January 2008 APWA Reporter

AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION • JANUARY 2008 • www.apwa.
net
Public Works:
Fulfilling a critical role in
emergency planning and response
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January
2008
Vol. 75, No. 1
The APWA Reporter, the official magazine of

the American Public Works Association, covers
all facets of public works for APWA members
including industry news, legislative actions,
management issues and emerging technologies.
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ISSUE

I N S I D E A P W A
4 President’s Message
8 Technical Committee News
10 Snow professionals heading to Louisville
16 Being First: Two First-Timers Meeting experiences
20 Public Works DIVAs: Dynamic, Intelligent, Victorious, Accomplished
22 SCRC spotlight on the Kansas Road Scholar Program
24 APWA Book Review
15
26 Index to 2007 articles
32 New APWA staff
C O L U M N S
6 Washington Insight
33 Recipes for Success
35 International Idea Exchange
50 Ask Ann
F E A T U R E S
16
36 Public Works Working Group: Working to benefit the profession
39 Evacuations
41 Full-scale mock disaster event in Beloit, Wisconsin
44 Cascading infrastructure failures and you!
46 Care for employees
48 Public Works Mutual Aid: Who needs it and why
W O R K Z O N E
42 52 WorkZone: Your Connection to Public Works Careers
M A R K E T P L A C E
57 Products in the News

58 Professional Directory
C A L E N D A R
19 Education Calendar
60 World of Public Works Calendar
44 Index of Advertisers
60
On the cover: New York City Sanitation Department street sweepers played a major role in
picking up tons of debris following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on 9/11. January 2008 APWA Reporter 3
(Photo by Kathy Dawkins, Director of Public Information, and John Pampolone, Assistant
Director of Public Information, New York City Sanitation Department)
Public Works ignored:
Time to look in the mirror?
Larry W. Frevert, P.E.
APWA President
uring the recent wildfires In January 2005, then-APWA Presi-

in California, Governor dent Tom Trice challenged all APWA
Schwarzenegger in a public members to “make some noise and
address thanked firefighters, let these officials know who we are
Official Magazine of the
police officers, emergency medical and what we do,” because we “have American Public Works Association
personnel and volunteers involved always been the invisible first re-
PUBLISHER
in the efforts to fight the fires. Sadly, sponder at the scene of many emer- American Public Works Association
public works was conspicuously ab- gencies.” Has APWA heeded that 2345 Grand Blvd., Suite #700
Kansas City, MO 64108-2625
sent from the listing of agencies that advice? More importantly, have (800) 848-APWA (Member Services Hotline)
he formally recognized. members individually taken action (816) 472-6100 (Kansas City metro area)
locally? FAX (816) 472-1610
It goes without saying though that e-mail: reporter@apwa.net
Website: www.apwa.net
public works personnel were instru- Many of our Emergency Manage-
mental in ensuring the availability ment Committee members have EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Peter B. King
of water to fight the fires, ensuring been invited to participate in emer-
EDITOR
fire trucks were available to put in gency management training, meet- R. Kevin Clark
service, protecting critical infra- ings and workgroups with other first
GRAPHIC DESIGNER
structure, establishing and operating responders to share information on Julie Smith
evacuation routes and perimeters to the role of public works in emergen- ADVERTISING SALES
protect evacuees, and clearing debris cy operations. Without exception, each Amanda Daniel R. Kevin Clark
from roadways. We know the key of the committee members has been Erin Ladd Kansas City Liaison
Jennifer Wirz (800) 848-APWA
role we play, but others don’t. told by emergency managers, fire and (800) 800-0341
law enforcement representatives across APWA WASHINGTON OFFICE
Thanks to the leadership of our staff the nation that they have been unable 1401 K. Street NW, 11th floor
at APWA, a letter was sent to the gov- to get their local public works personnel Washington, D.C. 20005
ernor and the mayor of each of the interested in participating in meetings
(202) 408-9541 FAX (202) 408-9542
impacted communities offering as- and training opportunities back home. Disclaimer: The American Public Works Association
sistance and reminding them of the assumes no responsibility for statements and/or
Knowing that we have so much to opinions advanced by either editorial or advertising
presence of public works in fighting bring to the table to benefit our com- contributors to this issue. APWA reserves the right
the fires and protecting the commu- munities, why are we not coming to to refuse to publish and to edit manuscripts
to conform to the APWA Reporter standards.
nities in which they reside. All other the table?
mayors of California cities (470 in Publisher’s Notice: The APWA Reporter, January
2008, Vol. 75, No. 1 (ISSN 0092-4873; Publications
all) received communications from All public works agencies are required Agreement No. 40040340). The APWA Reporter is
APWA as a reminder of the critical to be substantially compliant with published monthly by the American Public Works
role public works plays in emergency the National Incident Management Association, 2345 Grand Boulevard, Suite 700,
Kansas City, MO 64108-2625. Subscription rate is
planning and response. In addition, System requirements in order to $155 for nonmembers and $25 for chapter-spon-
letters were sent to all APWA mem- stay eligible for federal grants. There sored students. Periodicals postage paid at Kansas
City, MO and additional mailing offices. POSTMAS-
bers in California providing them really is no justifiable reason for us TER: Send address changes to the APWA Reporter,
with information on FEMA reim- to not only accept invitations to be 2345 Grand Boulevard, #700, Kansas City, MO
bursement procedures and offering at the table, but to be pushing our 64108-2625. Canada returns to: Station A, P.O. Box
54, Windsor, ON N9A 6J5.
assistance to them as well. way in to ensure that our people and
Reprints and Permissions: Information is available at
agencies are appropriately trained www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter/guidelines.asp.
While we struggle with trying to and available to participate in the
understand why it is so difficult for protection and emergency responses
© 2008 by American Public Works Association
public works to get recognized for in our communities. Address Change?
the work that we do in responding to To alert us of a change to your membership record,
contact an APWA Membership Specialist at (800)
emergency situations in our commu- The APWA staff in Washington, D.C. 848-APWA or membership@apwa.net.
nities, we have to ask ourselves: Does continues to be in active communica- The APWA Reporter is printed by Harmony Printing
some of the responsibility lie at our tion with federal agency staff, congres- & Development Co., Liberty, MO.
door? Is it time to look in the mirror? sional staff and members of Congress
4 APWA Reporter January 2008

to educate them on the role of public with staff, were very impressed with the we need is for each APWA member to
works and how APWA members can help FEMA Administrator’s personal knowl- take an active role in emergency man-
on both the national and local efforts in edge of the MOU’s content. agement planning and training locally
protecting and responding in our juris- and take every opportunity to let your
dictions. These efforts were exemplified Administrator Paulison understood and communities know the role of public
with the signing of a Memorandum of was sensitive to our concern that no works in emergency response.
Understanding between APWA and the APWA members were included on the
Federal Emergency Management Agency recently appointed FEMA National Ad- This month’s APWA Reporter focuses on
at Congress last September. visory Council. He acknowledged the emergency management with such top-
unintended oversight and promised to ics as mutual aid agreements, update on
give consideration to our nominations credentialing and resource typing, cas-
for the Regional Advisory Councils in cading infrastructure, and training and
2008. So far, we have recommended exercising. A three-part Click, Listen &
four members who have shown interest Learn Emergency Preparedness Series
towards serving in that capacity. Also, as is underway with the second session
a follow-up to our visit to Louisiana in taking place January 31. If you missed
February, we shared the concern of our the first program, “Before the Disaster:
New Orleans members regarding FEMA’s Training and Exercise,” a CD-ROM of
APWA President Larry Frevert (front right) interaction with local public works offi- the program will be available through
discusses the role of public works officials cials in that community. As a result, Mr. the APWA Bookstore.
with FEMA Administrator David Paulison
Paulison agreed to have a member of his
(front left). Also pictured are (clockwise from I want to encourage all of our members
Mr. Paulison) APWA Immediate Past President staff provide the program and respond
to audience questions when the Loui- to educate yourselves on the role of
Bill Verkest, APWA staff members Dan Jensen
and Jim Fahey, FEMA staff members Amy siana Chapter holds their meeting later public works as first responders and, if
Humphreys and Aaron Walker, and APWA Past this month on January 10. you haven’t already, to make plans to
President Bob Freudenthal. establish a relationship with other first
The signing of the MOU at Congress Members of the Emergency Manage- responders in your jurisdictions.
was ceremonial. The real discussion ment Committee and others continue
to represent the APWA membership on In the meantime, thank you for all you
with FEMA occurred in July when your do for APWA and for your service daily
Executive Committee and APWA staff such working groups and committees
as the Homeland Security Consortium, to the public works profession.
met with FEMA Administrator David
Paulison and his staff in his Washing- National Incident Management Con-
ton, D.C. office. President Verkest and sortium, IAFC Mutual Aid Task Force,
Past President Freudenthal and I, along Presidential Senior Advisory Commit-
tee, SAFECOM and Credentialing. What
AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION
Mission Statement: The American Public Works Association serves its members by
promoting professional excellence and public awareness through education, advocacy
and the exchange of knowledge.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS ADVISORY COUNCIL
PRESIDENT DIRECTOR, REGION IV DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, (Past APWA Presidents)
Larry W. Frevert, P.E. Shelby P. LaSalle, Jr. ENGINEERING &
National Program Director/ Chairman and CEO TECHNOLOGY William A. Verkest, Chair
Public Works Krebs, LaSalle, LeMieux Patty Hilderbrand, P.E.
HDR Engineering, Inc. Consultants, Inc. Program Management & Robert Albee Erwin F. Hensch Michael R. Pender
Kansas City, MO Metairie, LA Development Manager
City of Kansas City, MO Roger K. Brown Robert S. Hopson Richard L. Ridings
PRESIDENT-ELECT DIRECTOR, REGION V
Noel C. Thompson Larry T. Koehle, P.Eng. DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Myron D. Calkins Ronald W. Jensen John J. Roark
Consultant President ENVIRONMENTAL
Thompson Resources L&N Consulting MANAGEMENT Joseph F. Casazza Dwayne Kalynchuk Harold E. Smith
Louisville, KY Brampton, ON George Crombie
Secretary of Natural Resources Nick W. Diakiw Martin J. Manning June Rosentreter Spence
PAST PRESIDENT DIRECTOR, REGION VI State of Vermont
William A. Verkest, P.E. Larry Stevens, P.E. Waterbury, VT Robert C. Esterbrooks James L. Martin Tom Trice
Texas Municipal Program SUDAS Director
Manager Iowa State University DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Jerry M. Fay James J. McDonough Win Westfall
HDR Engineering, Inc. Ames, IA FLEET & FACILITIES
Arlington, TX MANAGEMENT Bob Freudenthal Robert Miller Carl D. Wills
DIRECTOR, REGION VII Ken A. Nerland
DIRECTOR, REGION I R. LeRoy Givens, P.E. Director, General Services Dept. Herbert A. Goetsch Lambert C. Mims
Jean-Guy Courtemanche Vice President & Senior City of Fresno, CA
Business Development Project Manager J. Geoffrey Greenough Judith M. Mueller
Lumec, Inc. Bohannan Huston, Inc. DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,
Boisbriand, QC Corrales, NM PUBLIC WORKS Ken Haag Ronald L. Norris
MGMT./LEADERSHIP
DIRECTOR, REGION II DIRECTOR, REGION VIII Diane Linderman, P.E. Executive Director
Ed Gottko, P.E. Ann Burnett-Troisi Director, Urban Infrastructure
Town Administrator (retired) Governmental Liaison for Peter B. King
and Development
Town of Westfield, NJ Pacific Bell (retired) VHB, Inc. Executive Director Emeritus
San Diego, CA Richmond, VA
DIRECTOR, REGION III Robert D. Bugher
Elizabeth Treadway DIRECTOR, REGION IX DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,
Vice President Doug Drever TRANSPORTATION Editorial Advisory Board
AMEC Earth & Environmental Manager of Strategic Services John Okamoto
Greensboro, NC City of Saskatoon, SK Myron D. Calkins Neil S. Grigg Stephen J. O Neill
Chief Administrative Officer
Port of Seattle Gordon R. Garner Susan M. Hann Kyle E. Schilling
Seattle, WA
January 2008 APWA Reporter 5

Your New Year’s Emergency Management
Resolution: Helping me help you!
Dan Jensen
Government Affairs Manager
APWA Washington Office
n the short two and a half years that I have worked for cessful in the future. And as many of you know, it is not an
the American Public Works Association, I have had the easy task.
dubious honor of being witness to several devastating di-
sasters that have changed this nation and the way we pre- I am not telling you this to elicit your sympathy—far from
pare for and respond to future catastrophic events. Indeed, if it, in fact. I absolutely love what I do, and I love being on the
forefront of the changes in emergency management, and
anything can be considered a silver-lining when it comes to
having a hand in the events that help change destinies. OK,
catastrophes, it is that people come together to try and learn
so I’m making it sound a little more romantic than it actu-
from their mistakes.
ally is. But the point I’m trying to make is that I believe in
One of the processes that I have come to be a part of here what I do. What’s more, I believe in what I’m doing for pub-
in Washington, and one that is directly related to my duties lic works professionals. I have made your cause my own.
within this association, is learning to engage the political
But I can’t fight for this cause alone. I need your help.
machine as a means to ensure that public works profession-
als are better prepared for disasters, and that they are given As most of you know, there are many other players—some
the resources they need, be it funding or training, to be suc- much more recognizable than public works—when it comes
to the field of first responders. Some of these groups, includ-
ing fire, police and rescue personnel, are our friends. We are
Distinctive Strengths. all interdependent on one another, and it is impossible to

envision a first response to disaster with any piece of this
United Goals. great machine missing. Yet we, as a body of public works
professionals across the country, struggle in a constant up-
hill battle for recognition from our local, state and national
elected officials. These are the people who write the laws
that authorize funds, training, interoperability, response
plans, etc. You get the picture.
Yes, we have had some great successes. We have Presidential

recognition (see Homeland Security Presidential Directive –
HSPD-8), and have been given prominent roles in national
groups and coalitions dedicated to educating legislators
about the role of first responders. But we have so much fur-
ther to go.
As people who value freedom, we believe in the power of

the vote. We’ve been doing it since the age of 18. One of the
greatest hallmarks of a free society is the ability to elect lead-
ers and representatives that will serve our own interests—be
they personal or professional. Most of us have voted at least
once, and many of us treat it with an almost sacred sanctity.
Voting is what separates us from the tyrannies of the past,
and allows us to control our own destinies. It is the ultimate
Engineering, Planning, Code Enforcement, Landscape Architecture, Building and
freedom of expression. Here I go being romantic again.
Safety, Construction Management, Financial and Economic Consulting, Geotechnical
Engineering, Material Testing and Inspection, Homeland Security and Public Safety. Yet, why is it that most of us limit our civic participation to
Willdan Administrative Office: 800/424-9144 www.willdan.com the casting of a vote at the ballot box in November? Cer-
MuniFinancial: 800/755-MUNI (6864) www.muni.com
Arroyo Geotechnical: 714/634-3318 www.arroyogeotechnical.com tainly there are other ways to shape our destinies when it
American Homeland Solutions: 877/818-5621 www.americanhomelandsolutions.com
comes to the way we are governed, right? Absolutely there

are. Unfortunately, most of us are under the impression that In a time when it is more important than ever to get public
to become more involved, one must dedicate hours on a works professionals the recognition they deserve so that they
campaign, spend time making endless phone calls or watch can be better prepared for future disaster, you better believe
C-Span on the weekend. And yes, while some of these activi- we’ll do all it takes to make sure we’re not forgotten.
ties would make your high school civics teacher (and me)
But apart from our efforts here on the APWA staff, you can
proud, most of us lack the time to carry them out. However,
do more as well. Develop relationships with your elected of-
I’m saying to you that there is a way.
ficials before the next disaster. Make sure they know what
Becoming involved does not necessarily require much more you do. Introduce yourself. Stop by their office and get to
of your already scarce time. For starters, I’m here in Wash- know the staff. And if you don’t have time for that, write a
ington along with several other experienced and dedicated letter. And if you don’t have time for that, let us know! We
APWA staffers to do most of the so-called dirty work for you. have a ton of letters you can use for templates. We honestly
We just need to be privy to the issues that concern you. Don’t want to help. The bottom line is that public works as a pro-
count on the fact that someone else might do it, because fession needs everyone to be engaged. We don’t have shiny
that someone else is probably thinking the same thing. If badges or beautiful red trucks, but we have people who un-
it’s a federal issue, we can get involved on your behalf. If it’s derstand every angle of emergency management.
local, we can guide you. Elected officials are far more willing Let’s use this New Year to make ourselves heard. Let’s go
to listen to us when they know one of their constituents— the extra mile. Let’s lengthen our stride. Together, with
you—is behind the call to action. enough perseverance, we can change the world for the bet-
Recently, after the California wildfires, APWA sent out a mes- ter. I know… I’m being romantic again. But I’ve found that
in being optimistic, others will become convinced to our
sage to our California members letting them know what they
cause. What better way to heed our own suggestion to “be
can do and where they can go to get the help they need. Part
prepared” for the next disaster than to prepare ourselves in
of those instructions mentioned going to elected officials for
every way? I’m excited about it. Are you?
help. In the same way ordinary citizens come together after
an emergency, legislators bond with those they represent as Dan Jensen can be reached at (202) 218-6734 or djensen@apwa.net.
well. Some may consider that pandering. Well, you bet it is!
Take Your and Your Staff’s Professional Development to the Next

Level by Participating in one of APWA’s Certification Programs.
Certified Public Infrastructure Inspector (CPII) Certified Public Fleet Professional (CPFP)
October 18, 2008, Orlando, Florida April 12, 2008, Louisville, Kentucky
Eligibility Application Deadline: July 21, 2008 Eligibility Application Deadline: January 14, 2008
August 16, 2008, New Orleans, Louisiana

Eligibility Application Deadline: May 19, 2008
For more information about APWA certification programs, visit http://www.apwa.net/certification/

or contact Becky Stein, APWA Certification Manager, at (816) 595-5212 or bstein@apwa.net.

APWA Emergency Management Committee:
Representing public works at the national level
Teresa Hon, Technical Services Program Manager, APWA, Kansas City, Missouri
Dan Jensen, Government Affairs Manager, APWA, Washington, D.C.
enters of expertise” may be a bit of an under- The International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) Board of
statement when you look at what the members Directors authorized the IAFC Mutual Aid Task Force to
of the Emergency Management Committee are develop a National Fire Service Mutual Aid System. David
involved in on behalf of APWA. In addition Himes has been participating in this process (at the invi-
to providing testimony in Washington, D.C., conducting tation of IAFC) as an observer, in hopes that public works
state, regional and international training, planning work- officials will mirror the efforts of the fire chiefs.
shop sessions for APWA’s Congress, and locating authors
for this issue of the Reporter, committee members serve on The primary goal of the Congressional Hazards Cau-
a variety of national committees and task forces. All this is cus Alliance is to develop a wider understanding within
done in their spare time and with no additional compensa- Congress that reducing the risks and costs of natural disas-
tion from their employers. ters, as well as man-made hazards, is a public value. Larry
Zensinger is APWA’s representative to the Alliance that
The six volunteer members of the committee are Chair Te-
works to educate congressional members and staff about
resa Scott (City of Gainesville, FL), Larry Zensinger (Dew-
the costs of these disasters to their districts and states, and
berry, Fairfax, VA), Christine Walsh (City of Beloit, WA),
the benefits their constituents will realize through greater
Brian Usher (City of Largo, FL), David Himes (City of Nash-
efforts to understand, prevent and mitigate all hazards.
ville, TN), and Curt Edwards (Psomas, San Diego, CA). Dan
Jensen serves as the advocacy liaison in the APWA office in Brian Usher sits on the NFPA Professional Qualifi-
Washington, D.C. Teresa Hon is the staff liaison and works cations Committee. The mission of the international
in the Kansas City office. nonprofit National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is
Following is a brief description of the consortiums, com- to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other hazards
mittees and task forces on which these committee mem- on the quality of life by providing and advocating consen-
bers represent public works and APWA: sus codes and standards, research, training and education.
NFPA membership totals more than 79,000 individuals
The National Homeland Security Consortium is a from around the world and more than 80 national trade
unique coalition of key state and local organizations, elect- and professional organizations, including APWA.
ed officials, private sector employees and others with roles
and responsibilities for homeland security prevention, pre- The NIMS Upgrade Working Group is made up of
paredness, and response and recovery activities. Christine stakeholders from first responder groups, safety and private
Walsh serves on the National Homeland Security Con- sector members who meet semi-annually to discuss the Na-
sortium, which is an outgrowth of discussions regarding tional Incident Management System (NIMS) and direct the
the need for enhanced communication and coordination course of any proposed changes. Teresa Scott is APWA’s
between disciplines and levels of government. The Con- representative on the working group.
sortium is a recognized entity by the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security. The newly-created EMAC Advisory Board was created to
facilitate the effective integration of multi-discipline emer-
Brian Usher represents APWA and public works as a par- gency response assets for nationwide mutual aid through
ticipant in the National Fire Incident Management the Emergency Management Assistance Compact. Larry
System Consortium (NFIMSC). The NFIMSC is an or-
Zensinger serves on the Board as APWA’s representative.
ganization of fire service professionals whose goal was to
merge the two most popular incident command systems Two members of the committee, Teresa Scott and Larry
used by the American fire service (the Fire Ground Com- Zensinger, as well as APWA members Mary Anderson
mand System and the Incident Command System) into a (City of Highland Park, IL) and Ken Hill (City of Tulsa,
single common system. OK) serve on the Universal Task List (HSPD-8, Tar-

