ROLL NO: -

MBA-284-2k9

ANALYSIS ON PROJECT PLANNING OPTED BY ABB FOR THE

CONSTRUCTION OF SUBSTATION.

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement

For the Award of Degree of

M.B.A (MARKETING & OPERATION MANAGEMENT)

Submitted By:-

AMULYA PUNJABI

MBA-284-2K9

YMCA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,

FARIDABAD

1
 TO WHOMSOEVER IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify that Mr.Amulya Punjabi, a student of “YMCA

University of Science and technology” has undergone training in our
organization from 16th June to 30th July. He has successfully
completed the training on “Project Planning” office at ABB Ltd
Faridabad.

During this period his performance and conduct was found to be

good.

We wish him all the best in his future endeavours.

For ABB Ltd

Manager-HR

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to thank all those who have helped me in completing the training
successfully.

I sincerely thank Mr. Vaibhav Srivastav (HR Manager, ABB) for providing me with
an opportunity to work as a trainee in ABB.

I would also like to show my gratitude to Mr. Sachin Mahato (Vice President, ABB)
for giving me all the required resources and a healthy environment for me carry out my
project work. I would also like to thank him for providing me full support where ever
and whenever required.

I am highly obliged to Mr.Ankit Chopra (Project Manager, ABB), Mr.Manoj

Verma (Project Manager), Mr. RajaSekar (Project Manager, ABB) for providing
me continuous and invaluable guidance throughout the project. Their kind and elderly
advice always inspired me in putting my best efforts to develop an efficient project.

I also thank Mrs. Jyotsana Chawla, my project coordinator for making it possible for
me to undertake this project. Without her consent and support, it would not have been
possible to undertake and complete this project.

AMULYA PUNJABI
[YMCA UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY]

3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Certificate................................................................................................2
2. Acknowledgement..................................................................................3
3. Introduction to ABB................................... ...........................................4
4. Introduction to Project ........................................................................13
5. Research Methodology................... ....................................................43
6. Data Analysis........................................................................................45
7. Findings & Suggestions.......................................................................51
8. Webliography........................................................................................54

4
INTRODUCTION
TO
ABB

INTRODUCTION TO ABB
5
As one of the world’s leading engineering companies, ABB helps customers to
use electrical power effectively and to increase industrial productivity in a
sustainable way. The ABB Group of companies operates in over 100 countries
and employs about 120,000 people.

ABB operations in India include 14 manufacturing facilities with over 7500

employees. Customers are served through an extensive countrywide presence
with more than 18 marketing offices, 8 service centers, 3 logistics warehouses
and a network of over 800 channel partners. The ABB Group is increasingly
leveraging the Indian operations for projects, products, services, engineering
and R&D.

ABB India History

General:

• The Company was incorporated on 24.12.1949 as The Hindustan Electric

Company Limited.
• On 24.09.1965, the Company’s name was changed to Hindustan Brown
Boveri Limited (HBB).
• Pursuant to the Scheme of Amalgamation of Asea Limited with HBB with
effect from 1st January 1989, the name was further changed to Asea
Brown Boveri Limited, with effect from 13.10.1989.
• Effective 16.04.2003, the name was further changed to ABB Limited.

Flakt India Limited was amalgamated with ABB with effect from 5th October
1995.

During 1994-95, a joint venture Company - ‘ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation

AG’ (Adtranz) was established by ABB Zurich and Daimler-Benz AG, Germany,
in Germany. A subsidiary of Adtranz was incorporated in India viz. ’ABB
Daimler-Benz Transportation Limited which took over the Transportation
Business of the Company effective 1st January 1996.

ABB’s power generation business was globally transferred into the new 50-50
JV with Alstom in 1999. In India the power generation business has been
demerged and transferred to ABB Alstom Power India Ltd. with effect from 1st
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April 1999. In consideration of the transfer of the power business, each
shareholder of ABB has been allotted one share in ABB Alstom Power India
Ltd. for every share held in the company.

Capital:
The Authorised Share Capital of the Company is Rs.500,000,000 divided into
212,500,000 Equity Shares of Rs.2/- each and 750,000 – 11% Redeemable 10
years, Cumulative Preference Shares of Rs.100/- each.

