &JabmfaiG a&mufvm+yD;aemuf tajctaeay;wkdif; (tcsdef&wkdif;) usqHk;wJh acgif;aqmifrsm; ta=umif; ar;jref;od&Sd&ygw,f? vuf&Sd touf&SifaeolawG[m rdrd wkd@ odchJor# tmZmenf &Jabmfrsm;ta=umif; rSwfwrf;rsm; (twkd csKyfjzpfap) jyKpk+yD; tzG@J tpnf;xH ykd@oifhygw,f? ed*Hk;taeeJ@ a&;vkdwmuawmh (&JabmfaiG a&;wJh tk%fOD; c&D;onf ukd bwf+yD;aemuf u|efawmf rSwfcsufay; vkdwmuawmh) pma&;&if vlr_avmu"HawG a&;wmjzpfjzpf/ EkdfifiHa&; avmu"HawGukd a&;wmjzpfjzpf rmuhfpf0g'DawG&J@ tajccH vrf;nefuawmh wu,fhjzpf&yfrSefawGukd okyfazmf&r,f? tem*wftwGuf vrf;nefrSefawG(cHpm;) &&Sdap&r,fqdkwhJrl 2 &yfe@J pHxkd;&r,f? 'DpH 2 &yfe@J ol a&;wmawG[m ukdufnDygw,f? u|ea f wmf xyfra H r#mv f ifw h muawmh &Jabmfaumif;rsm;/ acgi;f aqmifaumif; rsm;ta=umif; xdawGco hJ r# xyfrH a&;om; oGm;Eki dz f @dk ygy? J u|efawmfwkd@u EkdifiHa&; avmu"HawGukd a&;wJh &nf&G,fcsuf[m awmfvSef a&; taumif;jrif0g'ukd jzef@csdzkd@ygyJ? orkdif;u oifcef;pmawGukdvnf; aemifvm aemuf om;rsm;twGuf vrf;nefrSefawG &&Sdzkd@ oifhawmfpGm wifjyoifhygw,f? Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD t"Gef@&Snfygap? ? ` &Jabmfcspfodef;(&Jabmfpkd;odrf;)

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14

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[kdrSmjrifvm;? tdrf }uD;(wac:avmufa0;wJh ae&mu oGyfrkd;tdrf}uD;ukd vufndK;xkd;jy&if;) tJ'Dtdrf}uD; [m +rdK@ay:u ysOf;rem;+rdK@u olaX;OD;&efatmif(ukvm;vlrsKd;)&J@tdrf}uD;yJ? tJ'D olaX;rdom;pk pm;zkd@pkduf xm;wmav tarh 'Dpyg;cif;}uD;u tJ'DolaX;}uD;rdom;pk ukd,fwkdif vmpkdufxm;wm vm; [if tar}uD;u toHxGufatmif &,fvkdufw,f? +yD;awmhrSquf+yD; b,fu vm pkduf&rSmvJ at? ighorD;uvnf; olaX;ygqkdae? wkd@qif; &Jom;awGuyJ tpu tqHk; pyg;ukd pyg;usDxt J a&muf oGif;ay;/ vkyfay; &wm ayghath u|efr[m tar}uD;ajymwmawGukd em;axmif&if; &ifxJrSmwrsKd;}uD; cHpm; &ygw,f? tJ'Dqif;&Jom;qkdwJh v,form;awGukd pmemovkdvkd cHpm;&ygw,f? a=omf ukd,fpkdufwhJ pyg;awmif ukd,frpm;&bl;vkd@y? J jzpfrSjzpf&av tarh tJ'Dqif;&Jom;awGu ukd,fpkdufay;wJh pyg;av;awmif ukd,frpm; &bl;qkd rpkdufay;eJ@aygh? 'DvkdyJ aeaygh a=omf ighajr;av;u em;rSrvnfyu J kd; uG@J ? wkd@qif;&Jom;awGu rvkyf ay;yJae&if b,fuvm aiG&awmhrvJ? tJ'Dvkd aiGr&&if qefwkd@/ qDwkd@/ qm;wkd@ bmeJ@oGm;0,frvJ? +yD;awmh t0wftxnf 0,fzkd@aum a=omf-'Dvq dk a dk wmh [kwa f yom;yJ? tar}u;D u pum;ukd c%jzwfxm; vku d & f if; ab;ywf0ef;usiu f dk vku d =f unfa h e ygw,f? +y;D awmhrS [kr dm S =unfa h v iga h jr;av; jrifw,f r[kwv f m;/ }uHcif;awGav? b,favmufrsm;vJ? 