geted Capabilities List). The purpose of HSPD-8 is to federal emergency response agencies working to improve
“establish policies to strengthen the preparedness of the emergency response through more effective and efficient
United States to prevent and respond to threatened or ac- interoperable wireless communications.
tual domestic terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other
Judy Mueller (City of Charlottesville, VA) serves on the
emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards
Presidential Senior Advisory Committee or, as it is
preparedness goal, establishing mechanisms for improved
known officially, the Emergency Services, Law Enforcement,
delivery of federal preparedness assistance to state and lo-
and Public Health and Hospitals Senior Advisory Commit-
cal governments, and outlining actions to strengthen pre-
tee. Established by Executive Order 13260 of March 19,
paredness capabilities of federal, state, and local entities.”
2002, the purpose of this committee is to provide the Presi-
The Emergency Management Committee also receives re- dent’s Homeland Security Advisory Council with advice on
ports from APWA members who serve on other national increasing America’s security from experts representing the
committees. nation’s emergency response community.
Jeff Wilson (Wilson, Miller, Inc., Fort Myers, FL) is AP- As you can see, there are many instances where the Emer-
WA’s newly-appointed representative to the SAFECOM gency Management Committee or designees are represent-
program which was established by the Office of Manage- ing public works and APWA at the national level. If you
ment and Budget (OMB) and approved by the President’s would like more information on any of these groups or
Management Council (PMC) as a high-priority E-Gov programs, feel free to contact our office.
initiative. More specifically, SAFECOM is a communica-
Dan Jensen can be reached at (202) 218-6734 or djensen@
tions program within the Office for Interoperability and
apwa.net; Teresa Hon can be reached at (816) 595-5224 or
Compatibility (OIC) that provides research, development,
thon@apwa.net.
testing and evaluation, guidance, tools, and templates on
communications-related issues to local, tribal, state and
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Snow professionals heading to Louisville
Plans are set for Snow Conference
Louisville, Kentucky
April 13 - 16, 2008
he North American Snow Conference, the premier Exhibits

event for snow and ice management, will take place The Snow Conference show floor just keeps getting better! For
April 13–16 at the Kentucky International Conven- the third year in a row, Snow Conference exhibitors will be
tion Center in Louisville, Kentucky. Hosted by AP- displaying heavy equipment and motorized vehicles. Come
WA’s Kentucky Chapter, the conference will bring together slam some doors, kick some tires, and see the latest and great-
more than 1,000 participants to learn about the latest inno- est in winter maintenance products and equipment from the
vations, successful practices, and strategies in winter opera- more than 120 participating companies. Visit www.apwa.net/
tions and snowfighting techniques. snow for a current list of this year’s exhibitors.
Host City: Louisville,
Kentucky
Situated on the banks of
the Ohio River, downtown
Louisville has undergone an
amazing transformation in
the past few years, includ-
ing an enhanced Waterfront
Park and Fourth Street Live!,
a thriving restaurant, enter-
tainment and retail district
just blocks from the official Attendees check out the vehicles and equipment at last year’s Snow
Snow Conference hotels. Conference in St. Paul, Minnesota.
Just a short taxi ride away
Education
is the East End’s Bardstown
The Snow Conference education program includes great key-
Road district with more
note speakers and the always-popular Snow Conference Talk
The Louisville Slugger Museum great restaurants and night
and Factory (courtesy of the Louis- life. Also within walking Show, as well as more than 40 education sessions, roundta-
ville Convention & Visitors Bureau) bles and technical tours to choose from. This education pro-
distance of the downtown
gram will help you stay abreast of the latest state-of-the-art
hotels are several unique and fun museums—the Louisville
practices and procedures in snow and ice control and winter
Slugger Museum and Factory, the Muhammad Ali Center,
road maintenance. You’ll come away with specific ideas to
and the Frazier International History Museum, just to name
fine-tune your winter operations program.
a few. And of course, Louisville is the home of legendary and
historic Churchill Downs and the Kentucky Derby. Technical Tours
The Snow Conference exhibits, education sessions, and on- The morning of Wednesday, April 16, is dedicated entirely
site registration will be located at the Kentucky International to the technical tour program. There is no additional cost,
Convention Center. Special APWA room rates are available but space is limited so be sure to check the appropriate box
at the official Snow Conference hotels—the Marriott Lou- on your registration form if you plan to participate.
isville Downtown and the Galt House Hotel & Suites, both
located within walking distance of the convention center
Tour 1: Airport Snow Removal Equipment
and connected by pedway. Held at the Louisville Regional Airport Authority’s main-
tenance facility, this tour will highlight a variety of snow
For more information about Louisville, visit the Louisville removal equipment utilized to remove snow from the run-
Convention & Visitors Bureau website at www.GoToLouis- ways and taxiways at Louisville International Airport. The
ville.com.
Continued on p. 15

Join more than 1,000 public works professionals from streets, roads, and Not only does the Snow Conference have the best variety of vendors, it also
transportation departments from all across the Snow Belt of the U.S. and features the best technical and educational program out there with dynamic
Canada. It’s the only place you’ll find this much experience and knowledge of keynote speakers and more than 40 education sessions, roundtables, and
snow fighting and winter road maintenance under one roof. technical tours to choose from. This education program will help you stay
abreast of the latest state-of-the-art practices and procedures in snow & ice
The American Public Works Association is the public works community’s top control and winter road maintenance. You’ll come away with specific ideas to
resource for information and expertise on winter operations. APWA’s Snow fine-tune your winter operations program.
Conference combines four days of quality education programs and technical
tours with opportunities to network with manufacturers, distributors, Come get informed, inspired, and motivated at the
consultants and other public works professionals. 48th annual North American Snow Conference!
The Snow Conference exhibit floor just keeps getting better! More than 120
companies will showcase everything you need in equipment, technology,
products and services for snow & ice removal and winter operations. Visit
www.apwa.net/snow for a current list of this year’s exhibitors.
American Public Works Association Presents:
2008 APWA North American Snow Conference
April 13 - 16, 2008
Kentucky International Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky

Hosted by the Kentucky Chapter of APWA
Sunday, April 13 Tuesday, April 15
General Sessions & Keynote Speakers
Opening General Session Closing General Session
Catching a Second Wind How to Succeed, Stay Sane, and Have
Speaker: John Cassis Fun at Work: A Survival Guide for the
Motivation, management and
Road Weary
building a winning team often
Speaker: David Rabiner
become simple steps when the
Too much work? Testy
situation is viewed with an accurate
constituents? Office politics?
perspective. John shares humorous
Nasty commute? In his most
stories and ideas on how to sit
popular program, the closing
back, take a deep breath and
speaker, David Rabiner, shows how
“Catch a Second Wind” while
small shifts in attitude can make
turning life’s challenges into
big differences in our success,
opportunities. Attendees will gain a renewed sense of passion and
emotional well-being, and the
purpose for their work, which is crucial in building an effective team
amount of fun we have at work.
environment.
Men and women in the public sector, whether department heads or
front-line supervisors, have all raved that this program is not only
With his diverse background, John is a modern-day renaissance
great fun, it gives them tools they can use immediately to get along
man. He played baseball for the California Angels organization,
better with just about everyone.
was the inspirational speaker for the Chicago Bears from 1983-95,
served as minister to a small church in Colorado, addressed issues
David Rabiner is a speaker and trainer based in Portland, Oregon.
of world hunger as director of special projects for World Relief and
Since 1993, he has worked with more than 1,600 groups in 44
became a professional golfer in 2002.
states and 12 countries. His client list includes more than 300 city,
county, and other government agencies and the associations that
Monday, April 14
represent them. As a former city and county employee in Oregon,
General Session “Talk Show” he knows firsthand the challenges of navigating public politics,
Weathering the Storm – Don’t Go Out maintaining goodwill with demanding citizens, and leading and
Unprepared managing public sector employees.
Talk Show Host: Allison Martin, Mayor’s Office, Louisville,
KY
Talk Show Guests: Diana Clonch, Ohio Department of Exhibit Dates & Hours
Transportation, Columbus, OH; Greg Hicks, Metro Louisville Sunday, April 13
Public Works and Assets, Louisville, KY; Jonathon Gano, City 5:00 – 7:00 p.m.
of Springfield, MO; Bruce McPhail, City of Winnipeg, MB;
Larry Schneider, City of Ft. Collins, CO Monday, April 14
9:00 a.m. – 3:30 p.m.
This year’s “talk show” features panelists who have seen their share
of extreme winter weather storms as well as crossed paths with the Tuesday, April 15
media during or after the storms. Attend this interactive session to 8:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.
find out about cutting-edge communication with citizens and media
during winter weather. Find out what actions were taken in these
major storm events and the lessons learned. Hear strategies and
realistic expectations of snow removal. Come armed with questions
for the panelists.
www.apwa.net/snow
11:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. How to Succeed, Stay Sane, and Have Fun
Snow Conference at a Glance

Lunch on the Exhibit Floor at Work: A Survival Guide for the Road
Weary
April 13 12:30 – 1:30 p.m.
Roundtable Discussions 5:30 p.m.
2:30 − 3:30 p.m.
Education Sessions
2:00 – 3:00 p.m. Buses depart for Kentucky
Education Sessions Derby Night at Churchill
Cold, Hard Facts: Count the Costs of Deicing
Downs
Materials 3:00 – 3:30 p.m.
RWIS Development in Kentucky Refreshment Break on the
ODOT District 4 MPT – The Ultimate Snow & Exhibit Floor
Ice Fighting Machine 3:30 – 4:30 p.m.
3:45 – 5:00 p.m. Education Sessions April 16
Opening General Session
Catching a Second Wind 8:00 – 11:00 a.m.
5:00 – 7:00 p.m. Technical Tours
Exhibit Opening & Welcome
Reception Tour 1
April 15 Airport Snow Removal Equipment
Tuesday Exhibit Hours:
8:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. Tour 2
Louisville Underground
7:30 – 8:30 a.m.
April 14 Donuts & Dialogue
Start your day with a selection of
great education sessions accompanied
Exhibit Hours: by donuts and coffee.
9:00 a.m. – 3:30 p.m.
8:30 – 9:30 a.m.
7:30 – 9:00 a.m. Coffee Break on the
General Session “Talk Show” Exhibit Floor
Weathering the Storm – Don’t Go Out
9:30 – 10:30 a.m.
Unprepared
Education Sessions
9:00 – 10:00 a.m.
Coffee Break on the 10:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.
Exhibit Floor Non-compete Exhibit Time
10:00 – 11:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m. – 12:00 noon
Education Sessions Lunch on the Exhibit Floor
10:00 – 11:15 a.m. 12:30 – 1:30 p.m.
Education Sessions Education Sessions
1:45 – 2:45 p.m.
11:15 a.m. – 2:00 p.m.
Education Sessions
Non-compete Exhibit Time
3:00 – 4:15 p.m.
Closing General Session
!PRIL¬ ¬¬s¬+ENTUCKY¬)NTERNATIONAL¬#ONVENTION¬#ENTER¬,OUISVILLE¬+ENTUCKY

Conference Location Note: There are a limited number of rooms available in the APWA group block for the
General information
night of Saturday, April 12 due to the Thunder Over Louisville event. Once the block sells
and Hotels out, your rate may be much higher for Saturday night.
Exhibits, education sessions, and onsite If you will be arriving in Louisville on Saturday, plan to arrive in the morning or as early
registration will be located at the Kentucky in the afternoon as possible. Traffic will be heavy all day, with street closings near the
International Convention Center. riverfront beginning early afternoon and highway closings before the fireworks begin.
Special APWA room rates are available at Marriott Louisville Downtown Galt House Hotel & Suites
the official Snow Conference hotels – the (across the street from convention center, (four blocks from convention center,
Marriott Louisville Downtown and the Galt connected by pedway) connected by pedway)
House Hotel & Suites, both located within 280 West Jefferson Street 140 North 4th Avenue
walking distance of the convention center Louisville, KY 40202 Louisville, KY 40202
and connected by pedway. APWA will not APWA Room Rate: $139 APWA Room Rate: $122 standard room or
be providing shuttle service. Cutoff Date: March 14, 2008 $132 executive suite
Toll Free: 800-533-0127 Cutoff Date: March 14, 2008
Make your hotel reservations early! Special Hotel Direct: 502-627-5045 Toll Free: 800-843-4258
APWA room rates are offered on a space Online: www.marriott.com/SDFLM Hotel Direct: 502-589-5200
available basis until March 14, 2008. Rates Group Code: apwapwa Online: www.galthouse.com
do not include tax, currently 15%. Group Number: 215794
Register before March 15 and save $50 on a full registration!
Full Registration includes entrance Exhibit floor passes are available for
into the exhibit hall, all education sessions Monday and Tuesday only and do not
and roundtables, Sunday reception on the include lunch.
exhibit floor, Monday and Tuesday lunch
Guest/Spouse Registrations are
on the exhibit floor, refreshment breaks,
available at a special rate, and include
the Tuesday evening Kentucky Derby
entrance into the exhibit hall and education
Night event at Churchill Downs, and the
sessions, plus the Tuesday evening Kentucky
Wednesday morning technical tour program.
Derby Night event.
One-Day Registrations are available
See the registration form for individual
for Sunday, Monday or Tuesday. Sunday
categories and rates. If your city has an
includes the reception on the exhibit floor.
APWA agency membership, please note that
Monday and Tuesday include lunch. Tuesday
individuals must be listed on your agency
does not include the Kentucky Derby Night
roster to receive the member registration
event, but you may purchase a ticket with
rates.
your registration.
You must have a full registration to
participate in the Wednesday technical tour
program.
Online registration is available at www.apwa.net/snow.
!PRIL¬ ¬¬s¬+ENTUCKY¬)NTERNATIONAL¬#ONVENTION¬#ENTER¬,OUISVILLE¬+ENTUCKY

airport is home to the all-points hub for United Parcel Ser-
vice (UPS), requiring staff at the airport authority to keep
the airfield open 24/7 for use by UPS. During this tour you
will see deicing equipment with 75-foot booms used to deice
the 150-foot-wide runways and 75-foot taxiways. Addition-
ally, you will come face to face with 22-foot-wide high-speed
snow brooms and plows. The plows are used for moving
large loads of snow from the airfield, while the brooms re-
move finer snow particles. Staff will be on hand to describe
how they keep the airport operational despite the most se-
vere snow and ice events that Mother Nature can dish out.
Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky (courtesy of the Louisville

Convention & Visitors Bureau)
Finally, if you happen to come to Louisville on Saturday,
April 12 (a day before the conference begins), be sure to take
in Thunder Over Louisville, the largest annual fireworks and
pyrotechnics display in North America—a full half-hour of
continuous fireworks lighting up the sky and set to music.
Group Discounts
Send 10 or more people from your agency and receive a flat
One of the snowplows at the Louisville Regional Airport Authority’s
one-day registration rate of $150 per person. Registrants
maintenance facility
must be employed by the same agency, but are not required
Tour 2: Louisville Underground to attend on the same day or to be members of APWA. This
Converted from an active limestone mine in the early special rate is not applicable to multiple days for any one
1970s, the Louisville Underground has developed into a person. One-day registrations are available for Sunday, Mon-
multifaceted facility that not only holds reserve salt storage day or Tuesday. Sunday includes the reception on the exhib-
for Louisville Metro Government and the State Highway De- it floor. Monday and Tuesday include lunch. Tuesday does
partment, but also stores original films from major motion not include the Kentucky Derby Night event, but you can
pictures and much more. This facility uses innovative struc- purchase tickets onsite for an additional cost. Preregistration
tural fill made of recycled materials to serve as foundations is required. Contact Brenda Shaver at bshaver@apwa.net or
for the four million square feet of underground storage. (816) 595-5240 if you would like to register a group.
Learn about the interesting history of the cavern system,
See pages 11-14 for more details on the conference or visit the
including details of a huge civil defense shelter used during
Snow Conference website at www.apwa.net/snow.
the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, as well as the innovative
thinking behind some upcoming enhancements.
Social Activities
There’s plenty of exciting social activities, too. The Kentucky
Chapter will welcome you to Louisville and the Snow Con-
ference with an opening reception on the exhibit floor on
Sunday afternoon. On Tuesday evening a special event is
offered—Kentucky Derby Night at Churchill Downs. While
there won’t be any horses racing on the track that evening,
you’ll still have some fun with mock video racing.
If golf is on your mind, be sure to take part in the Kentucky

Chapter Golf Scramble on April 16 at Seneca Golf Course,
rated the sixth-toughest course in Kentucky and voted “Best
of Louisville” for several years running. Lunch will be at
noon with a 1:00 p.m. shotgun start. For more information
or to register, contact Brian Bobo at brian.bobo@hdrinc.com Fourth Street Live! (courtesy of the Louisville Convention & Visitors
Bureau)
or (502) 584-4118.

Being First: Two First-Timers
Meeting experiences
Rosemary Baltcha, Personnel Manager, Fresno County Department of Public Works, Fresno,
California, and member, APWA Diversity Committee; Rebecca Bilderback, P.E., Civil Engineer III,
City of Olathe, Kansas, and member, Women in Public Works Subcommittee
s reported in the November 2007 APWA Reporter, After putting my things down, I was off to perform my as-
the First-Timers Meeting was an unprecedented signed task.
success at this year’s APWA Congress in San Anto-
I also met Jennifer Adams, the incoming chair of the Diver-
nio. This year’s meeting broke the attendance re-
sity Committee, who was very energetic and gracious and
cord with over 340 new Congressgoers. The eleventh annual
was passing out stickers right next to me. The highlight of
meeting was once again coordinated by the Diversity Com-
my very pleasant task was a personal encounter with Larry
mittee and provided a valuable crash course to new Con-
Frevert, P.E., incoming APWA President. Mr. Frevert walked
gressgoers on the who, what, when, where and why of the
up as Jennifer and I passed out stickers. He knew Jennifer
APWA Congress activities. This month, first-time Congress
and introduced himself to me, not particularly taunting his
attendees Rosemary Baltcha, a new member of the Diversity
presidential status (in fact I didn’t even know), but more
Committee, and Rebecca Bilderback, a new member of the
so, he welcomed me and thanked me for performing my
Women in Public Works Subcommittee, describe their First-
particular task. To think the president of a national, world-
Timers Meeting experiences.
renowned organization like APWA would take the time to
Rosemary’s experience personally talk to me was yet another first.
Being first is often a very exciting experience. Of course this
Inside the breakfast itself everyone was abuzz. Augie Chang
depends on the event, but in most cases it is memorable. I
welcomed everyone to this First-Timers event and indicated
experienced a number of firsts when I attended the APWA
the purpose of the meeting was to promote a feeling of in-
International Public Works Congress & Exposition in Sep-
clusiveness for everyone attending the Congress, to assist
tember, beginning with the First-Timers Meeting breakfast
them in getting the greatest value from their experience, and
which I experienced from several different perspectives and
to provide them with helpful tips on navigating through the
ending with the Congress Reception and Banquet. I had an
shear vastness of the Congress itself. It was already work-
opportunity to personally interact with Kaye Sullivan, al-
ing for me and I felt somewhat enchanted by my whirlwind
though I had met her previously at a Chapter Leaders train-
morning. Augie thanked Rinker Materials/Hydro Conduit
ing event. As a member of the national Diversity Committee
for providing a delicious full breakfast for all of those in at-
I would actually be working with her on a regular basis. Kaye
tendance at the meeting.
is part wizard, part psychic and part princess. Due to my
previous, minimal contact with her, I was not a bit surprised
by her mystical and magical powers. As a new member of
the Diversity Committee, Kaye immediately sensed my con-
fusion and helped me to get settled by charging me with
my very first task—to pass out diversity stickers to first-time
Congress attendees and others who were attending the First-
Timers Meeting.
This was a rewarding experience because I got to briefly talk

to many newcomers and because it also presented some oth-
er special first encounters for me. I met for the first time—
although, again, we had phone conversations and a number
of e-mail encounters—Augie Chang, outgoing chair of the
Diversity Committee. I had been my chapter’s diversity li-
aison the prior year so we had occasion to speak. He gra- The First-Timers Meeting is a great occasion for new Congress
ciously invited me to sit at the Diversity Committee table. attendees to get to know one another.

