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    Iron Extraction

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Montalvan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Iron Extraction

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Montalvan
    26 views19 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    26 views19 pages

    Iron Extraction

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Montalvan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    METAL

    EXTRACTION:
    CARBON
    REDUCTION
    LEARNING OBJECTIVES
    Understand the process of iron extraction using a blast furnace.
    Identify the raw materials needed for the process (coke, limestone, and iron ore).
    Write the chemical equations for the reactions occurring in the blast furnace.
    Explain the role of each raw material in the extraction process.
    Describe how impurities are removed during the process.
    SUCCESS CRITERIA
    Students can describe the role of the blast furnace in extracting iron.
    Students can explain the purpose of coke, limestone, and iron ore in the
    process.
    Students can write the balanced chemical equations for key reactions in the
    furnace.
    Students can explain how slag is formed and its purpose.
    WHAT IS AN ORE?
    An ore is the naturally
    ocurring mineral from
    which a metal can be
    extracted.

    Ex. The main iron ore is


    called Hematite. It
    contains Iron (III) oxide.
    Fe2O3
    METALS CAN BE
    EXTRACTED BY:

    Carbon Reduction Electrolysis


    We use Carbon
    Reduction for most
    metals because Carbon
    is more reactive than
    most metals found in
    their ores.
    Metals more reactive
    than carbon need a
    different process, called
    electrolyisis. We will
    study it at a later time.
    Carbon redcution to extract iron
    from its ore is done in a Blast
    Furnace.
    This is a blast furnace.

    It separates iron from


    impurities in the ore.
    Raw Materials for Iron
    Extraction
    Iron Ore (Hematite): Contains
    iron (Fe₂O₃).

    Coke: A form of carbon, used as


    a fuel and to reduce iron oxide.

    Limestone (CaCO₃): Removes


    impurities as slag.

    Air: Provides oxygen for


    combustion.
    The Blast Furnace Process –
    Overview
    The blast furnace works by:
    a. Burning coke to produce
    CO2.
    b. Reducing iron oxide
    (Fe₂O₃) to iron (Fe).
    c. Removing impurities as
    slag.
    Step 1:
    Burning Coke (Fuel)
    Coke burns in hot air,
    producing carbon dioxide:
    Equation: C + O₂ → CO₂
    This reaction provides the
    heat needed for the melting
    of the iron (~1000°C).
    Step 2 – Reducing Iron Ore
    Carbon dioxide reacts with
    more coke to form carbon
    monoxide:
    Equation: CO₂ + C → 2CO

    Carbon monoxide reduces the


    iron ore (Fe₂O₃) to iron:
    Equation: Fe₂O₃ + 3CO →
    2Fe + 3CO₂
    The iron
    Iron is now in its molten form. produced from
    the reduction will
    have (l) as it´s
    state symbol.
    Step 3 – Removing Impurities
    Limestone (CaCO₃) is added to
    remove impurities in the ore.
    Limestone breaks down into
    calcium oxide (CaO) and
    carbon dioxide:
    Equation: CaCO₃ → CaO +
    CO₂
    Calcium oxide reacts with
    impurities like silicon dioxide
    (SiO₂) to form slag:
    Equation: CaO + SiO₂ →
    CaSiO₃ (slag)
    The Role of Slag
    Slag is a by-product of the
    furnace.
    It is less dense than
    molten iron and floats on
    top, making it easy to
    remove.
    It prevents oxygen from
    reacting again with the
    molten iron.
    Slag can be used in road
    construction.
    Products of the Blast Furnace
    Molten Iron: Collected at
    the bottom of the furnace.
    Slag: Floats on top and
    protects the molten iron.
    Waste Gases: Carbon
    dioxide.
    A RECAP

    Reactants: Main Reactions:


    Iron ore (hematite) – Fe₂O₃ 1. Coke burns to form CO₂.
    Coke – C 2. CO reduces Fe₂O₃ to iron.
    Limestone – CaCO₃ 3. Limestone removes impurities as
    slag.
    Practice Questions
    1. What is the role of coke in the
    blast furnace?
    2. Write the chemical equation
    for the reduction of iron ore.
    3. Why is limestone added to the
    blast furnace?
    4. What is slag, and how is it
    formed?

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