Emergency Exam9

1.
When a person is looking at an object up close, the pupils should

normally:
A: become smaller.
B: become larger.
C: remain the same size.
D: dilate, and then constrict.
2. A patient with an eyeball that is protruding from the eye socket should
be managed by:
A: carefully replacing the eye back into the socket.
B: stabilizing the eye with a moist, sterile dressing.
C: stabilizing the eye with a dry, sterile dressing.
D: placing the patient in the prone position during transport.
3. When caring for a foreign object in the eye, such as a pencil, the EMT-
B should:
A: carefully attempt to remove the object.
B: bandage the eye with a dry dressing and transport.
C: stabilize the object, cover the eye with a moist dressing, and
transport.
D: stabilize the object, cover the eye with a dry dressing, and
transport.
4. The globe of the eye is also known as the:

A: eyeball.
B: orbit.
C: lens.
D: pupil.
5. Management of a patient with a chemical burn to the eye includes:

A: immediately covering both eyes.
B: flushing the eyes with hydrogen peroxide.
C: flushing alkaline burns with an acid solution.

D: stopping the burn and preventing further damage.
6. The clear, transparent membrane in the front of the eye that allows
light to enter the eye is the:
A: pupil.
B: cornea.
C: iris.
D: sclera.
7. The fluid in the eye that keeps the conjunctiva moist is the:
A: aqueous humor.
B: tears.
C: spinal fluid.
D: synovial fluid.
8. To remove hard contact lenses from a patient's eyes, the EMT-B

should:
A: pinch the lenses off with your thumb and index finger.
B: flush the lenses out with copious amounts of water.
C: use a suction cup moistened with sterile saline solution.
D: remove the lenses with a pair of tweezers or similar instrument.
9. When caring for a chemical burn in the eye, the EMT-B should:
A: immediately apply a dry dressing.
B: always irrigate both eyes.
C: prevent from contaminating the uninjured eye.
D: not attempt to flush the eye.
10. After a 15-year-old boy experienced penetrating trauma to the eye,

you note the leakage of a gel-like substance from the globe of the eye.
It is important to remember that:
A: this fluid will be replaced naturally over time.
B: this fluid cannot be replaced when lost.
C: this fluid is aqueous humor from the front of the lens.
D: this fluid is vitreous humor from the front of the eye.
11. A major complication from a "blowout" or orbital skull fracture includes:

A: bleeding within the sinus cavities.
B: paralysis of the optic muscles.
C: severe facial deformities.
D: swelling of the facial bones.
12. A young child has a ballpoint pen impaled in his left eye. In managing
this injury, the EMT-B must:
A: carefully remove the pen and cover both eyes.
B: avoid covering both eyes so the patient can still see.
C: recall that both eyes move in concert with each other.
D: apply a pressure dressing to the wound.
13. During an assault, a 32-year-old man sustained a laceration to his

right eyelid. The wound is bleeding heavily. You should manage this
by:
A: applying gentle, manual pressure to the injury.
B: applying a pressure dressing to the entire eye.
C: flushing the eye with sterile saline or water.
D: applying heat to the injury to decrease bleeding.
14. After sustaining blunt trauma to the facial area, you note the presence
of hyphema to the patient's right eye. This means that:
A: there is bleeding within the brain.
B: the skull has been fractured.
C: there is bleeding in the anterior eye chamber.
D: there is bleeding in the posterior eye chamber.

15. If a patient has suffered a light burn to the eye from infrared rays,
proper care would include:
A: irrigating the eye for at least 15 minutes.
B: applying a dry dressing and bandage the eye.
C: applying a moist dressing and an eye shield.
D: none of the above.
ANSWERS:
NO ANS REASON
Reason: The pupil, which allows light to move to the back of the eye,
becomes smaller (constricts) in bright light and larger (dilates) in dim light.
1. A The pupil also becomes smaller when looking at objects close at hand and
larger when looking at objects farther away. These adjustments occur
almost instantaneously. (ECTSI 8, p. 589)
Reason: On rare occasions following a serious injury, the eyeball may be

displaced out of its socket (avulsed). Do not attempt to reposition the eye or
2. B replace it back into the eye socket. Simply cover the eye, and stabilize it with
a moist, sterile dressing. Have the patient lie in a supine position while en
route to the hospital. (ECTSI 8, p. 595)
Reason: To care for an impaled object in the eye, the EMT-B should
3. C stabilize the object in place, apply a moist dressing over the eye, and
bandage. (ECTSI 8, p. 591)
Reason: The eyeball, or globe, keeps its global shape as a result of the
4. A
pressure of the fluid contained within its two chambers. (ECTSI 8, p. 588)
Reason: As an EMT-B, your role in managing a patient with a chemical burn

to the eye includes stopping the burn and preventing further damage. This
5. D includes flushing the affected eye with sterile water or saline. NEVER treat
an alkaline burn with an acid solution and vice versa, regardless of its
location. (ECTSI 8, p. 592)
Reason: The cornea is a transparent membrane that allows light to enter