'gawGtm;vH;k [m 'Doa l X;}uD;yJyi dk w f myJ [kwfw,ftarh 'DolaX;}uD;u odyfqkd;w,f? }uHwacsmif;csKd;&if '%faiG 5usyfwJh? rae@u acsmif;ua&csKd;+yD;tjyef u|efr }uHpm;csifw,fqkdvkd@ rraxG;(a'G;av; ti,fqHk;yg? 'ga=umifh a'G;av;rac:bJ rraxG;vkd@ac:&ygw,f)ukd ylqmawmh aeOD;ath-vljywfrS ckd;csKd;ay;r,f? vlrdoGm;vkd@ oGm;wkdif&if/ nnf;}uHwacsmif; aiG 5usyf-awmh 'geJ@yJ u|efrvnf; rpm;&awmhygbl;? trav; ighajr;&,f? olaX;qkdtm;vHk; twlwlygy? J 'DolaX;rS ykdqkd;wm r[kwf ygbl;uG,f xkdtckduf tdrf}uD;bufu tvkyform;(&Gmom;) av;-ig;a,muf &Gmbuf ukd jyefoGm;=uwmukd awG@vkduf&awmhtarh [kr dm S =unfy h gO;D ? }u}H uw d z fu dk vlawG wqki d ;f (}u}H uw d z fw dk i G f }uw d f olu}uw d /f rD;xk;d oluxk;d / csuo f u l csu/f tvkyw f v JG y k& f wJh tzG@J ukd wqkdif;[k ac:yg w,f)awmif jyefoGm;+yD? 'D&Gmu vlawGtm;vHk;[m 'DolaX;}uD;&J@ }udwfzkd}uD;rSmyJ tm;vHk; tvkyfvkyf=u&w,faemf tarh 'gaygh ighajr;&J@? nnf;wkd@ OD;av;}uD;tyg 'Dw&GmmvHk;[m 'DolaX;}uD;ukd rSDckdvkyfukdif pm;aomufae&wm [kwy f gw,f? w&GmvH;k [m 'Doa l X;}u;D uky d J rDc Sv dk y ku f i dk p f m;aomufae =u&wm? rk;d wGi;f qkv d nf; 'Doa l X;}u;D &J@v,frm S vky/f rk;d ukea f wmh 'DolaX;}uD;&J@ }uH cif;awGrSm? tJ'Du+yD;awmh 'D}uH}udwfzkd}uD;rSm u|efr[m olaX;&J@ tdrf}uD;ab;u w *sKef;*sKef; eJ@jrnf+yD; rD;ckd;aiG@awG wvlvlxGufaewJh }uH}udwfzkd}uD;ukd vSrf;=unfh&if; eJ@tarh 'Dm G u vltm;vH;k [m wESpy f wfv;kH 'Doa l X;}uD;&J@ tvkya f wGuy dk J vkya f e&wJh v,fuv l a D wGya J emf? [kd [kd wrsK;d ajym&if 'DolaX;}uD;&J@ u|efawGya J emf [kwfwmaygh ighajr;av;&,f? [kd; t&ifwkef;uawmh 'D&Gmu vlawGGtm;vHk;[m v,fykdif,mykdifawGtjzpfeJ@ aecJh=uwm? aysmfp&m}uD;yJayghat? tar}uD; u awmifbufukd vufnKd;xkd;jyvkduf&if; [kd; rSm=unfhighajr;av;? [kdv,fxdyfrSm refusnf;yif ESpfyif jrifw,f r[kwfvm;at? tJ'g tar}uD;wkd@v,fy? J tJ'Drefusnf; ESpfyif[m ighajr;&J@bkd;bkd;/ OD;zkd;om ukd,fwkdif pkdufchJwmayghat&,f [if tarh/ tJ'g tarwkd@v,f [kwfvm;? tckaum tarhv,fyJ r_wfzl;vm;? tJ'Dbkd;bdk;}uD;uaum b,frSmvJu|efr[m ukd,fodcsifwmawGu rsm; wma=umifh woD}uD; ar;vkdufygw,f? at;-[kwfwmayghighajr;&,f? [kwforS tar}uD;wkd@v,frS tppfaygh? tar}uD;&,f/ bkd;bdk;}uD;&,f ukd,fwkdif"m;rOD;cs ckwf+yD; wkd;xm;/ xGefxm;wJh v,fopf ayghath? t&ifu 'DDae&m[m awmkdif;}uD;aygh? trsm;pkopfyif}uD;awGu Hk;yifawGrsm; ouG@J ? 