Mufon UFO Journal

Mufon UFO Journal
Official Publication of the Mutual UFO Network Since 1967

Number 291
July 1992
$3.00
THE GULF BREEZE P

Bona Fide or Bogus?
By William G. Hyzer
Mufon UFO Journal
July 1992 Number 291
CONTENTS
THE GULF BREEZE PHOTOGRAPHS William G. Hyzer 3
DREAMLAND & THE CIA Andrew D. Basiago 10
THE UFO PRESS Reviews by J.R. Johnson & David Ritchey 13
LOOKING BACK Bob Gribble 19
CURRENT CASE LOG George Coyne 19
LETTERS 20
THE AUGUST NIGHT SKY Walter N. Webb 22
DIRECTOR'S MESSAGE Walt Andrus 24
COVER Gulf Breeze Photo No. 18 by Ed Walters
EDITOR Copyright 1992 by the Mutual UFO Network.

Dennis W. Stacy All Rights Reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the written permission
ASSOCIATE EDITOR of the Copyright Owners. Permission is hereby granted to quote up to 200 words of any
one article, provided the author is credited, and the statement, "Copyright 1992 by the Mutual
Walter H. Andrus, Jr. UFO Network, 103 Oldtowne Rd., Seguin, Texas 78155," is included.
COLUMNISTS The contents of the MUFON UFO Journal are determined by the editors and do not necessarily
reflect the official position of the Mutual UFO Network.
Walter N. Webb
Robert Gribble The Mutual UFO Network, Inc. is exempt from Federal Income Tax under Section 501
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MUFON UFO JOURNAL
(USPS 002-970)
(ISSN 0270-6822)
The MUFON UFO JOURNAL is published monthly by the Mutual UFO
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INTRODUCTION
THE GULF BREEZE f Webster's definition of an unnatural phenomenon is
PHOTOGRAPHS
BONA FIDE OR BOGUS?
I accepted as "a fact or event of special or unique
significance" that is "inconsistent with what is natural
or expected; going beyond what is normal," unidentified flying
objects, more popularly known as UFOs, certainly fall within
By William G. Hyzer this general definition. Photographs containing images that
appear to be UFOs are subject to skepticism because 1) the
UFO represents a phenomenon that cannot be fully explained
by modern-day science and 2) photographs are known to be
An earlier preliminary report dated July 8, 1991 was easily falsified. The old adage "the camera never lies" is no
distributed to a limited number of people in the UFO- longer accepted as a truism; especially to the UFO skeptic,
investigation community to obtain their comments, both pro who is quick to point to any anomaly in a photograph as
and con, as a means of guiding us in our continuing investiga- "proof of fakery. The true believer on the other hand, is
tion into the authenticity of the Walters' photographs. This willing to accept the anomaly as an indigenous artifact of the
second edition is a revised version of that earlier report and UFO experience by reasoning that anything is possible when
includes new information acquired since July 8, 1991. dealing with an unnatural phenomena like UFOs, especially
when they are thought to be under the control of super-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS intelligent beings.
The analyses reported here were performed on enlarged
The author is especially indebted to Dr. James B. Hyzer for color photographic reproductions of the original Polaroid
his expert scientific advice and assistance in conducting this prints supplied by Mr. Walter Andrus, Jr. and on photographs
investigation, especially in the area of computerized image reproduced in Gulf Breeze Sightings [1]. The original Polaroid
analysis. Also, the cooperation of Mr. Walter Andrus, Jr. in prints, reportedly exposed by Edward and Frances Walters
providing the photographs and related background informa- in Gulf Breeze, Florida between November 11, 1987 and May
tion essential to this study is sincerely appreciated. Finally, 1, 1988, were not made available for our analysis. All of the
Mr. Rex Salisberry's persistent encouragement to continue photographs contain images of objects of unknown origin
this project to completion and his continued cooperation in reported by the Walters to be unidentified flying objects
helping us meet this goal is gratefully acknowledged. (UFOs) in the various scenes at the times the photographs
were exposed.
© 1992 William G. Hyzer
OBJECTIVES
(Rights to duplicate this document in any form is permitted only
upon receiving written permission from the copyright holder.) The objectives of this study are to describe the conditions
under which these images could have been obtained and ex-
plain the phenomena depicted, 1) based on detailed scien-
Mr. Hyzer is a consultant in engineering and applied science, special- tific examination of the photographs and 2) ruled by the limita-
izing in optical instrumentation, photogranunetry, and forensic and tions imposed by the assumptions listed below.
illumination engineering. He is widely regarded as one of this coun-
try's foremost photoanalytic experts, having served as a consultant for ASSUMPTIONS
the Polaroid Corporation, Honeywell, and National Geographic, among
many others. He has contributed a regular column to Photomethods
magazine since 1955, and now has more than 500 published patents, The analyses of the above photographs were performed on
books and papers to his credit. Hyzer is a Fellow of the Society of the basis of the following assumptions:
Motion Picture and Television Engineers, SPIE, the International Socie-
ty for Optical Engineering, and the American Academy of Forensic 1) The original photographs numbered 1 to 24 were recorded
Sciences. on Polacolor Instant Pack Film. The model number of the
The accompanying study was originally commissioned by MUFON and Polaroid camera used to expose these photographs is unknown
conducted entirely at Mr. Hyzer's own expense. See also his lech Talk (the Model 108 Polaroid camera specified by Edward and
column, "From MIAs to UFOs," in the October 1991 issue of Frances Walters as the camera used to record these images
Photomethods magazine, pp. 10 -13. [2] is unknown to the Polaroid Corporation [3]).
2) The original photographs numbered 25 to 34 were recorded

in a Nimslo camera.
MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

3) The original photographs numbered 35 and higher were
SX-70 Polaroid photographs reportedly recorded in Sun 600 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
cameras with automatic flash.
1. Stripe marks. Vertical stripe marks extending through the
4) The color enlargements supplied by Mr. Walter Andrus, UFO-like objects .are apparent in photographs numbered 5,
Jr. for analysis were reported in writing by him to be faithful 13, 19 and 21. These could easily be misconstrued as lines
reproductions of original and "light blasted" [4] Polaroid of support for UFO models. Although we cannot totally dis-
prints within the practical limits of his equipment and exper- count this theory, our analyses of the images supplied to us
tise as a non-professional photographer in producing them. suggest that these lines are simply anomalies of film develop-;
He further indicated that the original Polaroids were il- ment by the Polaroid diffusion-reversal-transfer (DRT) pro-
luminated by overcast skylight and copied on Kodacolor Gold cess, which most often occur in old Polaroid cameras having
200 film using a Canon AE-1 camera and a Canon FD 50 roller systems that are either encrusted with dried developer
mm 1:1.8 lens fitted with a Vivitar close-up lens attachment. gel or out of adjustment.
The camera was mounted on a tripod and actuated with a cable
release to avoid camera vibration. Reflections from the sur- 2. The blue beam. Two scientific explanations apply to the
faces of the original Polaroid prints are evident at the extreme blue beam recorded in photograph number 11. The beam is
edges of some of the reproduced copies because the original visible in the photograph because i) the atmosphere enveloped
prints were not perfectly flat at the edges during the copying by the beam is rendered luminous (ionization of air molecules,
operation [5]. for example) by an energy source of unknown type and origin,
or ii) particles in the air are scattering light from a projected
5) Selected physical measurements recorded and reported by beam of light apparently originating from the back side of
Dr. Bruce Maccabee are assumed to be valid data. the UFO-like object. The first explanation is supported by
the following observations: i) the ground beneath the beam
With the exception of the above assumptions and limitations, does not appear to be illuminated as it would be by an in-
all information reported by the Walters and other investigators tense beam of light (unless trees, bushes or other objects in
have been ignored in performing these analyses. Our con- the foreground obscure the lower portion of the beam) and
clusions are based entirely on the analyses of the physical ii) the blue coloration is characteristic of the discharge-tube
evidence depicted in the photographs under the assumed con- spectrum of nitrogen, the primary constituent of air. The per-
ditions expressed above. sistent spectral lines for nitrogen are predominantly in the
blue and yellow-green regions of the spectrum ranging from
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 4097 to 4110 and 5676 to 5680 Angstroms. The second ex-
planation is suggestive of trick photography3 in which a
Numbering system. The following photographs supplied by beam of light is made visible by introducing particles (blow-
Mr. Andrus were analyzed using the same numbering system ing smoke for example) into the beam. Unfortunately, neither
employed by the Walters in their book The Gulf Breeze of these explanations can be either proved or disproved on
Sightings [1]: Numbers 1, 2, 5, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, the basis of the images made available to us for analysis.
21, 22, 36L, 36R, 37L, 37R, 38L and 38R. Photograph
numbers 16 and 17 supplied by Mr. Andrus are numbered 3. Object luminances. The images representing UFOs (in-
17 and 16 respectively in The Gulf Breeze Sightings [1]. cluding the dark rectangular areas in the Walters' UFO draw-
ings [7]) in all photographs analyzed are either slightly lighter
Analytical techniques. Enlarged photographs numbered 1-24 or no darker than their proximate scenic backgrounds, in-
were critically evaluated through microscopic, densitometric dicating that the objects are either i) self luminous, ii) inter-
and colorimetric analyses. Observations and measurements nally illuminated or iii) externally illuminated from the general
were made from the 8x10 photographic prints supplied by Mr. direction of the camera position to luminance levels equal
Walter Andrus, from an enlarged or digitized image taken to or slightly greater than their proximate backgrounds, or
from each of those prints and from illustrations reproduced iv) misrepresented through image manipulation3.
in The Gulf Breeze Sightings [1]. The enlarged photographs These conclusions were drawn from the computer-generated
reportedly made with a Nimslo camera were of little value data derived from the photographs by Dr. James B. Hyzer.
to us in the 8x10 print form made available to us for evalua- The images of the UFO-like objects were digitized to a spatial
tion. The stereo photographs reportedly made with a pair of resolution of 640 (H) by 480 (V) pixels with 256 grey levels
Sun 600 self-referencing stereo (SRS) cameras were of no per pixel. Linear scans of image density were recorded across
photogrammetric value to us under the above guidelines the images of the UFO-like objects to show the density pro-
because 1) the simultaneity of the two exposures and 2) the files of the proximate background of the object (usually the
distance between the two cameras reported by the Walters [6] surrounding sky) and the object itself including the so-called
could not be verified through direct analyses of the "portholes" or other black areas in the object. A typical den-
photographic images. sity profile is shown in Figure 1, which was derived from

photograph number 5. A slight spatial variation in apparent 250
sky brightness resulting in a negative density gradient is evi-
dent in this plot. The three "portholes" that are visible in
the image are shown to be brighter than the object's prox-
imate background (the sky, in this case) and become suc-
cessively darker with nearly the same density gradient as that
of the background sky.
The "portholes" in photograph numbers 1, 2, 5, 9, 11, 13, PORTHOLES
19, 21 and 22 were all scanned as described above and in no
125
case was the image density at any "porthole" found to be SKY
darker than the object's proximate background.
4. Chameleon-like characteristics. The images representing

