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    AFO Biomechanics

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    Samedy Srors
    Basic biomechanics principles of ankle foot orthosis are discussed in this presentation. Weakness of muscles around ankle and subtalar joints were discussed and explain. This presentation is based on original work of David N. Condie, who is the inspiration of my interest in the field of Biomechanics.

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    AFO Biomechanics

    Uploaded by

    Samedy Srors
    5K views35 pages
    Basic biomechanics principles of ankle foot orthosis are discussed in this presentation. Weakness of muscles around ankle and subtalar joints were discussed and explain. This presentation is based on original work of David N. Condie, who is the inspiration of my interest in the field of Biomechanics.

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    AFO-Biomechanics

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    Basic biomechanics principles of ankle foot orthosis are discussed in this presentation. Weakness of muscles around ankle and subtalar joints were discussed and explain. This presentation is based on original work of David N. Condie, who is the inspiration of my interest in the field of Biomechanics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    5K views35 pages

    AFO Biomechanics

    Uploaded by

    Samedy Srors
    Basic biomechanics principles of ankle foot orthosis are discussed in this presentation. Weakness of muscles around ankle and subtalar joints were discussed and explain. This presentation is based on original work of David N. Condie, who is the inspiration of my interest in the field of Biomechanics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 35

    biomechanics

    Ankle Foot Orthotics


    Ankle Foot Orthotics
    Samedy Srors
    CPO, P&O Lecturer
    Weakness or Absence of
    Dorsiflexor
    Normal function

    ๏ Stance phase
    Control plantarflexion from HS to FF

    Swing phase

    Hold ankle plantigrade


    Functional Deficits

    ๏ Stance phase
    Mild weakness => foot slap

    Severe weakness or absence => initial


    forefoot contact

    Swing phase

    Drop foot

    compensatory increased hip, knee flexion


    Biomechanical Requirements

    Orthotic ankle joint which can resist


    plantarflexion moment from plantigrade.

    Orthosis/body system which creates dorsiflexion


    moment

    A “rigid” structure linking the joint to the sites of


    application of force
    free-body diagram
    Force analysis
    Weakness or Absence of
    plantarflexor activity
    normal function

    • Eccentric activity control dorsiflexion from MS until


    HO.

    • Contracts from HO to TO for forward propulsion.


    Moment

    Plantarflexion
    Moment
    Functional Deficits

    ๏ Excessive
    dorsiflexion from
    mid-stance

    Loss of active push-


    off

    Severely reduced
    walking speed and
    efficiency
    No plantarflexion
    moment

    G
    Biomechanical Requirements

    ๏ Orthotic ankle joint which can resist dorsiflexion


    moment

    Orthosis/body system which creates


    plantarflexion moment

    A “rigid” orthotic structure linking the joint to


    the sites of application of force
    free-body diagram

    R2 J

    R1
    W

    R3

    R4

    J
    Force analysis
    W

    R3

    R4
    J
    J
    R2

    R1
    force system
    W

    R3

    R4
    R2

    R1
    force system
    No plantarflexion
    strength
    orthotic solutions
    • Option #1

    ✓ Orthotic ankle joint


    with free plantarflexion
    and dorsiflexion “stop”
    (conventional)

    • Option #2

    ✓ Rigid moulded plastic


    AFO, e.g., Floor
    Reaction AFO (Glanzy
    and Lindseth, 1972)
    Orthotic solutions
    • Option #3
    External
    Heel cushion to knee
    compensate for extensio
    n
    restricted moment
    plantarflexion

    • Rocker sole to
    compensate for
    restricted dorsiflexion F2

    Ankle articulation to
    allow free R
    plantarflexion
    Weakness or absence
    of pronator activity
    functional deficits
    • Foot drop during swing
    phase

    Initial contact on the


    lateral border of the
    heel

    • Tendency to supinate
    during initial loading

    Ankle sprain or
    fracture
    F1

    Biomechanical requirements

    F2

    F3• Orthotic ankle joint


    which resist supination

    Orthosis/body force
    R which creates
    system
    pronation moment

    • A rigid orthotic
    structure
    Orthotic solutions

    • Rigid ankle foot orthosis

    Or

    • Solid ankle foot orthosis


    Weakness of absence
    of supinator activity
    Normal function

    Contract from mid-stance to toe-off to resist


    external pronation moment and thus maintaining
    uniform foot/ground contact
    Functional deficits

    • Valgus position of the


    foot from foot flat until
    toe-off

    Excessive pressure on
    medial aspect of the
    foot

    • Planovalgus deformity
    F1

    Biomechanical requirements

    F2
    • Orthotic ankle joint
    which resist pronation
    F3
    moment

    Orthosis/body
    R force
    system which create
    supination moment

    • A rigid orthotic
    structure
    Orthotic Solutions

    • Rigid ankle foot orthosis

    Or

    • Solid ankle foot orthosis


    Attention!!!

    Pay attention to medial and lateral moments of


    the knee! The AFO should never cause a medial
    nor a later thrust (moment) at the knee. This will
    lead to ligament laxity and future need of a KAFO.
    Q&A

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