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    Naming Alkenes and Alkynes Rules

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    This document provides steps for naming alkenes and alkynes. It explains that: 1) Alkene names end in "-ene" and alkyne names end in "-yne", with prefixes like "di", "tri" for multiple bonds. 2) The main carbon chain is numbered starting from the end closest to the multiple bond. 3) The name includes numbers to indicate the position of multiple bonds and any substituents are included in alphabetical order. 4) When both double and triple bonds are present, whichever is closer to the end determines numbering direction, or the double bond takes priority if at the same position. "Ene" comes before "yne" in names.

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    Naming Alkenes and Alkynes Rules

    Uploaded by

    api-278476928
    1K views2 pages
    This document provides steps for naming alkenes and alkynes. It explains that: 1) Alkene names end in "-ene" and alkyne names end in "-yne", with prefixes like "di", "tri" for multiple bonds. 2) The main carbon chain is numbered starting from the end closest to the multiple bond. 3) The name includes numbers to indicate the position of multiple bonds and any substituents are included in alphabetical order. 4) When both double and triple bonds are present, whichever is closer to the end determines numbering direction, or the double bond takes priority if at the same position. "Ene" comes before "yne" in names.

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    naming-alkenes-and-alkynes-rules

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    This document provides steps for naming alkenes and alkynes. It explains that: 1) Alkene names end in "-ene" and alkyne names end in "-yne", with prefixes like "di", "tri" for multiple bonds. 2) The main carbon chain is numbered starting from the end closest to the multiple bond. 3) The name includes numbers to indicate the position of multiple bonds and any substituents are included in alphabetical order. 4) When both double and triple bonds are present, whichever is closer to the end determines numbering direction, or the double bond takes priority if at the same position. "Ene" comes before "yne" in names.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Naming Alkenes and Alkynes Rules

    Uploaded by

    api-278476928
    This document provides steps for naming alkenes and alkynes. It explains that: 1) Alkene names end in "-ene" and alkyne names end in "-yne", with prefixes like "di", "tri" for multiple bonds. 2) The main carbon chain is numbered starting from the end closest to the multiple bond. 3) The name includes numbers to indicate the position of multiple bonds and any substituents are included in alphabetical order. 4) When both double and triple bonds are present, whichever is closer to the end determines numbering direction, or the double bond takes priority if at the same position. "Ene" comes before "yne" in names.

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    Naming Alkenes and Alkynes

    STEP 1: Name the main chain. Find the longest continuous chain of carbons containing the double or triple bond.
    The names of alkenes end with ene, and the names of alkynes end with -yne. When there is more than one multiple
    bond, use numerical prefixes (diene, diyne, triene, triyne, etc.)
    CH 3

    CH 2

    CH 2

    CH

    CH 3

    CH 2

    CH 2

    CH 3

    CH 2
    C

    CH 3

    CH 2

    CH

    CH 2

    CH 3

    Name as hexyne - a six C chain


    containing a double bond

    Name as p entene - a f ive C chain


    containing a double bond
    CH 3

    CH 2

    CH 2

    CH 2
    C

    CH3
    CH 3

    CH 2

    CH 2

    CH

    CH3

    CH 2

    not as a heptene - the double bond is not


    contained on the seve C chain.

    Name as hexene - a six C chain


    containing a double bond...

    STEP 2: Number the carbon atoms in the main chain. Begin at the end nearer the multiple bond. If the multiple
    bond is at the same distance from both ends, begin numbering at the end nearer the first branch point.
    CH 3

    CH 3
    CH3 CH 2 CH 2 CH CH CH 3
    4
    6
    5
    3
    2
    1
    This end is closer to the double bond.

    CH 3 C
    C
    CH2 CH 2 CH 2 CH
    CH 3
    CH 3 CH CH CH CH 2 CH 3
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    2
    6
    7
    8
    1
    4
    5
    3
    Both ends are at the same distance
    The lef t end is closer to the triple bond.
    f rom the double bond, but this is closer
    to the branch.

    The double-bond carbon atoms in substituted cycloalkenes are numbered 1 and 2 so as to give the first substituent the
    3
    lowest number:
    Do not begin here.
    CH3
    2

    6
    1

    5
    6
    If we start here the brach
    gets the lowest possible number

    CH3

    4
    3

    STEP 3: Write the full name. Assign numbers to the branching substituents, and list the substituents alphabetically.
    Indicate the position of the multiple bond(s) in the chain by giving the number of the first multiple-bonded carbon. If
    more than one multiple bond is present, identify the position of each multiple bond and use the appropriate ending
    diene, triene, tetraene, and so forth.
    6

    CH3
    CH3

    CH2

    CH2

    CH

    3
    2
    1-pentene or
    pent-1-ene

    CH2

    CH3

    CH2

    CH 3
    CH3 C
    1
    2

    Reyes

    C
    3

    CH2 CH2 CH 2
    4
    5
    6

    CH
    7

    7-methyl-2-octyne or
    7-methyloct-2-yne

    CH2

    4
    3
    2-hexyne or
    hex-2-yne

    CH 2
    1

    C
    2

    CH
    3

    CH2

    CH2

    CH3

    C
    CH3

    CH2

    CH

    CH 3

    CH2

    3-propyl-2-hexene or
    3-propylhex-2-ene

    CH 2 CH 3
    CH 3
    8

    CH2
    4

    2-ethyl-1,3-butadiene or
    2-ethylbuta-1,3-diene

    CH 3
    4

    5
    6

    4-methylcyclohexene

    Assigning Priority
    What happens when double and triple bonds appear in the same molecule?

    Alkenes and alkynes are considered to have equal priority.


    In a molecule with both a double and a triple bond, whichever is closer to the end of the chain determines
    the direction of numbering.
    In the case where each would have the same position number, the double bond takes the lower number.
    In the name, ene comes before yne because of alphabetization.
    1

    CH

    CH

    CH

    CH 3

    pent-3-en-1-yne
    ("yne" closer to end of chain)
    10

    8
    9

    CH

    CH 2

    CH

    CH 2

    pent-1-en-4-yne
    ("ene" goes f irst in the alphabet and
    takes priority over "yne")
    6

    4
    5

    2
    3

    deca-5,7-dien-1,3-diyne

    Reyes

    Notice how in the names the last letter of the ene ending is dropped to let people know that the
    molecule has more functional groups (triple bonds in the examples above).

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