1.1 INTRODUCTION Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to several types of hazards and accidents.

Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total disablement. So in recent years, greater attention is given to health and safety due to pressure from government, trade unions, labour laws and awareness of employers. he efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the environment in which the work. !ork environment consists of all the factors, which act and react on the body and mind of an employee. he primary aim is to create an environment, which ensures the greatest ease of work and removes all causes of worries. "ccupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. #n its broadest sense, it should aim at$
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he promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well&being of workers in all occupations. he prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working conditions. he protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health. he placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs. he adaptation of work to humans.

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Successful occupational health and safety practice re'uires the collaboration and participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes, and involves the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.

"ccupational health issues are often given less attention than occupational safety issues because the former are generally more difficult to confront. (owever, when health is addressed, so is safety, because a healthy workplace is by definition also a safe workplace. he converse, though, may not be true & a so&called safe workplace is not necessarily also a healthy workplace. he important point is that issues of both health and safety must be addressed in every workplace. !ork plays a central role in people)s lives, since most workers spend at least eight hours a day in the workplace, whether it is on a plantation, in an office, factory, etc. herefore, work environments should be safe and healthy. *nfortunately some employers assume little responsibility for the protection of workers) health and safety. #n fact, some employers do not even know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect workers. Health of the workers: (ealth is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of diseases. #t+s a positive and dynamic concept which means something more than the absence of illness.

Statutory provisions:

,ccording to factories ,ct, -./0, the statutory provisions regarding the health of the workers are stated in the sections -- to 12. hey are Cleanliness !se" 11#: Every factory shall be kept clean by daily sweeping or washing the floors and workrooms and by using disinfectants where every necessary. !alls, doors and windows shall be repainted or varnished at least once in every 3 years. Disposal of wastes an$ effluents !se" 1 #: he waste materials produced from the manufacturing process must be effectively disposed of wastes. %entilation an$ te&perature !se" 1'#: here must be provision for ade'uate ventilation for the circulation of fresh air. he temperature must be kept at a comfortable level. (ot parts of machines must be separated and insulated. he State 4overnment may make rules for the keeping of thermometers in specified places and the adoption of methods which will keep the temperature low. Re&oval of Dust an$ fu&es !se" 1(#: #f the manufacturing process used gives off injurious or offensive dust and steps must be taken so that they are not inhaled or accumulated. engines must be conducted outside the factory. )rtifi"ial hu&i$ifi"ation !se" 1*#: he water used for this purpose must be pure. he State 4overnment can frame rules regarding the process of humidification etc. use. he water used for humidification shall be taken from a public supply or other source of drinking water and must be effectively purified before he exhaust fumes of internal combustion

Over"row$in+ !se" 1,#:

here must be no overcrowding in a factory. #n factories existing before the commencement of the ,ct there must be at least ... cubic meters of space per worker. 5or factories built afterwards, there must be at least /.1 cubic meters of space. he chief inspector of factories can also prescribe the maximum number of workers who can work in each work room. -i+htin+ !se" 1.#: 5actories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or formation of shadows which might cause eye strain. Drinkin+ water !se" 1/#: ,rrangements must be made to provide a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. ,ll supply points of such water must be marked 6drinking water7. 8o such points shall be within 12 ft. 9or :.3 meters% of any latrine, washing place etc. 5actories employing more than 132 workers must cool the water during the hot weather. Toilet fa"ilities !se" 10#: Every factory must provide sufficient number of latrines and urinals. separate provisions for male and female workers. ;atrines and urinals must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. #n factories employing more than 132 workers, they shall be of prescribed sanitary types. Spittoons !se" 1#: , sufficient number of spittoons must be provided at convenient places, in a clean and hygienic condition. he State 4overnment may take rules regarding their number, location and maintenance. here must be

Safety of the workers:

Safety is a measures or techni'ues implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment in any facility or place involving the manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.

Statutory provisions: ,ccording to factories ,ct, -./0, the statutory provisions regarding the safety of the workers are stated in the sections 1- to /-. hey are 2en"in+ of &a"hinery !Se" 1#: #n every factory, every dangerous part of any machinery, every moving part of a prime mover and every flywheel connected to prime mover the head&race and tail&race of every water wheel and water turbine, and every part of an electric generator, motor or rotary converter, every part of transmission machinery, must be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction. 3ork on or near &a"hinery in &otion !Se" #:
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#t is necessary to examine any part of the machinery while it is motion. he examination and lubrication of the machinery, while in motion, should be carried out only by a specially& trained adult worker wearing tight&fitting clothing. 4&ploy&ent of youn+ persons on Dan+erous &a"hines !Se" '#: , young person should not be allowed to work at dangerous machines unless, has been sufficiently instructed and received sufficient training. Strikin+ +ear an$ $evi"es for "uttin+ off power !Se" (#: #n every factory, suitable striking gear or other efficient mechanical appliance has to be provided, maintained and used to move driving belts. Self5a"tin+ &a"hines !Se" *#: 8o travelling part of a self&acting machine in any factory and no material carried thereon shall be allowed to run on its outward or inward traverse within a distance of -0 inches from any fixed structure which is not a part of the machine, if a person is liable to pass over the space over which it runs. Casin+ of new &a"hinery !Se" ,#: ,ll machinery driven by power, every set&screw, bolt or key or any revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or pinion, spur, worm and other toothed or friction&gearing has to be properly encased or guarded in order to prevent danger to the workmen. 6rohi7ition of e&ploy&ent of wo&en an$ "hil$ren near "otton openers !Se" .#: !omen and child workers are prohibited to be employed in any part of a factory for pressing cotton in which a cotton opener is at work.

Hoists8 lifts8 liftin+ &a"hines !Se" /9 0#:

;ifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles must be of good mechanical construction, sound material and ade'uate strength and free from defects. hey are to be properly maintained and thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once in every < months. Revolvin+ &a"hinery !Se" '1#: he maximum safe working peripheral speed of every grindstone or abrasive wheel shall be permanently affixed. Safe working peripheral speed of every revolving vessel, cage, basket, flywheel, pulley or disc has also to be ensured. 6ressure plant !Se" '1#: #n any factory operation is carried on at a pressure above the atmospheric pressure, effective arrangements shall be taken to ensure that the safe working pressure is not exceeded. 2loors8 stairs an$ &eans of a""ess !Se" ' #: #n every factory all floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound construction and properly kept and maintained. 6its8 su&ps8 openin+s in floors !Se" ''#: Every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the ground or in a floor, which may be a source of danger shall be either securely covered or securely fenced. 4:"essive wei+hts !Se" '(#: 8o person is to be employed in any factory to lift, carry or move any load so heavy as is likely to cause him injury. 6rote"tion of eyes !Se" '*#: he state government may re'uire the provision of effective screens or suitable goggles if the risk of injury to the eyes is caused from particles or fragments thrown off in the manufacturing process or from exposure to excessive light. 6re"autions a+ainst $an+erous fu&es !Se" ',#:
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#n any factory, no person shall be allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pipe, flue or other confined space in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to an extent involving risks to persons. 4:plosive or infla&&a7le $ust8 +as !Se" '.#: ,ll practicable measures have to be taken to prevent explosion by, effective enclosure of plant and machinery, removal or prevention of the accumulation of dust, gas etc and exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition. 6re"aution in "ase of fire !Se" '/#: Every factory has to be provided with ade'uate means of escape in case of fire. Effective and clearly audible means of giving warning in the case of fire have to be provided. , free passage&way giving access to each means of escape in case of fire has to be maintained. 6ower to re;uire spe"ifi"ations of $efe"tive parts or tests of sta7ility !Se" '0#: he factory inspector to serve on the manager of a factory to furnish specifications of defective parts or he may order the manager to carry out tests as he may specify and to inform him of the results. Safety of 7uil$in+s an$ &a"hinery !Se" (1#: Every factory should adopt the measures to ensure the safety of the buildings and machinery. he factory must employ the re'uired safety officers according to the number of workers working in the factory. 6ower to &ake rules !Se" (1#: he state government has the power to make rules to supplement the provisions relating to safety contained in the act.

O""upational a""i$ents<$isease:
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!ork&related accidents or diseases are very costly and can have many serious direct and indirect effects on the lives of workers and their families. 5or workers some of the $ire"t "osts of an injury or illness are$
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the pain and suffering of the injury or illness= the loss of income= the possible loss of a job= (ealth&care costs.

