THE

~ COMPENDIUM
'-'
~~~~~~--~--~--~--~~~~~~--~~~
v The best ATARI® Home Computer- Programs from the first ten issues of A.N.A.LQ. C . Computing Magazine.

From the editors of

A.N.A.L.O.G Computing

A.N.A. L. D.G Magazine Corp.

Worcester, Massachusetts
 J

This book is d edicat ed to J

our pare nts.
J
J

Copyright C 1983 A.N. A.L O.G. Computing Corp.

A.N. A.LO.G. Corp. is in no way affiliated with Alari.
ATARI and 800 ITt' trademarks of Alari, Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may Ix reproduced, in any form o r
by any means, wi thout the prior written permission of the
publisher.

PriMed in the U n ited St1Itcs of America

ISBN 0-9 14177·00· 1
1098765432 1
v Table of Contents
Introduction .............................................................••.. • ....... Jon A. Bell 4
Chec:ksum Programs
C:CHECK ......... . ........... . ....•.•....•...••.. . ..• • .. . ........................ Tom Hudson 7
D:CHECK2 .................... . ......•... •• ...• . .• . ...•.......... Istvan Mohos and Tom Hudson 9
Programming Utilities
Unleash The Power of Atari 's CPU ......•....•.... . .•....• .. . ... , .... , ................. Ed Stewart 13
Console Button Subroutine ............•...••.. . ••.• . ..••.. . ...• . ..•..• . ............. Jerry White 15
Trapping Your Atari ................ ...•.... • ......•....•......•....•.•......... Donald B. Wilcox 16
Bassnotes in BAStC ............•.... • ...... • .... • .•.... • ...... • ....•.•.............. Jerry While 18
AUDCTL Demo .........•.....••...• •• •. .. . ••..•• • •....•.. . ..••...• • .• . .. • .......... Jerry White 19
Variable Lister ................••...••. • ....•.... . ...... • ......•....•......•...... Tony Messinna 20
Buncrush .....................•....•...... • ...........•......•....•. •. ...•....... Tony Messina 24
Sys/Stat .................... . .•....•.•....•...•••• . .. .• ... • • • • . ...• • • ... .• ..... Robert Hartman 30
Faster Character Dumps ........ . .. . ..... . ........... . . . .... . . . ......... . .......... Joseph Trem 31
Multiprocessing ............. . ••....•.... . .•....•.... • ...... • ...... • .... • .•........ Mark Chasin 34
Graphic:s
Graphics 9 GTIA Demo....... .. . . .......... . .. . .................. . . . .... . . . .................... 14
Circle Demo ................•......•....•.•.... • ....•.•....•.... . ......•...................... 23
Triangle Demo .............. • ...... • .... . .•....•.... . .•....•.... . .•.... . .•.................... 29
Atari Symbol Demo ......................... . ........ .... .. . .. ...... . ............... Craig Weiss 33
Graphics 10 GTIA Demo. . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . • • •• . . . . . • . . .•• . . . . . . •. . . • •. • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Moving Players in Basic ........... . .•....•...... • ....•......•.... • ...... • ........... Jerry White 39
Using DUs ..............................•......•.... • ......•.... • ...... • ......... . Joseph Trem 42
A Graph ics Clipping Routine ......... . .. . . . .. . .... . ............... . .. . ... .. ... ..... . Tom Hudson 44
3-D Graphs Made Fast and Easy .......... .. . . ... . . ........... . ...... . .. . ..... ...... Tom Hudson 47
Sphere Demo ...................... • .... • ....•.•....•......•....•......•...................... 49
Graphic Violence ...................•....•.... . . • ....•......•....•......•.......... Tom Hudson 50
Graphics 11 GTIA Demo.. ......... . . . . ........ . . . ..... .. .... . ... . .............................. 57
Atari 1020 Printer Demo ..... . . ...... . . .. .. .. . ................... . ....... . .......... Tom Hudson 58
Rainbow Demo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . • . . . . • . . . . . • • . . . . • . . . . • . • . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Swirl Demo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . •. . . . . . • . . . . •. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Snowflake Demo .................•.... . ...... • .... • .•....•.•....•......•.... • .... . .•.......... 109
Graphics 8 Color Demo ......•....•.. . , . . . . .. ... . . .. . . ... .. . .. .... . . . . . .. .... .... . . . . .......... 114
Moi re Demo ................. , . ..• , .. . ,....... •.•.. . . • ....•.•.... • .... . .•....•................. 122
Circle Radius Demo. . . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . •. . . . . . • . . . . •. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Pretty Demo.................................. •.•.. . .• . ... . .•.... • .... . .•....•................. 157
Atari 1020 Printer Demos ................ . . . ... .. ... . ............ .. .... . ..... . ...... Tom Hudson 58
>J Disk Utilities
Disk Files: Using NOTE and POINT ...... . ............................................ Jerry White 61
Disk Directory Dump .. . ................•. • . ..••.. . ••... •. ••.. . • • . • . ..••...•....... Tony Messina 63
Burp! .................................•...... , ....•...... , ....•...... , ........ Charles Bachand 66
The Black Rabbit 2.0 ................ . .........•....•.... . . • ....•...... • ........... Brian Moriarty 69
Disk Tool 1, Rev. 3 ........................... • •.. • . ••..•. . • • . • • •• •... . •• . .•. ...... Tony Messina 75
Home Utilities and Educ:ation
Home Energy Consumption Analysis ............ . ... .. ... ... .... . . .... . ... ........ Joseph E. Harb 101
Typing Trainer ..............................• • • ..••••.. , . • • ...••... • ..••........... . ... Regena 110
Entertainment
Motorcycle Maze Rider ..........•......•....•.•...••...••.•.... , .... .. •........ Charles Bachand 117
Dino Battle . .................. •• ..• . ..• , .. . • . . •. ...•....•.•....•...••.• . ........ Art V. Cestaro III 119
Triple Threat Dice................ ........... ............ . ..................... Michael A.lvins 123
Bicycle ............................•• • •...• •• •. • . • , . .. . •. • . , •........... . ........... Dan Devos 126
Color Slot Machine ............................................................. Micheal A. Ivins 128
Halls Of The Leprechaun King ...................... . . ...... . ....... Keith Evans and Ted Atkinson 135
Stuntman ......................................... • ....•.•.................... Stephen Pogatch 140
Dungeons and Dragons Character Generator .........•....•. , .......................... Bob Curtin 143
Dungeons and Dragons Housekeeping 2 ........... . . , .... , .... . .•....•................ Bob Curtin 149
Thunder Island ......... ........ ................. • .... ..• ....•...... •. ............ Craig Patchett 158
Maniac! ................................... , ....•.•...••.•.. . . • ....•.•........... Rick Messner 161
Harvey Wallbanger ...... . . • .... • ....•.•....• . . . • , . • . .. • •.. .. . •• . ..••... • ...... Charles Bachand 166
Fill 'er Up II . . •... ....... . .•....•......•....•. • ....•... , •.•....•.... . . • ............ Tom Hudson 175
PAGE 4 THE A.NAl.O .G. COMPENDIUM VOl. 1

Introduction

Lee Pappas and Mike DesChenes of Worcester, Massachusetts bought their fi rst Atari home co m~
puters in November of 1979. Their first year as Atari owners was spent developing their program~
ming skills, blowing away Zylons, and tearing out their hair because of the lack of support for their
new machines. Where was the information that they (and thousands o f other Atari owners) so
despera tely needed? From the seeds of this frustration, Atari users groups began sprouting up all
over the country. New Atari owners started pooling their knowledge and linking their collective
consciousness via bulletin board systems. Nevertheless. there was no dedicated publication for
their systems, no single source of information that could link Atari owners together. Lee and Mike
decided to do something about it.

In November of 1980, they started an Ata ri ~on l y publication called A .N .A.L.O.G.400/ 800
Magazine . The fi rst issue was only 40 pages long, and had a modest print run of 4000 copies. Gra ti~
fy ingly, it sold out. Almost three years and 15 issues later, A.N.A .L.O.C Computing has grown to
over 160 pages, wi th a world~wide distribution of over 80,000 copies - and no end in sight.
v
With the small er print runs of the earlier issues, we had virtually no returns. Su pplies of back
issues sent out from ou r editorial o ffi ces were q uick ly exhausted. Reprints were done of issues 2, 3
o
and 4 . These sold out, too. Compoundi ng the problem was the fact that the newcomers [ 0
A.N.A.L.O.G. wanted any and all issues previous to the first o ne they purchased. The later the
issue, the more back issues they needed. The solutio n? This book.

The A.N.A.L.O.C. Compendium is not intended as an all~encompassing

primer o n Atari pr o~ v
gramming. Although many of the programs incl uded here were originally written as tutor ials , it was
never our intention to publish a textbook. The A.N.A.L.O.C. Compendium is presented solely '-/
as a collectio n of programs to benefit those who missed out on o ur first ten issues. Some of the v
programs here have been revised and improved since they originally appeared in the magazine.
We have also included several programs never before published. V
V
Whether you' re interested in utilities, tutoria ls or games, we hope you enjoy our first book.
V
G
V

Jon A. Bell V
Managing Ed ito r V
A.N.A.L.O.C. Computing

c
v
 , VOL. 1 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. CO MPENDI UM PAG E 7
v
v

C:CHECK

16 K Casse tte
b y Istva n M o h os a nd To m Hudson

When typing programs into your computer from Sa mple C:C HEC K o utput:
the A.N. A . L. O.G. Com pe ndium , there is always
a chance of making a mistake. C:CHECK will help
you find such errors very easily. Type in the accom~
panying program and SAVE it. Follow the instruc·
tions be low to check C:CHECK as you wou ld any
other p rogram.
C HEC King yo ur ty ping. Each line of the program being checked ha s
1. Type in the program listing from the Com . its own checksum va lue. If any characte rs in the
pc ndium . Visually check it for obvious errors line are incorrect, the checksum value will be
(missing lines, etc ). different from the corresponding value in the
2. LIST the program to be checked to Co mpend ium . The checksum data is set up so that
cassette. Use the command: there are 15 checksum val ues in each line with the
LIST "C," 16th value containing the total of the checksums.
3. LOAD C:CHECK and RUN it. The line number of the checksum line tells which
4 . C:CHECK will ask you if you want the line numbe r is first in the checksum group. In the
output to go to the sc reen or printer. T ype S for example above, the first line checked in the fi rst
screen o r P for printer and press RETURN. checksum line is 10, and its checksum isJ4 . The first
5. C:CHECK will ask (or an issue number. line chec ked in the second checksum line is 160, and
For the Compe ndium , type 99 and press RE- its checksum is 82. The first line checked in the third
TURN. lf you read A . N.A.L.O.G. Compu(~ checksum line is 310, and its checksum is 65.
in g Magaz in e, you can useC:CHECK to check Let's assume the C HECKSUM DATA above was
the programs in each issue. Just type the issue listed in the C om pendium , and you typed in the
number and press RETURN . program and checked it with C:CHECK.
6. Position the tape to the beginning of the The fi rst thing to do would be to look at the total
program to be checked and press PLAY on the of the values in the first line. Th is value shou ld be
program recorder. Press R ETURN. 2957. as shown in the Compendium C HECKSUM
7. C:CHECK will begin reading the program DATA. However, in the results in the C:CHECK
from tape and generate a checksum table. This outpu t, the total is 3 108. Th is means that there is an
dMa should match the "C HECKSUM DATA" error in the 15 checksum values in this line. Com-
v printed after the program listing you are paring the Co mpe ndium checksums to the
checking. The following example shows how to C:CI-IECK output, we find that the seventh check-
check for errors. su m is 244 in the C:CHECK data, and should be93.
This means that there is an error in the seventh line
Sample Compendium CHEC KSU M DATA, of the program. Note the error and continue
c hecking. The rest of the line is correct, so we go o n
to the second line.
Now we check the toral of the second line of
checksum dara. The toral of2302 in our C:CHECK
v
PAGE 8 THE A.N .A.l. O. G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1 v
v
da ta matches the {Otal in {he Compendium , so we 338 1 U2;CHKSUH; ..... ; :TOTlll:T01I1L+CHKSU V
M:G010 239
ca n go on to {he third checksu m line. 3,(8 CLOSE ttl:IF lINECOUN1::;Z THEN 370 J
The third chec ksum line is d ifferent fro m the 350 ? tt2iTOTAl
368 CLOSE U2:ENO v
others in that it o nly checks fo ur lines. This is 370 ? .. ~.. :? "Your 1:!IIped-in progra" wa
because it is at the end o f the program , and the p ro- S no1: proper1!11LISTed to tape."
380 1 : ? "PleaSE> LIST your progra .. to
gram d id no t ha ve an even multiple of 15 li nes. The 1:ape. thenRUN ";CHRSe3'('j"CHECk";CHR$(
line is checked the sa me as the others. As you can see, 3.(';" again,":CLOSE U2:ClR :ENO v
the total o f the line sho uld be 547, b ut is o nl y 200 in v
the CCHECK d ata . Looking at the CCHECK •
output, you will notice that there is o ne less check- CHECKSUM DATA
sum value ( the 356 in the Compendium checksum (See pgs. 7~1O) v
data ). This means that the fi rst line in the program
after line 3 10 is missing . The last chec ksum in this 198 00 TO 1'8,75',11.135.1'1,5'.(,1'8,88 u
li ne is also incorrect. It is a 3 4 and sho uld be 25. This 6 , 763,,(67,'31,198.,(65,572,187.62'7
2S8 0010 76.(,'22,11,168.375,783,38",25 u
means that the third line after line 310 in the p ro- '.53',8'8,875,136.732,361.711,(
gram is incorrect .
To summarize, there were 3 erro rs in the program
we checked. Two erro rs were ca used by mistakes in •
the lines, and a third appeared because a who le line
was missing.
~ .. _Q nce you have no ted all erro rs, type NEW and
pres~· -RETttR N. This erases the C:CHECK
prOgram. Nf:'x.t, bring the p rogram being checked
into memo r y by positio ning the tape and ty ping:
ENTER "C,"
If the p rogra m had erro rs. correct the lines in
erro r. If t here were no erro rs, the p rogram is correct
a' id read y to run . 0
v
180 ~EM ~ DEBUGGING AID u
BV ISTVAN MOHOS
IJ9 REM VERSION 2 MODS AND CAS SETTE
128 ~EM VER S ION BV TOM HUDSON
138 GRAPHTC,) o: ? :? "T"'i§ run will LIS
T data s1a1PMen1s 10 t ... P scrppn or
print('r . "
1'8 ? :? "Thi s DOTA is cr('.:I1:f'd by f'ual
uating each r. ... aracler of a user prn
graM. LISTed 1:0 tape , ": ?
J.58 DIM OUT$(1l,J$U281 .C A$(I)
168 ? "OUTPUl TO ~~EEN OR I!lRUTER";: I
NPUT OUTS : IF OUT$\ ) " 5 " OND i'iU1S {) "P" 1
HEN 168
178 IF OU1S ::; " S" THEN OPEN U2,8.0,"E:":
GOTD 209
180 CLOSE U2:? "~REAOY PRINTER AND PRE v
SS t:lii'H:l:r 'i : JNPUT CR$
1'0 TRAP 188 : 0PEN tt2. 8 . 0,"P : "
280 ? :? "ENTEA I S SUE NUH8EP" ;: TRAP 1.8
O: INPIJT I S SUE v
219 1 :? "RE"OV lOPE "NO PRESS f :lii'II;r: ~'
; : OPEN ttl . ',O."C:" : ? : '>
228 Z::; 8 : LINECOUNT:Z:PLIN::; Z: M=2 v
239 TROP 3,(0: INPUT ttl , IS: lUECOUNT=LIN
ECOUN1+1 : lINUH::; UOlCI$Cl 5)) v
2.(8 NLCk::;NlCk+ l: IF NlCK S 1 IINO NlCK<16
THEN 2'8 v
258 IF lINECDUN1:1 THEN 1.8~
2 68 1 U2 ; TOTa L :NLCK ::; J V
'279 IF OUT$::;" S " THEN PI.TN ::; PLIN+l : TF Pl
IM::;18 THEN ? "PRESS 1:14.11:1:1 TO CONTINUE
"i : INPUT CR$ : PLIN ::;O V
288 TOlal ::; Z:? U2 ;lINU" ; " DOTA "i
2'8 CHKSUH=Z : If ISSUE>' THEN M= 2
388 FOR 1::;1 TO lENCI!) : PAODUC1=K*OSCCI
$(I , I') : CHKSUH::; CHKSUH+PROOU C T:~ ::; W+l : IF
le ::; " THEN M::;l
318 N[leT J:CHkSUH=CHkSUH+M*155:M ::; M+l:I
F M::;.( THEN M::;l
329 CHkSUM::;CHKSUH- 1989*INT(CHKSUM/ 108A
)
 VOl. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 9

D:CHECK2
16K Disk
by Istvan Mohos and Tom Hudson

When t yping p rograms into your computer from Sample "D:BUG" CHECKSUM DATA:
the A .N. A.L.O.G . Com pendium , there is always
a chance of making a mistake. D:CHECK2 will help
you find such errors ver y easily. Type in the accom~
panying program and SAVE it. Follow the instruc~
tions below to check D:CHECK2 as you wou ld any
other program.
CHECKing you r typing. Each line of the program being c hecked has its
1. Type in the program listing from the Com· own checksum va lue. If any characters in the line are
pendium . Visually c heck it for obvious errors incorrect, the checksu m value will be different from
(missing lines , etc.). the corresponding value in the Compendium. The
2. LIST the program to be checked to disk. checksum data is set up so that there are 15 check·
v sum values in each line with the 16th value conta in·
Use the comma nd:
LIST "D:progname" ing the total of the checksums.
3. LOAD D,CHECK2 "nd RUN it. The line number of the checksu m line tells which
4. O:CHECK will ask for a fi lename. Re· line number is fi rst in the checksum group. In the
spond: example above. the first line checked in the first
D:progname checksum line is 10, and its checksum is34. The first
and p ress RETURN . line checked in the secon d checksum line is l60. and
S. D:CHECK2 will ask for an issue number. its checksum is 82. The first line checked in the third
For the Compendium , type 99 and press RE~ checksum line is 310, and its checksum is 65.
TURN. If you read A . N.A.L.O.G. Comput· Let's assume the C HECKSUM DATA above was
ing Magazine , you ca n use D:CHECKZ to listed in the Compendium , and you typed in the
check the progra ms in each issue. Just type the program and checked it with D:CHECK2.
issue number and press RETURN. The first thing to do would be to look at the total
6. D:CHECK2 will execute. The screen wi ll of the values in the fi rst line. This value should be
go black in order to speed up the p rogram. 2957, as shown in the Compendi um C HECKSUM
7. When D:CHECK2 finishes, it will display DATA. Howeve r, in the results in the BUG file, the
final instructions. At this time you should type total is 3108. This means that there is an error in the
NEW and press RETURN. 15 checksum values in this line . Compa ring [hI;!
8. When D:CHECKZ executed, it created a Compe ndium checksums to the BUG checksums,
BAS IC file on disk called BUG. ENTER it into we find that the seventh checksum is 244 in the BUG
your computer with the command: data. and shou ld be 93. This means that there is an
ENTER "D,BUG" error in the seventh line of the p rogram. Note the
This file should match the "CHECKSUM error and continue check ing. The rest of the line is
DATA" pri nted after the program listing you are correct, so we go on to the second line.
check ing. The following example shows how to Now we chec k the total of the second line of
check fo r errors. checksum data. The total of 2302 in our BUG file
matches the total in the Compend ium , so wecan go
on to the third checksum line.
Sample Compe ndium CHECKSUM DATA:
The third checksum li ne is diffetent from the
others in that it only checks four lines. This is
because it is at the end of the p rogram, and the pro-
gram did not have an even multiple of lS lines. The
line is checked the same as the others. As you can see,
PAGE 10 THE A,N,A. l. O.G. COM PENDIUM VO l. 1

the total of the li ne shou ld be 547, but is only 200 in 358 COUNT=15:TOTAL=Z:IF l INECOUNT ( 15 T
HEN COUMT =lINECQUNT
the BUG fi le. Looking at the BUG file , you will 368 PAINT UJ;lINE;" OATa " ;
notice tha t there is one less checksum value (the 356 379 FDA I=j TO COUNT:OaTUH=ce15*ITEM+I
in the Compendium c hecksum data). Th is means 1 :PAINT tUiOATUH ;", "; : TOTAl=TOTAl+OATU
M:NEKI I
v
that the first line in the program after line 310 is 388 PAtNT Ul;TOTQL v
3~8 IIEH=ITE"+l:LINECOUNT= l INECOUNT - t~
m iss ing. The last checksu m in this line is also i nco r~ :IF lINECOUNT(l THEN .20
reet. It is a 34 and should be 2S. This means that the "'88 LINE:ReITEMl V
U9 COlO J59
third line after line 310 in the p rogram is incorrect. "'29 CLOSE U1 :POKe 55',PIK V
T o summari ze, there were 3 erro rs in the program .38 '1 "~TO Chl!'Ck GImI data against pri
we checked. Two errors were caused by mistakes in nted
en type:"
data stateMents, type New. Th V
the li nes, and a th ird appeared because a whole line "8 '1 "ENTER"; CHA$ U41; "0: 8UGI:14111:1:1 ,
Type lIST after the V
was missing. READ V prOMpt."
O nce you have no ted all errors, type NEW and .58 '1 :? "The line nUMber of pach d~ta V
press RETU RN. This erases the D: CHECK2 5tateMentcoincides ~ith the first lin
e Of the" U
p rogram. Next, b r ing the p rogra m being c hecked 468 '1 "use r prograM Which the data sta
teMenl evaluate s, "
into memory by typing: .78 '1 "NUMbers within eaCh data s tateN
ENTER "D:progname" ent represenl consecutive l i np s of
th!?' u s er prograM . "
If the program had errors, cor rect the lines in 488 ? "The l ast nUMber i s thp total ,"
error. If there were no errors, the progra m is correct .'9 '1 :'1 "Che ck the ~ nUMber of eac V
h s tate - Ml!'nt ~9ain~he printed vel"
and ready to run. 0 s ion ; " v
'1 "onl'\1 in case of a d:i s crepanc!,l c
each nuMber in the dala s tate~
of the lines co ntaini
19 REM ~ OE8Ur.~IMr. 010 ENTER "; CHR$ e3.,; " D :
8V t5TUON MOH05
29 f:fEM UEf:f SI ON 2 MODe;. BV TnM HUDSON the c orrertjnn s. ":END
3:9 r.ROPHICS 9: '1 :'1 "Th; s ... un wi ll tI':iT
~ata s tatpMent s with thp naMe: ~ ,PIK: ?' "1{[J":'1 "Vour t\lped -
~as not proper]~lI S Tl!'d to d
, to thp di s " . "
.8 ? :'1 "Thl!' em DaTa i .. o·p .. tpoi b!,l eov
aluating eaCh ch ..... acter of a user prog '1 :? "Please LIST your prograM to

...
raM, llSTpd to oii ..... " : ? disk, th£lnRUN ";CHASC3.);"D:CHECK";CHR
58 DIM FIS CIS) $e341;" again,":ClA :£ ND
60 CL OS E tU : '1 "ENTER FILENAMt:"; : INPUT
7 8 P IK = PEEIC e55') : Z=9: AEM IC,hJ.jfhil."l
89 '1 :'1 "EN TEA ISSUE NUMBEA"; : H~AP 8~:
•
INPUT I5SUE CHECKSU M DATA
'9 TRap 68:0PEIII Ul , .,O,FIS (See pgs. 7- 10)
1 00 0111 X GOTO J80 ,2 89 u
11Q '1 "1{" : '1 "DISABLING SC REEN .,. STaNO 18 DaTA .4,815,76 1,52.,686,38',886 , 8SA
8V . . . ":FOR 1=1 TO 808 : NEXT l:POICE 55 ' . ,86,1 2 1,'21,5'3 ,5'1, 78. ' 74 ,411 v
Z: REM debug before poking 168 04TO 482 ,125,3 8' ,6'6, 567 . 1,7,'.2,5
120 LINECOUNT=Z:OIM 1 $(126)
118 TRaP J58:IMPUT Ul;I$:lINECOUNT=lIN 61 238 8' 711 216 '43,541 2",79"
31' Data $1,,$1J,$.1,.21 ,2 ~4 , 435, 2 88, 5
v
ECOUNT-+ .1
J (9 GOTO 130 8.,553, •• 1,111,4" , 803,322,515, 7"3
.69 D4T4 2.6,68.,406,232,123,788,.80, 1
v
1St) CLOSE Ul:0=tNTClINECOIlMT / lS) : OIM C
(LINECOUNn, A eeD , 5S (5) : If (LIMECOUNT=l 1.,598,.1.5 v
OR 1$="") THEN 5J:fJ
169 IF oSCeJ$e1,11) ( 4a OR ASCeISeJ,l))
>57 THEN 530
• V
119 1C =I :GOTO '9 V
188 AANGE=Z : lINE= Z :FOR I=.t TO 5 :S SCI,1
) =" ":Ne1<T I
1'8 cOUln=z V
289 INPUT Ul ; I$:T=1 :C OUNT =COUNT+l
218 IF I$(f,n O " " THEN S$ CT,n =I$CT, V
T) : T=T+1:(;OTO 210
229 LINE=uoleS$1
238 ReRoNGE) =l INE:AaNGe=RONGE+J
249 TRAP 270: XNPUT U1;1$
2 50 COUMT=COUNTt1:lf COUN~=15 THEN 1'8
2 69 GO TO 2.0
119 CLOSE Ul:X=2:G OTO '0 u
28 8 FOR 1=1 TO lINECOUNT:CHECKSUM=Z
2~ 9 GET Ul , NUH8ER:PROOUCT : 1<*NUM8ER:CHE
CKSUM::CHfCK'SUHtPAODUCT:1<=1<+l:IF X=. TH
eN 1C:1
399 IF NUMBER:155 THEN 328
319 GOTO 2' 9
319 CHECK'SUH:CHECKSUH-1880*INT(CHECKSU
H/ I080) :C (I) =C HECK5UH:IF ISSUE), THEN
K= 2
338 NeKT I
3"'9 CL OSE U1 :0 PEN Ul, 8,O,"O:611r;":LI NE =
R (7.:) : ITEM=7.
