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    Key Concepts

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    The document discusses key concepts about limits and continuity in calculus. It defines continuity as functions whose graphs have no breaks, and discontinuity as functions with breaks in the line. A function is continuous at a point if the limit of the function as x approaches that point equals the function value at that point. The document also discusses types of discontinuities like removable and jump discontinuities. It provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions, and explains how to determine continuity of composite functions and limits at infinity of rational functions.

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    Key Concepts

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    47 views2 pages
    The document discusses key concepts about limits and continuity in calculus. It defines continuity as functions whose graphs have no breaks, and discontinuity as functions with breaks in the line. A function is continuous at a point if the limit of the function as x approaches that point equals the function value at that point. The document also discusses types of discontinuities like removable and jump discontinuities. It provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions, and explains how to determine continuity of composite functions and limits at infinity of rational functions.

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    The document discusses key concepts about limits and continuity in calculus. It defines continuity as functions whose graphs have no breaks, and discontinuity as functions with breaks in the line. A function is continuous at a point if the limit of the function as x approaches that point equals the function value at that point. The document also discusses types of discontinuities like removable and jump discontinuities. It provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions, and explains how to determine continuity of composite functions and limits at infinity of rational functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views2 pages

    Key Concepts

    Uploaded by

    api-318274656
    The document discusses key concepts about limits and continuity in calculus. It defines continuity as functions whose graphs have no breaks, and discontinuity as functions with breaks in the line. A function is continuous at a point if the limit of the function as x approaches that point equals the function value at that point. The document also discusses types of discontinuities like removable and jump discontinuities. It provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions, and explains how to determine continuity of composite functions and limits at infinity of rational functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Amit

    Dhaliwal
    Calculus 12
    Ms. Mosher

    Key Concepts

    Limits and Continuity Section 2.4



    -
    -
    -

    In calculus, continuity is used to describe functions whos graph has no breaks


    Where there is a break in the line it is called discontinuity
    Continuity at a point Assume that f(x) is defined as an open interval containing x = c. Then f is
    continuous at x=c if

    = ()


    If the limit does not exist, or of it exist but is not equal to f(c), we say that f has a discontinuity at
    x=c
    A function may be continuous at some points and discontinuous at others

    Example of Discontinuities
    -

    If the limit as x approaches c of f(x) exists but it not equal to f(c), we say that f has removable
    discontinuity at x=c


    f 2 = 10 but =

    a worse type of discontinuity is a jump discontinuity, which occurs if the one sided limits
    ! () and ! exist but are not equal. Unlike removable discontinuity you
    cannot make f(x) continuous by redefining.
    One sided continuity A function f(x) is called :
    Left continuous at x=c if ! () = ()
    Right continuous at x=c if ! =
    We say that f(x) has an infinite discontinuity at x=c if one or both of the one sided limits is
    infinite

    Building Continuous Functions


    -

    Basic laws of continuity If f(x) and g(x) are continuous at x=c then the following functions are
    also continuous at x=c

    (i) f(x) + g(x) and f(x) g(x)
    (iii) f(x)g(x)
    (ii) kf(x) for any constant k
    (iv) f(x)/g(x) if g(c) does not equal 0
    Continuity of Polynomial and Rational Functions Let P(x) and Q(x) be polynomials. Then :
    - P(x) is continuous on the real line
    - P(x)/Q(x) is continuous on its domain (at all values x=c such that Q(c) does not equal 0

    Amit Dhaliwal
    Calculus 12
    Ms. Mosher

    -

    Continuity of some basic functions


    - y = !/! is continuous on its domain for n a natural number
    - y = sinx and y = cosx are continuous on the real line
    - y = ! is continuous on the real line ( for b>0, b cannout equal 1)
    - y = log ! is continuous for x > 0 (for b>0, b cannot equal 1)
    Continuity of composite functions if g is continuous at x=c and f is continuous at x=g(c) then the
    composite function F(x) = f(g(x)) is continuous at x=c

    Limits at Infinity Section 2.7


    -
    -

    It is also important to consider limits as x approached and , which we refer to as limits at


    infinity
    For all n > 0

    lim! ! ! = , lim! ! !! = = lim! !

    !
    !!

    = 0


    If n is a whole number,

    lim! ! !! = and
    lim! !
    -

    !!

    lim! ! !! = =

    = 0


    Limits at Infinity of a Rational Function the asymptotic behaviour of a rational function depends
    only on the leading terms of its numerator and denominator. If ! and ! does not equal 0
    then:

    !
    lim =

    ! !
    !

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