The Issued, Subscribed and Paid-up share capital of the Company, as at the
end of the financial year ended December 31, 2007, is Rs.423,816,750/-,
consisting of 211,908,375 Equity Shares of the face value of Rs.2/- each.

ABB's presence in India

This section gives an overview of ABB's presence in India

ABB Businesses

7
ABB (www.abb.com) is a leader in power and automation technologies that
enable utility and industry customers to improve performance while lowering
environmental impact. The ABB Group of companies operates in around 100
countries and employs about 117,000 people.

Power Products

Power Products are the key components to transmit and distribute electricity.
The division incorporates ABB's manufacturing network for transformers,
switchgear, circuit breakers, cables and associated equipment. It also offers all
the services needed to ensure products' performance and extend their lifespan.
The division is subdivided into three business units.

Power Systems

Power Systems offers turnkey systems and services for power transmission
and distribution grids, and for power plants. Substations and substation
automation systems are key areas. Additional highlights include flexible
alternating current transmission systems (FACTS), high-voltage direct current
(HVDC) systems and network management systems. In power generation,
Power Systems offers the instrumentation, control and electrification of power
plants. The division is subdivided into four business units.

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 Discrete Automation and Motion

This division provides products, solutions and related services that increase
industrial productivity and energy efficiency. Its motors, generators, drives,
programmable logic controllers (PLCs), power electronics and robotics provide
power, motion and control for a wide range of automation applications.The
leading position in wind generators and a growing offering in solar complement
the industrial focus, leveraging joint technology, channels and operations
platforms.

Low Voltage Products

The Low Voltage Products division manufactures low-voltage circuit breakers,

switches, control products, wiring accessories, enclosures and cable systems
to protect people, installations and electronic equipment from electrical
overload. The division further makes KNX systems that integrate and automate
a building's electrical installations, ventilation systems, and security and data
communication networks.

Process Automation
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The main focus of this ABB business is to provide customers with products and
solutions for instrumentation, automation and optimization of industrial
processes. The industries served include oil and gas, power, chemicals and
pharmaceuticals, pulp and paper, metals and minerals, marine and
turbocharging. Key customer benefits include improved asset productivity and
energy savings.

ABB Mission and Goal

Mission : ABB is a global leader in power and automation technology that

enable utility and industry consumers to improve their performance while
lowering environmental impact. ABB’s vision is to be the “Value Creator”.

ABB always try to achieve and maintain leadership with a focus on technology,
reliability and safety in an environment of honesty, transparency and fairness
and contribute towards betterment of society.

Goal:- ABB always achieve a sustained Zero complaint in the product.

Company always try to secure health and safety of all the employees and
customers.

ABB Business principles

To build value, performance and leadership into ABB, responsibility, respect

and determination are key

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Assuming responsibility, and acting with respect and determination makes it
possible to nurture ABB’s traditional strengths – Their technology leadership,
their pioneering spirit and their ability to be at home everywhere.

The key to success lies in how well ABB understand and apply the business
principles – demonstrating personal, professional and corporate responsibility,
showing respect for the views and needs of others and applying our shared
determination to win.

ABB Code of Conduct

Each and every employee of ABB is bound by the code of conduct. This code
of conduct is based on their business principles i.e. the way they follow rules
and regulations of the company.

Importance of code of conduct in ABB?

Whatever change may be going on in the world around us, one thing remains
unchanged:

ABB’s commitment to maintain the highest standards of business ethics

and integrity.

Through its technology, ABB makes a major contribution to businesses and

communities around the world. However, it is not only what they do, but how
they do it which will determine our reputation with our stakeholders and help
ensure our continued success.

Their reputation is one of ABB’s most valuable assets. Like any asset, it must
be developed and protected.

The Code of Conduct is central to the way they protect and develop their
reputation. It is built on their business principles of Responsibility Respect and
Determination and describes how they are to behave, not just in general terms,
but when faced with a range of situations where their actions could have a
critical impact on the reputation of ABB.

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The Code goes beyond compliance with the laws and regulations wherever
they run their business. It demonstrates their commitment to acting ethically
and with integrity in every situation while at the same time respecting people’s
rights as individuals.

