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    Hypomagnesemia

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    Nader Smadi
    This document discusses hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels). It notes that low magnesium can cause cardiac arrhythmias and neurological issues like tremors and seizures. Common causes of hypomagnesemia include medications, alcoholism, and malabsorption. Low magnesium is diagnosed through ECG changes and blood tests. Treatment depends on severity, ranging from oral magnesium supplements for mild cases to IV magnesium sulfate infusions over hours or days for more severe deficiencies.

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    Hypomagnesemia

    Uploaded by

    Nader Smadi
    1K views7 pages
    This document discusses hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels). It notes that low magnesium can cause cardiac arrhythmias and neurological issues like tremors and seizures. Common causes of hypomagnesemia include medications, alcoholism, and malabsorption. Low magnesium is diagnosed through ECG changes and blood tests. Treatment depends on severity, ranging from oral magnesium supplements for mild cases to IV magnesium sulfate infusions over hours or days for more severe deficiencies.

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    hypomagnesemia, definition, causes, signs and symptoms, treatment and life style

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    This document discusses hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels). It notes that low magnesium can cause cardiac arrhythmias and neurological issues like tremors and seizures. Common causes of hypomagnesemia include medications, alcoholism, and malabsorption. Low magnesium is diagnosed through ECG changes and blood tests. Treatment depends on severity, ranging from oral magnesium supplements for mild cases to IV magnesium sulfate infusions over hours or days for more severe deficiencies.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt or txt
    1K views7 pages

    Hypomagnesemia

    Uploaded by

    Nader Smadi
    This document discusses hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels). It notes that low magnesium can cause cardiac arrhythmias and neurological issues like tremors and seizures. Common causes of hypomagnesemia include medications, alcoholism, and malabsorption. Low magnesium is diagnosed through ECG changes and blood tests. Treatment depends on severity, ranging from oral magnesium supplements for mild cases to IV magnesium sulfate infusions over hours or days for more severe deficiencies.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt or txt
    of 7

    Hypomagnesemia

    Immediate Questions
    A. What are the patient's vital signs? Cardiac
    arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation,
    ventricular tachycardia and ventricular
    fibrillation can occur.
    B. Is the patient tremulous? Tremor, tetany,
    muscle fasciculations, and seizures are all
    associated with magnesium deficiency.
    Determining the presence of these
    neurologic problems will help guide the
    urgency of treatment.
    Differential Diagnosis
    Hypomagnesemia can be caused
    by medications, especially
    diuretics, antibiotics (ticarcillin,
    amphotericin B), aminoglycosides,
    cisplatin, and cyclosporin, often
    cause hypomagnesemia.
    Alcoholism and reduced intake/
    malabsorption also can cause
    hypomagnesemia.
    Laboratory Data

    Electrocardiograph findings may


    include prolongation of the PR, QT, and
    QRS intervals, as well as ST depression
    and T wave changes. Rhythm
    disturbances include supraventricular
    arrhythmias, as well as ventricular
    tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.
    Plan
    A. Asymptomatic individuals can
    be treated with oral magnesium.
    Oral magnesium oxide (20 meq of
    magnesium per 400 mg tablet)
    can be administered as 1 or 2
    tablets per day; oral
    administration is most appropriate
    for chronic maintenance therapy.
    Plan
    B. Magnesium sulfate 1 g (2 mL of a 50%
    solution of MgSO4) equals 98 mg of elemental
    magnesium. For moderate depletion, infuse 6
    gms (12 ml of 50% MgSO4 = 6 gms) in 500 ml
    saline can be given IV over 3 hours, followed
    by 5 gm in 500 ml saline over the next 6
    hours. The 50% solution must be diluted for IV
    use. For slightly less urgent situations, 1 g/h
    may be given q3-4h with close monitoring of
    deep tendon reflexes. As long as signs and
    symptoms of hypomagnesemia are improving,
    the infusion can then be slowed
    so that the patient receives approximately 10
    g of magnesium sulfate in the first 24 hours.
    Plan
    C. Intramuscular magnesium
    sulfate. Give 1-2 g IM q4h for
    5 doses during the first 24
    hours.

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