'ga=umifh 'D&Gmukd Hk;yifaZmif;vkd@ ac:wm tarh"m;rOD;csqkdwm bmukd ajymwmvJ[if? tJ'Dbkd;bkd;}uD;uaum a=omf a=omf tJ'gvm;? "m;rOD;cs qkdwmu ukd,fukd,fwkdif awmawGukd ckwf&/ &Sif;&/ xGif&vkd@ ukd,fh&@J "m;OD;"m;oGm;[m ajray:ukdusvkd@ "m;rOD;csvkd@ac:wm ayghighajr;&,f? bkd;bkd;}uD;vm;? bkd;bkd;}uD;uawmh qHk;&Sm+yDaygh ighajr;&J@ tar}uD;&J@ toH[m aemufqHk; wdrf0if oGm;w,f? 'DtckdufrSmyJ acsmif; atmufbuf cyfvSrf;vSrf; qDu qGq J Gi J ifiife@J ulae&SmwJh csKd;uloHav;ukdvnf; =um; vkduf&w,f? u|efru tar}uD;&J@rsufESmukd armh=unfhvkdufawmh tar}uD;u rsufESm v$o J Gm;w,f? odyg+yD? u|efrvnf; tar}uD; pdwfxdckdufae&Smw,fqkdwm &dyfrdvkd@ bmrSqufrar;awmhbJ +idrfaevkdufw,f? a[m aeawmif0ifawmhr,fuGJ@? tarwkd@xif;&Sm+yD; jyef=u&atmif ajymajymqkdqkdeJ@ tar}uD;u a&S@ucsKHwef;xJu xif;ajcmufav;awGudk aumuf+yD; EG,}f udK;wacsmif; qGjJ zwf csnw f y kv f u dk w f ,f? u|er f twGuv f nf; xif;pnf;i,fav; wpnf; vky/f ygvmwJh wbufukd acgif;ckvkyfay;um u|efracgif;ay:wifvkdufw,f? usefaewJh xif;oHk;av;acsmif;ukd tar}uD;uayG@+yD; tdrfjyefvmcJhw,f?

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arar}uD; tdrfaxmifusp tcsdefwkef;uaygh ighajr;&,f tpkd;&u v,fkdif;awGukd v,fopfazmfzkd@ tm;ay;? ukvm; olaX;awGuvnf; aiGawGacs;ay;eJ@ v,form;awG aiGpav;awG&i $a f ewJt h cse d? f tJ't D cse dr fm S v,fopfw;dk zk@d pDpOf=uwJh bk;d bk;d }uD;wk@d nDtpfudk tdrfaxmifpkav;pk(bkd;bkd;}uD; ukdzkd;om/ ESpfrjzpfol rpife@J ukdzkd;armif/ nDjzpfol ukdzkd;atmif/ nD0rf;uGa J wmfol ukdzkd;vHk&,f)[m tm;vHk; vli,fv& l , G a f wG/ om;orD;uvnf; r&=uao;bJ/ tdra f xmifpa k v;pk vli,f 8 a,muf/ tm;vH;k u ysKy d sK& d , G & f , G f oefoefrmrmawG qka d wmh wufnDvufnDe@J vkyfvkduf=uwm v,fopfawGvnf; ay:vmwmaygh? tJ'Dwkef;u aysmfvkduf=uwm bmajymaumif;rvJ ighajr;&,f? 'DvkdeJ@ighajr;&,f tar}uD;wkd@rSm om;OD;av; armifzkd;OD;ukd &vmyga&m? bkd;bkd; }uD; qkdwmav ajr}uD;ay: ajcrusawmhbl;? tvkyfawGvnf; t&ifuxuf ykd}udK;pm; vkdufwm/ arm&yef;&rSef;rod jzpfaewmaygh? om;av;ukd &SifjyK&r,fqkdwJh tawG;eJ@ aysmfae&Smw,fav? tJ'Dwkef;u tar}uD;wkd@tm;vHk;[m vkyfief;awGu tqifajy awmh tcg}uD; &uf}uD;awGrSm bkef;}uD;ausmif;ukd oGm;=uw,fqkd&if bkef;}uD;ukd uef awmhzkd@ vzG,fypPnf;awG