~

v VO L. 1 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMP ENDIUM PAG E 13

'-'
v
~

V
• UNLEASH THE POWER
~

'-' OF ATARl's CPU

'-'
v
V

v
v
by Ed Stewar t
'-'

Would you like to get as much as a 30% increase in would not have been halted and, therefore , would
speed from your ATARI 6502 CPU? Would you have finished its program instructions sooner. It is
also like to get this benefit without any additional only logical to conclude that the more this DMA ac~
capital expensd If your answer is no, you probably tivity occurs o n behalf of the ANTIC c hip, the mo re
don't like apple pie, either ... but if your answer is our 6502 will be slowed down.
yes, read on, and I will tell you how to accomplish The ANTICchipre-displays the entire TV display
such a feat with onesimpie BASIC POKEin the right 60 times each second. During this period. many
place. computer cycles are stolen from the 6502. During
Firs t, a little background information about one each o f these 60 times, the ANTIC chip also "i nter ~
of the many things going on inside your ATARI rupts" the 6502 and ca uses it to perform such tasks
computer. The particular thing that I want you to as updating various software timers and reading
know about is how display information reaches your game controllers (joysticks and paddles). When the
TV screen. There is a hardware chip ca lled ANTIC 6502 finishes what it must do in response to the
that has most of the responsibility for seeing that the ANTIC "i nterrupt," it may continue with what it
display gets to your TV screen. ANTIC does this by was doing previous to being sidetracked by ANTIC.
v operating independently from the main 6502 CPU You should be getting the picture by now that, al-
in your computer. ANTIC is, in fact, a primitive though ANTIC is indispensable, it causes a slow-
C PU in its own right. It executes a program which is down in the 6502 CPU. But how much l
located in RAM, just as the 6502 executes a program I wrote a simple BASIC program fo r my ATARI
in RAM or ROM. We can therefore call the ATARla 800 in an attempt to answer thi s question. A
multiprocessing computer. since more than one FOR/ NEXT loop was executed 100,000 times with
v CPU may be active at any time. no intervening statements as follows:
v A peculiar and somewhat unfortunate thing hap~ 28 fOR I=1 10 188888:NEXT I
pens when a multiprocessing system such as the The first thing to meas ure was how long this loop
ATARI is actively executing instructions - both executes with no ANTIC DMA active. A POKE
c rus desire access to memory simultaneously. The 559.0 turned DMA off, and the TV screen went
two CPUs cannot both access memory at the same black. A POKE 559,34 turned DMA back on, and
time, so one must wait until the other completes its the original display was restored. The FOR/ NEXT
access request. This memory access conflict is loop was executed in graphics modes 0-8 with DMA
common to all computers containing more than one active, and the executive times we re observed as
C PU - from micros to macros - and is generally shown in Ta ble 1. The execution times with DMA
not something to be concerned about. increased from as little as 10% fo r graphics 3 to as
The ANTIC chip fetches its data from memory much as 4 7% for graphics 8.
using a technique called "Direct Memory Access" or It is easy to see that - if you do a lot of number
DMA. Whenever this memory fetch is occurring, crunching and you don't need the TV screen, soft-
the 6502 is temporari ly haired. DMA is said to be ware timers or game controllers - then turn off the
"steal ing" a portion of the computer's available ANTIC DMA for a while, and you'll get your answer
.J time, called a cycle. There are 1,789,790 cycles of back sooner. It is also apparent from the chart below
computer time available per second. IfDMA had not that your programs will execute faster if you are
V " stolen" that cycle of computer time, the 6502 using graphics modes 3, 4 , or 5.
PAGE 14 THE A.N .A.L. O.G . COM PENOIUM VOL. 1

I hope you have learned a little bit mote about the v

ATARI computer and how the ANTIC DMA inter~
fe res with the 6502 CPU. You may someday be able
to leash that latent power within during a computer v
chess to urnament, and - when someone asks ho w v
in the world you did it - you can smile and say, "me
and my DMA." 0 v

GRAPHICS EXECUTION % INCREASE v

MODE SECONDS (ove r no ~D MA)
NODMA 148
GRAPH ICS 0 2 16 46
v
GRAPH ICS I 188 27 V
GRAPH ICS 2 186 26
GRAPHICS 3 163 IO
GRAPHICS 4 164 II v
GRAPHICS 5 167 I3
GRAPH ICS 6 173 17
GRAPHICS 7 185 25
GRAPH ICS 8 218 47

Graphics 9 GTIA Demo

II REM '.A'"IC5 , 'TIA DEND COVAL)

2:1REN
II '.A'"IC5 ,
41 C=I:5ETCOLOI 4,e,1
'I
51 fOI 1=1 TO ~,
fOI Y=I TO '1
71 IM=~'-X:YM='S-Y:COLO. IITC5'.C.~M
+Y""'''' II . 5)
;: :tg~ ~~!X y
1 . . PLOT X 1;I- Y
v
III PLOT 7;-I , I'I-Y
12:1 .XT Y
1:11 KIT I v
1.1 C=C+l:If C>11 T"EI e=1
lSI ~'C'LO. ',C,I
1'1 r . . TINE=l TO 511:lfXT TINE V
171 UTI UI

C H ECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-\0)
v
II DATA 112:,2SJLI74L"IL2'.L2:'J,'~1,61
7 L'2:J,·11,747,7.1,7.7,1 •• ,.7.,14.2
1.1 DATA 4:11,711,114'
VOL 1 TH E A.N. A.LO .G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 15

CONSOLE BUTTON
SUBROUTINE
16 K Cassette o r Di sk
b y Je rry White

The ATA RI BASIC Reference Manual describes

decimal loc3tion 53279 as "Console switches" (bit 8 RE" COISOLE BUTTOI SU8ROUTIIE
Z- Option ; bit 1= Se lect; bit 0= Start. POKE 1 RE" BY JERRY WHITE 6/5/82
~I'.' GRAPHICS .:POIE 752~I:POI£ 711.4
53279,0 before reading. 0= switch pressed). 8:POIE .2~2:POIE 211.,,~~~
The would-be BASIC programmer has got to be a JI111 ? """"'. US~ 1h~ .t!:"!I.ra:1 OJ" IIhIlU'
button to":? : ? " highlight !!jIour (hOi
bit confused after read ing the above . In BASI C, you ce below. then"
~1121 ? :? ... pr@ss the l¥1f"1,U button " "
normally don't think about bit setti ngs, and the :fOR ~ =8 TO 8:POI£ 5J 27'.ME : JlEXT ME:G
beginner has a long way to go before he or she will osue J.lll : SEl =11
have to worry about such things. ~':POSITIO. SEL . SEl:? • PEPU H TMI ; j:
The point is that a BASIC PEEK (53279) will tell "I ~U1TOI =PEEI(5J27'):IF BUTTOI=7 T
"i
you which console buttons, if any, are pressed. You HE. 3Ie,.
3.15. 'OSUB 381'.:If CHOICE= 6 THEI 111
can see how pressing one or more buttons changes 10
the value of that location with a one-line program . 3116. ) 15 THE I SEL=11:
'OSUB
Enter line 10 below, then type RUN and RETURN. 31.7.
Watch the screen as you press the various console 101 11.
buttons, then press BREAK to abort. •••
311e. : POSIT
I I PRIIT PEEI(5327,,:,OTO 1. 101 11, :'OTO 3
8"1
Now for a somewhat mo re useful demonstration. 31"1 GOTO 3 •• '1
,ore, ,h, CONSOLE BUlTON SUBROUTINE. 3118. POSITJOI 11,11: ? " RERUI THIS PRO
'RA ... ·:? : ? • "RETURI TO BASIC" :? : ? • " R
Note that although it is a sub routine, it has been set UI ttEIU PRO'RAM": RETURN
up so that it will run without any additional code. Of 3111. TRAP 3 •• I.:POIE 2.1.1.:XF SEL =15

.
THEW ? "~":? : ? , "LOA~II' MEIU": RUJI "
co urse, you could access it (ro m your own program D:M:IU" : TRAP .. I •••
with a GOTO 30000. 3'121 IF SEL =13 THEW GRAPHICS .:? :? "
IASIC ": ? "IS" ; : POKE 752,1:1R6P ...... : E
This ro utine provides the user with th ree options.
It will allow you to RERU N THIS PROGRAM (the 31131 TR.P ...... : RUJI
program currently in RAM ), RETURN TO BASIC 311'1 GOSUB 31171
3'15' CHOICE=BUTTOW:BUTTOJl=PEEI(5127"
(which is a fancy way to say END), o r RUN A :IF IUTTOW() 7 THEW 3.15.
MENU PROGRAM from diskette. Na turall y, you JI161 GOSUe 38178 : RE1URI
38178 FOR ME =. TO 8:POIE 5327'.HE : IEXT
could change these opti ons to whatever your own ME:RETURJI
program requires. Th e START bunon is used to
execute the option that is curre ntly displayed, using •
in verse video. Pressing the O PTION or SELECT
buttons will cha nge the previo usly highlighted op- C H ECKSU M DATA
tion back to normal video and highlight the next op- (See pgs. 7- 10)
tion. When the desired option is highlighted, the
START button is used to say ''~O IT." • ~ATA 87".882, 472, 6".678 , ." 2, 127 , 1'7
. 561,185.6Z3 . Z8S.21 S L.. 13 . ' 3 5 , 781 '
Since this is a routine you will modify and include 31131 DATA 7"6 .1 "1 .2 ~7.5 2 6,717.2367
in many of your own programs, it shou ld be LISTed
onto cassette ( LIST "C:") or disk (LIST "0: •
BUlTON. LST," 30000, 30170). Who" you
want to include it as part of your own p rogram
currently in RAM , ENTER "C" : from cassette or
ENTER "Do SUlTON. LST" fcom disk. 0
PAGE 16 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPEN DIUM VO L. 1

TRAPPINCi YOUR ATARI

b y Do n ald B. Wilcox

It is often frustrating to be fo rced to restart a your program will crash. This can be p revented b y
p rogram because an inad ve rtent erro r caused the using Listing 2 .
program to crash. ATAR I BAS IC provides a special listing 3 - If you try to input data fro m
word - TRAP - that often can be used to prevent a a d isk file beyond the e nd ~o f~ fi l e , yo u will get
program fro m ending befo re inte nded . Man y erro rs an erro r message 136, and your program will te rm i ~
are s ubject to automatic correction o r compensatio n nate. You may no t alwa ys k no w beforehand where
thro ugh a little extra effo rt o n the part of the pro- the fil e data ends, so an auto matic e n d ~ of~ fil e t rap
grammer. can be programmed easil y to p revent t he error. Li s t~
If you are not yet fami liar with the TRAP state- ing 3 solves this pro ble m .
ment , the followi ng examp les sho w ho w to use it to listing 4 - Yo u forgo t to turn o n your printer
detect INPUT erro rs. These occur whe n the user of a o r interface unit and get erro r message 11 138.
program types invalid values into a numeric vari - If you attem pt to use the Continue comma nd
able. after you turn o n t he correct unit , your program will
18 UPUT )( continue beginning at the line number that fo llows
29 PRIn X the line that ca used t he erro r. Often this ca n crea te
38 GOIO 18
erro neous results (no t always d etected), beca use the
In the abo ve listing , typing a no n - numeric re- instructio ns o n the line that caused the erro r may no t
sponse fO the INPUT stateme nt in line 10 (such as have been exec uted correctl y befo re the erro r.
accidentall y p ressing return with no number e n ~ Li sting 5 - Yo u are read ing in data wi th a
tered) will result in an " E RRO R ~8 AT LINE 10" R EAD state ment and you do no t want to use an
message. By adding a TRA P statement , this p roblem e n d~o f~ d a ta dum my va lue as a fl ag, n o r do you want
ca n be avoided co mp letely. to count the entries to determine when all the data
18 TRAP 18 :IMPUT K has been read. Listing 5 de mo nstrates a simp le
28 PRINl K method to p revent erro r #6 (OUt O( Data) (ro m
31 'OTO 18
p rematurely termin ating your p rogram .
In the slightl y modified exam ple above, if an inp ut Fina lly, (o r t hose of you who are relati vely new to
erro r occurs, the TR A P statement will catch the ATA RI BASIC , there are several loca tions (ad~
erro r and go bac k to li ne 10 to t ry the IN PUT again . dresses ) that you may PEEK to find o ut which erro r
After perusal o f these fi ve exa mp les, you sho uld occu rred and which line caused the error. Loca tio n
be able to understa nd ho w to make your progra ms 195 contains the erro r number. Locatio ns 186 and
less vu lne rab le to errors that p rema turely end your 187 contain the line number whe re {he erro r
p rogram. occurred, low byte. high byte, respecti vel y. To d i s~
List ing I - If you mistake nly create a new play this info rmatio n on your screen , usc the fol~
file using a file name t hat already exists, you will lowing statements:
destroy the al ready existing file. No erro r message
will wa rn you of the impendi ng d isaster. Li stin g
I will p revent thi s. 18 REM DISPLAY ERROR "U~fA
28 REM AND LIM E NUMBER OF ERROR
list ing 2 - If you tr y to O PEN a n o n ~ 1 8 PAINT PEEKC HS); " AT LI NE " ; PEEiCU8
6)+PE EK( 1 87 )* 25 6
ex istent fil e, you will get an error message 170 a nd
'-' VO l. 1 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMP ENDIUM PAGE 17

Listing 1. 161 PRIIT "EITER A FILE IAt£ ": PRIIT "0

o lOT I.CLUDE THE 'd·' PREFIX"
11. ? ",," : CLA :AE" CLEAA SCAEEI AID VA 171 IIPUT .A~$ : FILE$(3)=IAME$ : AE" cal
RIABLES CATEIATES PREFIX AID FILE IAt£
11. AE" PAEVEIT ERASURE OF PRO~AA" ALR 1 •• OPEl RIOC8.~IU.'.FILE$
EADY STORED 01 DISK 1'1 RE" MAITE DATA alTO FILE.
1%1 DIN ATRAP$(6).A$C12.).IANE$ca).FIL 211 PRIIT RIOCB;"FIRST"
ESUI} 21. PAIIT aJOCB;"SEcaIO"
13. REN SET UP DISk SUFfIX '0:' faA fI 228 PRIIT IOOCB;"LAST"'
LE lANE. lOCI IS fILECDEUICE) lUMBER 23' CLOSE IOOC8:AE" IT IS ~OOO PRACTIC
1.' fILE$="D : ": IOCI=2 :11=.: 'IU=I E TO IEEP A FILE CLOSED WHEI lOT USED
lSI RE" '.U=8 IS THE OUTPUT NODE 2 •• REM FAILUAE TO PAOPEALY CLOSE A FI
16. SET=16.:CLOSE IOOC8:IF ATRAP$="SPR LE CAl CAUSE IT TO BE LOST
UI'" THEI PRII' " fILE lAME DID .OT P. 25. REM
EUIOUSLY EXIST":~OTO 2 •• 261 RE" READY TO READ THE FILE
171 TAAP SET:PAIIT "EITEA FILE lAME" 278 OPEl aIOC8 t II L • FILE$
1.1 IIPUT .ANE$:fILE$(3)=IAME$:ATRAP$= 2a, SET=31':TR.P 3E t
"SPAU.''':OPE. a:xOCB • .I •••• FILE$ 2" REM READ DATA FRO" FILE AID PRIIT
1" PA.IIT FILE$'" ALAEADY EXISTS":? "U EACH VALUE AS IT IS READ
SE A DlffEREIT 'AME"':CLOSE aIOCB:~OTO 31. IIPUT aIOCI.A$:PRIIT A$ : GOTO 2"
. .I 311 PRIIT "FIIISHED READ II' FILE SUCCE
2.1 OPEl IIIOCI 'IU.8.fILE$ SSFUlLY":CLOSE ilIaCI
211 PAIIT FILE!;" OPE.ED SUCCESSFULLY" 321 RE" DELETE LIIE 28. AID YOU MILL ~
22. CLOSE 1U0CI ET AI ERROR MESSA~E 136 CEID Of fILE)

• •
Listing 2.
Listing 4.
1 •• PRIIT """:CLA :AEM CLEAR SCAEEI A.
o VARIAILES
III DIM ATRAP$(6).IAME$CS).fILE$CI) 1 •• PRI.T """:CLR :REN CLEAR SCREEI ...
121 REM SET UP DISk SUFfIX FOR FILE IA o UARIAILES
ME. lOCI IF THE fILECDEVICE) IUNIER . III REM CATCH DEVICE TIMEOUT ERROR U 1
11=. IS THE IIPUT NODE
131 FILE$="D:" : :IOCI=2:11=.
.8
1.' RE" MAITE EAAOA If TRAP IS SPRUIG.
IT :IS GOOD PRACTICE TO CLOSE fILES T
121 IEM YOU FORGOT TO TUII OM A. IIPUT
OR OUTPUT DEUICE
138 DIM ATRAP$(6)
o 'REVEIT ERROR 1112' If YOU LOOP lACk 1 •• SET=1.8:If ATRAP$="CAU'H'" THEI P.
lSI REM TO A PREVIOUS PART OF YOUR PRO I.T "TURI 01 110 DEUICE"
GRAM THAT OPE.S A fILE. 151 TRAP SET:ATRAP$="CAU'HT"
168 SET=l":CLOSE aIOCD 168 LPAIIT "PAOGAA" RAM SUCCESSfULLY"
171 If ATRAP$="SPRUI'" THE. ? "ERAOA 1 17. REN RUI THIS PRO'RAM WITH PAI.TER
7•• fILE "i,.ILE$i"' IOI-EXISTAIT"' : FOR 0 TURIED 01 AID Off
=1 TO 1118:IEX1 D:GOTO 118 188 IEM CHAIGE LI.E 168 TO USE DIS.~ I
lal REM KEEPS MESSAGE O. SCREE. TEMPOR ITEAfACE . OR SOME OTHET 1/0 DEVICE
ARIlY BEfORE RETURII., TO BE~IIIII' OF
PRO'RAM
1" TAAP SET:PAII' "'TYPE II fILE .AttE"
: PRIIT "DO lOT I.ClUDE '0:' PREfIX": II •
PUT IANE$
288 fILE$C3J=.AMES:AE" COICATEIATES fI Listing 5.
LE .AttE O.TO DEVICE PREfIX ' 0 :'
211 ATAAP$="SPRUI'"
22. RE" If THE 'OPEI' STATEttEIT MORIS.
ME HAUE A VALID fILE lAME ALREADY STO 118 PAIIl """:CLR :REM CLEAR SCREEI AI
RED O. DISK READY FOR I.PUT D UARIABLES
238 OPE. aIOCD.I •••• fILE$ III RE" RE ..' DATA ... , TRAP OUT-OF-DATA
2'" PRIIT "fILE ";fILE$;" OPE.ED SUCCE ERROR 116
SSfULLY" 121 SET=I.I:'RAP SET:RE" DELETE THIS L
25. CLOSE aIOCI liE .ID ERROA 116 MILL OCCUR
138 READ .:PAIIT I:'OTO 138
• 1.8 PRIIT "nIISHED READII' DATA"
15. DATA 2 •••• 156~83.12
Listing 3 . •
1" PRI.T II.II:CLA
D VARIABLES
:REN CLEAA SCREEI A.
111 REM CATCH EID-Of-FILE EAIOR
121 DIN ATIAP$(6).A$C12.J.IAME$C81.FIL
ESUI)
138 fILE$="D:":IOCB=2:I.=.:'IU=8
1.1 REN '0:' IS fILE lAME PREFIX. 11=
• IS IIPUT RUDE. '.U=8 IS OUTPUT NODE
• IOCB IS DEUICECFILE) .UMlER
158 REM fIRST WE ~ST CREATE A fILE AI
o 'UT SOME OAT.. II IT BEFORE TRVII' TO
READ THE DATA.
 v
PAGE 18 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. CO MPENDIUM VOL . 1
v

BASSNOTES IN BASIC v

16K C assette o r Disk

by Jerr y White
v

Those of you who have written music using 2" 'RAPHICS 8:POKE 752,1:'05UB 11':?
ATARI BASIC may have noticed that eve n the II THE THEME fRO" BARKEY MILLEA"
18. ? :? "BASSMOTES USI.' SOUMD DIS TOR
lowest note available in distortion level 10 is not TIOK 12":'05U8 318:RETURK
really a low bass note. 318 fOR CTRlR=2 TO 36:? "-';: NEHT CTIIL
R:RETUAK
The sec ret to getting a deep, rich bass note is to use 128 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
distortion level 12. The BASIC program called Bass~ 318 REM
3.. REM
** D=DI5TORTIOK V=UOLUME
GOSUB 58 fOR WHOLE KOTE ***
n ote will d isplay t he notes and pitch numbers for 158 REM
368 REM
**&OSU8 78 fOR QUARTER KOTE
GOSD8 88 fOR EIGHTH MOTE *
two octaves of low bass notes.
It will also play the deep bass introduction to the
178 REM * G05DB 788 TO DRAM A LIME
388 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
*
theme from Barney Miller. While doing this, the
sound comma nds used will be displayed on your •
screen. 0
C HECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7~lO)
18 REM BASSKoTE TUTORIAL BY JERRY WHIT
•28?
38 G05UB 2'9:605U8 1'8:60TO 188
48 SOUND 8,.,.,8:READ PITCH:D =12:U=14:
5ETCOlDR 2,PITCH,8 : 50UMO a.PITCH,D,U
58 POSITION 18.28:?" 50UMO 8,";PITCH
;··.··;O;··.··;V;·· ":AETUAK
68 FOR HOLD=l TO 288:MEXT HOLD:50UKO 8 •
••• 8.8 : PITCH=8:0=.:V=8 : 'OSUB S.:AETURK
7. FOR HOLD=l TO S8:MEHT HOLD:AETUAK
08 FOR HOLO=l TO 2S:MEXT HOLD:50UMD ' •
•••• 8:AETURK
,. DATA 182 L '8,OS.02 L 7S,72,67.67.6',S7
.68.67,7S,6"Sl.6'.7~."
1 •• fOR TIME=l TO 2:'OSUa ":'05UB 68 :
GO SUB 68
118 'osua ":'05UB 7.:G05UB 4.:G05UB 7
•128 '05UB •• :'05UB 68:'05U8 68
138 GOSUB '.:G05UB 71:G05UB .8:G05UB 7
v

•148 'OSUB .0:(;05U8 61 : '05U8 6.

15. fOR QUARTER.OTE=l TO 8:'05U8 ":'0
5U8 78:KEHT QUARTER.OTE
16. 'OSDB .8:'OSUB 88:G05U8 •• :'05UB 8
•
17. 'OSDB '8:G05UB B8:RESTORE :KEHT TI
HE
v
188 RESTORE :'05U8 '8:G05U8 68:POIE 75
2,8:EMO
1'8 ? :? ." PITCH = MOTE": GOSUB 114'
..218 ?
288 ? :1 .. 25=E ..... 21=OU..... 28=D 1I . "38=ctt
"Il=C ". "13=8 ". "36=AU" . "37=A .. v
228 ? "40=GU", "'2=' S=fU'·, "'8 =f "
II . . . .

218 ? "SI=E ..... 55=01l... "57=D ","68=CII"

2'8 ? "63=C ..... &1=8 .. ,"72=AU' .... 15=1A II
258 ? "02=GII". "85 =& .. , "'8=flf", ",7=f " v
268 ? "182=E": '05UB 110
278 ? :?" THE tlTARI BASIC SOUKD CO ...
AMD:"
20. ? :? " SOUMD VOICEtPITCH,DISTORTIOII
,VOLUI'tE":GOSUB 318:AE URK
 VOL. 1 T HE A.N.A.L.O. G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 19

AUDCTL DEMO
- 16 K Cassette or D isk
by Je rry White

AUDCTL is an abbreviation for AUDIO 131 If KEY{)255 OR PEEK(5327,,{}7 THEM

CONTROL, and a label given to decimal location
2.
148 GO TO J28:REM NHATCHA MAMT ? PAESSA
53768. For those interested in reading up on [he KEY!
158 GRAPHIC5 8 :5ETCOLOA 2.'.8:POKE 82 1
functions of (he va rious sou nd registe rs, I strongly 5 : ? : RE" CLEAR SCREfM/ LEfT MAAGIM=5
recommend that you read the SOUND chapte r in 161 ? :? " Th i s prograM was design@d"
171 ? :? " to deMons trate the eff@cts"
De Re ATARI about th ree times, and that yo u try 181 ? : ? ..... de pos sible by alt@r i ng"
the linle demonstration routines supplied. 1'8 ? : ? " the Audio Control R@gister"
288 ? : ? "at d@ci....aJ location 53768"
Fo r those who don't really care ro know why 211 ? :? .. CSdZI8' ." : RETURI
things ha ppen, but like to take advantage of the
amazing range of sound effects that are available •
from BASI C, I sub mit the following little demo
program. In a nutshell , POKE commands intodeci- C H EC KSUM DATA
mal locations 53760 through 53767 are used ro create (See pg• . 7· [ 0)
a full C major chord. To further enhance the
effect of this program, we slide up ro the higher C
note in line 180.
At the prompt, yo u ma y enter a value which will
be POKEd inro decimal location 53768. Start by •
entering ze ro , so you ca n hea r the effect with no
distortion before we begin experimenting. By enter-
ing other values from 1 ro 255, you will notice some
strange sounds co ming from your TV speaker.
There is pro bably no better way to learn how to
c reate sound effects than by trial and error. Hope-
fully, this little demonstratio n wi ll provide some
food fo r thought. 0

BV JEARV

• AMD"

OR •

~';::~~; ~~ii~:~~~i~;.i~:~i;~~;~:~.Bl:POIE
MtlJOR 5
2 : POIE X.
