4PH0 2P Que 20130605
4PH0 2P Que 20130605
4PH0 2P Que 20130605
Surname
Other names
Edexcel Certificate
Edexcel
International GCSE
Centre Number
Candidate Number
Physics
Unit: KPH0/4PH0
Paper: 2P
Wednesday 5 June 2013 Afternoon
Time: 1 hour
Paper Reference
KPH0/2P
4PH0/2P
Total Marks
Instructions
Information
Advice
P41560A
2013 Pearson Education Ltd.
1/1/1/1/
*P41560A0120*
Turn over
EQUATIONS
You may find the following equations useful.
energy transferred = current voltage time
E=IVt
p 1 V1 = p2 V2
frequency =
1
time period
f =
1
T
power =
work done
time taken
P=
W
t
power =
energy transferred
time taken
P=
W
t
v=
2 r
T
orbital speed =
2 orbital radius
time period
pressure
= constant
temperature
force =
p1 p2
=
T1 T2
change in momentum
time taken
*P41560A0220*
BLANK PAGE
*P41560A0320*
Turn over
*P41560A0420*
(c) Describe how a teacher should measure the activity of a radioactive source using
a Geiger-Muller detector.
(4)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A0520*
Turn over
230 V
30 W
Soldering iron A
Soldering iron A is labelled 230 V, 30 W.
(i) What does 30 W tell you about the energy transfer in the soldering iron?
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A0620*
24 V
70 W
Soldering iron B
Soldering iron B is labelled 24 V, 70 W.
A student says:
(i) Use information from the soldering iron labels to evaluate this statement.
(3)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A0720*
Turn over
(ii) There is a step-down transformer in the power supply for soldering iron B.
Describe the structure of a step-down transformer.
You may draw a labelled diagram to help your answer.
(3)
*P41560A0820*
Temperature = ................................................. K
(ii) Use ideas about particles to describe the changes that happen when a liquid
boils to form a gas.
(3)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A0920*
Turn over
(b) Dewar invented a special flask for storing liquid oxygen in the laboratory.
It was designed to reduce heat flow from the air outside to the liquid oxygen inside.
The flask had two glass walls with a vacuum between them.
The inside glass surfaces were each covered with a thin layer of shiny metal.
The diagram shows a cross section of the flask.
glass walls
shiny surfaces
vacuum
liquid oxygen
(i) Explain how the shiny surfaces reduce the thermal energy transferred to the
liquid oxygen from the laboratory.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Explain how the vacuum reduces the thermal energy transferred to the liquid
oxygen from the laboratory.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
*P41560A01020*
(c) Dewars flask did not have a lid when it was holding liquid oxygen.
Suggest why a lid was not needed.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A01120*
11
Turn over
4 A lorry carries a load of hot asphalt a runny mixture of small stones and tar.
load
(a) The mass of the lorry and its load is 17 000 kg.
The velocity is 13 m/s.
(i) State the equation linking momentum, mass and velocity.
(1)
(ii) Calculate the total momentum of the lorry and its load.
(2)
12
*P41560A01220*
(b) The lorry stops suddenly and the load slides to the front, as shown below.
load
force A
force B
Force A and force B are upward forces from the road on the lorry.
(i) Use ideas about momentum to explain why the load slides to the front when
the lorry stops suddenly.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Use ideas about moments to explain why force B increases when the load
slides to the front.
(3)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A01320*
13
Turn over
(c) The force on the road from one of the tyres is 53 000 N.
The pressure of the air in this tyre is 390 kPa.
(i) State the equation linking pressure, force and area.
(1)
(ii) Calculate the area of this tyre in contact with the road.
(2)
Area = ................................................. m2
(Total for Question 4 = 11 marks)
14
*P41560A01420*
5 A student has some LEDs connected in a circuit. They emit light of different colours.
(a) (i) The different colours of light are waves which must have
(1)
A the same amplitude in free space
B the same frequency in free space
C the same speed in free space
D the same wavelength in free space
(ii) When an LED is on, it shows that
(1)
A there must be alternating current in the circuit
B there must be a current in the circuit
C there is a fault in the LED
D a fuse has blown
*P41560A01520*
15
Turn over
(i) The student uses a voltmeter to measure the voltage across the LED.
Add this voltmeter to the circuit diagram.
(2)
(ii) The student gradually increases the voltage across the LED and records the
minimum voltage at which the LED emits light.
The results for some different LEDs are shown in the table.
16
Minimum voltage in V
Red
1.7
Blue
3.6
Yellow
2.1
Orange
2.0
Green
3.0
*P41560A01620*
*P41560A01720*
17
Turn over
18
*P41560A01820*
Voltage = ................................................. V
(ii) The generator output voltage is then increased to 132 kV for transmission.
Explain why electrical energy is transmitted using very high voltages.
(4)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P41560A01920*
19
Turn over
(ii) Explain why the d.c. from the generator must be changed to a.c. before it is
transmitted.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
*P41560A02020*