Augie then introduced the members of the current Diversity
Committee; Diane Linderman, our liaison to the Board of
Directors; President Frevert; and last but certainly not least,
APWA’s Deputy Executive Director and staff liaison to the
national Diversity Committee, the answer lady, Ms. Kaye
Sullivan. I have found that if you ask Kaye she will answer,
figure out how, find the way, have a wonderful idea, or work
some other magic. Anyway it goes and however you look at
it, she will get it done or help you get it done. I was fortunate
enough to sit by her at the breakfast and have the opportu-
nity to watch her in action (also a first); she was amazing
in her ability to coordinate and make everything come to-
gether almost seamlessly.
As I sat there watching all the excitement in the room I no-

ticed these really cool APWA magnifying implements on
At the Diversity Brunch on Congress Tuesday, left to right: Jelynne
the table. I thought they were “freebies” so I immediately LeBlanc Burley, Deputy City Manager, City of San Antonio, Texas,
slipped one into my nice, new APWA bag. I heard Kaye as and featured speaker at the meeting; Deirdre Castillo, P.E., Senior
she moved around the room, making things work, express Engineer, City of Pocatello, Idaho; Larry Frevert, P.E., APWA President;
Rebecca Bilderback, P.E., Civil Engineer III, City of Olathe, Kansas; and
concern that one of her five door prizes was missing. I im- Augie Chang, Senior Project Manager, Psomas, San Diego, California,
mediately fessed up, feeling pretty silly and a little guilty. and former chair of the Diversity Committee
This is where the princess comes in—she was regal in her I have worked in the public works arena for more than 30
ability to take back her door prize and not make me feel any
years. I’ve hired engineers, fired engineers, coached and
worse. We even got a good laugh out of an embarrassing
counseled engineers, but I’ve never been an engineer. I
situation (not my first).
know what they are like as individuals and what it takes to
At the Diversity Committee meeting later that afternoon I work with them. I know their commitment to improving
was reluctant as I was attending my first committee meeting the infrastructure for all of us and giving us a better world to
and didn’t know what to expect. I met the other committee live in. But, it still made me a little apprehensive, at first, to
members and we talked about how we would move forward, be in an arena where they were the predominant force and
add value, and be productive as a committee. Fortunately, to not be one of them. I was actually the “evil” HR adversary
unlike me, there were a number of experienced and com- they so often shun.
petent members to lead this effort. President Frevert joined
This was also the case in my chapter, where I am the current
us and candidly and sincerely laid out his goals for the up-
vice-president. The only female officer, the only person of
coming year. His candor and sincerity, along with his very
“down to earth” attitude, made me even more eager for the color, and almost the only non-engineer, I fit right in. This
committee to have a positive and noticeable impact. I really in and of itself involved a myriad of firsts and plenty for
want this committee to do something to make Mr. Frevert me to deal with, but to top this off I somehow found my-
proud that he selected us as part of his team. self thrust into the national arena. I was on both a national
committee and a national subcommittee which provided
As I attended a number of Diversity Committee-sponsored many more firsts and more than I’d ever bargained for.
events and many others that were not, I was amazed at the
quality, dynamics, and practical information obtained at ev- Well, I’m here to tell you that all of these firsts have not only
ery session. The General Sessions brought me to tears, both fostered my growth, increased my abilities, and defined my
happy and sad, either because the message was so power- strengths but they have been rewarding from an emotional
fully poignant or incredibly funny, but either way it was an standpoint and have catapulted me into new heights that
extremely relevant message. The Diversity Brunch and the I never expected I would reach. I have been entrusted as a
Progressive Women in Public Works Breakfast were especially steward of my chapter, a representative for them at the na-
rewarding. I attended my first California Chapter’s dinner; tional level, and have now been asked to provide input on
several presidential (past, present and future) receptions; the issues that will have an impact nationally. A huge first.
Get Acquainted Party; and the grand finale, the Reception In closing, I must confess that I attended the Congress in
and Banquet—all firsts, all special. I met and talked to others Atlanta for one day, as a speaker, and then I left; sprinted
from different states, different countries, and with different would be a better description. I attended the Congress in
backgrounds, all friendly, helpful, but more importantly for San Antonio as a full registrant, as a national committee
me, all with a strong sense of public works and its importance member, as a representative of my chapter, and as a first-
to our everyday lives. They exemplify public works pride.

time Congress attendee—all firsts, all fulfilling, all reward- acquainted with the people around them. At my own table,
ing! I thank you APWA for the wake-up call! And, I was very I got to know a wide group of people including a project
sad to see the Congress end. Can’t wait for next year—see engineer from a consulting firm in Arizona, a commissioner
you in New Orleans. from New York and the president of a company in Nevada.
Rebecca's experience After the initial introductions, members of the Diversity

As a first-time APWA Congress attendee, I did not know Committee and the APWA Board of Directors provided an
what to expect at the Congress activities and the First-Tim- in-depth description of the Congress activities to get us up-
ers Meeting was no exception. Going into the meeting, I to-speed. We were informed that the daily General Sessions
expected to eat a continental breakfast, hear a ten-minute were open to all attendees and we were encouraged to at-
summary of the Congress and get to know the people seated tend them to hear each day’s unique motivational speaker.
at my table. Fortunately for me and the other first-timers, The daily educational sessions were described as an opportu-
the First-Timers Meeting delivered much, much more. nity for us to learn more about the topics of our choice. The
Thought Leader Sessions and Wednesday Technical Tours
The meeting began with an excellent buffet breakfast located were also discussed.
in the hallway outside of the meeting room. The potatoes and
scrambled eggs, both done up in southern style and spice, After the Congress activity presentations, we were directed
were my favorites. The strawberries and biscuits were irresist- to open the informational bag that we received at check-in.
ible too. Thank you Rinker Materials for the hospitality! The speaker then walked us through each handout in the
bag and explained them to us. As a first-time attendee at a
Walking into the room, I was greeted by Diversity Com- large conference, I appreciated the assistance in understand-
mittee members and given a diversity sticker. Once inside ing the treasure trove of information provided at check-in.
the already packed room, I was able to navigate to a nearly The most useful to me was the introduction to the conve-
full table at the perimeter of the room. During breakfast, nient At-a-Glance Congress session guide that provided the
the room was abuzz with chatter as the first-timers became time and room location for all of the Congress activities.
The final activity of the morning was the networking exer-
Order Custom Bulk cise that got everyone moving around the room and ensured
that we would get acquainted with more than just the peo-
Editorial Reprints ple sitting near us. The networking exercise provided each
first-timer a questionnaire to fill out. Each question pro-
vided a description and the objective was to move around
Now that you have the room and find a person who fit the description and get
been featured in the them to sign the questionnaire. The questionnaire included
APWA Reporter, why such fun questions as “Find someone who is the same age
as you.” The questionnaire provided a good way to get to
not leverage this know many different people and to learn interesting tidbits
opportunity to promote about them.
your product or service
As a first-time Congress attendee, I feel that the First-Timers
with custom reprints? Meeting was a valuable experience. Not only did I get a great
breakfast and a chance to meet new people, I learned about
Custom reprints are available in quantities of
the educational, motivational and networking opportunities
100 or more and are printed on high-quality, that the Congress provided and as a result was better able to
gloss-coated paper stock in black & white take full advantage of the conference. I highly recommend
or full color. Custom reprints make great that first-time attendees to the 2008 APWA Congress attend
handouts at trade shows, inserts for media kits this meeting for a great start to their Congress experience.
and direct mail pieces. Custom PDF’s are also To echo Augie Chang’s optimism in his Diversity Events up-
available for posting on your website. date in the November 2007 APWA Reporter, we should look
forward to an even greater First-Timers Meeting in New Or-
Call our reprint department at leans next year.
(800) 259-0470 for complete details.
Rosemary Baltcha can be reached at (559) 262-4371 or rbaltcha@
co.fresno.ca.us; Rebecca Bilderback can be reached at (913) 971-
9116 or RBilderback@olatheks.org.

or more information about these programs or to register online, visit www.apwa.net/Education.
Program information will be updated as it becomes available. Questions? Call the Education Department
at 1-800-848-APWA.
2008
10 Trenchless Technology
16-17 Advanced Construction Inspection Workshop – San Rafael, CA

January The BEST from the San Antonio Congress
17
”Aging Infrastructure” Litigation: How to Prevent It, How to Defeat It!
31 TARGET Emergency Preparedness #2: DURING the Disaster – Resource Management
7 The Black and White of Pavement #3: Construction of Quality Flexible and Rigid Pavements
7-8 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Phoenix, AZ
February 20-22 Public Fleet Management Workshop – San Jose, CA
21 Water—A Precious Resource in Diminished Supply
28-29 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Orlando, FL
6 Mastering the Media—Telling the Public Works Story Your Way!
March 10-12 Construction Inspection: A Review Workshop – Atlanta, GA
20 TARGET Emergency Preparedness #3: AFTER the Disaster – Reimbursement
3-4 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Seattle, WA
9-10 Symposium on Climate Change – Tempe, AZ
April 10-11 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Las Vegas, NV
13-16 North American Snow Conference – Louisville, KY
17 Innovative Funding—Getting to the End of the Rainbow
= Click, Listen, & Learn program = Web-Based training = Live Workshop
Advanced Construction Inspection

January 16-17 • San Rafael, CA
This workshop focuses on specialty skills to provide the experienced construction inspector with the professional
edge needed to handle bigger and more complex projects.
By attending this workshop, participants • List pre- and post-project responsibilities
will be better able to: • Organize documentation to minimize
• Negotiate and manage complex litigation risks
construction projects • Apply trenchless technology
• Supervise, plan and participate in special • Identify the impact and technology of
inspections and master the baseline concrete and asphalt
• Impact project time and accelerate • Employ hand-held devices
scheduling techniques
Speaker: Mario Maciel, Vice President CM, Manager
• Identify different types of contracts and
Northern Region, Harris & Associates, Concord, CA
the advantages of each

Public Works DIVAs: Dynamic, Intelligent,
Victorious, Accomplished
Four women tell how they “made it” in the public works profession
Cora Jackson Fossett
Director, Public Affairs Office
Department of Public Works
City of Los Angeles, California
ontrary to what some may think, it’s never been a
better time to be a woman in public works. At least
that’s the opinion of Brenda Herrman, a panelist
during the Progressive Women in Public Works ses-
sion at the 2007 Congress.
Herrman’s co-panelists agreed with that assessment as they

discussed their careers and keys to success with nearly 100
women and men attending the workshop. Currently Direc-
tor of Public Works in Hays, Kansas, Herrman shared the
dais with Patricia Biegler, Director of Public Works, Chesa-
peake, VA; Elia Twigg, Division Manager, Palm Bay, FL; and
Rachel Lazarus, retired Manager, Water and Sewer Author-
ity, Washington, D.C. All of the women traveled uncon-
ventional paths to reach fulfilling positions in the public The Professional Women in Public Works session was presented
by APWA’s Diversity Committee. Participants included (from left)
works field.
Cora Jackson Fossett, co-moderator; panelists Rachel Lazarus,
Brenda Hermann, Elia Twigg, and Patricia Biegler; and Sue Hann, co-
“It’s important to have an education and a mentor,” said moderator. (Photo by Jim Proce)
Herrman who began her career as an administrative assis-
(ASCE) while at the University of Florida and the chapter
tant, then started college at age 42 at the suggestion of her
was assigned to build a concrete canoe to compete in a
mentor. While working full-time and attending school at
regional competition.
night, Herrman saw an ad for Assistant Public Works Direc-
tor in Hays. “I was asked to be team leader for this activity and since
I like a good challenge, I accepted,” said Twigg. She ap-
“My mentor encouraged me to apply. He told me, ‘You
proached the task in earnest, recruiting a team from
know more than you think you know. You know how
scratch, determining needed resources, and picking the
things should be done.’ And he was right because I applied
brains of members who competed in the past. “I set a goal
and was offered the job in 1996,” recalled Herrman. After
to make it to the national competition because I knew if I
earning a bachelor’s degree in 1997, her mentor recom-
could get the team to believe, maybe we’d get there,” Twigg
mended graduate school, which she finished in 2000. Two
said. And they did make it to the national competition that
years later, she took a lateral assignment as Community
year, only the second team in UF history. In addition, she
Development Director, and shortly thereafter, she was ap-
learned project management and technical reporting from
pointed to her present position.
the experience, plus trained another person to be team
“I recommend to everyone to believe in yourself and let leader to take her place in the future.
others help you. Get an education or whatever you need to
After graduation, Twigg worked three years in engineering
reach your goal and don’t be afraid. My philosophy is you
at a small company before deciding she was ready to move
can’t get what you’ve never had unless you do what you’ve
up in her career. “I applied for a management position with
never done,” said Herrman.
the City of Palm Bay and I got it. Now, I supervise 75 people
Twigg offered similar advice by urging the audience, “Cre- and I’m learning even more. But nothing fell in my lap—I
ate opportunities for yourself. Make things happen.” To made it happen by being prepared and ready,” said Twigg.
illustrate her point, Twigg recalled how she joined the stu-
Echoing that viewpoint, Lazarus said, “Prepare yourself for
dent chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers
new opportunities. Don’t set limits on your possibilities.”
She began her career in 1967 when women were especially
rare in public works. She said, “At first I wanted to be a
statistician. But after receiving my bachelor’s in civil en-
2008 Editorial Calendar
gineering and a master’s degree, I held several positions in
The topics for the APWA Reporter’s 12 issues
the public and private sectors.” At the height of her career,
in 2008 are presented below.
Lazarus oversaw a $100 million budget and 270 workers.
January: Emergency Management
Lazarus credits APWA with contributing to her advance in
the workplace. “I learned so much from attending Con- February: Water Resources
gress over the years and I see many more women taking
March: Solid Waste Management
advantage of this conference. I urge you to stay connected
to APWA and support your local chapter,” she said. April: Facilities and Grounds; Annual
Buyer’s Guide
Her guidelines for career success include the following
principles: (1) Remember your mother—treat superiors and May: Top Ten Public Works Leaders of
colleagues honestly; (2) Remember your family—treat ev- the Year
eryone with respect; and (3) Remember to maintain your June: Engineering and Technology
integrity.
July: Transportation; Public Works
Biegler also gives kudos to APWA. She said, “I’m very grate- Projects of the Year
ful to this organization for the chance to learn, share and
August: Congress Show Issue; Utilities
network.”
and Public Right-of-Way
Biegler took an unusual route to her current position. She September: Fleet Services
entered a convent as a teenager, then left after two years.
Entering Indiana University, she became active in theater October: Congress Highlights
and says, “I went from the convent to playing a streetwalk- November: Winter Maintenance
er in operas on tour.”
December: Leadership and
Biegler changed her major several times, then took a break Management
to become a surveyor at an engineering firm. After being
Columns & Features:
laid off, Biegler realized she liked the field, so she returned
to school to earn an engineering degree. “I held many jobs President’s Message
including coal miner and first female construction inspec- Washington Insight
tor in the south for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. All Technical Committee News
along the way, people reached out to me and helped me,”
International Idea Exchange
said Biegler.
Recipes for Success
As a result of her varied career, she learned, “You can either Book Review
let life run over you or control your life. Anticipate where
Ask Ann
you want to go and always know, change is inevitable.”
Education Calendar
Cora Jackson Fossett chaired the Diversity Committee for APWA WorkZone
two years and is also a former member of the Membership
World of Public Works Calendar
Committee. She can be reached at (213) 978-0319 or at Cora.
Jackson@lacity.org.
Diversity “An individual has not started living until he can

rise above the narrow confines of his individualistic
Awareness concerns to the broader concerns of all humanity.”
Corner − Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

SCRC spotlight on the Kansas Road
Scholar Program
David Barr
Director, National Rural Transit Assistance Program
APWA Washington, D.C. Office
ublic works agencies, like other industries, have an same opportunities as someone in a more populated part of
ever-present need for high-quality training and tech- the state at the same cost.
nical assistance for employees. This is especially true
The Program offers three levels of training:
for smaller and rural community agencies that are al-
ready facing tightening budgets and limited staff. In Kansas, • Level I – Technical Skills strives to enhance the
the Road Scholar Program is a great example of a collabora- knowledge of general public works maintenance and
tive effort to address these challenges and establish a well- construction methods, safety practices and local govern-
trained network of public works professionals. ment organization. Courses include: Culverts, Drainage
and Levee Maintenance, Risk and Liability Issues, Work
A play on the Rhodes Scholarship for study at Oxford Uni- Zone and Traffic Control Safety, Snow and Ice Control,
versity, the Kansas Road Scholar Program was originally Road Maintenance, and Government 101 for both cities
developed by the Kansas County Highway Association and and counties.
the Kansas Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) in
cooperation with the Kansas Association of Counties and • Level II – Supervisory Skills strives to develop su-
the Kansas Department of Transportation. The program pro- pervisory skills for persons engaged in public works
vides training relative to what all counties in Kansas are re- maintenance and construction activities. Courses in-
sponsible for maintaining: roads and bridges. The program clude Fundamentals of Supervision, Legal Aspects of Su-
recently expanded to include APWA involvement and in the pervision, Coaching and Positive Discipline, Enhancing
near future will also include state employees. Cooperative Work Relationships, and Problem Solving
for Effective Supervision.
Open to all Kansas public works employees, the Road Schol-
ar Program provides training to increase knowledge of road • Level III – Executive Development strives to en-
maintenance procedures and improve technical, supervisory hance management and administrative skills for those
and managerial skills. By enhancing skills and knowledge of who are appointed or aspire to be appointed as county
operators and current or aspiring managers, the Road Schol- highway administrator, county or city engineer, or pub-
ar Program is working to promote a skilled workforce for lic works director. Courses include: Fundamentals of
Kansas public works agencies. Leadership, Basics in Budgeting, Finance and Reporting,
Project Planning and Management, Local/State Project
Many smaller communities face the challenge of affordabil- Coordination, and Overview of Engineering Functions
ity of classes and finding time to send people to the training. in Public Works.
The Road Scholar Program addresses these issues by keeping
enrollment fees affordable; by making the same classes avail-
able on a cycle in various locations around the state with
a one-day agenda that allows the majority of participants
to travel to the training without an overnight stay, keeping
travel costs at a minimum; and by offering the majority of
classes during winter, the off-peak time of work in Kansas.
Training is provided by the Kansas LTAP, the Kansas Associa-

tion of Counties, members of APWA, and the Kansas Depart-
ment of Transportation. There is a one-time administrative
fee of $35.00 for each level of the program to assist Kansas
LTAP to monitor the progress of program participants. In-
dividual class registration fees can range from free to $100.
Classes are offered on an ongoing basis all across the state on 2007 Kansas Road Scholar Program graduates
a two-year rotation to allow those in remote locations the

And the program works. Since 2001 approximately 250 indi- To find out more about the Kansas Road Scholar Program,
viduals from 45 counties have participated in the program. visit the Kansas LTAP at http://www.ksroadscholar.org. Of
Currently there are 159 students enrolled in Level I of the the 58 LTAP and TTAP (Tribal Technical Assistance Program)
program, 81 students enrolled in Level II and 19 students Centers around the country, approximately 25-30 centers
enrolled in Level III. There have been 145 graduates of Level have some form of Road Scholar Program. Contact your
I and 25 graduates of Level II. Since Level III is the newest local center to find out more. For contact information in
level, it is anticipated the first graduates will be recognized your state, visit http://www.ltapt2.org/centers/.
in the spring of 2008.
It’s important to note that anyone can

participate in the training without en-
rolling in the Road Scholar certificate
program; however, the Road Scholar
Program certificate provides recogni-
tion that an employee has completed a
set of courses identified as core compe-
tencies for technical, supervisory and
executive development skills. Some lo-
cal agencies in Kansas are basing raises
and/or promotions on completion of
Awards Program 2008

the program.
“The number one challenge many

public works agencies face every year
is finding willing, able, and educated
employees,” says program partici-
pant and member of the Kansas Road
Scholar Program Advisory Committee,
Jeff Hancock, Director of Public Works
for the City of Manhattan. “The Road
Scholar Program addresses these issues
by creating opportunity for investment
by employees to become educated in a
variety of public works issues. This ed-
ucation and the commitment it takes
to obtain it, creates a sense of invest- APWA’s Awards Program recognizes individuals, groups and
ment which in turn results in retaining
chapters for their outstanding contributions to the profession of
well-trained employees that are willing
and able to use their skills in real-world public works. Some of the awards presented include Distinguished
applications.” Service, Young Leader, Public Works Project of the Year, and Top
Ten Public Works Leader of the Year, to name just a few.
The Kansas Road Scholar Program
is continuing to move forward. The
Each award is listed on the APWA website. Criteria and
overriding goal of the program is to
create a statewide network of trained nomination forms for the 2008 Awards Program
employees with skill sets not common are now available online.
to many applications other than issues
that public works agencies deal with
on a day-to-day basis. If the goal of the
program is obtained, Kansas will have Nominations are due March 3, 2008!
some of the most well-trained public
works employees in the country; all Visit www.apwa.net/awards08.
with common training that can cross
from county to city to state and pos-
sibly beyond. Nominate Your Award-Winners Today!
APWA Book Review
Emergency Planning (1st Ed.) with disaster in future time and those that one should con-
552 pp • 2006 • John Wiley & Sons, Inc. sider when planning for implementation of the emergency
• Ronald W. Perry, Ph.D. and Michael K. plan at the time of disaster impact.
Lindell, Ph.D.
This publication begins with an introductory chapter en-
Where you want to go, Emergency Plan- titled “Introduction to Emergency Planning.” This chapter
ning will help you get there. Easy to read, provides an introduction and overview of how emergency
practical, and up-to-date, this publica- planning fits within the field of emergency management.
tion not only helps you learn fundamen-
Chapter 2, “The Emergency Planning Process: Mandates,
tal emergency planning concepts; it also helps you master the
Structure, and Guidelines,” outlines the components of an
core competencies and skills you need to succeed.
emergency plan, principles that guide the planning process
Emergency planning is treated as a critical avenue to com- and resources that can be used in the planning process.
munity emergency preparedness. Therefore, emergency
Chapter 3, “Patterned Human Behavior in Disaster: What a
planning is presented in its many contexts: the practice Planner Must Know,” examines the impact of disasters on
of emergency management, the community for which the people’s health, as well as people’s likely psychological reac-
planning is done—including the political, private business tions to disaster. This chapter also discusses disaster myths
and nonprofit sectors—and the network of intergovernmen- and how to assess patterns of pro-social or positive behavior
tal relationships in which planning must operate. that can support emergency plans.
An important emphasis in the volume is the characteriza- Chapter 4, “Fostering Successful Emergency Planning: A
tion of emergency planning as a process. This process view Planner’s Guide to Making It Work,” examines how to as-
forms the framework from which specific strategies and semble an emergency planning team, how to motivate the
techniques are drawn. We educate the planner in known team members, and how to train the team.
patterns of human disaster behavior to create a vision of ac-
tion on the ground where plan implementation takes place. Chapter 5, “Classes of Protective Action Recommendations:
Similarly, time is given to sharing emergency plan informa- Emergency Planning Conditions and Considerations,” dis-
tion with the public, including the goals for sharing and the cusses different recommendations the emergency planner
social psychology of the communication process. Building can make for people to take to protect themselves from the
from this base, individuals are given a picture of what the impact of different types of disasters.
planning process must address: preparedness, vulnerability, Chapter 6, “Analyzing and Selecting Protective Actions:
the notion of resources inside and outside the community, How to Make Effective Choices,” continues the discussion
and a view of outcomes for individuals and organizations. on protective actions and how to estimate hazard exposure.
This book addresses a range of strategies and skills that Chapter 7 is “The Content and Format of Emergency Plans:
planners require to achieve a successful planning process. Framing a Picture of the Planning Process.” This chapter
Individuals are taught the basics of generic protective ac- provides an outline of what information to include in an
tions (for example in-place protection, expedient respiratory information plan and discusses how to write a plan includ-
protection and evacuation) and the planning concepts sup- ing what appendices should be included.
porting effective protective action recommendations. The
Chapter 8, “Continuity of Operations Plans: Keeping the
accepted formats are given for the two principal types of
Organization Alive,” examines continuity plans for both
written plans—emergency operations plans and continuity
government and businesses. This chapter provides informa-
for operations plans. Then in short format, the authors pres-
tion about how a community can continue to operate after
ent the milestones that a planner must address for dealing
a disaster.

