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Nature Reviews Immunology 5, 243251 1 !arch 2""5# $ do%&1".1"3'(nr%15)1

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&olk 'isdom has long suggested that stressful events take a toll on health. The field of psychoneuroimmunology (P()) is no' providing key mechanistic evidence a out the 'ays in 'hich stressors * and the negative emotions that they generate * can e

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Med Educ. 1999 Apr;33(4):243-50.

A prospective analysis of stress and academic performance in the first two years of medical school.
Stewart SM, Lam TH, Betson CL, Wong CM, Wong AM.

Department of Community Medicine and Personal Development and Counselling Centre, The University of Hong Kong.

AIM: This study provides prospective, longitudinal data on the relationship between stress-related measures and academic performance during the first two years of medical school. METHODS: First year medical students (n = 121) were surveyed prior to beginning classes (wave 1), and again 8 months later (wave 2). Personality variables predisposing to distress (optimism and trait anxiety), stress response (depression and state anxiety), and stress management strategies were assessed at wave 1 and wave 2. Pre-medical academic scores, and grades at the end of five assessment periods over the course of the first 2 years of medical school were also obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: As expected, premedical-school academic performance strongly predicted performance in medical school. Academic performance before and during medical school was negatively related to reported stress levels. On bivariate correlations, there were numerous significant relationships between stress reported at waves 1 and 2, and medical school academic performance assessed after these measures. In addition there were modest negative correlations between self-reported coping strategies of 'humour' and 'wishful thinking', and consequent academic performance. However, the predictive value of stress and its management on

prospective academic performance was much decreased once pre-medical-school performance was statistically controlled.

PMID: 10336754 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Oct 23 2008

Stress and Academic Performance


Published by mradcliff at 12:16 pm under ealth !e"s #dit This $tress in una%oidable& no matter "ho you are' #%eryone e(periences stress in different "ays at different times in their life' $ometimes stress can be a good "ay to )eep you on your toes by gi%ing you a good challenge' o"e%er& it can also be harmful' #(cessi%e stress can ha%e se%ere effects on your health and can agitate current problems including* heart disease& hypertension& stro)e& depression& and sleep disorders' +esearchers ha%e e%en found a connection bet"een stress and academic performance' ,n a groundbrea)ing study& researchers from the -ni%ersity of .innesota/s 0oyton ealth $er%ice e(amined 1&131 students from 12 different 2 year and 2 years schools' They matched grade point a%erages "ith health problems such as* stress& smo)ing& drin)ing& and lifestyle choices li)e e(cessi%e screen time and gambling' They concluded that students that e(hibited unhealthy beha%iors had significantly lo"er grades than other students' $tress "as one of the largest contributing factors' Out of the 61'13 of students "ho said they "ere stressed& 32'13 stated that stress "as affecting their academic performance' $tudents "ho reported 8 or more emotional stressors li)e credit card debt& failing a class& or parental issues had an a%erage 4P5 of 2'62' The students "ho reported little or no significant stress had an a%erage 4P5 of 3'3' 78hile this may seem li)e a small difference in 4P5& "hen you are loo)ing at o%er 1&000 students the impact of this difference is huge&9 said :r' #d #hlinger& director of 0oynton ealth $er%ices' The study also found that the ability to handle stress "as just as important' $tudents "ho reported that they are able to handle their stress "ell& performed better than those "ho could not manage their stress' This information is important because it can sho" colleges the need to supply students "ith the tools needed to learn to manage stress' 203 of students stated that their difficulty sleeping affected their grades' Those "ho reported sleep disturbances had an a%erage 4P5 of 3'08 in contrast "ith 3'26 for those "ho "ere able to get sufficient sleep' 7The more days a student gets ade;uate sleep& the better 4P5/s they attain&9 :r' #hlinger said' 7There is a direct lin) bet"een the t"o'9 ,n addition the study illustrated that e(cessi%e T< and computer use =not related to school> also significantly affected grades' $tudents "ho a%oided "atching T< during the day carried an a%erage 4P5 of 3'36& students "ho %ie"ed 2 hours of T< per day dropped to 3'21& and those "ith 2 or more hours of T< time perday held an a%erage 4P5 of 3'02 or less' 5lso students "ho played less than an hour of %ideo games per day held an a%erage 4P5 of 3'31 and those "ho played for more than ? hours a day carried a 4P5 of 2'18' The same pattern "as seen "ith binge drin)ing& drugs and smo)ing' $tudents "ho reported issues "ith alcohol had an a%erage 4P5 of 2'12& compared "ith 3'28 for students "ho did not' The drug use gap "as 2'12 %ersus 3'2?' 5nd students "ho reported smo)ing "ithin the past 30 days had an a%erage 4P5 of 3'12 compared "ith 3'28 for those "ho reported not smo)ing' 7#%en students "ho smo)ed once or t"ice

in a month had lo"er 4P5/s than those "ho didn/t smo)e&9 said :r' #hlinger' 7-sing tobacco to calm do"n or @to be social/ is lo"ing students/ grades'9

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