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    Typical PFD of Residue Catalytic Cracking

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    Kmt_Ae
    The document discusses the typical process flow diagram (PFD) of a residue catalytic cracking unit. The main purpose is to convert heavy crude oils into more valuable lower-boiling products like LPG, gasoline and light cycle oil. It involves fluidized catalytic cracking where the long hydrocarbon chains in the feedstock are cracked into shorter molecules using heat from regenerated catalyst in the reactor-riser. The catalyst is then regenerated in a two-stage regenerator by burning off the coke deposited on it during cracking, producing heat to sustain the reaction. The vapor products are separated and further fractionated into different fractions like clarified oil, light cycle oil, naphtha and LPG.

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    Typical PFD of Residue Catalytic Cracking

    Uploaded by

    Kmt_Ae
    226 views2 pages
    The document discusses the typical process flow diagram (PFD) of a residue catalytic cracking unit. The main purpose is to convert heavy crude oils into more valuable lower-boiling products like LPG, gasoline and light cycle oil. It involves fluidized catalytic cracking where the long hydrocarbon chains in the feedstock are cracked into shorter molecules using heat from regenerated catalyst in the reactor-riser. The catalyst is then regenerated in a two-stage regenerator by burning off the coke deposited on it during cracking, producing heat to sustain the reaction. The vapor products are separated and further fractionated into different fractions like clarified oil, light cycle oil, naphtha and LPG.

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    PFD of Residue Catalytic Cracking

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    The document discusses the typical process flow diagram (PFD) of a residue catalytic cracking unit. The main purpose is to convert heavy crude oils into more valuable lower-boiling products like LPG, gasoline and light cycle oil. It involves fluidized catalytic cracking where the long hydrocarbon chains in the feedstock are cracked into shorter molecules using heat from regenerated catalyst in the reactor-riser. The catalyst is then regenerated in a two-stage regenerator by burning off the coke deposited on it during cracking, producing heat to sustain the reaction. The vapor products are separated and further fractionated into different fractions like clarified oil, light cycle oil, naphtha and LPG.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    226 views2 pages

    Typical PFD of Residue Catalytic Cracking

    Uploaded by

    Kmt_Ae
    The document discusses the typical process flow diagram (PFD) of a residue catalytic cracking unit. The main purpose is to convert heavy crude oils into more valuable lower-boiling products like LPG, gasoline and light cycle oil. It involves fluidized catalytic cracking where the long hydrocarbon chains in the feedstock are cracked into shorter molecules using heat from regenerated catalyst in the reactor-riser. The catalyst is then regenerated in a two-stage regenerator by burning off the coke deposited on it during cracking, producing heat to sustain the reaction. The vapor products are separated and further fractionated into different fractions like clarified oil, light cycle oil, naphtha and LPG.

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    Typical PFD of Residue Catalytic Cracking


    T he main purpose of the Residue Catalytic Cracking process is to convert various reduced crudes to lower boiling, high value products, primarily C3-C4 LPG, gasoline, and light cycle oil.

    Figure 1 Typical PFD of a Residual Catalytic Cracking Unit

    Fluidized Cat alyt ic Cracking (FCC)


    Using vapor phase chemical reactions in the presence of specialized FCC (Fluidized Catalytic Cracking) cracking catalyst, the long molecular chain FCC f eedstock is cracked to shorter chain molecules. Heat f or the cracking process is supplied by the hot regenerated catalyst which vaporizes the f inely atomized oil f eed and sets the stage f or a rapid but selective cracking process. Fuel gas, slurry oil, and coke are also generated in the reactor-riser as by-products of the reaction. Majority of the FCC equipment handles catalyst / vapor product separation and removal of the coke f rom the catalyst, while only a small portion of the system is directly used f or the cracking reaction. T he Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process (RFCC) of IFP (French Institute of Petroleum) incorporates two-stage catalyst regeneration, a f eed injection system, mixed temperature control, a riser termination system, and air/steam distribution devices.

    T he reaction-regeneration section consists of f eed injection system, riser, riser outlet separator system, disengager/stripper, two- stage regenerator, catalyst withdrawal well, catalyst transf er lines and control systems. T he f eed mixture is pumped to the base of the riser and divided into equal f lows, to each of the f eed nozzles. T he f eed, which has been preheated, is f inely atomized and mixed with dispersion steam in the f eed nozzles and injected into the riser. T he small droplets of f eed contact hot regenerated catalyst in a counter current way and vaporize immediately. T he vaporized oil intimately mixes with the catalyst particles and cracks into lighter, more valuable products along with slurry oil, coke and gas. T he product vapors travel up the riser while carrying the catalyst. T he coke f ormed in the catalyst by the reaction is burned in two stage of Regenerator. T he heat of combustion released by the combustion of coke is transf erred to the catalyst which will later supply the heat required to the reactor. T he combustion air required is supplied by an air blower. T he air heaters are used during start-up to heat-up the equipment. T he f ractionation section f ractionates the vapor product f rom the Reaction section. T he products f rom this section are Clarif ied Oil, Light Cycle Oil and Heavy Naphtha. T he f ractionator overhead vapor and liquid streams are f urther processed in the Gas Recovery section (Gas Plant). T he products f rom this section are Light gasoline, Fuel gas and LPG.

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