Chapter 9, “Milestones That Structure Emergency Planning: To obtain your copy, please call the APWA Bookstore at
Organizing Tasks for Emergency Planners,” exams the connec- (800) 848-APWA, ext. 5253. Or, for more information on
tion between relationship planning and mitigation planning. purchasing this publication and other American Public
Works Association books, please visit the APWA Bookstore
Chapter 10, “Population Warning: Behavioral Foundations
online at http://www.apwa.net/bookstore.
and Practical Applications,” discusses how to detect disasters
and warn the population of the disaster. Risk communica-
tion and different protective action recommendations are
discussed as well.
Chapter 11, “Planning for Hazard Ad-

justment: Protection Adoption, Hazard
Awareness, and Risk Communication,”
examines different hazard adjustments
and how to communicate to the pub-
lic what adjustments that they need to
make. The strengths and limitations of
different communication channels are
discussed as well.
Chapter 12, “Structures for Managing

Emergency Response: Executing Emer-
gency Plan Provisions,” examines struc-
tures such as the emergency operations
center (EOC) and the incident man-
agement system (IMS) that are used in
managing emergency response.
Chapter 13, “Selected Federal Emergen-

cy Planning Mandates: Balancing Local
Needs with Federal Requirements,” dis-
cusses the federal laws and requirements
that govern emergency management.
Chapter 14, “Emergency Planning, Pro-

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT & PLANNING
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al Identity, Credentials, and Prospects,” Recycling {including Hydrological Revamping}
discusses the profession of emergency
Temporary Debris Storage & Reduction Shoreline Stabilization {Rip Rap, Sheet
planning and how emergency manage- Site {TDSRS} Construction & Management Pile, Geotextile Installation}
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Marine Debris Removal & Recovery Canal Embankment Restoration
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Emergency Road Clearance
plan is a snapshot of the planning
process at one point in time and dis- Beach Restoration Demolition
cuss the ways that plans are translated Hazardous Waste Collection & Transport Arborist Services, Tree Maintenance
into action. They also discuss the local
Community Outreach Programs Land Clearing & Development
emergency operations center, not just
to describe its functions and structure,
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but also to explain how one plans to
build an emergency operations center.
This publication closes with a discus-
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preservation of the planning process. www.atldisasterrecovery.com

Index to 2007 articles
Listed in this index are all articles published in the 12 issues Ask Ann
of the APWA Reporter during 2007. They are categorized by Jan., p. 46
subject, with subject headings in alphabetical order. All of Feb., p. 58
the articles can be found on the APWA Reporter web page at March, p. 46
www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter. April, p. 108
Annual Buyer’s Guide May, p. 38
Annual Buyer’s Guide, April, p. 76 June, p. 46
Categorical listing, April, p. 76 July, p. 88
Alphabetical listing, April, p. 88 Aug., p. 44
Sept., p. 100
APWA Accreditation: Tenth Anniversary Nov., p. 42
Accreditation is a leadership activity, Jan., p. 24 Dec., p. 45
Accreditation: It’s the right thing to do, Feb., p. 32
Development of agency accreditation at APWA, March, Awards
p. 26 2007 Top Ten Public Works Leaders Named, May, p. 24
Accreditation Success, April, p. 44 APWA proudly announces the Public Works Projects of the
Accreditation working well for T&ES, May, p. 36 Year, July, p. 68
Accreditation, lessons learned in Miami Beach, June, p. 28 Chapter Membership Achievement Award winners
Hillsborough County Public Works Department’s APWA announced, Aug., p. 11
Accreditation Process, July, p. 46 Awards 2007, Sept., p. 10
Accreditation: The Overland Park Experience, Aug., p. 20
APWA Accreditation for Bowling Green, Kentucky, Sept.,
Baker’s Potluck, The
Interviewing for the Right Skills, Jan., p. 21
p. 56
Performance Evaluations: An institutionalized instrument
APWA Accreditation? WIIFM (What’s In It For Me?), Oct.,
of torture, Feb., p. 28
p. 20
Focus on Your Strengths, March, p. 23
APWA Accreditation is a journey of continuous improve-
Leading through Change, April, p. 40
ment, Nov., p. 24
A Leader’s Legacy, May, p. 33
Accreditation is continuous quality improvement, Dec.,
Determining Your Level of Service, June, p. 24
p. 18
Connecting with Your Community, July, p. 38
APWA Book Review Mentoring for the Future, Aug., p. 18
Emergency and Disaster Planning Manual, Jan., p. 15 Creative Problem Solving, Sept., p. 52
Water Treatment Made Simple for Operators, Feb., p. 26 Identifying the Skills Needed for Crew Leaders and First-
Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids, March, p. Time Supervisors, Oct., p. 16
22 Creative Recruitment, Nov., p. 20
The Facility Manager’s Guide to Finance & Budgeting, April,
p. 38 Congress 2007
The Effective Public Manager: Achieving Success in a Chang- APWA Congress: The best bang for the buck, June, p. 14
ing Government (3rd Ed.), May, p. 22 My views on Congress, July, p. 23
Introduction to Engineering Construction Inspection, June, San Antonio in pictures, July, p. 24
p. 22 Four options to attend Congress, Sept., p. 22
North American Design Guidelines for Traffic Calming Mea- Don’t miss these at Congress!, Sept., p. 22
sures, July, p. 36 One-day passes available for Congress, Sept., p. 23
It’s Your Move: Strategic Planning for Public Works Agen- Fifty reasons to attend Congress, Sept., p. 24
cies, Nov., p. 16 APWA Congress: Texas Style!, Nov., p. 28
Public Works Administration, Dec., p. 16 Pictures worth a thousand words, Nov., p. 40

Diversity Fleet Services
A few keys for success for women in public works, Jan., Your road map to success: writing a business plan, Aug.,
p. 14 p. 24
Field Employees Education and Development Conference, Get a big bang for your fleet buck, Aug., p. 28
Feb., p. 24 Winnipeg paves the way in fleet management, Aug., p. 32
Tempe’s Tools, April, p. 36 Scenario planning for fleet managers, Aug., p. 36
Public Works Engineering: Diversity a cure for shortage?, The Magical Mystery Tour of CDL, Aug., p. 38
May, p. 16 City of Naperville’s Vehicle Replacement Scoring Model,
Leading by example, June, p. 16 p. 42
Diversity: Doing the right thing, July, p. 34
How does the farmer grow a new crop every year?, Aug., General
p. 16 Our Small Cities/Rural Communities Leader: Jerry Gibbs of
APWA diversity successes, Sept., p. 8 Park City, Utah, May, p. 20
Homemaker, Version 2007, Oct., p. 12 SC/RC Forum provides solutions for small cities and rural
Diversity events abundant at Congress, Nov., p. 14 communities, June, p. 21
Women will lead next stage of Kirby Drive construction, New recruiting tool for teens, July, p. 32
Dec., p. 14 Twenty tips to combat global warming for public works pro-
fessionals, Aug., p. 12
Emergency Management
Wildlife Action Plans: A new tool for utilities, Sept., p. 88
Mutual aid during disasters: EMAC is reaching out to public
Another Tool: Municipal Leasing, Sept., p. 92
works, Jan., p. 32
NIMS and ICS: a new alphabet soup, Jan., p. 34 Inside APWA
Emergency preparedness and response, Jan., p. 36 Index to 2006 articles, Jan., p. 16
Public Works and Urban Search and Rescue: What is our Call for nominations to APWA Board issued, Feb., p. 12
role?, Jan., p. 38 Lake Zurich: Best Decorative Plow Award, March, p. 20
Floodplain mapping modernization: a case history, Jan., APWA leadership meets with Transportation Secretary Mary
p. 40
Peters, March, p. 25
City of Santa Fe Springs is ready to SERV!, Jan., p. 42
A decade of financial growth, stability and success, April,
Public Works and the current influenza pandemic threat,
p. 8
Jan., p. 44
APWA Board of Directors, April, p. 12
Public Works Mutual Aid: Making it work, Sept., p. 30
Meet the APWA staff, April, p. 13
Engineering and Technology Chapter leaders turn it on, tune it on and turn it up, April,
Is train noise disrupting your community?, June, p. 31 p. 30
Pavement management is more than software, June, p. 34 A journey to new educational heights for APWA: the Educa-
Pump station sited on private property eliminates sanitary tion Summit 2007, June, p. 12
sewer overflow, June, p. 36 Many APWA chapters involving students in chapter activi-
Blending new technology with existing architecture, June, ties, June, p. 18
p. 38 Candidates for the 2007-2008 APWA Board of Directors
Design-Build procedures for smaller communities, June, named, July, p. 10
p. 41 APWA and AGC renew partnership agreement, July, p. 15
Protecting the Florida Keys with advanced wastewater treat- New England Chapter visits the South, July, p. 20
ment, June, p. 44 Why reinvent the wheel, when you can have your infoNOW!,
Communicating with motorists, Sept., p. 94 July, p. 30
New ideas to STRETCH your training budget!, Aug., p. 15
Facilities and Grounds
New Board member appointed, Oct., p. 9
Green is the smart choice for Milwaukee, April, p. 50
Thoughts from APWA’s first-ever Thought Leader Session,
Art as Public Activator, April, p. 52
Nov., p. 11
A greater rate of return with CDDs, April, p. 56
CMMS: Managing facilities as a business, April, p. 62 APWA, SWANA co-locate exhibitions in 2010, Dec., p. 11
Thirty years hardly seems temporary, April, p. 64 APWA awards nine professionals with Fleet Professional Cer-
Redesigning a City of Milwaukee vest-pocket park: a play in tification, Dec., p. 12
three acts, April, p. 66
International Idea Exchange
Private industry, professional groups, and government agen-
Kansas City memories, Jan., p. 26
cies work together to assist communities after Hurricane
APWA delegation attends AMMAC conference, Jan., p. 28
Katrina, April, p. 68
AMMAC Trip Report, Jan., p. 29
Workplace Safety, April, p. 70
International Public Works Conference, Cairns, Australia,
Tornado makes direct hit on Iowa City, April, p. 72
Feb., p. 34
Public Works Delegation to India, March, p. 28 2007 Snow Conference Exhibitors, April, p. 24
¿Se habla Public Works?, April, p. 46 North American Snow Conference in the “Land of 10,000
2007 Jennings Randolph Fellowship recipients named, April, Lakes,” June, p. 8
p. 48
Global Challenges, Local Solutions: ICMA International’s Obituaries
Work Overseas, May, p. 30 George Mim Mack dies at 80, Feb., p. 14
An international friend of APWA heeds the call for service:
President’s Message
Zeferino Sánchez, June, p. 30
Question, think and plan, Jan., p. 2
IFME: An International Federation, July, p. 43
Protecting the future with wise stewardship, Feb., p. 4
Slovak and Czech Republics Fall 2007 Public Works Confer-
Snow savvy? We have it covered!, March, p. 4
ence, July, p. 45
The future of sustainability has arrived. Are you ready?,
Dreams to Reality, Aug., p. 22
April, p. 4
An international year in review, Sept., p. 58
The Best of the Best, May, p. 4
Call for applicants for 2008 Jennings Randolph Interna-
Engineering and best practices provide practical accessibil-
tional Fellowship Program, Sept., p. 60
ity, June, p. 4
Public Works in Patagonia, Argentina, Oct., p. 22
Keeping it flowing, July, p. 4
International perspectives and an educational two-way
Taking fleet to the next level, Aug., p. 4
street, Nov., p. 26
Celebrating the “WOW” association, Sept., p. 4
Looking up from Down Under, Dec., p. 20
We are there to do a job and we do it well, Oct., p. 4
Dynamic succession under the Australian sky, Dec., p. 22
We are, we can, we will, Nov., p. 4
Leadership and Management Public Works is…Leadership in Action, Dec., p. 4
Building depth in your leadership team, Sept., p. 36
Solid Waste Management
Recipes for Success, Dec., p. 24
Solid waste residential collection going automated, 10 years
Swinging on the office grapevine: the Tarzan approach to
later, March, p. 32
organizational health, Dec., p. 28
San Juan Capistrano’s recycling success story, March, p. 34
Are you keeping the city in the dark? The public works direc-
Biomass and alternative energy in St. Paul, March, p. 36
tor as policy maker, Dec., p. 30
Comparison of household hazardous waste collection pro-
The Bad Boss, Dec., p. 32
grams, March, p. 38
How to be an employee: Working 101, Dec., p. 34
Are your solid waste assets being efficiently and effectively
Increasing worker resiliency, Dec., p. 38
managed?, March, p. 42
Do you take your humor seriously?, Dec., p. 42
Waste management with a twist, March, p. 44
National Public Works Week Landfills as an economic resource, Sept., p. 27
National Public Works Week Promotion: May 2007, Jan., Clean Roads to Clean Air, Sept., p. 38
p. 22
Technical Committee News
Town of Brookline celebrates National Public Works Week,
“The sky is falling”…and other life-threatening issues, Jan.,
March, p. 18
p. 6
What you can do for National Public Works Week, April,
A steady stream of projects, Feb., p. 14
p. 32
Read any trashy books lately?, March, p. 10
National Public Works Week: California style!, May, p. 8
Building concerns and growing issues, April, p. 23
National Public Works Week celebrated on Capitol Hill, July,
Engineering and technology, the big umbrella of public
p. 14
works, June, p. 10
New APWA staff Transportation, a moving experience, July, p. 12
Kathryn Ruth, March, p. 10 Fleet Services Committee doing plenty for our members,
Clint Helfers, April, p. 45 Aug., p. 10
Sonja Yarbrough, June, p. 27 Right-of-Way: A valuable asset, Sept., p. 6
Kelly Price, Aug., p. 15 Hat’s off to a great leader!, Oct., p. 10
Shanel Hicks, Oct., p. 9 “It’s Good to be King,” Dec., p. 13
Derek Thiessen, Nov., p. 25
Transportation
North American Snow Conference Main Street Bridge: Naperville, Illinois, July, p. 48
The Show for Snow!, Jan., p. 8 Searching for the transportation vision thing, July, p. 51
A Twin Technical Tour in the Twin Cities, Feb., p. 16 Implementing new technologies and practices that improve
Behind-the-scenes Technical Tour: Customized snowfight- safety and performance, July, p. 54
ing equipment of Minnesota, March, p. 12 Washington governor uses new accountability program to

keep transportation projects on track and on budget, July, LU, Sept., p. 51
p. 56 Public works officials discuss Farm Bill with congressional
Dramatic results from cost-effective rural road safety assess- staff, Oct., p. 8
ment program, July, p. 59 Board adopts APWA advocacy priorities for 2008, Nov., p. 6
Sidewalk repair program in Orange County, July, p. 60 Climate change legislation in 110th Congress, Nov., p. 7
The Escambia County Road Prison Program, July, p. 62 APWA prepares for SAFETEA-LU reauthorization, Dec., p. 7
City employees step up safety awareness on streets following
coworker’s accident on the job, July, p. 65 Water Resources
Learning to live with a railroad as your neighbor, July, p. 66 Managing water resource investments for the next genera-
Experience the Roundabout, Sept., p. 25 tion, Feb., p. 36
200 MPH Design Speed?, Sept., p. 32 Southern California water quality project merits a closer
Preventive maintenance programs keep your bridges open look, Feb., p. 42
for years to come, Sept., p. 42 Water resources programs benefit from sewer history, Feb.,
Modern Roundabouts: Safe. Efficient. Attractive., Sept., p. 44
p. 47 Arkansas wastewater treatment plant pilots path to fledgling
Sacramento becomes first in state to establish 24-hour Quiet technology, Feb., p. 46
Zones at 28 railroad crossings, Sept., p. 90 Filtration and infiltration of urban runoff keeps California
creek clean, Feb., p. 48
Utilities and Public Right-of-Way The Dust Bowl: Water conservation may be the key to avoid-
Fiber to the Premises (FTTP): Force Them To Pave?, Sept., ing a repeat, Feb., p. 50
p. 62 Safe drinking water, Feb., p. 54
Excavation stage one-call notifications: the best call you will
ever make, Sept., p. 66 Winter Maintenance
The Battleground, Sept., p. 68 Winter maintenance suite of computer-based training mod-
Get to know your area locators, Sept., p. 70 ules, Oct., p. 26
Long-range visual inspection of mains using a tetherless Keys to preparing a winter weather operations manual, Oct.,
robot, Sept., p. 72 p. 30
Implementation of an Electronic Permitting System (a.k.a. Key elements of snow and ice control: safe roads, money
Mission Impossible?), Sept., p. 74 and the environment, Oct., p. 34
Initiative on Dimensional Tolerances in Construction, Sept., Written snow and ice control plans are essential for winter
p. 78 maintenance agencies, Oct., p. 36
Lessons learned from Hillsborough County’s buildout of a New tool helps you select the right deicing material, Oct.,
fiber-to-the-premises program, Sept., p. 80 p. 40
Stray current mitigation in Portland’s Transit Mall, Sept., NYSDOT’s response to snow emergencies in New York State,
p. 83 Oct., p. 42
An innovative solution for snowfighter training, Oct., p. 44
Washington Insight A new approach to training snowfighters, Oct., p. 46
Communication is everything: refining your message for a Ice and Snow…Take It Slow, Oct., p. 47
new Congress, Jan., p. 4 Why do weather forecasts vary so much?, Oct., p. 50
Local projects tread water amid uncertainty over Army Corps Concrete answers for the cold weather quandary, Oct.,
wetlands authority, Feb., p. 6 p. 52
Federal Affairs Waste Management Update, March, p. 6 The economics of winter-focused safety investments, Oct.,
APWA is working in Washington to provide the most up-to- p. 55
date forestry information to members, April, p. 6
APWA launches redesigned Advocacy web page, May, p. 6
President Verkest testifies before National Transportation
Commission, May, p. 7
You can change the world, one state at a time!, June, p. 6
Predicted Highway Trust Fund deficit underscores need to
strengthen revenue sources, July, p. 6
Findings and recommendations for a Water Utility Sector
Management Strategy Report released, July, p. 8
Fleet Fuel Economy, Climate Change & Congress, Aug., p. 6
Protecting local control: a chapter advocacy success story in
Tennessee, Sept., p. 50
APWA member Kathleen Davis briefs Congress on SAFETEA-

APWA WORKZONE - MORE P
APWA has launched WorkZone with NEW features
to make your job of finding or posting a job more
powerful. The enhanced site features include bulk
pricing, mapping function, tailored job search agents,
free internship postings… and more.
WorkZone is the exclusive site for employers to

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Check out the major upgrades and benefit from the
more powerful, more personal service.
NEW FEATURES:
Use the following tools to tailor your job searches and
create search agents. Get the latest jobs delivered to
your e-mail. Find helpful tips and other information
to enhance career marketability skills in the field of
public works.
My Jobs
Create and save searches based on your search agents.
Near Me
Find other career positions in the location you specify.
My Tools
Find tips for interviewing, improving searches and
enhancing résumés.
Bulk Pricing Plan

Employers can save by using the bulk pricing plan.
Savings are based on the quantity of prepaid postings.
Internships
At no cost, APWA provides employers with a new
recruitment vehicle and students with a new path to
careers in public works.
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Job seekers can use the new mapping feature to see
jobs in specific geographic areas.
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POWERFUL, MORE PERSONAL
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titles, and locations. You can even get a map of public
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Log On To The Website At