UFOs in all photographs analyzed are of the same colora-
tions as their proximate scenic backgrounds, indicating that
the objects are either i) semi-transparent, ii) color variable
or iii) misrepresented through image manipulation. Objects
30O 600
appearing against a twilight sky (namely numbers 1-9, 11 and
18) are particularly interesting because their images have
PIXEL NO.
assumed the same colorations as the surrounding blue sky.
The three images recorded in photograph number 18 serve Figure 1: Computer-generated image-density profile across the UFO-
to illustrate this phenomenon when one compares the lower like object depicted in photograph number 5. Note: this scan is a
left (LL) object to the lower right (LR) and upper left (UL) mirror-image of the photograph, in which the right side of the diagram
corresponds to the left side of the photograph. Image brightness in-
objects. The line of sight between the camera and the lower creases from black at the bottom of the chart to white at the top.
portion of object LL intersects a blue-colored region of the
sky in the twilight zone. Camera lines of sight through ob-
jects LR, UL and the upper portion of LL all intersect black in producing these images. This is not necessarily the case,
regions of the sky. The characteristic blue color of the twilight as pointed out in the next section.
sky is clearly evident between the so-called "power ring" and
the central body of the LL object. The same areas within ob- 6. Multiple-exposure techniques. For the benefit of those
jects LR and UR also closely match the color of the surround- readers who are unwilling to accept the UFOs' chameleon-
ing sky, but in these images the color is dark gray. The cen- like abilities as scientifically feasible, image manipulation of-
tral bodies of all three objects match the gray coloration of fers an alternative explanation. There are several ways this
the surrounding sky. There is blue sky in photograph number kind of trick photography could have been accomplished in
19, but in this case the object, which appears dark gray in producing photograph numbers 1 and 7, but the simplest, most
the photograph, is not imaged against the sky, but against trees direct approach is by sequential multiple exposure on the same
having the same coloration as the object. The only sheet of peel-apart Polacolor film in which i) a model of a
photographs in which the UFO-like objects are blue are those UFO posed against a black background is exposed to a light
in which blue sky appears directly behind the objects. This level just below the exposure threshold-response level of the
chameleon-like characteristic of the UFO-like objects is evi- diffusion-reversal-transfer (DRT) process employed in these
dent in all of the photographs analyzed. films and ii) the horizon scene is exposed normally or
somewhat underexposed. The image of the model UFO in
5. Partial obscuration. Photograph numbers 1 and 7 are uni- the Polaroid print will not be visible to the eye nor detect-
que among those analyzed because the UFO-like objects ap- able by photometric instruments against anything black in the
pear to be partially obscured by tree branches in the scene because the combined exposures of the model and the
foreground. If a chameleon-like ability is accepted as a valid black background are still below the exposure threshold-
explanation of the phenomenon observed in photograph response level of the DRT process that produces a positive
number 18, it is also reasonable to assume that the objects color print from the exposed negative. Essentially, no image
may not have been behind trees at all, but in front of them. of the model is transferred to the print from the negative at
The objects' ability to alter their patterns of luminance and exposures below the exposure threshold-response level of the
coloration to match their backgrounds along the unique lines DRT process. Owing to the non-linear exposure-response
of sight of the camera would permit them to create the illu- characteristic of the DRT process however, the model UFO
sion that they are farther away and larger in size than they will become visible when the combined exposures of the
actually area. The partial obscuration of the UFO-like ob- model and the sky behind it exceed the process's exposure
jects depicted in these photographs could be misinterpreted threshold-response level. Exposure of the model added to the
as proof that multiple-exposure techniques were not employed exposure of the sky will produce a visible image of the model

against the sky background. Image visibility is increased A blurred UFO image might be caused either by object mo-
significantly by extending the processing time of Polacolor tion, camera movement or a combination of both. It is possi-
film to 15 minutes or so before peeling the positive print from ble, as in photograph number 9, to obtain a sharply defined
the negative. This results in a near doubling of the contrast object against a blurred background. This anomaly results
between the model and its proximate background without any i) when the camera is moved in the same direction and angular
significant change in the exposure threshold-response level rate as the object is moving or ii) in executing a double ex-
(see appendix A). With extended processing, the blacks are posure in which the camera is fixed in position while
blacker and the sky appears bluer. Under optimal conditions, photographing a stationary UFO model, but is moved while
a 20% contrast between the model and its sky background exposing the scenic background.
is obtainable with extended processing, which is 10 times the Another example of a blurred image is photograph number
eye's threshold contrast sensitivity level of about 2% and is 21, except in this case the image of the UFO-like object is
representative of the contrast evident in photograph numbers smeared vertically in the photograph as a result of either ob-
1 and 7. Optimum exposures in the film plane for multiple- ject motion, camera movement or a combination of both. The
exposed images of a model and its sky background range from foreground image of a car rack is exposed by the camera's
approximately 0.002 to 0.004 mcs for the model and 0.012 flash and is relatively sharp. The effective exposure time for
to 0.05 mcs for the sky on Polacolor Instant Pack Filmb. All this foreground object illuminated soley by flash is no longer
of the techniques described above have been demonstrated than the flash duration, or approximately 1/50 second. The
in practice. Since they are based upon the use of Polaroid effective exposure time for the self-luminous UFO-like ob-
Land instant film, optimum results can be quickly and easi- ject in the background is determined by the camera shutter
ly obtained on the spot through simple trial-and-error varia- speed, which could range from a fraction of a second to a
tions in exposure by rank photographic amateurs. Knowledge second or more in duration. The above conditions apply to
of photography is by no means a prerequisite for success in images recorded simultaneously, as in the case of a real UFO,
this kind of photographic fakery. A more detailed account or sequentially, in which case the image was faked by multiple-
accompanied with exemplary photographs is the subject of exposure photography. Image analysis is incapable of solv-
another article by the author [8]. ing the ambiguities associated with images of this type from
either the half-tone images reproduced in The Gulf Breeze
similar multiple-exposure technique is applicable to Sightings [1] or the limited selection of photographic copies
A all of the photographic images analyzed for this report,

including those recorded on other films, except that
made available to us for our evaluation.
the exposures used in photographing models that are not par- 8. Abnormal road reflections. Estimates vary as to the size
tially obscured by foreground objects are far less critical than and location of the UFO-like object in photograph number
those employed in photograph numbers 1 and 7. The exposures 19. Based upon a camera-to-object distance of 185 feet, with
in these other cases would normally be greater than the ex- the object directly over the pattern of light in the roadway
posure threshold-response level of the film. In all instances surface, Maccabee in 1988 [9] reported its size to be approx-
in which this multiple-exposure method is used, all portions imately 13 feet in diameter at its widest point and 9 feet high
of the models will either appear brighter or no darker than from the bottom of the power ring to the so-called "dome
their proximate scenic backgrounds and background colora- light." The top of the object is tilted between 10° and 12° away
tions will be evident in the images of the models — two con- from the camera, so that the maximum vertical height of the
ditions that do prevail in all of the photographs analyzed for band of light emitted from the power ring is approximately
this report. It is also interesting to note that any spatial varia- 4- !/2 feet above the ground.
tion in intensity of the background will also be evident across The abnormally "fat" shape of the pattern of light on the
the darker areas of the object — a condition that was found roadway surface lead some analysts to question the validity
to exist in photograph number 5 and quantified in Figure 1. of photograph number 19. Consequently, Maccabee in 1990
[10] revised his earlier determinations of object location and
7. Image blur. Image-edge analysis was precluded as a viable size. He recalculated the camera-to-object distance to be 370
means of verifying the authenticity of the Walters' photographs feet, which is twice his earlier determination of 185 feet. At
provided to us for analysis. Ambiguities result from the con- two times the distance, the size of the UFO-like object would
dition that both the UFO-like objects (real or unreal) and the also be larger by a factor of two. In this latter case, the top
camera are independently subject to motion during exposure. of the power ring would be 5 feet above ground level and the
Photograph numbers 1-9 for example, show varying degrees pattern of light on the road surface would extend over an area
and directions of blur in the images of the UFO-like objects ranging from 64 feet to 127 feet in front of the object.
and their scenic backgrounds. Unfortunately, we were not The above change in object size and location was an at-
given photograph numbers 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10 for analysis. tempt to explain away the abnormally "fat" shape of the reflec-
Some of these reportedly show blurred backgrounds with tion pattern on the roadway, but it failed to account for the
relatively sharp images of the UFO-like objects. A blurred absence of diffuse reflected light from the pavement directly
stationary background is indicative of camera movement. underneath and only two feet away from the highly luminous

power ring. Our photometric analysis did not reveal any distances down to 22 feet when the source was held at ground
significant variation in roadway luminances in areas beneath level. At less than about a 22-foot distance, the source and
and surrounding the UFO-like object. There should be a pat- its reflection appeared to merge into a single spot of light.
tern of increased pavement luminance directly beneath the The reflected image of the light source was visible at closer
power ring, but there wasn't. distances when the source was raised above ground level and
approached zero distance in front of the truck at hood level.
9. Missing hood reflections. The absence of the reflected im- The truck's hood was clean in the first series of tests; then
age of the UFCMike object in the hood of Walters' model 150 the experiments were repeated with a dust-covered hood.
XLT Ford truck in photograph number 19 was reported to Reflected images of the light sources were clearly visible under
have been first observed by Mr. Ray Stanford, who also was all of the above conditions. A typical photograph documenting
reported to have noted that the reflected image of the tree line, this series of experiments is shown in Figure 2.
which appears behind the object, is clearly visible in Light-reflection experiments reportedly performed on the
photograph number 19 and in the daytime photograph recorded actual truck that appears in photograph number 19 were
at the same location as photograph 19, which we will refer described by Bruce Maccabee, who writes: "By holding a
to in this report as number 19A. There are three color plates flashlight at various heights above the road and about 200
of photograph number 19, which appear with photograph feet away it was determined that no reflection appeared until
number 19A on the page proceeding page 129 in The Gulf the light was seven or more feet above the road" [11]V He
Breeze Sightings [1]. subsequently reduced that seven-foot distance to six feet [12].
There are three sources of light produced by the UFO-like The above author further points out in the same article [11]
object: 1) the crescent-shaped illuminated dome and dome that the front of the hood was bent by a collision, so there
light at the top of the object, 2) the light from the power ring was a minimum height above ground level from where a light
on the underside of the object and 3) the light reflected from source would have been seen as a reflection in the truck's
the surface of the roadway. A photometric analysis of hoodd. We conclude from Maccabee's statements that reflec-
photograph number 19 has shown that the crescent-shaped tions would be visible in photograph number 19 from light
luminance pattern directly beneath the dome light on the top sources that were six feet or more above ground level at 200
surface of the UFO-like object is less luminous than the dome feet away.
light and slightly brighter than the overcast sky above the tree Based strictly upon the above reflected-light experiments
line. None of these light sources are visible as reflections in conducted on Walters' truck and the range of Maccabee's
the hood of the truck in photograph number 19, although all estimates of object sizes and locations, neither the light pat-
of them are brighter than the overcast sky in the background, tern on the roadway surface nor the power ring would be visi-
which is visible as a reflection. ble as hood reflections at the 185-foot camera-to-object
The mirror-like surface of the truck's hood is apparent in distance, because the vertical distance to the top of the power
photograph numbers 19 and 19A by comparing features along ring would fall l-Vi feet short of the six-foot minimum height
the skyline with their reflected images. These reflected im- required for a reflection to be seen. If the camera-to-object
ages are inverted, with foreground features closer to the front distance is 370 feet, the power-ring elevation would be one
of the hood than background features. The truck is not oriented foot short of the six-foot minimum. Considering the 2:1 range
quite the same in the above two photographs, as indicated of estimates of the object location and size, these 1 to l-'/a
by the crease line that runs down the center of the hood. The foot differentials probably fall within the limits of error in
truck is in the proper orientation in photograph number 19 measuring the height of the object above ground, in which
to produce visible reflections from the position occupied by case the top of the power ring could exceed the six-foot limit.
the UFO-like object depicted in that photograph. In fact, one way to explain the absence of increased ground
luminance beneath the power ring at the 370-foot distance,
series of experiments were performed in cooperation is to assume that the UFO-like object is more than two feet
A with Mr. Rex Salisberry in an attempt to duplicate

the conditions that appear to exist in photograph
number 19; namely to place a source of light in front of a
above the pavement. In any event, the crescent-shaped il-
luminated dome and dome light on the UFO-like object are
sufficiently high to produce visible reflections at both camera-
Ford 150 XLT truck in such a position that its reflection in to-object distances of 185 feet and 370 feet.
the truck's hood can not be seen nor photographed through Both the empirical findings resulting from the above tests
the windshield. Distances between the light source and the and the visible tree reflections in the image were found to
front of the truck were varied from 500 down to 20 feet. The be very useful in locating the area in photograph number 19
light source was moved laterally from 30 feet left to 30 feet where the reflections should appear in the hood of the truck.
right of centerline and vertically from ground level up to 10 In searching this and surrounding areas in the photograph for
feet above ground in attempting to find a light-source posi- a reflected-light pattern that is representative of the crescent-
tion where its reflection could not be seen through the truck's shaped illuminated dome and dome light, consideration was
windshield from any location on the driver's side of the cab. given to the possibility that part of that reflected image might
Light-source reflections were visible for all light-source be obscured by one of the circular white "air bells" in