VOLU~=2 (J8*J6+2

53768.MUHBfR : RfM AUDCTL

X=2.3 TO 68 STEP -l:POKE 53768
.X : MEXT X: AE" SLIDE SQUID
118 ? :? "PRESS 1m TO EMD" :? "PRfSS A
10THER KEY TO COMTIMUf": POKE 764 . 2'55
128 IEY=PfEK(76.l : If KEY=28 THEI POKE
82 .2: ? :? "BASIC": ? "IS";:EID
 PAGE 20 THE A.N .A. L. O.G. COMPEN DI U M VOl. 1
v

VARIABLE LISTER

16 K C assette o r Disk
b y Tony Mess ina

Have you ever wrinen a program and then tried to and ending cha racter for the variable is A. If the vari,
go back and document all of the variables that were able name was "TEST," then " T ES" would be
usedr If you're one of the eli te 10% who are orga, stored as normal characters and the last "TOO would
nized, you probably wrOte down all of your variables be stored as an inverse ·'T. TEST$ , a string variable.
II

and their meanings as you wrotc the program. If would be stored as "TEST" (normal) and "$" (in ~
you' re like the other 90% of us, who write a program verse). If a variable ha s dimensions [e.g., DIM A
and then spend several agonizing hours documenting (26)], then the variable is stored as "A" (normal)
it, then help has arrived. and "(" (inverse). Knowing where the Variable
The follow ing utility was wrincn to help me keep Nam e Table starts. we shou ld be able to go in and
track of my variables. It docsn't tell me what I used pick out all the variables in any given program.
them for. but it does tell me what I used. Th is utility How do we know where to stopr The e nd of the
is JUSt the start of another utility I'm working on (a table is denoted by a blank byte following the last
cross reference program). You can run out and spend character of the last va riable name. For the purpose
anywhere from $9.00 to $45.00 for any of a multi, of our utility, however, we want to stop picking off
tude of utilities, but I don't have much money - and variables when we encounter the first variable of the
writing the things myself has taught me more about utility program. Armed with this information, let's
the inner workings of the ATARI than any listing try our first experiment.
could. Let me explain how your ATAR I stores vari,
able names. It will help you to understand how and Li sting I .
why the program works.
5 REM TYPE A CO.TAOL CO~ BETMEE. THE
Be h in d th e sce n es. OUOTE5 IM LIME 71 TO PRODUCE A HEAAT
II? CHR$CI25J : REM .CLEAR SCREE ••
Within the heart of your ATARllurks the Va ri , 21 ? "A5CII","CHAR ..... ADDRES5":REM • HE
able Na m e Table. This table contains all of the ADI.GS •
31 A=18 : TESTl =11:DIM B$CIJ , YESCS . 5J:RE
variables used (and, sometimes. not used) by a pro-- " • SAMPLE VARIABLES •
gram. How do they get therer Good question. When 41 5TART=PEEK(138)+PEEKCJ3J).256:REM
GET DECIMAL 5TART ADDAESS Of UAA .A~
*
you type in < A= 10 > for cxample, the ATARI TABLE •
51 ? " " i PEEKC5TAATJ." "iC"A$CPEEKC STA
BASIC cMtridge takes the "A" and puts it in the first
available slot of the Va riabl e Na m e Table. It also
ATJ J . " "i STAAT : AEM
EA AMD ADDAE5S •
*
PRIMT ASCII. LETT

stores the value of our "A" into the Va ria bl e Va lu e 61 STAAT=5IAAT+J:AEM *

GET MEKT OME •
71 If PEEKC5TAATJ =ASCC .... ·) THEM EMD :R
v
Table. Sounds simple, so far ... now enters ,he cl(rtIC. EM * If BLAMK THEM EMD •
88 GOIO 58:RE" • GO PAlMI .EKT CHAAACI
IN ATAR I BASIC, variable names can be up to 128
characters long. How does the interpreter know
ER *
where one variable name ends and the next one
beginsr What about string variables and dimen,
•
sioned variablesr
CHEC KSUM DATA
Here 's the scoop. The vcry last character of each
(Sec pgs. 7-10)
variable name is stored in the tabl e as an in verse char,
acter. Our "A" character would actually be stored in 5 DATA 331 , 1'8 . '62 .568.625.1'8 . 352,78 7
lht! mum: table as an invcrse A, since the beginning
, 538 , .... 63
v VOL. 1 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 21

As you can see, the variables for the program itself of these values, we have an error, and the error
were printed to your screen. This was juSt a sample flag is set. If everythi ng is okay, line 32522
for the non~bclievers our there. The variables p r e~ increments the number of varia.bles VACNT,
sen ted are representative of all types used by the sets the skip nag SK IP to I and returns.
ATA RI: regular, string and d imensioned. Another 32524 appends an asterisk to our variable if
thing you will notice is that the variables foll ow the an error occurred, sets ERRER back to 0 and
o rder in which they were typed. Line 30 is the first returns.
place variables were typed in . If we look at the output 32526 ~32 528 check what is in the strin~
of our program, we see that the variables follow the VAR$. If the actual name VAR$ is there, then
same order as Line 30: A,TEST1,B$,YES and START. the program ends. If not, then the variable name
The add ress of each letter is also printed in the last and its address in RA M is printed. The charac~
column. This will be helpful when we conduct ou r ter count C HARCNT is cleared (set to zero),
other experiments, so type in this p rogram. SKI P is cleared, VAR$ is cleared, and wereturn
I hope this little demo illustrated the points I made to build the next variable name.
prev iously. Here is an explanation of how the utility 32512 p rints the start and end add ress of the
operates. name table. It also prints out the number of
T h e progra m . var iables in the target program.
Listing 2 is the utility program. Program flow is as How to use it.
follows: Type the program in exactly as shown in tht.' Iist~
32500 clears the deck and initializes th e util~ ing. When you've finished, check everyth ing and
iry variables. 32502 clears the screen and out~ then save it using the LIST"D:VARLST" for disk o r
putS a message to the printer. 32504 takes the LIST"C:" for cassette commands. The reason we use
contents of the current address and stores it in LIST rather than CSAV E or SAVE"O:fiIename" is
TEMP. A check is then made to see if TEMP is so that we can merge the utility with your target pro~
an inverse character (i.e., >= 128), or if it is a grams without disturbing anything. Once the p r o~
blank . If onc of the conditions is true, the gram is saved, you can load in any BASIC target
program goes to the subroutine at Line 32514 program. By target program, I don't mean a program
to find out what the cha racter is. If neither con~ that has target in it: [ mean any program you want to
dition is true, we drop through and store the obtain a variable li sting from, utilizing the utility.
va lue from TEM P, and store it in to the appro~ Once the target program is loaded, \.Ise the following
pri ate location in VAR$. We are building ou r co mmands to merge the util ity. If you have a cassette,
va ri able name in VAR$ for ou tput to the prin~ cue up the utility and type ENTER"C:" and hit RE~
ter. A check is made of the error nag ERRER. If TURN. After the beep, press the play button, hit
set, an asterisk is appended to our variable name RETURN again and the program will load. For d isk
in VAR$. If clear, then SK IP is checked. If it is users, type in ENTER "0: VARLST". The program
set ("set" mean ing it is cqual to I), then it's time will then Io.'ld from d isk. Once the utility is Io.'lded.
to p rint our vari able nam e. If clear ("clear" type in (usi ng direct mode) GOTO 32500 and the
meaning it 's equal to zero), we increment the utilitv will do its thinQ.
current address CU RADD, the character cou nt This utility is set lip for output to a p rinter. If you
C HARCNT and then go back for the next line. don't have one, simply replace all LPRI NTs with
32514~32522 are the su bro utine lines used PRINTs. Be p repared to hit CONTRO L 1 to stop the
to determine the type of variable. We get here if screen listing, so you can copy the va ri able names.
the value in TEMP was an inverse character or a Hit CONTROL I again [Q resume output.
blank. If the content of TEMP is an ASCII You are probably wondering why I have the
blank, then the program goes to Line 32512, address p rimed out. If you don't want it printed,
prints Out some information and stops. If REPLACE Line 32528 with the fo llowing:
TEMP con(3ins an inverse "$," then we change 12528 lPRINT UAR$: CHARCNT =8 : SK IP=O:UAR
it to a normal "$" (TEMP~ 128) and GOTO $="":RETURN
32522. If TEMP coma ins an inverse "(," then it This will prevent the address from being pri nted and
is changed to a normal "(." and we GOTO leave you with a clean piece of paper to document
32522. If all of the above fail, then we assume an your p rogram. There is a method to my madness in
ASC II number or letter. It is changed to a pri nting the address.
normal cha racter, and a check is made to see if The m ethod .
the new number fall s between 48 and 90. If you Consider this ... if we know the add ress locations
look in Apl)(.>ndix C of the ATARI manual, you of ou r variable names, it would fo llow that, if we
see that ASCII 48 ~90 contains the numbers, POKE different characters im o the rabie, we could
some other cha racters and the n the leners A~Z. change ou r variable names. This is nor only (rue, bur
If the value in TEMP does not fall between any offers O[her pO[cmial benefits and (if the reader is
PAGE 22 THE A.N.A.L.O. G. COMPEN OIUM VOL. 1

nor careful) problems. Beware!! The following ex~ day no n - inverse letters bctwL-en the quotes. Hit RE- v
pcrimcnts s hould be tried after reading the following TURN and LlST t he program. If you did everyth ing
paragraph. right, " TEST I " will be replaced by " BLAH 1". Of
The interp reter docs not ca re about variable cou rse, we o nly replaced va riable names with those v
names, other than when they aTC initiall y defined. that had the same length . For experimenting, use the
After that, it doesn't care. Why! Well , once you same length name because you can rea ll y make a
define a variable, it is assigned a number from 1 28~ mess out of things. If you are adventuro us, try a n y~ v
255. The fi rst variable is assigned 128, the second thing!! Just remember t hat the variable names must v
variable is assigned 129. etc .... up to 2 55 . In the end in an inverse character.
rokenitcd version of you r p rogram , these variable
E;I(perim c nr #3.
number assignments become importa nt, not the
RUN the p rogram again, then, in direct mode,
names. When you list your program, the interprete r
type the following:
scans the cokenized form of your program in mem - v
o ry, and matches all the numbers with KEYWORDS, fOR Z= FIRSTADDR TO lA STADDA : POKE Z 155 I
: JlEHT Z
such as GOTO, REM , COLOR, etc. When he hits a
Substitute the appropriate add resses on the screen
va riable number - 128, for example - he says,
[0' FIRSTADDR and LASTADDR. When READY
"Oh ... This is a variable; its number is 128, but, to
appears , LIST the program . Surprise! All you see now
me, t hat's variable number I . Let me go into the
is KEYWORDS. Not a va riable in sight! Run the
Va riable Name T able and get the name. Since it's
program - yes, just t ype RU N. Surprise II . It works
num ber I, it is the first name in the table." O nce the
just lik e normal. Except where the variables o nce
name is retrieved, it is put up on the display. All of
were is now filled wi th emp ty s pace. WhahappenedU
this happens in mere m icroseconds, but t hat 's what
The 155 POKEd into the name table is a no n -
you r interpreter does. If we happen to change the
printing character. The interprete r picked up the
names in the table, the interpreter will b lindl y go in
name and even prin ted it o n the screen ... we JUSt
and grab whatevcr is or isn ' t there. He grabs the var i ~
couldn ' t see it. Yo u cou ld do this to that secret pro-
able name based on the nwnoc'T, nOt the name. Re~
gram of you rs and let your friend borrow it. When
member the inverse character at t he end of each va ri ~
he LISTs it to learn 311 of your secrets .. . boy, will he
able name! Joe Interpreter uses this as a signal to tell
get a s ur prise. Try il! I have , and what a ruck us it
him when he has gotten the who le thing. Eno ugh
caused. Be sure to save a copy of the original for
theory, next experi ment.
you rself, or :you may be the o ne who is surprised!
E;I(peri men t #2.
T h e last expe rime nt.
Let's try changing somc names. If you h aven ' t
For our last t rick , trv this. First load the program,
done so, type in the short example p rogram at the
o r, if you didn't save it, type it in again (SA VE it this
begi nning of this article. If you d id type it, then load time). Now RUN it. In direct mode, type the follow -
it. RUN the p rogram and fo llow along with me. O n ing:
the screen you s ho uld see the va riable "A" in in-
verse. Let's change it to "Z". In direct mo de, t ype t he FOR ~ = fIASTADDR TO lA STADDR : POKE A, ASC
C..... ) : JlEMT A
fo llo wing:
POKE ADDRE SS .ASCC"Z") Again use the add resses that are on the screen. Whc n v
READY appea rs, LI ST the p rogram . C heck out al l of
Make s ure the "Z" isan inverse "Z." The address will v
thc garbage!! I' ll let you figu re it o ut fo r yourself.
vary with the amount RAM you have and the con~
(Hint - The imerp rctcr se3 rches for inverse charac- v
figuration, so use the add ress that is on the screen
ters.)
(e.g., the address given for variable "A"). Hit RE-
TURN and, when R EADY appears, LI ST the pro- F in a l n o tes .
gram. The fo rmer statement "A= IO" will magically VARLST will interfe re if your target program has
be replaced by "Z= 10"! the same line numbers as the utility. I s t3 rted at
Let's try o nce more. Let's ch 3nge " TESTI " to 32500 as all o ( m y program line numbers fall W3Y
"BLA H1 ". First re-RUN th e p rogram, then , in below that fi gure. If necessa ry, change the line num- v
di rect mode, type the following: bers higher or lower, but remcm be r to change all of
POKE ADOR ESS ASC C" 8" ):PO ICE AODR ESS+ J ,A
1
the GOSUBs and GOTOs. A lso, if your ta rget has
SC(" l"': PO n ADORE SS+ 2. ASC("a " ' : POKE Q more than 119 va riables in it, VA RLSTwiJl not load.
DDR ESS+J, AS CC" HIt ) I' ve never seen a program with tha t many variables,
("A"),POKE ADDRESS+3. ASC("H") but it is possible. If you have any variable names
Again, we have the starting address of "TEST I".
longer than 30 characters, VARLST will not work. *
Since each letter occupies one byte, then "T' begins Have fun experimenting! 0
3t the address listed in you r output; "E" is located at
t he address+ I, etc. Si nce the I is already there and in
inverse, we don't have to use inve rse letters in o ur
POKE statements above. Use the regu lar o ld every ~ *Dimension VAR$ brgcr in this case.

v
VOL . 1 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 23

Listing 2.
32588 CLA :01" UAA$(181:TA8lESTAAT=PEf
KCl181+PEEK(1311*Z56:CUAADD=TABLESTART
:CHAACNT=1 : UACNT =8:ERRER=8 : INU=128
32582 SkIP:.:? "1!Ii":LPRIIfT "THE fOlLDWI
.. If UaRIABLES ARE IN THIS PAOGRA",': FOR
~=1 TO S8:NEHT H
32504 TEMP=PEEKCCUAADD):If TEMP)=IIIU 0
A 1EMP=A5C(".. ') THEil (;OSUB 32514
32586 UAA$(CHAACNT,CHAACIIY':CHR$(TEMP)
:IF ERAEA THEil COSUB 32524
32508 If SKIP THEil COSUB 32576
32518 CUAADD=CURADD+l:CHARCIIT=CHAACNT+
1:(;OTO 32584
32512 LPAINT :L PAIIT "TA8lESTART= ";TA
BLE5TART: lPRIIH "TABLE EIIO = "; CUAAOD -
4:LPRIMT "It Of UAAIABLES= ";UtlCNT-l
32513 EMO
32514 If TEMP= ASC ( ..... ) THEil POP : ,DID
32512
32516 If TEMP:ASCClfE;l") 'HEll 1E. . =T£HP-
128: GOlD 32522
32518 If TEMP =ASC("U") THEM TEMP=TEHP -
128: GOTO 32522
32528 TEMP=TEMP - 128:If TEHP(~8 OR TEMP
>'8 THEM ERRER=l
32 522 UACMT= UACMT+l:SKIP=l:RETURM
32524 UAR$ (CHARCMH 1 , CHARCIfH 1) ='1:': EA
AEA=8:RETUAIT
32526 If UlIA$="UAA$" THEM POP : (;OTO 32
512
32528 LPAIIfT UAA$" , II AOOAESS= II . CUAA
OD- CHAACltT+l:CHAACltT=8:SKIP=8 : UAA!="":
AfTUAtli

• C HECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
32598 DATA 256,3'8,2e5,62~,'52.663,823
,557,377,141,15' . 12','84,'32,148,7348
32528 DATA 715,715

•
Circle Demo

18 HC=161:YC=81
28 AD=68:IMC=18:YS=8 . 75
31 GRlIPHICS 8:COLOR 1
48 GOSU8 1888:E.0
1188 RE" --- ------------------
1118 RE" CIACLE DAAWEA AOUTlt11E
1128 AE" ---------- - ----------
1838 RE"
1848 RE" HC: x-coordinat@ of c@nt@r
1858 RE" YC: ~ - coordinat@ of c@nt@r
1868 AE" AD: circle radius
1178 AE" ItIIC: drawing increMent 1-358
1888 AE" YS : y- scaling factor
18'8 RE"
118. DEG :PLOT XC,YC+AD*YS
1118 FOR CIAClE=8 TO lfi8 STEP I.e
1128 XCOOAO=HC+SItII(CIRClE)~D
l1l8 yeOOAD=YC+COS(CIAClE)~D*y5
11~8 DAAWTO HCOORD,YCOORD
1158 If EXT CIRCLE:RETUAtli

CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
II DATA 118,'81,32,473,165,2~1,167,278
,188,184,463 , 8,48,284 , 645,4258
1110 DATA ~6','58,~22,868,442 , 315'
 v
PAGE 24 THE A,N,A.L.O. G . COMPENDIU M VOL. 1

BUNCRUSH
16K Cassette or Disk
by Tony M essina

In our last episode, we left our hero (Bruno Bit~ would have ra do this for every variable number, and
mangler) tea ring out his hair, looking for his lost it could take some time . We'll worry about the time
ene rgy variable E amidst all the garbage o n the TV later. The first question is: where does the tokenized
screen. Meanwhile, Bruno Jr. screams, "I wanna version of our BASIC p rogram begin? Glad you
play Missile Command!" and Mrs. Bitmangler asked! The start location can be found at address
shouts, "Both of you get in here ... DINNER is get~ 135, 137 (Decimal) o r $88,89 (Hex). This is not
ting COLD!" If o nl y ou r hero had BUNC RUSH, his where the program begins, but rather the pointer (0 u
p roblem would be solved. What's a BUNCRUSH ! where it begins. To obtain the decimal location
It 's the BASIC U nem belli shed No~Cost C ross Ref~ number, we would execute the following BA SIC
erence Utility and Software Helper. If you want to stateme nt. v
get it up and running, type in Listing 2 and skip to TO.E.~PEE.C136J.PEE.Cl~7)*2S6
the " How to use BUNCRUSH" section. Th ose of The variable to ken would be set equal to the sta rt
you who want to learn a little more about the ATARI add ress of our token program. Now what! Well, it's
BASIC token structure and how BUNCRUSH was time to scan the program from start to fini sh for ou r
developed should read on. first variable. Before we do this, I'll d igress into m y
Design consideration s. " Here's how a token ized BASIC lin e is set up" tap
Seve ral major conside rations were involved in dance routine.
designing BUNCRUS H. Th e list I used was as fol - I saw a hand in the back of the room ... "What 's
lows. this 'token ized program' you keep refe rring tot' I'm
1.) Bui ld upon the concepts presented in sorry . .. Ier me explain. When you type in a program
Utility # 1 - Variable Lister (see page 20) line in BASIC and hit RETURN, several things hap-
2.) Allow use with both Cassette and Disk pen. First, the BASIC cartridge takes each item you
systems. typed in and converts it in to tokens for its own use.
3 .) Allow screen or printe r output. Each command (GOTO, TRAP, etc.), ope rator (+.
4.) Output should include the variable name, -, =, etc.) and fun ction (STR$ , SIN, COS, etc.) has a
its associated line reference numbers and be special token assoc iated with it. The interprete r
neat in appearance. sca ns, tokenizes, places the token in the p rogram area
5.) Make the output fast and si mple. and continues till it hits your carr iage return . If v
6.) Provide flexibility for user modifications. everyth ing is correct with respect to sy ntax , the
With these considerations in mind, I sat down and cursor appea rs on the left side of the screen, and you
wrote BUNCRUSH, It's been rewritten t hree or four ca n continue on with the next line. If you make a mis- v
times. Each time it was improved and streamlined. take. the interpreter stops scan ning and prints the
Listing 2 is the final version. line o ut with an error message and an inverse cu rsor
With all the above ground rules set, I' ll dive into to show you where it stopped.
the bac kground material, namely ATA R I token After you correct your mista ke. the interpreter
structu re. goes th rough the line again. This process conti nues
BASIC's background. until you have entered your entire program.
As was expla ined in the last utility article, vari- The tokenizing process is used to save space by
ables are assigned numbers in o ur token program. con verting the ASCII input to tokens. For example,
Names do not matter, un less we want to p rint out a the Restore comma nd would normally take 7 bytes
p rogram listing. It follows that, if we cou ld locate the (one per letter). Through tokenization. it only takes
start of ou r raken p rogram, scan each line fo r a 1 byte contain ing the number 35 Decimal. Tokens
variable II (128-255), save the line num be rs that serve another important pu rpose. At Run -Ti me, the
contain the variables we are looking for and print out BASIC inte rpreter fetches a token. This token is
th is inform(ltion, we would be all set. Of course, we actually an index for a jump table. This jump table
 VOL. 1 THE A.N .A.L.O. G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 25

points to the various routines within the system. the line will appear, as well as the BASIC fo rm . Use
When a to ken has been execu ted, BASIC returns, Table I and compare the w ken version with the
fetches the next token and contin ues the process of table. This little util ity helped me a great deal in un-
v execution. de rsta nding how things get tokeni zed.
v W ith that sim ple explanation out of the way, let's Back to BUNCRUSH.
look at the structure of a tokenized line of BA SIC. Well, with that digression out of the wa y, let's
Each line va ries depend ing o n irs length and the look at Listing 2, the actual BUNC RUSH utili ty.
n um ber of multi ple stateme nts in it. Some items You may notice some similarity to the Variable
don't get tokenized . ASCI I strings are an exam ple. In Lister program. I bu ilt BUNCRUS H around it.
v
a stateme nt such as PRINT "This is a test," the Va riable names were shortened and so me unneces-
PRINT state ment will get tokenized. When the in ~ sa ry items removed. There are 2 pa rts to BUN~
terpreter encounters the quotes, it replaces them C RU SH. I used BASIC to handle the string mani ~
with a 15 ~tok en (string follows to ken), sa ves o ne pulation tasks of finding the variable names and
space, then putS each letter of the string in o ne byte formatti ng the names/ line numbers for outpu t. The
until it hits the last quote. The byte after 15 then gets ML routine works hand in hand with BASIC. All the
updated to the number of ASCII characters in the M L routing d oes is search the token program for our
string. Similarl y, numbers are put in BC D represen~ va riable number (we start at num ber 128). When it
ta tion. BCD numbers take up 6 bytes for the number finds it, it return s the line number to BASIC. BASIC
itself. For example, with PEEK 130, the PEEK would then takes the number and putS it in the string
get a token of 70, and the "(" a to ken of 58. Then a VAR$. If VA R$ exceeds the print length of 80, the
14 would be placed next. Fou rteen is the "BCD program prints out th at line. BASIC then jum ps
number follows token." After the 14 would be the 6
byte BCD representation of 130 (65 1 48 0 0).
Don't worry, no need to memorize BCD numbers.
° back in to the ML ro utine, and the search goes on
until all var iables and line references are Output.
Just remember how they appear. Anyway, o ur Program flow.
example of a simple token ized BAS IC line follows. Line 32500 - Clea rs aJl varia bles and se ts
up the program parameters.
BASIC line: Line 32502 - O utputs heading credit. (Go
20 PRINT PEEK (Z) ahead - put your own name in the re if you
Tokenized form (in decimal): want.)
Bytes ( I ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(10) Line 32503 - Skips some lines, prints out
20 0 10 10 32 70 58 128 44 22 col umn headings and reads in the ML routine
Bytes 1 and 2 - Line number LSB MSB FO data.
RMAT Line 32504 - Gets our variable name, one
Byte 3 - Numerical offset to the next line character at a time. Remember from Variable
number in bytes Uster, an inverse character marks the end of a
Byte 4 - Numerical offset to next statement va ri able name. If T P> = 128 then we subtract
number o f bytes. This is used to keep track of 128 and set a flag at 1690 for use late r o n. I call it
whe re the interpreter is when a line has mu l ti ~ the Variable Name Complete Flag. IfTPisnot
pie statements; i.e., 10GOTO 20:GOSU B 200: >= 128 we move on.
PRINT X:GOTO 5 - The rema inder of the Line 32506 - PutS the variable name in
bytes consists of the tokenized fo rm of ou r VAR$. CC is the Character Count.
BAS IC line. Lin e 3 2508 - Checks ou r Va riable Na me
Byte 5 is the token of PRINT. Com plete Flag. Ifitset( = I) we GOSUB32526.
Byte 5 is the PEEK token. If no t , we fall th ro ugh.
Byte 7 is the left parenthesis token ("("). Line 32510 - Updates the cu rrent address
Byte 8 is the variable number assigned to Z. (CA), the character cou nt (CC) and goes back
Byte 9 is the right parenthesis token (")"). to 3250 4 to get the next characte r of the vari~
Byte 10 is the en d of line token. able name.