WWW.APWA.NET/WORKZONE.
New APWA staff
Anne J. Allen has joined the APWA related policies and priorities. Before joining NCSHA, Mag-
staff as Accountant. She will be assisting gie worked for Strategic Media, a political media buying firm
Teri Newhouse and Mary Coleman with in Georgetown during the pivotal 2006 elections.
the accounting functions. She comes to
us from Springfield, Illinois where she Maggie is a 2006 graduate of Monmouth University in New
was working at Sikich, LLC, a local ac- Jersey. At Monmouth, Maggie studied Political Science and
counting firm. Prior to working in Springfield, she had been Communications. During her tenure at school, Maggie held
working as assistant controller for an investment advisory several internships. She was employed by the United States
firm in suburbia Philadelphia for nearly two years. Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, working
under the International Affairs Division on their Nuclear
Anne received a B.S. in Accounting from Iowa State Uni- Nonproliferation Program. During this time, Maggie also
versity in 2005. She is currently residing in Olathe, Kansas. completed a graduate-level class on the impact of September
Anne enjoys participating in community theatre and or- 11 in today’s world. Prior to her internship with the Coast
chestra. She has plans to return to school in the fall of 2008 Guard, Maggie interned with Connelly and McLaughlin in
in pursuit of an MBA. Manhattan, NY, a prestigious public relations and lobbying
firm. Maggie graduated Magna Cum Laude from Monmouth
Gail Ann Clark has joined APWA’s University; she also held executive positions for the Political
Washington, D.C. office as Special Assis- Science Club, as well as the Political Science Honor Society.
tant to the Executive Director. She assists
the Executive Director by managing spe- Brian Sullivan recently joined APWA as the Chapter Rela-
cial projects and daily activities, serves tions Program Manager. In his role he is responsible for the
as staff contact for the CPWA Board, and development and implementation of programs and services
works to advance the CPWA legislative agenda. at the national level targeted to higher education students
and young professionals. He will also serve as a knowledge
Gail has 15 years of association experience with the Risk resource and liaison to chapters in establishing initiatives,
Management Association where she worked in member and benchmarks, and goals to increase young professional mem-
chapter relations, managing 30-plus chapters, membership ber outreach.
recruitment, educational offerings, and community bank re-
lationships in the southeastern U.S. Brian was previously employed as a Spe-
cial Projects Manager with the Kansas
A native of Washington, D.C., Gail has a Bachelor of Arts de- City-based American Academy of Family
gree in Political Science from Elon University in North Caro- Physicians. His duties included direct-
lina. She and her husband Don reside in Falls Church, VA ing key programmatic activities of the
and have two children and two grandchildren. Her daughter Americans In Motion initiative related to
Laura and family reside in Amsterdam, NL and her son Ryan health and wellness for young people.
and his wife reside in Oakton, VA. Gail enjoys travel, pho-
tography, and reading in her spare time. For more than 10 years, Brian served in various Kansas and
Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit youth-serving organiza-
Maggie Doucette has joined APWA in tions including the Kansas Office for Community Service,
the Washington, D.C. office as a Gov- the Points of Light Foundation, and the National Network
ernment Affairs Associate. Maggie will for Youth. He has extensive knowledge and expertise in
provide support to the association’s membership-based nonprofit administration, program plan-
government affairs program, including ning and management, technical assistance, resource devel-
the implementation of the association’s opment, and community relationship-building.
public policy and advocacy goals.
Brian holds a Master of Science degree in Counseling Psy-
Maggie joins APWA from the National Council of State Hous- chology from the University of Kansas in Lawrence and a
ing Agencies (NCSHA) in Washington, D.C., where she was Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology from Mary Wash-
a Legislative and Policy Coordinator, working directly under ington College in Fredericksburg, Virginia.
the Managing Director of Tax Policy. At NCSHA, Maggie was
responsible for helping develop and advance NCSHA’s tax-

A career in public works: unlimited potential
Susan M. Hann, P.E., AICP, ICMA-CM

Deputy City Manager
City of Palm Bay, Florida
Member, APWA Leadership and Management Committee
In November 2007, the APWA Leadership and Management degree, get a P.E. license, get a master’s degree in business,
Committee concluded its series of articles on public works leader- etc. See the next few steps in your career path and figure out
ship and management issues entitled “The Baker’s Potluck.” This what you need to do to get there. My career objective was to
was the third series of articles (the first being “The Baker’s Doz- create options and opportunities. I don’t have one singular
en,” the second being “The Baker’s Menu”) that discuss various “I want to be” goal. I want to have the skills to try whatever
leadership and management topics of interest to APWA members. may come my way that interests me. That’s my plan. Yours
The committee’s new series is entitled “Recipes for Success” and might be more specific or less specific. Determine what feels
touches on a variety of leadership and management topics. Along right for you.
with each article is an actual recipe for a favorite public works
dish submitted by a member. Each recipe is a favorite from the Be happy in your work. Most people work at least eight
members in their department. Give them a try. hours per day. That’s a long time to do something you don’t
enjoy. It is hard to be enthusiastic and interested when
The public works profession is known for its challenges and you’re miserable. If you’re unhappy, your body language
opportunities. When people talk about “cushy government and attitude most likely ooze your discontent. So, being un-
jobs” I’m pretty sure they’ve never filled a pothole in Florida happy can be a downward spiral. You may not like where
in July nor cleaned up after a sewer break. Even those of us you are, but no one else wants to give an unhappy camper
who deal mostly in paper and people have days filled with a shot. My advice is that you put a smile on your face and
stress, uncertainty, conflict and excitement. Life in public be happy wherever you are in your career. You are the only
works is never easy, but it is always rewarding. one that controls how you feel every day. You can’t depend
on others to make your happiness for you. Once you adjust
I think this is why so many service and civic-minded people your attitude, you might find that you like your job better.
find a home in this profession. It is a place where you can But, if not, finding a new place to work will be much easier if
truly make a difference in your community from anywhere you’ve built a reputation as a contributing team player, not
in the organizational chart. It is also a profession where a grumbling Neanderthal.
there are abundant opportunities for personal and profes-
sional growth. Get some education. This means setting some goals and
figuring out what training and education you need to get
There are many examples of people who started their working there. Education doesn’t have to mean 10 years of night
life in public works and stayed until retirement. Jim Proce, school. It might mean taking a finance class, taking a for-
Palm Bay’s Public Works Director, is one such example. He eign language class, taking a computer seminar—whatever
came to Palm Bay as a draftsman in 1981. Since then he has might make you a more valuable, well-rounded employee.
obtained his bachelor’s and master’s degrees and is now our There are many free web seminars. Go to the library and
Public Works Director (with aspirations to be city manager check out a book on a new topic. Continuous learning is
). I’m sure Jim didn’t go to grammar school hoping to be a one indication of an interested, enthusiastic employee. Even
public works director someday; but once he landed in Palm if your employer won’t pay for training, there are plenty of
Bay and discovered the opportunities in public works he set opportunities for you to learn. Many communities offer free
himself on a path to make continuous progress. Over the classes or you can volunteer in a role that might give you
years, I’ve observed folks like Jim who have worked towards the training you need. Churches, charitable organizations,
advancement in the public works profession. The following youth sports groups all need volunteers. You can learn peo-
are some of the common traits that I believe will help you ple skills, bookkeeping, computer skills, etc. while helping
succeed in your desire to advance. your community. With a little initiative, you can find schol-
Figure out where you want to be and design a path arships too. Check with your local APWA chapter or local
to get there. Set some goals. Make a plan. It is difficult to Public Managers Association to see what they offer.
get ahead if you haven’t defined what “get ahead” means to Network. Get out there in your community and your pro-
you. This doesn’t need to be a 20-year plan, but it does need fessional societies. Go to Chamber of Commerce events.
to have some short-, mid- and long-term milestones and ac- Volunteer to be a speaker. You never know where these con-
tion items. For me, it was things like: get a civil engineering nections might lead you. The adage about “who you know”

is usually true, not in the corrupt sense, but in the sense that That’s the great thing about public works. If you want to find
people trust people they know. I always feel honored when your niche and be a superstar in it, there are so many inter-
someone asks me to provide a reference for them. That esting niches from which to choose. If you want to climb
means that they believe they have shown me their strengths the organizational ladder, there are almost unlimited oppor-
and they trust me to talk about them favorably. I try to be- tunities for advancement. As a manager, I’m happy to give
have as if everyone I meet may be asked for a reference about anyone who asks more responsibility. There’s always more
me (which, in the public works context, is not far from the work than resources. If you want variety in your career, pub-
truth when you consider our political environment). lic works offers a vast array of geographical, technical and
administrative challenges.
Take initiative. Take on jobs, projects or assignments that
are outside of your job description and/or outside of your Public works is the profession of opportunity and choices. I
comfort zone. You aren’t learning anything new if you are would encourage you to do a little strategic thinking. Take a
doing the same thing you did yesterday and the day before. few minutes and write down what you want to be doing this
The public works profession has unlimited opportunities for time next year and identify five things you’d need to do to
growth. There are always projects that need to be done. Take get there. My goal for 2010 (the year I turn 50) is to ride my
on something new. If you’re less of a risk taker, volunteer to mountain bike 3100 miles on the Continental Divide trail
be on the team and take on a small assignment while learn- from Canada to New Mexico. The easy part will be prepar-
ing from others. If you like a challenge, take on the leader- ing for the physical fitness challenges. The hard parts will be
ship of the project. learning to like camping and getting some time off from my
really awesome job!
Find a mentor or several mentors. You can always
learn something from someone else. Watch the behavior of If you’d like to hear more on this topic, APWA is sponsoring a free
other people. Find good examples and bad examples. There phone panel discussion entitled “Humble Beginnings – Unlimited
are people I’ve encountered throughout the years who have Opportunities” on January 24 at 2:00 p.m. EST. The panelists are
provided demonstrations of behaviors that wouldn’t work all public works professionals who may have started in surprising
for me. These were very valuable experiences for me as I was places but who are leaders in the profession today. To participate
able to learn from other people without having to try these in the mentoring call, simply dial (877) 339-0022 and then enter
behaviors myself. On the other hand, I’ve met many people the pin number *5955223*.
over the years who have shown me great examples of the
leadership and management traits I now try to use consis- Susan M. Hann can be reached at (321) 952-3411 or hanns@
tently. Keep in mind there is no one right way. You must palmbayflorida.org.
figure out what works best for you.
No excuses. There are always setbacks. Make a commitment

SOPPIN’ SAUCE
to a “no excuses” policy. Yes, you may have challenges and 6 large lemons (halved or quartered)
obstacles to overcome, but don’t use them as excuses to stop 4 large onions
making progress. Working through challenges and obstacles 1 gallon white vinegar
will also be valuable learning experiences. I have to thank my 1 lb. butter
parents for this one. When I was a kid, I delivered newspa- Red pepper flakes (to your preference)
pers no matter how bad it was snowing or how lousy I felt. I Salt
learned the value of living up to commitments whether they Black pepper
are commitments to yourself or others. I also learned that the 1-2 gallons water
weather is better in Florida, so I moved south. 
Bring all ingredients to boil and reduce heat to low sim-
I do feel it is important to comment on the public works em- mer. Keep warm/hot until finished on a side flame or
ployees who are happy where they are. Not everyone wants burner.
to be on the “unlimited potential” stairmaster, where climb-
ing is continuous and can become the objective rather than I begin by placing my seasoned chicken on the grill
the means. People who find their niche and execute their and then basting the meat on both sides. As the chick-
jobs well are very important to an organization. These folks en cooks, just re-baste as needed until skin is golden
are the foundation of success. They are solid, stable and skill- brown. This adds flavor and moisture. Keep the flame
ful. Our organization has some of the most talented heavy to a minimum.
equipment operators around. If they all decided to be city
managers, our work would definitely suffer. Some of them Bob Freudenthal
may want to be city managers and if that’s the case, we’ll APWA Past President
help them get there. If not, we are happy to thank them for Deputy General Manager
the excellent contributions they are making to our organiza- Hendersonville Utility District
tion in their current role. Hendersonville, TN

Mexico delegation attends 2007
APWA International Congress in
San Antonio
Julio C. Fuentes
Senior Traffic Engineer
City of San Diego, California
Member, APWA International Affairs Committee
he APWA-AMMAC Task Force hosted a number of im- Consultants, who is coordinating all international activities
portant visitors from Mexico at the San Antonio Con- for the New Orleans Congress in 2008. We are already in the
gress. Our Mexico guests included a delegation from process of coordinating a wider attendance and participa-
the Mexico Construction Chamber (CMIC) – Tijuana tion from Mexico and Latin America at the 2008 Congress.
Delegation. The Board of Directors from CMIC was repre-
The Mexico delegates asked me to express their appreciation
sented by their President Ruben Garcia Fons. Other mem-
in particular to the local organizing committee in San Anto-
bers of their executive board included Hector Peterson, Luis
nio and Lamberto “Bobby” Balli of the HNTB Corporation
Oviedo, Sergio Lujan, and Carlos Verdugo. Zeferino Sanchez
for all their graceful attentions. Our Mexico partners will
of the Mexico Telecommunications Commission and Hec-
make efforts to increase their participation in New Orleans
tor Peterson of CMIC participated at the Congress with a
and ensure that our Congress is a success beyond doubt at
presentation of the advances that the Baja, California region
international celebration.
is making with large-scale water desalination projects. Also
in attendance was Cesar Gomez, Public Works Director for Julio Fuentes is the APWA-AMMAC Task Force Chair and a mem-
the State of Mexico. ber of the International Affairs Committee. He can be reached at
(619) 533-3092 or JFuentes@sandiego.gov.
This was the second time that technical sessions were pro-
vided with simultaneous translation to Spanish, and Span-
ish-speaking visitors were able to fully participate in all
PUBLIC SAFETY
Congress activities thanks to this effort from the local Inter-
national Events Subcommittee in close coordination with
our APWA National Congress staff. We had the opportunity
also to meet with Alejandro Flores of Krebs, LaSalle, LeMieux
ACROSS THE NATION!
NOMINATIONS FOR
NATIONAL APWA
APPOINTMENT
“You give but little when you give of your possessions. It is
when you give of yourself that you truly give.”
– Kahlil Gibran
APWA is soliciting nominations for appointments to

national offices for the August 2008–September 2009 MISSING ACCESS COVERS ON LIGHT POLES ARE DANGEROUS
year. Step forward and offer your expertise to your pro- BUT THERE IS A SIMPLE, EASY SOLUTION.
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Information on appointments may be obtained on the Available in any color, it installs in seconds, requires no tools and
includes tamper-resistant locks.
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A brief bio must be completed online or through hard
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Public Works Working Group:
Working to benefit the profession
Diane Linderman, P.E.
Director, Urban Infrastructure and Development
VHB, Inc.
Richmond, Virginia
Board Liaison, APWA Emergency Management Committee
s public works agencies react of geographic area through inter-utility that provides form and structure to
to the challenges of response mutual aid. interstate mutual aid. Since being rati-
and recovery, one of the ini- fied by Congress and signed into law in
tial questions is whether Mutual aid is the key to success for
1996, 50 states, the District of Colum-
you have the resources to handle the all municipalities that need addition-
bia, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the US Vir-
magnitude of the effort. In the event al resources to help them recover in
gin Islands have enacted legislation to
of a major disaster, the local labor and the event of a disaster. Often that aid
become members of EMAC. Through
equipment resources are overwhelmed can be from within the state and the
EMAC, a disaster-impacted state can
and it is necessary for the recovery of state emergency management office
request and receive assistance and
the community to reach out and ask can assist the locality in finding the
resources from other member states
for help. Many of us are familiar with resources it needs. In the unfortunate
quickly and efficiently, resolving two
the caravans of the power utility vehi- event that the disaster drains all the in-
important issues upfront: liability and
cles driving to assist their peer power state resources, mutual aid among the
reimbursement.
company in the event of a major power states is critical. EMAC, the Emergency
outage. This utility has created a sys- Management Assistance Compact, is a There is a system in place to help all
tem that can quickly react to the needs congressionally-ratified organization municipal agencies seek the resources
necessary to address their recovery
needs. And yet we hear about problems
of people showing up to help that do
not have the necessary skills. Or equip-
ment is delivered that is unsuitable to
be effective addressing the needs. How
can you be clear about your particular
resource need so you can be assured
that you get what you ask for?
Resource typing is designed to enhance

emergency response through a compre-
hensive system that allows municipali-
ties to augment their response resourc-
es during an incident. Resource typing
definitions provide emergency manag-
ers with the information they need to
request and receive the resources they
need during an emergency or disaster.
Typed definitions for 120 response re-
sources have been completed. The re-
sources that have been typed are those
commonly exchanged in disasters
through mutual aid agreements. The
original 120 resources were developed
by subject matter experts, including
public works professionals.
Resources are classified by “Category”

which refers to function, such as Public
Works, Fire, Health and Medical, and

“Kind” to include teams, personnel, ing and Hazardous Materials Response, water and wastewater utility systems,
equipment and supplies. Information Law Enforcement, Health Care, Public and public works leadership positions.
about level of capability is referred to Health, Public Works, Search & Rescue, Unlike many of our sister agencies,
as “Type” which is a measure of mini- and Animal Control/Veterinary. These public works professionals are placed
mum capabilities to perform the func- groups were challenged to identify into positions to respond to disaster
tion. Type I implies a higher capabil- “requisite” and “recommended” base- recovery, depending on the recovery
ity than Type II. As an example, if you line criteria for education, training, needs. These jobs are not the normal
need a tub grinder for the disposal of experience, physical/medical fitness, daily job. The job positions created are
vegetative debris, there are four types certification, and licensing for posi- intended to be the type of resource that
listed ranging in output capability of tions that would be called upon by a a community would need when facing
less than 100 to greater than 400 cy/hr. municipality when its own personnel the daunting task of disaster response
You would want the type of tub grind- were overwhelmed. and recovery.
er that fits your specific need. You can
imagine that if you just asked for a tub The Public Works Working Group is The 19 jobs created are to be called for
grinder, you might not get something made up of public works professionals when the resource is needed and, as
that you can use. from across the country with expertise the requesting agency, you will know
in public works and emergency man- what skills and attributes the individu-
In addition to equipment and teams, agement. Many of the members are al should have (see sidebar on page 38).
FEMA has been leading an effort to APWA members (see sidebar on page As a municipality, you do not need to
identify credentials for individuals that 38) and all are practitioners with op- have employees that have these specific
could be requested to assist a munici- erational experience that covers all credentials in order to handle disaster
pality in the event of significant di- the facets of public works. The Work- response and recovery. The job creden-
saster. In 2005, FEMA sponsored nine ing Group’s first accomplishment was tials are only required when an indi-
working groups: Incident Management, the development of 19 job descriptions vidual volunteers to assist another ju-
Emergency Medical Services, Fire Fight- in the areas of debris management, risdiction so that there is no confusion
Don’t miss this chance

...to get in the APWA Reporter’s
Water Resources issue
By advertising in the APWA Reporter, news of your
equipment, product or service will be sent to more than
29,000 APWA members, most of whom are key decision
makers in their agencies.
So, don’t miss this opportunity to advertise in the February

issue which focuses on water treatment and distribution,
stormwater management, sanitary sewer systems, and flood
control.
The deadline to reserve your space is January 7;

the materials are due by January 10.
Bonus: Advertise and we’ll give you a free listing in our
“Products in the News” column!
Call Amanda, Erin, or Jennifer at (800) 800-0341.

over what skill level the public works The Working Group is also tackling the to clearly identify resources and deter-
professional can be of assistance. updating of the original public works mine the minimum qualifications for
typed resources as well as reviewing re- public works positions that bring value
The Public Works Working Group con-
sources that have been typed by states to assist communities in their disaster
tinues to work for the benefit of the
to determine if they should be added to response and recovery efforts can only
profession. An additional set of posi-
the federal resource list. help in the effectiveness and quickness
tions is being developed. These posi-
of that community to get back on its
tions, and maybe more, will continue All these efforts are being made to
feet.
to clarify the resources you might need make it easier for you to ask for help
to respond. Teams will be created that and to get the exact resource you need. It is all about helping each other and
will support infrastructure rebuilding It is absolutely not a requirement for bringing the right people and the right
and cleanup efforts and will include your local public works staff to be cre- tools to successfully complete the job.
self-sufficient resources to minimize dentialed. It continues to be the ex-
the drain on the local resources. Like pectation that the local governments Diane Linderman is a member of the
the existing resources, they could be will take the lead on response and re- Finance Committee and a former member
developed with multiple effectiveness covery, and only when they are over- of the Government Affairs Committee.
levels (Type I being minimal and Type whelmed are they encouraged to ask She can be reached at (804) 343-7100 or
III being higher capability level). for assistance. The continuing effort dlinderman@vhb.com.
PUBLIC WORKS WORKING GROUP ROSTER AND JOB TITLES

Working Group Members Public Works Job Titles
Mark H. McCain, MEP, Public Works Emergency PW Job Title 1: Assistant Public Works Director – Logistics
Management Services, LLC, South Carolina
PW Job Title 2: Assistant Public Works Director – Opera-
Larry J. Benz, P.E., Director of Public Works, Cole County, tions
Missouri PW Job Title 3: Civil/Field Engineer
Randy Bartlett, Director of Stormwater Management, PW Job Title 4: Debris Collection Supervisor
Fairfax County, Virginia
PW Job Title 5: Debris Removal Manager
Perry Hopkins, ORCEMS, Emergency Operations Manager,
PW Job Title 6: Debris Site Manager
City of Portland Water Bureau, Oregon
PW Job Title 7: Engineering Branch Manager
Richard Coates, P.E., Assistant Director of Public Works,
Fulton County, Georgia PW Job Title 8: Engineering Division Manager
Larry Nadeau, Project Manager, Public Works, City of Port PW Job Title 9: Equipment Operator
St. Lucie, Florida PW Job Title 10: Public Works Director
Brian Usher, Director of Public Works, City of Largo, Florida PW Job Title 11: Quality Assurance Personnel
James David Himes, Assistant Director of Public Works, PW Job Title 12: Structural Engineer
Metro Nashville and Davidson County, Tennessee
PW Job Title 13: Utility Systems Reconstruction Manager
John Scharffbillig, Mn/DOT Fleet Manager, Office of
PW Job Title 14: Wastewater Collection Manager
Maintenance and Security, St. Paul, Minnesota
PW Job Title 15: Wastewater System Manager
Marjorie DeBrot, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
PW Job Title 16: Wastewater Treatment Manager
Scott Conners, City Engineer, City of Walker, Michigan
PW Job Title 17: Water Distribution Manager
Ed Thomas (former Working Group member), National
PW Job Title 18: Water System Manager
Rural Water Association
PW Job Title 19: Water Treatment Manager
Bob Fields (former Working Group member), Chief,
Emergency and Anti-Terrorism Operations, Lockheed
Martin Space Systems Company, Sunnyvale, California

Evacuations
Teresa Scott, P.E.

