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    Ash Handeling System (Detailed) Gyanendra Sharma NPTI Delhi

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    NPTI
    Ash is the residue remaining after coal is burned in power stations. Indian coal contains 30-40% ash. A typical 2000 MW power station produces 9,000-12,000 tons of ash per day. Ash handling systems collect, transport, and dispose of ash to prevent environmental pollution. Bottom ash falls to the bottom of furnaces while fly ash is carried by flue gases and collected by electrostatic precipitators. Systems use water and conveying equipment to transport ash from collection points to storage ponds for disposal or commercial use.

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    Ash Handeling System (Detailed) Gyanendra Sharma NPTI Delhi

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    NPTI
    246 views24 pages
    Ash is the residue remaining after coal is burned in power stations. Indian coal contains 30-40% ash. A typical 2000 MW power station produces 9,000-12,000 tons of ash per day. Ash handling systems collect, transport, and dispose of ash to prevent environmental pollution. Bottom ash falls to the bottom of furnaces while fly ash is carried by flue gases and collected by electrostatic precipitators. Systems use water and conveying equipment to transport ash from collection points to storage ponds for disposal or commercial use.

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    Ash is the residue remaining after coal is burned in power stations. Indian coal contains 30-40% ash. A typical 2000 MW power station produces 9,000-12,000 tons of ash per day. Ash handling systems collect, transport, and dispose of ash to prevent environmental pollution. Bottom ash falls to the bottom of furnaces while fly ash is carried by flue gases and collected by electrostatic precipitators. Systems use water and conveying equipment to transport ash from collection points to storage ponds for disposal or commercial use.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    246 views24 pages

    Ash Handeling System (Detailed) Gyanendra Sharma NPTI Delhi

    Uploaded by

    NPTI
    Ash is the residue remaining after coal is burned in power stations. Indian coal contains 30-40% ash. A typical 2000 MW power station produces 9,000-12,000 tons of ash per day. Ash handling systems collect, transport, and dispose of ash to prevent environmental pollution. Bottom ash falls to the bottom of furnaces while fly ash is carried by flue gases and collected by electrostatic precipitators. Systems use water and conveying equipment to transport ash from collection points to storage ponds for disposal or commercial use.

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    Ash Handling System

    Gyanendra Sharma
    NPTI Delhi
    WHAT IS ASH?

     Ash is the residue remaining after the coal


    has been incinerated to constant weight
    under standard conditions.
     Ash is oxidized form of the mineral matters
    present in coal.
     Typical ash composition : SiO2, Al2O3,
    Fe2O3, CaO, MgO etc.

    2 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi


    WHY ASH HANDLING?
     Ash content of Indian coal used in power station is
    about 30 to 40%
     A typical 2000 MW station produce around 9000T to
    12000T of ash per day.
     This huge amount of ash needs to be disposed off
    continuously.
     Necessary care to be taken for preventing pollution
     Ash Handling system takes care the above
    requirement

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    Percentage of ASH in Coal
    Grade Useful Heat Value (UHV) (Kcal/Kg) Corresponding Ash%
    + Moisture %at
    (60%RH)
    A Exceeding 6200 Not exceeding 19.5

    B Exceeding 5600 but not exceeding 19.6 to 23.8


    6200
    C Exceeding 4940 but not exceeding 5600 23.9 to 28.6
    D Exceeding 4200 but not exceeding 4940 28.7 to 34.0
    E Exceeding 3360 but not exceeding 4200 34.1 to 40.0
    F Exceeding 2400 but not exceeding 3360 40.1 to 47.0
    G Exceeding 1300 but not exceeding 2400 47.1 to 55.0

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    WHAT HAPPENS TO THE ASH PRODUCED?

     20 % Of the ash falls at the bottom of the furnace


    known as Bottom Ash (BA).
     80 % of the ash carried away with flue gas known as
    FA
     BA can form slag and clinker depending on the temp.
    of the combustion zone and environment inside
    reducing environment (Less O2).
     BA is disposed off through BA disposal system.
     FA is collected through ESP and disposed through
    FA disposal system.