6. B
the eye. (ECTSI 8, p. 589)
Reason: The conjunctiva are kept moist by tears that are produced in the
7. B
lacrimal gland. (ECTSI 8, p. 588)
Reason: To remove hard contact lenses from a patient's eyes, the EMT-B
should use a specialized suction cup moistened with sterile saline solution.
Remember that the only time that contact lenses should be removed
8. C
immediately in the field is when there is a chemical burn to the eye. If the
contact lens is left in place, it can trap the chemical, making irrigation
difficult. (ECTSI 8, p. 597)
Reason: When flushing a chemical burn to the eye, make sure to avoid
9. C
contaminating the uninjured eye. (ECTSI 8, pp. 592 - 593)
Reason: The clear, jelly-like fluid near the back of the eye is called the
vitreous humor. If the globe is ruptured and this gel leaks out, it cannot be
10. B
replaced. Permanent vision loss in the affected eye is probable. (ECTSI 8, p.
589)
Reason: During a "blowout," or orbital skull fracture, fragments of fractured

bone can entrap some of the muscles that control eye movement (optic
11. B muscles), causing double vision or other visual disturbances. A classic sign
of an orbital skull fracture is when the patient is unable to look up (paralysis
of upward gaze). (ECTSI 8, p. 596)
Reason: Because the eyes move in concert with each other (sympathetic
12. C eye movement), both eyes must be covered to prevent further injury to the
affected eye. (ECTSI 8, p. 591)
Reason: Bleeding from a lacerated eyelid may be heavy, but it can usually
13. A be controlled by gentle, manual pressure. Pressure should never be applied
to any eye wound. (ECTSI 8, p. 594)
Reason: Hyphema, or bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye,

obscures part or all of the iris. This injury is common in blunt trauma and
14. C
may seriously impair vision. It may also be a sign of more serious injury to
the globe (eyeball). (ECTSI8, p. 595)
Reason: When caring for a patient with a light burn, apply a moist pad and
15. C
an eye shield. (ECTSI 8, p. 594)

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1.

When a person is looking at an object up close, the pupils should

C: remain the same size.

D: dilate, and then constrict.

B: stabilizing the eye with a moist, sterile dressing.

C: stabilizing the eye with a dry, sterile dressing.

D: placing the patient in the prone position during transport.

B: bandage the eye with a dry dressing and transport.

4. The globe of the eye is also known as the:

5. Management of a patient with a chemical burn to the eye includes:

B: flushing the eyes with hydrogen peroxide.

C: flushing alkaline burns with an acid solution.

8. To remove hard contact lenses from a patient's eyes, the EMT-B

B: flush the lenses out with copious amounts of water.

C: use a suction cup moistened with sterile saline solution.

D: remove the lenses with a pair of tweezers or similar instrument.

B: always irrigate both eyes.

C: prevent from contaminating the uninjured eye.

D: not attempt to flush the eye.

10. After a 15-year-old boy experienced penetrating trauma to the eye,

C: this fluid is aqueous humor from the front of the lens.

D: this fluid is vitreous humor from the front of the eye.

11. A major complication from a "blowout" or orbital skull fracture includes:

B: paralysis of the optic muscles.

C: severe facial deformities.

D: swelling of the facial bones.

B: avoid covering both eyes so the patient can still see.

C: recall that both eyes move in concert with each other.

D: apply a pressure dressing to the wound.

13. During an assault, a 32-year-old man sustained a laceration to his

B: applying a pressure dressing to the entire eye.

C: flushing the eye with sterile saline or water.

D: applying heat to the injury to decrease bleeding.

B: the skull has been fractured.

C: there is bleeding in the anterior eye chamber.

D: there is bleeding in the posterior eye chamber.

B: applying a dry dressing and bandage the eye.

C: applying a moist dressing and an eye shield.

D: none of the above.

Reason: On rare occasions following a serious injury, the eyeball may be

Reason: As an EMT-B, your role in managing a patient with a chemical burn

Reason: The cornea is a transparent membrane that allows light to enter

Reason: During a "blowout," or orbital skull fracture, fragments of fractured

Reason: Hyphema, or bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye,

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