Director of Public Works
City of Gainesville, Florida
Chair, APWA Emergency Management Committee
ne of the lessons learned from Katrina was that structures and people and assisting in the decision to evacu-
states and urban areas need to update emergency ate an area or alerting people to shelter in-place.
plans and include evacuation and shelter-in-place
procedures for the general population and those It is important to take into account the transportation needs
with special needs. According to the Nuclear Regulatory of a potentially impacted population and whether there
Commission (NRC) in the report Identification and Analysis are special transport needs such as stretchers and wheel-
of Factors Affecting Emergency Evacuations, “Large-scale evac- chairs. In some instances the transit system or the school
uations of greater than 1,000 people occur approximately bus fleet falls under the jurisdiction of public works. The
once every two weeks in the United States.” If you consider transit system may be called upon to assist in evacuations
then that there are probably small-scale evacuations occur- of large numbers of people, some of which may have special
ring on a much more frequent basis then it makes sense that transportation needs. Generally the transit agency, through
every community needs to develop an evacuation plan to be its ADA transportation program, has access to lift-equipped
prepared for an inevitable event. vans or vehicles equipped for special needs. It is important
to have an understanding of the capabilities and limitations
A pre-planned, well-coordinated evacuation plan is intended
to save lives and prevent injuries. The NRC found that the
critical components of successful evacuations were high-lev-
el coordination and cooperation among various emergency
response agencies and an effective command structure that
Brandon Industries, Inc.®
www.brandonindustries.com
was empowered to make decisions as needed. There are
many functional areas with a role in ensuring that effective
evacuation plans are developed and implemented. Several of
these fall under the jurisdiction of public works and there-
fore it is critical that we take an active role in developing
evacuation plans for our communities.
A community risk assessment should be undertaken to iden-

tify vulnerabilities and potential impacts that should be con-
sidered when developing an evacuation plan. For example,
in anticipation of a hurricane approaching, consideration of
areas that are subject to flooding is important information.
Maps identifying areas subject to flooding and the depths of
flooding are typically managed through public works. We
are generally the map repository and have information on
floodways, floodplains, pump structures, levees, and other
flood control structures. We typically understand the mag-
nitude of impact in the event any of these structures were
to fail. Consideration of non-notice events such as Haz-Mat
incidents is also vital. Evacuation routes utilizing overpasses Since 1987
or bridges might be compromised by vapors or fire from ve-
hicular or train-related events. Of growing concern is the
Call for your FREE wholesale Catalog
trend toward single-access neighborhoods or private com- Signage
munities. If the limited access point is blocked or unavail-
Mailboxes 800-247-1274
able, there should be some prior thought how to remove
people from the area. This type of information is valuable
Lighting
in the identification of the number of potentially impacted

of the transport system and where additional resources can In the event a perimeter is established around an evacuation
be obtained in the event an evacuation is implemented. area it may be necessary to provide detour routes to move
traffic away from the area. Detouring routes should be coor-
If the impacted population will need the assistance of transit
dinated with evacuation routes to ensure that there are no
to evacuate there will need to be decisions made as to how
conflicts in traffic flow.
to accommodate the people. Will there be pre-designated
pick-up locations identified? This may be a good option on A plan must include ensuring that the routes are given prior-
a fixed-route system where there is familiarity with stop lo- ity for clearing debris or other obstructions that would make
cations and the number of people can be anticipated and the route inaccessible or less efficient once identified as an
accommodated by the fixed route. There may be a need to evacuation route.
specify gathering points for people to come to in order to
Public awareness of the hazards, of evacuation procedures,
load up on pre-staged buses. In this case it will be important
and alert methods are also identified as critical contributing
to have adequate buses and staging area that is well-coor-
components of an effective evacuation plan. A public aware-
dinated and can accommodate orderly loading. There will
ness plan should include education of the various types of
need to be consideration given to signing and other com-
hazards that may occur and prompt the need for evacuation
munication capabilities to keep people informed of perti-
as well as identification of pertinent evacuation procedures
nent information and directions to assure their safety.
and methods in which the affected public would be notified.
The NRC found that traffic issues, such as traffic congestion, Generally when the public is aware of the hazards and pro-
were reported as significant contributing factors in less ef- cedures for keeping them and their families safe they will be
ficient evacuations studied. There are many responsibilities much more cooperative with evacuation efforts.
covered under public works agencies that deal with traffic is-
In addition to evacuation details a fully-developed plan
sues and traffic congestion mitigation. Evacuation routing is
should also include how a temporary and permanent reen-
an area that public works personnel need to take an active role
try process will be implemented. Temporary reentry is most
in defining and implementing. Knowledge and understand-
often utilized when either a hazard may still exist or the
ing of the road network, traffic signal system capabilities, and
homes are too severely damaged to allow residents to oc-
signing/communication capabilities and needs are all-impor-
cupy them. This may occur as the result of a large-scale fire
tant considerations in the development of evacuation routes
incident, or a weather-related disaster such as a tornado or
into/out of or through a jurisdiction. Considerations must
hurricane. What type of identification would be required,
be given to such things as whether or not the traffic signal
who will check the persons into the area, who will check
system has the ability or capability of readily implementing
them out and how long will they be allowed to stay are all
signal timing changes to increase the capacity of a roadway. If
areas to be addressed. The use of permits or passes to identify
signal timing adjustments can be implemented in real time it
approved persons and vehicles should also be considered in
may reduce demand for law enforcement personnel to direct
advance.
traffic along an evacuation route. There are growing numbers
of traffic management centers with real-time capability in For permanent reentry a plan should address many of the
managing road networks that include cameras and variable same items described above with additional attention to
message signs. These can be extremely useful in developing sanitation, health and medical issues those returning may
efficient evacuation routing. face. If there is no potable water or sanitation available, will
they be safe returning and staying in the area? Will your
Alternatives may be the use of stop-time switches in signal
community expect your staff to provide portable toilets, sol-
cabinets at major intersections to allow law enforcement of-
id waste services and bottled water? These are all areas your
ficers or operators to manually control signals or override
community and your department should address as you re-
the signal to flashing yellow mode to give priority to the
view your plans.
evacuation route directional movement. These operational
alternatives will reduce or prevent the need to have officers As with all aspects of emergency operations, once a plan is
standing in the street directing traffic for long periods of developed it is important to train and exercise the plan to
time. It may also be necessary to implement a staged evacu- increase the likelihood that if implemented the evacuation
ation, although these are much harder to accomplish. In a plan will effectively and efficiently meet the objective to
staged evacuation, residents from certain areas are released save lives and prevent injuries.
in sequence in an attempt to limit congestion on the evac-
uation routes. This often is frustrated when persons from Teresa Scott can be reached at (352) 334-5070 or scottta@
non-selected areas decide they are ready to leave and move cityofgainesville.org.
in advance.

Full-scale mock disaster event in
Beloit, Wisconsin
The disaster event that no one wants but everyone fears
Bruce Slagoski
Terrace Operations Supervisor
City of Beloit, Wisconsin
Member, Emergency Management Committee, APWA Wisconsin Chapter
any lives have been affected by the heartbreak- and in fact had one tabletop exercise one month to the day
ing tragedies on school campuses across our na- before the tragic incident in Virginia. This was the first full-
tion. These senseless random acts of violence have scale mock event in the United States done at a college when
brought a feeling of helplessness and fear to many. the students were in attendance.
In light of these horrific instances the City of Beloit, Beloit
College and Wisconsin Emergency Management met on De- Our design team consisted of representatives from:
cember 15, 2006 to proactively prepare for such an event. We • Wisconsin Emergency Management (WEM), Dan
had at least one meeting per month to prepare for a mock Wenborne (Facilitator), Bob Klinger and Jerry Haberl
disaster dealing with these unfortunate acts of terrorism. • Rock County Emergency Management, Shirley Con-
On October 24, 2007 the City of Beloit, Beloit College and nors, Shannon Ladwig and Deborah Shaw
Wisconsin Emergency Management had our full-scale mock • Beloit Fire Department, Bruce Hedrington
disaster. Everyone remembers the Virginia Tech University • Beloit Police Department, Bill Tyler
massacre on April 16, 2007. When we planned our event • City of Beloit Risk Manager, Mike Ciaramita
little did we know that it was going to really happen. We • Beloit College, John Nicholas
had been developing this program for months before this • Beloit Hospital, Barb Kuska
Online Mentoring
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Thursday, January 24, 2008
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In order to expand our cost-effective Panelists for this session will include:
learning and networking opportunities s¬ Robert Albee, Past APWA President,
to our membership and their agencies, Managing Director-Tele Engineering,
APWA is launching a new program that Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc.
allows you to tune in to high-quality s¬ Patty Hilderbrand, Program
speakers for just the time it takes to dial Management & Development Manager,
a toll-free phone number. This is a great Kansas City, MO
opportunity to gather a group around
the speakerphone and learn from the s¬ Jim Proce, Public Works Director, Palm
leaders in our profession. Bay, FL
s¬ Jerry Way, Director of Transportation,
Dial-in information: Sacramento, CA
1-877-339-0022 www.apwa.net
Participant Passcode: *5955223*
(YOU MUST HAVE THE STAR BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER THE NUMBERS.)

• Rock County 911 Dispatch Center, Kathy Sukus hours to conclude the exercise. Everyone went home but
• Beloit Department of Public Works, Bruce Slagoski Public Works. Now our work began again, cleaning up the
event debris. The unrecognizable fifth-wheel trailer was in
The normal role in public works is to come in and clean up two different sites. Couches, tables and mattresses were ev-
after a natural or man-made disaster and partner with other erywhere. Meanwhile, the media was saying that the event
disciplines during the event. This is the first time we were re- was over and everything was back to normal. Public Works
quested to create a disaster. Our role was to secure the area for worked for the next two days cleaning up all of the debris.
all of the emergency responders where the event was going to
take place and then assist in making the collapsed areas. The College Vice President commented, “I could not believe
how well our Public Works crews restored the area to the
way it was before the event.” He sent the following e-mail:
Bruce:
Now that the smoke has cleared so to speak, I

want to personally thank you and the rest of
your Public Works team for the fantastic job
you performed prior to, during, and after the
Emergency Management exercise held on the
Beloit College campus on Wednesday, October
24, 2007. Your crew was professional, courte-
ous, and efficient and if there was ever a real
emergency on the campus, I only hope you’re
involved!
The debris pile created by the Public Works Department on the Beloit
College campus (photo courtesy of the City of Beloit) Thanks again.
So you might ask yourself, how did we do this? The Friday John Nicholas
before the event we put out No-Parking signs for the event Vice President for Administration
area to give us a clear work site for the following Monday. Emergency Management Coordinator
We worked with Lt. Chris Scott from the Rockford Fire De- Beloit College
partment who is on the task force team for the Illinois Tech- Bob Klinger and Jerry Haberl from Wisconsin Emergency
nical Rescue Team (TRT) to come and make the collapsed Management said in their report:
sites. We delivered the concrete pipe ranging from two feet
to four feet in diameter. For months we had collected mat- The Beloit DPW was represented on the ex-
tresses, end tables, couches and chairs that were put out for ercise design team and played an important
weekly trash collection for this event. A Dodge Caravan was role in the planning, conduct and evaluation
brought in that we crushed. They brought in a fifth-wheel of the exercise.
trailer and it was our job to destroy the trailer and place it on
Public Works personnel were instrumental
the pile. We worked with the TRT for two days setting up the
in the preparation of the exercise, especially
site and Lt. Chris Scott stated, “Without the help of Public
in the construction of the rubble pile used to
Works the event would not have been as realistic as it was.”
test collapsed structure evolutions. The exper-
On the actual day of the event Public Works personnel tise and experience they brought to the con-
secured the area so that no one could enter except the re- struction ensured a safe and realistic training
sponders. We installed snow fence, barricaded streets for a experience.
two-block area and barricaded a three-block area for staging.
Public Works was able to maintain essential
We delivered golf carts and gators for the evaluators and dig-
utility services (enhancements/props) and co-
nitaries to utilize so they could view the event. We stayed
ordination among assets and was organized
onsite for the entire event for any unforeseen issues that
efficiently according to the National Incident
would come up, which they did; like any event as it unfolds
Management System (NIMS). The Incident
things come up. We had police personnel walking over snow
Command System (ICS) was established soon
fence that we had to put back up and citizens were finding
after arrival and Unified Command estab-
little holes in our perimeter that we had to close. We put
lished within an evaluated time period.
more barricades out as the event grew.
A representative of the FBI said, “This is the largest event
After all of the explosions rocked the City of Beloit, trapped
I have ever seen and was impressed on how well it ran.”
and injured college students were rescued and transported
Some mistakes were made but, after all, it was a disaster. We
to the hospital, and the terrorist was taken into custody and
quickly recovered from our mistakes. That is why you have
the hostages were released, it took only approximately three
to practice. You have to understand each other and know In Beloit we have been working hard to improve commu-
everyone’s capabilities. nication through the use of Nextel telephones and radios.
We can alert a group of Public Works, Police, SWAT or Fire
Not surprisingly, through this exercise we found our biggest responders with ease. With the assistance of Nextel we have
problem was with communication. It is the same comment established groups so the Incident Commander can alert
I have heard at every event, staged or real. We must work any group with one click of a button. Nextel representatives
together to find a better way of communicating with each helped us the day of our event to enhance our capabilities
other. The only way this will happen is if we talk to each with the phones and also supplied us with extra phones to
other. Police, Fire and Public Works communicated well, but share with other responders as needed. All of this would not
when the FBI and the EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) have happened if we did not work together as a group on
team came into the event, it took us about a half hour to our communication to recognize the shortcomings that we
gain communication. had. Public works must be a part of that process.
The most important thing that I learned from the exercise

is that public works has to work with police and fire depart-
ments so everyone knows each other’s strengths and weak-
nesses. They do not know all of our resources. They even
have resources that can help us. Work with them, be friends
with them, don’t ignore them. When there is a disaster, all
of you working together as a team of first responders will
serve your communities in the most efficient way possible.
You will save lives and restore the infrastructure much fast-
er, allowing the citizens of your community to restore some
sense of normalcy to their lives.
One of the pre-exercise meetings with all of the mock disaster par- Bruce Slagoski can be reached at (608) 364-2929 ext. 7008 or
ticipants (photo courtesy of the City of Beloit) slagoski@ci.beloit.wi.us.
LIVE – 2-hour audio webcast from the American Public Works Association!
¬AMn¬PM¬%34¬s¬¬AMn¬PM¬#34¬s¬¬AMnAM¬-34¬s¬¬AMn¬AM¬034
TARGET: Emergency Preparedness Series

#2 During the Disaster— #3 AFTER the Disaster—
Resource Management Reimbursement
1/31/08 3/20/08
Establishing an ICS, enacting mutual Basic accounting controls to set up in advance, proper
aid agreements, using the EMAC and documentation for quick reimbursement, information
setting priorities in the midst of a disaster. required by FEMA for reimbursement.
Speakers: Speakers:
Keith Watson, Assistant Public Works Steve Hagerty, President, Hagerty Consulting,
Director, City of Bartlett, IL, Chairman, DuPage Inc., Evanston, IL. Managed the $7.4 billion
County Public Works Mutual Aid (PWMA) Steering outsourced public assistance Federal recovery
Committee operation in New York City after 9/11.
Jonathan Gano, P.E., Superintendent of Streets, Kris Riemann, Director of Public Works, and
City of Springfield, MO. Coordinated resource contracts Ron Smith, Assistant Director of Public
and served as liaison to the Emergency Management Works, City of Gulfport, MS. Currently
Office related to a major ice storm in January 2007. coordinating $100 million in public
)F¬YOU¬MISS¬ANY¬OF¬THE¬PROGRAMS¬YOU¬CAN¬PURCHASE¬THEM¬ON¬#$¬FOR¬¬ works infrastructure repairs and
MEMBERS ¬AND¬¬NONMEMBERS ¬OR¬THE¬ENTIRE¬SERIES¬ON¬#$¬FOR¬¬ replacements from Katrina damage.
MEMBERS ¬AND¬¬NONMEMBERS
WWWAPWANETEDUCATION¬s¬#ALL¬!07!¬EDUCATION¬AT¬ !07!

Cascading infrastructure failures and you!
Curtis Edwards, P.E., F.ASCE, Vice-President and Senior Project Manager, Psomas, San Diego, California;
Laurence W. Zensinger, Vice-President, Homeland Security, Dewberry, Fairfax, Virginia; members of the
APWA Emergency Management Committee
ascading failure—when disruption in one infrastruc- week as water service was restored but undrinkable due to
ture causes a disruption or failure in a second infra- contamination of the empty system. Similar disruptions
structure. could impact water-dependent facilities such as hospitals,
which are even more critical systems during disasters.
When the public hears about cascading infrastructure fail-
ures, it is likely they remember the electrical network failures
in the northeast where one failure in the electrical system
led to many other electrical failures. However, it is unlikely
that they think about the other infrastructure failures that
resulted from this type of event. Power was out to traffic sig-
nals and electric trains, crippling the transportation system.
Communications were also disrupted with the loss of power.
It is easy to see how one small infrastructure failure can cas-
cade into larger, multi-jurisdictional infrastructure failures.
All critical infrastructure facilities are almost always depen-

dent on other infrastructure systems. This complicates the
planning and mitigation of impacts related to the original
failures. Preparing for these types of events is further com-
plicated by the fact that these failures can impact multiple I-35 bridge failure, Minneapolis, MN, August 5, 2007 (photo by Todd
political, corporate and lifeline jurisdictions. Lessons learned Swain/FEMA)
from past events and dire warnings of future cascading fail- These critical infrastructures and others such as power trans-
ures often do little to improve emergency planners’ and mission networks and communication systems are complex
managers’ capabilities. in their own right. However, in reality, these individual sys-
tems interact with each other in many ways, increasing the
complexity of the failure. This makes the analysis and the
subsequent mitigation even more complex. Some of these
systems are coupled in such a way that the control of each
one depends on the state of the other.
The complex agenda for hardening the nation’s infrastruc-

ture in the aftermath of 9/11 and now Hurricane Katrina
is still in its early stages. Other homeland security goals—
such as strengthening the ability to respond to an attack
or a catastrophic natural disaster and recover quickly—have
commanded greater attention and resources, especially in
the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. In addition, as difficult
as it is to develop a comprehensive capability to respond to
and recover from natural disasters and terrorist attacks, pro-
tecting the nation’s infrastructure from the loss of key assets
Electric utility outage caused by severe storms and tornados in that could result in cascading failures is even more difficult.
Georgia, March 2007 (photo by Mark Wolfe/FEMA)
The National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Criti-
A recent example of a cascading failure occurred during the cal Infrastructures and Key Assets recently released by the
Southern California wildfires when fires burned power lines, Department of Homeland Security (see http://www.dhs.gov/
cutting off power to a critical water pump station. As a re- xprevprot/programs/editorial_0827.shtm#1) states that the
sult, an entire community was without water while being primary functions of the policy include protecting national
surrounded by fire. The impacts continued into the next security missions, public health and safety. Additionally, the

