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    Mini Project Lab Manual

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    blzz2net
    The document describes several electronic circuits, including: 1. A touch switch/plate circuit that uses a 4011 IC flip-flop to switch power to an LED and relay when contact plates are touched. It introduces capacitive touch switching. 2. A dancing light/sound level indicator circuit that uses transistors and LEDs to indicate different sound levels, with more LEDs illuminating as the sound increases. 3. A simple LED dancing light circuit built with two transistors in a multivibrator configuration, causing the LEDs to glow alternately. 4. A water level indicator circuit that uses a CD4060 timer IC to sound a buzzer and blink an LED when two touch

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mini Project Lab Manual

    Uploaded by

    blzz2net
    457 views7 pages
    The document describes several electronic circuits, including: 1. A touch switch/plate circuit that uses a 4011 IC flip-flop to switch power to an LED and relay when contact plates are touched. It introduces capacitive touch switching. 2. A dancing light/sound level indicator circuit that uses transistors and LEDs to indicate different sound levels, with more LEDs illuminating as the sound increases. 3. A simple LED dancing light circuit built with two transistors in a multivibrator configuration, causing the LEDs to glow alternately. 4. A water level indicator circuit that uses a CD4060 timer IC to sound a buzzer and blink an LED when two touch

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    S6 ECE

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    The document describes several electronic circuits, including: 1. A touch switch/plate circuit that uses a 4011 IC flip-flop to switch power to an LED and relay when contact plates are touched. It introduces capacitive touch switching. 2. A dancing light/sound level indicator circuit that uses transistors and LEDs to indicate different sound levels, with more LEDs illuminating as the sound increases. 3. A simple LED dancing light circuit built with two transistors in a multivibrator configuration, causing the LEDs to glow alternately. 4. A water level indicator circuit that uses a CD4060 timer IC to sound a buzzer and blink an LED when two touch

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    457 views7 pages

    Mini Project Lab Manual

    Uploaded by

    blzz2net
    The document describes several electronic circuits, including: 1. A touch switch/plate circuit that uses a 4011 IC flip-flop to switch power to an LED and relay when contact plates are touched. It introduces capacitive touch switching. 2. A dancing light/sound level indicator circuit that uses transistors and LEDs to indicate different sound levels, with more LEDs illuminating as the sound increases. 3. A simple LED dancing light circuit built with two transistors in a multivibrator configuration, causing the LEDs to glow alternately. 4. A water level indicator circuit that uses a CD4060 timer IC to sound a buzzer and blink an LED when two touch

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    Trinity college of Engineering



    TOUCH SWITCH/PLATE
    Introduction
    The kit combines a touch switch and a touch plate all together in the same kit. In
    the touch switch two leads must be shorted together by your finger touching them. In the
    touch plate one plate needs to be touched. The touch switch only needs a battery to activate it
    but the touch plate requires a main power supply. A relay rated at 240V is included with the kit
    so that you may use to switch light or other mains appliances. To use the relay you must use a
    12V supply taken from the main power supply.
    The use of the relay to switch 220V supply with this project must use the correct
    boxes and connectors to protect us. The kit is constructed on a single sided printed circuit
    board (PCB). A computer aided design programme is used to design the board.
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM








    CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
    The main part of the circuit are the two NAND gates of the 4011 IC which are connected as a
    flip-flop. Pins 9 and 13 are the ON and OFF contacts. The two gates are connected to the
    positive rail by the two 10M resistors. Shorting one of the gates with the ground rail by
    touching it (this is equivalent to connecting about 50K between gate and ground) FLIPs the
    output to that state. Shorting out the other contact FLOPs it back again. The output of the flip-
    flop drives a transistor connected as a switch. It switches an LED and a relay. The relay is rated
    to switch 240V. Connecting the two 1K resistors connects the other two NAND gates of the IC
    into the flip-flop and makes it much more sensitive with all four gates connected as flip flop.
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    Trinity college of Engineering

    The touch switch works by capacitive pickups to the mains hum. When the contact is touched
    body capacitance picking up general RF in the air is enough to short the plate to ground.
    Because the touch plate uses mains hum as it method of shorting the gate to ground a mains
    connected power supply must be used to supply power to the switch. A battery will not work.
    The 4011 is a quad (4 of), 2 input, NAND gate.