#t has been estimated that the in$ire"t "osts of an accident or illness can be four to ten times greater than the direct costs, or even more. ,n occupational illness or accident can have so many indirect costs to workers that it is often difficult to measure them. "ne of the most obvious indirect costs is the human suffering caused to workers) families, which cannot be compensated with money. I$entifyin+ ha=ar$s in the workpla"e:
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Use a variety of sources for information about potential or existing hazards in your workplace

Some occupational diseases have been recognized for many years, and affect workers in different ways depending on the nature of the hazard, the route of exposure, the dose, etc. Some well&known occupational diseases include$
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,sbestosis 9caused by asbestos, which is common in insulation, automobile brake linings, etc.% Silicosis 9caused by silica, which is common in mining, sandblasting, etc.% ;ead poisoning 9caused by lead, which is common in battery plants, paint factories, etc.% 8oise&induced hearing loss 9caused by noise, which is common in many workplaces, including airports, and workplaces where noisy machines, such as presses or drills, etc.%

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I&portan"e of &ana+e&ent "o&&it&ent on health an$ safety:

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A successful health and safety programme requires strong management commitment and worker participation

#n order to develop a successful health and safety programme, it is essential that there be strong management commitment and strong worker participation in the effort to create and maintain a safe and healthy workplace. ,n effective management addresses all work&related hazards, not only those covered by government standards. ,ll levels of management must make health and safety a priority. hey must

communicate this by going out into the worksite to talk with workers about their concerns and to observe work procedures and e'uipment. #n each workplace, the lines of responsibility from top to bottom need to be clear, and workers should know who is responsible for different health and safety issues.

I&portan"e of trainin+:

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Effective training is a key component of any health and safety programm e

!orkers often experience work&related health problems and do not realize that the problems are related to their work, particularly when an occupational disease, for example, is in the early stages. >esides the other more obvious benefits of training, such as skills development, hazard recognition, etc., a comprehensive training programme in each workplace will help workers to$
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?ecognize early signs@symptoms of any potential occupational diseases before they become permanent conditions. ,ssess their work environment. #nsist that management make changes before hazardous conditions can develop.

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Health an$ safety pro+ra&&es: Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives of workers by reducing hazards and their conse'uences. (ealth and safety programmes also have positive effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits. ,t the same time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money. 5or all of the reasons given below, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed to health and safety.
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!orkplace hazards are controlled & at the source whenever possible. ?ecords of any exposure are maintained for many years.
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>oth workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the workplace. here is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both workers and management. !orker health and safety efforts are ongoing.

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1. CO>6)N? 6RO2I-4

3heels In$ia -i&ite$8 6a$i.

)7out "o&pany: !heels #ndia is promoted by the T%S @roup and was started in the early <2)s to manufacture automobile wheels. oday, !heels #ndia has grown as a leading manufacturer of steel wheels for passenger cars, utility vehicles, trucks, buses, agricultural tractors and construction e'uipment in #ndia. he company supplies 1@Ard of the domestic market re'uirement and exports -0B of the turnover to 8orth ,merica, Europe, ,sia Cacific and South ,frica. he company also has a technical&financial collaboration with Titan 4urope. !heels #ndia designs and manufactures wheels for the specific re'uirements of the customer. "ur activities are driven by the following objectives$

Daintain leadership in the domestic market and presence in export markets. Ensure customer satisfaction through timely delivery of 'uality products and services, at competitive prices.

Eontinuously improve F innovative product design, process technology and work environment to offer better products.

>ring about involvement of all workers in achieving the above objectives. 1. .1 Ta7le showin+ the 6lant lo"ations 6lants )nnual Capa"ity -2 million wheels >anpower -, :<2

6a$i, 6une, Ra&pur, Aawal,Sriperu&7u$ur an$ 6antna+a r

-o"ation:
he company has strategically located plants that give it a logistical advantage and allows flexibility in manufacturing.
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Or+ani=ation "hart

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Capa7ilities: 6ro$u"t Develop&ent a% Design and develop wheels for a wide range of applications, backed by four decades of enriching experience from field,
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internal trials, and ES, 9Experimental Stress ,nalysis% F 5ED 95inite Element Dethod%. b% Eaters to "ED, after&market and niche segments. c% Eontinuously enhancing the value of the product, based on feedback from customers and outcome of our in&house facilities listed below$ d% !heels testing lab to evaluate endurance capabilities, by conducting radial fatigue test, bending fatigue test, multiaxis fatigue test and connecting member test. e% E,E 9Eomputer ,ided Engineering% lab to do surface F solid modelling, finite element analysis, life prediction, data ac'uisition F experimental stress analysis. f% 5ully e'uipped chemical, metallurgical and physical lab. 6ro"ess Desi+n
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#s in final phase of development of a new process to manufacture tube type truck rim from plates. (as developed process technology to optimize tubeless truck rim design with lesser material input. Crocess technology development, upgradation and optimization to achieve products with tighter specifications to meet growing demands of the newer generation vehicles. Eontinuous research on process improvements to minimize cost of production.

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Tool Desi+n 9 >anufa"ture

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(as a 'ualified and experienced team specialising in tool design for forming @ rolling steel. 5ully e'uipped in&house tool room facility with state&of&the&art machinery and
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design tools.
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Eomputer aided tool modelling F manufacturing software facilities, for manufacturing complicated tool profiles. 1. . Ta7le showin+ the 6ro$u"ts

!heels #ndia has the ability to design the complete range of steel&wheels to suit customer re'uirements, incorporating necessary styling and performance characteristics. 6ro$u"t Type 3heels for Heavy %ehi"les 9 rucks, >uses, ;ight Eommercial Gehicles, railers, ippers etc.% 3heels for -i+ht %ehi"les 9Cassenger Ears, Dini Gans, S*G)s F D*G)s% 3heels for )+ri"ultural )ppli"ations 9 ractors, Eombines, 5arm E'uipments etc.%

3heels for Off5Roa$ Constru"tion 4;uip&ents

3ire 3heels 95or Eontemporary F Elassic Ears, D*G)s F S*G)s%

)ir Suspension

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!heels #ndia has developed H,ir Suspension SystemsH which are being marketed under the brand name T%S53I-RID4.

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GS&!#;?#DE is the pioneer in ,ir Suspension Systems in #ndia. GS&!#;?#DE has been specially designed for #ndian road conditions. here are approximately -222 buses on the roads, using GS& !#;?#DE ,ir Suspension Systems. "ur initial technical know&how was a'uired from D*8;"C, *I 9now ac'uired by relleborg%. GS&!#;?#DE ,ir Suspension Systems are currently being manufactured by !heels #ndia ;imited, in a technical agreement with ?E;;E>"?4.

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T%S53I-RID4 )ir Suspension Syste&s A superior suspension concept... ?educes vibration. #mproves ride comfort in any seat vehicle. located in the

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Extends a longer life to the body and chassis components. ?educes fatigue to the driver. ;owers natural fre'uency to provide a higher ride comfort.

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1. .' Ta7le showin+ the finan"ials of the "o&pany Unau$ite$ 2inan"ial Results !6rovisional# for the ;uarter en$e$ '1th Septe&7er8 1109?s. #n lakhs% ?ear 4n$e$!)u$it e$# A2.2..1220 A2.2..122. A2.2..1220 A-.2A.122. A/.12 322:/ :-<<3 --1021 A.2 A/: :.0 -A.Half ?ear 4n$e$ 11: 1/13: 1:/0 ..0 /00A AA--A 1-.: & 1-.: --3< -2/& -2/1:A :<0 & :<0 .0: 9-/30% A3<3. /./-:/:A<A /01/< 1-:3 & 1-:3 -.22 1:3 & 1:3 A<J 1A. & 1A. .0: -/-< .0: 9-32% 32003A.A -.2-21A2 <0133 /120 & /120 -../ 11-/ & 11-/ :.0 -/-< -11< 02<0. 0.<. AA:0 -/:12 -20.01 31-& 31-/<:: 3A/ & 3A/ A-1 111 -0./ 1--< .0: -01:1 :.:0J
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6arti"ulars

Buarter 4n$e$ A2.2..122. 1:32: 122

8et Sales@ #ncome from "perations "ther "perating #ncome Expenditure a% 9#ncrease%@Decrease in stock in trade 9-23.% and work in progress b% Eonsumption of raw materials -.:2A c% !orkers cost 1<:2 d% Depreciation 0./ e% "ther Expenditure A.-2 f% otal 1<--0 Crofit from "perations before "ther -30. income , #nterest and Exceptional #tems "ther #ncome & Crofit before #nterest and Exceptional -30. #tems #nterest .A0 Crofit@9;oss% after #nterest but before <3Exceptional #tems Exceptional #tems & Crofit@9;oss% from "rdinary ,ctivities <3before tax ax Expense J98et of Dinimum ,lternate ax Eredit-</J entitlement of ?s /: lakhs% 8et Crofit@9;oss% from "rdinary /0: ,ctivities after tax Extraordinary #tems 9Crevious year&8et & of tax expense ?s.3-3 lacs% 8et Crofit@ 9;oss% for the period /0: Caid & up E'uity share capital .0: 95ace Galue ?s. -2@&% ?eserves 9?evaluation ?eserves & 8#;% >asic and Diluted Earnings per Share/..AJ