Figure 2: A typical photograph showing reflections in the hood of a Ford 150 XLT truck. The light source at ground-level is
22 feet 4 inches in front of the truck. The automobile headlamps are 29 feet 10 inches away and 25 inches above ground level.
photograph number 19. There was no evidence to support reflections in the hood of the truck and the abnormal road
this theory. No reflected images associated with the UFO- luminance in photograph number 19 provide the answers to
like object were detected in the truck's hood in photograph the question of its authenticity. It is this author's professional
number 19. opinion that there is only one logical explanation for all of
It is this author's professional opinion that the results of the optical anomalies described in this report: photograph
this study are conclusive: if the UFO-like object in photograph number 19 is a fakea produced by multiple-exposure
number 19 had been real, reflections of luminous sources photography.
associated with the object, and most certainly the crescent-
shaped illuminated dome and dome light at the top of the ob- FOOTNOTES
ject, would have to be visible in the truck's hood; but they
are not. a. The terms image manipulation, trick photography and
photographic fakery refer to techniques of producing a
CONCLUDING REMARKS photographic image which is altered in such a way as to
misrepresent the object or scene recorded by the camera.
The Walters' photographs of the Gulf Breeze sightings ana- Photographic misrepresentation can be accomplished in a
lyzed for this report: are they bona fide or bogus? What variety of ways: through the use of mirrors, rear-projection
unknown forces propel these wingless craft and support them methods, multiple-exposure techniques, digital image process-
as they hover overhead? How do they achieve their amazing ing, manual image retouching, paste ups, etc. A fake
chameleon-like abilities to change in brightness and color and photograph is one that has been reproduced by one of these
blend with the background? And the luminous blue beam that methods.
appears to terminate in mid air: what is it? Before we com-
pleted our analysis of photograph number 19 we were at a b. An example of a 0.05 meter-candle-second (mcs) camera
loss to answer these questions on scientific grounds, except exposure is a twilight sky having a luminance of about 4 milli-
to say that the images which depict all of these strange and lamberts exposed at a lens setting of f/9.2 for 1/2 second.
unnatural phenomena are uniquely characteristic of multiple-
exposure photography and could have been easily produced c. Light emitted by the UFO-like object's so-called "power
by the simple application of this technique. The missing ring" and the adjacent light pattern referred to as a "road

reflection" combine to form a bright and rather large source [7] Edward and Frances Walters, The Gulf Breeze Sightings,
approximately 3-!/2° by 2° in size when viewed from the William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1990,
camera position. The angle subtended at the camera's lens illustration opposite page 64.
between this source and a point on the truck's hood where
its reflection should appear is approximately 10-Vi0. By com- [8] W. G. Hyzer, "From MIAs to UFOs", PHOTO-
parison, a flashlight 200 feet away is essentially a point source METHODS, 34, 10, October 1991, pp 10-13.
having a subtended angle of only 1/10° or so in size. The
visibilities of reflected images from the camera position im- [9] Edward and Frances Walters, The Gulf Breeze Sightings,
prove as both brightnesses and angular sizes of the sources William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1990,
are increased. The angles subtended between the sky line and page 273.
its reflected image in the truck's hood range from about 18°
[10] Bruce Maccabee, "Analysis of the Road Shot Reflection,"
to 20° at the position of the camera.
October 1990.
d. The hood of the truck is a compound convex reflecting [11] Bruce Maccabee, "The Scale Remains Unbalanced",
surface that will reflect light from a source to the lens of the MUFON UFO Journal, No. 252, April 1989, p. 12.
camera under the condition that a line extending from the
camera lens to the source falls above a line extending from [12] Bruce Maccabee, private communication, February 26,
the camera lens to a point of tangency on the hood surface. 1992.
When this condition is met, there is a unique position on the
convex surface that fulfills the optical requirement that the
angle of reflection to the camera lens relative to a line drawn
tangent to the reflecting surface at the point of reflection must Calendar of
equal the angle of incidence relative to the same tangent line.
Reflected images are visible in convex surfaces ranging from UFO Conferences
extremely small to large radii of curvature. The left and right for 1992
sides of an undamaged hood are exemplary of compound con-
vex surfaces of large radii. The convex edges of creases or August 15 & 16 — International UFO Conference -
bends in the hood or the peripheral surface of a windshield- Central Library Theater, Sheffield, South Yorkshire,
wiper arm are exemplary of convex surfaces of small radii. England. (See Director's Message for details.)
Our tests conducted under conditions that simulated a truck Sponsored by: Independent UFO Network
hood bent and dented into various shapes indicate that re- September 13 — New Hampshire UFO Conference •
flections are visible from both sharply bent and gradually Yokens Convention Center, Portsmouth, New
curved edges for a light source 3- !/2° by 2° in size mounted Hampshire. (For information call 603-673-3829 or
at proximate ground level or above and positioned 25 feet 603-436-9283)
or more away from the front of the vehicle. September 18-20 — Midwest Conference on UFO
Research - University Plaza Holiday Inn, Spring-
REFERENCES field, Missouri. (For information call 417-882-6847)
October 24 — Show-Me UFO Conference IV - Harley
[1] Edward and Frances Walters, The Gulf Breeze Sightings,
Hotel, 3400 Rider Trail South, Earth City, Missouri
William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1990. (Near St. Louis) 63045. (For information call Bruce
A. Widaman, 314-946-1394)
[2] ibid, pages 241 and 317.
October 24 & 25 — 29th National UFO Conference -
[3] Robert Alter, Polaroid Archivist, The Polaroid Corpora- Holiday Inn, 1302 Apalachee Parkway, Tallahassee,
tion, Cambridge, MA (private communication, May 24, 1991). Florida 32301. (For information call Ed Komarek,
912-377-7098 or Jim Moseley, 305-294-1873)
William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1990,
page 25.
San Antonio UFO Network
[5] Walter Andrus, Jr., International Director, Mutual UFO
Network, Inc. 103 Oldtowne Road, Seguin, TX 78155 (private SAUFON is a new computerized Bulletin Board
communication, April 30, 1991). System operated by Jim Foster. To log on, set your
software settings to 8-N-l and dial (512) 736-3553.
William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1990,
pages 222-243.

A good candidate for the role of "Deep Throat" of the
DREAMLAND AND THE CIA Cosmic Watergate is Marion Leo Williams — a voice UFO
researchers will not hear. Leo Williams died in 1989. But his
By Andrew D. Basiago untold story is a story that should be told, for it links
Dreamland to the CIA and provides additional evidence of
Was Lockheed consultant an agent of the a UFO study effort.
Cosmic Watergate? Williams first made his allegations about government con-
cealment of extraterrestrial visitations to Earth to a relative
in 1976. In 1981, years before similar claims were made by
or several years, controversial voices have sounded in such individuals as Stanton Friedman, William Moore, Jaime
F UFO circles, telling a terrifying story. The government,

these critics say, is perpetrating a cosmic Watergate.
Extraterrestrial humanoids are visiting our civilization. Some
Shandera, John Lear and William Cooper, figures on the
UFO-circuit, Williams' relative shared his secrets with this
reporter. Before succumbing to cancer in 1989, a cancer he
of these beings have crashed their spaceships on our planet. linked to the radioactive materials he handled during a long
These crashed saucers have been recovered by special military career with the CIA, Williams recounted his career as a
teams. The saucers — even their occupants — are being government operative, and later, as a Lockheed consultant
studied at a supersecret base in Nevada. At this base, scien- who visited the "Top Secret" UFO research Area 51.
tists are busily endeavoring to "reverse engineer" alien flight The allegations by Williams' relative about his career are
technology and plumb the complexity of alien anatomy. The worth reporting at some length:
base is called "Dreamland." Williams entered the clandestine service with the Office
Area 51 is where Dreamland is allegedly located. Area 51, of Strategic Services, the CIA's precursor, during World War
we know, is a real and not a fictional place. The northwestern II. Stationed in Burma, he participated in the operation that
corner of the vast Nevada Test Range near Nellis Air Force flooded the Japanese empire with counterfeit yen in order to
Base, Area 51 is encircled by the austere majesty of the Groom cause inflation and foil Japan's dreams of conquest. After
Mountains and unpopulated stretches of surrounding desert. graduating from the University of Kansas at Wichita in 1953
Area 51 is a perfect place for the military-industrial complex with degrees in engineering and history, Williams joined the
to tinker with Space Age toys. In fact, experimental aircraft CIA. Williams worked for the CIA on numerous "jumps"
have streaked across the skies of Area 51 for decades. In the for 30 years. As a CIA agent, Williams returned to Burma,
1950s, Area 51 was where the U-2 spy plane was tested. Here, where he organized Burmese tribesmen to recover downed
U-2 pilot Frances Gary Powers, who was shot down and cap- low-flying satellites completed reconnaissance missions over
tured in May 1960 while on a spy flight deep inside the USSR, China. In another assignment for the agency, he was a member
was trained. Area 51 was a testing ground for the spy plane, of a secret team that brought pieces of the Chinese atomic
the SR-71, which allowed the Central Intelligence Agency bomb out of the People's Republic of China. His assignments
[CIA] to detect Soviet nuclear missile installations in Cuba for the intelligence agency took Williams to China, Japan,
in 1962. In recent years, Area 51 was where the Stealth bomber Korea, Vietnam and Thailand.
was developed and perfected. Area 51 is secured terrain.
Displayed on aeronautical maps, it cannot be overflown by uring the late 1960s and 1970s, Williams returned to
civilian planes. Nor can it be trespassed by unauthorized in-
dividuals on the ground.
D the United States, where he was active in counter-
intelligence, primarily in securing United States defense in-
Charges by UFO proponents that the government is engaged telligence bases from being penetrated by KGB agents and
in an active program to direct downed extraterrestrial craft to their lackeys. This work afforded Williams a security clearance
Area 51 for research and development purposes are as impor- that allowed him access to numerous defense intelligence
tant as they are provocative. If Area 51 has been commissioned facilities around the world. Such bases can only be entered
as a UFO laboratory, then the government is engaged in a con- after the person seeking access places a thumb against a finger-
spiracy that denies the existence of UFOs while researching print identification system or an eye before the lens of a retinal
their very design. The allegations of a young engineer, Robert scanner. But even Williams was impressed by what he des-
Lazar, in 1989, that he witnessed flying saucers being test- cribed as the "top, top, top, top, top secret" UFO research
flown at Area 51, were compelling and believable. What the lab that he visited and that has since come to be known as
UFO community has lacked is a factual nexus linking Area Dreamland.
51 to the agencies that have, as revealed in government According to Williams' relative, a stable and successful pro-
documents declassified under the Freedom of Information Act fessional who is deemed highly credible by this writer,
[FOIA], shown keen interest in UFOs — the Federal Bureau Williams developed cataracts in the 1970s, and left the CIA
of Investigation, the CIA, the Defense Intelligence Agency,
the National Security Agency. Missing from the story of Area Mr. Basiago is a West Coast investigative reporter and lawyer, and
51 has been a "Deep Throat" from the intelligence community former Contributing Writer for the Cousteau Society's Calypso Log.
This is his first article for the Journal, but we hope it will not be his last.
whose story confirms the existence of Dreamland.

