Bachelor of Technology (Electronics and Communication Engg.

)
Scheme of Courses/Examination
(4th SEMESTER

Course No. Course Title Nature of subject No of Dept. offering Weekly Load
Stude the subject ( Hours )
Compulsory(C) nt L* T* P*
Elective (E) enroll
ed
MATH- 201E / Mathematics III / C 66 Applied 3 1 1
HUM-201E Basics of Industrial Sciences
Sociology, Economics & Humanities
Management.
MAT-204E Computational Techniques C 66 Computers 3 1 1
ECE-202E Electronics Instrumentation & C 66 Electronics 3 1 1
Measurements
ECE-204E Digital Electronics C 66 Electronics 3 1 1
EE-208E Signals & Systems C 66 Electronics 3 1 1
ECE-206E Fields & Waves C 66 Electronics 3 1 1
ECE-208E Electronics Measurements C 66 Electronics - - -
Lab.
ECE-210E Digital Electronics Lab. C 66 Electronics - - -

MAT-206E Computational Techniques C 66 Computers - - -

Lab.
Total 18 6 6

4th Semester

113
 4th Semester

MATH-201 E MATHEMATICS - III

L T P Theory : 100 Marks

3 1 - Sessional : 50 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.

UNIT – I
Fourier Series: Euler’s Formulae, Conditions for Fourier expansions, Fourier expansion
of functions having points of discontinuity, change of interval, Odd & even functions,
Half-range series.
Fourier Transforms : Fourier integrals, Fourier transforms, Fourier cosine and sine
transforms. Properties of Fourier transforms, Convolution theorem, Perseval’s identity,
Relation between Fourier and Laplace transforms, Fourier transforms of the derivatives
of a function, Application to boundary value problems.

UNIT-II
Functions of a Complex Variables : Functions of a complex variable, Exponential
function, Trigonometric, Hyperbolic and Logarithmic functions, limit and continuity of a
function, Differentiability and analyticity.
Cauchy-Riemann equations, Necessary and sufficient conditions for a function to be
analytic, Polar form of the Cauchy-Riemann equations, Harmonic functions, Application
to flow problems, Conformal transformation, Standard transformations (Translation,
Magnification & rotation, inversion & reflection, Bilinear).

UNIT-III
Probability Distributions : Probability, Baye’s theorem, Discrete & Continuous probability
distributions, Moment generating function, Probability generating function, Properties
and applications of Binomial, Poisson and normal distributions.

UNIT-IV
Linear Programming : Linear programming problems formulation, Solution of Linear
Programming Problem using Graphical method, Simplex Method, Dual-Simplex Method.

Text Book
1. Higher Engg. Mathematics : B.S. Grewal
1. Advanced Engg. Mathematics : E. Kreyzig

Reference Book
1. Complex variables and Applications : R.V. Churchil; Mc. Graw Hill
2. Engg. Mathematics Vol. II: S.S. Sastry; Prentice Hall of India.
3. Operation Research : H.A. Taha
4. Probability and statistics for Engineer : Johnson. PHI.

Note : Examiner will set eight question, taking two from each unit. Students will be
required to attempt five questions taking at least one from each unit.
114
 4th Semester

COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES
(MAT-204E)
L T P THEORY : 100 Marks
3 1 - SESSIONAL : 50 Marks
TOTAL : 150 Marks
TIME : 3Hrs.
Part – A
1. Matrix Inversion: -
Gauss Elimination Method, Gauss Jordan Method, Crout’s Method, Doolittle Method,
Choleski’s Method, Improvement in the accuracy of an inverse, The Escalator Method
for Matrix Inversion, Inverse of a complex matrix.

2. Operational Research: -
Linear Programming Problems formulation, Solving linear programming problems using
Graphical Method, Simplex Method, Dual Simplex Method.

Part –B Numerical Methods with Programming in Language ‘C’

3. Numerical Solution of Algebraic & Transcendental equation: -

Bisection Method, Regula Falsi Method, Newton Raphson Method, Secant Method,
Convergence of Secant Method, Rate of Convergence of Newton’s Method & Condition
of Convergence of Newton Raphson’s Method.

4. Solution of Simultaneous Equations: -

Crout’s Triangularisation Method, Jacobi’s Iteration Method, Gauss Seidal Iteration
Method, Relaxation Method, Newton’s Method for Non Linear System of equation &
Iterative Methods.

5. Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equation: -

Picard’s Method, Euler’s Method, Modified Euler Method, Euler’s improved Method,
Runge-Kutte Method, Milne’s & Adams-Bashforth Predictor-Corrector Method.

Part – C

6. Finite Differences: -
Difference Operators, Newton Forward & Backward Interpolation formula, Gauss central
difference formulae, Bessel & Stirling formulae, Lagrange’s & Newton Divided
Difference, Interpolation formula for unequal intervals, Numerical Differentiation,
Numerical Integration – Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3 rd Rule & 3/8th rule, Weddle’s
Rule.

7. Difference Equations: -
Formation of Difference Equation, Solution of Linear Difference Equations.

115
NOTE:
Question paper is to be set in three parts taking at least two questions from each part of
the syllabus. There will be a total of eight questions in all. Students will be required to
attempt five questions selecting at least one question from each part.

Books Recommended: -
1. Numerical Methods for Scientific & Engineering Computation by M K.
Jain, R.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar, New Age Publications.
2. Numerical Analysis By Goel & Mittal, Pragati Prakashan.
3. Higher Engg. Mathematics by B. S. Grewal.
4. Mathematical Analysis in Engg. By Cang C. Mai
5. Numerical Mathematical Analysis by James B. Scarborough.

116
 4th Semester

ELECTRONICS INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENTS

(ECE-202E)

L T P THEORY : 100 Marks

3 1 - SESSIONAL : 50 Marks
TOTAL : 150 Marks
TIME : 3Hrs.

UNIT-I:
MEASUREMENT AND ERROR: Functional elements arid generalized configuration of a
measuring Instrument, Characteristics of instruments, errors in measurements and their
statistical analysis.
MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE: Wheat stone bridge, Carey-Foster Bridge, Kelvin
double bridge, Measurement of Insulation resistance.

UNIT-II:
A-C BRIDGES: Maxwell Inductance bridge. Maxwell Inductance Capacitance Bridge,
Anderson’s Bridge, Hay’s Bridge, De-Sauty’s Bridge, Schering’s bridge and Wein’s
bridge.
VOLTAGE INDICATING AND RECORDING DEVICES: Analog voltmeters and
Potentiometers, Self balancing potentiometer and X-Y recorders, Galvanometers -
Oscillographs, Cathode - Ray Oscilloscopes, Magnetic Tape Recorders.

UNIT-III:
ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS: Wave analyzer, Distortion meter: Q-meter.
Measurement of Op-Amp parameters.
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS: Digital Indicating Instruments, Comparison with analog type,
digital display methods, digital methods of time and frequency measurements, digital
voltmeters.

UNIT-IV:
TRANSDUCERS: Classification of Transducers, Strain Gauge, Displacement
Transducers - Capacitive Transducers, LVDT, Piezo-electric Transducers, Temperature
Transducers - resistance thermometer, Thermocouples and Thermistors, Liquid level
measurement Low pressure (vacuum) measurement.
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS: A to D and D to A converters, Analog and Digital Data
Acquisition Systems, Multiplexing, Spatial Encoders, Telemetry.

TEXT BOOK:
A Course in Electrical and Electronics Measurements and Instrumentation: A.K.
Sawhney; Dhanpat Rai & Sons.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques: Cooper W.D &
Helfrick A.D.; PHI
2. Doeblin E.O., Measurement Systems: Application & Design, Mc Graw Hill.

117
NOTE:
Eight questions are to be set in all by the examiner taking two questions from each unit.
Students will be required to attempt five questions in all.

118
 4th Semester
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
(ECE-204E)

119
 THEORY : 100 Marks
L T P SESSIONAL : 50 Marks
3 1 - TOTAL : 150 Marks
TIME : 3 HRS

120
UNIT 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL TECHNIQUES:
Digital signal, logic gates: AND. OR, NOT. NAND. NOR- EX-OR, EX-NOR, Boolean
algebra. Review of Number systems. Binary codes: BCD, Excess-3. Gray codes.

COMBINATIONAL DESIGN USING GATES:

Design using gates. Karnaugh map and Quine Mcluskey methods of simplification.

UNIT 2 COMBINATIONAL DESIGN USING MST DEVICES

Multiplexers and Demultiplexers and their use as logic elements. Decoders. Adders /
Subtracters. BCD arithmetic Circuits. Encoders. Decoders / Drivers for display devices.

SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS:
Flip Flops: S-R- J-K. T. D, master-slave, edge triggered- shift registers, sequence
generators. Counters. Asynchronous and Synchronous Ring counters and Johnson
Counter, Design of Synchronous and Asynchronous sequential circuits.

UNIT 3 DIGITAL LOGIC FAMILIES:

Switching mode operation of p-n junction, bipolar and MOS-devices. Bipolar logic families:
RTL, DTL, DCTL. HTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, and CMOS logic families. Tristate logic.
Interfacing of CMOS and TTL families.

UNIT 4 A/D AND D/A CONVERTERS:

Sample and hold circuit, weighted resistor and R -2 R ladder D/A Converters,
specifications for
D/A converters. A/D converters: Quantization, parallel -comparator, successive
approximation, counting type.
Dual-slope ADC, specifications of ADCs.

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES:

ROM, PLA. PAL, Introduction to FPGA and CPLDs.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Modem Digital Electronics (Edition III): R. P. Jain; TMH

121
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Digital Integrated Electronics: Taub & Schilling: MGH
2. Digital Principles and Applications: Malvino & Leach: McGraw Hill.
3. Digital Design: Morris Mano: PHI,

NOTE: Eight questions are to be set in all by the examiner taking at least one question
from each unit. Students will be required to attempt five questions in all.

122
 4th Semester

EE-208-E SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS.

L T Theory: 100 Marks

3 1 Sessional: 50 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Time: 3 Hrs.

SIGNAL
UNIT-I
Types of signals:- Deterministic and Stochastic, periodic and a periodic, impulse
functional sequences, analog and discrete, singular functions. Signal representation in
terms of singular functions, orthogonal functions and their use in signal representation.
Fourier series, Fourier and La-place transforms. Convolution theorem, geometrical
interpretation and application.

UNIT-II
Probability concepts, random variable, pdf, cdf, moments, distributions, correlation
functions. Characterization of stochastic signals.
Discretisation of analog signals – sampling, sampling theorem and its proof. Effect of
under sampling, recovery of analog signals from sampled signal. Characterization of
Discrete signals – in terms of impulse sequences, Z-transforms. Properties, inversion and
applications of La-place, Fourier and Z-transforms.

SYSTEM
UNIT-III
Classification linear and non-linear, time invariant and time varying, Lumped and
distributed. Deterministic and Stochastic. Casual and non causal, Analog and
Discrete/Digital memory and memory less, 1 port and N – port, SISO, SIMO, MISO, MIMO.
UNIT-IV
System modeling in terms of differential, equations, state variables, difference equations
and transfer functions.
Linear time invariant system properties, elementary idea of response determination to
deterministic and stochastic signals. Concept of impulse response.

REF. BOOKS :
1. Fred J Taylor –“Principles of Signals and System”, MGH.
2. Simon Haykins – “Signal & Systems”, Wiley Eastern
3. A Papoulis – “Circuit and System” Modern Approach HRW

NOTE: Eight questions are to be set in total covering entire course selecting two questions
each unit. Each question will be of equal marks Students will be required to attempt five
questions in all, selecting at least one question from each unit.

123
 4th Semester
FIELDS & WAVES
(ECE-206E)
L T Theory: 100 Marks
3 1 Sessional: 50 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Time: 3 Hrs.
UNIT-1
ELECTRIC FIELD AND CURRENT
Coulomb's law. Electric field intensity, field due to a continuous volume charge distribution,
field of a line charge, field of a sheet of charge, electric flux density, Gauss's law and
applications, electric potential, the dipole, current density, continuity of current, metallic
conductors, conductor properties and boundary conditions, the method of images, the
nature of dielectric materials, boundary conditions for perfect dielectric materials,
capacitance of two wire line, Poisson's and Laplace’s equations, uniqueness theorem.

UNIT-II
MAGNETIC FIELD AND MAXWELLI EQUATION
Biot - Savart law. Ampere's law, magnetic vector potentials, force on a moving charge,
differential current element, force and torque on a closed circuit, the boundary conditions,
the magnetic circuit, potential energy and forces on magnetic materials.
Faraday's law, Maxwell's equations in point form and integral form Maxwell's equations for
sinusoidal variations, retarded potentials.