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before Extraordinary #tems9?s.% >asic and Diluted Earnings per Share after Extraordinary #tems9?s.%/..AJ J9not annualised% Cublic shareholding &8o of Shares -/---.< &Cercentage of -/.A2 shareholding Cromoters and Cromoter 4roup Shareholding a%Cledged@ Encumbered 8umber of Shares 8#; Cercentage of Shares promoter group 8, Cercentage of Shares to total share 8, capital b%8on Encumbered 8umber of Shares 0/301/0 Cercentage of Shares promoter group -22.22 Cercentage of Shares to total share 03.:2 capital

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8#; 8, 8, 0/301/0 -22.22 03.:2

-. he above results were reviewed by the ,udit Eommittee and approved by the >oard of Directors in their meeting held on 1..-2.122. 1. #n pursuance of the option exercised by the company under the 8otification of the Dinistry of Eorporate ,ffairs dated A-st Darch, 122. relating to the adjustment of exchange differences on long term foreign currency monetary items, the profit for the 'uarter under review is higher by ?s. AA:.A- lakhs and for the half year ended sep, 2. the profit is lower by ?s 1/0.// lakhs. (ence the figures for the 'uarter and half year are not comparable with the corresponding 'uarter and half year of the previous year A. he Eompany operates in only one segment viz. ,utomotive Eomponents. /. Crevious year)s figures have been regrouped wherever necessary to conform to this year)s classification. 3. Statutory auditors of the Eompany have carried out a limited review of the above financial results. <.#nvestors)Eomplaints$Cending as at the beginning and end of the 'uarter & 8#; ?eceived and disposed off during the 'uarter & 8#; Ehennai A2th "ctober,122. SRI%)TS R)> >ana+in+ Dire"tor

4:port Custo&ers

1. .( Ta7le showin+ the Custo&er list for 3heels Do&esti" Custo&er Eaterpillar #ndia Crivate ;imited Iomatsu #ndia Crivate #ndia ;imited KE> #ndia ;imited >arath Earth Dovers ;imited elecon (industan Dotors #ngersoll ?and ;F ESE"? S #; C; (aulwel railers #8D# ,;

E, E?C#;;,? & Garious Clants I"D, S* & Garious Clants G";G" KE> ED Shin Eaterpillar Ditsubishi ;td. Iawasaki (eavy #ndustries (yundai (eavy #ndustries Ditsubishi (eavy #ndustries D""S,8 #85?,E"?E Ease 8ew (olland >E;; E'uipment

1.' OAC4CTI%4S O2 TH4 STUD?

). 6ri&ary o7De"tive: o ascertain the health and safety measures adopted in !heels #ndia ltd. A. Se"on$ary o7De"tive:
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o study the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the work place. o find the occurrence of accidents happened at the work place. o identify the role of management in implementing health and safety. o find out the satisfaction level of the respondents towards health and safety measures.

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o give suggestions to improve the health and safety in the organization.

1.( N44D 2OR TH4 STUD?

(ealth and Safety measures are inevitable to any organization where workers are involved. #t+s an organization+s responsibility to provide to its workers beyond the payment of wages for their services. he worker+s health and safety on and off the job within the organization is a vital concern of the employer. he working environment in a factory adversely affects the worker+s health and safety because of the excessive heat or cold, noise, odors, fumes, dust and lack of sanitation and pure air etc., which leads to accident or injury or disablement or loss of life to the workers. Croviding a health and safer environment is a pre&re'uisite for any productive effort. hese must be held in check by providing regular health check&up, protective devices and compensatory benefits to the workers. his research deals with the study on the health and safety measures provided to the workers at !heels #ndia ltd, Cadi, chennai.

1.* SCO64 O2 TH4 STUD?

his study would give an overview of the health and safety measures existing at !heels #ndia ltd, Cadi, chennai. Since health and safety are two important elements essential for improving the productivity of an organization, a study on the existing health and safety measures would help the organization to perform better. his study would throw light on the perception of the workers regarding health and safety. !heels #ndia ltd can identify the areas where it can be improved, so as to improve the performance of the workers. provisions to improve health and safety. his study would also help to analyze the satisfaction level of the workers towards health and safety measures and suggest

1., -I>IT)TIONS O2 TH4 STUD?

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he study is applicable only to !heels #ndia ltd, Cadi, chennai. cannot be generalized for the whole industry.

herefore the results

2) Due to time constraints the sample size had to be confined to -A3. 3)

he respondents have replied to the 'ueries recalling from their memory. herefore recall bias and personal bias are possible.

4) Since the data was collected using a schedule, the interviewer unable to understand and

record the responses correctly.

he respondents were unable or unwilling to give response.

1.. CH)6T4R SCH4>4

Chapter 1 deals with introduction which gives brief description of the study. #t also deals with company profile, objectives, need, scope, importance and limitations of the study. Chapter deals with review of literature. ;iterature review is a discussion of the literature in a

given study, argued, and established about area of study. #t is a concise overview of the topic, and it is usually chronologically or thematically. , literature review is written in essay format. Chapter ' deals with research methodology. #t also deals with the ?esearch design, sampling design, nature of data, Dethod of data collection, and the tools applied in the study. Chapter ( deals with the ,nalysis and interpretation of the study. Chapter * deals with the findings, suggestions, and conclusion of the study. 5indings from each analysis have been listed separately. Suitable suggestions were given by the researcher. Eonclusion gives the result of the study for which the study was conducted.

1) Cohannson AE Rask FE Sten7er+ > ! 111#18 this study was to carry out a broad survey

and analysis of relevant research articles about piece rate wages and their effects on health and safety. , total of :3 research articles were examined extensively and A- of these were found relevant and had sufficient 'uality to serve the purpose of this study. he findings of these relevant articles are summarized and analysed in the survey. Dore recent research shows a clear interest for health, musculoskeletal injuries, physical workload, pains and occupational injuries. he fact that 1: of the A- studied articles found negative effects of piece rates on different aspects of health and safety does not prove causality, but together they give very strong support that in most situations piece rates have negative effects on health and safety.
2) To&pa8 4&ile 6hDE Dolins"hi8 Ro&an >)E $e Oliveira ! 110# 8 we reviewed the

occupational health and safety intervention literature to synthesize evidence on financial merits of such interventions. , literature search included journal databases, existing systematic reviews, and studies identified by content experts. !e found strong evidence that ergonomic and other musculoskeletal injury prevention intervention in manufacturing and warehousing are worth undertaking in terms of their financial merits. evaluation of interventions in this literature warrants further expansion. literature could be improved.
3) Conor CO Reynol$sE > )nne HarrisE 6eter ) CriptonE >e+han 3inters ! 110#'8

he economic he review also

provided insights into how the methodological 'uality of economic evaluations in this

>icycling has the potential to improve fitness. *nderstanding ways of making bicycling safer is important to improving population health. !e reviewed studies of the impact of transportation infrastructure on bicyclist safety. o assess safety, studies examining the following outcomes were included$ injuries= injury severity= and crashes. ?esults to date suggest that sidewalks and multi&use trails pose the highest risk, major roads are more hazardous than minor roads, and the presence of bicycle facilities 9e.g. on&road bike routes, on&road marked bike lanes, and off&road bike paths% was associated with the lowest risk. Street lighting, paved surfaces, and low&angled grades are additional factors that appear to improve cyclist safety.
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4) -u"ia )rta="o=E I&&a CortesE %in"enta 4s"ri7a5a+uirE -orena Cas"ant ! 110#(8 the

objectives of this study was to identify family and job characteristics associated with long work hours. he sample was composed of all salaried workers aged -<L</ years 9A.32 men and A-3A women% interviewed in the 122< Eatalonian (ealth Survey. 5actors associated with long working hours differed by gender. #n men, working 3-L<2 h a week was consistently associated with poor mental health status, self&reported hypertension, job dissatisfaction, smoking, shortage of sleep. ,mong women it was only related to smoking and to shortage of sleep. he association of overtime with different health indicators among men and women could be explained by their role as the family breadwinner.

5) Dee 3. 4$in+tonE )lyssa A. S"hult= ! 11/#*8

he aim was to present the literature

which provides evidence of the association between health risks and the workplace economic measures of time away from work, reduced productivity at work, health care costs and pharmaceutical costs. , search of CubDed was conducted and high 'uality studies were selected and combined with studies known to the authors. , strong body of evidence exists which shows that health risks of workers are associated with health care costs and pharmaceutical costs. , growing body of literature also confirms that health risks are associated with the productivity measures. he paper shows that measures of success will continue to be important as the field of worksite health management moves forward.

6) Davi$ 4. Cantor ! 11/#,8 he purpose of this paper was to review the literature and call

for additional research into the human, operational, and regulatory issues that contribute to workplace safety in the supply chain. safety practices. his paper identifies several potential research opportunities that can increase awareness of the importance of improving a firm)s workplace his paper identifies -20 articles which informs, how the logistics and transportation safety has evolved. he paper identifies -/ future research opportunities within the workplace safety in the supply chain, that have been identified can have a positive effect on practitioners confronted with safety issues.