To hel p you get a feel for these concepts, I've i n ~ Line 325 12 - Skips a few lines and prints
eluded the ATAR I BASIC T OKEN TABLE I. I've out the variable count at the end of the program.
also included a short program that prints out the Line 32513 - Ends the program.
tokenized versio n of line numbers with in a program. Line 325 26 -Is a subro utine; wejump he re
Th is is Listing I. I call it TOKLOOK. Type it in and from Line 32508. First we check if Ollr variable
save it using the LIST command. Now load in one of name is VAR$. If yes, pop the stack and end the
your BASIC programs. When " ready"appca rs, load program. If not , we drop th rough.
the TOKLOOK program, using the ENTER com~ Line 3 2527 - Pads VAR$ with blanks .
mand. When it 's in, type GOT032500. Answer the Variable names ca n be up to 15 cha racters long.
prompt wi th a line number. The tokenized version of If you have variable names longer [ha n 15, just
PAGE 26 THE A. N.A.L.O.G. COMP ENDI UM VOL. 1

change the 15 fO whatever you want. I haven't VAR$ gets pri nted first, then is padded with 15
had any problems yet. Fifteen is a safe. num~ bbnks.
ber. Line 325 40 - The line number get added to
Line 32530 -Jumps to our ML routi ne. VAR$ and a (comma space) is appe nded. Here,
The sou rce listing is incl uded as Listing 3. The v
X is updated to reflect the length of VAR$. We
M L routine sea rches every line of the token then jump back to the ML routine so we can
program, looking for our variable number. It continue on.
returns to BASIC under two conditions. How to u se BUNCRUSH.
Condition 1: It finds o ur variable num~ Type in th e program from Listing 2. Double-
ber in a line. check everyth ing, especiall y the ML DATA, to en~
Condition 2: It encounters Line 32500, su re a good program. Save the program to d isk using
which is the start of the util ity. the LIST "D:BUNCRUSH" command or to cassette
Some simpli fications we re necessary in writing the using the LIST "C:" command. To use BUNCRUSH:
search program. 1.) Load in the program you want to cross
I.) If you fi nd our variable, stop sea rchi ng reference. v
that line and retu rn to BASIC with the line 2.) Load in BUNCRUSH using the ENTER
num be r. There is no need to search any further, "D:BUNC RUSH" co mm and for disk or the
even if the va riable appea rs 10 times in the line. ENTER "C:" comma nd for cassette. v
All we care about is the line number, not how 3.) When READY appears, be sure your
ma ny times the va riable appears the rein . pr inter and intcrface are turned o n .
2.) If we encounter a DATA or REM s tate~ 4.) Type in immediate mode GOTO 32500.
ment, sk ip it. There are no variables in DATA or 5.) BUNCRUS H should now print out the
REM statements. title and the column header VAR LI NE
3.) If we pick up a "BCD Nu mber Follows" NUMBERS to the printer.
token (1 4 ), sk ip past it. Search ing it is not 6.) The C RT display should say READ ING
healthy - we'll get an e rroneouscross~ r efere n ce ML PROG RAM. After 3~5 seconds GOOOO!!
in some instances. should appea r, and the printer shou ld be busy
4.) If we encounter a "String Follows" token dumping out the Variable C ross Reference.
(15). sk ip past the string, as any inverse c hara c~
ters will trigger the "I found o ur va riable" Modifications.
signal. Remember , we look fo r variable The program in Listing 2 is set up for an ATARI
numbers from I 28~255. 825 pri nter with a line output of 80columns. Modi ~
5.) If we hit a "Statement End" token ( 15), fications for o ther prin ters follow:
skip past the next byte. It contains an offset 1. ) PR INT ER - If you have an ATARI 4 0~
number which can cause erro rs. colum n printer, change the > 80 in Line 32538
1won't go into too much detail on the ML routi ne. to > 40.
It's not even very elegant, as a matter of fact. Things 2.) NO PRINTER -If you don't havea pr in ~
can be done to speed it up, but - as you'll see - it's ter. change all LPRINT statements to PRINT in
plenty fast enough!!! Anyway, we return to BASIC. Lines 32502, 32503, 325 12. 32535 and 32538.
Line 32532 - Checks the con location at In additio n, change the 80 in Line 32538 to 39.
1680 dec imal. If set, we are contin uing - GO Everything will now be dumped out to the
process the line number. If not. we are done screen. Use the CNTR L 1 key to STOP/ START
with th is variable, so drop through. the listing.
Line 32534 - Erases the comma at the end 3.) LINE NUMBERS - If you want to
of the last line number. If X <= 16 then no line change the line numbers for BUNCRUSH in
numbers were generated fo r this variable and order to move it up or down, you must beware
therefore the re are no references fo r it. or certain items. All GOTO and GOSUB ref~
Line 3 2535 - Prints out VAR$, zeros out erences must be changed to reflect the new line
the character count, clears out VAR$ and numbers. The most imporUlnl change of all is in
NUM$ and returns to 32510 fO get the next the M L routine itself. The ML routine checks to v
variable flag. see if the current line number is 32500. If you
Line 32536 - Gets the current line number change the starting line number of BUNCRUSH,
(Cl) from locations 1683 and 1684 - that's you must change the check in the ML routine.
where the ML routine put them. DATA Line 32548, item 14 is a 126 which is
Line 32538 - Converts the line number to the MSB of the line number 32500; DATA Line
a string. It checks to see if the length of th is line 32500, item 5 is a 244 which is the LSB of
number, when added to the cur rent length of 32500. Anyway, whatever your new line
VAR$, will be greater than 80. If it would, number. brcak it down inro LSB/ MSB fo rmat
VOL . 1 THE A.N.A.L.O. G. CO MPENDI UM PAGE 27

and substitute the appropriate numbers in the

above mentioned locatio ns. CH EC KSUM DATA
4.) OTHER C H ANGES - Other thi ngs (See pgs. 7·10)
which you may wa nt toadd to BUNCRUSH are
ERROR CHECK ING andan INPUT line which
32588 DATA '45.677.832.11 2 ~'2.768 , 731,
willie! you tide the listing in expanded pri nt so 158.821.323,566~681'
you know what program is being Cross
Referenced. Another change which wou ld
requ ire some work is to o u tput an alphabetical
Cross Reference. The possibili ties for add itions Listi ng 2.
are lim ited only by your imagination.
Drawbacks and limitatio n s. 32488 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••
BUNCRUSH has so me limitations wh ich I
32411 REM *
THIS RE" IS TO lET YOU •
32415 REM. KNON THAT THIS VERSION.
thought should be mentioned p rior to receiving a lU21 REM
12411 REM
**
OF BU .. CRIISH HAS IIEEN
IMPROVED TO HA .. OLE ALL
**
bunch of nasty phone calls and letters. Limitations· 3244' REM
12458 REM
**
CASES OF If/THE •. DO"'T*
TYPE I .. THIS RE"~ JUST *
on BUNCRUSH are identica l to those o f the Vari~ 3246. RE" *
READ fOR IMfORMATION . . •
able Lister Utility on page 20. BUNC RUSH will 32471 RE" ••••••••••••••••••••••••••
not work correctly if: 324.1 REM *
3258. CLR :DI" VAR$C81],MUM$C5]:CA=PEE
1.) The ta rget program uses more th an 120 K(138]+PEEK(111]*256:CC=I:POKE 16".8
va ri ables. BUNC RU SH will abort the load pro- 32582 ? """:LPR1NT "CROSS REfERENCE U1
ILITY VER . 7.6 BY TONY MESSIMA .. EMPORT
cedure with an ERROR 4 (Too Many Vari- • AI"
ables). 32583 LPRI.' :LPRIMT :LPRIMT "VAR
LI .. E MUleERS":LPR1MT :&OSUB 175
2.) line numbers are the sa me as BUN~ 42
CRUSH. In th is case, BUNCRUSH will merge 175.4 TP=PfEKCCAJ : If TP)=178 THE .. TP=T
P-128 : POKE 16",1
just fine with the target program but may ca use 32586 VAA$(CC,CCJ : CHR$(TPJ
p roblems if the target p rogram has li ne numbers 32588 If PEEK(16"J THE .. GOSUe 12526
32518 CA=CA+l:CC:CC+l:GOTD 32514
not contained in BUNCRUS H. 32512 LPA} .. T :LPAINT "It Of VARIABLES:
3.) The target program is so large that BUN- ";PEEK (16'5]-128
32513 E"D
C RUS H will not load d ue to an ER RO R 2 ( In- 32526 If VAAS:"VARS" THEN POP :GOTO 12
sufficient Memory). 512
32527 fOR )I:CC+l TO 15 : VAASUC , X]:" u: ..
I've never had p roblems with item 2 o r 3. I have a EXT X:GOTO 12518
48K system, however, an d this may be the reason. I 32538 A=USR(1516]
12512 If P[EK(16'4] THE .. &OTO 12516
have encountered item I only once, and it was with a 12534 VARSCK-1,)I - n =" ":If )1(:16 THE ..
canned program. There is a way around all of these VAAS(LE.CVARS]+lJ: .... O REfEAE.CES"
32535 LPRI .. T UAR$:LPAJ"T :CC=8:POKE 16
problems - a method by wh ich BUN CRUS H will ".8: VAA$ ="": "U"S:'''': RETUR ..
work o n ANY BAS IC program. If BUNCRUSH 32516 CL=PEEK(16'7]+PEEK(16,.J*256
32538 MUM$=STRSCCL]:If LE .. (VAAS]+lEMC ..
were written em irely in machine language, without UMS]+2)88 THEM LPRIMT VARS:VAAS:"
u
BASIC overhead, everything would work fine. ]'11
leave that as an exercise for the read er. 0

Listing 1. 1
32508 CLR : D1" VAR$(1]:ST =PEEk(136]+PE 2.5.165.117.113,2.6.16 •••• 1
:? IHPUT LIHE h TO E 161 , 6.218,177.285.141.162 , 6
288.7.113.161,6.281.244.249
177.285,141.157.6,168.4.177
28,288.'.1'2.4.248.1.288.28
DATA 115.6.785 . 15'.6 . 248,5'.781.

•" DATA 4'.2.1.1,2 •••• 5,781 .1 •• 2.8.

8.152
M: .. T 32562 DATA 24 ,185,1,168.76.115 . 6.280.2
)(: 1 81,15
32564 DATA 288.23,136 , 136.177,785.78'.
iII&l:I: ": I .. PUT 288,281,27
12566 DATA 248,13,177,285,148,168.6,23
n=ST : &OTO 8 168 , 6
12568 DATA 24~1",16 •• 6.168 , 2'4 , 157.6.
144,183
PAGE 28 THE A.NAL .O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL . 1

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VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENO IUM PAGE 29

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C H EC KSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
5 DATA "3,"',.'8,483.'67,761.238,227
,138,'62,886 L148,38,146,582,7677
88 DATA 871,'85 , 413 , 77,748,588,326 , 662
,4388
PAG E 30 THE A .N.A.L .O. G. CO MPENDIUM VOL. 1

SYS/STAT
16K Casse tte or Disk

b y Ro bert H a rtman

Sys tem Statu s is a BASIC progra m that allows ITIO. 12,17:? "A5232- C ports":AETURN
288 TAQP 32767:POSITIOM 23,1':1 "Co....a
the user to look at a formatted listi ng of all the nds" : PO SITION 2"'.28: ? ''I:::- Menu (s)"
devices accessible to him/ he r. It also ha s the capabil ~ 2" POSITIO. 2"'.21:? '~Run agilin "
ity to display 64 file s o n d rives o ne thro ugh four. Its :P051110N 2"',22:? "[j--E)cIT":POKE 55',34
:S ETCOlOR 2,4.4:POk£ L5CH.255
main p urpose, howeve r, is nOt to be a menu, but to 318 CLOSE U5:0PEM U5.4.1."K:":'ET It5,A
:If A()6' AND A()77 AND A()82 THE. 31.
supply the use r with information rega rding the l18 If A=6' THEM GRAPHICS 8:POIE 65.1 :
accessibility of the fou r RS~232 ports . GOSUB 258: MEW
l28 If A=82 THEN RUN
NOTE: If a dri ve is started up after the program 338 RE" tIE.U CS)
has bee n run , it is necessa ry to re~ run the program in 30&8 POSITIOM 23,H:? " u:POIE 2
81,14:fOA 1=29 TO 22:POSITION 2"',1: 1 ,
order to get a menu o n that particu lar drive. 0 :.EXT I:POSITION 2"'~21:? "Enter Driue"
358 TRAP 288:POSITION 37,21:IMPUT DR
368 If DR(1 OR DR)'" THEM 281
37' If DR=1 AND Dl=1 THE. DRV=I:'OTO '"
2.
388 If DR=2 AND 02=1 lHEN DRV=2:'OTO 4
S1:il1:US 2.
3'1 If DR =3 AND D3=1 THE. DRU=3:'OTO 4
2.
"'.8 If DR='" AND D"'=1 THE. ORU="':'010 4
:GAAPHIC 2.
82 I:PO 0&18 'OTO 288
~ ,i:H§~~': cO.=5h" 428 ? "iii": POSITIOM 2,1:? "Menu for Dr i
off u~ U";DRV:? :? :'OSUB 258 : 8$="0 :*.*":
B$(2,2)=STR$CDRV)
"I" : "'38 OPEM Al,6,8.B$:OPEN 1:12,"'.8,"1:"
"'48 TRQP "'88:INPUT Al . A$:.=N+l
458 ? A$(2.LENCA$)):IF PEEIC'8)=21 THE
.. POlE 82.PEEI(82)+21:POStTION PEflC82
).'
"'6' If N=35 THEM GOTO 528
"'71 '010 "' ...
"'81 ? CHR$(28);" " : ? :1
f lEN(A$)>t5 THE. If A$UI.1U="SE" TH
EN GOTO 588
""8 A$ (LEN CQ$) + U =" FREE SEC TORS"
588 fOR 1=1 TO LE.(A$):ASCI , I) ~ CHR$CAS
CCA$(l.IJ)+128) :NEXT I:? A$
510 POKE LSCH.255 :GE T a2.A:CLOSE a2:RU

TID" ' t:;::~~~,;*": POSt

261: D1
•S21 RE" Get rest of After Chilr
~nu
538 POKE LSCH.255:GET U2.A:POKE 82,2:?
=1 "I\:":POSITIO. 2 3
161 OPE" 1l2,6~I,"D2:*.*":POSITIO" A,C: 5"'8 TAQP 578:INPUT Ul.A$!? A$C2~LENCA$
? "tiE - Or i ue U2": GOSUB 268: D2=1
171 OPE" 1t3,6~8,"D3:*.*":POStTIO" A~C:
»
558 If PEEIC~8) =22 THEN POKE 82,PEEKC8
? '"I}J;1 -Ori ve U3": GOSUB 268: 03=1 2)+28:POSITIO. PEEK(82),'"
1810PE" U"'~6,8."04:* . *":POSITIO" R,C: 568 'OTO 5"'1
? ''[i!] - Or i ue U4": GOSUB 261: 04=1 578 TRAP 32767:(;OTO "'88
1'1 TAQP 288:0PE" 1IS,8 ..... A: .. :'OSUB 27
•2.8 CLOSE U5:TAAP 218:DPE" lIS,a.a."p:"
:P05ITIO" 14.14:? - Prin1:er"
,,~
•
218 RE" JEtIORY
228 POSITION 1.1~: 1 "AMOunt~ f--oftI!oltOr!l" CHECKSUM DATA
: POSllI0. 1,28: ? FA:FOR 1~1 10 5:P0511 (See pgs. 7~ 10)
10M 1.28:GEl U6.A:ACI' =A:NEMI I
238 FDA 1=1 TO 5:F$CI.I)=CHR$CACI)+128
):.EMT 1:f91!Ul0. 1,28:? , : P0511IO. 2, 18 DA1A '88,"'.~23,4'7,183,45S,788.73'~
21:? FS;"~' 522,885,473,8.266,62,125.6822
2"'1 '010 281 168 DATA '71,'86 ,1,8 "'4 . '85,35.32~,'3l,
258 FDA 1=1 TO 7:CL05E ucr : .EXT I:RE1UR 723,526,2~2,5'7,1"'8.128.'61.8"'51

•
268 C=Ct2 : RETUR.
278 POSITION 12,16: fOR 1=1 TO ",.? ''fir';
318 DATA 771,88',1"'6,28"'.'21,738.288.2
'7,386,287 . 718,'18,'64.'32,648 , 8'58
468 DATA "'18~72a.6"'.13"'.615.~33 ,7 67.2~
v

CHRSU+48+128);". ";:MEXT 1:1 "~4":POS 7.3~,838,72~,'37.5831

'v
VOL. 1 TH E A.N.A.L.O .G . COMP ENDIUM PAG E 31

FASTERCHARACTER DUMPS
16K Cassette o r D isk
by Joseph T. Trem

If you are an avid ATARI enthusiast as I am, then Progra m 2.

you probably have gone th rough quite a number of Li n e 20 - Sets up character variables
different programs. Many of the better programs use Li n e 30 - Transfe rs characters (fast)
cha racter redefiniti on. Unfortunately, to define a Lines 4 0·60 - Reads in new character
new character set o ne must move ATARI'scha racter Li n e 70 - Po in ts to new character base
set into a new defined memory locatio n. In BASIC,
P rogra m 3.
this takes time. For 102 4 bytes (128 characters o r 4
pages) it mkes approxi mately eleven seconds. It's Li n e 10 - Sets up va riables
downright boring! Line 100 - Transfers 128 cha racters
This article demonstrates a mach ine language Li n es l OOO~2170 - A lters cha racter set
routine in string fo rm which transfers ATARI's Li n e 3000 - Points to a new character base
character set into a use r-chosen RAM area. It runs in Lines 3500~7000 - Ma in loop for
a split second. Before going any further, I must state an imation
that this article is nOt a tutorial o n character redefini ~ Li n e 10000 - Sound routine
tion or animation, although they a re both used in Here's some information on our USR call:
the demo. A = USA(ADA(E$) . ADDA~PA~E)
He re is a brief summary of the four sa mple pro~ ADDR=address whe re new cha racte r set is to
grams included. Program I demonstrates c h a r ac~
reside
ter redefiniti on and the time involved in transferring
PAGE= the number of 256 blocks you wish
1024 bytes (line 40). This mkes approximately II to move.
seconds. Pr og ram 2 incorporates the machine
In closing, I hope that everyone will enjoy the
language routine and takes less than a second (line
substantial increase in speed this subroutine can pro~
30). Program 3 de mo nstrates a sa m ple program
vide. Just think . no more "Please wait . .. " prompts.
with sound and anima tion. There are five redefined
characters. After the program executes once, it
o
recycles and re--executes a ll over again. Notice the
time it takes to rerun ... remember: every time thi s
program runs, it is dumpi ng 102 4 bytes in under a
second! Program 4 is the source code for the
machine language routine.
The technique used in this program is called a Program I
block move. We simply look at what is in ATARI's
character base address and move that data to our new II AE" ***DUMPS 117 ' BYTES TO lEN CHBA
cha racter address, one byte at a time. This technique S USII' OILY BASIC tAPAOX. 11 SECOIDS)
is also good for playe r/ missile graphics. You can zero ***
71 OI" ES(51) : AA~OP = PEEI(186) - 8:POKE
out all player/ missile data in a split second . Just
think. no more time delay to dea r P/ M memory. l'
116,AAKTOP : CHBA S= AAKTOP:ADDR =CHBAS*756
GRAPHICS 17:POSITIOI I . ' : ? _ ; .. ..,UI
MG CHARAC TER 5ET"
Sound greatl Then read on ... here IS the ' I fOR X=I TO 1171 : POlf ADDR+X.PEEI(57
documen tation for the fi rst three programs. 344+K) :IE)lT )I
51 CHAR=5':POS=ADDR+(CHAR*8J
P rogra m I. 68 DATA 8, 74,16,66 , 151 , 66,68.8
71 fOR X=I TO 7:AEAD A: POKE (POS+)I) , A:
Li n e 20 - Sets up character variables IIIEXT X
Line 40 - Transfers characte rs (slow)
Li n es 50~ 70 - Reads in new cha rac ter
.,
88 GAAPHICS 18:POIE 752,I : POKE
' I POSITIOI 11,5 : ? a6;"["
756~CHB

Li n e 80 - Poi nts to new character base 188 'OTO 118

 PAG E 32 TH E AN.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DIUM VOl. 1

C HEC KSUM DATA 3818 POSITION l,Z8:1 tI6;"ASSY CHARACTE

R DUMP"
( See pgs. 7·10 ) 3588 FOR X=8 TO 4:POI(£ 188,14 : P0511IOIII
X,S:? 116;" ( ":GOSUB 5I11D:POI([ 78S,8:P
OUTIOW X.5:? 116;" \ ":G05U8 SID
1. D~TG 377.'5.5,a , 586 . '76 . 318,768 , 421 3 518 "EXT X
~ 36 1, 683,58'5
3528 FOR 1 =1 TO 28:POKE 788, 1 4:605U8 OJ v
ND:POKE 786,8:GOSUB SNO
3538 tlEXT I
• '.80 FDA X=5 TO 18 : POK£ 78e,14:POSITIO
• "is : ? 116;" [ ":GOSUB 5111):POI(E 788,8:
P r ogra m 2 POS TION X,S : ? U6;" \ " : 60'5U8 SMD
4818 liEU X
1 8 REM ***OUMPS 1824 BVTES TO .EM CHBA 4528 fOR 1 =1 TO 28:POI(£ 788,14 : G05U8 S
S I. MACHI.E L~.GUAGE (NO OELAV}*** ND:POKE 788 , 8:'05U8 SNO
4538 IIEXT I
28 DIM E$(5'J:RAMTOP=PEEK(186J - 8:POKE
1 86.RAMTOP:CHBAS =AAMTOP:ADOA=CHBAS*256
: PAG£='
38 FDA X=1 TO '8:R£AD N:E $ (XJ=CHA$(.) :
o.
S8.e FOR X=11 TO 14:POK£ 788,14:P05111
"i5: ? 116;" [ " : GOSUB 510:POI(£ 788,8
:P05 TIOM X,5:? 116;" \
5818 IIEH1 X
n:GOSUB SliD
NEXT X:A=USACAORCE$) , ADDR , PAGE):REM *0 6888 POSITION 15 , 5:? U6i " ]":fOR D=14 ,
UMP ROUTIM£* o 18 STEP - J:50UIIID O,3e , 8~D:.EXT D
4. D~TA 184 , 184 , 133 , 287.18',133.286,18 6818 POSITION 15,5: ? 116 ; "All: f OR D=18 T
4,18'.133~212,16' , 8 , lJ 3 .284.16',224.13 o 5 STEP - 1 : 50U"0 9~188.8.D : NEXT D
1 . 285,162 6828 POSITION 15 . 5 : 7 U6 ; "_":fDR 0 =5 TO
58 DATA 1.16•••• 177.284.1'5.286. 2 .8~28 8 STEP - 1:50U.O ' ~ 38 ~ 8 , D:NEXT D
8.24'.23 •• 285.218.287. 2 3 2 .228.212,288. 6839 P05ITION 15.5:7 116 ; " _ ":fOR 0 =5 TO
2'8,'6 8 STEP -1:S0UND 8,31.8.D:NEXT 0
68 CHAR=5':POS=ADDA+CCHAR*8) 6848 POSITION .15 . 5: ? 116 ; ""''':FOR 0=.19 T
7. DATA 1.2',36.66,.15J~66~68,8 o 5 STEP - 1 : 50UNO 8 • .188.8~D:.EXT 0
88 FDA X=8 TO 1 : AEAO A:POKE CPOS+X).A: 6858 POSITION .15,5:? 116; I I ] " : FOR 0 =.14 T
NEXT X o 19 5T£P - 1:S0UND O, 30 , 8.D:MEXT 0
.,
'I GRAPHICS .18:POK£ 752,.1:POI£ 7S6.CHS
118 POSITION ',5:7 U6;"("
'178 POKE 788,8:50UNO 8,8.8 , 8:S0U.0 I ,
8,8,8:S0U"0 2,9,8 , 8
.118 GO TO .118
7888 GO TO .18
.18888 SOU.O 8.2 ••• .12.a:SOU.o 2,293.12 •
8:S0UNO 1.RNO(8}*18,18.8:RETURM
•
C H ECKSUM DATA •
(See pgs. 7~ 10)
C H ECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7~l O)

18 DATA 772L278.7'8,586L876i l l ' ~2.17,87

2.803.21'.8/8 , "3.22' , 8/7 . 2 3 , 8615
• 2129 DATA 222 , 883,3'6.22 7 .344,'28 , 573,
54'.57 . 586,88',53 6 , 5' , 588.3'8,"'5
5818 DATA 538,8.15.7'7.838 , 8 3' , 758 , 828.
P rogram 3 756.623 . 55.1 , 7277

.18 ClA :DIM £$(58) :RAMTOP =PE£KCI86):CH

BAS =AAMTOP-8:ADDR=CHBAS*256 : P,,£ =':SND • A!>sCOI bl y lis d nl,l.
=1.88.
1 •• FOR X=.1 TO 48:A£AO N:E$CX) =CHR$CN)
: MEX T X: A=USRCAOACE$) . ADDR,PAG£} : R£M * 0188 'C~RACTER OLt1P BY JOE TREH
DUMP ROUTIM£* 8111 OlMCC ;TEI1P . l OCATlIJi OF ATARI'S CfI\lIACTER SET
.11. DATA 18' , .1'4,.133.287 , .184,1 33 .286 • .1 8128 t6F$Cf jT8fl. lOCATI~ OF t-£\J CW-lRACTER SET
8' • .18' , .133 , 2.12 , .16~ . 8,1 33, 28 4 .16, , 224 , 1 8138 AAGE=SD4 jNUNBER OF 256 BYTE BLOCKS
33 , 285.162 8148 f=i688
.128 DATA 1,168 , 8 • .177,28' • .1'5 286,288,2 8151 PLA
88 , 24'.238,2'5,238 ,2 87 ,232 . 228 , 21 2 , 288
~ 2'B,'6 81 61 PtA .,f'tll HIGH Il'YTE IF AOOR
1888 CHAR=5':POS =ADDR+CCHAR*8) Wi STA ,EY'I
.1819 DATA 8.8.144,'6 , 144 . 8 •••• 8188 PtA ;PU..l Ulr/lrfTE (f ADOR
1828 FOR X=8 TO 7:AEAD A:PDKE (POS+X), 9191 STA HEY
A:IEXT X 8288 PtA jPlU HIGH B'fTE-[)(}I'T t£ED
2888 CHAR=68:POS=ADDR+(CHAA*8) 82 18 PLA .i.~~hl NlttBER OF BLOCKS "fa HOOE
2818 DATA 8.6.6 • .15,6,6,8,8 8228 STA t"'HIJt
2828 fOR H=8 TO 7:READ A:POKE CPOS+X). 9231 lIlA IB9 ;lIlADS IN ATARI CHR .SH v
A:NEXT X
2158 CHAR=61:POS=ADDA+CCHAR*8) 0248 STA (lO
2861 DATA 1,8,8,28,8,28.8 •• 0258 l llA !Sf8 ;ATARI CtiR. Sf! IS AT 'EII8 (Jl 5734~ IH &\S:~
2.78 FOR X=8 TO 7:AEAD A: POKE CPOS+X), 82d. STA OlDf!
A:N£XT X 8278 l OX II
2188 CHAR=62 : POS=ADDR+(CHAR*8) 8281 l OI 19
2118 DATA 8 , 8,28,18,68 , 28,18,8
2.128 FDA K=. TO 7:AfAD A: POKE (P05+X),
om lOOP lIlA ((1.01,1
8311 STA (tjEY), 1 ;H(1,)ES TO HEW AREA
A:NEXT X 0318 IN!
