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    Expt 06 Centripetal Force Lab

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    samruddhi1996
    1. The purpose of the experiment is to study centripetal force and its relationship to mass, velocity, and radius using a rotating rubber stopper attached to hanging masses. 2. A rubber stopper of mass m1 is rotated at the end of a cord of length r attached to hanging masses of different values m2. The time for 10 revolutions is measured and used to calculate angular velocity, tangential velocity, and centripetal force. 3. The calculations and measurements are recorded in a table and analyzed to determine if the relationship between centripetal force, mass, and velocity follows Newton's Second Law and the theoretical equations. Errors are also calculated.

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    Expt 06 Centripetal Force Lab

    Uploaded by

    samruddhi1996
    904 views3 pages
    1. The purpose of the experiment is to study centripetal force and its relationship to mass, velocity, and radius using a rotating rubber stopper attached to hanging masses. 2. A rubber stopper of mass m1 is rotated at the end of a cord of length r attached to hanging masses of different values m2. The time for 10 revolutions is measured and used to calculate angular velocity, tangential velocity, and centripetal force. 3. The calculations and measurements are recorded in a table and analyzed to determine if the relationship between centripetal force, mass, and velocity follows Newton's Second Law and the theoretical equations. Errors are also calculated.

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    1. The purpose of the experiment is to study centripetal force and its relationship to mass, velocity, and radius using a rotating rubber stopper attached to hanging masses. 2. A rubber stopper of mass m1 is rotated at the end of a cord of length r attached to hanging masses of different values m2. The time for 10 revolutions is measured and used to calculate angular velocity, tangential velocity, and centripetal force. 3. The calculations and measurements are recorded in a table and analyzed to determine if the relationship between centripetal force, mass, and velocity follows Newton's Second Law and the theoretical equations. Errors are also calculated.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    904 views3 pages

    Expt 06 Centripetal Force Lab

    Uploaded by

    samruddhi1996
    1. The purpose of the experiment is to study centripetal force and its relationship to mass, velocity, and radius using a rotating rubber stopper attached to hanging masses. 2. A rubber stopper of mass m1 is rotated at the end of a cord of length r attached to hanging masses of different values m2. The time for 10 revolutions is measured and used to calculate angular velocity, tangential velocity, and centripetal force. 3. The calculations and measurements are recorded in a table and analyzed to determine if the relationship between centripetal force, mass, and velocity follows Newton's Second Law and the theoretical equations. Errors are also calculated.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The key takeaways are to study the nature and relationship between centripetal force, mass and velocity through measuring the tangential velocity of a rotating mass on a string for different hanging masses.

    The purpose of this experiment is to study the nature of centripetal force and to measure the relationship between centripetal force, mass and velocity.

    Centripetal force is calculated using the equation Fc = mv^2/r, where m is the mass of the rotating object, v is its tangential velocity, and r is the radial distance to the center of rotation.

    Centripetal Force Lab

    Purpose: 1. To study the nature of Centripetal Force 2. To measure the relationship between Centripetal Force, mass, and velocity Apparatus: 1. Centripetal Force Kit consisting of: PVC tubing Nylon cord Rubber stopper 2. Slotted masses: 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g 3. Slotted Mass Hanger 4. Stop Watch 5. Triple Beam Balance 6. Paper Clip Introduction: An object moving with a changing speed in the same direction is undergoing acceleration. If an object moves with a constant speed but is changing direction, it is also undergoing acceleration. Both types of accelerations require a force. A change in direction is called centripetal acceleration, and the force producing it is called centripetal force. Consider the figure below:

    Mass m1 is traveling in uniform circular motion with radius r, at a constant tangential speed of vt. Because the mass is constantly changing direction it is subject to centripetal acceleration given by the equation: 2 vt at = r r is the radial distance from the top of the tubing to the center of the rotating rubber stopper of mass m1. The force causing the centripetal acceleration, the centripetal force, must obey Newtons Second Law: Fc = m1 ac or v2 Fc = m1 t r

    In our experiment, mass m1 will be the mass of a rubber stopper moving at a constant tangential speed of vt at the end of a nylon cord of length r. The centripetal force will be supplied by a mass m2 that is attached to the bottom of the nylon cord. See the above figure. Mass m2 will include both the slotted mass and a hanger. The weight of this hanging mass is determined by the equation: Fw = m2 g The weight of the hanging mass is the centripetal force applied to mass m1, keeping it in a horizontal circular orbit. Fc = Fw or 2 v m1 t = m2 g r Therefore, the tangential velocity required to keep this system in equilibrium, will be:

    vt =

    m2 rg m1

    The measured tangential velocity is determined as follows: vt = r where is the angular velocity given by =
    2 / rev in rad/sec t / rev

    Procedure: 1. Measure the mass of the rubber stopper using a triple beam balance, and record this value as mass m1 in the data table below. 2. Measure the mass of the hanger and slotted mass (initially 50g) and record this value as mass m2. 3. Pass the nylon cord attached to the rubber stopper through the PVC tubing. Attach a 50 g mass and hanger to the free end of the cord. Adjust the length of the cord between the top of the tubing and the center of the rubber stopper to approximately 80 cm. Mark the location of the cord by placing a paper clip one centimeter below the tubing, as shown in the figure. Record this length in the data table as r. 4. Support the 50 g mass assembly with one hand and hold the tubing in the other hand. Whirl the rubber stopper in a horizontal orbit above your head, by revolving the tubing. Slowly release the 50 g mass assembly and adjust the speed of the revolution so that the paper clip stays just one centimeter below the bottom of the tube. 5. When you have learned how to keep the rotation speed and position of the paper clip constant, have your lab partner measure the time interval required for ten complete revolutions. (Remember to start counting at zero, not at one.) When the timing is over, grab the cord at the bottom of the tube before the speed of the stopper changes. Determine the time it takes for one revolution and record that time in the data table. Calculate and record the centripetal speed and the centripetal force. Compare the calculated centripetal speed with the measured centripetal speed and calculate the percent error. 6. Repeat this procedure for different hanging masses (100g, 150g, 200g). For each run perform three trials and calculate the average time for ten revolutions. Summarize your data and results in the table below. Be sure that all units are SI. 7. In your experimental write-up, be sure to include a sample of all calculations, error analysis, and a conclusion.

    Sample Data Table (four runs, each with a different hanging mass) m1 = ________ kg (rubber stopper mass) r = ________ m

    Trial 1 2 3 Avg:

    t (s) for 10 rev

    use this value in the table below for the avg t (s) for 10 rev

    m2 run (kg)

    avg t (s) for 10 rev

    avg t (s) for 1 rev

    (rad/s) 2 =
    t

    meas vt (m/s) calc vt (m/s) m2 vt = rg vt = r m1

    Fc (N) Fc = Fw = m2 g

    50 g 100g 150 g 200g

    Notes: 1. Mass m2 = slotted mass (50g, 100g, 150g, 200g) + mass of hanger
    calc meas 100% calc

    2. Percent error calculation is:

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