7) -u"ia )rta="o=E I&&a CortesE %in"enta 4s"ri7a5a+uirE -orena Cas"ant ! 11.#.8 o

provide a framework for epidemiological research on work and health that combines classic occupational epidemiology and the consideration of work in a structural perspective focused on gender ine'ualities in health. 4aps and limitations in classic occupational epidemiology, when considered from a gender perspective, are described. Elassic occupational epidemiology has paid less attention to women+s problems than men+s. ?esearch into work related gender ine'ualities in health has rarely considered either social class or the impact of family demands on men+s health. he analysis of work and health from a gender perspective should take into account the complex interactions between gender, family roles, employment status and social class.

8) ShouDi Na+ashi&aE ?asushi Suwa=onoE ?asushi Oku7oE >irei Uetani ! 11.#/8

he

aim was to clarify the influence of working hours on both mental and physical symptoms of fatigue and use the data obtained to determine permissible working hours. he survey of day& shift male workers, using the Self&?ating Depression Scale 9SDS% and Eumulative 5atigue Symptoms #ndex 9E5S#%. , total of :-3 workers participated. #n the group working 1<2L1:. h@month, the odds ratios for SDS and Mirritability+ and Mchronic tiredness+ of the E5S# were increased. #n the group working 102 h@month, the odds ratios on E5S# for Mgeneral fatigue+, Mphysical disorders+, Manxiety+ and Mchronic tiredness+ were likewise increased. he research clarified that working hours should be N1<2 h@month in order to minimize fatigue symptoms in male day workers.

9) - )la5>ursulaE C %ahteraE ) FouvonenE ) %aananenE ) -inna ! 11,#08

he

associations of working hours 9paid, domestic, commuting, and total% with sickness, absence, and to examine whether these associations vary according to the level of employee control over daily working hours. he study among 13,:2A full&time public sector workers in -2 towns in 5inland. ;ong domestic and total working hours were associated with higher rates of medically certified sickness absences among both genders. ;ow control over daily working hours predicted medically certified sickness absences for both the women and men.
'1

#n combinations, high control over working hours reduced the adverse associations of long domestic and total working hours with medically certified absences. Employee control over daily working hours may protect health and help workers successfully combine a full&time job with the demands of domestic work.

10)

) AakerE F HeilerE S ) 2er+uson ! 11 #118 he occupational health and safety

implications associated with compressed and extended work periods have not been fully explored in the mining sector. ,bsenteeism and incident fre'uency rate data were collected over a AA month period that covered three different roster schedules. he only significant change in absenteeism rates was an increase in the maintenance sector in the third data collection period. he current study did not find significant negative effects of a -1&hour pattern, when compared to an 0&hour system. (owever, when unregulated and excessive overtime was introduced as part of the -1&hour@3&day roster, absenteeism rates were increased in the maintenance sector.

11)

N NakanishiaE H ?oshi$aaE F Na+anoaE H Fawashi&o7E F Naka&ura"

! 111#118 to evaluate the association of long working hours with the risk of hyper&tension. he work site is in "saka, Kapan. ./- hypertension free Kapanese male white collar workers aged A3L3/ years were prospectively examined by serial annual health examinations. /1/ men developed hypertension above the borderline level. ,fter controlling for potential predictors of hypertension, the relative risk for hypertension above the borderline level, compared with those who worked N 0.2 hours per day was 2./0, for those who worked -2.2L-2.. hours per day was 2.<A. hese results indicate that long working hours are negatively associated with the risk for hypertension in Kapanese male white collar workers.

12)

N. HaworthE C. Tin+vall 9 N. Fowa$lo ! 111#1 8 #n response to an increasing

awareness of the role of work&related driving in crashes and the related costs, many private and government organisations have developed programs to improve fleet safety. he purpose of this project is to investigate the potential to introduce road safety based initiatives in the corporate environment. 5rom the review, that the fleet safety initiatives which have potential
'1

to be effective are, Selecting safer vehicles, Some particular driver training and education programs, #ncentives, Eompany safety programs. #t is assumed that the degree of influence is likely to decrease as the type of vehicle moves from the fleet towards the private end of the continuum.
13)

@raves "arol +eve"kerE >atanoski +enevieve &E Tar$iff ro7ert + ! 111#1'8 his review

Earbonless copy paper 9EEC%, introduced in -.3/. #ts safety to workers who handle large amounts of EEC has been addressed in numerous studies and reports. encompasses the world)s literature on EEC and provides a weight&of&evidence analysis of the safety of EEC to workers in the *nited States. Since -.0:, has produced neither primary skin irritation nor skin sensitization under normal conditions of manufacture and use. 5inally, very few published complaints have come from the manufacturing sector where the closest and most voluminous contact occurs. >ased on the weight of the evidence, 8#"S( is anticipated to conclude that EEC is not a hazard to workers and has only a small possibility of producing mild and transient skin irritation.

14)

Faren C.>. Niven ! 111#1(8 , literature review was described which aimed to

evaluate economic evaluations of health and safety interventions in healthcare. Croblems were identified with valuing benefits in health and safety because they fre'uently take many years to emerge and are difficult to measure. *nderstanding of economic techni'ues within the health and safety professions was limited, resulting in wide&ranging assumptions being made as to the positive economic impact of health and safety interventions. (ealthcare managers, health economists, and health and safety professionals have not traditionally worked together and have inherent misunderstandings of each other roles. he review concludes that the aim of future research should be to assist the 8ational (ealth Service 98(S% to make valid decisions about health and safety investment and risk control methods.

15)

) Spur+eonE C > Harrin+tonE C - Cooper !100.#1*8 he European Eommunity

Directive on !orking ime, which should have been implemented in member states of the European Eommunity by 8ovember -..<. his paper reviews the current evidence relating to the potential effects on health and performance of extensions to the normal working day.
'

?esearch to date has been restricted to a limited range of health outcomes&&namely, mental health and cardiovascular disorders. "ther potential effects which are normally associated with stress&&for example, gastrointestinal disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and problems associated with depression of the immune system, have received little attention. #t is concluded that there is currently sufficient evidence to raise concerns about the risks to health and safety of long working hours.
16)

Si&on Chapple an$ Tra"y >ears !100,#1,8 Dost "EED countries rely on a

mixture of market forces, tort liability, compulsory insurance and government regulation to deal with workplace safety and health issues. here are also other non&efficiency reasons for government involvement in workplace safety and health. (owever, while markets may not be efficient, government intervention can fail to make any improvement and@or not satisfy cost& benefit criteria. !hile the empirical evidence is not clear cut, the balance of the evidence suggests that wages may include some consideration for health and safety risks. Evidence also suggests that workers+ compensation systems increase the fre'uency and duration of claims for non&fatal injuries, but may decrease the number of fatal injuries.

17)

6eter Hasle an$ Hans Cor+en -i&7or+ !100*#1.8

he scientific literature

regarding preventive occupational (ealth and Safety ,ctivities in Small Enterprises has been reviewed in order to identify effective preventive approaches and to develop a future research strategy. here is a lack of evaluation of intervention studies, both in terms of effect and practical applicability. (owever, there is sufficiently strong evidence to conclude that workers of small enterprises are subject to higher risks than the larger ones, and that small enterprises have difficulties in controlling risk. he most effective preventive approaches seem to be simple and low cost solutions, disseminated through personal contact. #t is important to develop future intervention research strategies, which study the complete intervention system of the small enterprises.

18)

International Coun"il on Nanote"hnolo+y8 Ri"e University1/8

he report,

HEurrent Inowledge and Cractices regarding Environmental (ealth and Safety in the 8anotechnology !orkplaceH, offers a review and analysis of existing efforts to develop Hbest
''

practices.H

his report finds that efforts to catalogue workplace practices have not

systematically documented current environment, health and safety practices in a variety of workplace settings and geographies. Doreover, it finds that some existing documents are not publicly available.
19)

>aynar$8 )n$rew D108 ,rticle from newsletter by ,ndrew Daynard

summarizing the current level of development and government investment in nanotechnology research and development, how nanotechnology presents a potential challenge to conventional approaches to understanding health hazards in the workplace, and how the *nited States 8ational #nstitute of "ccupational Safety and (ealth is working to address current and potential adverse health impacts in the workplace from nanotechnology.

20)

S"an$inavian Cournal of 3ork8 4nviron&ent8 an$ Health 18 his article seeks

to address a number of important 'uestions concerning the potential health and workplace safety risks raised by the manufacturing, handling, and distributing of engineered nanoparticles. he article addresses the following 'uestions= 9-% the hazards classification of engineered nanoparticles, 91% exposure metrics, 9A% the actual exposures workers may have to different engineered nanoparticles in the workplace, 9/% the limits of engineering controls and personal protective e'uipment in protecting workers in regard to engineered nanoparticles, 93% the kind of surveillance programs that should be put in place to protect workers, 9<% whether exposure registers should be established, and 9:% if engineered nanoparticles should be treated as new substances and evaluated for safety and hazards.

