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    Ash Handling Plant

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    SovanSur
    The document discusses ash handling and disposal processes at thermal power plants. It notes that 40% of coal burned is converted to ash, so plant sites must consider ash disposal. Ashes are categorized as fly ash, dry ash, or bottom ash. There are wet and dry systems to process ash. The wet system mixes ashes with water into slurry and includes areas for bottom ash, fly ash equipment, and controls. The dry system only handles dry ash using baghouses to remove particulates from flue gas.

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    Ash Handling Plant

    Uploaded by

    SovanSur
    286 views7 pages
    The document discusses ash handling and disposal processes at thermal power plants. It notes that 40% of coal burned is converted to ash, so plant sites must consider ash disposal. Ashes are categorized as fly ash, dry ash, or bottom ash. There are wet and dry systems to process ash. The wet system mixes ashes with water into slurry and includes areas for bottom ash, fly ash equipment, and controls. The dry system only handles dry ash using baghouses to remove particulates from flue gas.

    Original Description:

    THIS IS ABOUT ASH HANDLING PLANT

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    The document discusses ash handling and disposal processes at thermal power plants. It notes that 40% of coal burned is converted to ash, so plant sites must consider ash disposal. Ashes are categorized as fly ash, dry ash, or bottom ash. There are wet and dry systems to process ash. The wet system mixes ashes with water into slurry and includes areas for bottom ash, fly ash equipment, and controls. The dry system only handles dry ash using baghouses to remove particulates from flue gas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    286 views7 pages

    Ash Handling Plant

    Uploaded by

    SovanSur
    The document discusses ash handling and disposal processes at thermal power plants. It notes that 40% of coal burned is converted to ash, so plant sites must consider ash disposal. Ashes are categorized as fly ash, dry ash, or bottom ash. There are wet and dry systems to process ash. The wet system mixes ashes with water into slurry and includes areas for bottom ash, fly ash equipment, and controls. The dry system only handles dry ash using baghouses to remove particulates from flue gas.

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    ASH HANDLING PLANT

    In a thermal power plant one of the biggest problems is ash handling


    and ash disposal.40% of the total coal used gets converted into ashes after
    combustion .So for the construction of a thermal power station three major
    factors should be kept in mind for ash disposal. They are:1. Plant Site
    2. Water Source
    3. Environmental Regulation

    Fig: Ash formation after combustion in furnace of steam


    boiler.

    The Ashes produced are divided into three categories .


    ASH

    Fly Ash
    Dry Ash

    Bottom Ash

    An amount of 4% coal gets mixed with ash and we cannot


    segregate that amount of unburnt coal .There are two systems by which is ash is
    processed.

    Wet System
    Dry system

    Wet System
    In this system ashes from Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP),Bottom Ash Hopper
    and Air-Preheater are mixed with water to form slurry.
    The wet system consists of :1. Bottom Ash Area.
    Bottom Ash Hopper: The bottom ash hopper resides just
    below the furnace where the the unburnt coal (4%) and ash
    gets deposited.

    Fig: Bottom Ash Hopper

    In this figure the function of line of refractive cooling is to cool down the hot
    ash which is coming from the furnace after burning of coal.
    The function of jetting line is to move the ash by the high velocity water jet.
    The function of flush line is to remove the ash which remains unremoved
    after jetting high velocity water.

    Clinker Grinder:
    A clinker grinder is a useful component in those ash conveying systems
    where coarse bottom ash or other coarsely sized material must be reduced in
    size so as to be suitable for pneumatic conveyance or other means of ash
    handling.

    Fig: Clinker Grinder

    Hydro Ejector:
    The function of Hydro Ejector is to eject a water jet through nozzle which
    forces the ash-slurry to go into the sump.

    Fig: Hydro Ejector

    Over flow tank:


    The function of over flow tank is to deposite the overflowing water from
    sump.

    Economiser pump:
    The function of economiser pump is to convert fly ash to bottom ash of
    economiser hopper.

    Bottom Ash Overflow Pump:


    When water in bottom ash hopper is increased then it goes to bottom
    ash overflow pump through bottom ash overflow pump and then to sump.

    2. Fly Ash Equipment Tower Area


    Vacuum Breaker:
    It resides just below the connecting tank. It acts as a safety device. It
    protects the pipes from damage if vacuum is created it will draw ash and
    pipes will choke so vacuum breaker is present to break the vacuum.
    Wetting Unit:
    It resides just above the collector tank near the ESP Here the fly ash
    enters and high pressure water is forced to enter through 22 nozzles which
    produces slurry.
    Collector Tank:
    It is present just below the wetting unit where the slurry gets collected
    and from there it goes to sump.

    Seal Box:
    The function of seal box is to seal the air so that air does not enter the
    economiser hopper.
    If air enters then that air will be sucked by ID fans and it may enter the
    economiser.

    Air Washer:
    The function of air washer is to prevent the vacuum pump from damage
    by collecting ash and not letting the ash to go to the vacuum pump

    Vaccum Pump:

    This is the pup that creates vacuum to suck the ash.


    3. Control Room Area

    High Pressure Pump


    Low Pressure Pump
    Slurry Pump
    Seal Pump
    Compressor
    Ash Water Pump
    Common Trough
    Drain Pumps
    Collecting Units
    Dry Units

    4. Electrostatic Precipitator:

    It is a device used to control the rate of pollution caused by the carbon


    particles & ashes carried by the flue gas .It consists of two electrodes .The
    flue gas is passed through the ESP on their way to chimney. Electric field is
    produced across the electrodes. Due to the high voltage ( 50 KV-100 KV)
    corona discharge takes place which ionises the carbon and ash particles.
    They acquire negative charge and gets attracted towards the collecting
    plate(positively charged).Thus migration of ionised particles take place
    and deposition takes place on the collecting electrodes. After every fifteen
    minutes the rapping hammer is hammered on the collecting plates which
    dislodges the accumulated ashes and carbon particles.

    Fig: Schematic of Electrostatic Precipitator

    The ash gets deposited on the ESP hopper.From there it is removed for
    disposal by vacum pump.

    Fig: Electrostatic precipitator

    DRY SYSTEM:
    The dry system is only for dry ash. It is divided into two parts .

    Baghouse
    Baghouse is an air pollution control device that removes particulates
    out of air or gas released from commercial processes or combustion for
    electricity generation.

    Unlike electrostatic precipitator, where performance may vary significantly


    depending on process and electrical conditions, functioning baghouses typically have a particulate
    collection efficiency of 99% or better, even when particle size is very small.

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