uvnf;pHk/ vl}uD;awGuvnf; 0wfaumif;pm;vSawGe@J u av;awGqkdvnf; a'gi;f b,ufcu G u f kd acgi;f pnf;}udK;teDe@J wyf+yD; qGv J @dk ayga h th? pyg;aps; uvnf;24 usya f ps;/ a&$'*Fg;wck wusyo f m;uvnf; 24 usya f ps;yJu@JG ? aemufawmh armifzkd;OD;av;[m tcgvnfausmft&G,frSmyJ qHk;oGm;&Smw,f? tar}uD;u om;orD;5a,muf xGef;um;cJhw,f? om;3a,muf/ orD;2a,muf? orD;2 a,mufyJ tzwfwifw,f? ti,fqHk; zkd;axG;av;eJ@ ol@taz[m zsm;+yD; qHk;oGm;wm/ wvyJ uGmwm ighajr;&J@? ukefvkdufwhJaiGuvnf; v,faygif&wJhtxdav? au;awG wifaevkd@ EGm;w&SOf;vnf; a&mif;vkduf&w,f? 'gayr,fh uav;a&m tazyg touf u,fvkd@ r&vkdufygbl;? tJ'Dwkef;u tar}uD;b0[m vifao/ om;qHk; ,l}uHK;r& ayghat? tarhtoufuvnf; 24 ESpf ausmfHkav; &Sdao;wm? l;rwwfygyJ ighajr; &,f? 'Dvkde@J tar}uD;vnf; rdciftkd}uD;&,f/ orD;av; 2 a,muf&,fe@J twl awmuae +rdK@ay:ukd pGef@pGef@pm;pm; wufvmwm? tJ'Dwkef;u ysOf;rem;qkdwm aps;em;w0kdufyJ pnfum;w,f? usefwhJae&mawGu awmawGy? J ysif;vkd@awmif rem;eJ@whJ? bmvkd@vnf;qkdawmh awm }uD;? iSu}f uD;vk@d iSuz f sm;u ody=f urf;w,fqy dk ? J 'ga=umifh ysO;f rem;vk@d ac:wmvk@d a&S;vl}uD;awGu ajymprSwf jyK=uw,fu@JG ? tar}uD;wk@d a&muf+yD;34 ESpfavmuf&SdrS pnfum;vmwm? +rdK@e@J wlvmcJhwm? tarvnf; [if;oD;[if;Gufuav;a&mif;vkduf/ ae@jyefwkd;,l+yD; aumuf nif;aygif;/ yJaygif;a&mif;vdkufe@J tar}uD;[m rdom;pk4 a,mufukd &SmazG au|;vmcJhwmaygh ighajr;&,f? 'Dvkd kef;&if; uef&if;eJ@ tar}uD;[m aq;vdyfcHkav; axmifw,f? tar}uD;u awma&m+rdK@yg rdwfaqGrsm;awmh awmfawmf tm;ay; =uw,fuG@J ? pD;yGm;vnf; jzpfvmw,fvkd@ qkdygpkd@ ighajr;&,f

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40

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'Dvkdtcsdef rsdK;rSmawmif igu tpfrvkyfae+yD; bmwckrS rulnDEkdifbl;? ulzkd@rqkdxm;eJ@ c%av; oGm;=unhfwmawmif r&bl;? ighuHodyfqkd;w,f? tareJ@ rtHk;cif aor,fhtpm; igt&ifaooGm;&if aumif;w,f arar[m ajym&if;qkd&if; 0rf;enf;yufvuf jzpfvm+yD; ikdaeawmh u|efrwkd@ nDtpfrvnf; 0kdif;+yD;ikd=ujyefa&m? 'gawG tm;vHk; 41

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48