'(

'.1 R4S4)RCH D4SI@N: , ?esearch design is an arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purchase with economy in procedure. 5undamental to the success of any research project is the sound research design. he research design took for the study was Des"riptive Resear"h Desi+n. '. S)>6-IN@ D4SI@N: '. .1 6opulation: !orkers of !heels #ndia ;td, Cadi, Ehennai. i.e., 1.,1. '. . Sa&plin+ >etho$: Stratified Sampling '. .' Sa&ple 2ra&e: 5rom the pilot study, it was observed that a maximum of : respondents could be covered per day on average. 8o. of days available for survey 8o. of respondents per day 8o. of respondents for entire period '. .( Sa&ple Si=e: Pone Expected samples ,ctual samples collected -i&itations:
(i) Due to time and cost constraints, the study was restricted to chennai only. (ii) he duration available for survey per day was A hours only. i.e., 1$22pm to 3$22pm.
'*

$ $ $

12 days : 12J:O-/2 respondents

$ Ehennai $ $ -/2 1'*

(iii)Due to refusals and rejections only -A3 interview schedule 'uestionnaires could be

Eollected. '. .* 6ilot Survey: #t is a preliminary survey undertaken to test whether a survey 'uestionnaire has been properly designed. he pilot survey was conducted for : samples per day.

'. ., Sour"es of Data: '. .,.1 6ri&ary Data Colle"tion: hese are fresh data which are collected for the first time. he data collection used for this study is Interview s"he$ule ;uestionnaire. '. .,. Se"on$ary Data Colle"tion: Secondary data consist of information that already exists somewhere and have been collected for specific purpose in the study. he secondary data for this study are newspapers, journals, magazines, internet etc.

'. .. @eo+raphi"al )rea: he study area taken for this study was !heels #ndia ;td, Cadi, Ehennai.

'. ./ Ti&e Di&ensions: -st Kan to -2th Kan --th Kan to A-st Kan -th 5eb to 10th 5eb -st Dar to A-th Dar $ #nternal study of the company. $ ?eview of literature and heoretical perspective. $ Establishment of Questionnaire and pilot study. $ Data analysis, data interpretation, application of Statistical tools. -st ,pr to -2th ,pr --th ,pr to 12th ,pr $ 5indings, suggestions and conclusion. $ ?eport preparation.
',

'. .0 Data Colle"tion Instru&ents: his study is conducted by collecting primary data using -A3 interview schedule 'uestionnaires, each consist of 1< 'uestions. ,ll the 'uestions are closed ended 'uestions and almost all 'uestions were directive. '. .0.1 Close$ 4n$e$ Buestion: Dichotomous Dultiple choices ;ikert Scale ?anking Scale SUA TOT)Respon$ent 6rofile TOT)$ 2< $ 20 $ 20 $ 2$ ' $ 1' $ ,

'. .11 Statisti"al Tools Use$:

Eorrelation Spearman+s rank correlation ,nova

'.

(.1 64RC4NT)@4 )N)-?SIS: (.1.1 Ta7le showin+ the a+e of the respon$ents S NO , > E D E R)N@4 >elow 13 1< & A2 A- L A3 A< L /2 ,bove /2 NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS & A< :1 1: & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G & 1: 3A 12 & -22

Total

(.1.1 2i+ure showin+ the a+e of the respon$ents

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than one&fifth of the respondents are comes under the age limit of 1< L A2 years and nearly three&fifth of the respondents are having the age limit of A- L A3 years and the remaining one&fifth respondents falls between the age limit of A< L /2 years. here are no respondents having the age limit, >elow 13 and ,bove /2 in the survey.
'/

(.1. Ta7le showin+ the e:perien"e !in years# of the respon$ents S NO , > E D E R)N@4 >elow 3 < & -2 -- L -3 -< L 12 ,bove 12 NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS & 30 <A -/ & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G & /A /: -2 & -22

Total

(.1. 2i+ure showin+ the e:perien"e !in years# of the respon$ents

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than two&fifth of the respondents are having the experience of < L -2 years and nearly three&fifth of the respondents are having the experience of -- L -3 years and the remaining some respondents are having experience of -< L 12 years. here are no respondents having the experience, >elow 3 and ,bove 12 in the survey.

(.1.' Ta7le showin+ the awareness of health an$ safety

S NO , >

R)N@4 RES 8"

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS <A :1 -A3

64RC4NT)@4 G /: 3A -22

Total

(.1.' 2i+ure showin+ the awareness of health an$ safety

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only less than half of the respondents are aware of the health and safety measures but more than half of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company.

(.1.( Ta7le showin+ the effe"tive arran+e&ents for "o&&uni"atin+ health an$ safety &atters
(1

S NO , >

R)N@4 RES 8"

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS /. 0< -A3

64RC4NT)@4 G A< </ -22

Total

(.1.( 2i+ure showin+ the effe"tive arran+e&ents for "o&&uni"atin+ health an$ safety &atters

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only one&third of the respondents say that they have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters but nearly two&third of the respondents says that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters in the company.

(.1.* Ta7le showin+ the &e$i"al fa"ility

(1

S NO , >

R)N@4 RES 8"

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS :1 <A -A3

64RC4NT)@4 G 3A /: -22

Total

(.1.* 2i+ure showin+ the &e$i"al fa"ility

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than half of the respondents say that the company is providing medical facilities to the workers but less than half of the respondents respond the company is not providing any medical facilities to the workers.

(.1., Ta7le showin+ the health an$ safety trainin+

S NO

R)N@4

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS
(

64RC4NT)@4 G

, >

RES 8"

:1 <A -A3

3A /: -22

Total

(.1., 2i+ure showin+ the health an$ safety trainin+

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than half of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety training programme conducted in the company but less than half of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the company.

(.1.. Ta7le showin+ the fre;uen"y of trainin+ offere$ S NO , > R)N@4 "nce in 3 year "nce in A year
('

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS A1 :<

64RC4NT)@4 G 1/ 3<

E D E

Rearly once Donthly ?arely

1: & & -A3

12 & & -22

Total

(.1.. 2i+ure showin+ the fre;uen"y of trainin+ offere$

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than one&fifth of the respondents say that the training is offered once in 3 years and nearly three&fifth of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in A years and the remaining one&fifth respondents says that the training is offered yearly once. 8o respondents say that the training is offered monthly or rarely.

(.1./ Ta7le showin+ the $rinkin+ water fa"ility S NO , > E R)N@4 ,lways Sometimes "ften
((

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS -/ <: /3

64RC4NT)@4 G -2 32 AA

D E

?arely 8ot at all

. & -A3

: & -22

Total

(.1./ 2i+ure showin+ the $rinkin+ water fa"ility

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, less than one&fifth of the respondents say that always they have proper drinking water and half of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking water and more than one&fifth respondents says often they have proper drinking water and some of the respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place.

(.1.0 Ta7le showin+ the stress towar$s work S NO , > E D R)N@4 ,lways Sometimes "ften ?arely
(*

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS . /3 :1 .

64RC4NT)@4 G : AA 3A :

8ot at all

& -A3

& -22

Total

(.1.0 2i+ure showin+ the stress towar$ work

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only very few respondents say that always they have stress and nearly two&fifth of the respondents respond that sometimes they have stress and nearly three&fifth of the respondents says often they have stress and very few respondents says rarely they have stress towards work.

(.1.11 Ta7le showin+ the awareness a7out first ai$ a"tivities an$ "ontents of the first ai$ kit S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree
(,

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS --A 11 & & &

64RC4NT)@4 G 0/ -< & & &

Total

-A3

-22

(.1.11 2i+ure showin+ the awareness a7out first ai$ a"tivities an$ "ontents of the first ai$ kit

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than four&fifth of the respondents strongly agrees that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit but less than one&fifth respondents simply agrees that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit. 8o respondents say that they are not aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit.

(.1.11 Ta7le showin+ the effe"tive $is"iplinary pro"e$ures i&ple&entation S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree
(.

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS :< 3. & & &

64RC4NT)@4 G 3< // & & &

Total

-A3

-22

(.1.11 2i+ure showin+ the effe"tive $is"iplinary pro"e$ures i&ple&entation

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, nearly three&fifth of the respondents strongly agrees that the company implements effective disciplinary procedures but more than two&fifth respondents simply agrees that the company implements effective disciplinary procedures to maintain health and safety in the organization. 8o respondents say that the company is not implementing effective disciplinary procedures.

(.1.1 Ta7le showin+ the workin+ te&perature is reasona7le to work S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS A1 -2A & & & -A3
(/

64RC4NT)@4 G 1/ :< & & & -22

Total

(.1.1 2i+ure showin+ the workin+ te&perature is reasona7le to work

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than one&fifth of the respondents strongly agree that the working temperature is reasonable to work but nearly four&fifth respondents simply agree that the working temperature is reasonable to work. 8o respondents say that the working temperature is not reasonable to work.

