Isotopes Lesson

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Name Date Period

Subatomic Heavyweights
You are about to take a look at a bunch of different atoms and will need to be able to quickly tell apart the
different elements. So, here’s a question that should help you get started with your task…
1. How many protons would you find in the nucleus of each of the following elements?
a. Carbon? c. Oxygen? e. Nitrogen?

b. Hydrogen? d. Boron?

Now, go back and sort out your cards into 5 piles, one for each element listed above. Then, write the letter of
the card next to the element that you think it represents in the chart below. Raise your hand when you think
you are finished and Mrs. Newman or Mr. Courtney will come check it out.
P
Element Carbon Key to Subatomic Particles
Hydrogen Oxygen Boron Nitrogen
Letters Protons
Neutrons
Correct?
Electrons
Once that is checked, fill out the chart below, counting up the
protons, neutrons and electrons in each atom—skip the last 2
columns for now. You can split it up so that each person in your group has one element.

Elemen Letter Number of Number of Number of


Mass Number ZAX
t Protons Neutrons Electrons
C

B
B

Analysis

1. How did you figure out which atoms were Boron?

2. Looking at the carbon atoms on your chart, what does each carbon atom have in common?

3. Again looking at the C atoms, what is DIFFERENT about each atom?


4. Check this hypothesis for the other atoms you looked at and see if it is true for all of them! 

Notes

- Isotope:

o This does NOT change the identity of the element because the number of
has not changed!!
- Mass number: +

A X = Chemical symbol of the element


Z X Z = Atomic number = Number of Protons
A = Mass number

Examples:

1. Write the ZAX notation for an element with 4 protons and 5 neutrons.

2. Write the ZAX notation for nitrogen when it has 7 neutrons.

3. Write the ZAX notation for the carbon-14 isotope.


Now, fill in those last 2 columns on your chart on the front!

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