The Philippines (
The Philippines (
The Philippines (
With an estimated population of about 92 million people, the Philippines is the world's
12th most populous country. It is thought that there are an additional 11 million overseas
Filipinos worldwide. Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands.
In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelago's earliest inhabitants. They
were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples who brought with them
influences from Malay, Hindu, and Islamic cultures. Trade introduced Chinese cultural
influences.
The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 marked the beginning of an era of Spanish
interest, and eventual dominance. Manila emerged as the Asian hub of the Manila–
Acapulco galleon treasure fleet. Christianity became widespread. As the 19th century
gave way to the 20th, there followed in quick succession the short-lived Philippine
Revolution, the Spanish-American War, and the Philippine-American War. In the
aftermath, the United States replaced Spain as the dominant power. Aside from the period
of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until the
end of World War II when the Philippines gained independence. The United States
bequeathed to the Philippines the English language and an affinity for Western culture.
Since independence the Philippines has had an often tumultuous experience with
democracy and political corruption, with popular "People Power" movements
overthrowing a dictatorship in one instance but also underlining the institutional
weaknesses of its constitutional republic in others.