to go to work for the aerospace firm Lockheed. Williams sion systems, and was asked to read various briefing
was told that Lockheed was supplying equipment to a documents. Rather quickly, as the young physicist read the
supersecret laboratory in Nevada dedicated to exploiting documents and was introduced to the working of the lab, Lazar
the technologies of crashed UFOs and studying the bi- was astonished by the level of technological inquiry under-
ologies of their occupants. Williams' job for Lockheed was taken at Dreamland. According to Lazar, the propulsion
to acquire parts from foreign manufacturers to secure and systems he was assigned to study used as their power source
outfit the base. ^^^^^^^^ ^— anti-matter reactors. The propulsion system
Then one day Lazar was consisted
Williams recalled that he had been flown of a two-part mechanism that used
to the lab several times as part of his assign- gravity as a wave with "wave guides" almost
ment for Lockheed. He reported being permitted to look inside like microwaves. The craft at Dreamland,
transported to Dreamland in planes and buses one of the craft. If these Lazar claimed, were propelled by way of
with blacked-out windows so that he re- are being designed for gravity amplification. By tremendously
mained ignorant of the base's location. Much human pilots, he won- amplifying gravitational energy, they bend
of Dreamland was underground or recessed dered, why do they have time and space around them, so that when
into the surrounding desert terrain. The large- the gravity amplifier is switched off, the craft
such tiny seats?
ly underground elevators and security locks has moved a tremendous distance in space,
were built with so many advanced control ~"~~~^~" ^^^^""~^ but with virtually no passage of time.
systems that it was common knowledge among those who had The fuel source for this propulsion system, Lazar told
visited Dreamland that it formed the basis for the virus-control Knapp, was Element 115, which cannot be made on Earth,
fortress featured in the film The Andromeda Strain. Williams' but which the government he said has 500 pounds of. By bom-
relative claims that Williams sometimes called Dreamland barding Element 115, anti-matter is produced, which propels
"The Ranch," which parallels aspects of the MJ-12 literature. the saucers. A kilo of anti-matter would be the most power-
The theme of the ailing CIA agent's revelations to his ful fuel source ever to be held in human hands, for it represents
relative was that because he was dying and had no reason the energy equivalent of 46 10-megaton bombs. Lazar said
to fear retaliation for breaking his secrecy oath, he wanted that Element 115 could never be manufactured on Earth, where
his relative to know that the Earth is being visited by a non- it would have to be assembled by bombarding it one proton
human intelligent species, that American government re- at a time, which would take an infinite amount of time and
searchers are busy conducting genetic studies of intact alien energy to accomplish. Instead, Element 115 has to come from
corpses recovered from crashed alien spacecraft and that a place where superheavy elements have been produced
design principles deduced from the saucers have been uti- naturally — such as a binary star system, a supernova or some
lized in the Stealth bomber. other cosmic environment where there is an almost in-
Williams' story closely mirrors that of the young physicist estimable release of energy. The presence of Element 115 in
Lazar. In May 1989, Lazar agreed to be interviewed on a con- government stockplies, Lazar posited, points logically to the
fidential basis by reporter George Knapp of Las Vegas televi- conclusion that the government has either colluded with aliens
sion station KLAS. At that time, Lazar, interviewed in shadows to receive it, or has gathered it from downed alien craft.
so that his identity would not be revealed, reported that there
are nine flying saucers at Dreamland, all of extraterrestrial s days passed at Dreamland, Lazar was introduced to
origin. After his life was threatened by his supervisor at A the entire facility. He learned that the nine different disks
Dreamland, Lazar stepped forward to reveal his identity, and being studied occupy a series of nine connected hangars
in November 1989 he spoke at length with Knapp on camera, separated by huge bay doors. One saucer had apparently been
asserting that the publicity would protect him from retaliation. pierced by a projectile. In one demonstration, Lazar was per-
Lazar told Knapp that he was hired to work at Dreamland mitted to watch a disk rise some 30 feet from the ground.
by the United States Navy, following an interview at the high Initially, Lazar chose not to believe that he had been ad-
technology firm E.G.&G. According to Lazar, he was assigned mitted into the inner sanctum of a secret military base where
to work in a region of Area 51 described as "S-4" on govern- recovered alien spacecraft are being stored, studied and flight-
ment maps. Lazar would report for work at a meeting place tested. Rather, he chose to entertain the notion that the
near E.G.&G. and fly to Groom Lake. There, only a few in- Dreamland research team was just another group of advanced
dividuals would board a bus for the final journey to S-4. The government scientists exploiting "flying wing" technology
windows of the bus were blacked-out so that the passengers that emerged after World War II. Then, one day, Lazar told
could not learn the precise location of Dreamland. Knapp, he was permitted to look inside one of the craft. If
The exterior of Dreamland, Lazar said, has a slope of about these are being designed for human pilots, he wondered, why
30 degrees. The structure in which Dreamland is housed con- do they have such tiny seats? Soon, it clicked. The little fur-
sists of two hangar doors textured to look like sand to disguise niture had been fashioned for the diminutive bodies of
it from Soviet satellites passing overhead. nonhuman extraterrestrials. Dreamland was a place not of
On his first day at Dreamland, Lazar said, he was informed original research but a place where alien flight technology
that he would be conducting research into advanced propul- was reverse-engineered.

Note the similarity between Williams' story and that of "Operation Paperclip.") These explanations, of course, are,
Lazar. in turn, susceptible to the criticism that UFO sightings have
• Both Williams and Lazar reported having been employed for decades been a global phenomenon and that the fact that
in advanced military research — Williams as a CIA liaison some UFOs are of intelligent extraterrestrial origin is sug-
to Lockheed procuring vital defense parts from around the gested by a growing body of close encounter and abduction
world, Lazar as a research physicist for another defense con- evidence.
tractor, E.G.&G. In any case, Williams' story provides more tantalizing
• Both men reported having been transported to a base in evidence of a cosmic Watergate. A variety of individuals are
the Nevada Desert in vehicles with blacked-out windows. reporting that a reality of high strangeness has emerged on
• Both reported that the base was partially or substantially a secreted expanse of the Nevada desert. Dreamland may be
underground. a real and not a chimerical place. If it is — if the government
• Both reported a supersecret level of security at the base. has evidence proving the existence of life beyond this planet,
In addition, Lazar claimed that guards pointed guns at him such information must be disclosed in order that human
and threatened his life to make him comply with the secrecy knowledge of the nature of the universe be advanced. Why
regime. such a laboratory of cosmic inquiry has apparently remained
• Both reported having been told that recovered craft of only an imaginary Dreamland for humanity at large is a topic
extraterrestrial origin were located at the facility. to be pursued with diligence and vigor on behalf of the world
• Both reported that the base was dedicated to an ongoing community that would be enlightened by such information.
investigation to ascertain how the craft worked.
• Both reported that their expertise was needed by the UFO
study effort. Williams sourced parts from around the world
on behalf of the base, whereas Lazar studied the craft's pro-
pulsion systems.
• Williams claimed to have been told only that the craft
were at the facility, whereas Lazar claimed to have actually
seen the craft. It is logical, therefore, that Lazar, but not
Williams, would be intimidated at gunpoint, for he was al-
lowed to see the UFOs and work on the saucer investigation,
whereas Williams was only informed of the base's mission.
These similarities establish that the confessions of retired
CIA agent Williams substantially foretold Lazar's disputed
1989 allegations. What kind of base these men visited remains
open to speculation.
On the one hand, the base Williams and Lazar visited may
be dedicated to military research into recovered UFOs of ex-
traterrestrial origin. But that explanation is susceptible to
criticism. It is doubtful that the military would provocative-
ly down extraterrestrial craft with hostile fire, or even has
the technology to do so, given the wealth of data describing
UFOs as impervious to human weapon systems. Furthermore,
it is doubtful that, somehow, visitors from "out there" would
be capable of getting "here" across the vast reaches of space,
only to crash when they got here.
On the other hand, the base Williams and Lazar visited
may be dedicated to advanced military research of entirely
terrestrial origin. Perhaps their military supervisors convinced
them the craft were not of this world to achieve some secrecy
objective. Reasons an "extraterrestrial cover story" would have
been placed over a Pentagon research project into alternative
flight technologies might include a desire to keep such
technology out of the hand of other nations, tort liability
associated with flying experimental craft over populated areas
or the sensitive origins of such technology (e.g., perhaps the
UFOs were developed by some of the 1,500 Nazi scientists
the CIA secreted into this country after World War II in

that "would have created shock waves" and amazed the public
had they not been kept secret until the mid-1980s, suggesting
THE UFO PRESS a possible extraterrestrial origin of the "flying disks" if all
other possibilities are eliminated. Included among these is
the important intelligence collection memorandum from
CRASH AT CORONA: Generals Schulgen and Twining dated 28 October, 1947 that
The U.S. Military Retrieval and clearly lists several characteristics of the New Mexico crash
debris; things not evident from saucer sighting reports of the
Cover-Up of a UFO time; things that would be evident only from handling and
By Stanton T. Friedman and Don Berliner examining actual pieces of one that has landed or crashed.
The authors also report the intriguing but so far undocumented
Paragon House story out of Russia that Stalin conferred with his top scien-
90 Fifth Avenue tists about the flying saucer question following news of the
New York, NY 10011 New Mexico crash. It would be interesting to know if the
1-800-PARAGON files of the KGB contain anything beyond what their agents
gleaned from the press reports of the day. Perhaps copies are
Hardcover, 224 pages, $19.95
Available August 1992
for sale.
A more modern history follows, that of the slow, piecemeal
Reviewed by J.R. Johnson process of finding and interviewing first and second-hand
sources who knew something of the New Mexico crash event
or its aftermath, and putting the fragments together to form
ollowers of the flying saucer mystery have long awaited the still incomplete picture we have today. Friedman takes
F this book, the hoped-for "definitive" volume on the 1947

New Mexico crash event, from the physicist / re-
searcher / lecturer Stanton Friedman, who lays claim to
credit for finding and interviewing three key witnesses
(Marcel, Sleppy, Maltais) whose stories converged enough
to make him start believing that a crash could have actually
"rediscovering" in 1978 this, the best-documented and most- happened; a viewpoint decidedly unpopular among resear-
likely-to-be-true of the claimed Crash/Retrievals; and the chers since the fiasco of Frank Scully and his 1950 publica-
veteran aviation writer Don Berliner of the Fund for UFO tion of claimed saucer crashes where none of the facts of the
Research (FUFOR). Crash at Corona holds no big surprises cases subsequently checked out.
for those readers of the earlier books on the subject: The
Roswell Incident (Charles Berlitz and William Moore, 1980),
and last year's UFO Crash at Roswell (Kevin Randle and
Donald Schmitt, 1991), but it is a sufficently different work,
D ue credit is given in the book to other people, notably
Leonard Stringfield who "broke the ice" in the late seven-
ties by collecting "crash / retrieval" stories from sources he
both in content and viewpoint, that it complements the other cultivated, organizing them and presenting them through lec-
two and deserves a place on the researcher's shelf beside them. tures and books in such a way that they could no longer be
Crash at Corona seems to be an "insider's" book, written ignored by hoax-wary "ufologists." Credit also to William
more for those who read the specialized literature and attend Moore, who took up the cause when only a few witnesses
the lectures than the general public, which was the apparent were known and pursued many others so that the 1980 book
target audience of UFO Crash at Roswell with its "docu- and a series of papers published by MUFON in the eighties
drama" dialog, and the Moore / Berlitz book with its rather could provide an ever-growing and more solid body of
sensationalized and questionable chapters on astronaut cases, evidence to eager readers, opening their eyes to the impor-
etc. tance of this long-ignored crashed-saucer rumor. Grudging
But I do not wish to leave the impression that Crash at Cor- credit even to William Steinman who, even though side-tracked
ona is some kind of dry, formal, technical report; it has some by the old Scully tale, managed to write letters to Dr. Robert
literary merit. One clever idea is the introduction, which Sarbacher while he was alive and to ask the right questions
presents the 1947 crash event as a newspaper reader of the of this scientist who was briefed about recovered craft and
time would have read about it; the official news release, their occupants during his work with the Research and
followed by a flurry of Army Air Forces activity and editorial Development Board in the 1940s. Names, dates, publications,
speculation, followed by General Ramey's pronouncement that symposia and organizations are mentioned in this book which
it was only a RAWINSONDE balloon, followed by the in- will mean a lot more to the student of flying saucers than
consistent Mac Brazel "retraction," followed by the story just they will to general readers, but the authors provide a rich
fading into oblivion for thirty or more years. bibliography and resource list at the end of the book.
Following that are some chapters best described as "ye olde Wisely, I think, Friedman and Berliner avoid dwelling on
historic," setting the stage for decades of official silence, press the heated disagreements that have flared over relatively minor
ridicule, and public apathy over the flying saucer issue. In- points (not the reality or importance of the overall 1947 event)
cluded here are summaries of several Air Force documents between them and the other two "teams" of investigators