    PARTS LIST
    Resistors
    R1, 2, 3 - 1K
    R4, 5 - 10M
    Semiconductors
    D1 -1N 4002
    IC1 -4011/14011
    Tr1 -BC 557
    Miscellaneous
    12V Relay 1No
    14 pin IC socket 1No.
    5mm LED 1No

    The kit introduces the 4011 IC. Go through the connections of the IC to determine the
    LOW/HIGH levels as the OFF and ON plates are touched. Notice how connecting the two 1K
    resistors increases the sensitivity of the circuit.




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    Trinity college of Engineering

    DANCING LIGHT/SOUND LEVEL INDICATOR
    INTRODUCTION
    Here is a simple circuit that can be used for dancing lights or as a sound level
    indicator. Most of the record player amplifiers, stereo systems or cassette decks etc. that are
    available a few years ago had no such indicators as it was a costly affair. The circuit described
    here costs around Rs.50/- and can be installed easily.
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM











    CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
    Transistor TI amplifies the signal received through VR1 & C1 at the base of the transistor from
    speaker terminals connected between points A & B. the 100k preset VR1 in series with coupling
    capacitor C1 serves as the sensitivity control and can be set for the best response. Diode D1 is
    used for providing polarity protection to the circuit, in case it is connected with reversed
    polarity. R1 is the biasing resistance for T1. Capacitor C2 provides a bit of time delay to give
    sufficient time for providing base voltage to transistor T2 and T7 so that they conduct & LEDs
    connected at collectors to the transistors glow. Diode D2 to D7 provide base voltages along
    with resistances R9 to R14.
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    Trinity college of Engineering

    The values of resistors R9 to R14 are chosen in such a way that transistors T2 to T7
    conduct in sequence, which the level of sound increases at the maximum sound level, T7 will
    conduct while at lower levels it will remain inactive. Diode D2 to D7 ensure unidirectional base
    voltages to transistors T2 to T7 for good response. D8 to d14 are LEDs with current limiting
    resistance R2 to R8 of 1K, watt each. D8 is Zero sound level LED, which starts glowing as
    soon as the system is switched on.
    Two similar circuits can be assembled in small veroboards of 7.5cm *5cm
    for the two channels of a stereo system.
    PART LIST
    RESISTORS
    R1, 10 -4.7K, R2,3,4,5 - 1K
    R6, 7,8 1K, R9 2.2K
    R11 6.8K, R12 10K
    R13 18K
    R14 22K
    VR1 100K
    CAPACITORS
    C1 100UF/10V
    C2 220UF/16V
    SEMICONDUCTORS
    T1 BC 158B
    T28 BC 148
    D17 - IN 4001
    D8.14 LED


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    Trinity college of Engineering

    LED DANCING LIGHT (9V)
    INTRODUCTION
    There are many ways to attract people by wearing colored clothes or by different
    hair styles etc. Here is novel idea to attract others towards you. The circuit given below is
    nothing but simple multivibrator using transistors.
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM








    The LEDs are connected to collector of each transistor thus they glow alternatively. PCB is easy
    to construct within couple of minutes.
    Parts list
    R1, R3 56K
    R2, R4 100E
    Capacitors
    C1, 2- 100uf/16V or 4.7uf/16V
    Semiconductors
    T1,2 BC148
    LED Red- 3
    LED green- 3

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    Trinity college of Engineering

    WATER LEVEL INDICATOR
    Introduction
    This simple circuit gives an audio visual indication when the overhead tank fills.
    The buzzer beeps and LED blinks when the sensor touch pads makes contact through water.

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM










    Normally the touch pads are free so that the reset pin 12 of IC1 will be high (as set by VR1).This
    inhibits the oscillation of IC. IC CD4060 is used as the timer with the timing components C1 and
    VR2. IC oscillates when its reset pins 12 turns low. So normally the output of IC1 will be low and
    the LED and buzzer remain off. When the water level increases and makes contact with the
    touch pads, it shorts and the reset pin 12 of IC1 will turns low. This initiates the oscillation of IC
    and the buzzer sounds along with the blinking of LED.




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    Trinity college of Engineering

    MUSICAL BURGLAR ALARM

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