Republic of The Philippines (Filipino: Republika NG Pilipinas), Is A Country in Southeast

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The Philippines ( i /ˈfɪlɪpiːnz/; Filipino: Pilipinas [ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs]), officially known as the

Republic of the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas), is a country in Southeast


Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West
across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the
country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other
islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the
Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes
and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one
of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands,
the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon,
Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.

With an estimated population of about 94 million people, the Philippines is the world's
12th most populous country. An additional 11 million Filipinos live overseas. Multiple
ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos
were some of the archipelago's earliest inhabitants. They were followed by successive
waves of Austronesian peoples who brought with them influences from Malay, Hindu,
and Islamic societies. Trade introduced Chinese cultural influences.

The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 marked the beginning of an era of Spanish
interest and eventual dominance. Manila emerged as the Asian hub of the Manila–
Acapulco galleon fleet. Missionary work led to widespread Christianity. As the
19th century gave way to the 20th, there followed in quick succession the short-lived
Philippine Revolution, the Spanish-American War, and the Philippine-American War. In
the aftermath, the United States replaced Spain as the dominant power. Aside from the
period of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands
until the end of World War II when the Philippines gained independence. The United
States bequeathed to the Philippines the English language and a stronger affinity for
Western culture. Since independence the Philippines has had an often tumultuous
experience with democracy, with popular "People Power" movements overthrowing a
dictatorship in one instance but also underlining the institutional weaknesses of its
constitutional republic in others.

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