associated with this case; namely Kevin Randle and Don magazines and television programs prior to Anderson's emerg-
Schmitt, co-authors of UFO Crash at Roswell, and William ence as a "witness" to the crash scene, and his supporting
Moore and Jaime Shandera (Charles Berlitz now out of the documentation fail additional tests of authenticity, then Fried-
picture). These endless arguments over the desert locations, man and Berliner will take some lumps for not being more
photographs, number of bodies, and the believability of a neutral in their approach of this data. But the overall story
recently emerged pre-school-aged "witness" have played out of the recovered wreckage of something highly unusual in
in such publications as "Focus," the "International UFO 1947 will not go away because it is based upon many more
Reporter" and the "MUFON UFO Journal," month after witnesses who clearly were there at the time, and documents
month, over several years. Readers of this exchange need not both public and official that announced, if only briefly, the
fear that it will be all hashed out again in Crash at Corona. historic event.
In its place, perhaps, we are offered more meaningful data, Don Berliner's contributions to the book are most in
such as the verbatim testimony of five civilians who saw and evidence in chapter 11, which is an expansion of his paper
handled pieces of the debris found on the New Mexico ranch issued through FUFOR on alternative explanations for the
(all named, some still living); the testimony of "F.B.", an Army wreckage, where he argues forcefully that no mundane ob-
Air Forces photographer who photographed bodies in a tent ject from 1947 would fit the parameters of what is known
near Corona (not Datil, Corona) who wishes to remain about the crash debris; and chapter 13, which speculates how
obscure (though it would seem that those most likely to make the government organized the study and containment of the
trouble for him could easily look up his name, rank and serial crash remains following the initial event. This seems to follow
number!); and the names of many AAF personnel who took portions of a paper Berliner presented at the MUFON 1989
part in the recovery effort and aircraft transport of wreckage International UFO Symposium and published in its Pro-
and bodies. The name of Sheridan Cavitt, the Counter- ceedings. His savvy as a writer also comes through in the
intelligence Corps officer who would be a key witness if he chapter where a modern-day return to the Corona site in a
would allow interviews, or perhaps speak to a Congressional fruitless search for any remaining physical evidence is des-
committee (as specifically allowed by U.S.C.18 § 798(c), cribed, rather poetically.
regardless of whatever secrecy oath he may have taken), ap- Berliner and Friedman separate in the interesting Chapter
pears throughout the book. Cavitt was oddly not mentioned 15, where each speculate upon the effects that full public
by name in the main text of the Randle and Schmitt book, disclosure of the reality of the discovery of crashed saucers
but referred to as "the CIC officer," despite the fact that those and alien bodies, then and now, might have on society. Though
authors admitted contacting him and learning only that he I prefer information to speculation in my flying saucer books,
still feels bound to silence. this is informed speculation covering much ground and
representing the thoughts of two experts who have lived with
ot so reluctant to talk is the man who contacted Stanton the reality of all this for a rather long time, and I respect their
N Friedman following a rather detailed reinactment of the

crash event on nationwide television, Gerald Ander-
son. Forming the centerpiece of Crash at Corona, the lengthy
ideas. Let me say that neither paints a rosy picture of a future
filled with "spiritual evolvement" or anything of the sort. Both
authors come together in recognizing the public's right to know
and amazingly detailed testimony from the man who would the truth, and call upon those who may know any more than
have been five years old in July 1947 may well determine how has already been publicized about the New Mexico crash(es)
this book is remembered in future years. Without wallowing to come forward and share their knowledge. I have no doubt
in details, let me say that the Anderson participation in any more will do so.
crash event is controversial, despite the probability that he
did go rock-hunting with his family in certain New Mexico
desert locations that he has no trouble finding again decades
later.
Friedman and Berliner dutifully report much of what
Anderson has told them, though they do not make clear which
parts, if any, were told before the "regressive hypnosis" ses- MUFON Amateur Radio Net
sions he was subjected to. The authors readily accept Ander-
son's identification of an archeologist he met at the saucer 80 meters — 3.929 MHz — Saturday, 9 p.m.
crash site as "Dr. Buskirk," who is now discovered to have 40 meters — 7.237 MHz — Saturday, 8 a.m.
been a name and face dredged up from much later memories
of Anderson's high-school days (see International UFO 10 meters — 28.470 MHz — Sunday, 3 p.m.
Reporter, vol. 16 number 6, Nov./Dec. 1991), "The search
for the archeologists" by Thomas J. Carey, page 4 and front- All times Eastern Standard or Daylight
cover photographs).
Should the remainder of Mr. Anderson's memories prove
derivative from the Grady Barnett account provided in books,

The Omega Project: Near-Death Experiences, ly Not only is the book highly informative, it is also delightful-
fun and easy to read. Ken Ring is one of the few authors
UFO Encounters, and Mind at Large I know of who is able to write about countless reams of
By Kenneth Ring, Ph.D. statistical data in a way that is so folksy and comfortable that
it reads like a script for Prairie Home Companion. In addi-
1992, Morrow, 284 pages, hardback, $20 tion to recommending it to those who are interested in UFO
Experiences and Near-Death Experiences, I also highly
Reviewed by David Ritchey recommend it to anyone interested in any of the transpersonal
phenomena, dissociation or creativity.
he entire field of UFOlogy has, for years, proven to be a

T source of great frustration for me in that it has seemed
that one either had to be a true believer or a true debunker
The Best of the MUFON Journal
in order to play the game. I have been neither. While it has In the December 1991 issue we asked our readers
seemed to me that there's some pretty interesting intra-psychic to choose their favorite article of the past year.
stuff going on for UFO experiences, I have felt that to dismiss Our purpose was two-fold: one, to learn what kind
their experiences as nothing but hallucinations and/or delu- of article you, the reader, prefer; and two, to reward
sions was very short-sighted. Recently, articles and books have the winning contributor with a cash payment in
been appearing which offer various alternative explanations the amount of $100 as a token of our appreciation.
which avoid these polarized positions, and I was delighted We wish all our authors could be so honored, as
to read Ken Ring's new book which not only offers some in- we greatly value their individual contributions,
teresting theories, but has solid statistical data to back them up. often made at considerable personal expense.
Ring's basic position is that those who have had UFO Ex- The article receiving the most votes was "The
periences and those who have had Near-Death Experiences Summer 1991 Crop Circles" by Michael Chorost,
(a group about whom he has previously written at some which appeared in the October 1991 issue.
length) have a number of characteristics in common. Call- The runner-up article article was Forest
ing those individuals who are likely to have experiences of Crawford's "The Revealing Science of Ufology:
these sorts "encounter-prone personalities" or "psychological An Anatomy of Abduction Correlations," which
sensitives," he shows that they have histories of experienc- appeared in the December 1991 issue.
ing abuse and trauma in childhood, they are likely to utilize Other authors receiving votes were Barry Taff, Mike
dissociation as a psychological defense mechanism, they are O'Brien and the Journal's editor, Dennis Stacy.
already attuned to alternate realities, and they have a strong Our congratulations to Mr. Chorost. And our thanks
tendency toward psychological absorption. to all our other contributors, as well as to you,
Insisting that these experiences cannot be explained away our readers, for participating in this survey.
as Wilson and Barber have attempted to do in their positing
of the "fantasy-prone personality," Ring argues that these ex- — The Editor
periencers are tapping into a realm that in some sense truly
exists outside of time and space. Following the lead of Henry
Corbin, he labels this realm the imaginal realm and argues
that access to it is dependent neither on sensory perception
nor on normal waking cognition (including fantasy) but rather UFOs, MJ-12 AND THE GOVERNMENT:
is available only through certain altered states of A Report on Government Involvement in
consciousness. the UFO Crash Retrievals (113 pages)
The data generated from responses to his "Life Changes by Grant Cameron and T. Scott Grain
Inventory" indicate that, among other things, experiences Price: $19 plus $1.50 for postage and handling.
of these phenomena have an increased appreciation of life, Order From: MUFON, 103 Oldtowne Rd., Seguin, TX 78155-4099
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SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS
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west of the Goio-Bang Colony in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil,
on the 23rd, when he witnessed the landing of a circular ob-
LOOKING BACK ject in an open field about 150 feet from where he stood. The
workers accompanying him, all countrymen, became fright-
ened and ran. He said the craft was about 150 feet wide, not
By Bob Gribble including the edges, which were about three feet in width,
and the whole object was about 15 feet high. Higgins walked
July 1947 • On the first, the steamship Llandovery Castle, toward the machine just as a door located on the underside
bound for Cape Town, South Africa, was passing through of the craft opened, and three occupants came out. They were
the Straits of Madagascar. The time was about 11 p.m., when enclosed in a kind of transparent suit which enveloped their
the lookout and some of the passengers noticed a brilliant bodies completely, head and all, and inflated like a rubber
light approaching rapidly, overtaking the ship and losing bag full of compressed air. On their backs was a metal box
altitude as it did so. The light lost speed and descended to that seemed to be a part of the suit.
within 50 feet of the water. Then it beamed down a brilliant Their eyes were large and round, and without eyebrows.
searching light that cast a diminishing circle on the surface They had no beards, and their heads were large and round
of the sea as the object matched its speed with that of the and almost hairless. The length of their legs was greater in
ship. Suddenly the searchlight beam went out ... and then proportion to their bodies than those of a normal being, and
the object itself became visible. All aboard the vessel who their height was about seven feet tall, about a foot taller than
saw the thing agreed that it was a gigantic cylindrical craft Higgins. After about 30 minutes and a careful examination
of some sort, apparently metallic and about five times as long of the surroundings, the occupants got back into their ship
as its diameter. It looked, said the witnesses, like a huge steelwhich took off with a whistling sound. "I will never know
cigar with the end clipped. No windows or portholes could if they were men or women," Higgins said later when he
be seen. related his story to the press. It was first published on August
From the ease and precision with which it matched its speed 8, 1947, in Diario Da Tarde and Correio Do Noroeste, in
to that of the steamship and from the use of the searchlight, Bauru, in the state of Sao Paulo.
it was quite apparent that the craft was under intelligent con- There are two important points to consider in the evalua-
trol of some sort. The size of the craft was nothing less than tion of the above incident. The Kenneth Arnold sighting of
gigantic; some witnesses estimated that the thing was three June 1947 received little if any attention in Brazil and, a sketch
to four times as long as the steamship, which meant that it of the craft seen by Higgins was published in the magazine
would have been at least 1600 feet long and about 300 feet O Cruzeiro and seems to indicate that it is of the Saturn-shape
thick. After cruising along beside the Llandovery Castle for type or the double washbowl type, neither of which had been
perhaps a minute, the gigantic structure began to rise silent- established through evaluation and compilation of data at that
ly until it was about 1000 feet above the water, then great time. Higgins apparently described something which was to
orange streamers of flame shot from the rear of the craft and become common to UFO researchers years later. (The
it leapt forward, rising rapidly to lose itself in the night sky. A.P.R.O. Bulletin, May 1961)
The incident was duly recorded in the ship's log, and prompt-
ly forgotten except by those who saw it. (Strange World by July 1952 • At 9:12 p.m. on the 14th, a Pan American DC-4
Frank Edwards; Flying Saucers: The Startling Evidence of approached Norfolk, Virginia on its way to Miami, Florida.
the Invasion From Outer Space by Coral Lorenzen) At the controls was First Officer W.B. Nash. Second Officer
W.H. Fortenberry was acting as copilot. Both men had been
• At 4:47 p.m. on the 10th, one of America's top astron- flying for more than 10 years, with thousands of hours in
omers, Dr. Lincoln La Paz, of the University of New Mex- airliner cockpits. Cruising at 8000 feet, the DC-4 was a few
ico, and members of his family, were driving from Clovis miles from Newport News when a red glow appeared ahead.
to Clines Corner, New Mexico when they spotted a curious The pilots saw six huge, disc-shaped machines racing toward
bright object almost motionless near a cloudbank. The ob- them, but at a lower altitude. The discs, which were flying
ject was described as ellipsoidal, whitish, and having sharply- in the flat position, had a brilliant orange glow like red-hot
outlined edges. La Paz determined that the object was not metal.
less than 20 nor more than 30 miles from his viewing point; As the formation approached, in echelon, the leader sud-
that it was 160 feet long and 65 feet thick, if seen at minimum denly slowed, then flipped up on edge. As if on signal, the
distance, or 245 feet long and 100 feet thick if at maximum. five other discs also flipped up edgewise. Almost reversing
He also observed that the object moved with a wobble, no its course, the leading machine flipped back to the horizon-
sound, and left no exhaust or vapor trail. tal and streaked off to the west. Following through, the others
(Life magazine, 4/7/52; Proceedings of the Symposium On also swiftly changed their direction, then again lined up behind
UFOs, Committee On Science and Astronautics, U.S. House the leader. A second later two more discs shot out from under
of Representatives, 7/29/68) the DC-4. As they increased their speed to overtake the
* Topographer Jose C. Higgins was working at a location formation, the pilots saw their color suddenly brighten.

