Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 109 views

    5 ThinFilmSolar

    Uploaded by

    nomyis
    PV CELLS

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    5 ThinFilmSolar

    Uploaded by

    nomyis
    109 views18 pages
    PV CELLS

    Original Title

    5-ThinFilmSolar

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    PV CELLS

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    109 views18 pages

    5 ThinFilmSolar

    Uploaded by

    nomyis
    PV CELLS

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    Latest developments in thinfilm encapsulant technology

    August 18, 2011 J. I. Kim Regional Technical Services Leader

    DuPont Photovoltaic Solutions

    DuPont

    Materials Cost Impact on PV Cells & Modules


    Bill of Materials

    Other Matls (12%) Junction Box (5%) Encap Film (6%) Front Glass (6%) Backsheet Film (8%) Metallization Pastes (12%)

    Other Materials (4%) Conductive Ribbon (1%) Reflector Paint (4%) Junction Box (6%) Encapsulant Film (7%) Gases & Targets (11%)

    Silicon Metal (51%)

    Glass or Backsheet (13%) Module Frame (25%) TCO Front Glass (29%)

    Crystalline Silicon

    Thin Film

    With encapsulants at only 6-7% of module cost, the largest cost impact comes from choosing the optimal encapsulant to enable overall system cost reductions

    Examples of Required Encapsulant Attributes


    Encapsulant Requirements for Thin Film Glass/ Glass Modules
    Durability 25 years no delamination Cell efficiency over life of module Meets operating temperature requirements Low System Cost Compatibility with Top Coat Material Low Moisture Permeability Protect the Cell from Corrosion High Resistivity = Low Current Leakage Safety requirement Important in maintaining cell efficiency over lifetime Ease of Processing with High Thru-put Autoclave Vacuum laminator No Lamination Defects No bubbles Ease of Handling

    Relative Performance of Encapsulants in Thin Film, Glass/Glass Modules


    Encapsulant Materials* Property Resistivity Moisture Ingress UV Durability High Modulus Low Modulus Thermoplastic Transmittance Flow Properties Impact Electrical Insulation Cell degradation Yellowing/Degradation Laminate strength Internal Stress Relief Yield, rework Module Energy Output Works with multiple lamination technologies Poor Best Performance Spectrum EVA PVB
    Polyolefin Ionomer

    *Colors based on published data or DuPont Internal Testing

    DPVS Technology Roadmap - Thin Film Rigid


    2009 2010 2011 2012
    Savings

    Advanced TCO Layers New oxide systems with better cost-performance. Front End Front Glass Enhancements Materials and processes to improve light trapping, self cleaning. PV 5200 Encapsulant
    Optimized PVB based films for glass-glass modules.

    Up to $0.20/W

    PV 5300 Encapsulant
    High strength/low permeability films for reduced system costs.

    Back End Functionalized Encapsulants


    Higher reflectivity PVB & ionomer systems for efficiency gains.

    Up to $0.20/W

    Back End Process improvement


    Optimized encapsulant & lamination processes.

    BOS

    Module Installation
    Integrated material solutions for total installed system cost reduction.

    Up to $0.45/W

    > $0.8/W cost reduction target

    Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs


    Innovation Reflective Encapsulant Films Enabling Materials Encapsulants Reduced LCOE via: Module Cost

    Thin high reflective encapsulant


    1 0.9 0.8 0.7 Reflectance 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 350

    DuPont PV5223 0250100 encapsulant films introduced to market in April 2010 50% higher reflectivity Paint elimination lower cost, process simplification

    PV5223 - 0250100 White paint

    450

    550

    650

    750

    850

    950

    1050

    Wavelength, nm

    40% encapsulant thickness reduction

    Wider Lamination processing window & lower material consumption

    White reflective DuPont PV5223 0250100 encapsulant sheet is textured for easy de-airing in Oerlikon Solar's multi-stack laminating process.

    At 0.45-mm thickness, new DuPont PV5223 0250100 white PVB encapsulant sheet is more than 40% lighter-weight than traditional 0.76-mm clear PVB.

    Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs


    Innovation Thermoplastic Ionomer Films Enabling Materials Encapsulants Reduced LCOE via: Module Cost

    Lower moisture ingress


    PV modules moisture ingress after 2000hr DH
    0.45 0.40 0.35 % Moisture 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Distance from Edge (cm)

    DuPont Ionomer film was introduced to market in 2009 Unique properties are ideal for glass-glass PV modules Cost savings of $3/panel by elimination of edge sealing

    EVA Ionomer

    Ionomers have Excellent Solar Transmission


    Total Solar Transmission
    94.0

    92.0

    90.0

    88.0
    %T

    86.0
    33% VA EVA

    84.0

    28% VA EVA Ionomer A

    82.0

    Ionomer B

    80.0 300

    400

    500

    600

    700

    800

    900

    1000

    1100

    1200

    Wavelength (nm)

    Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs


    Innovation Ionomer Films Enabling Materials Encapsulants, Thin Glass Reduced LCOE via: BOS Cost

    Stronger laminates Reduced weight can reduce BOS costs Impermeable barrier for moisture sensitive technologies Laminate life well demonstrated in PV and architectural use

    DuPont PV5300 Ionomer tougher (5x) and stiffer (100x) vs. PVB

    Thin float glass 0.3mm to 1.1mm

    Glass-like durability With polymer-like weight

    Bending Data clearly shows the strength of Ionomer/Glass laminates

    Test results Bending test


    Glass/Ionomer/Glass (PV5300) 142N Glass/EVA/Glass Glass/PVB/Glass

    65N

    51N

    250

    Breakage Load (N)

    200 150 100

    EVA
    50 0

    PVB
    0 10 20 30 40 50 60

    -20

    -10

    Temperature (deg.C)

    Fig. Shimadzu Autograph (AG-X)


    1kN load cell, 3 point bending, Sample : 15*90*t3.0mm

    The bending test showed the high strength of ionomer-glass laminates

    Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs


    Innovation Modified Ionomer Films Enabling Materials Encapsulants Reduced LCOE via: Module Cost

    Faster lamination cycle


    DuPont PV8600 Lamination Performance
    Fast cure type EVA Lamination 150 x 6min 150 x 16min Cure process Remarks Non cure process Used mainly Shorter Lamination outside Japan time We are recommending 150 3min 5min as a lamination condition to our customers. PV8600 Standard cure type EVA 125 x 5min 150 x 60min Standard process

    DuPont PV8600* modified ionomer will be available outside Japan in 2011 Designed for modules with backsheet construction Laminates faster than EVA Brings capital cost savings in laminators and/or curing ovens

    *available in Japan as DuPont PV8600 Himilan ES Encapsulant Series

    Other benefits include improved moisture resistance and excellent corrosion resistance
    DuPont PV8600 - Moisture barrier @ high temp.
    350
    Moisuture Permeability ( (g g /m 2 mm mm day day) )

    300 250 200 150 100 50

    PV8600

    EVA

    DuPont PV8600 - Corrosion


    Metal plate PV8600 No change No change No change

    0 40*90%RH

    60*90%RH

    85*90%RH

    Ag Plate Inter connector Mo substrate

    Test condition 85*90%RH*1000h

    Data above is measured with no backsheet.

    Structure: Glass/ PV8600/Metal plates/PV8600/Glass

    Damp Heat testing of DuPont PV8600 in contact with silver coupons shows no change after 1000hrs

    Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs


    Innovation High VA EVA Enabling Materials Encapsulants Reduced LCOE via: Efficiency

    More transparent encapsulant Measurable increase in power output with higher VA% DuPont Elvax resins have demonstrated performance over 30 years Individual sheet performance can vary with formulation used by sheet producer

    Power Gain variation with VA%*


    33% VA EVA demonstrates 0.6% additional power output

    *Constant formulation other than VA%

    DuPont currently offers four Encapsulant solutions

    DuPontTM PV5200 series (PVB sheet) based on Butacite DuPontTM PV5300 series (Ionomer sheet) based on SentryGlas DuPont PV8600 series (Modified Ionomer sheet) Developed by MDP JV Developed by the leader in the glass industry with over 60 years of innovation

    DuPontTM Elvax PV1000 series (EVA Resin) - sold into PV market for 30 years

    Pipeline of new innovative encapsulants

    Relative Performance of Encapsulants in Thin Film, Glass/Glass Modules


    Encapsulant Materials Property Resistivity Moisture Ingress UV Durability High Modulus Low Modulus Thermoplastic Impact Electrical Insulation EVA PVB
    Polyolefin Ionomer

    Encapsulant choice can enable or optimize many Cell degradation aspects of module design and performance.
    Yellowing/Degradation

    There is no single encapsulant solution that Laminate strength meets all needs
    Internal Stress Relief

    Module design, the manufacturing process and Yield, rework end-use applications may require very different properties Transmittance encapsulant Module Energy Output
    Flow Properties Works with multiple lamination technologies

    Colors based on published data or DuPont Internal Testing

    Copyright 2011 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont, The miracles of science, energy for a thriving world, and all products denoted with or are registered trademarks or trademarks of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates.

    You might also like