" 2158 CHAR=63:POS=ADDR+(CHAR*8)
2.168 DATA 8.14 •• 1'4.51,86,72.2 , 8 8329 ~; E lOOP
2.179 FOR X=8 TO 1 : AEAO A: POKE (POSiXJ, 8338 INC (LOt I
A:NEXT K 8348 INC NEWt 1
188. GRAPHICS 11:POK£ 752.1:PO_£ 156 , C 8351 INX v
HBAS
 VO l. 1 THE A.NAL.O.G. CO MPENDIUM PAGE 33

1341 tPX PAGE

8371 IMllU'

.
8388 ~1.6IF All BlIX)(S IW<£ llWlED RETIMl TO BASIC
1391
~

Atari Symbol Demo

• REM •••••••••••••••••••• .1,188 L I48 Ll'6,152,1'6.152,288 , 164,2.8

1
2
REM
REM
** AlAAI SYMBOL
•* .11b4.2z8,1/2
2S8 If R(68 THEM 31
I REN * BY CRAIG WEISS * It: I~MR=68 THEM 588
5• RE" *
RE" ••••••••••••••••••••* 328 REM fIlL
18 GRAPHICS Z4 : COLOA l:POKE 55',' 338 REM
28 R=I 488 0=8
24 REM 581 READ A,8,C.D:PLOT ~,8:POSITIOM e,D
25 REM
26 REN
*** PLOT STAAIGHT LIlES *** : 0=0"1
, . . POKE 765,1
38 READ W,X,Y.Z:PlOT W,X:DAAMTO Y, Z:A= 'II HID 18.86,1 , 8,"5:"
."
1 •• DATA 144,13,144,76 144,13 156,15 1
44,13 , 128,28,156,15,156,88,16i,16,156,
1818 DATA 144 13 144 . 76,144,76 , 142.5 ,
4,142.5,'4,146,168,148.118,135 , 122 , 135
,122.126,137,126 L137.128,145
21 , 161,16,168,176 1 .18 DATA 12',I.~ , JI4,151 ,1 14,151.18a ,
III DaTA 168,16,18',21,188,2',188,176, 155.5,188,155 . 5,18',158 . 5,188.158.5,88
184,21,188,24,184 L21,t,.,24,t,.,Z4,1'. ,168,88,161.88,181
,a4,24 .IS4,2",1{2 1'28 D~TA 168,16,168.176.184,21~1 8 4L84
128 DATA 2" , 172,228,172.181.176.168,1 1138 D~T~ 184.84.186,184.186,114.187 . 5
76,168,176,1".176 ' .",116,1",1",88, ,128,18' . 5.128 . 1'6,136,1'6,136,284,148
181,68,188,88,188.88 1 168 1848 DAT~ 284,148,216,168,216,168,228,
118 DATA 68L18.,6811~8.68.16 •• 88,168,1 168,228.168,23'L I71
28,28,128,7~,184.2 ~184.84 Z888 If 0(2 T"~N 58.
lJ4 REM 2818 If 0=28 THEM 2888
135 REM
lJ6 REM
***
PLOT f~LSE CURUES *** 2588 REM
2518 REM *** "*CHIME LANGUAGE ***
141 DATA 128,77,126.5,'4,126.5,'4,124, 2528 REM
1.0 120,188,128,122,128 , 122.112,137,11 28.8 POKE 55',34:fOR X=l TO 1888:MEXT
2,1 j 7,1 4~145 H
158 DATA 184,145,'6 , 158,'6.151 . 88,155. 3888 fOR 1 =1 664 TO 1673:READ ~ : POKE I,
88,155,8'~158,88,158,72,168 A: MElCT I
161 DATA 144.76~142.5 , '4.142.5,'4,141~ 1 118 D~TA 232,142,18.212,142,24,28a,76
188 ,1 48.188,135,122,13 5,122,126.137,12 , 128,6
6,137,128~145 3828 ? USR(1664):RETURM
178 D~TA 12.~145 114 151.114.151.188 1 3138 RETUAM
55.5 , 188,155.5,168,1~8.5,188,158.5.8',
lO'
188 D~TA 156,88,153.5,112,153 . 5,112,15
8,12a,158~128.14.,144 ,1 43.144,136.156 ,
136,156,124,168
1'8 D~T~ 124,168,112,176,112,176,182,1 C H ECKSUM DATA
7',182.17','6,188.'6,188.88,188
288 DATA 1'4,84,1'4,'2,1'4 , '2 , 1'8 , 112, (See pgs. 7-10)
1'8,112,288,138.5 ,2 88.131 . 5,216,141,21
6 ,IU~2U, U8 8 DATA 552 . 1'4.141 , 486,288 ,562 ,472,'81
211 OAT~ 224,148,232,152,232,152,248,1 ,2 65,567 ,271,5 58,685,686 ,5 46,6 "a
SO 118 DATA 16,87,243,8',84,885,118,371,6
22' DATA 184,84,186 184 186 , 184 , 18' . 5 , 81 ,338,184,548 ,'38,88' .345 ,56 48
128,18'.5 , 128,1'6,136 , 1;6,136,284,148 258 DATA 655,4 ' 5 L81,75',87.225, 685,7'3
231 D~TA 214 ,148 L216,168,216,168,228,1 , 764,538,8 38, 34,/8,73,5'2, 668'
68 ,228 ,168.248,1/2 2818 D~TA 864 ,2'2.243,2'. ,878 ,63.617 ,1
248 DATA 182,122,184,132,184,132,188,1 61,786 ,4 H8
PAGE 34 TH E A.N.A.l.O.G. COMP END IU M VOl. 1

MULTIPROCESSINCi
16 K C assette o r Disk
b y Ma rk C h asin

No, this article will notenable you to set up a time~ mediate vertical blank vector is found at hexadeci ~
sharing service on your ATA R I home computer, but mal address $0222 and $0223, and the second vec ~
it will demonstrate how to implement a form of tor, called the deferred vertical blank vector, is found
multiprocessi ng which has been used in a number of at $0224 and $0225. What we are about to do is
recently released programs fo r the ATARI. To un~ change the add ress located at $0224, $0 225 to point
derstand the principles of th is program, you will to our own routine, and then we']] jump back into
need some background on how the video display the routi ne that the ATAR I was originally poin ti ng
operates. to. When this is accomplished, our routine wil l
The beam of electrons generated in the cathode execute 60 times pe r second, and will continue to
ray tube of your TV set is focused and directed at the execute unti l we either turn off the computer or hit
p hosphors on the screen. The beam begins sca n ning SYSTEM RESET. Th is will be rotally independent
the screen at the upper left corner, and p roceeds of anything else we may be doing at t he time, such as
across the screen from left to right. At the right edge, programming, editing, or pla ying a game!
it returns to the left side and drops down one scan The BASIC p rogram shown in Figure I is simply
line, and proceeds to the righ t aga in. This process is an implementation in BASIC of the Assembly l an ~
repeated 262 times until the whole screen has been guage program shown in Figu r e 2 , so I will describe
scanned, and then the beam is turned off and re ~ the operation of the Asse mbly language program in
turned to the upper left corner to repeat the process detail. First, I wi ll list the locations and their uses
again, sixty times a second. within the program.
This seems like a great deal to handle in o n e~ C O U NT I - used to determine how man y
sixtieth of a second, but your ATARI has a mach ine times we have gone th rough the rou tine, to ca l-
cycle time of 560 nanoseconds, so in that time in ~ culate when to start and stop the notes to be
terval, the ATARI can execute approximately played.
30,000 cyc les . The result of this is that when the C OUNT 2 - used to remember which note
beam retu rns to the upper left corner of the screen, the routine is playing.
there is a good deal of time to waste before it must VVBLKD - the location of the deferred
start scanning again. At this point, the ATAR I goes vertical blank vector.
off on its own, performing a number ofhouse k eep~ SETVBV - an ATAR I routine, described
ing funct ions, updating timer~ and the like. Ult i ~ in more detail below.
mately, it retu rns to the business of drawing o n the MU S IC - the location where the list of
screen. nOtes to be played is stored.
The folk s who built you r ATARI designed the R ET U RN - this is where we need to jump
syste m so that it could be modified easily by anyone to recurn to the ATAR I housekeeping routines.
wanting to do so, and the rema inder of th is article SND - the frequency register for SOUND
will discuss such a modification. The computer O.
" kno ws" where to go duri ng the wait described V O L - the distortion and volume register
above because two memory locations contain a hexa ~ fo, SOUND O.
decimal address tell ing it where to go, and every time Li nes 130 and 170 ~ 190 are housekeeping func~
it gets to the upper left corner of the display, it loo ks tions of this ro utine. Line 130 prov ides the PLA
in these memo ry locatio ns and goes to the indicated instruction necessary for accessing the routine from
address, where the housekeeping routines are stored. BASIC, and lines 170 ~ 190 set both COUNTs to O.
This process is called vectoring. There are actually Lines 230~270 repoint the delayed vector to our
two independent routines performed during each routine, as follows. Since the 6502A inside your
interval, and separate vectors exist for each. The im- ATARI is an 8 bit processor, we can o nly handle one
 VOL. 1 THE A. N.A.l.O.G. COMPEN DIUM PAGE 35

v byte at a time. It should be obvious that if the com- This is a simple demonstration of the use of verti-
puter tries to access this vector after we have cha nged cal blank inter rupt routines. There are many other
one byte of the address, but before we have changed potential uses for this approach, such as background
the second, the compute r will go on a wild goose music for another program, check ing for keyboard
chase looking for where it should be. To p revent th is, or joystick input du ring a p rogram. or implementa-
those clever folks who wrote the operating system tion of multitasking. [t is perfectly feasible to have
for your computer built in a routine, called SETVBV, two completely separate programs running "simul-
which will change these vectors without the chance taneously," but the programming for this gets fairly
of fouling things up. To use it, we load the Y register complicated. One program would run in real time,
with the new vector low byte, and the X register with and the other during the vertical blank inte rrupt
the new vector high byte, $20 and $06 respectivel y routines. Play around with the ideas presented here,
in this case, since ou r routine is loaded at $0620. We and learn all about simultaneous p rocessing. 0
then load the accumulator with a 7 if we are setting
the deferred vector, or a 6 if the immediate vector,
and then we JSR to the subroutine SETVBV. Presto!
Figure I .
Our vector is changed, and the routine starts oper-
ating.
This routine will playa little familiar background
music whilc you slave away over a hot computer.
Later o n, I'll describe how to change the tunc to your
own selection. The routine starts on line 320. This is
the first time through, so we increase COUNT 1 to
one. If COUNT 1= 12. we'll turn the note o ff, and
when COUNT 1= 15, we'll play the next note, and
reset COUNT 1 to O. Lines 360-370 shut off the
nOte, lines 410-420 reset the count to 0, and lines
430-470 play the next note. The tune consists of
eight notes repea ted over and over, and COUNT 2
keeps track of which nOte is being played. Whe n it
gets up to 8, it's resC[ to 0 (lines 480-530), so the
first note is played right after the eighth. If COUNT
1 is not equal to either 12 or 15, the routine ends and
returns to the normal housekeeping funct ions per-
formed by the ATAR I during the vertical blank
per iod (line 400). Also, after a new note is starred,
the same thing happens (line 540). The table of nOtes
played in the tu ne is located in li ne 590.
The BASIC program in Figure 2 simply converts
the instructions described above in to decimal fo rm,
and POKEs the rou tines into the correct place in • C HEC KSUM DATA
memory. T he rout ine is then set in motio n with the (See pgs. 7-[0)
USR call in li ne 27000, and from that point on, can
be ignored. It will conti nue by itself! 8889 DATA 1JJ.466.426,611,26~S47,~51.8
74,164,587,J65.7J5.JJ5,421,l~7,7018
Changing the tu ne being played is ve ry simple. 23808 DATA 4'3.616.~4S,'11 . 1'7.274.17S
Choose a song in wh ich all the notes are the same ,1521
length, e.g., quarter notes. In line 2 4000, change the
1639 to ( 1632+the number of notes in your tune- I), •
replace the data in lines 25000 and 26000 wi th the
notes fo r you r [line, and change the 8 in line 22000 Figure 2.
to the n u mber of no tes in your tu ne. Remember, the
tune will play over and over, so pick something 18 t= t8688
wh ich sounds good o n repetition. 21 COIMI = SIIC!
The routine presented here can be ended by a 3i 'MIJ(D = $1224
48 COlNT2 = SU C2
power-off, power-on seq uence, o r by a SYST EM se Sf11JIIJ = 'E45C
RESET. A thi rd method, probably mo re usefu l fo r 61 MUSIC ='8668
use in a program, is this: 78 RETURN = $E462
88 !lID = mil
POKE 1562,194:POKE 1544,'S:POkE 1 546 ,2 ~ I,\l = $O21l1
28 : X=USR(1542) : SOUND 0,0,0,0 8111 i
 V
PAGE 36 THE A.N. A.L .O.G . CO MPENDIUM VOL . 1 ~

V
"ila; PlA FCR ~IC ACa:SS v
112. j
8131 PlA ~
1141 i
81l!; INITIAliZE ro.MERS TO ZERO ~
8161 .
8171 \1)\ 19 v
8181 STA COIIIII
8191 ST. ro.M2 ~
1211
8211 t{]j RESET DEFERRED <{crill ~
1221 i
8238 LOY "28 v
1241 lDl 1116
8258 lM 187 v
1261 JSI S£T\IIIJ
8278 ITS v
8298 .
8m·; ... IN
1311
INTERRlJ'T RWT IHE v
83!1 1= f1l629 ~
8321 INC COIIIII
8338 LOX ro.Ml v
8341 CP); 112 jTlNE TO STOP NOTE'
8358 IK:C leI jtl) Iv
8361 LOA i8 j'rES, so STOP IT
8371 ST. «<. ~
838. 1(1 CPX .15 ;15168 SE~OS GIJ4E'
8m BCS PlAY jYES PlAY tEXT MJTE
'-'
8411 .!t1P RETUI\l ;H6, END INTERRUPT
8411 PlAY L.M 18
8421 STA COIIIfI ;RESET COIIIII TO ZERO '-'
8438 lOX 0l.NT2 jGET MJTE TO PtAY v
8441 LIlA NUSICC)lOOK IT 1If
8458 STA!N) j~ 1 IT'S FRECOEP«:Y v
1461 LOA IIW
8<71 ST. «<. 'SET PtIlE NOTE VOll/£'6 v
8481 INC i:iiiiIt2 ;SET UP NOO lllTE
8491 LOX ro.M2
8Slt CPl 18 iAll NOTES USED UP?
Graphics 10 GTIA Demo
Iv
8511 sa: IXJ£ .",
8521 LOA H il'~S, START ()JER AGAIN 18 RfM GR~PHICS 11 GTI~ DEMO
8538 ST. ro.M2 28 RE" v
1541 OIJlE J1P RETtMi ;AlL OIJlE 31 liRAPHICS 18
8551 • 41 REM eH".'E DATA TO eHA.'E COLORS ~
8561; TAIl.E OF MUSICAL NOTES 51 fDA CI=I TO 7:RfAD CU:POKE 715+CM,C
8571 ; U:MEKT CM:DATA 6,12,23,42 , 53,62 , 73,84 v
1581 to: '166' 68 C=8:SETCOlOA 4 , C,.
8591 .BYTE 243,243,217,243.284,243.217,243 71 FDA X=8 TO 3'
al FDA Y=8 TO '5
'I XN=I' - M:YN='S - Y : DIST=IMTe~QReMw.XN+
• Y"'YN))
111 COLOR l+a*eDrST/a - rMTeDI~T/a))
v
111 PLOT M,Y
121 PLOT " - M, Y
13. PLOT X.l'l - V
148 PLOT 7'-M , 1'1- Y
IS' .EMT Y
161 .EXT X v
171 RE" ROTATE COLOR 1£'I5T£15
lal CHOlD=PEEKe7IS)
1" X=7IS
2.' POKE X P££KeX+1)
211 X=M+1:iF X(712 THEI 211
221 POKE 712.CHOlD
211 'OTO 111
""
C H EC KSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)

v
 ••
••
••
••
••
••
•• CiRAPHICS
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
 v VOl. 1 THE A.N .A.L .O .G. COM PENDIUM PAGE 39

MOVINCi PLAYERS
IN BASIC

16 K Cassette o r Disk

by Tom H u d son

Player~missile graphics are one of the most F igu re I .

powerful graphic featu res of ATARI personal
co mputer syste ms. Unlike traditional graphics, !28 S.32 !68 4 2
v p layers and missi les ca n be moved around on the
screen without disturbing the existing display.
In order to use players and missil es, one must first
reserve a portion of memo ry. Once this is done, the
user can begin designing and display ing the players
and missiles.
The problems begin when the user wants to move
a player o r missile around o n the screen. Ho rizontal
movement is done easily. A POKE to the appropriate
horizontal position memory location will move the
desi red p layer to any horizontal locatio n o n the
screen. If the user wa nts to move a player o r m issile
vertically, he o r she must copy the P1M b it image to If you look at Figure I , you will notice numbers
v another location in memo ry. BASIC is too slow to over each column in the matrix. These numbers
do th is smoo thly, b ut it can call a ma c hine ~ l an g ua ge ra nge fro m 1 o n the right to 128 o n the left. These
V s ubro utine to do the "d irty work." n umbers will be used to create a DATA statement
V D esigning P layer s th at will represent a player im age.

V Before we start using the player movement

subro utine, we must h ave some sort o f graphi c image F igure Z.
V to p lace in the player.
!28 s. 32!6a42
V Players are eight pixels (pictu re elements) wide, so
the first step in des igning the p layer im age is to d ra w
a matrix eight cell s across and as tall as the desired
v image. In the "two line" resolution player mode
(each pixel in the player is t wo television scan lines
tall ), the p layer can be up to 128 pixels high. The
computer can display p la yers with pixels one scan
line rali, bur the one~li n e resolution requires twice '"
th e memory of the two~li n e mode. Thi s
'"
demonstration uses the 2 line resoluti o n in o rd er to
save memory. For our purposes, we wil! set up an
H++-H-++-1 '
8 x 10 matri x to design the player image ( Figure L).
H++-H-++-1'
 PAGE 40 TH E A.N.A.L.O.G. COMP ENDI UM VOL. 1 v

v
Figure 2 shows the simple player image used in Line 290 - This USR call moves the player
the demonstration program follow ing this article. to the desired X and Y location. This statement
The number to the right of each row is the total of the has 7 parameters ins ide the USR parentheses:
column numbers in which a pixel is "on. " If all pixels A=USR(MOUE,I,PNB,PMD,K,Y,7)
in a row are on, the number is 255 (128+64+32+
" MOVE" is set up in line 110. It is th e
16+8+4+ 2+ 1). If no pixels are on. the total would
add ress of the P/M mover subroutine. 00 not v
be zero. You will note that the player image in figure
change th is value.
2 is seven pixels tall, meaning that in order to display "0" means that we want to move player zero.
th is player image we will have to move seven bytes to
This value can range from 0~3, moving anyone
player memory. Try design ing your own player
of the fo ur players.
images using this method. Remember that players v
"PMB" is the P1M base address set up in line
using the two-line resolution mode can be up to 128
150. 00 not change th is value.
pixels tall.
" PMD " is the address of the string thac holds
The program. the player image data. This sho uld be set to the
Once you have designed your player images, you add ress of the string you are using to hold your
are ready to display them with the computer. The player shape data. If your player shape data is in
BASIC p rogram in Listing 1 will move all four a st ring called "PL$," you could replace PMo
players around on the screen . It calls the P1M with ADR(PL$).
movement assembly language routine, show n in The X and Y variables are the horizontal and
Listing 2. vertical coordinates of the player.
As listed. the p rogram will move the shape The last parameter, "7," indicates thac the
designed in Figure 2 around on the screen at random. player we are displaying is 7 pixels tall (see lines
The shape of the player is stored as a ser ies of bytes in 130 and 420). If the player you design is 10
the string PO$. By placing you r player image data in bytes long, place a 10 here.
line 420, you can change the shape that appears on Lin e 300 - This line determines when to
the screen. There are currently seven bytes in line randomly change the player's movement
420, but if you r player image has a d ifferent number, direction. If a random number is chosen that is
place the appropriate value in lines 130 and 290. greater than .95, a new direction is tr ied.
Lines 110~ 180 - Set up the subroutine and Line 3 10 - This line loops back to line 240
turn o n the P1M graphics. if no new direction is needed.
Lin es 220-230 - are fo r demonstration Lin es 350~380 - These lines contain the
purposes o nl y. You can put your program code assembly-language code fo r the playe r
in this section. movement subroutine. 00 not change these
Lin e 11 0 - loads the string PMMOV$ with lines, or the subroutine will p robably not work.
the P1M movement subroutine. Lin e 420 - This line contai ns the values
Line 130 - Places the data that defines the which represent the player image's shape. Place
graphics image into the string PO$. If your your image values here.
player image is more or less than seven pixels Summary.
tall, place the appropri ate value in this line.
The ATARI computer systems' player-missile
Line 140 - This line tells the system where
graphics capabilities are actually very easy to use,
the P1 M memory is located.
given the proper tools. The subroutine p resented
Line 150 - This line saves the address of the
here will help even the beginning ATARI
string that holds the player image data.
programmer experi ence the wonders of player-
Line 170 - Turns o n r i M direct memory v
missile graphics. 0
access so that the im age will appear on the
screeen.
Line 180 - Sets the color of player 0 to
Li sti ng I .
blue. The value 136 is derived by multiplying
the color number (8) by 16 and adding the 18 RE" •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
luminance value (8). The result is (8*16)+8 or 28 REM *
P/M MOUER SUBROUTINE DEMO *
136. 11 REM
48 REM
SIREM*
** BY TOM HUDSOM
*
**
Line 220 - Initializes the X and Y
68 REM * A.R . A . L . O.~ . CONPutrMG •
coordinates of the player. The coordinates refer 78 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
to the upper left corner of the player. The X 88 REM
' I REM ••••••••••• SETUP ••••••••••• v
coordinate may range from 0·255. and the Y 118 REM
coordinate from 0-127. 118 DIM PMMOUS(108),P8$t18) :MO UE =ADR(P
HMOVS):FOR X=1 TO 108:AEAD N: PMMOUS(X)
Lines 230~280 - This section simply =CHAS(M,:NEXT X:AEM *READ ML DATA*
changes the player'S coordinates randomly. 128 RfH ***
NOW READ SHAPE DATA *** v
 VOl. , THE A.N.A.L.O.G . COMPEND IUM PAGE 41

138 FOR H=l TO 7: READ N: P9SCH) =CHR$C.) 8m ,IPEAATING SYSTEII EII'J\TES

: MEHT H 8281 ;
148 P~A~E=I.TCCPEfK(145)+3) / 4)*4 : POKE 8298 HPOSP8 • ' 0888
5427'.PMBASE:REM *** ~ET UP PI" AREA 83.8 i
***
158 P~ = PH8A5 E*256 8318 jPROGWt1 STARTS HERE!
168 PND=ADR(P9$) : REM *** PI " DATA AD DR 8328 j
E~5 ***
178 POKE 55' . 46:POKE 53 27 7 .3:AEM *** P
8338 f= $6888
8341 START CLi
;IM ADDRESS
:CLEAR D£C I~L HODE
1 M DNA *** 8358 r... jDlstARO
181 POKE 784 . 136:AEM *** PLAVER I COLO 1368 PiA jOlsrARD I HI
8378 PlA ;PUll PlAYER I LO
1"
•218***REM m8 STA PUlll1 ·~O SAVE Il '
REM **** YOUR PROGRAM HERE! **** 83?8 PlA :PUll PIM ~ HI
218 REM
228 X=128 : V=64 8411 ClC jADD OFFSET TO GET
238 XI=1 - INT(RND(e'*3) : VI =I - INT(RNOCI) 0418 ROC.2 ;PLAYER IIDtlRY AOOR
."
249 H=H+XI : V=V+VI
8421
8431
STA PlADR+ 1
PlA
:~O SAVE'
:PULL P/I'1 ~S£ LO
251 If X( 58 THEN X=58:&OTO 2 78 8448 ST. PlADR :11'10 SAVE'
268 IF X) 1', THEN X=1'8 8451 PlA :PUlL STRI~ HI
278 If V( 28 THEN V=28:GOTO 2'8 8461 STA PNSTR+] ;ft'lO SAVE '
2 88 If V) 118 THEN V=119 8478 PlA jPULL STRINJ LO
2'8 A=U~R(MOUE,8 . PH8.PMD.X . V # 7)
188 If ANO(8)8 . 'S THEN 238 8488 STA PNSlR ';fiD SAVE f
318 'OTO 248 8498 PLA ;DlstARO x HI
3 28 REM 8518 PLA jPULL :x LO
1 38 REM *** PM ~UER DATA *** 8518 STA XPOS :~D SAVE: IT!