Apparently this was a clue to the discs' propulsion, for the soon came from other astronomers. In February 1968 the in-
first six discs had dimmed as they slowed for the turn, then cident was confirmed at Moscow in an officially sanctioned
had brightened again as they increased speed. The pilots statement. The most startling disclosures were the calcula-
estimated the size of the discs to be 100 feet in diameter and tions by the Kazan astronomers. The diameter of the ship was
15 feet thick. Their estimated speed, 12,000 mph. (Flying between 1640 and 1840 feet. The speed was approximately
Saucers From Outer Space by Major Donald Keyhoe) 11,160 mph. (Aliens From Space ...The Real Story of UFOs
by Major Donald Keyhoe)
• On the 30th, Robert L. Farnsworth, president of the U.S.
Rocket Society, urged the nation's top defense officials to July 1972 • On a clear but dark summer evening Mrs. Hilda
restrain the Armed Forces from shooting at flying discs. Farns- McAfee and her elderly mother were on their way home by
worth said hostile action might alienate mankind from "be- car from Las Cruces, New Mexico, to Deming. Interstate 10
ings of far superior powers." He said there were unconfirmed was relatively devoid of traffic. About 23 miles east of Dem-
rumors that the Armed Forces had been ordered to shoot at ing the evening was disrupted by a beam of blue light directed
any unidentified object in the sky. Farnsworth warned against at them from what seemed to be a short distance straight
such tactics in a telegram to President Truman, Secretary of ahead, emanating from the same lane in which they were driv-
Defense Robert Lovett, Army Secretary Frank Pace Jr., and ing. The light was huge and blinding and Mrs. McAfee
Navy Secretary Dan Kimball. His telegram said: "I respect- prepared to swerve around an object on the ground just ahead.
fully suggest that no offensive action be taken against objects As she pulled around the object, the women were within view-
reported as unidentified which have been sighted over our ing distance of two beings bathed in a brilliant blue light, but
nation. Should they be extraterrestrial, such action might result only gathered a quick glance at them. They appeared to be
in the gravest consequences, as well as possibly alienating of average height and rather stocky. They were clad in pale
us from beings of far superior powers. Friendly contact should blue, bulky quilted coveralls. Mrs. McAfee's mother noted
be sought as long as possible." (The News, San Francisco, that they were wearing wide belts, which matched the coveralls
CA, 7/30/52) and gloves.
Mrs. McAfee said they were wearing dark boots which
July 1957 • Soviet anti-aircraft batteries on the Kuril Islands, reached the mid-calf. Both agreed that the beings were iden-
north of Japan, opened fire on a large group of UFOs on the tically dressed and wore helmets similar in appearance to those
24th. Although all Soviet anti-aircraft batteries on the Islands worn by motorcyclists, with a dark-colored window which
were in action, no hits were reported. The objects were concealed the facial features. The figures appeared rigid and
luminous and moved very fast. We, too, have fired on UFOs. not aware of, or if so, unconcerned about, the presence of
About ten o'clock one morning, a radar site near a fighter the two women. One had his back turned to the women and
base picked up a UFO doing 700 mph. The object then slowed seemed to be working on something connected with the ob-
to 100 mph, and two F-86s were scrambled to intercept. Even- ject located above them, while the other was turned sideways,
tually one F-86 closed on the UFO at about 3000 feet altitude. facing him. Both were standing flat on the pavement, either
The object began to accelerate away but the pilot still managed beside or underneath the presumed object, and the blue light
to get within 500 yards of the target for a short period of time. shone down on them from a point somewhere above. At the
It was definitely disc-shaped. As the pilot pushed the F-86 same time the beam of light which had been focused on the
at top speed, the disc began to pull away. When the range two women was still glaring at them and followed the car as
reached 1000 yards, the pilot armed his guns and fired in an it drove around the beings and object.
attempt to down the object. He failed, and the UFO pulled The entire object was described as being obscure and no
away rapidly, vanishing in the distance. (Introductory Space sound was heard. It was vaguely discerned as about the size
Science, Volume U, Department of Physics, United States Air of a truck and sitting off the ground. Mrs. McAfee said she
Force Academy) wasn't certain but that they may have passed partially under
the object in their attempt to avoid hitting it. Following their
July 1967 • The 18th was an ordinary day at the Soviet -encounter both women suffered a burning, aching pain in their
Astronomical Station near Kazan, on the Volga River. As the chest and arms, and even their bones seemed to hurt. Both
twilight deepened, two of the staff astronomers began mak- ladies thought the pain was caused by the light which was
ing routine observations. Suddenly a huge flying object ap- so brilliant it lit up the floor of the car and was much brighter
peared, moving swiftly across the sky. As it passed above the than daylight. (The A.P.R.O. Bulletin, December 1975)
observatory its orange glow made it easily visible in the dusk.
It was an amazing sight, an enormous crescent-shaped craft. • On the 10th, a South African Airwaysflightcaptain radioed
The horns of the crescent were pointed backward, emitting the Durban, South Africa Airport control tower that a strange
jetlike exhausts. Flying at incredible speed, the gigantic ship object was flying close to his Boeing 727 airliner. Flight Cap-
was out of sight within seconds. The two astronomers were tain Chester Chandler, 36, said: "As we were descending
shaken by the experience. At first they made no report, afraid toward the airport at 9:50 p.m., going about 300 miles per
no one would believe them. But confirmation of the giant ship hour, this bright object flew close to us and kept pace with

us right outside our cabin, a few hundred yards away. When tional UFO Museum recently opened in Roswell, New Mex-
we got down to about 9000 feet, it veered off suddenly, to ico. We're pleased to report that the Fund is a Sponsor/Foun-
the southwest, at terrific speed. My senior flight officer, ding Member of the museum, whose activities we support
Graham Smith and our flight engineer, G. Koekemoer, saw whole-heartedly.
it with me." The shape of the object was "indistinct," Chandler Also during this period, the Fund recognized outstanding
said. (National Enquirer, October 15, 1972) journalism in 1991 through the Donald Keyhoe Journalism
Award competition. This year's winners included:
• Cindy Horswell for her follow-up article on the Cash-

FUND FOR UFO RESEARCH Landrum case, published in the Houston Chronicle;
Quarterly Report • Linda Moulton Howe for her documentary broadcast on

January - March 1992 the Fox Network, "UFO Report: Sightings"; and
• Cathy Wogan, for her article on a college UFO Studies class,

in the Defiance (OH) CrescentNews.
T he major event during this quarter was a conference
co-sponsored by the Fund and the Center for UFO Studies
to discuss the reported crash of a UFO on the Plains of San
The three winners shared a $2,000 cash award. The com-
petition was open to all journalists employed by a newspaper,
Agustin in New Mexico in early July 1947. The conference magazine, television or radio station whose article or story
was held February 14-15 in Chicago. The purpose of the on some aspect of the UFO phenomenon was published or
meeting was to lay out all of the evidence supporting such broadcast during the 1991 calendar year.
an event, as well as to examine the contention of some in- The Fund also distributed a summary of UFO activities
vestigators that the event either didn't occur at that location, in 1991, entitled "UFO Year in Review," to our expanding
or didn't occur at all. A report on both sides of the issue will list of media contacts. We received responses from a number
be published by CUFOS and the Fund in June. of outlets, including the Wall Street Journal and Omni
The Fund's Executive Committee received and approved magazine (which is preparing several articles about the Fund,
three grant proposals for continued investigation into govern- including one about the Keyhoe Journalism Award
ment involvement in UFOs in 1947. The first was from competition).
Timothy Cooper, a private investigator in California, who pro- For additional information, write: P.O. Box 277, Mount
posed to conduct research into the reported landing of an Rainier, MD 20712.
unidentified space craft on or near the White Sands Proving
Ground in New Mexico in July 1947. The estimated costs for
the project are $560.
The second was a proposal submitted by Michael Swords
and David Ford to conduct research into personnel stationed UFO
at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base during the 1947-1948 NEWSCLIPPING SERVICE
period, in an effort to locate people who may have been in-
volved in receiving the wreckage from the Roswell event. The The UFO Newsclipping Service will keep you informed
of all the latest United States and World-Wide UFO reports
proposal would involve utilizing the service of a "skip-tracer" (i.e., little known photographic cases, close encounters and
(a finder of missing persons) and a genealogist. The estimated landing reports, occupant cases) and all other UFO reports,
costs for the project are $500. many of which are carried only in small town and foreign
The Executive Committee also approved a request from newspapers.
Stanton Friedman for $1,000 to support telephone expenses Our UFO Newsclipping Service issues are 20-page month-
ly reports, reproduced by photo-offset, containing the latest
related to his continuing research into the Roswell case through United States and Canadian UFO newsclippings, with our
1992. foreign section carrying the latest British, Australian, New
Funding for these and other proposals was made possible Zealand and other foreign press reports. Also included
by those who responded to our most recent request for sup- is a 3-5 page section of "Fortean" clippings (i.e., Bigfoot and
port to continue research into the Roswell UFO crash case. other "monster" reports). Let us keep you informed of the
latest happenings in the UFO and Fortean fields.
Those who contributed $50 or more to the effort received For subscription information and sample pages from our
the new videotape, "Recollections of Roswell (Part 2)," a service, write today to:
105-minute presentation consisting of interviews with 28
UFO NEWSCLIPPING SERVICE
witnesses. The fund-raising appeal raised more than $10,000 Route 1 - Box 220
in donations. Plumerville, Arkansas 72127
Partly as a result of this generous support, the Fund was
able to donate copies of all of its publications to the Interna-

jumping and for some reason jumped two jumps to the left.
The object changed and it, too, seemed to respond by jerk-
CURRENT CASE LOG ing two "steps" to her left. She thought this was wonderful
so she jumped two steps to the right and the object responded
by moving to the right. This was repeated several times so
By George Coyne there was some sort of intelligent contact made. The light went
Central Regional Director back up into the object and her 10-year-old brother joined
her in the yard. She said the light did not go out, but became
Log #101391C: March 27, 1990: 10:31 p.m. (Howard Coun- shorter as it retreated into the object.
ty) Kokomo, IN; investigated by K.O. Learner. The sighting
occurred as the witness drove south on county road 450E Log 0101591C: July 1, 1991: 12:00 noon event in Troy, Ohio
about 250 feet south of county road 600N. The night was (Miami County); investigator Franklin B. Reams. A father
clear and what appeared to be half a dozen meteors were and his 12-year-old daughter were riding a three-wheeler in
observed prior to the sighting. The object appeared and came a field on their property four miles NE of Troy, Ohio. It was
toward the young man's car. He said that he had to cover his a perfectly clear day and they had been riding a figure eight
eyes with his hands, slow the car and take evasive maneuvers. course for approximately one hour. For no known reason the
He was aware of a buzzing sound coming from his radio so man made a left turn on the track instead of turning right.
he "popped" the tape out of the tape deck. The sound con- As they turned to the west, they saw a large, bright, silvery
tinued. The "roundish" oval object passed over his car at an object 15-20 degrees above the horizon. The object was pen-
elevation of less than 10 feet. He said that he took his hands cil or cigar-shaped and approximately 1/2 to 1 mile away. The
from his eyes and looked over his shoulder as he hit the gas witnesses observed a lot of airline traffic in the area, since
pedal. The object was hovering 35-40 feet off the road, in they are only 12 miles northeast of Dayton Cox Airport. They
a field. He pushed hard on the gas pedal and drove away described the object as four times the length and twice the
without looking back until he had driven a mile. The object width of an airliner. They knew immediately that it was ah
could not be seen and the buzzing sound coming from the unusual object. There was no tail,.wings or windows. There
radio was gone. The witness estimated that the duration of were two darker or gray areas on an otherwise smooth shiny
the event was about 45 seconds. He said the object had two surface. It made no sound and if there was any motion, it
lights on it. They were described as being 4-sided and was very slowly to the south. After sitting and watching the
yellowish/orange in color. object for a few seconds, they decided to go to the house and
get their video camera. The man drove the three-wheeler at
Log #04301992C: April 14, 1991, Durant, OK, 10:30 p.m.; idle speed while the daughter watched the object. After hav-
investigator Richard D. Seifried, Norman, OK. A young ing driven 150 feet the girl said the object disappeared. The
woman who lives with her mother and 10-year-old brother, man looked all over the sky and was amazed that something
was in her mother's bedroom about 10:30 p.m., rocking her that large was gone in an instant. The girl said there was a
infant son to sleep. She noticed a red light coming through "green flash" and the object was gone. The morning after
the curtained window. She hurried out to where her mother the sighting, a flight of five green military helicopters came
was and said, "What was that?" The mother was up and clos- out of the west over the area where the object had been and
ing the blinds because she did not want to know what it was. then right over the man's house. The witnesses had never seen
The young woman went outside to get a better look. There a formation of five helicopters in their area, ever.
were two objects: one was a "fireball" about 18 inches across;
it had no definite shape but "swished" rapidly along the Log #052792C: Feb. 9, 1992, 9:30 p.m. event eight miles
southern sky, close to the trailer home. Then it "swooshed" south of Rapid City, SD on Hwy. 79; investigated by Davina
off to the NW at an upward angle and disappeared. The sec- Ryszka and Zack Harrison. A family of three (father, mother,
ond object was very large. It moved slowly along the road- teenage daughter) were heading toward Hermosa, SD when
way and then changed course, moved over an adjacent small they sighted an object they thought was an airliner. Sudden-
field and stopped. The object was silver in color with a "nip- ly they realized that the object was too large, too slow, and
ple" on top with a red light and antenna. The witness said too low to the ground to be an airliner. The man pulled the
that there were windows alongside the "nipple" and they were car to the side of the road, shut off the engine and got out
square or rectangular. In the middle was a line of blue lights, of the car to watch. The woman and daughter stayed in the
and a line of red lights at the bottom. The bottom was flat, car but had the windows down. The three witnesses believed
but a long, likely round, segment protruded below the main the object to be 2,000 feet from them and about 1,000 feet
hull. This area opened up part way and a white light shot from the ground. There were bright lights along the bottom
down to the ground. It must have been at an angle because that were so bright it blocked out the definite shape, and they
it almost touched the witness. The light seemed to narrow could not look directly at the object. They also noticed there
as it came down so that the bottom was smaller than the top.
She was frightened, extremely happy and crying. She began Continued on page 21

