Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 54 views

    SolutionsCW7 2011

    Uploaded by

    ShootingStarPhotons
    1. The document provides solutions to problems involving relativity and coordinate transformations. It shows the steps to obtain the metric from differentials of coordinates and uses identities to cancel cross terms. 2. It derives the Euler-Lagrange equations for this problem by taking differentials of the Lagrangian and substituting into the Euler-Lagrange equations. This allows reading off the Christoffel symbols. 3. It shows that the antisymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor vanishes when contracted with the metric, leaving only the symmetric part.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SolutionsCW7 2011

    Uploaded by

    ShootingStarPhotons
    54 views2 pages
    1. The document provides solutions to problems involving relativity and coordinate transformations. It shows the steps to obtain the metric from differentials of coordinates and uses identities to cancel cross terms. 2. It derives the Euler-Lagrange equations for this problem by taking differentials of the Lagrangian and substituting into the Euler-Lagrange equations. This allows reading off the Christoffel symbols. 3. It shows that the antisymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor vanishes when contracted with the metric, leaving only the symmetric part.

    Original Description:

    quantum

    Original Title

    SolutionsCW7-2011

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document provides solutions to problems involving relativity and coordinate transformations. It shows the steps to obtain the metric from differentials of coordinates and uses identities to cancel cross terms. 2. It derives the Euler-Lagrange equations for this problem by taking differentials of the Lagrangian and substituting into the Euler-Lagrange equations. This allows reading off the Christoffel symbols. 3. It shows that the antisymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor vanishes when contracted with the metric, leaving only the symmetric part.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    54 views2 pages

    SolutionsCW7 2011

    Uploaded by

    ShootingStarPhotons
    1. The document provides solutions to problems involving relativity and coordinate transformations. It shows the steps to obtain the metric from differentials of coordinates and uses identities to cancel cross terms. 2. It derives the Euler-Lagrange equations for this problem by taking differentials of the Lagrangian and substituting into the Euler-Lagrange equations. This allows reading off the Christoffel symbols. 3. It shows that the antisymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor vanishes when contracted with the metric, leaving only the symmetric part.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    RELATIVITY (MTH6132)

    SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM SET 7


    1. Taking dierentials from the coordinate transformation
    dx = dr sin sin + r cos sin d + r sin cos d,
    dy = dr sin cos + r cos cos d r cos sin d,
    dz = dr cos r sin d.
    One then takes squares from this expression and substitutes in the line element. Using
    the standard identities
    sin
    2
    + cos
    2
    = 1, sin
    2
    + cos
    2
    = 1,
    one obtains the desired result in particular notice that all cross terms like drd,
    etc. cancel out.
    2. Dividing the line element by d
    2
    one obtains
    L =

    ds
    d

    2
    = y
    3
    x
    2
    + x
    4
    y
    2
    .
    For i = 1 the Euler-Lagrange equation reads
    d
    d

    L
    x

    L
    x
    = 0.
    A calculation shows that
    L
    x
    = 4x
    3
    y
    2
    ,
    L
    x
    = 2y
    3
    x,
    d
    d

    L
    x

    = 6y
    2
    y x 2y
    3
    x.
    Putting all together and simplifying one gets
    x +
    3
    y
    x y + 2
    x
    3
    y
    3
    y = 0.
    From here one can directly read

    1
    11
    = 0,
    1
    12
    =
    3
    2y
    ,
    1
    22
    =
    2x
    3
    y
    3
    .
    For i = 2 the Euler-Lagrange equation is
    d
    d

    L
    y

    L
    y
    = 0.
    Again, a computation yields
    L
    y
    = 3y
    2
    x
    2
    ,
    L
    y
    = 2x
    4
    y,
    d
    d

    L
    y

    = 8x
    3
    x y + 2x
    4
    y.
    It follows then that
    y +
    4
    x
    x y +
    3y
    2
    2x
    4
    x
    2
    = 0,
    from where one reads

    2
    22
    = 0,
    2
    11
    =
    3y
    2
    2x
    4
    ,
    2
    12
    =
    2
    x
    .
    Putting this information into the formula for the Riemann tensor one has
    R
    1
    212
    =
    1

    1
    22

    1
    12
    +
    1
    e1

    e
    22

    1
    e2

    e
    21
    ,
    =
    1

    1
    22

    1
    12
    +
    1
    11

    1
    22
    +
    1
    21

    2
    22

    1
    12

    1
    21

    1
    22

    2
    21
    =
    1

    1
    22

    1
    12

    1
    12

    1
    21

    1
    22

    2
    21
    =
    2x
    2
    y
    3

    3
    4y
    2
    .
    3. By denition
    T
    (ab)
    =
    1
    2
    (T
    ab
    + T
    ba
    ) ,
    T
    [ab]
    =
    1
    2
    (T
    ab
    T
    ba
    ) .
    Adding one nds that
    T
    ab
    = T
    (ab)
    + T
    [ab]
    .
    Now,
    g
    ab
    T
    ab
    = g
    ab
    T
    (ab)
    + g
    ab
    T
    [ab]
    .
    Recalling that g
    ab
    is symmetric one obtains (following the same argument as in ques-
    tion 5 of CW5 that
    g
    ab
    T
    [ab]
    = g
    ab
    T
    [ba]
    = g
    ba
    T
    [ba]
    = g
    ab
    T
    [ab]
    ,
    from where it follows that
    g
    ab
    T
    [ab]
    = 0.
    4. A local inertial frame at a point p are coordinates such that at the point p the
    metric is the Minkowski metric, the rst derivatives of the metric vanish, but the
    second derivatives do not. Hence the Christoel symbols vanish at p, but not their
    derivatives. Important: these properties are only valid at p!
    The expression for the Riemann tensor follows from the notes. Now, interchanging
    a and b in the expression one obtains
    R
    bacd
    =
    1
    2
    (
    d

    b
    g
    ac
    +
    c

    a
    g
    bd

    b
    g
    ad

    a
    g
    bc
    ) = R
    abcd
    as required.
    See the denitions for the Ricci tensor and scalar in the notes. To prove that R
    bd
    is symmetric note that
    R
    bd
    = R
    a
    bad
    = g
    ae
    R
    ebad
    = g
    ae
    R
    adeb
    = g
    ea
    R
    adeb
    = R
    e
    deb
    = R
    db
    .
    In this chain of equations it has been used that g
    ae
    is symmetric and that R
    ebad
    =
    R
    adeb
    . Notice that one can only use the symmetries of the tensor if all the indices are
    in the same position that is, all covariant or all contravariant.

    You might also like