They want to be recognized as a world-class leader in everything they do, and

they want all our stakeholders to be proud of their association with ABB.

12
 INTRODUCTION
TO
PROJECT

INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

Project was divided into 2 phases: 1) Introduction Phase

2) Practical Implementation Phase.

1. INTRODUCTION PHASE

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This part focussed on gaining the working knowledge of the company. It
included getting familiar with:-

 Various departments

 Rules and Regulations

 Working Environment

 Terminologies being used.

I. Getting familiar with the environment ofABB and gaining basic

knowledge about how people work there.

Initial phase of training is aimed at introduction to the ABB India Pvt

Ltd, Faridabad. Two weeks were dedicated to it. Basic idea behind
it was to make us familiar with the environment of ABB and
understand their work pattern. We were introduced to various
managers. The aim of this was to give access to the information
which would help us in our project at training.

Following are the departments we were introduced to as a part

of training:-

a) Human Resource Department

b) Marketing Department

c) PTPS department

d) Administration

e) IT

a) Human Resource Department

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This was the first Department of the company that we were introduced to.
We were given an overview of the company (Its origin and its
achievements in the past years of existence.)

HR Department is responsible for managing people. They are responsible

for the hiring, motivating and maintaining people in the organization. They
used to do appraisals, performance evaluation and concerned with
running various employees oriented functions.

Hierarchy of designations followed in this department is:

HR

SENIOR MANAGER

HR HR HR

MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER

ASSOCIATES ASSOCIATES ASSOCIATES

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TRAINEE TRAINEE TRAINEE TRAINEE TRAINEE

b) Marketing Department

This department is responsible for making all kind of negotiations and

agreements with the customers.

In ABB, this department performs following Roles and

Responsibilities:-

 Filling in the quotations for the tenders.

 Making price negotiations with the customers.

 Deciding upon the total cost of a particular project.

 Deciding the margin (profit) to be taken or expected (in terms of actual

facts and figures) from a particular project.

 Asking the project management team to check on the feasibility of the

project(means checking whether the price and margin which is
considered in actually feasible or not i.e. whether the project can be
completed by taking these prices and margin.)

 Working on contract with the customer.

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 Making all the necessary pre communication (communication that
takes place before the contract in finalised) with the customer.

 Satisfying customer needs and requirements in all respect.

c) PTPS Department

This is the department which actually carries out the project after the
contract is worked out by the marketing department up to the completion.

Roles and responsibilities of this department are:-

 Check about the feasibility of the project i.e. to check whether the
project can be completed in the estimated cost as decided by the
marketing team or not.

 Take over all details about the project from the marketing department

 To inspect the site allotted by the client, and check the availability of
water, electricity and other necessary things.

 To prepare a strategy for the entire project.

 To ensure that the project is started and completed on the scheduled

date.

 To constantly monitor the progress of the project.

 To make sure that the budgeted cost is accurately followed.

 To ensure the constant supply of raw material, labour and other

necessary things on the site.
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 To constantly be in contact with the client and provide them with
regular updates of the work.

 To constantly visit the site and directly monitor the work there.

 To get all the approval (from legal fronts as well) from the government
or required authority.

 To ensure that all work is being done by keeping the code of conduct
followed in ABB in mind.

 To ensure safety in all respect.

Hierarchy of designations followed for a particular project in this

department is:-

d) Administration Department

This department is responsible for maintaining and regulating all the

details like employees salaries, promotion etc…

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Roles and Responsibilities of this department are:-

 To maintain record of personal details of each and every employee.

 To manage salaries of every employee.

 To handle promotion related issues.

 To ensure security in ABB campus.

 To handle all the communications within the company.

e) IT Department

A team from IBM Technologies is handling all the networking in ABB.

They are responsible for making all the necessary arrangements related
to

 Networking

 Internet Facility

 Software Handling support

 Maintenance of all the laptops and desktops

 Monitoring the server and constantly updating it.

 Updating and maintaining the website of ABB.

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All IT related support is provided by this department in ABB.

II. Concepts and Terminologies

a) Concepts:-

 Project Management

• Project management is the discipline of planning,

organizing, and managing resources to bring about the
successful completion of specific project goals.

