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    Different Reference Planes Are: Horizontal Plane (HP), Vertical Frontal Plane (VP) Side or Profile Plane (PP)

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    familyuma
    Orthographic projections are a method of technical drawing to represent 3D objects in 2D views. Different views are projected onto perpendicular reference planes, including the front view onto the vertical frontal plane, top view onto the horizontal plane, and side view onto the profile plane. There are two main methods - first angle projection places the object in the first quadrant, while third angle projection places it in the third quadrant. Views are drawn by projecting the object or reference planes onto each other in the appropriate orientation.

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    Different Reference Planes Are: Horizontal Plane (HP), Vertical Frontal Plane (VP) Side or Profile Plane (PP)

    Uploaded by

    familyuma
    46 views23 pages
    Orthographic projections are a method of technical drawing to represent 3D objects in 2D views. Different views are projected onto perpendicular reference planes, including the front view onto the vertical frontal plane, top view onto the horizontal plane, and side view onto the profile plane. There are two main methods - first angle projection places the object in the first quadrant, while third angle projection places it in the third quadrant. Views are drawn by projecting the object or reference planes onto each other in the appropriate orientation.

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    Santhakumar.j

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    Orthographic projections are a method of technical drawing to represent 3D objects in 2D views. Different views are projected onto perpendicular reference planes, including the front view onto the vertical frontal plane, top view onto the horizontal plane, and side view onto the profile plane. There are two main methods - first angle projection places the object in the first quadrant, while third angle projection places it in the third quadrant. Views are drawn by projecting the object or reference planes onto each other in the appropriate orientation.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    46 views23 pages

    Different Reference Planes Are: Horizontal Plane (HP), Vertical Frontal Plane (VP) Side or Profile Plane (PP)

    Uploaded by

    familyuma
    Orthographic projections are a method of technical drawing to represent 3D objects in 2D views. Different views are projected onto perpendicular reference planes, including the front view onto the vertical frontal plane, top view onto the horizontal plane, and side view onto the profile plane. There are two main methods - first angle projection places the object in the first quadrant, while third angle projection places it in the third quadrant. Views are drawn by projecting the object or reference planes onto each other in the appropriate orientation.

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    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:

    IT IS A TECHNICAL DRAWING IN WHICH DIFFERENT VIEWS OF AN OBJECT ARE PROJECTED ON DIFFERENT REFERENCE PLANES OBSERVING PERPENDICULAR TO RESPECTIVE REFERENCE PLANE

    Different Reference planes are Horizontal Plane (HP), Vertical Frontal Plane ( VP ) Side Or Profile Plane ( PP)

    And
    Different Views are Front View (FV), Top View (TV) and Side View (SV)

    FV is a view projected on VP. TV is a view projected on HP. SV is a view projected on PP.

    IMPORTANT TERMS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:

    1 Planes. 2 Pattern of planes & Pattern of views 3 Methods of drawing Orthographic Projections

    Introduction
    Orthographic projection = 2-D representation of a 3-D object.

    The 6 principal views are created by looking at the object, straight on, in the directions indicated.

    The Six Principal Views

    The Glass Box Method


    How do we create the 6 principal views?
    The Glass Box Method

    Glass Box Method


    The object is placed in a glass box.
    The sides of the box represent the 6 principal planes.

    Glass Box Method


    The image of the object is projected on the sides of the box.

    Glass Box Method


    Things to notice!
    The projection planes. The projectors. How surfaces A and B are projected.

    Glass Box Method


    The box is unfolded creating the 6 principal views.

    PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS (First Angle Method)


    THIS IS A PICTORIAL SET-UP OF ALL THREE PLANES. ARROW DIRECTION IS A NORMAL WAY OF OBSERVING THE OBJECT. BUT IN THIS DIRECTION ONLY VP AND A VIEW ON IT (FV) CAN BE SEEN. THE OTHER PLANES AND VIEWS ON THOSE CAN NOT BE SEEN.

    PROCEDURE TO SOLVE ABOVE PROBLEM:TO MAKE THOSE PLANES ALSO VISIBLE FROM THE ARROW DIRECTION, A) HP IS ROTATED 900 DOUNWARD B) PP, 900 IN RIGHT SIDE DIRECTION. THIS WAY BOTH PLANES ARE BROUGHT IN THE SAME PLANE CONTAINING VP.
    Click to view Animation

    On clicking the button if a warning comes please click YES to continue, this program is safe for your pc.

    Y X

    VP FV LSV

    PP

    Y
    TV HP

    HP IS ROTATED DOWNWARD AND BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP.

    900

    PP IS ROTATED IN RIGHT SIDE AND BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP.

    900

    ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DRAWN IN FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS

    Methods of Drawing Orthographic Projections

    First Angle Projections Method Here views are drawn by placing object

    Third Angle Projections Method Here views are drawn by placing object

    in 1st Quadrant
    ( Fv above X-y, Tv below X-y ) ( SYMBOLIC PRESENTATION OF BOTH METHODS WITH AN OBJECT STANDING ON HP ( GROUND) ON ITS BASE.
    NOTE:HP term is used in Angle method & For the same Ground term is used in 3rd Angle method of projections 1st

    in 3rd Quadrant.
    Tv above X-y, Fv below X-y )

    FV

    TV

    X
    TV

    X
    FV G

    FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION


    IN THIS METHOD, THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT MEANS ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.

    FOR T.V.

    OBJECT IS INBETWEEN OBSERVER & PLANE.


    PP FV LSV

    VP

    X
    TV HP
    ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS IN FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS

    THIRD ANGLE PROJECTION


    IN THIS METHOD, THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT ( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )

    FOR T.V.

    PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT AND INBETWEEN OBSERVER & OBJECT.

    TV

    X
    LSV

    Y
    FV

    ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS OF THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS

    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    TOP VIEW

    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    TOP VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    TOP VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    4
    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    TOP VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    TOP VIEW

    6
    FOR T.V.
    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW

    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    TOP VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    7
    FOR T.V.

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
    FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    TOP VIEW

    9
    FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
    FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    TOP VIEW

    FOR T.V.

    11
    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
    FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

    TOP VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    12
    FOR T.V.
    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
    L.H.SIDE VIEW

    FRONT VIEW

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    TOP VIEW

    17

    ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

    FRONT VIEW 40 20

    L.H.SIDE VIEW 30 SQUARE

    50

    20

    X
    O

    10 30

    Y
    F.V.
    60

    PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

    S.V.

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