Lucifer. Interestingly, the Latin word lucifer from which the
LETTERS Prince of Light gets his name refers to Venus as the morning
star and literally means "light-bringing." No evil or negative
connotation, of course, was originally attached. The same situa-
UFOs - the Religious Dimension ... tion applies to the Greek daimon, from whence our demon.
As mentioned previously, no other article in recent memory Originally, the word referred to an attendant or guiding spirit.
has drawn more reader response, both pro and con, than John Ditto for genius, also Latin, which referred to a tutelary spirit,
White's "Aliens Among Us — A UFO Conspiracy Hypothesis similar to a Guardian Angel. The Arabs refer to same as a jinn,
in a Religious Mode," which appeared in the February 1992 which we recognize as a genie. In general, genius is still thought
issue. Space prohibits us publishing each and every letter of as good, whereas genies are not, at least probably not in
received, but the following sample is more or less typical. a Christian fundamentalist sense.
George D. Fawcett, director of public relations for MUFON The early Gnostics and Manicheans also had somewhat up-
of North Carolina, Inc., wrote to say that White's article "was side down ideas as to what was good and bad in terms of in-
one of the finest I've ever read in the pages of our Journal. visible agencies. So how did these original meanings and con-
Congratulations are in order! notations get flip-flopped over the course of centuries? (For an
"This hypothesis by White primarily covers one side of the interesting fictional treatment of the subject, see Arthur C.
coin. It contains not only proper bibliographical sketches and Clarke's Childhood's End.) And if we're going to investigate
footnotes, but more importantly hits the nail on the head in UFOs in a religious light, which religious light do we use: Bud-
reporting many of the profound spiritual implications I've dhism, Islam, Christianity? Contemporary Christianity itself is
found to be true in my own investigations and research of divided into numerous interpretations of the Old and New Testa-
UFOs and their occupants over the past almost five decades." ment, based on just such nuances of each and every word as
Eric Lightsey, vice president of the Houston UFO Network, those I've outlined above. Which one of those do we go by —
Inc., said "I must take exception to your review of John White's, mine or yours? It was this vast philosophical problem
White's article. To consider Satan's existence and influence of fundamental agreement on basic terms, or rather the lack
on this planet as 'hypothetical' could be dangerously naive. of same, that I was referring to in my "review" of White's article.
The Demon oppression and possession phenomenon is just A view similar to that of Fawcett and Lightsey was also ex-
as real as the UFO phenomenon. pressed by Daniel Eden of Jacksonville, Arkansas. "Let me urge
"White makes some excellent points. His article may receive all ufologists, particularly the younger ones," he writes, "to take
as lot of flak because many researchers associated with the White's comments very seriously. A few years ago I would have
UFO field of study attach much ill-conceived baggage to the given short shrift to the idea of an intrinsically evil force active
concept of the Devil, demons and Lucifer/Satan. Some re- in ufology. However, his observations, along with similar ones
searchers either think these entities do not exist or are not a by John Keel, Gordon Creighton, Ann Druffel, Don Worley
problem, or that they have nothing to do with the study of and many others may, in fact, represent a tremendously im-
UFOs. I disagree. There are many reports of UFO occupants portant aspect of the UFO field.
exhibiting the same skills or abilities which parallel other "I myself have come under some sort of powerful 'negative
reports of phenomena attributed to demonic entities, such as influences' that seem designed to lead me to self destruction.
dematerialization, levitation, psychic ability, sadistic treatment One dear woman, who claims to have the Biblical gift of 'dis-
of humans, etc. If it ultimately turns out that some UFO oc- cerning spirits,' has even bluntly told me that I am currently
cupants (or the ultimate powers that control them) are somehow being attacked by a classical 'demon.'
related to certain powers of darkness and evil that have in- "While I don't feel that her interpretation is necessarily the
terfered with and deceived mankind for millenia, then many only one possible, I certainly have experienced a number of
ufologists may be caught with egg on their faces for summarily psychological, physiological and possibly paranormal forces
having denounced such a possibility. that seem intrinsically negative in nature. A number of
"I'm not saying that all UFO occupants are really demons, classical fortean phenomena, seemingly unrelated to UFOs,
or that demons are really UFO aliens, but I firmly believe that have also intruded most forcefully into my previous 'ivory
there is a connection. If people can stop throwing out all of tower' research.
the data that is uncomfortable or does not fit within their "In fact, that ivory tower of emotional indifference to the
narrow-minded 'reality envelope,' then they just might find the various phenomena that I have researched over the years has
answer to the UFO enigma, and maybe even the answer as begun to crumble like Edgar Allan Poe's House of Usher.
to why all this is happening." I find myself trying to recall Robert J. Durant's deep thought:
'Are we not all, researchers and abductees alike, victims?"
y brief comments about a hypothetical Satan were not
M a review of White's article as such. They were meant
to address the problem of resolving one mystery — the UFO
Address additional comments to ...
Letters to the Editor
and abductions — by reference to another — the arguable, and MUFON UFO Journal
at any rate unproven, existence of a demonic entity known as 103 Oldtowne Road, Seguin, Texas 78155-4099

Dear Editor: Dear Editor:
The search for the truth takes us in a number of directions While "Return to Roswell" (April 1992) remains fresh in
and sometimes the truth is slightly skewed so that it seems the mind, I would like to comment on one feature of Ms.
a witness is changing his story when such is not the case. MacFie's interview. A reliable witness viewed the physical
In the recent article, "Return to Roswell" by Anne MacFie, remains of some humanlike creatures, yet only a short
there are a few areas that need to be clarified. paragraph or so was devoted to describing what she saw. What
Glenn Dennis, after his last meeting with the nurse in about skin, hair, the feet? Was there a tongue? What about
Roswell in July 1947 wrote to her once or twice. The last internal organs?
letter he sent was returned marked, "Deceased." Talking to When I was interviewed by a MUFON representative con-
other nurses at the base, he was told that she had been killed cerning my recent UFO sighting, he made fully inquiry of
in an aircraft accident in England shortly after her transfer every aspect relative to my observation.
there. But here we have what could be an unusually important
In our investigation, we could find no evidence of that ac- subject - life from outer space - devoted largely to a long story
cident. We checked the London Times and The New York about bickering.
Times index, finding no reference to an aircraft accident in - James J. Smith
Great Britain or Europe in which Army nurses had been kill- Brockport, NY
ed. The National Transportation and Safety Board's records
do not cover military accidents that far back, and the Army
Dear Editor:
records we've searched list no training accidents killing five
I am not a bit surprised to learn, from Dan Wright's "Ab-
nurses. In other words, we have not been able to confirm the
ductions: Our Dirty Secret," that MUFON possesses pretty
story that had been given to Dennis.
well nothing on the vital matter of abductions. I'd say that
In discussing this with him, we learned that his nurse had
situation is normal!
been very devout and had, in fact, talked of becoming a nun.
Neither Donald Keyhoe nor anybody else at NICAP — so
We began to speculate, wondering if the Army, in it's attempt
far as I was able to see, being a NICAP member myself —
to cover up, might have given the nurse the option to get out
would accept any evidence whatsoever for alien critters.
of the Army on the condition she would enter a convent. Eigh-
And the Brazilian text of the story of Antonio Villas Boas
teen months ago we began a quiet effort to find out if that
had lain for months in the files of Flying Saucers Review, our
might have been the case. With no documentation about the
then editor, Waveney Girvan, having refused to take it seriously
aircraft accident, it made some sense.
or give it any thought. It was I who translated it into English.
Unlike Ms. MacFie suggested, we had been trying to follow
When Charles Bowen took over (Girvan having developed
that lead ... quietly. In an investigation of this nature, we cer-
a fulminating cancer and died in just a few days — just like
tainly didn't want to telegraph our moves. Often, the way to
so many other UFO researchers), I was able to persuade him
learn something is to keep quiet, ask questions, and see what
to publish it in FSR Volume XI, No. 1, January/February 1965.
happens. Once too much is learned about the investigation,
"History" has of course been "re-written" since then, and
the doors are closed. Unfortunately, doors that had been
neither FSR nor I had anything else to do with the affair of
opened, are now shut.
Antonio Villas Boas.
The important thing to remember here is that Glenn Den-
— Gordon Creighton
nis is not changing his story, as it would appear at first blush.
Editor, FSR
The information about the nurse entering the convent is
speculation, pure and simple. The story is that she was
killed in a plane crash in late 1947. The information about
CASE LOG, Continued
the convent came about as we tried to learn the truth.
This really isn't much of a discrepancy, but those who don't were three parallel, separate, long, narrow, pink colored lights
know the whole story, those in the skeptical community, could that ran the length of the object, estimating the distance be-
take the information from the article and use it as proof that tween each pink line at 10 feet. The man estimated that the
Dennis was changing his tune. If they understand how the object was three stories tall and 100 feet in length. They
new information was developed and that it is speculation, not watched the silent object until it moved slowly from west to
by Dennis but by Don Schmitt and me, then we have not ac- east ... like a hot air balloon. It crossed Hwy. 79, in front
cidentally undermined Dennis' credibility. of them. The witnesses are very reluctant to talk about the
Thank you for the opportunity to set the record straight. experience because it disturbed them greatly.
I hope this will answer a few of the questions that might have
been raised.
MUFONET-BBS Network
- Kevin D. Handle Computer Bulletin Board 8-N-l 300:14,400 Baud
Cedar Rapids, IA Data Line 901-785-4943. John Komar