• What makes project management different is its approach

to task which besides its specifications , is fully bound by
time , cost and performance targets

• The project lives between the two cut-off points and the
time-span is known as Project life cycle.
• It can be viewed as:

Plan:-It involves following questions: what, when Plan

How, where, who, why, how much.

Programme
Programme:-Defining Activities and Developing
Project
a Strategy for Execution, Adding Time.
Work
Scheduling:-Improvement on Steps 1 and 2 Package
and Allocation of Resource
Task
Organising:- To meet the Need of the Project
Activity
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 as Finally Scheduled

Budgeting:-Details the Master Budget Made in Step 3

Acitivity:- Designing a control system, basically time ,cost

and quality

 Success of project

• It must get completed

• Must be completed within budget

• Must be completed within allocated time

• Must perform to satisfaction

 Project Planning and Organising

• Project Plan Objectives:-

o Timely and economical implementation

o Define the scope before drawing up a detailed plan

o Model of Project Planning Process

• Project Planning process:- It can be shown with the help

of following diagram :

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22
23
 Project Development Cycle

• Conception Phase: germination of project idea

o Ideas to be put in black and white and compared

o Neither to be avoided / truncated nor to go for

implementation plans

• Definition Phase: develop the idea in to a detailed

document

o Suitable for customer and/or financial and other

agencies

o May cover specifications,time frame,financing etc

• Planning and Organising Phase: Project Execution

Plan

o Overlaps with other phases

o Project infrastructure,System design and

engineering,Manpower ,Schedules and
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 Budgets,Licensing if any and Govt. clearances,
Finance, PMIS and procedure,Identification of PM,
Conditions for purchase and contracts,Site
preparation,Work packaging etc.

o Does not limit to paperwork and thinking but field

work also

o Decisions taken here relate to project basics

• Implementation Phase: Above 80 % volume of project

work

o Detailed specifications, Consultants, Design and

drawings, Procurement,Construction,Installation and
commissioning etc

o All techniques of project management applied

essentially for fast track completion

o Meticulous coordination and control

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 • Project Clean-up Phase: handing over

o Document,O&M manuals are catalogued and

handed over

o Contractual obligations fulfilled

o Accounts closed

 Logical Framework Analysis (WBS)

26
It is a fundamental project management technique for defining
and organizing the total scope of the project, using a
hierarchical tree structure.

The first two levels of the WBS (the root and the level 2)
define a set of planned outcomes that collectively and
exclusively represent 100% of the project scope. At
each subsequent level, the children of a parent node
collectively and exclusively represent 100% of the scope of
their parent node. A well designed WBS describes planned
outcomes instead of planned actions. A well designed WBS
makes it easy to assign any project activity to one and only
one terminal element of the WBS.

• Hierarchy of Work

o Job must be broken down into objectives, then into

tasks, and finally into activities.

o Objectives are big chunks of the project which when

added together accomplish the project goal.

• Objectives

o An objective is a combination of task that concern

specific functional groups, major contractors, major
sub-assemblies or some other logical division of the
total project

• Tasks

o A task represents one of several major deliverables

towards an objective.

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 • Activities

o An activities is a time consuming piece of work with a

definite beginning and a definite end.

Sample WBS:

 Scheduling Techniques

• Precedence Relationship

Precautions:

o Precedence adds time

o Fewer precedence steps result in more parallel

activities

o Test each precedence and question its necessity

o Mistake in precedence relationships show up in later

stages of the project

o To deal with the unexpected:

28
 Have all the expected eventualities planned for , and then
you can add some elbow room to cope with the unexpected.

• Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

Characteristics:

o to plan for best possible use of resources to achieve

a given goal within time and cost limitations

o enables management to control “one -of-a-kind”

programs as opposed to repetitive situations

o influence of time delays in certain elements on

project completion;helps evaluation of alternatives

o obtains facts for decision making

o time-network analysis is used as methodology

o provides basic structure for reporting information

Basic requirements :

o follow the WBS

o events and activities must be sequenced under a

logical set of ground rules;Networks can have up to
one hundred or more events but not less than twenty

o time estimates on a three way basis;Optimistic,Most

likely and pessimistic

o critical path and slack times are computed

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• Project Execution Plan

o In a typical scheduling and monitoring system using

network and computer , the starting point is the
Project execution plan

o Then master network ,purchase schedule and

tender schedule are developed simultaneously

o 7-C model :Conceiving ,Concurring ,Committing

,Communicating, Coordinating, Counseling and
Controlling

o Planning : Conceiving ,Scheduling :