(.1.1' Ta7le showin+ the enou+h spa"e to work S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS 11 0A1 & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G -< <2 1/ & & -22

Total

(0

(.1.1' 2i+ure showin+ the enou+h spa"e to work

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, less than one&fifth of the respondents strongly agree that they have enough space to work but three&fifth respondents simply agree that they have enough space to work and more than one&fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about the overcrowding. 8o respondents say that they are not having enough space to work.

(.1.1( Ta7le showin+ the latrines an$ urinals are "leane$ an$ &aintaine$ properly S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS 11 :: A< & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G -< 3: 1: & & -22

Total

(.1.1( 2i+ure showin+ the latrines an$ urinals are "leane$ an$ &aintaine$ properly
*1

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, less than one&fifth of the respondents strongly agree that the latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly but nearly three&fifth respondents simply agree that the latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly and more than one&fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about the maintenance of latrines and urinals. 8o respondents say that the latrines and urinals are not cleaned and maintained properly.

(.1.1* Ta7le showin+ the environ&ent is safe to work S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS 3/ /3 A< & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G /2 AA 1: & & -22

Total

(.1.1* 2i+ure showin+ the environ&ent is safe to work

*1

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, two&fifth of the respondents strongly agree that their environment is safe to work but less than two&fifth respondents simply agree that their environment is safe to work and more than one&fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about their environment is safe to work. 8o respondents say that their environment is not safe to work.

(.1.1, Ta7le showin+ the enou+h trainin+ +iven to workers 7efore han$lin+ the &a"hines S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Strongly agree ,gree 8eutral Disagree Strongly disagree NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS <A 32 11 & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G /: A: -< & & -22

Total

(.1.1, 2i+ure showin+ the enou+h trainin+ +iven to workers 7efore han$lin+ the &a"hines

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than two&fifth of the respondents strongly agree that enough training is given to the workers but less than two&fifth respondents simply agree that enough training is given to the workers and less than one&fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about enough the training given to the workers. 8o respondents say that enough training is not given to the workers before handling machines.

(.1.1. Ta7le showin+ the health "he"kup for workers S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Rearly (alf yearly Quarterly Donthly ?arely NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS & A1 ./ . & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G & 1/ <. : & -22

Total

(.1.1. 2i+ure showin+ the health "he"kup for workers

*'

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than one&fifth of the respondents say that the company provides health check&up half yearly and more than three&fifth of the respondents respond that the company provides health check&up 'uarterly and less than one&fifth respondents says that the company provides health check&up monthly. 8o respondents say that the health check&up was provided yearly or rarely.

(.1.1/ Ta7le showin+ the &a"hines &aintaine$ properly S NO , > E D E R)N@4 ,lways Sometimes "ften ?arely 8ot at all NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS / 3/ <A -/ & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G A /2 /: -2 & -22

Total

(.1.1/ 2i+ure showin+ the &a"hines &aintaine$ properly

*(

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only very few respondents say that always they are maintaining the machines properly and two&fifth of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining the machines properly and more than two&fifth respondents says often they are maintaining the machines properly and less than one&fifth of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

(.1.10 Ta7le showin+ the a""i$ents happene$ S NO , > E D E R)N@4 ,lways Sometimes "ften ?arely 8ot at all NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS / 1A 01: & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G A -: <2 12 & -22

Total

(.1.10 2i+ure showin+ the a""i$ents happene$

**

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only very few respondents say that always the accidents are happened and less than one&fifth of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and three&fifth respondents says often the accidents are happened and one&fifth of the respondents says rarely the accidents are happened.

(.1. 1 Ta7le showin+ the rankin+ a""i$ents 7y their o""urren"e S NO , > E D R)N@4 5allen from height 5inger injuries Electric shocks 5ire accidents NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS / 32 <A -0 -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G A A: /: -A -22

Total

(.1. 1 2i+ure showin+ the rankin+ a""i$ents 7y their o""urren"e

*,

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, only very few respondents ranked fallen from height are occurred and less than two&fifth of the respondents ranked finger injuries are occurred but more than two&fifth of the respondents ranked electric shocks are happened and less than one&fifth of the respondents ranked fire accidents are happened.

(.1. 1 Ta7le showin+ the "o&pany provi$in+ safety re;uire&ents

S NO , >

R)N@4 RES 8"

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS .. A< -A3

64RC4NT)@4 G :A 1: -22

Total

(.1. 1 2i+ure showin+ the "o&pany provi$in+ safety re;uire&ents

*.

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, nearly four&fifth of the respondents say that the company is providing safety re'uirements for work and more than one&fifth of the respondents only respond that the company is not providing any safety re'uirements for work.

(.1.

Ta7le showin+ the safety "o&&ittee for&e$

S NO , >

R)N@4 RES 8"

NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS /./ -A3

64RC4NT)@4 G A<. -22

Total

(.1.

2i+ure showin+ the safety "o&&ittee for&e$

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, nearly two&fifth of the respondents respond that the safety committee is formed in the company but more than three&fifth of the respondents say that the safety committee is not formed in the company.

(.1. ' Ta7le showin+ the safety inspe"tions hel$ in the "o&pany S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Rearly Donthly !eekly Daily ?arely NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS 1: .2 -0 & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G 12 <: -A & & -22

Total

*0

(.1. ' 2i+ure showin+ the safety inspe"tions hel$ in the "o&pany

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, one&fifth of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held yearly once and more than three&fifth of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held monthly once and less than one&fifth respondents says that the safety inspections are held weekly once. 8o respondents say that the safety inspections are held daily or rarely in the company.

(.1. ( Ta7le showin+ the satisfa"tory level of workers towar$s health an$ safety &easures S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Gery much satisfied Satisfied 8eutral Dissatisfied (ighly dissatisfied NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS & --: -0 & & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G & 0: -A & & -22

Total

(.1. ( 2i+ure showin+ the satisfa"tory level of workers towar$s health an$ safety &easures
,1

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, more than four&fifth of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company and less than one&fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures. 8o respondents are very much satisfied and dissatisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company.

(.1. * Ta7le showin+ the role of &ana+e&ent in i&ple&entin+ health an$ safety S NO , > E D E R)N@4 Excellent >est >etter 4ood Coor NO. O2 R4S6OND4NTS & 3/ <: -/ & -A3 64RC4NT)@4 G & /2 32 -2 & -22

Total

(.1. * 2i+ure showin+ the role of &ana+e&ent in i&ple&entin+ health an$ safety

,1

IN24R4NC4: #n the survey, two&fifth of the respondents say that the role of management in implementing health and safety is best and more than two&fifth of the respondents say that the role of management is better and less than one&fifth of the respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health and safety is good. 8o respondents say that the role of management in implementing health and safety is excellent or poor. (. CHI5SBU)R4 )N)-?SIS: (. .1 )nalysis 7etween awareness of workers an$ Health an$ safety trainin+. Null hypothesis ( ": here is a relationship existing between the awareness of workers and the ": here is no relationship existing between the awareness of

(ealth and safety training. )lternative hypothesis (

workers and the (ealth and safety training. (. .1.1 Ta7le showin+ the awareness of workers an$ health an$ safety trainin+. ?es Nu&7er Of Respon$ents <A :1
,

No :1 <A

Total 1'* 1'*

Total

1'*

1'*

.1

2OR>U-): H O !here, " O "bserved 5re'uency E O Expected 5re'uency O ?ow otal x Eolumn otal 4rand otal i O -, 1, ATTTn S 9"i &Ei %1 @ Ei

(. .1. Ta7le showin+ the analysis 7etween awareness of workers an$ health an$ safety trainin+. Oi <A :1 :1 <A 4i <:.3 <:.3 <:.3 <:.3 Total De+ree of free$o&: O 9r & -% 9c &-% O 91&-% 91&-% O,'

!Oi I 4i# &/.3 /.3 /.3 &/.3

!Oi I 4i# 12.13 12.13 12.13 12.13

!Oi I 4i# < 4i 2.A 2.A 2.A 2.A 1.

H H

able value at 3B ;evel of significance O A.0/JH

H Ealculated value O -.1

So, (2 is accepted, (- is rejected. IN24R4NC4: (ence, there is a relationship between the awareness of workers and the (ealth and safety training.

