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    Solaris Cheat Sheet: Smit

    Uploaded by

    KevinNilsson
    This document provides a cheat sheet for common Solaris system administration tasks. It includes commands for checking system information like processes, filesystem usage, and network interfaces. It also describes how to perform user management, configure cron jobs, manage NFS shares, and work with volumes/disks. Key points covered are that /tmp is volatile, Smit is not used for server management, and that Solaris supports both native Solaris Volume Manager and third-party Veritas Volume Manager for logical volume management.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Solaris Cheat Sheet: Smit

    Uploaded by

    KevinNilsson
    3K views6 pages
    This document provides a cheat sheet for common Solaris system administration tasks. It includes commands for checking system information like processes, filesystem usage, and network interfaces. It also describes how to perform user management, configure cron jobs, manage NFS shares, and work with volumes/disks. Key points covered are that /tmp is volatile, Smit is not used for server management, and that Solaris supports both native Solaris Volume Manager and third-party Veritas Volume Manager for logical volume management.

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    This document provides a cheat sheet for common Solaris system administration tasks. It includes commands for checking system information like processes, filesystem usage, and network interfaces. It also describes how to perform user management, configure cron jobs, manage NFS shares, and work with volumes/disks. Key points covered are that /tmp is volatile, Smit is not used for server management, and that Solaris supports both native Solaris Volume Manager and third-party Veritas Volume Manager for logical volume management.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    3K views6 pages

    Solaris Cheat Sheet: Smit

    Uploaded by

    KevinNilsson
    This document provides a cheat sheet for common Solaris system administration tasks. It includes commands for checking system information like processes, filesystem usage, and network interfaces. It also describes how to perform user management, configure cron jobs, manage NFS shares, and work with volumes/disks. Key points covered are that /tmp is volatile, Smit is not used for server management, and that Solaris supports both native Solaris Volume Manager and third-party Veritas Volume Manager for logical volume management.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    Smit:
    There is no tool like smit in Solaris, server management is handled through manually
    editing config files.

    /tmp:
    /tmp is volatile in Solaris, it uses virtual memory, if it fills the server freezes. Files in this
    directory are deleted at reboot

    Restart Server:
    # init 6

    Shutdown Server:
    # init 5

    Check ethernet adapters:


    # ifconfig -a

    Check System config:


    # prtdiag -v |more

    Check processes running on server:


    # ps -ef

    Performance checking commands:


    # iostat
    # mpstat
    # vmstat
    # top (like topaz)
    # /usr/ucb/ps aux

    Check filesystems:
    # df -h

    Find large files:


    # find /var -ls -fstype ufs -xdev| sort -rn +6 | head -n 10

    (this find command works on Solaris, Linux and AIX. Just change the fstype)

    Or you can use du


    # du -sh

    Log files:
    /var/adm/messages There is no function similar to errpt in Solaris you
    /var/log/syslog have to search the logs (grep -i error /var/adm/messages)
    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    See to Solaris version:


    # cat /etc/release /etc/release gives more specific OS information.
    # uname -a

    Change owner/group of file:


    # chown user:group filename
    # chgrp group filename

    Change permissions of file:


    # chmod 755 file
    # chmod u+rwx

    User and group information stored in:


    /etc/passwd
    /etc/group
    /etc/shadow (similar to /etc/security/passwd in AIX)

    Filesystems file:
    /etc/vfstab (similar to /etc/filesystem in AIX)

    Create a soft link:


    # ln -s /file/to/be/linked linkname

    Create user:
    The user home directory varies on some systems (it is in different locations on servers
    built by vendors) always check /etc/passwd to see where home directories are located
    before building user.

    The following example is building my id

    UID=10126
    Primary group= webdev
    Secondary groups = jms and cds
    Homedir= /usr/home/pstrader (-m switch automatically creates home dir)
    Shell = /usr/bin/bash
    Comment=User's Name

    # useradd -u 10126 -g webdev -G jms,cds -d /usr/home/pstrader -m -s /usr/bin/bash -c


    "Paul Strader" pstrader

    Note: if you don't give the ID a password the user cannot log in.