Committing,Communicating, Coordinating ,
Monitoring : Counseling and Controlling

Network :

o Heart of the system

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o Provides visibility to all concerned not only about
their interdependence but also what is ahead of them
and what may happen should there be a change in
the desired relationship

o Arithmetically a network computes time ,cost and

resources requirement and highlights the importance
of each element leading to self regulation or
management by exception

Procedure :

o Should be simple in nature

o Front end activities should be kept detailed and the

far end kept summarised

o Each agency responsible for a particular work

package is asked to submit a detailed schedule
supported by list of drawings ,equipment and
construction work properly referenced with schedule

o The schedule is linked with the summarised activities

appearing in the network

Graphical Representation :

o A Project Execution Plan can be represented

graphically as follows :

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 PR O JE C T E X E
PL A N

SY S& P R O C W O R K PK G CO N T R ACT IN
ORG
.PL A N
PL AN PL A N PL AN

PU R P R O J M A ST E R TENDER
SC H E D U L E SC E D U L E SC H E D U L E

D R AWIN G
E N G SC H
L I ST

D E T AIL E D
E Q PT N E T WO R K PR O C
L I ST SC H

C O N ST 32 C O N ST
WO R K IT E M SC H

COM
 Tender Process

This Tender Process (or "Invitation to Tender" process)

will help you to take the steps needed to appoint preferred
suppliers to your organization.
It takes you through the process of releasing a suite of
Tender Documents, to find the right supplier at the right
time.
By using this Invitation to Tender process, you can quickly
find and contract one or more suppliers efficiently.

33
 This Tender Process helps you with:

Creating a Statement of Work

Issuing a Request for Information

Completing a Request for Proposal

Selecting one or more preferred suppliers

The Tender Process will also help you to:

Define the roles of staff involved in the Invitation

to Tender

Evaluate and prioritize the supplier's proposals

Monitor and control supplier relationships

By using this Invitation to Tender process, you can

ensure that you choose the best available supplier, at
the best price.
b) Terminologies

 Sub station

An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity

generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage
is transformed from high to low or the reverse using
transformers. Electric power may flow through several
substations between generating plant and consumer, and may
be changed in voltage in several steps.

A substation that has a step-up transformer increases the

voltage while decreasing the current, while a step-down
transformer decreases the voltage while increasing the current
for domestic and commercial distribution.

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General diagram can be shown as follows:

G Trans Distri
form butiio
er

Power is generated at power station may be either through

wind,water or coal.. and is transmitted through conductors
(insulated cables) at a very high volatage of greater than 765kv
so as to reduce losses at transmission (because during
transmission current is lost as there is a large distance between
the substation and place where it is actually to be distributed, so
to reduce this loss, voltage is stepped up using transformer,as P
= VI , and losses = I2R, so reduce the losses voltage need to be
increased)

 Budgeted Cost

A cost included in a budget representing the cost expected to

be incurred by a budget centre, cost centre, cost unit, product,
process, or job.

The amount of cost that is budgeted to be incurred during a

period or process i.e. for the normal/budgeted activity .

It is obtained as the product of the budgeted activity and the

budgeted rate.

BUDGETED COST =

• Budgeted Output X Budgeted Rate Per Unit

This is when absorption is to be made on per unit basis.

• Budgeted Time X Budgeted Rate Per Hour(unit time)

This is when absorption is to be made on per hour basis.

 PROFIT MARGIN

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 Also known as the margin of profit, a profit margin is simply the
difference between sales generated and the cost to produce
each of the units sold. The ratio is sometimes defined as a gross
profit margin or a net profit margin, depending on the nature of
the data that is under consideration. Businesses of all types pay
close attention to profit margins, since they provide invaluable
information that helps to assess the current financial status of
the company.

