Hazop

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Hazards and Operability (HAZOP) analysis:

Project name: Wealth out of Waste


Process: Hydrolysis
Study node
Process
Deviations
parameters
(guide words)
Stirrer
Agitation
No

Heating jacket

Temperature

Lower

Higher

Flow

Stirrer motor
malfunction

Low steam
supply
flowrate.
High steam
supply
flowrate.

Possible
consequences
Possible
accumulation of
unreacted solid
waste
None controller
handles

Action required

Temperature
increases.

Install high flow alarm.


Shut down system.
Install temperature
indicator.
Select valve to fail close.
Install flowmeter.
Shut down system.
Place controller on critical
instrumentation list.

Higher

Control valve
fails open.

Temperature
increases.

Lower

Control valve
fails to
respond.

Temperature
decreases.

No

Controller fails
and closes
valve.
Control valve
fails to
respond.

Loss of heating,
possible runaway.

Pump fails to
respond.

No reaction occurs in
the reactor.

Flow

Pump

Possible causes

No

Higher

Loss of heating,
possible runaway.

Plugged flow
line.
Power failure.
Pump fails
Reactor overflows.
open.
Hazards and Operability Review

Interlock with feed line

None

Place controller on critical


instrumentation list.
Install low flow alarm.
Place valve on critical
instrumentation list.

Install flow indicator.


Place pump on critical
instrumentation list.
Install filter with
maintenance procedures.
Back-up generator
Select pump to fail close.
Install level indicator.

The potential process modifications resulting from the review are the following:
1. Install a high-temperature shutdown system. Where this system would automatically shut
down the process in the event of a high reactor temperature.
2. Periodically inspect the heating jacket to ensure its integrity.
3. Install a steam flowmeter and low-flow alarm.
4. Install a level control system in the reactor.
5. Install a temperature control system.

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