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    Extraction of IRON FROM ORE - Putligarh (G) - Amritsar

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    Iron is an important metal that makes up 21% of the Earth's crust. It has an electronic configuration of 2,8,8,6,2 and belongs to the transition group in the periodic table. Important iron ores include hematite, magnetite, limonite, iron pyrites, and siderite. Cast iron is extracted from hematite through a process involving concentration, calcination, and smelting in a blast furnace. During calcination, impurities are removed through decomposition and escape as gases. In the blast furnace, coke is used as a fuel and reducing agent to produce carbon monoxide, which then reacts with iron oxide at high temperatures to produce liquid iron, also called cast iron

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    Extraction of IRON FROM ORE - Putligarh (G) - Amritsar

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    105 views6 pages
    Iron is an important metal that makes up 21% of the Earth's crust. It has an electronic configuration of 2,8,8,6,2 and belongs to the transition group in the periodic table. Important iron ores include hematite, magnetite, limonite, iron pyrites, and siderite. Cast iron is extracted from hematite through a process involving concentration, calcination, and smelting in a blast furnace. During calcination, impurities are removed through decomposition and escape as gases. In the blast furnace, coke is used as a fuel and reducing agent to produce carbon monoxide, which then reacts with iron oxide at high temperatures to produce liquid iron, also called cast iron

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    Iron is an important metal that makes up 21% of the Earth's crust. It has an electronic configuration of 2,8,8,6,2 and belongs to the transition group in the periodic table. Important iron ores include hematite, magnetite, limonite, iron pyrites, and siderite. Cast iron is extracted from hematite through a process involving concentration, calcination, and smelting in a blast furnace. During calcination, impurities are removed through decomposition and escape as gases. In the blast furnace, coke is used as a fuel and reducing agent to produce carbon monoxide, which then reacts with iron oxide at high temperatures to produce liquid iron, also called cast iron

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    105 views6 pages

    Extraction of IRON FROM ORE - Putligarh (G) - Amritsar

    Uploaded by

    api-3731257
    Iron is an important metal that makes up 21% of the Earth's crust. It has an electronic configuration of 2,8,8,6,2 and belongs to the transition group in the periodic table. Important iron ores include hematite, magnetite, limonite, iron pyrites, and siderite. Cast iron is extracted from hematite through a process involving concentration, calcination, and smelting in a blast furnace. During calcination, impurities are removed through decomposition and escape as gases. In the blast furnace, coke is used as a fuel and reducing agent to produce carbon monoxide, which then reacts with iron oxide at high temperatures to produce liquid iron, also called cast iron

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    IRON

    It is about 21% of total metal of earth’s crust and 6.2%


    of total elements. It belongs to transition group of the
    periodic table. Its electronic configuration is 2,8,8,6,2.

    1)Important
    1)Important ores of iron
    (i) Haematite Fe2O3
    (ii) Magnetite Fe3O4
    (iii) Limonite Fe2O3,3H2O
    (iv) Iron pyrites FeS2
    (v) Sidrite FeCO3
    2) Extraction of iron:- Cast iron is
    extracted from haematite. It involves following steps:

    (i) Concentration of ore:- First


    of all ore is crushed into minute particles and the
    crushed ore is concentrated by gravity separation
    method.
    (ii) Calcination:- Concentrated ore is
    calcinated in a furnace. During calcinations moisture
    is removed. Impurities like Sulphur changes into
    sulphur dioxide and Arsenic into arsenic oxide
    (AS2O3) phosphorus to phosphorus oxide (P4O10), all
    escape out in the form of gases.

    (iii) Smelting:- Iron oxide is reduced with


    carbon. Process of smelting is done in blast furnace.
    Calcinated iron oxide is added in blast furnace
    along with coke. Coke serves as fuel as well as
    reducing agent. Lime is also added in the blast
    furnace which serves as flux. The following reaction
    takes place in the furnace.
    (a)
    At the base of the furnace coke reacts with
    oxygen to produce carbon dioxide which moves
    up and a lot of heat is produced.
    C + O2 CO2
    Coke Oxygen
    Carbon dioxide
    As the carbon dioxide moves upward it is brought in
    contact with coke and get converted into carbon
    monoxide.
    CO2 + C
    2CO
    Carbon dioxide Coke
    Carbon Mono-oxide
    At this zone temperature is 1475-1575 K.
    In the middle of the furnace temperature is
    (b)

    1075 to 1275 K. In this region calcium


    carbonate decomposes to produce calcium oxide
    & carbon dioxide. Calcium oxide so produced
    combines with silica to form slag.
    CaCO3 CaO
    + CO2
    Calcium carbonate Calcium oxide
    Carbon dioxide
    CaO + SiO2
    CaSiO3
    Calcium oxide Silica
    Calcium silicate (slag)
    (c)
    At the top portion of furnace the Iron oxide
    react with carbon monoxide to give liquid iron
    which moves towards the button of furnace &
    settled there. This iron is called Cast iron.

    Fe2O3 + 3CO Fe
    + CO2
    Ferric oxide Carbon Iron
    Carbon
    Monoxide
    dioxide
    PREPARED BY:-
    Megha Arora
    Ravina Chawla

    GUIDED BY:-
    Smt. Asha Rani
    Govt. Girls Sec. School, Putlighar, ASR.

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