The profit margin ratio can be calculated in several different

ways. In most applications, the ratio requires that the total cost
of producing a good or service must be determined. This means
accounting for the costs associated with raw materials,
production equipment, salaries and wages of those involved in
the production, packaging costs, and marketing expenses. Once
the company has determined exactly how much it costs to
produce one unit of this good or service, it is possible to set a
price for the unit. The difference between the sales price and the
cost of producing that one unit is the profit margin on that
particular unit.

For example, if a company generated sales of $5 billion US

Dollars (USD) and it cost the company $3 billion USD to produce
those goods, the company would have a profit of $2 billion USD.
That amount would be presented as a 40% profit margin.

 Target Cost

A target cost is the maximum amount of cost that can be

incurred on a product and with it the firm can still earn the
required profit margin from that product at a particular selling
price. In the traditional cost-plus pricing method materials, labor
and overhead costs are measured and a desired profit is added
to determine the selling price. Target costing involves setting a
target cost by subtracting a desired profit margin from a
competitive market price.

36
 A lengthy but complete definition is "Target Costing is a
disciplined process for determining and achieving a full-stream
cost at which a proposed product with specified functionality,
performance, and quality must be produced in order to generate
the desired profitability at the product’s anticipated selling price
over a specified period of time in the future."

This definition encompasses the principal concepts: products

should be based on an accurate assessment of the wants and
needs of customers in different market segments, and cost
targets should be what result after a sustainable profit margin is
subtracted from what customers are willing to pay at the time of
product introduction and afterwards.
These concepts are supported by the four basic steps of Target
Costing: (1) Define the Product

(2) Set the Price and Cost Targets

(3) Achieve the Targets

(4) Maintain Competitive Costs.

 Critical Path

The critical path is one having longest-time span through the

total system of events. For example in the below network the
possible paths and total time of each path are:

Path Total time

1-2-5 : 28
1-2-3-4-5 : 25
1-3-4-5 : 22
The Critical path in the above network composed of events 1-2-
5, being longest time-span among the three paths. The critical

37
 path is vital for successful control of the project because it
provides information to the management on two things:

o Because there is no slack time in any of the events on the

path, any delay will cause a corresponding delay in the end-
date of the program, unless the delay can recovered during
any of the downstream events on the critical path.
o Because of the event on this path are the most critical for the
success of the project management must take a hard look at
this event, in order to improve the total program. Also if we
want to reduce the total duration of a project we should be
able to reduce the time taken by activity on the critical path.

 Logical Sequence

It means prioritizing activities to accomplish the project’s goals or

objectives.

Why it is important?

• By doing so, the project manager and the core team can
efficiently plan and organize resources for each activity,

• Objectively measure achievement of goals and justify their

decisions to move ahead, correct, or terminate.

38
 Risk Planning

 RACI Charts

Roles and Responsibilites for tasks in Project Management

process

• Responsible : The person involved in performing the

committed task who has to make something happen. The
degree of responsibility is defined by the accountable
person. Responsibility can be shared amongst different
persons.
• Accountable: The person who has the power of veto and
carries the can if it all goes wrong and is in charge of the
fact that the task will be performed:
- in the right way
- with the right outcomes
- in the assigned time
- with the involvement of the right resources.
This person has the power to make the final decision.
Important: For each task there is one and only one “A”.
• Informed: The individuals that must always be informed
after a decision/action is taken or a
task is executed.

39
Sample RACIChart

Order Preparation

Purchasing/Supply Management
Roles

Activities
Commissioning Lead

Quality Assurance
Engineering Lead
Project Manager

Installation Lead

Management

Customer
Finance

Sales
Legal
1 Contract Analysis A/R C C

2 Order Entry A/R R

Order
3 Acknowledgment A/R R I I

4 Process Plan A/R R R R I R

5 Quality Plan A/R R I

6 Basic Project Planning A/R C C C C I

10

40
 2. PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

This part involves handling actual running projects under the supervision
of project managers.

Projects that were assigned are :-

a) G-05

b) Nabinagar

G-05

 About project

This project was started on 2nd march 2010.

Client of this project is HVPNL(Haryana Vidyut Parisan Nigam

Ltd.)

This project is about building 220 KV substations.