UNIT-III
THE UNIFORM PLANE WAVE
Wave motion in free space and perfect dielectrics, plane waves in lossy dielectrics. The
Poynting vector and power considerations, propagation in good conductors, skin effect,
reflection of uniform plane waves, SWR.

UNIT-IV
TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES
The Transmission line equations, graphical methods, Smith chart, time-domain and
frequency-domain analysis. TE, TM, TEM waves, TE and TM modes in rectangular and
circular waveguides, cut-off and guide wavelength, wave impedance and characteristic
impedance, dominant modes, power flow in waveguides, excitation of waveguides,
dielectric waveguides.

REFERENCES:
1 Jordan E C & Balmain K G, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, PHI.
2 David K. Chang, Field and Waves Electromagnetics, Addison Wesley.
3 Hayt W H JR., Engineering Electromagnetics, Tata McGraw Hill, Fifth edition.

NOTE:
Eight questions are to be set in all by the examiner taking two questions from each unit.
Students will be required to attempt five questions in all.

124
 4th Semester
ELECTRONICS MEASUREMENTS LAB
(ECE-208E)

L T P Sessional : 50 Marks
- - 3 Viva : 50 Marks
Total : 100 Marks
Time : 3hrs.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. To measure the unknown Inductance in terms of capacitance and

resistance by using Maxwell’s Inductance bridge.
2. To measure unknown Inductance using Hay’s bridge.
3. To measure unknown capacitance of small capacitors by using
Schering’s bridge.
4. To measure 3-phase power with 2-Wattmeter method for balanced and
unbalanced bridge.
5. To measure unknown capacitance using De-Sauty’s bridge.
6. To measure unknown frequency using Wein’s frequency bridge.
7. To measure unknown low resistance by Kelvin’s Double bridge.
8. To test the soil resistance using Meggar (Ohm meter).
9. To calibrate Energy meter using standard Energy meter.
10. To plot the B-H curve of different magnetic materials.
11. To calibrate the Voltmeter using Compton Potentiometer.
12. To convert the Voltmeter into Ammeter using Potentiometer.
13. Insulation testing of cables using Digital Insulation Tester.
NOTE:
Eight questions are to be set in all by the examiner taking two questions from
each unit. Students will be required to attempt five questions in all.

125
 4th Semester
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB
(ECE-210E)

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Familiarization with Digital Trainer Kit and associated equipment.
2. Study of TTL gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR.
3. Design and realize a given function using K-Maps and verify its
performance.
4. To verify the operation of Multiplexer and Demultiplexer.
5. To verify the operation of Comparator.
6. To verify the truth table of S-R, J-K, T, D Flip-flops.
7. To verify the operation of Bi-directional shift register.
8. To design and verify the operation of 3-bit asynchronous counter.
9. To design and verify the operation of asynchronous Up/down counter using
J-K FFs.
10. To design and verify the operation of asynchronous Decade counter.
11. Study of TTL logic family characteristics.
12. Study of Encoder and Decoder.
13. Study of BCD to 7 segment Decoder.

NOTE:
Eight questions are to be set in all by the examiner taking two questions from
each unit. Students will be required to attempt five questions in all.

126
 4th Semester

COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES LAB

(MAT-206E)

L T P Sessional : 50 Marks
- - 3 Viva : 25 Marks
Total : 75 Marks
Time : 3hrs.

List of Experiments

 The Source codes for the following problems are to develop by the
students & results should be verified.

1. Solution of Non-Linear Equation in single variable using the method of

successive Bisection.
2. Solution to non-linear equation in single variable using the Newton-
Raphons method.
3. Solution to non linear equation in single variable using the Secant
method.
4. Solution to a system of simultaneous algebraic equations using the
Gaussian elimination procedure.
5. Solution to a system of simultaneous algebraic equations using the
Gauss-Seidel iterative method.
6. Numerical solution to an ordinary differential equation using the Eulers
method.
7. Numerical solution to an ordinary differential equation using the
Range-Kutta Method.
8. Numerical solution to an ordinary differential equation using the
Predictor Corrector Method.
9. Numerical Solution to the Laplace equation using the method of finite
differences.
10. Solution to system of simultaneous equations using Gauss-Seidal
iterative method employing the technique of successive relaxation.

NOTE:
At least eight experiments are to be performed from above list and the concerned
institution as per the scope of the syllabus can set remaining two.

127