    To set (or reset) password:


    # passwd pstrader
    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    Crontab commands:
    # crontab -e
    # crontab -l

    Crontab allow/deny files:


    /etc/cron.d/cron.allow
    /etc/cron.d/cron.deny

    Crontab Syntax:
    minute (0-59) hour (0-23) day of the month (1-31) month of the year (1-12), day of the
    week (0-6 with 0=Sunday) Command

    00,30 * * * * /usr/local/bin/hsmDiskSpaceTrending.sh > /dev/null 2>&1

    NFS mount nim03:/install onto Solaris server:


    mount -F nfs -o vers=3 nim03:/install /mnt

    How to make NFS mount persistent:


    Add a tab delimited entry into the filesystem file /etc/vsftab

    Here is an example on how to configure a read/write mount point:


    # vi /etc/vfstab

    lp-media01:/dsu3/agfa - /backup nfs - yes rw,soft

    Always make the mount is soft or your server won't come up is the mount is unavailable.

    Exporting an NFS filesystem:

    Add and entry to /etc/dfs/dfstab

    Example to share the /usr/local filesystem on a machine so server1 can mount it in


    read/write mode:
    share -F nfs -o rw=server1.co.ihc.com -d "comment field" /usr/local/

    Then type:
    # shareall

    To unshared an NFS filesystem


    # unshare /filesystem or # unshare all (to unshared everything)

    To View shared resources:


    # dfshares

    Starting NFS Solaris 10:


    # svcadm -v enable -r network/nfs/server
    # svcadm -v enable -r network/nfs/client
    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    Volume/Disk Management:

    Historically, Solaris didn't have a good native volume management system. There is a
    new product, ZFS, that has fixed this, but none of our servers are currently running this
    since it is rather new.

    The previous product that Solaris shipped is called Solaris Volume Manager (formerly
    called Solstice Disk Suite). Generally, I use Solaris volume manager to mirror or
    concatenate disks into large volumes, and little else.

    A third party product, Veritas Volume Manger, is available as provides functionality


    much the same as LVM in AIX and Redhat Linux.

    If there is no volume management installed you are reliant on doing the old fashion
    partition your disk, create filesystems on the partitions, and mount the filesystems.

    You can tell which type to volume management there is on the server (or lack of volume
    management) by looking at the mounted devices.

    No volume management example:


    [root@lp-soadev01]# df -k
    Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on
    /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 53912637 6160740 47212771 12% /

    Veritas Volume Manager Example:


    [pstrader@lp-hsmp01]$ df -k
    Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on
    /dev/vx/dsk/bootdg/rootvol
    54253718 47334586 6376595 89% /

    Solaris Volume Manager:


    [pstrader@os1ld]$ df -k
    Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on
    /dev/md/dsk/d0 5170926 123812 4995405 3% /

    Servers that use no Volume Management:


    lp-soadev01 Since there is no volume management and
    lp-soaqa01 these servers aren't attached to the SAN,
    lp-soaqa02 there is no way to grow the filesystems
    lp-sosprd01 on these servers.
    lp-soaprd02
    lpv-soastg01

    Servers that use Veritas Volume Manager:


    HSM Chris Killinger and Ben Barrett can add disk and grow
    space on these servers

    Servers that use Solaris Volume manager:


    lp-miqs Both of these servers are managed by the vendor
    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    os1ld (AGFA) they will know how to add space.


    Command line mount Example:

    # mount /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s3 /var


    # mount /dev/vx/dsk/bootdg/var /var
    # mount /dev/md/dsk/d3 /var

    FSCK:
    Make sure to do the raw device and fsck multiple times until no errors reported

    fsck -Y /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s3
    fsck -Y /dev/vx/rdsk/bootdg/var
    fsck -Y /dev/md/rdsk/d3

    FSCK vxfs filesystem type (Veritas proprietary filesystem (non-root vols) on HSM:

    fsck -F vxfs -o full,nolog /dev/vx/rdsk/pcecho_dg/pcecho_vol

    FSCK a vxfs Filesystem (Veritas proprietary filesystem (non-root vols) on HSM:


    fsck -F vxfs -o full,nolog /dev/vx/rdsk/exampledg/vol01
    pass0 - checking structural files
    pass1 - checking inode sanity and blocks
    pass2 - checking directory linkage
    pass3 - checking reference counts
    pass4 - checking resource maps
    OK to clear log? (ynq)y
    flush fileset headers? (ynq)y
    set state to CLEAN? (ynq)y

    Swap space:
    List swap space:
    # swap -l

    Create more swap:

    Create 2G file named /usr/home/swap/swap1


    # mkfile 2048m /usr/home/swap/swap1

    Add the swap space:


    # swap -a /usr/home/swap/swap1

    You will need to add this to /etc/vfstab to make it persistent (remember this is a tab
    delimited file)

    # vi /etc/vfstab
    Solaris Cheat Sheet

    swap - /usr/home/swap/swap1 tmpfs - yes -

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