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    Calculating Heat Loss or Gain

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    Priyanka Rajani
    U-values measure the heat transmission properties of a wall or other building component exposed to air on both sides. The U-value can be calculated from the individual R-values of each material in the wall plus air films on both sides. Higher R-values and thicker insulation result in lower U-values and less heat transfer. Heat transfer through a wall or other component is calculated by multiplying the U-value, area, and temperature difference. Total building heat loss is found by adding the calculated heat loss of all components.

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    Calculating Heat Loss or Gain

    Uploaded by

    Priyanka Rajani
    133 views3 pages
    U-values measure the heat transmission properties of a wall or other building component exposed to air on both sides. The U-value can be calculated from the individual R-values of each material in the wall plus air films on both sides. Higher R-values and thicker insulation result in lower U-values and less heat transfer. Heat transfer through a wall or other component is calculated by multiplying the U-value, area, and temperature difference. Total building heat loss is found by adding the calculated heat loss of all components.

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    U-values measure the heat transmission properties of a wall or other building component exposed to air on both sides. The U-value can be calculated from the individual R-values of each material in the wall plus air films on both sides. Higher R-values and thicker insulation result in lower U-values and less heat transfer. Heat transfer through a wall or other component is calculated by multiplying the U-value, area, and temperature difference. Total building heat loss is found by adding the calculated heat loss of all components.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    133 views3 pages

    Calculating Heat Loss or Gain

    Uploaded by

    Priyanka Rajani
    U-values measure the heat transmission properties of a wall or other building component exposed to air on both sides. The U-value can be calculated from the individual R-values of each material in the wall plus air films on both sides. Higher R-values and thicker insulation result in lower U-values and less heat transfer. Heat transfer through a wall or other component is calculated by multiplying the U-value, area, and temperature difference. Total building heat loss is found by adding the calculated heat loss of all components.

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    Calculating U-Values

    Since the U-value is a measure of the heat transmission properties of the entire wall section when exposed to air on both sides, this is the property that should be determined when figuring the heat loss through walls, floors, ceilings, etc. The U-value for a wall can be determined from the following relationship: U= 1 R1 + R1 + R2 + . . .Ro the resistivity of a "boundary layer" of air on the inside surface.

    where: Ri =

    R1, R2 = the resistivity of each component of the walls for the actual thickness of the component used. If the resistance per inch thickness is used, the value should be multiplied by the thickness of that component. Ro = the resistivity of the "air boundary layer" on the outside surface of the wall. For example, to determine the U-value for the following wall section composed of three materials: 1. Hardboard, 1/4-inch thick 2. Expanded polystrene, 2-inches thick 3. Plywood, 3/4-inch thick

    The R-values from Table E1.1 are: Ri = 0.68 ("still" air) R1 = 0.18 R2 = 2" X 4.00 = 8.00 R3 = 3/4 X 1.25 = 0.94

    Ro = 0.17 (15 MPH wind, winter conditions) The U-values then is: U= = = 1 Ri + R1 + R2 + R3 + Roo 1 0.68 + 0.18 + 8.00 + 0.94 + 0.17 1 = 0.10 BTU 9.97 hr. - sq. ft. - oF
    Section Break (Next Page)

    Table E1.2 gives several typical wall, ceiling, floor, and roof sections and the corresponding U-values, overall R-values, and other data tabulated like the proceeding example and explanation.

    Calculating Heat Loss or Gain


    The U-value is used to determine the heat loss or gain through a wall, etc., by the following relationship. Q = (U) (A) (T) where: Q = U= A= T= the heat flow through the walls, etc., in BTU per hour. the U-value in BTU per (hour) (square feet) (oF). the area of the wall, etc., in square feet. Difference in outside and inside temperatures in oF.

    In the previous example the heat loss for 100 square feet of wall with a 70oF temperature difference would be: Q = (.10) (100) (70) = 700 BTU/ HR For any room or building, the heat loss for each portion -- walls, ceiling, windows, doors, floors, etc., must be calculated and added for the total. When calculating the heat flow through a floor slab resting on the ground, there will not be an air boundary-layer resistance underneath (Ro = 0) and the temperature (to) will be the ground temperature (not the outside air temperature). The " deep-well" or deep-soil temperature in Alabama averages about 60oF the year around. This temperature can be used for all of the floor slab area except the outer three feet, unless perimeter insulation is used. For the outer three feet of an uninsulated slab, the outside air temperature should be used as the heat loss is to the outside foundation wall. If the sun shines on a wall or roof of a building and heats the surface much hotter than the air (as typical in the summer), the heat flow through the wall or roof would be greatly influenced by the hot surface temperature; hence, use a surface temperature rather than air to obtain a more realistic heat flow rate. Direct radiation through large glass sections is an important heat gain in summer and must be considered by procedures other than described here.

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