This project is divided into 2 packages :

• Package A:

Cost of this package is 497,930,130 INR

It consisted of Building substation at 2 locations namely:

o Masudpur (Hansi), Haryana

o Sangwan (Tosham) , Haryana

• Package B:

Cost of this package is 443,202,111 INR

It consisted of Building substation at 2 locations namely:

41
 Raiwali (Panchkula), Haryana

A-5 Faridabad (upgradation of 66KV S/Stn. A-Faridabad) Haryana

 Group Process

Group process consists of all the necessary details of the project

like project description, its scope, its process, communication
plan etc. This is required to made for every project and generally
it is made by project manager or assistant project manager.

It has following contents:-

• Order Preparation(handing over) to be received

From marketing

• Project Description

• Process Plan(process elements applicability

Summary)

• Communication Plan

• MOM Internal Kickoff

• MOM Customer Kickoff

• Project review(executive summary)

• Project close out report

• Risk review report

• Acceptance report

• RACI chart

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Nabinagar

 About project

This project was started on 27nd march 2010.

Client of this project is BRBCL(Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Co. Ltd.)

This project is about building 400/132 KV Switchyard package

for 4 * 250 MW TPP – Nabinagar.

 Scope Of Project

Turnkey solution comprising of design, engineering,

manufacture, testing and inspection at manufacture's works,
packing supply, transportation, transit insurance, delivery to site,
insurance and equipment erection including associate civil and
structural unloading and handling at site, storage. works. Also
include cabling, lighting, lightning protection, earthing
association of sub vendors in the erection, supervision site
testing, inspection and commissioning of 400/132kV switchyard.

 Cost Of Project

Cost of whole project including supply, civil and erection is:

452109011 INR.

 Engineering Weightages

Engineering weights are calculated for every activity and

element in the project on the basis of its assigned priority.

These weights are used to calculate percentages which are then

used to make S-curve to measure the progress of the project.

For Nabinagar project engineering weightages in form of

percentages is shown in the figure below:-

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 P r o g r eM s sa rA- 1

% M o n t h 0 l y. 0 P02 l%a.
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 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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Methodology used is Analysis and Descriptive.

 Tools used are :

• MS Project:- For making various pert charts and to find

out critical paths used for project planning

• S-Curve:- Used to measure progress of the project.

Objective:-

 To learn about roles and responsibilities of a manager

 To get and judge the opinions of the employees toward planning

methodologies.

 To find out whether the planning methodologies have helped the

organization in bringing about on overall development of the
organization

 To understand tools used for measuring the progress of project.

Limitations:-

 Proper factual data was not imparted for analysis purpose.

 Not familiar with the tools used for planning.

 Proper resources were not available for interns like internet

facility.

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 DATA
ANALYSIS

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 DATA ANALYSIS

1. Tools used for analysis were: MS Project, S-Curve

a) S-Curve

The S Curve is a well known project management tool and it

consists in "a display of cumulative costs, labour hours or other
quantities plotted against time".The name derives from the S-like
shape of the curve, flatter at the beginning and end and steeper
in the middle, because this is the way most of the projects look
like.

The S curve can be considered as an indicator and it's used for

many applications related to project management such as:
target, baseline, cost, time etc.

In order to be able to generate a S Curve, A Baseline and

Production Schedule are necessary because they contain
important information for each task: -the Baseline - contains
information about Actual Start date and finish date.

• The Baseline - can also contain information about Man

Hours and costs.
• The Production Schedule- contains information about
the actual percentage complete.
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There are some software scheduling packages that generate
automatically S Curves. For example MS Project does not have
this possibility so a third party software application is needed to
process the Baseline and Production Schedule data and
generate the needed S Curve.( for example S Curve Generator
that integrates with MS E.

Sample project’s Curve

S-Curve for NabiNagar project

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b) MS Project

Microsoft Project (or MSP or WinProj) is a project management

software program developed and sold by Microsoft which is
designed to assist project managers in developing plans, assigning
resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing budgets and
analyzing workloads.