National Strategy recommends reinforcing state and local layout and design (stand-off distance or barriers), structural
governments’ capacities to deliver essential public services, design that will avoid collapse from the effects of a bomb if
protect the private sector, and to improve public confidence possible, and any special rescue and recovery plans or ca-
and morale. pabilities required if a specific infrastructure node in your
community fails.
What does this mean to local public works officials? There
are a number of steps that can be taken. The great diversity and redundancy of our infrastructure
provides for significant physical and economic resilience in
First, understand the nature of infrastructure that traverses the face of terrorist attacks, natural disasters or other emer-
or serves your community. Which facilities would create the gencies. However, this vast and diverse aggregation of high-
gravest economic or social impacts if attacked or knocked ly interconnected assets, systems, and networks may also
out by disaster? From this perspective, not all facilities may present an attractive array of targets to terrorists and mag-
need the same level of attention or protection. nify greatly the potential for cascading failure in the wake of
Second, try to understand the interdependencies among catastrophic natural or man-made disasters. Understanding
infrastructure systems. For instance, electrical outages can critical infrastructure relationships and protecting critical fa-
interrupt water supplies and cellular communications when cilities from all kinds of disasters is a significant challenge,
power backups fall short. What opportunities are there to but one which we should all be thinking about.
build in redundancy which would reduce restoration and Curt Edwards can be reached at (858) 576.9200 or cedwards@
recovery time? psomas.com; Larry Zensinger can be reached at (703) 849-0139
Finally, look at some of the things that can be done to or lzensinger@dewberry.com. Both authors are members of the
mitigate the effects of natural disasters or terrorist attacks APWA Emergency Management Technical Committee.
on infrastructure. Mitigation measures for hazards such as Note: If you would like more information on cascading infrastruc-
floods or earthquakes are generally well understood and in ture failure, plan to attend the workshop session scheduled to take
use where necessary. For certain facilities that could be tar- place during the 2008 Congress in New Orleans, Louisiana.
gets of terrorist attacks, consideration should be given to site
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Care for employees
Brian R. Usher, Director of Public Works, City of Largo, Florida, and member, APWA Emergency Management Committee
Teresa Scott, P.E., Director of Public Works, City of Gainesville, Florida, and Chair, APWA Emergency Management Committee
hen the worst happens ily contact information. If their plans havoc on your operations. If you have
in our communities, we change, any employee family member plans to include the inoculation of em-
count on our employees to with identification can seek shelter if ployees in the event of an epidemic,
be there in support of our their needs arise. Housed in the city’s you should consider including family
mission. Repeatedly these employees Cultural Center, this facility swings members as well. Again, employees will
have not only met our expectations, into action when a hurricane watch is not be able to give you their full atten-
but have surpassed them with their posted, or as other incidents dictate. tion if they are worried about sick fam-
heroic, selfless dedications. Whether Materials and supplies are moved in ily members at home. The possibility
from hurricane, wildfire, flood, tor- according to the City’s Emergency Op- of cross infection from employees with
nado, snow storm or countless other erations Plan. The dependent check-in sick family members to other members
events impacting our communities, process is done electronically on the of staff or the community is obviously
the dedication of our employees who City IT system ensuring that not only one to be taken seriously. It has been
place their communities first has been tracking occurs, but that employees estimated that over one-third of our
a proud constant in our business. One and their department can check online employees could be affected at any one
area we as employers have not been that their family is checked in. time from a pandemic flu outbreak. It
as dedicated to is providing the same is obvious that we must protect our
level of dedication to our staffs as we City employees are also surveyed each most vital resource, our employees,
expect from them. year to determine whether they and from this additional emotional and
their families are capable of securing physical strain.
This situation is slowly being remedied their homes themselves, or if help may
as emergency plans are being updated be necessary. If family members are un- Employee Support
and we include lessons learned from able to secure the home, the City will Direct employee support during times
other communities across the country. provide assistance with the installation of crisis is also important. When plan-
It has been the unfortunate news head- of storm shutters, securing doorways ning for extended operations involv-
line when a community disciplines and evacuating the structure. In this ing response and recovery activities, it
or terminates employees who found way City employees can concentrate on is critical to ensure some method exists
themselves forced to make a decision their job responsibilities and not be dis- to feed, shelter and support employ-
between what they feel is their family’s tracted by concerns for their loved ones. ees working in extended, harsh con-
well-being and their responsibility to Another level of support implemented ditions. Simple things like hot meals,
their community. While not often re- in 2007 was the voluntary collection of fluids for rehydration and shade with
ported, these types of cases have made homeowners insurance contact infor- either heat or cooling ability not only
headlines across the country. Partially mation. Employees choosing to partici- extend your staff’s capabilities and en-
in response to these situations and par- pate provide the City with their Home- durance, they provide for improved
tially because of lessons learned dur- owners Insurance contact information. morale, leading to longer employee
ing the past ten years of emergency If their homes are damaged while they concentration and dedication.
response, communities are beginning are involved in a response activity, the
to provide support to employees and City will contact the insurance compa- With the recent introduction of quick-
their families during times of disaster. ny for them, initiating the claim process prepare foods for bulk feeding, the
and again relieving them of additional logistical issues surrounding the stor-
Family Member Support burdens and concerns. ing, distribution and preparation of
In Largo, Florida, dependents of City meals for employees is less trouble-
employees have access to a shelter fa- Providing family support goes beyond some than before. The new meals are
cility reserved just for them. City em- just addressing shelters and feeding. easily stackable, heat themselves, and
ployees sign their families up at the With growing concerns of a global in- offer both standard and vegetarian se-
beginning of the annual hurricane sea- fluenza outbreak, community planning lections. Combined with new waterless
son to ensure enough food and water should address not just employees but hand sanitizers, keeping our employ-
can be provided. The online sign-up also their families. In the sealed envi- ees properly fed is now easier than ever
form also asks if the family is shelter- ronment buildings we work out of to- before. The longer shelf life of bottled
ing elsewhere or at home, and for fam- day, any infected employee can wreak water also is an asset when preparing

for emergency operations. With an may still be making decisions, but they problems directly attributed to the is-
average two-year shelf life, cases can are probably not being well thought sues described above. We always claim
be stocked and rotated through their out or evaluated. Staff and crews work- we will work to change the situation so
shelf period to maintain safe product. ing without proper rest not only en- that we don’t have to do it again, but
It is important to properly anticipate danger themselves, but others as well. then we get busy or forget, and time
the actual level of food and hydration At the time we justify this because we slips past without our action. Let’s not
products you may need for your staffs “have to get it done,” “only I can do it” miss the lessons from the past. Take
during extended operations. The num- or “we don’t have enough people.” If time now to review your plan, work
ber of regular staff may be enhanced any of these is truly the case you need with your staff and emergency man-
with outside assistance personnel re- to take a fresh look at your emergency agement team, and ensure that your
sponding to your incident. Examine plan. It is situations such as these for future response is more user-friendly to
your emergency operations plan to which mutual aid was designed. We your employees. To quote APWA Presi-
determine what your total personnel need to remember it is not a weakness dent Larry Frevert during his address at
needs may be. to ask for help. Work with your neigh- the 2007 APWA Congress, this is one of
bors to familiarize yourselves with each those times to ask yourself, “If not me,
other’s plans so that you can work in who? If not now, when?”
tandem if the need arises. If working
on a larger scale event, regional mutual Brian Usher can be reached at busher@
aid such as the plans in New Hamp- largo.com or (727) 587-6741; Teresa Scott
shire; Florida; DuPage County, Illinois; can be reached at scottta@cityofgainesville.
and Rock County, Wisconsin, provide org or (352) 393-8801.
just such a safety valve. Note: If you would like more information
Too often we find ourselves look- on employee care during a crisis, plan to
ing back at an operation during the attend the workshop session scheduled to
after-action report, realizing we over- take place during the 2008 Congress in
stretched ourselves and our staffs. New Orleans, Louisiana.
Hopefully we do not find any major
The City of Gainesville Public Works Depart-

ment employees being fed during the 2004
hurricanes in Florida
When planning for the
It is also important that when building worst, expect the best.
your plan you address supporting your
employees in the field. Too many times Emergency preparedness is only as good as
we have witnessed responders establish the information that drives it. MJ Harden
a feeding or rehabilitation station in- gives you the data and tools that put your
side a secured or “warm” zone sector. community’s geospatial assets readily at hand
Many of the responders to these inci- in the event of the unthinkable.
dents do not possess the credentials to ● High-Resolution, Multispectral
enter such a zone, and are unable to Digital Aerial Imaging
access this resource. Those in the Emer-
● LiDAR Data Capture and Processing
gency Operations Center anticipate
that food and hydration are taken care ● Planimetric and Topographic Mapping
of, learning only later that numbers of ● Digital Orthophoto Imagery
responders were unable to have access. ● GeoEyeTM Satellite Imagery
This is most often the case when agen-
● Remote Sensing
cies beyond your own organization are
involved, as they may not understand ● GIS Consulting, Development and
your agency’s access policies. Implementation
Often forgotten or ignored is the need

to provide regular rest for our employ-
ees. Time after time we find ourselves
and our staff pushing our endurance to
the limit, only to crash either emotion- 5700 Broadmoor Street, Suite 800 Mission, Kansas 66202
ally or physically. It is important to re- 913.981.9600 phone 913.981.9602 fax

GREENSBURG, KANSAS
member that we only function well for IN THE AFTERMATH OF AN www.mjharden.com
12 to 18 hours. After that time passes we F-5 TORNADO, MAY 2007

Public Works Mutual Aid: Who needs it
and why
Bruce Slagoski, Terrace Operations Supervisor, City of Beloit, Wisconsin, and member, Emergency Management Committee,
APWA Wisconsin Chapter; Janice Pinnow, Solid Waste Supervisor, City of Beloit, Wisconsin, and member, Solid Waste Committee,
APWA Wisconsin Chapter
utual aid allows communities (Mutual Aid Box Alarm System). Police trastate and Interstate agreement with
to support each other during departments have also had Mutual Aid our neighboring communities.
emergencies and disasters to Agreements for a number of years as
It is our recommendation that every-
protect and restore life and well. Today we see public works sectors
one establish Mutual Aid Agreements
property when an event is beyond the on board with mutual aid.
with their neighbors. Not only is it a
capabilities of the affected community.
requirement but when you need as-
Public works is responsible for a mul-
sistance or if you are responding to an
titude of operations, including safe
event, everyone knows whom to call
water, sewer, waste disposal and debris
and what to expect. A very large part
management, mass transit, snow re-
of this agreement is the list of resourc-
moval, signage, engineering and fleet.
es. Mutual Aid Agreements are not an
We have the responsibility to recover
easy task but a very worthwhile one. It
in the most expedient way. This is best
took over a year to get our Mutual Aid
accomplished by entering into Mutual
Agreement enacted by the time it went
Aid Agreements for cooperation during
through all the community leaders and
an emergency situation. Golf course superintendent Mark Young (left)
of the Beloit Public Works Department in the their attorneys. During a disaster is not
It is important that each municipality Incident Command Vehicle with Capt. Tom the time to see if you have the neces-
entering into an agreement realize the Dunkin of the Beloit Police Department sary resources.
importance of providing assistance to As you may know, HSPD-8 (Homeland
The APWA Wisconsin Chapter’s Emer-
one another during a disaster or emer- Security Presidential Directive 8) states
gency Management Committee is cur-
gency. You may be requested to supply that public works employees are recog-
rently working on a statewide Mutual
employees, equipment, technical as- nized as first responders. In order for
Aid Agreement. We anticipate that
sistance and/or materials. Public Works any disaster area to receive mitigation
during 2008 the agreement will be
Mutual Aid Agreements allow an entity funds from FEMA (Federal Emergency
complete. The process takes time and
to assist another without the liabili- Management Agency) we must meet
requires legislative involvement. In the
ties of insurance, workers compensa- certain criteria. We must have Mutual
long run, it will be worthwhile.
tion, equipment insurance, employee Aid Agreements in place and be NIMS
liability, union issues, and compensa- (National Incident Management Sys- Bruce Slagoski can be reached at (608)
tion becoming cumbersome issues and tem) compliant. 364-2929 or slagoski@ci.beloit.wi.us;
causing great delays in response time. Janice Pinnow can be reached at (608)
The City of Beloit has entered into
Mutual aid does not require a commu- 364-2929 or pinnowj@ci.beloit.wi.us.
Mutual Aid Agreements with nine
nity to respond to the crisis of another.
communities. The communities range Editor’s Note: The City of Beloit’s
A community may in good faith with-
from small townships to large cities. Mutual Aid Agreement, as well as other
hold assistance while providing for its
Our agreements also cross the state sample agreements, can be viewed on the
own community.
line into Illinois. If the need arises to APWA Resource Center at www.apwa.
For years fire and police departments respond to an incident across the state net/ResourceCenter in the Emergency
have had agreements with surround- line the issue can be addressed with an Management section. If you would like to
ing communities for assistance. Fire de- EMAC (Emergency Management As- provide a sample copy of or link to your
partments have had Mutual Aid Agree- sistance Compact) which was covered agency/state’s agreement, please forward
ments with neighboring communities in the January 2007 issue of the APWA the information to Teresa Hon at APWA
and now have changed to the MABAS Reporter. In Beloit we have both an In- headquarters (thon@apwa.net).

PUBLIC WORKS:
The Future is Now
“They’re back. Well, actually, they never Three potential new chapters are Bridges, Beaches, and Code
left but it just seems like we have more Enforcement. It is likely there will be a few new practices
and more geese in our parks and on our added to existing chapters, as well. If you have suggestions,
golf courses. We tried letting the native please contact me at adaniels@apwa.net and I’ll be happy to
grasses grow up around the perimeters to share your information with the committee members when
scare them off but all that did was make the resi- they meet.
dents complain that we weren’t mowing. Is there
As an FYI reminder, the release of the 6th edition of the
anything else you can suggest?”
Manual means that anyone who is planning to become ac-
credited and wishes to continue using the 5th edition will
Doesn’t mat-
need to sign a contract for Voluntary Accreditation by Sep-
ter where I go,
tember 15, 2008 to ensure continuation with that edition.
I hear the same
The contract allows you to be locked into that edition and
problem. It’s ei-
allows for a three-year time period to be ready for an Ac-
ther geese or pigeons. Since
creditation Site Visit. After September 15, anyone signing a
the environmentalists get
contract will be required to utilize the 6th edition.
touchy when we talk about
disturbing the geese eggs,
we’ll talk about more mundane possibilities. Brookline, MA
is using Japanese kites in the shape of coyotes that flutter
in the breeze close to the ground. Seems if you move them
around your area, the geese think they are real. You might
like to contact Tom Brady at tom_brady@town.brookline.
ma.us.
Another practice is using trained dogs that scare the geese

away. While there is expense involved in purchasing and
training the dogs, the results sound very worthwhile. If
you’d like more information, contact Harry Weed with the
Village of Rockville Center, NY at hlwadpw@aol.com.
“I heard there will be a new edition of

the Public Works Management Practices
Manual next year. Who decides what
practices should be included? If you had
a public works responsibility that isn’t “With all the emphasis being placed on
covered now, how would you go about getting it the safety of our bridges, our elected of-
included?” ficials are interested in whether there are
departments that purchase insurance spe-
You heard right. The 6th edition of the Public cifically for bridges. Do you have any in-
Works Management Practices Manual will be re- formation to share?”
leased in August at Congress in New Orleans. The
timing of your question couldn’t be better. A re- Not really, but it’s a question I’d also like to have
view committee is being formed and they will begin meet- answered. If any of our readers have attempted to
ing to review the existing practices and consider new chap- purchase or have been successful in purchasing
ters that have been suggested by public works practitioners. insurance to cover major bridges against a cata-
strophic event such as an earthquake or hurricane,

would you please share the information with our readers?
Please send me your comments to adaniels@apwa.net and Ask Ann…
I’ll pass them along. Please address all inquiries to:
Ann Daniels
Director of Technical Services
“My consulting firm works with several APWA, 2345 Grand Blvd., Suite 700
agencies in California and we need to Kansas City, MO 64108-2625
have a copy of the APWA Standards and Fax questions to:
Specifications. I can’t find them listed in (816) 472-1610
the APWA catalog. Can you tell me how I E-mail: adaniels@apwa.net
can obtain them?”
I’d be happy to if they existed!

However, there are no National
APWA Standards and Specifi-
cations. Several chapters have
developed standards for local use, some of
which have been “standard” for their states
or regions. When you see an “APWA Stan-
dard” referenced, please check the “Chap-
ters” pages of our website at www.apwa.
net, locate the chapter in your geographi-
cal area, and contact one of the chapter of-
ficers to determine where you might secure
the appropriate Standards.
“I recently read an article

that referred to a ‘com-
plete streets program.’ It
was a term I’m not famil-
iar with. Can you help?”
The term refers to the design of

streets to incorporate bike lanes
and sidewalks to provide space
for pedestrians and bikers which
may even mean narrowing roads
or lanes of traffic to make this accommoda-
tion. The program is aimed at giving more
people access to the use of the roads. An in-
crease in senior citizens lies behind the com-
plete streets programs in most places where
they are being tried. As people become un-
able to drive, they need to be able to walk
safely, including taking a walk to the local
bus stop. As you would imagine, it costs less
to design the sidewalks and bike paths when
the street is originally built, rather than
adding it later. Of course, these lanes are not
used on highways but rather on residential
streets. Fourteen states are currently using
one or more complete streets programs, as
are cities such as Colorado Springs, CO and
Louisville, KY. If you’re interested in more
specifics, check each city’s web page for
contact information.

Please go to www.apwa.net/WorkZone for information on how not later than December 17, 2007 to: The Mercer Group,
to submit a position advertisement on the website and in the Inc., P.O. Box 546, Weimar, CA 95736. Please contact Clark
APWA Reporter. Wurzberger at: (530) 637-4559 or by e-mail at: cwurzberg-
er@excite.com for further inquiries. Brochure available at:
Director of Construction and Maintenance
www.mercergroupinc.com. The Port of Los Angeles is com-
Port of Los Angeles
mitted to workforce diversity and is an Equal Opportunity
San Pedro, CA
Employer.
Salary: $120,352–$149,500 plus exceptional
executive benefits Traffic Engineer
The Port of Los Angeles (Los Angeles Harbor Department), Mission Viejo, CA
the nation’s number-one container port and a leader in the $7,094–$9,577 Per Month
utilization of Green-Port technologies, is seeking a seasoned, (Salary effective December 29, 2007)
contemporary manager with a significant supervisory back- Full-time vacancy scheduled Monday through Friday from
ground overseeing a high-performing professional, techni- 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. assigned to work at City Hall. As-
cal and trade-oriented staff engaged in the design, light con- sists in planning, organizing, overseeing and coordinating
struction and maintenance of public works or marine-related professional, technical and office support activities related
facilities and infrastructure. A newly-created position, the to all programs and activities of the Transportation Division
Director of Construction and Maintenance, will lead within the Public Works Department; performs various pro-
the largest Division within the Harbor Department with a fessional field and office traffic engineering and transporta-
staff of 290 and an annual operating budget exceeding $34 tion planning work; and provides professional assistance to
million. The Director is a critical member of the Port’s De- the Transportation Manager. Equivalent to graduation from
velopment Team and reports directly to the Deputy Execu- a four-year college or university with major course work in
tive Director for Development. Responsible for the overall civil, traffic or transportation engineering or a related en-
planning, direction and management of the Division, the gineering field and six (6) years of professional traffic or
Director of Construction and Maintenance oversees transportation engineering design, plan review and project
subordinate managers and professional staff engaged in administration experience, preferably in a public agency set-
the light construction, maintenance, preventive mainte- ting. Current registration as a Civil or Traffic Engineer in
nance and repair of harbor and marine structures including the State of California is required. Submit résumé by 3:00
wharves, pilings, container cranes, vehicles, boats, bridges, p.m., January 11, 2008. Call the City’s 24-hour JobLine at
docks, high voltage systems, lighting, security systems, utili- (949) 470-3088 or visit http://cityofmissionviejo.org.
ties, landscaping, buildings, pipelines, tanks, pump stations,
storm drains and streets. Port assets also include a sizeable Stormwater Engineer
fleet of alternative fuel vehicles complemented by a rapidly San Juan County Public Works Department
growing Port Police fleet employing many cars, boats and Friday Harbor, WA
motorcycles. The Director of Construction and Main- Reports to: Utility Manager
tenance must possess a bachelor’s degree in engineering, Department: Public Works
construction management or architecture with five years FLSA Status: Exempt
of experience with operational responsibility with facili- Positions Supervised: None
ties/fleet/port and/or public works infrastructure OR have a Basic Function: Under general direction, the Stormwater
bachelor’s degree in management or business or public ad- Engineer performs engineering and watershed management
ministration with ten years of experience. Registration as a work for the San Juan County Stormwater Utility. This posi-
Professional Engineer in California is a plus but not required tion involves the application of a high level of professional
for serious consideration. Experience implementing and engineering knowledge and skills to watershed manage-
maintaining an Environmental Management System that ment planning, project designs and development regula-
applies “green” practices and products to facility mainte- tions. An employee in this position provides direct support
nance is desirable. Résumé/Cover Letter must be submitted to the Utility Manager, Public Works Director, and County

Engineer. The Stormwater Engineer is responsible for all en- in land surveying or a related field, and four (4) years of
gineering aspects of the development and implementation responsible surveying experience with at least two years in
of a countywide, comprehensive stormwater management a supervisory position. Or, any combination of education,
program. An employee in this position provides technical training and experience that would ensure the knowledge
stormwater review of development plans including technical required to successfully perform the duties of this position;
interpretations and policy recommendations related to the (3) Possession of a valid, unrestricted (except for vision),
County Code. Minimum Qualifications: Completion of driver’s license; (4) Advanced skill in cartography, drafting,
a bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university GIS applications and automated mapping; (5) Thorough
with major course work in civil, environmental or water re- knowledge of right-of-way and property legal descriptions;
source engineering or related engineering field; five years of (6) Ability to use personal or workstation computers in a
experience in stormwater management/water resource engi- graphic environment; (7) Ability to follow and establish rig-
neering; possession of a Professional Engineer’s registration orous quality control procedures and produce work at exact-
in the State of Washington, or through reciprocity, the abil- ing high-level standards; (8) Desire to observe and abide by
ity to obtain the same; possession of valid driver’s license, all state- and county-established standards for good practice
supplemented by a satisfactory driving record. Desired: of the land surveying profession and the associated policies,
Completion of a master’s degree; experience in hydrologic, practices, methods, goals and objectives of this department;
hydraulic and water quality modeling, wetland mitigation, (9) Demonstrated personal skills must show a high degree
soil erosion and sediment control; experience in watershed of self motivation, self discipline and organization. Contact:
planning, flood control, floodplain management and the www.co.san-juan.wa.us.
administration of a stormwater management regulatory
program; ability to analyze drainage components (and sup- Director of Public Utilities
portive calculations) of development site plans; knowledge St. Louis, MO
of and participation in stormwater-related efforts of federal, The City of St. Louis is seeking a registered professional en-
state, county and local government agencies. Contact: www. gineer for the position of Director of Public Utilities. This is
co.san-juan.wa.us. a cabinet-level position that is appointed by the Mayor of
the City of St. Louis. The appointment is on a term basis.
Surveyor The duties of the position include directing the activities of
San Juan County Public Works Department the Public Utilities Department which includes a major wa-
Friday Harbor, WA ter utility with 375 employees, a historic farmers’ market,
Reports to: County Engineer and the Communications Division. Candidates must have
Department: Public Works at least ten years of professional experience and be qualified
FLSA Status: Exempt to design as well as to direct engineering work. The City of
Positions Supervised: None St. Louis offers competitive salary and benefits for this po-
Basic Functions: This is a professional position that provides sition commensurate with experience. Interested individu-
a broad range of land surveying services to all divisions of als should submit a cover letter, résumé, and references to:
Public Works, such as land surveying, data collection and Henry LaZard, 1114 Market Street Ste. 700, St. Louis, MO
interpretation, computer mapping and GIS, field supervi- 63101, e-mail: hlazard@stlwater.com. Position requires City
sion of department survey staff, documentation and record residency within 120 days of being appointed. The City of
storage of County surveys and right-of-way, review of plats, St. Louis is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
and land subdivisions for meeting County requirements,
and coordination with the engineering design team for the Principal Civil Engineer
Department of Public Works in both office and field envi- Santee, CA
ronments. Projects and assignments range in scope from The City of Santee (San Diego County) is seeking a Principal
site-specific topographic and boundary needs to complex Civil Engineer in the Capital Improvement Projects (CIP)
computer topographic modeling and section and bound- section (annual salary: $76,791–$103,668 DOQ). Require-
ary retracement for large capital improvement projects of ments include any combination of education and experi-
the County. Additional survey requests may also come from ence that demonstrates the ability to perform the duties of
other County departments. Work is highly technical and is this classification, i.e., a bachelor’s degree in civil engineer-
performed in an independent manner with general instruc- ing and five years of progressively responsible and recent
tions from the County Engineer and Public Works Director. civil engineering experience. Registration as a Civil Engineer
Work is reviewed through meetings, conferences, and results in California is required at time of hire. Deadline: Open un-
achieved. Minimum Qualifications: (1) Registration as a til filled. A City application with cover letter, résumé and
licensed professional Land Surveyor in the State of Washing- five work-related references required. Call (619) 258-4100
ton or a state having reciprocity with Washington with the ext. 262 or visit www.ci.santee.ca.us for more information.
ability to obtain reciprocity licensing within six months of The applicant selected will be subject to a criminal history
employment; (2) Bachelor’s degree with major course work investigation through the California Department of Justice.