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ygw,f? ae@pOf xrif;pm;+yD; wOD;csif;avhvma&; vkyf&ygw,f? wae@tenf;qHk; 1 -2 em&Dzwf&? rSwf&ygw,f? Hk;vkyfief;ukdvnf; ulnDvkyfukdif &ygw,f? pmapmifawG umAGefcH+yD; vufa&;eJ@ yGm;ay;&w,f? u|efreJ@wif 'DESpfa,mufu ae@pOfa&;&ygw,f? tifrwef ta&;}uD;wJhtcg *srf;yga&;+yD;/ enf;enf;yJvkdtyf&if *srf;u pm zwf ay;&ygw,f? nae xrif;pm;csdefusrS em;+yD; nbufqkd&if awmfvSefa&;oD csif;awG oifay;/ oDcsif;awGqkd/ u|efrwkd@ ti,fawGu u=ueJ@ aysmfp&m aumif; vSSygw,f? wif[m wcgw&H teufa&mif ,leDazmif;0wf/ a,mufsm;av;vkyf+yD; u|efrukd ol@&nf;pm;jzpfa=umif;/ 'Dn rdef;rckd;vmwmjzpfa=umif; &Dp&mawGajym wa0ga0ge@J yGu J sae wwfygw,f? tdrf&Sif OD;av;}uD;uvnf; olysif;&if wif ukd[-rkd;euf& 'Dn+iddrfvScsnfhvm;? vkyfprf;ygOD;? rif;jyZmwfuav; bmav; uprf;ygOD; tJ'Dvkdajymvmvkd@ wif[m oltysif;xlae&if yg;pyfe@J yJ vSnfhywf+yD; usrukd p, wwfygw,f? a[h-=unf rif;uawmh pm;aemufus/ oGm;aemufus/ usm;ukdufawmh olrsm;t&if qkdwm rif;yJjzpfrSmyJvkd@ajym awmh/ a':cif}uD;u[Jh-rdwif&@J pm;aemufus/ oGm;aemufus/ usm;ukdufawmhvnf; aemufus &rSmaygh? b,fhES,fa=umifh t&ifjzpf&rSmvJ [m taruvnf; tarhorD;ukd =unfa h v? aES;wk@H aES;wH@k e@J awmxJom G ;vk@d usm;awG@&if olrsm;awGuusm;a[hqu dk wnf;u ajy;=urSm? tarhorD; wa,mufwnf;yJ aES;wHk@aES;wHk@e@J usefae&pfchJrSm? tJawmh usm;u ol@rudkufvkd@ b,fol@ t&ifoGm;ukduf &OD;rSmvJ? 'ga=umifh usm;ukdufawmh olrsm;t&ifvkd@ ajymwm tif; tif; 'Dvq dk a dk wmhvnf; [kwo f [J h vk@d ajym+yD; 0ki d ;f &,f=u jyefyga&m? u|er f uvnf; u|er f ygy? J tdrr f m S rreJ@ u|er f [m qef@usifbufygy? J rr u vloGuf/ yg;pyfuvnf; oGufw,f? rr[m olajymcsif&majym+yD; olvkyfcsif&m tukef vkyfw,f? rru bmrqkd jAef;jAef;uGy J g? u|efruawmh v_yf&Sm;r_tm;vHk; aES;yg w,f? tvkyfvkyf&if aphpyf aocsmw,f? araru u|efrukd =unfh+yD;ighorD;av;[m vltkdaemufus om;usaewmyJ? aES;vkdufwm? ightouf tpdwfywf0ef;usifrSm arG; xm;wmygvkd@ c%c% ajymwwfygw,f? 'gayr,fh u|efruawmh tusifh jzpfaeyg+yD? 'DvdkeJ@ u|efrwkd@[m vkyfief;twGuf }udK;pm;avhvm&if; ara';ae@jzpfay: vmyHk? urBmhtrsdK;orD;rsm;ae@jzpfay:vmyHk/ r[m atmufwkdbm qkd&S,fvpfawmfvSef a&;ta=umif;/ k&Sm;trsdK;orD;rsm; awmfvSefa&;xJ trsdK;om;rsm;eJ@wef;wl yg0if qif E$J=uyHk/ b0vGwa f jrmufa&;twGuf uk, d u f sKd ;pGe@f +yD; b,fykH yg0ifqifE=J$ uw,f qkw d mawGudk t&ifavhvm &ygw,f? aemuf uk, d y fi dk p f mtkyx f r Jm S vnf; tJ'D ta=umif;t&m awGukd ul;a&;&ygw,f? tJ'DaemufrSm acgif;aqmifjzpfolu a[majym &Sif;vif;jywmawGvnf; &Sdygw,f? wqufwnf;rSm ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD ay:aygufvmyHk/ vufeufukdif awmfvSefa&;ae@ jzpfay:vm&yHk/ q&mpH v,form; olykefta=umif;/ wkwfjynfawmf vSefa&;ta=umif; pmtkyfawG/ wkwfjynfrS trsdK;orD; ol&Jaumif;rsm;ta=umif; pmtkyfawGvnf; zwf&avhvm &ygw,f? wcgw&H nbuf rtdyfcif pum;ajym avh usifhwhJtaeeJ@ ta=umif;t&mwckckukd a&G;ay;+yD; u|efrwkd@ti,fawGu wa,muf wvS n f h p D ajym&ygw,f ? tJ ' D v k d tcgrsd K ;rS m aysmf v nf ; tif r wef aysmf y gw,f ? pd w f x J uvnf ; wxd w f x d w f e J @ a=umufaewwfygw,f? acgif;aqmifjzpfolu tm;vHk; rSwfxm;+yD; aemufae@ae@vnfrSm b,fae&murSm;w,f/ ajymwm r&Sif;bl; pojzifh axmufjy jyifckdif;ygw,f? aemufnrSm qufajym&w,f? 'Dvkde@J wjznf;jznf; pum; ajym tavhtusifh &vmapygw,f? w&m;yG J w k d i f ; rS m vnf ; u|ef r wk d @ wuf & ygw,f ? aemuf u sawmh w&m;ra[mcif oD c sif ; awG qk d a y;&w,f ? yxqH k ; oDcsif;qkd&wJhae@ukdawmh rSwfrSwf&& &SdaeqJyg? ArmjynfvHk;qkdif&m v,form;nDvmcH wESpfajrmuf txdrf;trSwf awma&m+rdK@yg vllxkw&m;yGJ}uD; usif;y&ef nbufrSm w+rdK@vHk; v_H@aqmfa&; w&m;yGJvkyfygw,f? vkyf enf;u 'Dvkdyg? *spfum;wpD;eJ@ ckdifHk;u ckdifaumfrwDvl}uD; (OD;ausmfnGef@)/ +rdK@e,fu trsdK;orD; acgif;aqmif(rjrifhOD;)/ u|efreJ@ ckdifu &Jabmf wOD;&,f aygif; 4 a,muf yg,ygw,f? u|efru t&ifqHk; oDcsif;qkd&ygw,f? (oDcsif;qkdwJh tcg OD;ausmfnGef@u wa,mxkd; ygw,f)? 'g+yD;&if ckdifacgif;aqmif OD;ausmfnGef@u v_H@aqmfa&;w&m; a[mygw,f? +yD;awmh trsdK;orD;acgif;aqmif rjrifhOD;u qufa[mygw,f? aemufae@ vlxk w&m;yGu J kd wufa&muf&ef tao;pdwf v_H@aqmf=uwmyg? w+rdK@vHk; &yfuGufwckukd a&muf+yDqkd&if yxrqHk;u wae&mrSm um;ukd&yf/ toHcsJ@pufeJ@ oDcsif;qkd/ w&m;a[m+yD;&if aemufwae&mukd ajymif;? 'Dvkde@J u|efraecJh wJh &yfuGufxu J kd a&mufvmyg+yD? u|efrwkd@&yfuGufu r*Fvm&yfuGufyg? um;&yfvkduf wmeJ@ w+ydKifeuf uav;awG pk+yHKa&mufvm+yD; a[h-um;xJrm S rr=unfav;vnf; ygw,fa[hvk@d wk;d wk;d wrsKd ;/ us,u f s,w f rsKd ; ajymum wk;d a0S@+yD; vm=unfh=uygw,f? u|efrvnf; &Suf&SufeJ@ tcufawG@ae&ygw,f? c%aeawmh ta':}uD;2-3a,mufyg a&mufvm+yD; u|efrukd E_wq f uf=uygw,f? [Jh-t=unf wyfxJ a&mufaew,fayghaemf? at; aumif;w,f? aumif;w,f? vdrfvdrfrmrm aeaemfeJ@ tm;ay;=u ygw,f? a[m-oDcsif;qkdzkd@ tcsufjy+yD? a&S@u tawmav;awmif pae+yD? u|efr vnf; &Suf&Sufa=umufa=umufeJ@ pqkdvkdufygw,f? apmapmu qkw d mavmuf racsm awmhyg? uav;awGuawmh a[haumif;w,fa[h/ aumif;w,f[eJ@ajymaewm =um;&rS tm;wufvm+yD; &J&J qkdEkdifygawmhw,f?

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