(. . )nalysis 7etween effe"tive $is"iplinary pro"e$ures an$ safe work environ&ent. Null hypothesis ( ": here is a relationship existing between the effective disciplinary ": here is no relationship existing between the effective disciplinary

procedures and safe working environment. )lternative hypothesis (

procedures and safe working environment. (. . .1 Ta7le showin+ the effe"tive $is"iplinary pro"e$ures an$ prote"te$ workin+ environ&ent. Stron+ly Nu&7er Of Respon$ents )+ree :< 3/ Total 1'1 )+ree 3. /3 11( Neutral 2 A< ',
,(

Disa+ree 2 2 1

Stron+ly Disa+ree 2 2 1

Total 1'* 1'* .1

2OR>U-): H O !here, " O "bserved 5re'uency E O Expected 5re'uency O ?ow otal x Eolumn otal 4rand otal i O -, 1, ATTTn S 9"i &Ei %1 @ Ei

(. . . Ta7le showin+ the analysis 7etween effe"tive $is"iplinary pro"e$ures an$ prote"te$ workin+ environ&ent. Oi :< 3. 2 2 2 3/ /3 A< 2 2 4i <3 31 -0 2 2 <3 31 -0 2 2 Total De+ree of free$o&:
,*

!Oi I 4i# -: &-0 2 2 &-&: -0 2 2

!Oi I 4i# -1/. A1/ 2 2 -1/. A1/ 2 2

!Oi I 4i# < 4i -.0<2../1 -0 2 2 -.0<2../1 -0 2 2 (1.,1,

O 9r & -% 9c &-% O 91&-% 93&-% O/ H H able value at 3B ;evel of significance O ../00 KH

H Ealculated value O /-.<2<

So, (2 is rejected, (- is accepted. IN24R4NC4: (ence, there is no relationship existing between the effective disciplinary procedures and safe working environment.

(.' CORR4-)TION )N)-?SIS: )nalysis 7etween the &aintenan"e of &a"hines an$ the a""i$ents happene$. U L Daintenance of machines. R L ,ccidents happened. (.'.1 Ta7le showin+ the analysis 7etween the &aintenan"e of &a"hines an$ the a""i$ents happene$. L / 3/ <A -/ 2 1'* ? / 1A 01: 2 1'* L -< 1.-< A.<. -.< 2 .10. ? -< 31. <3<:1. 2 ./'* L? -< -1/1 3-2A A:0 2 ,.'0

,,

2OR>U-): rM 98 Sxy & Sx Sy% V 98 Sx1 L 9Sx% 1% V 98 Sy1 L 9Sy% 1% O O 39<:A.% L 9-A3% 9-A3% < V 93 9:2.:% L 9-0113%% V 93 9:0A3% L 9-0113%% 2.0-A

IN24R4NC4: Eorrelation for the maintenance of machines and the accidents happened. %)-U4 2.0-A R4SU-T 4""D

(.( S64)R>)NNS R)NF CORR4-)TION: )nalysis 7etween the health "he"k5up provi$e$ an$ stress towar$s work. U & (ealth check&up provided. R & Stress towards work. (.(.1 Ta7le showin+ the analysis 7etween the health "he"k5up provi$e$ an$ stress towar$s work. L 2 A1 ./ . 2 ? . /3 :1 . 2 R1 /.3 1 A /.3 TOT)R A.3 1 A.3 3 D M R1 I R 2 2 &2.3 &2.3 D 2 2 2.13 2.13 1.*

,.

2OR>U-)4: !hen the ranks are e'ual, r M - L < 9SD1 W -@-19mA L m% WTT% 8 981 L -% 8 O 8umber of values in a group. m O 8umber of times a value is repeated.

Therefore8 r O - L < 9-.3 W -@-191A L 1% W -@-191A & 1% 3 931 L -% O - L 2.-13 O 2.0:3 IN24R4NC4: %)-U4 2.0:3 R4SU-T 4""D

(ealth check&up provided and stress towards work.

,/

(.* )NO%): )nalysis 7etween the health an$ safety &easures provi$e$ to the workers. Null hypothesis ( ": here is no significant difference existing between the health and safety ": here is a significant difference existing between the health and

measures provided to the workers. )lternative hypothesis (

safety measures provided to the workers. (.*.1 Ta7le showin+ the nu&7er of respon$ents an$ the workin+s.

,0

>4)SUR4S 2irst5)i$ Te&perature 4nou+h spa"e >aintainin+ latrines8 urinals Trainin+ 7efore han$lin+ &a"hines TOT)TOT)-

Stron+ly a+ree --A A1 11 11

)+ree 11 -2A 0::

Neutral 2 2 A1 A<

Disa+ree 2 2 2 2

Stron+ly $isa+ree 2 2 2 2

TOT)1'* 1'* 1'* 1'*

TOT)1' *' 11,'' /1,0 ..10

<A

32

11

1'*

,0*'

* 1/.'1

''' ,1/'

01 /1(

1 1

1 ,.* 1 (.,1.

1. Corre"tion fa"tor O 9 -% 1 @ n O 9<:3% 1 @13 O -0113 . Su& of the s;uares of "olu&ns: SSE O S 9Ej% 1 @ ? L E5 O X9131%1 @ 3 W 9AAA%1 @ 3 W 9.2%1 @ 3 W 92%1 @ 3 W 92%1 @ 3Y L -0113 O -01:/ Degree of freedom O E L O3LO/ '. Su& of the s;uares of total: SS O
1

L E5
.1

O /:<-: L -0113 O 1.A.1 (. Su& of the s;uares of resi$ual error: SSE O SS L SSE O 1.A.1 L -01:/ O ----0 Degree of freedom O E 9? L -% O 3 93 L -% O 3J/ O 12 (.*. Ta7le showin+ the analysis of varian"e. Sour"es of variation >etween columns ?esidual error Total Su& of s;uares -01:/ ----0 0'0 De+ree of free$o& / 12 ( >ean su& of s;uares /3<0.3 33<

5 calculated value O /3<0.3 @ 33< O 0.1-: Degree of freedom 9/, 12% and ;evel of significance O 3B 5 table value O 1.0: 2"al J 2ta7 M H1 is a""epte$ (ere, the calculated value is greater than the table value. (ence we reject the null hypothesis 9Ho% and accept the alternative hypothesis 9H1%. IN24R4NC4: here is a significant difference existing between the health and safety measures provided to the workers.
.1

*.1 2INDIN@S *.1.1 6er"enta+e )nalysis: -% 3AB of the respondents are having the age limit of A- L A3 years and 1:B of the respondents are comes under the age limit of 1< L A2 years and 12B of the respondents are falls between the age limit of A< L /2 years. 1% /:B of the respondents are having the experience of -- L -3 years and /AB of the respondents are having the experience of < L -2 years and only -2B of the respondents are having the experience of -< L 12 years.

A% 3AB of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety measures and only /:B of the respondents are aware of the health and safety measures. /% </B of the respondents say that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters= only A<B agrees that they have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters.
5) 3AB of the respondents say that the company is providing medical facilities but /:B of

the respondents respond that the company is not providing medical facilities to the workers. <% 3AB of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety training programme but /:B of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the company. :% 3<B of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in A years and 1/B of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 3 years and 12B of the respondents say that the training is offered yearly once. 0% 32B of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking water and AAB of the respondents says often they have proper drinking water and -2B of the respondents say that always they have proper drinking water and :B of the respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place. .% 3AB of the respondents says often they have stress and AAB of the respondents respond that sometimes they have stress and :B of the respondents say that always they have stress and only :B of the respondents says rarely they have stress towards work. -2% 0/B of the respondents strongly agree that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit and -<B of the respondents simply agree that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit.
11)

3<B of the respondents strongly agree that the company implements effective

disciplinary procedures and //B of the respondents simply agree that the company implements effective disciplinary procedures.
12)

:<B of the respondents simply agree that the working temperature is reasonable

to work and 1/B of the respondents strongly agree that the working temperature is reasonable to work.

.'

13)

<2B of the respondents simply agree that they have enough space to work and

1/B of the respondents have no idea about the overcrowding and -<B of the respondents strongly agree that they have enough space to work.
14)

3:B of the respondents simply agree that the latrines and urinals are cleaned and

maintained properly and 1:B of the respondents have no idea about the maintenance of latrines and urinals and -<B of the respondents strongly agree that the latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly.
15)

/2B of the respondents strongly agree that their environment is safe to work and

AAB of the respondents simply agree that their environment is safe to work and 1:B of the respondents say that they have no idea about the safe working environment.
16)

/:B of the respondents strongly agree that enough training is given to the

workers and A:B of the respondents simply agree that enough training is given to the workers and -<B of the respondents say that they have no idea about enough the training given to the workers.
17)

<.B of the respondents respond that the company provides health check&up

'uarterly and 1/B of the respondents say that the company provides health check&up half yearly and :B of the respondents say that the company provides health check&up monthly.
18)

/:B of the respondents says often they are maintaining the machines properly and

/2B of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining the machines properly and only -2B of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly and AB of the respondents say that always they are maintaining the machines properly.
19)

<2B of the respondents say often the accidents are happened and 12B of the

respondents say rarely the accidents are happened and -:B of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and only AB of the respondents say that always the accidents are happened.
20)

/:B of the respondents ranked electric shocks are happened and A:B of the

respondents ranked finger injuries are occurred and -AB of the respondents ranked fire accidents are happened and only AB of the respondents ranked fallen from height are occurred.
.(

21)

:AB of the respondents say that the company is providing safety re'uirements for

work but 1:B of the respondents respond that the company is not providing any safety re'uirements for work.
22)

<.B of the respondents say that the safety committee is not formed in the

company and only A-B of the respondents respond that the safety committee is formed in the company.
23)

<:B of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held monthly once

and 12B of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held yearly once and -AB of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held weekly once.
24)

0:B of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health and

safety measures and -AB of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures.
25)

32B of the respondents say that the role of management is better and /2B of the

respondents say that the role of management is best and -2B of the respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health and safety is good. *.1. Statisti"al )nalysis: *.1. .1 Chi 5 S;uare )nalysis:
1)

here is a relationship between the awareness of workers and the (ealth and safety training. here is no relationship existing between the effective disciplinary procedures and safe working environment.