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    Coal
    Bunker

    Coal Yard Pulverizer

    Electrostatic Precipitator Boiler

    Flue Gas Flue Gas


    Fly Ash
    Fly Ash Bottom Ash

    Bottom
    Fly Ash Ash
    Smoke
    Stack
    6 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi
    Ash volumes and properties
    Furnace ESP
    (1300 - 1500°C) Electrostatic
    Precipitator
    Economizer Stack

    Air
    Pulverized Preheater
    Coal

    Stage B: 17 %
    Stage A: 80 %

    Stage C: 3 %
    Coal Bottom Ash Eco Ash APH Ash Fly ash
    100 % 10-20 % 1% 1% 80-90 % Ash
    Fineness
    03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi 7
    BA Handling System
     BA can be collected at furnace bottom as Wet or Dry form.
     Wet bottom ash system consists of i) Seal trough, ii) BA gate,
    iii) Hopper, iv) Scrapper Conveyer, v) Clinker grinder, vi) BA
    trench, vii) BA tank, viii) BA pump, ix) BA pond.
     Dry BA consists of i) Seal trough, ii) BA gate, iii) Hopper, iv)
    Scrapper Conveyer, v) Clinker grinder, vi) Silo
     Seal trough: A channel around the furnace bottom filled with
    water where the furnace bottom end is immersed in water. This
    is to prevent air ingression in the boiler during operation.

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    BA Handling System
     BA Gate: Each hopper has separate gate to isolate Scrapper
    conveyor from running furnace for any repairing at scrapper
     Scrapper Conveyer : Consists of number of scrapper bars
    fasten at both the ends with two chain which can run on chain
    pulley and driven by scrapper conveyor motor. The whole
    conveyor is submerged in water for wet BA system. Bottom ash
    after falling on scrapper is scrapped away by the running
    conveyor to one end of the conveyor to clinker grinder.
     Any big size ash clinker is crushed to enable to be carried away
    by water jet through BA trench
     BA trench : Through water jet ash slurry is carried away to BA
    tank

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    BA Handling System

     BA pump : Ash slurry handling pump. It carries ash to the BA


    pond. Depending on the distance of BA pond two or more BA
    pumps connected in series.
     BA pond : Finally ash is discharged to ash pond. It is a large
    area surrounded by embankment. Ash mixed with water is
    allowed to settle for considerable time. Water from top surface
    is allowed to go out from the pond through a designed escape
    route. Quality of water discharge is always monitor for turbidity
    and heavy metal.
    BA Supporting water pumps
     LP BA pump : Supply water to trough seal, scrapper conveyor
    sump, BA sump and LP jets.
     HP BA pump : HP jets in BA trench and line cleaning.

    15 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi


    Dry BA Handling System

     Dry BA collection system after clinker grinder


    collect ash to silo through a transport
    mechanism for further transport through road
    system.

    16 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi


    03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi 17
    FA Handling System
     FA is collected from Air heater hopper, Eco hopper
    and ESP hopper.
     Either through flushing apparatus or hydrobactur
    system.
     In Flushing apparatus system ash is allowed to fall in
    flushing apparatus under gravitation.
     Water jet in flushing apparatus carries away the ash
    to FA trench
     High pressure jets further carries it to FA sump.
     Series pumping carries the ash slurry to FA pond.

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    19 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi
    Dry FA Handling System
     Hydrobackter is a vacuum device to collect
    ash from the hopper.
     Water jet ejectors used for creating vacuum.
     Dry ash thus collected to silo through belt
    conveyor.
     Dry ash is disposed through road transport to
    a dry ash disposal system. Part of it sold for
    commercial purpose.

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    21 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi
    ASH UTILISATION
    Major usage of Ash

     Fly ash bricks / blocks


     Cellular concrete products
     Concrete and mortar
     In manufacture of cement
     In manufacture of asbestos products
     Road construction
     Embankment/back fills/land development
     Controlled low strength material (CLSM)
     In agriculture
     Mine filling
     Manufacture of fertilizer

    22 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi


    Other usage
     Manufacture of distemper
     Floor and wall tiles
     Refractory bricks
     Manufacture of ceramics
     Use with Ferro cement
     Recovery of metals
     Use in grouting
     Manufacture of alum
     Domestic cleaning powder

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    THANK YOU

    24 03/27/2021 Gyanendra Sharma - NPTI Delhi

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