• The application creates critical path schedules, and

critical chain and event chain methodology third-party
add-ons are also available- Schedules can be resource
leveled, and chains are visualized in a Gantt chart.
Additionally, Project can recognize different classes of users.
These different classes of users can have differing access
levels to projects, views, and other data. Custom objects such
as calendars, views, tables, filters, and fields are stored in an
enterprise global which is shared by all users.
• Project creates budgets based on assignment work and
resource rates- As resources are assigned to tasks and
assignment work estimated, the program calculates the cost
equals the work times the rate, which rolls up to the task level
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 and then to any summary tasks and finally to the project level.
Resource definitions (people, equipment and materials) can
be shared between projects using a shared resource pool.

Each resource can have its own calendar, which defines

what days and shifts a resource is available. Resource rates
are used to calculate resource assignment costs which are
rolled up and summarized at the resource level. Each
resource can be assigned to multiple tasks in multiple plans
and each task can be assigned multiple resources, and the
application schedules task work based on the resource
availability as defined in the resource calendars. All resources
can be defined in an enterprise-wide resource pool.

• MS Project presumes additional physical raw materials

are always available without limit. Therefore it cannot
determine how many finished products can be produced with
a given amount of raw materials. This makes MS Project
unsuitable for solving problems of available materials
constrained production. Additional software is necessary to
manage a complex facility that produces physical goods

MS-Project Plan For Nabi Nagar Project

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2. SWOT Analysis Of ABB

 Strengths

• Broad product portfolio

• Wide geographic base
• Strong order book position
• Robust Growth rates in revenues and profits.
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 Weaknesses

• Sizeable non core activities

• Low production in off session
• Obsolete technology
• Less Manpower

 Oppurtunities

• Growing global demand for electricity

• Positive outlook for the oil and gas sector
• Organic and Inorganic growth

 Threats

• Increasing new material prices

• Intense competition
• Exposure to government regulations

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 FINDINGS
AND
SUGGESTIONS

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

a) FINDINGS

 Around 5000 pages contract is made for every project. It

includes every kind of communication taken place between the
marketing team and client before and after the contract is signed
i.e. pre-communication and post communication talks, Price
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 details, material details, duration, penalty clause, bank
guarantee etc.
 Extra stress is given on Code Of Conduct. This means that
each and every employee of ABB is bounded by code of
conduct. For example they cannot bribe any one for getting their
work done; they cannot accept any kind of gifts from any of their
clients etc.
 Shortage of WorkForce. Every employee in ABB in overloaded
with work, and has to work under certain amount of pressure.
Every Project Manager is handling around 5 to 6 Projects
simultaneously because of which their efficiency is going down.
 Canteen timings not feasible. Canteen is only accessible from
12:30 pm to 2.30 pm throughout the day and there is no
arrangement for snacks and other necessary things in between.
 Work Timings: Reporting time for each and every employee in
the office is 9 a.m. and leaving time is 6.pm. but because of their
work load employee have no fixed time to return because of
which their social life is cut off.
 Findings related to projects:-
• In A-5 faridabad, Issues are :-

1) Problem of the neighbouring quarters. Even though they

had started the demolition activities of quarters under
HVPN supervision, but the same had to be suspended on
account of opposition by neighbouring occupants.

2) ABB is not in a position to start their office and store

activities, as the equipments are lying at space identified/
decided for ABB office & store.
• In Sangwan, Issue is :-
Some FGL (Finished Ground Level) is to be provided by the
client on the site before work can be started there, which was
not yet made available by the client i.e. HVPNL

b) SUGGESTIONS

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 Recruitment of fresh engineers must be done in order to
release stress from employee and also to increase their
efficiency,otherwise the employees will start loosing their interest
in their jobs and will for a switch over.
 Fixed office timings : As there is fixed reporting time similarly
there must be fixed leaving time as well so that employee can
enjoy thei personal life as well.
 Canteen must be accessible through out the day.As anyone
can feel hungry anytime during a course of time.
 Suggestions for the project : A Letter from the concerned
authority should be send to HVPNL mentioning details of all the
issues in the project and was asked to take immediate action
against it as if the project is delayed than ABB will be
unnecessarily charged penalties like liquidity damages.

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WEBLIOGRAPHY

WEBLIOGRAPHY

Following web sites were referred for making this project report:

a) www.google.co.in
b) www.abb.co.in
c) www.wikipedia.com
d) www.electricsubstationsafety.com
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