2)

*.1. . Correlation: Since the correlation value is 2.0-A, there is a high degree of positive relationship that exists between the maintenance of machines and the accidents happened. *.1. .' Spear&anNs Rank Correlation: Since the correlation value is 2.0:3, the relationship that exists between the health check& up provided and stress towards work is good.
.*

*.1. .( )nova: here is a significant difference existing between the health and safety measures provided to the workers.

*. SU@@4STIONS -%
2)

he company has to create the awareness for the workers regarding health and safety. hey have to provide effective arrangements to the workers for communicating their health and safety matters.

3) #t is better to provide fre'uent health and safety training, atleast once in a year.
.,

4) 5)

he company has to provide enough drinking water facility available at all the time. he management has to take necessary steps to reduce the stress level of the workers. environment is safe to work.

6) "rientation programmes can be conducted to make the workers to feel that their work

7)

he maintenance department has to maintain the machines properly to reduce lead&time.

8) Croper training has to be given to the workers to avoid fre'uent accidents. 9) Deditation practices can be given to avoid electric shocks, finger injuries etc. due to lack

of concentration.
10) 11)

Safety committee has to be formed to monitor the health and safety issues. he company has to conduct the regular inspections to ensure higher level of Eordial relationship has to be maintained between the management and the

safety in the workplace.

workers to implement the health and safety policies and measures in a smooth manner.

*.' CONC-USION #t is revealed from the study that, the health and safety measures adopted in !heels #ndia ltd, Cadi, Ehennai are provided to the workers according to the provisions of the factories act. #t reveals that the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the workplace is inade'uate. ,lso repeated accidents like electric shocks, finger injuries are occurred in the workplace.
..

Suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those accidents and to improve the health and safety measures. he role of management in implementing health and safety in the organization is very effective. Dost of the workers were satisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company. #f the company implements effective disciplinary procedures= it will help the company to go with their policies and also to maintain health and safety in the organization.

AIA-IO@R)6H? Aooks:
1) ,run monappa 9-../%, OIn$ustrial relationsP, 0th edition. 2) ,jay garg 9-..3%, O-a7our lawsP, 0 th revised edition. 3) E.>.Damoria, Satish mamoria, 4ankar 9122.%, ODyna&i"s of in$ustrial relationsP, -.th

edition.
./

4) E.>.4uptha 91222%, OHu&an Resour"e &ana+e&entQ. 5) E.?.Iothari 9-..:%, OResear"h &etho$olo+y5 &etho$s an$ te"hni;uesP, 1nd edition. 6) Koseph D Cutti 9-.02%, OThe &ana+e&ent of se"urin+ an$ &aintainin+ the

workfor"eP, S Ehand F Eo ;td. ?am 8agar, 8ew Delhi.

(imalaya publishing house.

Sewa singh chauhan 9-..A%, O-a7our welfare a$&inistration in In$iaP, -st

edition.

3e7sites:
1) www.hr.com 2) www.humanresources.about.com 3) www.ilo.com 4) www.britannica.com 5) www.definition&info.com

Referen"es:
1) http$@@www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov@pubmed@12-2</<. 2) http$@@journals.lww.com@joem@,bstract@122.@2.222@,ZSystematicZ?eviewZofZ"ccupatio

nalZ(ealthZand.<.aspx
3) http$@@www.ehjournal.net@content@0@-@/: 4) http$@@jech.bmj.com@content@<A@:@31-.abstract

.0

5) http$@@www.emeraldinsight.com@#nsight@viewEontent#tem.do=jsessionidO.51ED>E<>3--

-E,<:3<D1D1<>.-1-<-2[content ypeO,rticleFcontent#dO-:-01:<
6) http$@@www.emeraldinsight.com@#nsight@viewEontent#tem.do[

content ypeO,rticleFcontent#dO-:10-/3
7) http$@@jech.bmj.com@content@<-@SupplZ1@iiA..abstract 8) http$@@occmed.oxfordjournals.org@cgi@content@abstract@3:@<@//. 9) http$@@oem.bmj.com@content@<A@.@<20.abstract 10) 11) 12) 13) 14)

http$@@oem.bmj.com@content@<2@-@/A.abstract http$@@jech.bmj.com@content@33@3@A-<.abstract http$@@www.monash.edu.au@muarc@reports@muarc-<<.html http$@@cat.inist.fr@[aDodeleOaffiche8FcpsidtO-3-.A10 http$@@ethics.iit.edu@8anoEthics>ank@popularZsearch.php[ http$@@oem.bmj.com@content@3/@<@A<:.abstract http$@@www.dol.govt.nz@publication&view.asp[#DO3A http$@@www.cdc.gov@niosh@docs@122:&-1A@pdfs@122:&-1A.pdf http$@@cohesion.rice.edu@Eenters,nd#nst@#E"8@emplibrary@ChaseB12# http$@@www.icohweb.org@newsletter@icohZnewsletterZ122/Z2/.pdf

cmdOsearchFwordsOworkplaceWsafetyFmodeOnormal
15) 16) 17) 18)

B12?eportZ*ES>#E"8B125inal.pdf
19)

12% http$@@www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov@pu bmed@-.2A2:<<[doptO,bstract

INT4R%I43 SCH4DU-4
1) 8ame 9"ptional%

1% ,ge 9a% >elow 13 9b% 1<&A2 9c% A-&A3 9d% A<&/2 9e% ,bove /2

/1

A% Experience 9in years% 9a% >elow 3 9b% <&-2 9c% --&-3 9d% -<&12 9e% ,bove 12 /% ,re you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company[ 9a% Res 9b% 8o 3% Do you have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters[ 9a% Res 9b% 8o
6) Does the company provide medical facility to the workers[

9a% Res 9b% 8o :% (ave you attended any health and safety training in your company[ 9a% Res 9b% 8o
8) (ow fre'uent training is offered in the company[

9a% "nce in 3 year 9b% once in A year 9c% yearly once 9d% Donthly 9e% ?arely .% Do you have proper drinking water facility inside your work place[ 9a% ,lways 9b% Sometimes 9c% "ften 9d% ?arely 9e% 8ot at all -2% Do you have any stress towards work[ 9a% ,lways 9b% Sometimes 9c% "ften 9d% ?arely 9e% 8ot at all

/1

B.NO

6)R)>4T4RS

S ?"84;R ,4?EE

,4?EE

8E* ?,;

D#S,4?EE

S ?"84;R D#S,4?EE

--%

Do you know the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit[ he company implements effective disciplinary procedure to maintain health and safety[ he working temperature is reasonable to work[ Do you have enough space to work[ he latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly[ Do you think that your environment is safe to work[ #s enough training given to the workers before handling the machines[ (ow often the company provide health checkup for workers[

-1%

-A% -/%

-3%

-<%

-:%

18)

9a% Rearly 9b% (alf yearly 9c% Quarterly 9d% Donthly 9e% ?arely -.% ,re the machines maintained properly[ 9a% ,lways 9b% Sometimes 9c% "ften 9d% ?arely 9e% 8ot at all 12% (ow often the accidents happen[ 9a% ,lways 9b% Sometimes 9c% "ften 9d% ?arely 9e% 8ot at all

21)

?ank the accidents by their occurrence[

)CCID4NTS 5allen from height 5inger injuries Electric shocks 5ire accidents

R)NFIN@

11% ,re they providing the safety re'uirements for work[ 9a% Res 9b% 8o 1A% !hether safety committee formed in the company[ 9a% Res 9b% 8o 1/% (ow often the safety inspections are held in your company[ 9a% Rearly 9b% Donthly 9c% !eekly 9d% Daily 9e% ?arely 13% Satisfactory level of the health and safety measures taken in the company[
(a) Gery much satisfied 9b% Satisfied 9c% 8eutral 9d% Dissatisfied 9e% (ighly dissatisfied

1<% he role of management in implementing health and safety[ 9a% Excellent 9b% >est 9c% >etter 9d% 4ood 9e% poor O6INIONS )ND SU@@4STIONS:

/'