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    Spring Design

    Uploaded by

    Shatendra Sahu
    This document summarizes key formulas and concepts for analyzing stresses, strength, stiffness, fatigue, and failure modes in compression springs. It provides equations for calculating maximum static shear stress, shear stress correction factors, stiffness, mean and alternating stresses under cyclic loading, yield criteria, endurance limits, buckling resistance, and natural frequency to avoid surge. Design of springs involves selecting dimensions and materials to satisfy constraints on stresses relative to yield strengths under different loading conditions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Spring Design

    Uploaded by

    Shatendra Sahu
    150 views18 pages
    This document summarizes key formulas and concepts for analyzing stresses, strength, stiffness, fatigue, and failure modes in compression springs. It provides equations for calculating maximum static shear stress, shear stress correction factors, stiffness, mean and alternating stresses under cyclic loading, yield criteria, endurance limits, buckling resistance, and natural frequency to avoid surge. Design of springs involves selecting dimensions and materials to satisfy constraints on stresses relative to yield strengths under different loading conditions.

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    142815474-Spring-Design.ppt

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    This document summarizes key formulas and concepts for analyzing stresses, strength, stiffness, fatigue, and failure modes in compression springs. It provides equations for calculating maximum static shear stress, shear stress correction factors, stiffness, mean and alternating stresses under cyclic loading, yield criteria, endurance limits, buckling resistance, and natural frequency to avoid surge. Design of springs involves selecting dimensions and materials to satisfy constraints on stresses relative to yield strengths under different loading conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    150 views18 pages

    Spring Design

    Uploaded by

    Shatendra Sahu
    This document summarizes key formulas and concepts for analyzing stresses, strength, stiffness, fatigue, and failure modes in compression springs. It provides equations for calculating maximum static shear stress, shear stress correction factors, stiffness, mean and alternating stresses under cyclic loading, yield criteria, endurance limits, buckling resistance, and natural frequency to avoid surge. Design of springs involves selecting dimensions and materials to satisfy constraints on stresses relative to yield strengths under different loading conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    SPRINGS

    16 December 2006

    Spring Loads

    B
    A

    Stresses
    Tr
    T
    J

    F
    F
    A

    Tr F

    J A

    Stresses continued

    8 FD

    LET

    4F

    D
    C
    d

    For a properly designed spring, the


    spring index C satisfies:

    4 C 12

    Final static Stress


    max Ks
    where

    8FD
    d

    Ks

    8FC
    d

    1
    Ks 1
    2C

    Ks is called the shear stress correction


    factor

    Wahl Correction
    To account for curvature, we use the
    Wahl correction factor KW given by:

    KW

    4C 1 0.615

    4C 4
    C

    and re-write the maximum static shear


    stress as:

    max K W

    8FC
    d

    Material Strength
    Sut

    A
    d

    See Table 10.4

    Ssy 0.56 * Sut


    Ssu 0.67 * Sut

    Static Failure
    For a spring under static load,

    max K W

    8FC
    d

    Ssy
    ns

    Stiffness
    From Energy considerations,
    the spring constant k is:

    dG
    3

    8C N a
    where G is the shear modulus of
    rigidity and Na the number of active
    coils.
    3 N a 15

    Cyclic Loading
    Let the mean and alternating forces on
    the spring be Pm and Pa

    then the mean and alternating shear


    stresses on the spring are:

    m K W

    8CPm
    d

    a K W

    8CPa
    d

    Static Yield and Goodman


    a

    Static Yield,

    a m Ssy

    Sse

    Goodman,
    c

    a m

    1
    Sse Ssu

    a
    45o
    Ssy

    Ssu

    Design Control
    Let the intersection of the Goodman
    and static failure lines be at point
    c
    a

    on the a

    axis

    then
    c
    a

    Ssy Ssu
    Sse

    Sse Ssu

    Strength Failure
    If

    c
    a

    a Goodman

    governs and,

    else, Static Yield


    governs and,

    a m
    1

    Sse Ssu n f

    a m

    Ssy
    ns

    Endurance Limit
    In using the Goodman Equation, the
    endurance limit is given by:

    Ssa
    Sse
    1 (Ssm / Ssu )
    where Ssa and Ssm are the Zimmerli
    numbers given by:

    Zimmerli Numbers

    Peened

    Unpeened

    Ssa (MPa)

    398

    241

    Ssm (MPa)

    534

    379

    Buckling
    For steel, buckling will not occur if

    D
    Lf 2.63

    where is an end condition factor from


    Table 10-2

    Surge:
    The natural frequency of a steel spring
    with squared and ground is given by
    353000
    fn
    Hz
    N a CD

    where the mean coil diameter D is in (mm)

    If the frequency of the external force is fe ,


    Hz, then surge will not occur if

    f n 13 f e

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