Director of Public Works gineer. Salary range: $58,000–$64,000 with an attractive ben-
Richmond, VA efit package. Located in northern Wisconsin on the shores
$98,838–$150,858 DOQ of Lake Superior, Ashland offers a quaint and historic down-
The Department has an operating budget of $60 million, a town, excellent beaches and boating, spectacular views, and
capital budget $37 million and 663 employees. The Director proximity to the outstanding recreational opportunities of
is responsible for leading the Department’s four Divisions: the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest and Apostle Is-
Finance and HR Administration, Engineering and Technical lands National Lakeshore. This moderately progressive com-
Services, Operations, and General Services. Candidates must munity is rich in history, culture, and natural beauty and
possess the vision, customer service focus, and leadership offers exceptional local schools. The City Engineer position
needed to direct an urban public works operation, plus ten plans, organizes, directs and reviews the activities of the
years of public works experience including five years at the City’s 10-person Engineering Division. Performs profession-
Director or Deputy Director level. Submit letter of interest, al engineering work in the research, planning, design, en-
salary history, and résumé ASAP, but no later than January gineering and construction of public infrastructure projects
18, 2008 to: Mr. W.D. Hawkins, The Hawkins Company, 600 within the City of Ashland. Position requires regular contact
Corporate Pointe, Suite 1120, Culver City, California 90230; with public officials, City staff, consultants, developers, con-
(310) 348-8800 x14; (310) 348-8844 (fax); bill@thehawkin- tractors, and the general public in situations which require
scompany.com. EOE/ADA. For full profile go to www.the- considerable tact and judgment. The preferred candidate will
hawkinscompany.com. possess a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering with registra-
tion as a Professional Engineer in the State of Wisconsin,
Assistant Director of Public Works - Operations & or ability to obtain through reciprocity, and have five years
Maintenance of civil engineering practice which includes three years in
Cary, IL design of transportation, utility, and drainage infrastructure,
The Village of Cary (population 18,713), approximately 40 and three years of progressively responsible administrative
miles northwest of Chicago, is seeking qualified applicants and supervisory experience in the field. For complete job
to fill the position of Assistant Director of Public Works (Op- description and employment application, contact the Ash-
erations & Maintenance Division). Major duties and respon- land City Clerk’s Office: 601 Main Street West, Ashland, WI
sibilities of this position include, but are not limited to, the 54806. Phone: (715) 682-7071. The information is available
following: (1) Direct supervision of 15 staff members in the on the City’s website at www.ci.ashland.wi.us. Interested
Village’s Operations & Maintenance Division; (2) Responds candidates should send application, cover letter, completed
to and resolves public inquiries; (3) Oversees various depart- Authorization and Release form, and résumé, postmarked
ment duties including utility management (storm sewer, no later than January 11, 2008.
sanitary sewer, streetlights), street repairs, building and ve-
hicle maintenance; (4) Oversees various service programs, Assistant Director of Public Works – Transportation
both in-house and contractual, including tree trimming, Fairfield, CA (pop. 105,000)
brush chipping, thermoplastic marking, snow removal, and The scenic, progressive and growing City of Fairfield, located
right-of-way mowing; (5) Ensures the proper maintenance midway between San Francisco and Sacramento in Solano
of equipment and tools; and (6) Performs any and all other County, seeks an experienced professional to serve as Assis-
duties as assigned. A full recruitment profile is available at tant Director of Public Works – Transportation. This position
www.caryillinois.com under “Job Opportunities.” The Assis- provides leadership and direction for 10 employees with re-
tant Director of Public Works (Operations & Maintenance sponsibility for transportation planning, transit operations,
Division) is a non-union position requiring, at a minimum, and transportation and transit capital improvements. The
a high school diploma or GED equivalent, five (5) years of Transportation Division operating budget is approximately
prior public works experience and supervisory training, and $7 million. The ideal candidate possesses excellent interper-
a Class B (CDL) license within six months of hire. Current sonal and communication skills and a proven track record
salary range for the position is $72,080–$88,023. Qualified of building strong relationships with key internal and ex-
individuals interested in being considered for this position ternal stakeholders including regional transportation agen-
should send a letter, résumé, and three references to: Cris cies. Candidates experienced with transportation funding
Papierniak, P.E., Director of Public Works, Village of Cary, sources will be favorably considered. Bachelor’s degree in
655 Village Hall Drive, Cary, IL 60013, (847) 639-0003, (847) civil engineering or related field and five years of relevant
639-4963. The position will remain open until filled. Equal experience required, including at least two years of admin-
Opportunity Employer istrative and management responsibility. Registration as a
CA professional civil engineer also required (out-of-state
City Engineer registered engineers must receive CA registration within
Ashland, WI one year of appointment). Experience in traffic engineering
The City of Ashland, Wisconsin (pop. 8,534) is seeking an and knowledge of transit operations highly desirable. Sal-
experienced design professional for the position of City En- ary range: $115,548–$140,448 DOQ plus attractive benefit

plan (PERS 2.7% @ 55 retirement). Final filing date: Monday, Senior Civil Engineer
January 14, 2008. Submit cover letter with current salary, Irvine, CA
résumé, and four work-related references to: Stuart Satow, The City of Irvine (population: 202,000) is a 65-square-mile
CPS EXECUTIVE SEARCH, 241 Lathrop Way, Sacramento, city located in Orange County, California. Irvine, incorpo-
CA 95815, (916) 263-1401, Fax (916) 561-7205, e-mail: re- rated in 1971, is an award-winning master-planned commu-
sumes@cps.ca.gov; recruitment brochure: www.cps.ca.gov/ nity, with top-rated educational institutions, an enterpris-
search; City website: www.ci.fairfield.ca.us. ing business atmosphere, sound environmental stewardship
and respect for diversity. We are seeking an accomplished
City Engineer
and resourceful individual to fill a Senior Civil Engineer va-
Rio Rancho, NM
cancy within the Building and Safety Division of the Com-
Under the direction of the Director of Public Works, the City
munity Development Department. The Senior Civil Engi-
Engineer is responsible for managing engineering planning,
neer will perform advanced professional civil engineering
budgeting, design and construction of all public works; en-
tasks related to grading, such as performing complex and
sures quality customer service and improves the quality of
technical plan reviews for public or private land develop-
life of the community; and manages traffic control to en-
ment. The successful candidate will also provide proactive
sure safe and efficient pedestrian and vehicular movement
project leadership and technical guidance to engineers, con-
throughout the city. All offers of employment are contin-
sultants, work groups and/or other staff. Position requires a
gent upon successful results of a drug screen, criminal re-
bachelor’s degree in civil engineering or related field with
cords check, and verification of an insurable driving record
five years professional engineering experience, or any com-
and if appropriate, a physical examination. For further infor-
bination of education and experience that provides equiva-
mation, please see our website at www.ci.rio-rancho.nm.us.
lent knowledge, skills and abilities. Professional Registration
To apply you must complete an application online and fax
as a Civil Engineer in the State of California is also required.
to (505) 891-9183, or stop by Human Resources, 3200 Civ-
Salary $71,466 to $107,198, plus excellent work/life bene-
ic Center Circle NE, Rio Rancho, New Mexico 87144. NO
fits. For more information about this position and to apply
PHONE CALLS PLEASE.
online by January 31, 2008, please visit www.cityofirvine.
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www.apwa.net/congress

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Products in the News
Allianz Madvac Inc. Dotworkz introduces

introduces the new D2-XC camera enclosure
LT500 high-capacity litter with patented Ring of
collector Fire™ cold weather
The LT500 provides high- protection
volume litter collection in Dotworkz, a worldwide
hard-to-reach areas, virtually leader in surveillance video
transforming the traditional monitoring equipment and
manual litter picker into design, has introduced its revolutionary new D2-XC camera
a highly automated litter enclosure equipped with the company’s patented Ring of
collection system, leading Fire™ heating system. Able to prevent surveillance cameras
to increased productivity. By from freezing in temperatures down to -40° F, the D2-XC is
significantly reducing fatigue compatible with 99% of analog and IP PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom)
causing injuries, litter picking cameras, including models from Pelco, Axis, Sony, Toshiba
has never been safer than with and Canon. Key to the success of the D2-XC is the Ring of
the LT500. The LT500 vacuums Fire™ system. It provides constant warm airflow within the
trash and litter from trash cans, enclosure to safeguard the sophisticated electronics found
landfills, highways, parks and campgrounds, composting in today’s surveillance cameras. Built-in defrosting removes
and recycling plants, streets, ditches, alleyways, racetracks, snow and ice from the D2-XC’s lower dome that would
stadiums, ports, rail stations, zoos and many other hard- otherwise obstruct the camera’s view, maintaining the ideal
to-reach areas. Features include joystick-controlled robotic monitoring and recording setting. For more information call
vacuum hose arm; ergonomically-designed operator cab (866) 575-4689 or visit our website at www.dotworkz.com.
that provides an unobstructed view; and straight-through
suction with no restrictions. For more information call Koch Knight announces
Allianz Madvac Inc. at (800) 862-3822 or send e-mail to solutions for
info@allianzmadvac.com. wastewater RTOs
Koch Knight LLC, a leading
New Model 245 Horizon innovator in corrosion-proof
heater now available materials and environmental
from Firelake heat transfer equipment,
To add to their already expansive announces its range of
line of multi-oil heaters, solutions for regenerative
Firelake has introduced the thermal oxidizers (RTOs)
new Horizon Model 245 to the market. The Model 245 in municipal wastewater
features the same patented burner design and tubeless design treatment. Koch Knight’s patented FLEXERAMIC®
that the Firelake name is known for. Firelake’s Horizon single- ceramic structured packing is engineered to resist
pass heaters are fueled by used crankcase oil, transmission siloxane clogging and maximize RTO uptime. FLEXERAMIC
and hydraulic fluids, as well as other petroleum-based structured packing is composed of corrugated ceramic sheets
lubricants. They are ideal for use in auto service centers and that are vertically aligned in the RTO bed, eliminating any
lube shops, auto dealerships, construction and fleet garages horizontal surfaces that may create resistance to vapor
and any location that generates used oil. Their popularity is flow. This geometric construction dramatically reduces the
due to the fact that they reduce heating costs and eliminate channeling of vapor and provides for more efficient contact
waste oil disposal costs. More information is available at of hot gases with the ceramic surface. For more information
www.firelakemfg.com, by calling (866) 252-3757 or (540) visit www.kochknight.com, call (330) 488-1651 or send
437-1203, or by e-mailing msmith@firelakemfg.com. e-mail to info@kochknight.com.

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works including:
April 13-16, 2008
Appraisal/Appraisal Review
Relocation Assistance • Training and Exercise (12/13/07)
Property Management
Title & Utility Research & Coordination
• Resource Management (1/31/08)
• Reimbursement (3/20/08)
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www.pulltarps.com www.hrc-engr.com
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Symposium on Climate Change

April 9-10, 2008 • Tempe, AZ
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impacting today’s public works departments, Water Supply Wastewater
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Trenchless Technology
January 10, 2008
If not properly managed,
laying in new lines potentially
can cause serious safety and
economic risks. Find out how
trenchless technology has
expanded applications, can
lower project costs and prevent
damage. Whether repairing the
existing utilities or installing
new ones, there is a trenchless
process for the job.
Topics include:
Manhole adjustment problems? • Reducing the costs MCP Industries
Need Help?
We Have Solutions!
of underground pipe Career Opportunities
installation and renewal
www.manholeriser.com • Creating a better- Mfg. co. having locations in sev-
developed design eral states seeking qualified can-
approach for construction, didates for Sales/Engineer for No.
ADJUSTABLE replacement and/or repair TX, AR, OK, No. LA. Qualifica-
RISER CO. INC. of underground utilities tions incl. bachelor’s degree (civil
engineering or related field desir-
641-672-2356 • 1-800-785-2526 • Improving quality control
able). Sales exp. in construction/
Fax: 641-672-1038 through the specification
Oskaloosa, Iowa and use of new, alternative infrastructure industries, i.e.,
equipments underground utility contractors,
dept. of sanitation. Desirable to
TM Call: 1-800-848-APWA have experience but willing to
train into position. E-mail résumé
to cholt@mcpind.com.
IN HALF THE TIME
Cut concrete forming time in half
with Poly Meta Forms®. This
Mfg. co. having locations in sev-
revolutionary system out eral states seeking qualified can-
performs wood hands didates for Civil Engineer/Pro-
down. Ask about
our “Sidewalk motional Rep/Sales Engineer for
Construction Kit” Arizona. Qualifications incl. bach-
designed for
Public Works
elor’s degree (civil engineering or
Crews. related field desirable). Sales exp.
in construction/infrastructure in-
Metal Forms Corporation • www.metalforms.com dustries, i.e., underground utility
Phone: 414-964-4550 • Fax: 414-964-4503 contractors, dept. of sanitation.
Desirable to have exp. but will-
YOUR ONE SOURCE FOR BREAKAWAY ing to train into position. E-mail
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Installation & Repair

UPCOMING APWA EVENTS
International Public Works Congress & Exposition North American Snow Conference
2008 Aug. 17-20 New Orleans, LA 2008 Apr. 13-16 Louisville, KY
2009 Sept. 13-16 Columbus, OH 2009 Apr. 26-29 Des Moines, IA
2010 Aug. 15-18 Boston, MA
For more information, contact Brenda Shaver at (800) 848-APWA or send
2011 Sept. 18-21 Denver, CO
e-mail to bshaver@apwa.net.
2012 Aug. 26-29 Indianapolis, IN
2013 Aug. 25-28 Chicago, IL
National Public Works Week: May 18-24, 2008
For more information, contact Dana Priddy at (800) 848-APWA or send
e-mail to dpriddy@apwa.net. Always the third full week in May. For more information, contact Jon
Dilley at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to jdilley@apwa.net.
JANUARY 2008 FEBRUARY 2008

10 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Trenchless Technology,” 7 APWA web-based training, “The Black and White of
(800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net Pavement #3: Construction of Quality Flexible and Rigid
Pavements,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net
16-17 APWA Advanced Construction Inspection Workshop, San
Rafael, CA, (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net 8-12 American Traffic Safety Services Association, Convention & Traffic
Expo, New Orleans, LA, (800) 272-8772, www.atssa.com
17 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “The BEST from the San
Antonio Congress: Aging Infrastructure Litigation—How 11-14 American Rental Association, The Rental Show, Las Vegas, NV,
to Prevent It; How to Defeat It!, (800) 848-APWA, www. (800) 334-2177, www.ararental.org
apwa.net
20-22 APWA Public Fleet Management Workshop, San Jose, CA,
22-25 World of Concrete, Las Vegas, NV, (866) 962-7469, www.concrete.org (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net
31 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “TARGET Emergency 21 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Water—A Precious Resource
Preparedness #2: DURING the Disaster—Resource in Diminished Supply,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net
Management,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net
INDEX OF ADVERTISERS
When you contact an advertiser regarding a product, please tell them you saw their ad in the APWA Reporter. Thanks! – The Editor
Legend: IFC = Inside Front Cover; IBC = Inside Back Cover; BC = Back Cover
American Road & Transportation Gee Asphalt Systems, Inc., p. 58 PacifiCAD, p. 58

Builders Association, p. IBC www.geeasphalt.net www.pacificad.com
www.workzonesafety.org
Harris & Associates, p. BC Paragon Partners Ltd., p. 58
ATL Disaster Recovery, Inc., p. 25 www.harris-assoc.com www.paragon-partners.com
www.atldisasterrecovery.com
Historical Bricks, p. 58 Pulltarps Manufacturing, p. 58
Brandon Industries, Inc., p. 39 www.historicalbricks.com www.pulltarps.com
www.brandonindustries.com
Holt Technologies, p. 59 Sun Valley Lighting, p. 1
Buchart-Horn, Inc., p. 58 www.holttechnologies.com www.sunvalleylighting.com
www.bh-ba.com
Hubbell, Roth & Clark, Inc., p. 58 TMA Systems, p. 9
Burns & McDonnell, p. 59 www.hrc-engr.com www.tmasystems.com
www.burnsmcd.com
The Kelly Group Inc., p. 35 TYMCO, Inc., p. 51
Central Parts Warehouse, p. 58 www.thekellygroupinc.com www.tymco.com
www.centralparts.com
Manhole Adjustible Riser Co., p. 59 Upper Iowa University, p. IFC
Dannenbaum Engineering Company, www.manholeriser.com www.uiu.edu/apb
p. 58
www.dannenbaum.com MCP Industries, p. 59 USABlueBook, p. 45
www.mcpind.com www.usabluebook.com
Designovations, Inc., p. 59
www.designovations.com Metal Forms Corporation, p. 59 WEST Consultants, Inc., p. 59
www.metalforms.com/ar www.westconsultants.com
Enterprise Information Solutions,
p. 36 M.J. Harden Associates, Inc., pp. 47, The Willdan Group of Companies,
www.eRoadinfo.com 58 pp. 6, 59
www.mjharden.com www.willdan.com
ESRI, p. 2
www.esri.com/surveyanalyst NTech Industries, Inc., p. 58
www.ntechindustries.com

Use It...Save Lives!
www.workzonesafety.org
American Road & Transportation Builders Association-Transportation Development Foundation

1219 28th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. • 202-289-4434 • 202-289-4435 (Fax)
This material is based upon work supported by the Federal Highway Administration under cooperative agreement No. DTFH61-06-H-00015.
Program Management
Construction Management
Civil Engineering
Architecture
Municipal Services
harris-assoc.com

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AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION • JANUARY 2008 • www.apwa.

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Vol. 75, No. 1

The APWA Reporter, the official magazine of

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ISSUE

42 52 WorkZone: Your Connection to Public Works Careers

57 Products in the News

uring the recent wildfires In January 2005, then-APWA Presi-

4 APWA Reporter January 2008

January 2008 APWA Reporter 5

Distinctive Strengths. all interdependent on one another, and it is impossible to

Yes, we have had some great successes. We have Presidential

As people who value freedom, we believe in the power of

6 APWA Reporter January 2008

Take Your and Your Staff’s Professional Development to the Next

August 16, 2008, New Orleans, Louisiana

For more information about APWA certification programs, visit http://www.apwa.net/certification/

January 2008 APWA Reporter 7

8 APWA Reporter January 2008

Run your facility maintenance department efficiently and effectively with a

800.862.1130 • www.tmasystems.com • sales@tmasystems.com

January 2008 APWA Reporter 9

he North American Snow Conference, the premier Exhibits

10 APWA Reporter January 2008

American Public Works Association Presents:

2008 APWA North American Snow Conference

April 13 - 16, 2008

Kentucky International Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky

Snow Conference at a Glance

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Register before March 15 and save $50 on a full registration!

Online registration is available at www.apwa.net/snow.

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Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky (courtesy of the Louisville

If golf is on your mind, be sure to take part in the Kentucky

January 2008 APWA Reporter 15

This was a rewarding experience because I got to briefly talk

16 APWA Reporter January 2008

As I sat there watching all the excitement in the room I no-

January 2008 APWA Reporter 17

Rebecca's experience After the initial introductions, members of the Diversity

The final activity of the morning was the networking exer-

18 APWA Reporter January 2008

16-17 Advanced Construction Inspection Workshop – San Rafael, CA

31 TARGET Emergency Preparedness #2: DURING the Disaster – Resource Management

7-8 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Phoenix, AZ

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