148 REM 852i PLA ;O ISCARD Y HI
358 DATA 216 . 184 . 184.19'.13J.213.184.2 8531 PlA :PUlL Y LO
4.185 .2. 1 13 .286 . 184.1~ 3 .285.114 . 1 33 .28 8548 STA YPOS :~D SAVE IT '
4.194 . 133. 28 3 .184.184 . 1 3 3.288 8551 PlA j:l:!SfARD LENGTH HI
3 68 DATA 184 . 184 . 131.28'.184,184.24 . 18 8561 'LA jPUlL LENGTH LO
1 , 28'.133.287 , 166,213.2'8 . 16 . 165.285 . 2 8578 ClC jADD Y POSITI~
4.185 , 128 . 133 .285.165 . 286.185
3 78 DATA 8 13~ , 286 282 288 248 168 . 8 1 me ADC Y'OS iTO GEl END
62,O,1'6, 26, , 144 , 1' , 1,6,20} , 176,lS,li. 8598 STA MNO ' ~D SAVE IT'
. 21 2. 138,168 . 177 .283 . J64 8611 l OX PWltl !SET PLAYER.
3 88 OATA 212. 145.285,232.16' , 8 , 248 , 4 . 1 801 8 1lE0 Il«AI. ;NO UID ~EOEO '
6' . 8 . 145 , 285. 288 , 1'2 . 128.288 .224,166, 2 8628 PlCAlC LOA PlADR :ADD 128 TO
11 . 165 . 28 8, 1 57 .8.298. ' 6 8638 ClC :PLAYER
3'9 REM 8 6 4~ ADC 1128 :ADORESS
489 REM *** PLAV ER IMAGE DATA *** 8658 STA PlAOfl :TO
U8 REM
42 9 DATA 2 55, 1 2 ' . 12'.231,12' .12' .255 86~B LOA PLAOIH1 :POINT TO
8678 ADC l1li jNOO
0688 STA PLADlh l :P lAYER.
• 8698 00< :f¥IDHER A()JUSOOIT"
C H EC KSUM DATA 87,. !ljE PLCALC irES '
(Sec pg'. 7- [ 0) 8718 EtlOCAl. LOY .8 iZERa PIt1 ctWT
en. LOX W8 :2ERO SlRJNG crun
8738 COPYLP CPY YPOS :COPYING MTA YEP
18 DATA 532 . '~ 8. "6, 64.9 . 4 83 . 5 44 .2 6S . ' 81~1 8~C ZERO :NO'
8'.7 4 .7 6 5,328 ,74 3 ,'81 . 53 6 . 88 78 8758 CPY f'MENI) iFlmSHEO COPYING")
168 DATA 72',7 78 . '45.101.552 .7'.85' . '6 8 7 ~8 BCS ZERO :YES '
8, 4 7 ' . ' 2 9.'83. ' 2 1 . '5'.424, 374.'561
3 18 DATA 784 , 84 . 588 . '8.6 3'. 7 32 .4 35. 188 8na STy tnD
8788 TXA
:SAVE Y REG
. 185 , 1'1. 8 3.56.3887 :"WE X REG •. ,
87" TAY :TO Y REGISTER
881e LOA (PHSTR ) ,Y :GET PIH ME
• 8818 LOY 1Il.0 ;GET PIH IfFS<T
8828 Sl~ (PLADR},'t iC.wIG( PLAYER '
8838 INX jt'EXT STRI~ BYTE.
Listing 2. 8848 LOA.9 ;FORC~ B~ CH
8858 1lE0 1lEX! :TO t£XT 8YTE'
8868 ZERO L~ 18 :ZERO OUT. ..
"B1!' :pun'ER-M !SS ILE HCrJ£R SlJBR(JJTlNE
Blill: ; 8878
8988
STA If't.ACJR), y
NEXT Ii'll
'PlAYER BYTE'
;N~T PJl1 8YlE
1128 : 8m CPY.123 : [)(H W/C(fY?
8138 :BY Til'! HOOSI1i 8918 ~E COP"TLP jNOl D(lIE 'JE r'
8148 jA .N.A.L.O.G. t~PUTING 8m LOX PlID1 'GET PlAYER I
8151 : 8928 LOA X' OS lNW JUST SET
8 ]~8i 8938 STA if1)SPI ,x :x LOCATI~ I
8171 ;PAGE ZERO USAGE 8948 RlS ;FINISI
81S1 . 8951 .END
8198 PMsrR • lClI ,PIH S<\SIC STRI~
1211 PLAOR • ' CD
81li AH!JI) • •or
:PLAYER ADDRESS
jPLAl'£R IWlCiE 00
•
8228 XPOS = f Da ;) POSI1:~i
11138 YPOS = SO! : Y POSIT!!}j
11241 HO~D = ' !l4 :HOlD AREA
82Se PlNlI1 = SDS ;PLAYER I TO MOVE
1268 ;
PAGE 42 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMP ENDI UM VOL. 1

USINCi DLls

-
16K Casse tte o r Disk
b y Joseph T. Tre m

For many yea rs there have been powerfu l com~ play list uses all combi natio ns of the scan line from
puters on the market which performed mult i ~tasking graphics 0 to graphics 8 and allows you to set up a
functions. Not until a few years ago d id the home DLI on any line. For example, one could draw a sca n
computer acquire this capabili ty. At last! ATARI! line, change the background color, and so on. The
Having a 6502 m icroprocessor for its b rain, your final picture will appear to have a different color on
ATARI computer has the capability of using inter~ each line.
rupts. An interrupt is a tricky way of freez ing the To set up a DLI, there arc a few steps which have to
state of the microprocessor while perfo rming some be ta ken. First, we have to create a DLI routine in
other funct ion, then moving on when completed. machine language that will do what we want. This is
Here is an example. On a raste r scan TV, the called a service routine. Then we musr let the micro~
picture you see is drawn sixty times a second. The p rocessor kn ow where to find that routine by vec~
beam starts in the uppe r left~hand corner and even~ tori ng through $200 (low byte) and $20 1 (h igh
tually ends up in the lower right~hand corner. Th is is byte). That's 5 12 and 513 deci mal. Next, we set the
done sixty times a second. The time taken for the display list lines that we want the serv ice routine to
beam to travel from the bottom of the screen back to occur after with a DLl instruction. Finally, we must
the top is called vertical blank. During vertical blank , enable the DLI.
there is plenty of time for othe r processing. Using an Because the concept of the D LI is a hard one to fol~
interrupt, one cou ld check fo r vertical blank. When low and needs so me understandi ng of Assembly lan~
vertical blank occurs, it is possible to perform some guage, I have p resented an example ... a picture is
other function, then contin ue on. Some o f the more worth a thousand words! This p rogram. written in
com mon function s would be moving playe r/ mis~ BASIC, twinkles a sta rfie ld whi le running player/
siles, updating score coun ters, changing colors ... all missiles ... both appearing independent of one
between Vblank, as it is more commonly called. If anothe r.
these functions are performed during Vblank, there The program is well documented. In the example,
is no unsightly flicker on the screen. Besides, Vblank the service routine is located at $600. Every display
is p rocessi ng time to kill. right! list line has been set in the graphics 7 mode with a
ATARI goes a step fu rther by implementing a dis~ DLI instruction ( Figure 1). This was de termined by
play list interrupt or DLI. On a raster scan TV, the using the chart in Figure 2. The DLI instruction for
beam sweeps ac ross the screen, from left to right, graphics 7 is 141 decimal. Included with the BASIC
moves down one line, then does it again. One sweep program is the assembled listing of the service rou~
of the beam is one sca n line. h rakes 262 sweeps of tine which simply stuffs colors in the color register.
that beam to create a single frame on you r TV, all Hopefully, th is program will help you gain a better
done sixty times a second. In other words, there arc understanding of the DLI. It is among the most
262 scan lin es available on your TV. powerful programming tools you can use. Take some
ATARI designed their computer to evolve around time ro understand the concept. and you wil! greatly
the architecture of your TV set. Even bener, the dis~ increase your programming expertise. 0
........ VOL. 1 THE A. N.A.L.O. G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 43

Stand a rd G ra phics 7 Ne w G raphics 7 Di splay ,.

258 POKE 512,8:POKE 513,6:POKE 54286,1
Display List List with DLI Set 268 RE" 5ETs UP PLAVER/~ssILE 8
278 YP=8:POKE SS'L62:PMBAS=PEEKCI16J-3
70 8 Blan k lines 70 8 Blank lines 2:POKE 5427',PMBA~:POKE 53277 , 3 : PM8=PM
70 8 Blank lines 70 8 Blank lines BAs*256+1824
288 GOSUB 3S8
70 8 Blank lines 70 8 l3lank lines 2" REM PLAYER/NIssILE COLOR, MOUE RIG
40 Antic Mode 13 40 Antic Mode 13 HT
( Basic mode 7) (Basic mode 7) 381 POKE 714,INT(RNDC.J*15J*16+8 : FOR X
=38 TO 231 STEP SP:POKE 53248,X:50UMD
60 60 8,K,8,4:WEXT X
70 70 318 'OSUB 351
328 RE" PLAVER/MISSILE COLOR, NOUE LEF
00 SO Antic Mode 13 T
with OLi set 331 POKE 714,IWT(RND(IJ*15J*16+8:FOR K
=231 TO 31 STEP - SP:POKE 532'e,K:SOUWD
00 SO 8,X,8,8:"EXT K: GOTO 288
00 SO 3'1 REM ROUTINE ERASES OLD PLAVER, DET
SO ERMINE5 SPEED, AND UERTICAl LOCATION 0
00 f PLAYER 8
00 SO 351 SP=SP+l : FOR H=VP TO VP+4:POkE PM8+
K,8:NEXT K:IF SP)15 THEM SP=1
Figure I . 361 VP=31+RND'eJ*151:POKE PM8+VP,24:PO
KE PM8+VP+l.255:POKE PM8+VP+2,255:POKE
PMO+VP+3 24:RETURN
371 REM ",CHINE LA.'UdGE DATA
3e8 DATA 142,2.,218.6.
3" RE" .OTE TO ASSEMBLY PROGRtMMERS ..
Display List In te rrupt Instructio n C h a rt WSVNC MAS NOT USED FOR MORE ERRATIC FL
G ra phics Mode DLI Instructio n ICI(ERIN'
Basic A ntic Hex Dec imal
0 $02 $S2 \30 •
None $03 $83 131 C HEC K SUM DATA
None $04 $S4 132 (See pg'. 7- 10)
None $05 $S5 133
I $06 $86 \34
2 $07 $S7 135
3 $OS $SS 136
4 $09 $S9 137
5
6
$OA
$OS
$8A
$8B
13S
139
•
None $OC $8C 140 AsscmlJl y li slin.: .
7 $00 $SO 141
None $OE $SE 8118 fLICIERING STARFIELD
S $OF $SF 143 8118 ; DLI SERVICE ROUTINE
8128 ;
Figure 2 . 8138 ; tDDAE5S $0118 15 THE
8148 ; COLOR/LUMINANCE REGISTER
8158 OF PLAVFIELD 2
8168
8178 COLPF2 = $0818
1181 ;
ill REM FLICKERIN' sTARFIElD 8ua *=$68.
111 RE" BY JOE TREM CeJ 1'82 8288 ;
121 REM 8218 ; SAVE WHATEUER IS II THE
131 REM SETS GRAPHICS 7 FULL SCREEN, D 8228 ; X-REGISTER INTO PLAVFIELD
RAWS SURFACE WITH SOUID 8238 ; COLOR 2 HARDWARE RE'ISTER
141 GRAPHICS 23:POKE 788,136:COlOR I:F 8248 .
OR X=I TO 15':SOU.D ',II,X,4:PLOT X,'S 8258 15TH COLPF2 ; sTORE COLOR
:DRAMTO X,81+RMDCIJ*S:MEHT X 1268 RTI; RETURM FRO" INTERRUPT
lSI REM CALCULATES DISPLAY LIST, SETS 8278 ;
SPEED OF PLAVER TO 8 8288 .UO
168 sP=8:DLST=PEEKC568J+PEEKCS61J*2S6
178 REM SETS UP DlI FOR EACH GRAPHICS
7 SCAN LINE •
181 FOR L=6 TO 84:POKE DLST+L,14i:MEKT
l
1" REM READS ~CHIME LA.GUAGE ROUTIME
UTO PAGE 6
218 FOR J=I TO 3:READ A:POKE IS36+J,A:
IEXT J
218 COLOR 3:RE" SETS COLOR TO FLICKER
228 REM PLOTS STARS WITH SOUMD
238 FOR K=l TO 51:50U_0 ',K , K,4:PLOT R
MDCOJ*IS',RND(8J*7S:MEXT X
2.1 REM SETS START II' ADDRESS FOR DLI '
(PACE 6) AID EIABLES DlI
 PAGE 44 THE A.N.A .L.O .G. COMPEN DIUM VO L. 1

A CiRAPHICS
CLIPPIN<i ROUTINE
16K Cassette or D is k

by Tom Hudson

Probably every ATARI user who has ever dabbled Line 190 - This line establis hes the initial
in the graphics area has encountered the infamous size of the s hape. Since SF is set at 0.5, the object
"ERROR 14 1 - CURSOR OUT OF RANGE." will start out half as big as defined.
This error message occurs when you try to PLOT or Lin e 200 - Th is line sets RF, the rotation
DRA WTO a point which is off the sc reen. The factor, to 10. With this value, the s hape will
program listings p resented in this article will rotate IO degrees cou nter~clockwi se each time it
demonstrate a BASIC subroutine which eliminates is drawn. A negative value will ro tate it
this problem, while drawing the porrion of the line clockwise , and a value of zero will res ult in a
which is on the screen. n on~ rotati ng s hape.
Listi n g I is the clipping routine . Type in this sub~ Lin e 2 10 - Th is line defines CX andCY, the
routine and check it for typing er rors. List this onto center coordinates of the object. The present
tape (LIST "C:") or disk ( LIST IIO:fiIe n a m ), SO values will place the object at the center of the
that it can be easily merged with other programs. screen. Try other values here and observe the
Li stin g 2 is a demonstration of the clipping res ults.
ro utine 's capabi lities. This p rogram is a gencral- Line 220 - Th is line is essent ial to the
p urpose shape rotation routine and will be expla ined operation of the clipping routine. It defines the
in detail later. Type NEW and enter this listing into limits of the sc reen area you wish to use. These
your computer, then check it for typing errors. values are currentl y set to the normal
When you are sure Lis ting 2 has been entered GRAPHICS 6 screen limits (X RIGHT= 159, X
correctly, ENTER the clipping routine from tape LEFT~O, Y B01TOM ~95, Y TO P ~O) . By
(ENTER "C:") or dis k (ENTER "D:filename"). changing these values, a s maller "window" may
The two listings will merge, forming one program. be created. For example, make the follow ing
RUN the program. You will see a square appear. It cha nges to line 220:
will begin rotating and increase in size until its 228 KA=88:Kl =68:Y8=SI : YT=38
corners run off the screen completely, and it
RUN the program and observe the result.
disappears altogether. Press BREAK to Stop the
The shape will be clipped to the new window
program.
limits. By using t his technique, very interesting
How it wo rks. d isplays can be created with independent
Line 150 - This li ne sets the BAS IC cl ipping windows!
DEGREE flag. This te lls the computer that all Line 2 30 - Th is li ne sets t he DATA pointcr
angles will be expressed in degrees. to line 360. This line contains the data wh ich
Li ne 160 - This line sets up a full~screen defi nes thc s hape of the object.
GRAPHICS 6 screen. Line 240 - Th is line reads the number of
Line 170 - This li ne tells the computer to points in the shape and dimensio ns X and Y
use color 1 when drawi ng. coordinate work arrays accordi ngly.
Line L8 0 - This line sets the s hape size Line 25 0 - This ti ne reads the X and Y
in cremen t (SI) to 1.1. This means that each time coord inates of each point in the shape and scales
the shape is d rawn. it will be 1. 1 times as large as t hem as requested in line 190.
the p revious plot. If 51 is set to 1, the shape will Lines 260~ 270 - These lines incrementthe
stay t he same size. If 51 is set to 0.5, the shape rotational pOSition of the object. Rotation
will shrink to half its size each time it is drawn. values greater than 360 degrees are adjusted
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 45

properl y. The clipping routine.

Line 280 - This line adjusts the size of the Line 1050 - This line clears all the flags
shape as requested in line 180. which determine when clipping is necessary.
Lines 290·300 - These lines rotate each Lines 1060· 1130 - These lines check the X
point in the shape using the BASIC functions and Y coordinates to see if they have exceeded
SIN and COS (sine and cosine). The adjusted the screen limits defined in line 2200f the shape
points are stored in the X2 and YZ arrays. rotation demonstration. If the coordinates
Line 3 10 - This line clears the screen for the exceed the limits, flag va riables are set to
next plot. If this line is removed, the images of indicate this.
the rotating square will build up into an Line 1140 - If both X coordinates are to the
interesting display. left o r right of the screen, or both Y coordinates
Line 320 - This line adjusts each point in are [Q the top o r bottom of the screen, the line
the shape to its proper screen position by will not show up on the screen at all, and the
adding the centerpoint coordinates (defined in plot is aba ndoned.
line ZlO). Line 11 50 - This line sets up work
Lines 330·3 40 - These lines are very var iables to clip one end of the line, if necessary,
important. as they send the PLO T AND and GOSUBs [Q line 1210 to perform this
ORA WTO coordin ates to the dipping routine. function.
The clipping routine requires four variables: Line 1160 - In order to clip the other end
X I, Y 1. X2 and Y2. The routine analyzes the of the line, th is line copies the second set of
coord in ates and simulates the function: coordinate flags to the firs t.
PLOT Kl ,Vl:D RaWTO K2,v2 Line 1170 - This line saves the XW and
To see what happens when the dipping YW values. which are the last set of clipped
routine is not used, replace the GOSUB 1000 endpoints. It then sends the X and Yendpoints
statements in lines 330 and 340 with PLOT X I, to the clipping calculator and clips the other end
Y 1: ORA WTO X2, YZ and RUN the program. of the line.
The program will operate correctly until the Line 1180 - If any of the clipped points
square runs off the screen. When this happens. could not be placed within the clipping area.
the program will end with an error condition. the plot is abandoned.
Line 350 - This line simply loops back to Line 11 90 - This line PLOTs and DRAWs
line 260, where the drawing process Starts again. the clipped line.

- Line 360 - This DATA statement contains

information about the shape we want to d raw .
The first number is the number of points in the
Line 1200 - This line exits the clipping
routine after the clipped line is drawn.
Line 1210 - This line is the sta rt of the
object. Since this is a square we are using, there clipping calculator, the heart of the clipping
are 4 points. The rest of the data va lues arc the X routine. If the total of the clipping off·screen
and Y coordin ate pairs for each point. To make flags is zero, no clipping is required. The XW
a hexagon, for example. try this data statement: and YW values are set up, and the clipping
DATA 6, 11,0,6,-10,-6,-10,-1 1,0,-6,10,6,10 routine is ex ited.
Figure I is an X·Y coord inate grid which is helpful Line 1220 - If the line goes past the left side
in defin ing a shape. The shape rotates around the of the screen, this line calculates the point at
intersection of the X and Y axes (0,0) which in this which the line crosses the left limit, and saves
case is the center of the square. You can set up any the X and Y coord ina£es of that point. If this
shape you like merely by changing this DATA line. point is on the screen then the calculation is
complete and the subroutine is exited.
x Line 1230 - If the line goes past the right
4 1 side of the screen. this line calculates the point
-10, 10 10, 10 at which the line crosses the right limit, and
r-- saves the X and Y coordinates of that point . If
this point is on the screen then the calculation
I is complete and the subroutine is exited.
I y Line 1240 - I f the line goes past the bottom
of the screen, this line calculates the point at
I which the line crosses the bottom limit , and
L __ -~ saves rhe X and Y coordinates of thar point. If
-10, -10 10,-10 this point is on the scree n then the calcu lati on is
3 2 complete and the subroutine is ex ited .
Lin e 1250 - If the line goes pasr the topof
Figure 1.
PAGE 46 THE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMP EN DIUM VOL. 1

the screen, th is line calcu lates the point at which Listing 2.

the line crosses the top limit, and sa ves the X
and Y coord in ates of that point. If th is point is 1890 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
1819 REM * GRAPHIC S ClIPPIM6 ROUTINE •
on th e screen then the calculation is complete 1820 REM * *
and the subrouti ne is exited. 1810 REM * 8V TOM HUD'jO M if
18'8 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Line 1260 - This li ne forces a return from 1 8 50 ll=0:l2=0:Rl =0:R2=8:Tl=8:T2=8:81=
the subroutine after all calculations are 0:82=9
1860 IF Xl { Xl TH EM ll=I:COTO 1880
complete. 1870 IF Xl)XA THEM Al =1
Final comments. 1880 IF Vl)V8 THEM Bl=I:60TO I1S0
18'8 IF Vl{VT TH EN Tl=1
The gra phics clipping routine can be used in many 1180 IF X2{XL THEM L2=1:GOTO 1128
1110 IF K2) KA THEM A2 =1
graphics applications where it is possible to exceed 1128 IF Y2)Y8 THEN 82=1:COTO 11'9
screen limits. This routine can be used with any 11 3 8 IF Y2(VT THEM T2=1
11.0 IF Ll+l2=2 OR Rl+ A2=2 OR Tl+T2 =2
graphics mode, and can allow the lise of graphics OR 81+82=2 THEM RETURM
1158 H3=Hl:Y3=Vl:K.=H2:V.=V2:60'jUB 121
"windows" anywhere on the screen.
To use the clipping routine in your own programs, •
1169 ll =l2:RI=R2:TI=T2:BI=82
1179 Xl=XW : Yl=VW:Kl =K2:Vl=V2 :K' =Ml:V .=
simply lise lines 1000~ 1260 and set up the desired VI: CO 'j UB 1219
screen limits to the XL, XR, YT, and YB variables. 1180 IF Xl(Ml OR Ml )MR OR Vl{VT OR VI )
When you want to d raw a line, instead o( the VB OR XW ( Ml OR MW)MR OR VW(VT OR VW)VB
THEN RETURN
command: 11'0 PLOT Ml.Vl:DAAWTO MW.VW
PLOT Hl ,V l:DRAWTO K2 . V2 1209 RETUAN
1218 If lltTl+BltRl=8 THEM MW=Ml : VW=V3
use the (allowing: :RET URN
(Set up Xl, YI. X2, and Y2) 1220 IF Ll THEM HN=Ml :VW=V3 +(V' - V31.(X
l-M3) / (M. - M3) :M3= MW:V3=VW : IF Y3)=V T AM
GaSUB 1000 D V3(=V B THEM RETURN
This will work (or any line, even those that are 1238 IF Al THEM MN=MR :YW= Y3 +(Y' -Y3 ).(X
R- M3 ) /( M' - M3) : M3 =XW :V3=V W:IF V3)=VT AN
completely off the screen. 0 D Y3{=VB THEN RETURN
12.0 IF 81 THEM YW=Y8:XN=M3+(K' - Kl ).(V
8 - V3) / (Y' - V3) : Ml=MW : Y3 =VW:IF X3)=KR AM
Listing I. D K3(=Ml THEN RETURN
1250 IF Tl THEN VW=VT:KN=K3t(K' - X3 ).(V
T- V3)/CV. - Y3) : K3=XW : V3=VW:IF K3)=MA AN
180 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••• D K3 (= Ml THEM RETURN
110 REM. SHAPE ROTATION DEMO • 1260 RETURN
128 REM *
130 REM * BY TOM HUDSON •
*
1.0 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••
158 OEG
•
160 GRQPHICS 6+16 CHECKSUM DATA
178 COLOR 1
188 51=1.1 (See pgs. 7-10)
1'9 'jF=8.5
288 RF=10 1880 OATA 5'8,'3',60.5'.682,235.68,81'
218 CX=88:CY='8 ,6 .822 , 52,81',18,82 2,60 8 , 6587
22. XR=15' : XL =0 : V8='S:VT=0 1150 DATA 87'.618," 3. "7.81,785,168.'
238 RESTORE 368 28.'47,'85,'60,7'1.8'"
248 READ N:OI" M(M),Y(N) . K2CN).V2(N)
258 FOR M=l TO N:REAO Wl,W2:XCM'=NJ*SF
:V(M)=W2*'jF:NEKT K
268 RM=RW+RF :I F AN>368 THEM RM=AW-3 68 :
•
10010 3276 7
278 IF RW <8 THEM RW=AW+368
288 FOR M=l TO N:X(X) =XCM).SI:V(X) =V(K
)*'jI:NEXT X
2'8 fOR X=1 TO N:X2(X> =K tX)*COStRWl+V(
K).SIN (RW)
388 V2(K)=-KCM)*'jIN(RWl+Y(M)*CO'j(RW):N
EXT X
318 GRAPHICS 6+16
328 FOR M=1 TO N:X2CM) =X2(M)+CX:Y2CM)=
V2(X)+CV:JlEXT K
338 FOR K=1 TO JI - l:Xl=X2(X):Vl=Y2CX':X
2=X2(X+l':V2=V2CX+l):GO'jU8 188. : .EMT K
3.8 Xl=X2(N):Vl ~ V 2 (N' :K2=K2(l':V2=V2(j
J : '05U8 188.
358 GOTO 268
368 DATA 4 , 18.18.18, - 18, -1 8,-18 ,-18 . 18

• CHECKSU M DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
188 DATA 274.3",860 . 852,286.35.223,"
2,578,583.2",36,472.282.715.6391
258 DATA 317.285.346.81'.167 . '88,212,'
",135,523,722.'51.5'55
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A. L.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 47

3-D CiRAPHS
MADE FAST &EASY
16K Cassette or D isk

by Tom Hudson

Thanks to ATARI's G ra ph-It (TM) graphics In a 3~di men s i o nal graph , things are a little mo re
package, ATARI computer owners can generate bar complicated. As the name implies, we are t rying to
charts, pie graphs, and two- and three-dimension al generate a 3~dimens i o nal fo rm , deri ved from an
plots. Unfortuna tely, when mo rc complex three- equation. To do this, we need thrce coord inates. Wc
di mensional plots are desired. G raph -It can tak e will label these coordinates X (width), Y (depth) and
mo re than an ho ur to com plete iust one plot! Z (hdghr).