ing Hercules. Ophiuchus (the Serpent Bearer) is shaped
like an Arab tent and is located S of the prior constellation.
THE NIGHT SKY To the E of the Triangle, find another upside-down figure,
the Flying Horse Pegasus. (The Great Square marks its
By Walter N. Webb body.)
The bright yellowish "star" in otherwise faint Capricor-
August 1992 nus the Sea Goat (shaped like a diaper or bikini) is the planet
Saturn. Its tilted ring system can be perceived even in high-
• Bright Planets (Evening Sky): powered binoculars.
Venus (magnitude -3.9) and Jupiter (-1.7), the two brightest
planets, narrow the gap between each other this month.
But both are very low in the W after sunset, setting within
45 minutes and an hour of the Sun, respectively, in mid- The Bennewitz Affair: An Update
August. Jupiter is 5° to the upper left of Venus on the 17th.
The gap narrows at the rate of 1° per day until conjunction In the February 1992 issue of the Journal we an-
on the 22nd. Look for the pair above an unobstructed W nounced the publication of a new book by
horizon half an hour after sunset. William Moore: The Scientist, the Government
Saturn, in Capricornus, is opposite the Sun on August 7. and UFOs: Personal Recollections of the Paul
Shining then at magnitude 0.2, the ringed planet rises in Bennewitz Affair. Several of our members have
the ESE at sunset and moves across the southern sky dur- since called or written to complain that they sent
ing the night. The full moon lies nearby on the 12th. Mr. Moore a check but have yet to see the book
or receive even a letter of explanation.
• Bright Planets (Morning Sky): MUFON greatly regrets any inconvenience this
Mars (0.7), in Taurus between the Pleiades and Aldebaran, premature and unfortunate announcement may
rises in the NE about 12:30 AM and stands high in the ESE have caused our members.
at dawn. On the llth the ruddy planet passes 5° above orange We have since been in contact with Mr.
Aldebaran. Compare their colors. Their brightnesses are Moore, who cites personal financial problems for
nearly the same this month. the delay, but advises that the book will be
published and that pre-publication orders will be
Saturn is low in the WSW at dawn. filled. We can only hope this will indeed prove
• Meteor Shower: to be the case.
In the meantime, MUFON and the Journal
Last year the Perseid meteors surprised observers in Japan have initiated a new policy aimed at avoiding
and Arizona with intense displays of 450 and 120 per hour, such confusion in the future. No announcement
respectively. Since normal hourly rates average around 50 of a forthcoming book to be published by an in-
or so at maximum, some speculate that the shower's parent dividual will appear in the Journal until the
comet, Swift-Tuttle, may be approaching Earth's vicinity. editors have in hand a hard copy of the adver-
Unfortunately, a full moon this year will severely wash out tized work.
many of the Perseids on the peak morning of August 12. Please send such copies and any accompanying
Try looking for the meteors on the previous two mornings announcement to either Dennis Stacy, Box 12434,
during a "window" between moonset and the start of San Antonio, TX, 78212, or Walt Andrus, 103
morning twilight. Oldtowne Road, Seguin, TX, 78155-4099.
Moon Phases: Again, we apologize for any temporary in-
convenience we may have caused our members
First quarter — August 5 C or readers in this matter.
Full moon — August 13 O — The Editor
Last quarter — August 21 3
New Moon — August 27
The Stars:
August evenings bring the Summer Triangle high overhead.
Just to the W of the bright stellar trio lie the dim sprawl-
ing constellations of Hercules and Ophiuchus! Look for the
Keystone, the four-sided waist of the upside-down kneel-

MESSAGE, Continued the June 1992 issue were printed to cover new memberships
for the month. With the greater popularity of UFOs in the
Abduction Study Conference electronic and printed media, we are looking forward to the
next milestone of 4,000 subscribers.
On June 13-17, 1992 an Abduction Study Conference was
held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, hosted by International UFO Conference in U.K.
David E. Pritchard, Ph.D. and John E. Mack, M.D. and
entirely independent of M.I.T., except for the facilities. At- The Independent UFO Network in England presents "ET
tendance was limited to conferees and abductees by invita- or Not ET, Is that the Question?" at their International UFO
tion only, therefore the conference was not listed in the Calen- Conference which will take place the weekend of August 15
dar of UFO Conferences in 1992 in the Journal. Very favorable and 16, 1992 at the Central Library Theater, Sheffield, South
publicity was received in newspapers across the country repor- Yorkshire. An impressive line-up of speakers will include:
ting the event. William L. Moore, Jenny Randies, Graham Allen, Dr.
This was a follow-up conference to the first National Con- John Shaw, Robert France, Ralph Noyes, Albert Budden
ference on Anomalous Experiences held at Temple Univer- and Kevin McClure. For full conference details please write
sity on January 18-20, 1991, organized and hosted by David to Independent UFO Network, 1 Woodall Drive, Batley, West
M. Jacobs, Ph.D. and Budd Hopkins. John F. Schuessler Yorkshire, England WFI7 7SW.
and Walter H. Andrus, Jr. represented MUFON at the very
successful and productive first conference.
Dan Wright, representing MUFON at M.I.T., made a ma-
jor proposal to the conference which was well received and
enacted upon by at least eleven of the major abductee resear-
chers who have thousands of hours of audio tapes of their
hypnosis sessions. Since MUFON has become the prime con-
tributor to implementing Mr. Wright's plan, we have taken
the liberty of publishing his presentation in the August issue
of the Journal for all to review.
We received such a favorable response to our invitation for
volunteers with stenographic skills to transcribe audio-taped
recordings of hypnotic regression sessions in the April 1992
issue of the MUFON UFO Journal, I am again making the
same appeal for additional volunteers. The names of the people
originally volunteering their skills have all been mailed to Dan
Wright, since he will be coordinating this vitally important
project. Your International Director will again serve as the
collection point for volunteers to help "solve our dirty secret."
Crop Circles in U.K.
Investigators and Researchers in England have reported that

the first uniqued shaped crop circle configurations have started
appearing in wheat and barley fields during the second week
of June 1992. These are small circles with worm or curly-
cue's emanating from the outside edges of the circle. We will
be hearing more from the North American Circle group, head- Linda Moulton Howe
ed by Michael M. Chorost, who will be in England from
July 9 - August 19, in the joint effort of CCCS/NAC "Pro-
ject Argus." Stay tuned. MUFON was proud to be able to CHANGE OF ADDRESS
contribute $2,500 toward financial support for the project. MEMBERS/SUBSCRIBERS
Advise change of address
MUFON UFO Journal
(include county and phone no.) to:
The number of Journals mailed in January 1992 was 3,307, MUFON, 103 Oldtowne Rd,
whereas the quantity in June had increased substantially to Seguin, Texas 78155-4099
3,768, a growth of 461 copies. Comparing June 1991 to June
1992, there was an increase of 701 copies. 3,950 copies of

Miss Douglass has demonstrated the motivational attributes
to inspire our members in the nation's capital. John C.
DIRECTOR'S MESSAGE Kasher, Ph.D. (Omaha, NE) was promoted from Assistant
to State Director for Nebraska replacing Stephen Johnson.
Davina M. Ryszka, State Director for South Dakota, has
News Around the Network selected two new State Section Directors as another positive
by Walter Andrus step in building her state investigative team. They are Jeff
W. Goodrich (Rapid City, SD) for Meade and Pennington
MUFON 1992 UFO SYMPOSIUM Counties and Donald C. Nelson, Ph.D. (Custer, SD) for
Custer County. Dr. Nelson was previously made a Consul-
tant in Horticulture. The following people were appointed State
By the time that Journal subscribers read this issue, the Section Directors by their respective State Directors: Gerald
twenty-third Annual MUFON International UFO Symposium D. Fossett (Section, AL) for De Kalb and Jackson Counties;
will have made its mark in history as another very successful, Walter A. Fydryck (Chicago, IL) for Cook and Lake Coun-
rewarding and enjoyable event. Hosted by New Mexico- ties: Deborah M. Smith (Ormond Beach, FL) for Volusia
MUFON, Teresa Brito-Asenap and her committee are to be County; Roland B. Lee (Midland, TX) for Midland, Ector
congratulated and given accolades not only for their terrific and Andrews Counties; Beth K. McLeod (Dallas, TX) for
job, but by making everyone welcome to the "Land of En- Colin and Rockwall Counties; Melinda L. Chance (Dallas,
chantment." TX) for Dallas County; Lance M. Oliver (Irving, TX) for
For those of you who were unable to personally attend and Tarrant County; Kristie K. Jones (Salinas, CA) for Santa
enjoy the symposium, the published symposium proceedings Cruz, Monterey and San Benito Counties; and Tom
(231 pages) are now available from MUFON in Seguin, Texas Theofanous (Toronto, ON) Provincial Section Director for
for $20 plus $1.50 for postage and handling in U.S. funds. the Toronto, Canada area. Mrs. McLeod, Mrs. Chance and
(Foreign orders should be made by international postal money Mr. Oliver are all board members of MUFON-Metroplex.
order.) We regret that published papers are not included for
Budd Hopkins, due to kidney surgery, and Philippe Piet van New Consultants and Research Specialists
Putten because of mail delay problems from Brazil. On the
positive side, an additional published paper by Pavel Consultants volunteering their expertise this month were
Popovich, President of the UFO Centre in Moscow, Russia the following: Toyo Matsumoto, D.D.S. (Seattle, WA) in Den-
titled "Ufology in the Commonwealth of Independent States: tistry; C. Warren Coulter, J.D. (Bella Vista, AR) in Law;
Organizational Problems" is included. Anne E. Kuhner, M.D. (Clovis, NM) in Medicine; and John
S. Derr, Ph.D. (Tijeras, NM) in Seismology. Recent new
Annual MUFON Award Research Specialists joining MUFON are: William F. Hunter,
M.A. (Lakeland, FL) in Psychology; Jay Friedman, M.S.
Linda Moulton Howe was the recipient of the prestigious (Cape Canaveral, FL) in Biomedical Engineering; Charles
1991-1992 MUFON award plaque and monetary prize of $500, G. Breckenridge, M.S. (Edmonds, WA) in Clinical
honoring the person deemed most instrumental in advancing Psychology; Jann L. Bach, J.D. (Colorado Springs, CO) in
the science of ufology by her colleagues through a ballot Criminal Law; Cynthia M. Dean, Ph.D. (Boston, MA) in
enclosed with the May 1992 issue of the Journal. The award Theology; and Paul Von Ward, M.S. (Washington, DC) in
was presented in Albuquerque on July llth. Ms. Howe re- Clinical Psychology.
ceived twice as many votes as the nearest contender. She of-
fered her sincere thanks to the many people who expressed MUFONET-BBS
their confidence in her dedicated work and accomplishments.
The MUFON Board of Directors appreciated the very substan- The interest and popularity in the computer MUFONET-
tial number of members who cast their ballots attesting to BBS operated by John Komar in Memphis, TN was dramat-
the significance of the award. ically recognized on June 2, 1992 when the automatic call-
ing recorder marked 10,000 calls to the network since its
New Officers founding just a few years ago. MUFONET-BBS is a com-
puter network operated for and by MUFON members. John
For MUFON to continue to be the world leader in Ufology Komar, system operator and Tennessee State Director, has
it is essential that enthusiastic and effective leadership be a done an outstanding job managing and operating the network.
prime requisite of our grassroots organizational structure.
Elaine Douglass (Washington, DC) has been appointed State
Director for the District of Columbia, replacing David W. Continued on page 23
Schwartzman, Ph.D. Dr. Schwartzman, a member since
1974, will continue to serve as a Consultant in Geo Chemistry.

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Mufon UFO Journal

Official Publication of the Mutual UFO Network Since 1967

THE GULF BREEZE P

THE GULF BREEZE PHOTOGRAPHS William G. Hyzer 3

DREAMLAND & THE CIA Andrew D. Basiago 10

THE UFO PRESS Reviews by J.R. Johnson & David Ritchey 13

LOOKING BACK Bob Gribble 19

CURRENT CASE LOG George Coyne 19

THE AUGUST NIGHT SKY Walter N. Webb 22

DIRECTOR'S MESSAGE Walt Andrus 24

COVER Gulf Breeze Photo No. 18 by Ed Walters

EDITOR Copyright 1992 by the Mutual UFO Network.

2) The original photographs numbered 25 to 34 were recorded

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

4. Chameleon-like characteristics. The images representing

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

A all of the photographic images analyzed for this report,

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

A with Mr. Rex Salisberry in an attempt to duplicate

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

F UFO circles, telling a terrifying story. The government,

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

F this book, the hoped-for "definitive" volume on the 1947

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

N Friedman following a rather detailed reinactment of the

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

he entire field of UFOlogy has, for years, proven to be a

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

• Cindy Horswell for her follow-up article on the Cash-

Quarterly Report • Linda Moulton Howe for her documentary broadcast on

• Cathy Wogan, for her article on a college UFO Studies class,

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

Crop Circles in U.K.

Investigators and Researchers in England have reported that

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

MUFON UFO JOURNAL No. 291 July 1992

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