In o rder to assist those G ra p h -It users who
would like to see a quick rendition of their 3-D p lot
before com mitting themselves to a marathon wait
with G ra ph-It, I have written a 3-D grap h program
which is easy to usc and prod uces gra phs very z
quickly. y
By now, many readers are p robably ask ing, " What
in the world is a 3- D graph !" which is not a bad
qu estion at this poi nt , and o ne I will cry to answer.
We arc all familiar with 2~dimens i onal (flat)
graphs. They are usually ca lled "l ine " o r "bar"
x
graphs. Figure I is a line graph of the eq uati o n F igure 2 .
Y= 2*X. When X is four, Y is twO tim es four, o r
eight, and so on. W e start with a grid marked \vith X and Y
F igure I. coordinates, then we lay this grid flat as in Figure 2
(a good way to visualize this is to lay a piece o f graph
paper on a table in fro nt of you) . Next we use an
eq uatio n to determine the Z coordin ate. Th e Z value
tells how high off the table each point o n the grid is.
v The Z coordinate is alwa ys deri ved from the X and Y
val ues. In this way, we can see how changes in the X
and Y values affect the Z val ue. For exam p le, in the
,• equation Z=(X+Y)*3, when we are at the
coordinaccs X= i and Y= 3, Z would eq ual 12 (4
,• times 3). O n ou r graph , this would be represented as
a small peak (Figure 3), tell ing us that where X= 1
•3 and Y=3, the Z value is 12. O f course, to be useful
, this process must be repeated (o r each point o n the
grid so t hat we can see t he overall results. Three-
dimensional graphs arc useful (or visualizing how an
equation will ac t wi th varyi ng X and Y values.
 PAGE 46 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL . ,

you r own, starting with Z=. The p rogram will

do the rest.
Li n es 2 70~300 - After all the Z va lues have
been calculated , this section changes them to
plot coordinates so that they can be placed on
z the screen.
Line 34 0 - This line turns OMA o n again,
y
so that we can see the graph.
3 Line 380 - This line draws the "zero
reference" outline. Th is is simply the o udine of
the grid before the Z coordinates were
x calculated. It lets yo u know where zero is,
relative to the rest o f the points on the grid .
F igure 3 Lines 420~430 - This sectio n actually
draws the grid o n the screen using the data in the
Lis ting I is a sim p le but effective 3~d imen sio nal GX and GY arrays, which were built in lines
graph generation program. It is NOT meant as a 270~300. It uses the graph ics clipping routine in
rep lacement for the G raph~lt 3~ D plot p rogram, lines 600~ 720 just in case the lines run off the
but an enhancement. to p or bottom of the screen .
Type Lis ting 1 into your computer and check it Lines 4 70~ 5 00 - These lines draw the
fo r accuracy. When the p rogram is correctly entered, vertical lines from the basel ine to the corners of
you will be ready to s tart graphing in three the gra p h.
dimensions! Lin e 5 4 0 - Th is line loops the program
Let's say you want a 3~D plot of a complex forever. Hit the b reak key to s top the program.
equatio n . You d on't know what it will look like, but L i n e 600~ 720 - This is a mo dified graphics
you'd li ke to get some idea befo re you wa it an hour cl ipping routine . (See A Graphics Clipping
for Graph ~ lt to process it. With this p rogram , you Routine, page 44 ). It is modified to only clip
can "preview" a 3~ D graph , and if you want a lines t hat extend beyond the top and bon o m
detailed copy, the same equation can be p rocessed by of the screen , not the sides.
Graph ~ lt . An equation requiring 70 minutes on You can try any equatio n you like in line 220,
G raph ~lt can be p rocessed by this program in fi ve . just set Z to the result. Included below are a few
O f course. the Graph ~ lt version is much sm oother interesting eq uatio ns for you to try, along with
and will do s uch th ings as automatic sca ling, but if the time required to generate the graphs. Simply
you need the output quickly, th is program can do it. replace line 220 with one of t hese equations. 0
Let's find o ut what the equation Z=(X~ Y)z looks
like. Line 220 is where all eq uations must be 221 Z=SJ.'CK+Y- .'/.*3I'+JI
executed, so change line 220 to read : CRequ i res ~ppro x . JI seconds) v
22 B z= He - V) A2
When the line is changed. R UN the program. The 221 Z=SQR' •• SCK- ll . S,A2+ •• SCY-S.S,A2,A
1.7
screen will go black for several seconds while the 'Requ i res .ppr ox . 2.2S Minutes)
co mputer calculates the p lo t coordinates of the
graph. When these calculations are finished. the 228 Z='1/SGRCSGR'.'SCK-ll . S,A2 •• 'SCY - S
screen will come back o n , and the graph will be .S)A2,·.,A2'.I'I- SI
,Requ i res ~ppro x . 2 . 75 Minutes'
drawn. It's that si m ple.
How i t work s.
221 Z=78-S0RC.'SCK-ll . S,A2 •• 'SCY- S.S,A v
Line 80 - Set up the arrays needed to store 2J A t . 7
the p lot poi nts. CRequ i res .pprox . 2.3 Mi nu tes'
Line 120 - Turn off the system 's Direct
Memory Access (DM A). This speeds up 221 Z:CSIICK/18' +COSCY/5"*31
CRequ i r es ~ ppr o x • • 1 seconds)
calculations conSiderably. The on ly unpleasant
side effect is that the screen goes b lack until 228 Z= CSI.'K/ll)*SIICY/S" . 31
OMA is turned on again . Crequ i re s ~ppr ox . •1 seconds'
Line 160 - Set the screen lim its for the
graphics clipping routine (see li nes 6OO~720).
Lines 210~230 - This isa FOR~NEXTloop 18 RE" •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
fo r calculating the Z value for each point on the
28 REM
38
•8
RE" **
RE" if:
3-D CRAPH PROCRAM
BY TO" HUD SON
•**
grid. Line 220 is where your equation should be 58 RE " ••••••••••••• • •••••••••••••••••
placed. Just replace the ex isting equation with 68 RE"
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 49

78 GR~P"ICS 24:SETCOlOR 2,O,O:COlOR 1 168 DATA 657,'5,338,245,76,34,"0,837,

88 DIM GXe21,11',GY(21,11' 88,515,'4 ,52. 420 ,8 41,528,5882
'8 REM 318 DATA 81,562,87,3,'3.546,",883.185
188 REM *** DNa OFF *** ,838,83,323,366,'2,34',4582
119 REM 468 DQTQ '8,714,383,480,855,85,726,'1,
128 POKE 55',8 723 , '7,168 , 4'4,374,18',536.6873
UO REM 618 DAT6 188,353,1'8,823.482.86',545,4
140 REM ***SET CLIPPING LIMITS *** 8,2'8,732 , 571,5",5788
158 REM
169
178
XR=31':XL=9:YT=O:V8=1'1
REM
•
180 REM ***YOUR FORMULA GOES ***
1'0
280
REM
REM
***INSIDE THIS LOOP ***
210 fOA X=1 TO 21:fOR Y=l TO 11
228 Z= UC+Y'*3
238 GYCK,Y)=Z:NEXT Y:NEKT K
240 REM
258
268
REM
REM
***CALC. SCREEN CODRDS. ***
270 fOR X=l TO 21:fOR Y=l TO 11
280 GMCM,Y)=CK-l)*18+(Y-l'*18
2'0 GYCK,Y'=188-eY-l)*18-GY(K,Y'
199 NEXT Y:NEMT X
118 REM
128 REM ***D~ ON AGAIN ***
110 REM
148 POKE 55',14
158 REM
368 REM -** DRAW BASELINE
370 REM
***
388 PLOT 9,180:0AAWTO 288,189:DRAMTO 1
88,88 : 0RAWTO 188,88:DRAWTO 0,188
no REM
489 REM *** PLOT THE GRAPH ***
418 REM
428 FOR X=l TO 21:FOR Y=2 TO 11:Ml=GM(
X,Y - l):Vl=CYCX,V-l':M2=GXCM,V):V2=GV(M
,Y,:GOSUB 698:NEMT V:NEMT M
439 FDA Y=1 TO 11:fOR X=2 TO 21:Xl =cxe
M-J,Y':YJ=,veX-l,Y':K2=GXeX,V):V2=CY(X
,V):GOSUB 698:NEXT X:NEXT Y
UO REM
450 REM
460 REM
*** DRAW UERTICAl LINES ***
478 Ml=O:Yl =188:M2=GMeJ,l':V2=CV(I,l):
COSUB 680 Sphere Demo
488 Xl=209:Yl=J80 : M2=GXC21,1):Y2 =Gve21
,1) : COSU8 680
4'8 Xl=380:Vl=80:M2='XC21,11):Y2=GV(21 8 SIZf='8:RE" ***R~DIUS***
, 11) :G OSU8 680 , eX=168:CV='6:RE" **CENTER**
598 Ml=189:Vl=89:X2=GMC1.11) :yz=GVeJ,l
1):GOSUB 680
518 REM
is1,8,8:eOLOR
8iip~I~~~l"ETcoLoA
1
l,.,.,'ETCOLOA
528 REM *** LOOP fOREVER
519 REM
*** 25 PLOT CM+SIZE,CY:RE" ***STQRT***
38 FOR V='I TO 8 STEP -12
548 GOTO 548 41 FOR K=8 TO 368 STEP 12
550 REM 58 If TI~=l THEN H2=CH+SIZf*COSCM):VZ
.....
569 REM "~'~'~'~'~'~'H'H'H'H'H'.' *.*.*.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.H.'*.
578 REM * GRAPHICS CLIP ROUTINE *
=CV-(SIZE*SIN(Hl*SIN(V»:GOTO 68
55 K2=CM-tSIZE*SINeKJ*SINtY) :V2=CY+SI
588 REM •• K••• K.KK •• K••••••• KK ••• K. ZE*COStH)
5'8 REM . 68 DRAWTO X2 V2:NEXT X:NEHT Y
688 Tl =8:T2=O : 81=8:82=8:If V1(VT THEN , . TIME=TlME+l:If TIME=2 THEN PLOT CH,
Tl=I:GOTO 628 eV+SIZE:IiOTO 38
610 IF Vl>VB THEN 81=1 118 SIZE=Z8+RNDtl)*11:CX=SIZE+l+(RNDe!
628 IF Y2(YT THEN T2=1:'OTO 648 ).(318-(SIZE*2)]]:eY=SIZE+l+(RND(I'*Cl
618 If YZ)V8 THEN 8Z =1 'l-tSIZE*2'):GOSUB 1808:TlME=I:GOTO 2
648 If Tl+T2=2 OR 81+82=2 THEN RETURN 5
658 Kl=Xl:Y3=Vl:X4=X2:V4=V2:GOSU8 6'8
668 Tl =T2 :81=82:Xl=MW:Yl=VW:X3=M2:v1=Y
' I I REM ***ER~SE HIDDEN LINES
18 •• COLOR 8 : FOR X=8 TO " STEP 8.5
***
2:X4=Xl :Y 4=Vl:COSU8 6'0 1110 X2=SIZE*COSeX):V2=SIZE*SINtX)
678 If VHVT OR VJ)VB OR YW(VT OR VW>V 1128 PLOT CX+X2,CV+V2:DR6NTO eX- X2,CV+
8 THEN RETURN Y2:PLOT CX+X2,CV-Y2:DRAWTO CX-X2,eY-Y2
688 PLOT Kl ,Vl: 0RAWTO XW , YW:RETURN :NEMT H:COLOR l:RETURN
6'8 If Tl+B1=8 THEN XW=K3:YW=V3:RETURN
788 If T1 THEN YW=VT:MW=~3+(X4 - ~l'*CVT
-Y3J/(V4-Y3):X3=XN:Y3=VN:RETURN
718 If 81 THEN VW=V8:XMi-X1+(X4-X3)*CV8

.
-Y3)/ (V4 -Y3 ):X3 =XW:Y3=YW:RETURN CHECKSUM DATA
718 RETURN
- CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)

(See pgs. 7-10)

~ 18 D6TA 587,2'3,21,12,5'5,261,273,'36,
267,64', 77,777.83,421,8',5141
 PAGE 50 THE A.NAL.O .G. COMP ENDIUM VOL . ,

CiRAPHIC VIOLENCE
16K Casse tte o r Disk
by Tom Hudson

When writing game programs, man y in the COORD I DATA , " INIT ERR " is an erro r in
p rogramme rs automatically c hoose assembl y the INITIALIZATION CO DE, etc. Find th e error, v
language over BASI C because of the obvious speed fix it and re ~ RUN the program.
advantage. T his can sometimes be a m istake, since Once the co mputer starts cycling colors, press
BASIC offers so me funct io ns (such as sine, square SYSTEM RESET before doing anything else.
root , etc.) not easil y written in assembler. One way Whenever operating any program using the Graphi c v
to take advantage of the convenience of BASIC and Violence subroutine, you MUST use the SYSTEM
the speed of assembler is to combine the twO RESET key to terminate the program. The sub~ v
languages. ATARI BASI C allows the user to "call" routine automatically disables the BREAK key si nce
machine~language subrout ines, which can be man y typi ng commands in immediate mode while the
times faster than the sa me routine in BAS IC. subrou tine is in operation will usua ll y ca use a system v
In o rder to assist those game programmers who crash . Pressi ng SYSTEM RESET will correctly
would like to ha ve d ramatic explosion effects in their terminate the subro utine and avoid any problems.
BASI C p rograms, I have developed G raphic At this point, you should have a correctl y
Violen ce , a group of assembl y~language subroutines. opera ting G raphi c Viole n ce in itializa tion s u b~
These ro utines allow BASIC to generate up to 20 ro utine SAVEd on ta pe or di sk.
simultaneous explosio ns in G RAPHICS 7. The y can P rogram 1 Flo w . v
optionally generate sound effects as well as "cycle" Line 80 - GOSU Bs to line I()('X)() (0
the colo rs of the explosions fo r an interesting initialize the subro utine.
" radioactive glow" effect. Line 10010 - Dimensions the strings
The fi rst half of this article is a n o n ~ tec hn ica l needed by Graphic Violence and RESTO REs
explanatio n of how ro use G ra phic V iole n ce. The the DATA poimer.
second half is an in~depth discussion of the actual Lin e 1 002 0~ I 0060- READs DATAsmte~
assembly language code for those interested in the ments into the strings used by the subroutine .
inner workings of the subroutines. u
Line 10080 - POKEs graphics PLOT
Using G ra phic Vio le n ce. values into Graphic Violence.
Lis ti ng I is th e BASIC language code necessary to Line 101000 - Ca lls the mac hin e~
set up the G ra ph ic Viole nce subro utine. This code language initializa tion routine. It is of the form:
should be placed in any program that is to use the A=U5A(ADA(I.IT$). ADR(MQI.S) .ADA(COORD!
explosion generator. After typi ng this program in, $).ADR(COOAD2$) . COlOA . SOU MD)
SAVE it immediately, BEFORE RUNNING IT! The
routine has some safeguards against typing errors in The COLOR value tells whether or not you want
the DATA statements, but if it is executed with bad the color of the explosions to cycle. In the program
listing, this value is set to I , indicating that cycling is v
DATA, the system may crash and irwill be necessar y
to re-type the program. desired. If you do not want cycl ing, place a 0 here.
After the program is typed and SA VEd, RUN it. If The SOUND value tells whether or nor you want
it is typed correctly, the program will run for severa l the ro utine to generate sou nds with the explosio ns.
In the listing it is a I, indicating that we want sound.
seconds before anything happens. The screen colors
will begi n cycling quickly. If not, an error was made If sound is not desired, place a 0 here.
somewhere, and you should r e~boot your system, Line 10 11 0 - This line simply returns from
load the SA VEd program , find the mistake, SA VE it the subroutine to the main program
and try again. A sh ort d em o n stration .
If a message such as "COO RDI ERR" occurs, you With Listing I in your computer, add Lis tin g 2
have made a mistake typing in the DATA stateme nts. to the origi nal program and RUN it. This is a short
"COORDI ERR" indicates that an error was made demonstration ro ut ine which simpl y places an
VOL. 1 TH E A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN D IUM PAGE 51

explosion at the center of the screen, then repeats. the program to continue at line 320 (the "THE
By looking at this short routine, you will not ice END" routine). This TRAP statement will take
the USR call in line 220. This is the comma nd which effect when a bomb falls off the bottom of the
starts an explosion. Once the Graphic Violence screen.
machine-code subrouti ne is set up, this short Line 2 50 - Gets the X and Y coordinates
operation is all you need to generate explosions. where the bomb will sta rt its d rop.
Remember to stop the program by pressing Line 270 - Erases old bomb position (using
SYSTEM RESET. COLOR 0) and increments Y position so that
P rogra m 2 Flo w . bomb will "fall" towa rd bottom of screen.
Line 290 - Uses the LOCATE command
Line 190 - Set up a full-screen graphics
to see if the bomb has hit anything. If the bomb
mode 7.
hits color 1, an explosion is started at the X and
Line 220 - Call the explosion-starting
Y coordinates and a new bomb is randomized.
machine language routi ne. This line actually
Li n e 3 10 - If no hit is detected, the bomb is
starts the explosion. It is of the form:
plotted in color 2, the program waits a fraction
A ~ U5R(ADR(EHPL$).H,V) of a second, then continues at line 270.
X and Yare the screen coordinates of the center of Line 330 - When a bomb falls off the
the explosion. In the Li sting, X= 80 and Y= 48, bottom of the screen, the error is TRAPped
placing the explosion at the center of the screen. here. At this time, the computer sets up a new
This statement is the heart of the Graphic graphics 7 screen, sets the explosion brightness,
Violence routine. Once this statement is executed, it and selects COLOR J.
starts off an explosion while BASIC continues with Line 350 - This line RESTOREs the
whatever it is doing. In addition, the explosion DATA pointer to line 400 (THE END shape
handler can operate up to 20 explosions simultan- data), reads fro m-and-to plot data and draws
eously, while BASIC does irs own processi ng! the T H E END message on the screen.
Line 240 - This line is a simple delay loop Lin e 370 - This line sets off 200
which allows an explosion to dissipate before explosions. which destroy the THE END
generating another. message. Note that the explosion USR ca ll has
Line 26 0 - This line goes to start a new random number functions for X and Y
explosion after the wait. coordinates of the explosion center. There is
In the previous example, we generated one also a 40 count delay after each explosion is
explosion at the center of the screen, juSt to keep started fo r a more interesting display.
th ings simple. In the next exa m ple, we will see how Line 390 - After all explosions are
the Graphic V iolence routine will handle up to 20 generated, wait a few seconds and GOTO line
simultaneous explos ions without the programmer 190 to re-run the demonstration continuously.
having to worry about what's going on inside the Line 41 0 ~4 30 - These lines contain PLOT
explosion handler! All the programmer needs to do da ta for the words "THE END." Each line in
is send the explosion coordi nates to the routine via the letters is represented by 4 values, made up of
the US R command and let the com puter do the rest. 2 sets of X and Y coordinates, the line
(What could be simpled) endpoi nts.
With Listing 1 in your computer, add Listin g 3 Summa r y.
to the original program and R UN it. T he program The Graphic Vio le n ce explosion generator
will fill up most of the sc reen with graphics, then subroutine will operate in almost any game using
start dropping "bombs" from the top of the screen. graphics 7. Explosions ove rl appi ng the edges of the
As they hit the graphics area, they will explode screen are automatically "clipped," but the program
violently, "eat ing" away the graphics. As soon as one has minimal error-trapping. T he user should take
of the bombs falls off the bottom of the screen, an care to make sure that the coordinates supplied to
end message will be displayed and subseq uently the routine do not exceed the graphics 7 screen
destroyed by a number of explosions. The progra m limits. The routine uses sound channel 1 when the
will run con tinuously and MUST be stopped by sou nd generation option is requested. T he
pressing SYSTEM RESET. Explosions use COLOR 3 (SETCOLOR 2), and will
Program 3 Flo w . cycle the color only (not brigh tness) if color cycling
Line 190 - Sets up graphics mode 7 and sets is requested. Any program usi ng the G raphic
COLOR 112 (the explosion color) to maximum Vio le nce routine must be terminated with Sy S-
brightness. TEM RES ET to avoid a system crash.
Line 210 - Fil ls up the bottom section of The follow ing sectio n contains a discussio n of the
the screen with COLOR 1 graph ics. assembly-language routines that make up G ra phic
Line 230 - Makes sure any error will cause Vi o lence . This information is not necessary to use
PAGE 52 THE A. N .A.L.O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1

the subroutine, but may assist those interested in Subroutine) returns control [0 your BASIC
assembly language and the inner workings of the program after the initialization is complete.
ATARI computers. The second assembly language program ( Listin g
5) is the explosion start routine. It is called by the
Back gro und info rma tion . BASIC statement:
A=USRCADRCEKPl $ ).K . Yl
The Graphic Violence subroutine is made up of
three program segments and twO data tables. These This routine simply accepts the coordinates of the
five modules work tOgether to provide a machine- explosion from BASIC. If there are 20 explosions
language explosIOn generator for BASIC. active, it will ignore the request, otherwise it will
The first assembly program (Listing 4 ) is the send the coordinates to the main module, which is
Graphic Violence initialization subroutine. It is executing in the deferred vertical blank.
stored in the BASIC string variable INIT$. Its P rogra m 5 Flo w .
function is to accept the locations of the main Lin e 200 - Once again, this Listing has its
program module. and accept the color cycling and location counter set to $6000. It makes no
sound generation options. difference, since this routine is fu ll y relocatable.
Remember that this is the routine called in the Line 2 10 - As in the previous Listings,
BASIC statement: this line discards the first item on the stack (the
~ = USR(ADR(I.IT$).ADR(~I.$).~DR(COORDI
number of arguments passed to the assembly
$) . ~DR(COORD 2 $). C OlOR. S OU"D) routine).
Lin e 220-240 - These lines check the
variable EXPCNT to make sure the new
Program 4 f low. explosion can be started. If there arc less than
Li n e 230 - This line arbitrarily sets the 20, control is passed to EXPOK (explosion
location counter to $6000. Since this routine OK).
will be fully relocatablc and stored in a BASIC Lin e 250~290 - These lines are used if
string, this address does not matter. there arc already 20 explosions. The remaining
Line 240 - This PLA instruction pulls the 4 bytes are pulled from the stack and discarded.
first argument off of the stack. In a BASIC USR and the program returns to BASIC. No
call, this argument is always the number of explosion is generated.
arguments passed to the machine language Line 300~ 350 - In a manner similar to the
routine. We do not use it in this case, and it is COLOR and SOUND parameters in Listin g
discarded. # 4 , this routine pulls the X and Y coordinates
Lin e 250#270 - This section zeroes out the off of the stack and places the values in NEWX
explosion ready flag and the explosion counter. and NEWY for use by th,e main module.
Line 280#330 - Th is section pulls the low Line 360 -370 - Th is section places a I in
and high bytes of the address of the main READY flag, which tells the main interrupt
routine (ADR MA IN$), transfers them to the X routine that a new explosion is ready to start. v
and Y registers. then PUtS a 7 in the accumulator Line 380 - This RTS instr uction simply
and jumps to the SETVBV subroutine. This returns control to BAS IC. In this way, the
tells the syStem that we are using a vertical blank interrupt can start the explosion graphics while
interrupt. The 7 indicates that it is a "deferred" BASIC keeps running normally.
vertical blank routine, that is, it operates aftet The third assembly language routine (Listing
the system's vertical blank operation. 6) is the vertical blank interrupt routine, stored in
Lin e 3 4 0-4 10 - This section pulls the low MAIN$. It docs all the color cycling, sound, and
and high bytes of the two sets of plot graphics for the explosions. Since it is an interrupt·
coordinates (COORDI$ and COORD2$, 4 driven p rogram, it operates independently of
PLA s total) and stores them on page zero ($CB· BASIC, allOWing BASIC to continue processing
iCE) for later use by the main module. normally while the vertical blank docs all the
Line 4 20·4 40 - This section pulls the color explOSion work.
cycle indicator (COLOR) from the stack. Since Since this program is stored in a BASIC string. any
this is a one#byte indicator and the system sends program editing or immediate mode ope rations in
a two·byte argument, the first byte (high byte) is BAS IC while the vertical blank routine is running
discarded and the second is stored in CYCFLG. will cause a system crash. This is due to the (act that
Lin e 450#4 70 - Th is section is the same as BAS IC moves its variables around in memory during v
lines 420-440, except that it stores the sound editing of programs, and such movement of the
indicate, (SOUND) in SNDFLG. interrupt routine will confuse the system. To help
Lin e 4 80 - This RTS (Return from avoid such a problem, the G raphic V iole nce
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COM PENDIUM PAGE 53

interru pt rou tine disables the brea k key, making it Line 960- 1000 - Increments the explosion
necessary to press SYSTEM RESET to stop program counter. If the counter is greater than the
execution. Th is is o nl y a partial solution, however, c urre nt number of exp losio ns active
since if the programmer all ows his program ro cnd (EX PCNT), the routi ne jumps to XITVBV, the
with the READ Y prompt, then enters a program ve rtical blank exit vector. Otherwise con trol is
line, the crash will still occur. passed to INDEX.
The interrupt routine perfo rms several func tions. Line 1130-1350 - This section repacks the
First, it d isables the BREAK key and cycles the colo r XPOS, YPOS and CNT tables to eliminate a
of playfield 2 if necessary. Next, it processes "dead " explosio n. It then branches back to
sou nd , if requi red, using sound channel I . The last RUNlP to handle the next explosio n.
major function it performs is that of explosion Line 1360-Z350 - This routine turns
graphics generatio n. explos ion pixels on or off, depending on the
Each explosion graphic is made up of 89 separate PlOTCLR setting. If the pixel is off the screen ,
pixe ls. The rou tine uses the specified centerpoint of the plot is abandoned by a bra nc h to RUNlP.
each explosion and adds X and Y offset values, which By ex pand ing the XPOS, YPOS and CNT tables
arc stored in the BASIC string va ria bles COO RD I $ and altering the explosion call rou tine (Listing 5),
and COO RD2$. Each of the 89 pixels are first ad vanced users ca n enab le che G raphic Violence
turned o n, o ne pixel at a time, resuhing in a routine to handle many more explosions than it ca n
"growing" appeara nce. After all 89 pixels are o n, the now. However, 20 explosions are more than enough

- routine tu rns off one pixel at a time, causing the

explosion to dissipate. Each active explosion has a
pixel either turned on o r off each time the interr upt
for most applications, and the routine should se rve
well as is.
1 hope that ATAR I program mers will sec by this
is perfo rmed. Since this happens 60 times a second, example that it is not always necessary to write game
each explos ion cakes roughly 3 seconds ro expand programs co mpletely in assembl y language. Just use
and dissipate [( 89*2) / 60 ]. Explosions a re BASIC for complicated funct io ns d ifficult to write
independent of each other because of three tables. in assembler, and use assembler fo r things BASIC is
The X and Y coordinates of each cxplosion are too slow to do . 0
stored in the XPOS and YPOS tables. The third
cable, CNT, ho lds the number of the PiXel whi ch will
be turned o n or off next for each explosion. This Listing I (BASIC)
value ranges fro m 0 ro 88 for "on" pixels. and 89 to 18 REH ••••••••••••••••••••••••••
177 for "off" pixels. If thc CNT val ue fo r an 28
38
REH
REH
**
GRAPHIC VIOLENCE DEMO
A.N . A.L . O.G . CO",UTIMG ***
explosion exceeds 177, the explosion has dissipated 5. RE"
48 *
BY TOH HUD SOM
RE" ••••••••••••••••••••••••••
co mpletely and its values are removed from the 68 RE"
explosion tables by a "repack" operation. That is, if 78 RE" ***IMITIALIZE THE GRAPHIC UIOl
ENCE SUBROUTINE ***
explosion number 2 is fin ished, explosion 3 will 88 GOSU8 18818
move back to 2, 4 to 3, etc. '8 RE"
188 REH •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Program 6 Flow. 118 REM **YOUR PROGRAM GOES HERE! **
129 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Line 500 - Clears decima l mode. This 139 GOTO 139
instructio n is vital when writing subroutines for 18e8e REM ***
IMITIALIZATIO. SUBROUTI.
BASIC that do any binary arithmetic. E "**
1881. DI" I.IT$(411.EHPL$(2').~I.$(35
Line 5 l0-5 40 - Disables the BREAK key 5).COOROl$(S'),COOR02$(S'):RESTORE 11.
by altering POKM SK and IRQEN, the interrupt
ee
11.28 TOT=8:fOR H= 1 TO 8' : READ A:T OT = T
request enable. This prevents the BREA K key OT+A : COOADl$(H,H) =C HR$(Al : NEHT H:If TO
TO "S" THE. ? "COORDJ ERR":ENO
fro m generating an interrupt. 1 •• 38 TOT=8:fOR H=J TO S' : REAO A:TOT=T
Lin e 550-640 - Cycles colors ifCYC FLG OT+A :C OOADZ$(H . H' =CHR$CA):NEHT H:lf TO
TO" S .. THEN ? "COORDZ ERA" : ENO
is nOt zero. 18 .... TOT=I : fOR H=J TO "J:READ A:TOT =T
Line 650-770 - Processes explosion so und OT+A:INIT$(H , H' =CHR$(A):NEHT K: lf TOT(
>"Z37 THEN? "INIT ERR":END
if SNDFLG is not ze ro. J8858 TOT=8:fOR H= 1 TO 2':REAO A:TOT =T
Line 780--940 - Monirors the READY fl ag OT+A:fHPL$CX,Xl=CHR$CA):NEKT X: lf TOT(
>21'8 THEN? "EXPL fRR":ENI>
to see if there is a new explosio n. If not, the 1886. TOT=8:fOR H=l TO 355:READ A:TOT =
program checks for any old explosions at TOTU: KAIN$ (H.H) =CHR$ (A) : NEXT H: I f TOT
<>3 66'1 THEN ? " HAIM ERR":END
MAIN. If there is a new explosion, the rou tine 18878 REM *** SET UP PLOT BITS ***
sets up the XPOS, YPOS and CNT tables with 18888 POKE 1568,1'2:POKE 156' , 48 : POKE
1578.J2:POKE 1571,3
the new information. 1"'8 RE" *** INITIALIZE GRAPHIC VIOLE
Lin e 950 - Zeroes out COUNTR , the NCE ROUTINE AND RETURN ***
18108 Q = USR(QOR(I.IT$) . AOR(~I.$),AOR(
variable indicating whi ch explosion is being COORD1$).ADR(COORD2$] .1.J )
processed. 18111 RETURN
PAGE 54 THE A. N.A.L.O.G . COMP ENDIUM VOL . 1

11080 RE" *** COORD! DATA ***

11818 DATA 8,1 ,255, 0 ,255,0,25 5,2.1,1,9
C HEC K SUM DATA
,254,255,1,8,1,254,254,2,0,1,255,2,2,2 (See pgs. 7-10)
,255.254.1,253,3,3,4.252,253,254
11828 DATA 2 5 5 ,2 54,2,3 ,3,2 51 , 8 , 9 , 8, • • • 10 DA1A 288,324 ,2 25 , 87 2,2 88,261,725,83
,252.255,2,9,3,2,1,253.254,254.752.253 7,267,778,'48,784,101 , 838,321,8441
,3,253,252,251,251,252,',3,4,255 18828 DATA 887,814, 2 '8,327,416,442,758
11938 DATA 5 , 5,5.253 , 1,254 , 8,255,252,2 ,786,200,43,332,'81,'20,385,338,7614
53,25J,253,25 2,3, 4 .3, I,255,1.2 , ' 12018 DATA '66 ,265,36,858,23'L'07,884,
12008 REM *** COORDl DATA ***
12018 DATA 0 , 255,1,2,254,255,0,1,254,8
831,543,3'2,825 , 317,13,7,211,/360
15840 DATA 450,"6 ,7 41,441,863,381,'58
, 1.0, 2 55,1,253 ,2 53 , 2,255,255,254.2,3,2 ,23,,326,614,853,887,8",16',378,'18'
•• ,2 54.2,1,3 , 25',1,25 •• 255.8,1.253 151'8 DATA 615 ,'6 8,40',26',122,2375
12828 DATA 253,254 , 3 , 2,8,3,252.',3,8,2
,2, ' . 4.5 ,3,253,252,0,3. 4.254 ,2 52 ,2 52 .2
,1,1, 8,255,2 5 ',255,1 ,25 1
•
Li sting 2.
12838 DATA 8,255,1,4.4,252,251,252,253
,253,255,255 , 3,253,253,4,251,5,5,252,3
13000 REK *** INITIALI ZATION CODE
13818 DATA 184,16' , 0,141 , 8,6,141,1,6,1
*** 130 REM •••••••• M••••••••••••••••••
04,170,184,168 , 16',7 140 REM * CRAPHIC UIOLENCE OEMO *
13828 DATA 32,'2,228,104,133,284,104,1 150
169
REM * lUMBER 1
REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
*
33,283 , 184,133 , 206,104,133 , 205
13038 DATA 104,104 , 141,11,6,184,184,14 170 REK
1,12,6,'6 180 REK *** SET UP GRAPHIC "ODE 7 ***
14000 REK *** EMPLOSION CALL CODE ***
148 1 0 DATA 184 , 173,1,6,281 , 20 , 48,5 , 104
1'0
200
GRAPHICS 7+16
REM *** SET OFF AM EXPLOSION ***
,184,104,104,'6,184,184 210
220
REM *** AT SC REEN CEITER
A=USRCAORCEMPl$),89,48)
***
148 2 0 DATA 141,2,6 , 184,184 , 141,3,6,16'
, 1,141,8 ,6,'6 238 REM *** WAIT A FEN SECONDS ***
14"8 RE" *** MAIN INTERRUPT CODE
15808 DA14 216,165,16,41,127,133,16,14
*** 248
758
fOR NAIT =l TO 2008:NEXT ~IT
REM *** 00 EXPLOSION ACAIN ***
1,14,218,173,11,6,248,28 268 GO TO 728
15818 DATA 173,14,6,24,185,16 , 141,14,6
,173,1'8,2,41,15 , 13
15029 DATA 14,6 , 141,1'8,2 , 173,12,6,248 •
,22,173 , 13 , 6 ,2 48,17
15838 DATA 56,233,1,141,13,6,74,74,74, Lis ting 3.
141 , 1 ,2 18,16 ' , 40,141
15848 DATA 8,218 , 173 ,0, 6 ,2 48,31,238,1,
6 , 174,1,6 ,173 ,2 130 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
15958 DATA 6 , 157 , 64,6 , 173,3 , 6 , 157 , 85 , 6 140 REK * CRAPHIC VIOLENCE DEMO *
,16',127,141 , 13 , 6 159 REH * NUMBER 2
168 REM •••••••••••••••••••••• x ••••
•
15868 DATA 16',8,157,186 , 6 , 141 , 0,6 , 141
,5,6 ,23 8 , 5 , 6 , 173 178 REH
15879 DATA 1 , 6,285 , 5 , 6,16 ,3,7 6,'8,228, 188 REM ***
SET UP CRAPHICS 7 fULL SCR
EEN AND EMPLOSION COLOR ***
174 5,6 16' 8
150bo DATA 141,4,6,18,,186 , 6 , 281,8,,48 1'8 GRAPHICS 7+16:SETCOLOR 2 , 15,15
,51,238,4 , 6 ,56 ,233
150" DATA 8 ',201,8' , 48 , 41.1 3 8,168 , 232
288 REM ***
DRAW THE 'GROUND'
718 COLOR l:fOR Y=28 TO 'S:PLOl 8 , Y:DR
***
,2 36 ,1, 6,240,2,16 , 21 ANTO 15',Y:NEXT Y
15108 DATA 18 ',64 , 6,153,64,6,18',85,6, 228 REM ***
TRAP ANY ERRORS TO 'THE EN
153 85 6 18' 186 6 0' ROUTINE ***
151 10 6AtA 1~3,166,6,208,208,227,206,1 238 TRAP 328
,6 ,2 06,5,6,16',8,240 248 AEK ***
RANDOMIZE START paIN' FOR
DROPPING 60H8S *** v
15129 DATA 176 ,2 54 , 186,6 , 168,18' , 64,6,
24,113,283,141,6,6,281 25e X=5+RNOC01*14':Y=RNOC01*3
151 38 DATA 168 , 1 76, 15' , 18',85,6 ,2 4,113 268 REM
p, ***
***
ADVANCE THE BOMB AS IT ORO
,285,141,7,6,281,'6,116
15148 DATA 146 , 10 , 133,287,16',0,240,2 , 278 COLOR 8 : PLOT X,Y:Y=Y+3
2 48 ,137 ,133 ,2 08 , 165 ,287, 18 288 REM *** IF THE BOKS HITS COLOR 1,
15158 DATA 131 ,2 87 , 165,2 88,4 2 ,11 3,2 88 , SET OfF EXPLOSION ***
165 r 287,JO,133,287,141"L 6 2'8 LOCATE X,Y,Z : IF l=1 1HEM A=USR(AOR
151b8 DATA 165,208,42,13~,288,141,8,6, CEXPL$),X,Y) :G OTO 25'
165,207, 10,1 33,2 07,165 ,2 88
15179 DATA 42 , 133 , 298,165,297 , 18,113 , 2
300 REM ***
NO HIT, CONTINUE DROP
31e COLOR 2:PLOT X, Y:fOR DELAY=J TO 18
***
97,16 5 ,288,42,113 ,2 88 , 165.287 : IEKT OELAY:COTO 270
15188 DATA 2.,18' , ' , 6 , 133,287,165,288,
18',8,6,133,298,165 , 88
328 REM ***
'1HE END' ***
338 GRAPHICS 7+16:SETCOLOR 2 , 15 , 15:COL
151'0 DATA 24 , 101,207 , 113 , 287,165,8',1 OR 1
01,288,1 33,2 08,173,6,6,41
15208 DATA 3,168,1'0,12,6,142,10,6,173
348 REM ***
PLOT 'THE END' ***
358 RE S TORE 488 : FOR M=1 TO 22:READ fAM
v
,6,6 t 74,74,24,181 ,FRY,TUX,TUY:PlOT FRM,FRY:DRAW10 TUM,T
15216 DATA 287,133 ,2 87,165,288,185,0,1 UY:filEMT X
33,288,168 , 8,173,4 , 6,288 368 REH
015 ***
***
SET Off 20B RAIDO" EKPlOSI
15228 DATA 11,173,10,6,81,291,145,297,
16' , 8,240,132 , 173,18,6 378 fOR EKPL =l TO 208:A=USRCAOA(EXPL$)
15238 DATA 71,255,4',287,145,287 , 16' , 8 ,48+RMOCO)*75,28+RNDCO)*SS):fOR DElAY =
,249 ,2 41 1 TO 40:IEXT OElAV:NEKT E~Pl
388 RE" ***
LET EXPLO S ION~ DIE, THEN R
E- RUN THE DEMO ***
• 3'9 fOR DELAY =1 TO 2900:N£MT OElAY:GOT
o 1'8
488 RE" ***
'THE END' DATA
410 DATA 58,25,67,25,5',75,5',45,72,25
***
,72,45,72,35,88,35,88,75,88 , 45,'3,25,'
3,45,'3,75,10',25,'3,35,18',35
~ V~O~L~.~l____________________T
~H~E
~ A~
.N
~.~
A~.L~.~O~
. G~.~C~O~M
~ PE
~N~D
~IU~M~________________~P~
A~G~
E~5~
5

8178 EXPCNT =f611

8181_ = f6l2
1191 NSlt = '113
8288 1=$6881
8211 PtA jDISCARD
8m LM EXPCNT
8231 OiP .21
j' OF EXPl.
i21 ACT IVE?
• 8248 1111 EXPOk JNO IT'S ()(l
C H ECKSU M DATA
8251 PtA ;YES,.OISCARD
8268 PtA j80TN COllWS
(See pgs. 7· 10) 8271 PtA
8288 PtA
1 3 8 DaTA 3 51 ,4 54 , 438 ,3 68 , ' 5 ,483, 61 7,18 8291 I1TS ·11'<0 EXIT
0,5 3', 885 , 711 , 34.,55 2,3 11 , ' 7 8 , 6646 8381 EXJ>()( PtA ;OISCMO HIGH
2 88 DATA 421, 5 8',83 5, 84 2 .'8,4 61,6 38 , 1 5 8311 PLA jGET X-COORD
J.78 7, " ' L122 . 7S1 , 68 J • •• l ,' 6 1 , 86 6 5 8328 STA t6IX jSTI:RE IT
438 DATA z'2,2 'Z 1331 PtA :DISCARD HIGIi
8341 PtA jG£T Y- C(XR)
• 8351
8361
STA N£lIY
lM.,
jSTORE IT
jTELL INTERRUPT
8371 ST. READY 'WE'RE READY I
Listin g 4. 8381 RTS !I\'() EXIT ~K
9398 ; 'TO BASIC !
8"8 ; GRAPHIC VI!X..OCE 8m .END
8118 i
1128 i A.N .II .L.O.G. ~[NG
813. j
•
81 48 j INITI~llATI~ CODE
8151 . Listi n g 6.
8166 READY = f6l8
8171 oporr = ' 611 8118 ; GRAPHIC VI OLENCE
8181 CYCflG = f6l8 8118 j
8191 SlDflG = f61C 8128 j A.N.II.L O.G . ClJ1PUTI~
121i COORD! = tea 8138 '
8211 COOR01 = fCO 81 48 ; V8LANK INTERRUPT ROUTINE
8128 SfTVIIJ = msc 8151 ;
8231 te '6888 8166 READY = f6l1
8148 INIT PtA jDISCARD 8! 71 EXPCNT = S681
8151 lM iii iZERQ OUT : 81 88 _ = f6l2
8161 ST' READY jREMY FlAG 6191 NSlt = f 613
8171 ST. EXPCNT j' OF OPL. 8216 PLOTCLR = f6l4
8281 PtA j INTERJM>T ~I 1111 Cot.IIIR = f 61S
8291 TAX jPUT IN X 8118 PlOTX = 1686
8388 PtA j INTERRUPT LO 8131 PLOTY = f617
8311 lAY :PUT IN Y 8148 HlIIlD = f6l8
8328 lM 17 jOEFERREO VBI 8258 LOHtO = '689
8331 JSi SfTVIIJ jSET IT! 9268 PLOTBYT = f6M
8341 PtA jCOMDI HI 8171 CYCflG = f688
8351 ST. COOROI II jSAVE iT 8288 SlDflG = f 68C
8368 PtA ;PIU COOROI lO 8191 SNOCNT =f61D
8371 ST. COORDI jSAUE IT 8388 COlOR = f68E
8381 PtA jPlll COORD2 HI 8311 PlOTBl = f628
1391 5111 COORD2tl jS#JE iT 8328 XPQS = .648
8488 PtA jPllL C(m)2 LO 8331 YPOS = XPOSt21
'411 STII COOR02 jSAUE iT 8348 ONT = rPOSt21
8421 PtA jOISfARD 9351 LO = ' CF
8431 PtA :PIl.L COLOR CYClE flAG 8361 HI = SOlI
8448 Sf A CYCFlG :SAVE IT 8371 COORDl = 'ce
8451 PtA :DISfARO 8381 coomI2 = .CI)
9461 PtA ;PIU SillNl flG '3S'1 i
WI STA SlDflG ;SA4JE IT 8488 :SYSI81 EQUATES
1481 I1TS jF!NISHED ! 8418 ;
8491 .END 8411 XITVIIJ = fE462
8438 COlPf1 = f1Co
• 8441 ALOCI = fD28 1
'458 AUOFl = 'D211
8461 SI!AiSC = f58
Listi n g 5. 8471 POKI1S1( =
8488 IROEN = 1028E
tI'
8491 J=l61U
8111 ; GlW'H IC VIIl.OCf 8588 etO 'ClEIVl O£CI~l
8111 ;
81 28 j A.N .A.l .O .G. CCtlPUTING 18
8511 lM PomSK im I Ri 1tfT.
8528 II'<D .. 1f JNO EiR£AK KEY
8138 j 8531 STA POIII1SK ;THE BREAI< m
8148 ; EXPLOS IIJI CAll ROUTINE 8548 STA IIIOEN jlS t..w ~p
8156 • 8551 tOA CYCFtG jCYCllN6 COLOR?
8168 REAOY = f688 8568 1lE0 CIM ;NO . ClMUU
 PAGE 56 THE A. NAL.O.G . COM PE NDI UM VOL. 1 v

v
!171 LIlA COlOR ,SET LAST CIilOR 1348 L~ if! iFORC£ ~ v
6188 ClC jlt~ IT ml Ba RtIlLP ;TO NEXT EXPL .
1191 AOC 116 JSY 16 1).IIIIOPlOT INC OO .X ;INC COOITER v
i611 ST. 0l.1l! ;~ SAlJE IT :37' lAY ;EXP P~SE IN T
1611 LIlA CIilPFl iGET COLOR REG . 1381 LIlA _ .X ,G£] X-COOlJ) ~

i618 ...0 KeF ,G£] BR IGllTl£SS 1391 CLC

!63! ORA ClJLOR JADD lHE COlOR 101111 AX lCOORDI),r ~oo X OfFSET v
864' STA CIl.PF2 ;~() S¥J£ fT' 1411 STA PLOTx jSTOR£ n
1m call LIlA WfL6 jSOlHll ~? 1418 Of' 11 61 jOFF SCREeI'? v
166i SEOGO iNO SK IP fT ' 14 31 BCS Rtf'llP ;YES,O(tl'T PlOT
1671 lIlA !lOOM iNOkE SOl,tID? 101148 L~ YPOS ,X jGET Y-COCf[) v
i 6S! SEQ GO 'NO Sl<IP IT' 1411 Cl C
1691 SEC ;DECREHEN1 THE 1461 AOC <COOlJ)l) , Y 'ADO Y OFFSET ~

im sse I) ' 51).11) coom. )471 ST. PlOTY ; sr~£ 11

1711 ST. !l:loon :rtt!) SlORE 11 14111 OfP 196 'OFF SCREEN? v
6118 L50 • :SHIFT DW1 TO 1491 BCS RIJ{lP ;YE5, ~'T PlOl
ml LS' A ;DERIVE UOLII1E ISiI . v
i 741 LSR A ,FRO! CDIMER 1518 ;'HE FIl.UlrHNG S£CTlCN IS A
875' 51A AUDCI j SET UP Sl)tNU 1528 ;DEOIC'ATEO HULTlPL'Y ROUTINE v
i76! L~ '48 ;CWH€L I . . , 153e jlrlHICH ItllTlPlI £S HIE A REGlSlER
!m STA AUDF I ,FIN ISHED ' 1141 ,BY 4! , WITH RESUlT II~ La. HI v
i 781 GO lIlA READY ;NEW EXPlOS I ~" 1558 ; "-
!79i BED f'VI1N :NO. CllnItitJE 1561 .Sl . v
iSi e , 15711 ST. La
I BII ,AT THIS POINT I THERE JS. Jlel LIlA ' 8 "-
8818 jt£W EXPlOSIIll 15911 BED Xl
8831 , J681 JRIJjLP iEO RaiLP v
880118 JNC EXPOO ,iliE ItJRE EXPl 1618 X2 STA HI jt 2
1151 LIlA
La. _EXPOIT jPUT IN INOEX J611 LIlA LO v
lUI jG£T x-C~ 1638 ASL A
li71 STA XPOS,X ,PUT IN TABLi 1641 SlA LO ~

i888 LIlA 1& JGET Y-C(Kf!() J658 LIlA HI

l i98 STA VPOS .X ;.. oi :~ TARLt J661 ROL A v
1~8 LOA _12l :INITIAUZE TI( 1678 ST. HI :I~
1911 SlA ~lO~ T :50010 cot.tm~ JOil LIlA La v
mi LIlA Ii , INIT COOITER J6~ ASJ..
1931 ST. ~' iFaR (XPl IM6£ J7Ii SlA LO v
8948 ST. Y i,:u) R£A()y FlAG 1718 SlA UliLD
1m HAJ. STA COI/HR ,ZERO COOOER 1711 LIlA HJ v
1961 RU<.P JNC roJITR ,NOO EXPlOSJ~ J738 ROI..
8971 L~ EXPOH ,GET I OF EXPe. ) 748 S1A HI v
im 0fP roJITR :FM' ftlR[ EXPl" J751 ST. HIHlO :tS
8991 BPL mOE,; :1ES. COO JtlUE 1768 LIlA LO v
1988 .I1P xml9J J77i OSL.
IHI! !ND~;:, LOX COt.N1R :6ET mOEx J7il STA La v
li28 lIlA Me ,SET PlOTCl' 1798 LOA HJ
1838 SlA PLOlCLR ;':PLOl A BLOCt- Jill ROl A v
180118 lM 00,;:: ,GEl ClJOOER 1818 STA HJ ;1 16
!85' i FOR EXPlOS 11J1 J811 LIlA LO v
1868 Q1P IS'? ;ALL DRfVrI J838 ASl A
J878 II1J OOPlOT ;riO , 00 IT NIJJ J848 SIA LO v
leS8 JNC PlOTCtR ,J'EII<\SE lIlOC' J~ LIlA HI
li18 SEC :6ET READr FOk Ji6i ROL • v
! 188 sse 13'1 ,ERASE evCtE Ji78 ST. HI jl 32
:!U ~p 181 JERASE O(l'IP Jie! LIlA LO v
1128 II1 J otnOT :NO .ffi:lSE BLOC!< 1I!98 ClC
1131 TXII :HWE JNO£x 1911 AGC llXiLD v
1148 TA' ; TO '( RESISlER 1911 SlA LO
1158 ; 1921 LM HI v
1161 :THE FIl.LOoJING ROOTl~ REPACKS 1931 AOC HJHlO
1111 jlHE E.xPLtlSllll IASlE ro GET RID 1941 SlA HI :H8=t48 v
llse ,If EXPi.OSJ(NS THAT ME 0llE. 1958 i
1198 ; 1961 ,.T THIS POINT THE IUTJPlY i Y v
1181 REPAO< IN)( jNEXT EXPU)SIClI J978 :41 JS 'JNJSHED lViD 11£ NEED TO
!2a m EXPCHT 'D~iE' 1989 jGEl ~ 1 TI£ SCRE8'l
OFFSET .NTO v
!221 SEQ RI'l<l
1131 8Pl RP~EtlO
;NO REPttC!{ MORE
,YES, EXIl '
J991
1881 .
,HEHORY
,
LIlA _51:
v
!20118 RPK2 ~ XPQS ,x ,NO STAAT RPl< 18Ji ,AOO THE OISPlAY
1258 :f!A XPOS ,T ;HooE 1lAC1< ~ 1111 CLC jADORESS TO GET v
1268 LOA YPOS,x 1838 AGe La ;TH£ I¥;TlllL
1211 STA 1POS,1 ,N!I.!E IlACK 1 1141 STA LO jADORESS Of THE "-
J18I LOA 00 ,x 1851 LOA SAIA1SC. I jB'fTE TWIT WILL
12ge 5111 !lIT. 1 ;NOVE BACk on 2868 ADC HI j8l ALTERED FOR ~

!lSi IN' 1871 STA HJ jTHE PLOT,

1311 II'IE REPACk jNEXT REPACk 1188 LIlA PlOTX :!"IISk PLon FOR v
1311 RP'EMl OEC EXPOIT iDEe PO INTERS 1898 "'0 13 ilHE PlOT Bns ,
1338 DEC COalTR ; UE fD RE'ACK llil T., jPLACE IN 'Y " , v
v

V
 VOL 1 THE A.N .A.L .O.G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 57

2111 LOX PlOTBlJ Y jG£T PlOT BITS,

2121 srx PUJlB!1 ' ~D SAVE !
2131
2148
LrlI Plorx
lSR A
;GfT PlOTX '"'
;D1V1DE
21S8 LSR A ' BY 4
216! CLC ;~D ADD TO
2178 AOC LO 'PlOT AIlORESS
218M STA lO ;FOR F1WlL PlOl
2198 l[):l HI jAOORESS.
2216 ADC Ie
2218 STA HI
2228 lOY 18 ;2ERO OUT Y REG.
2238 l~ PLOTClR jEAASltn?
22~8 ttlE CLEARn j ~ES ,60 ClEAR 11
2258 l[):l PlOTBYT jG€T PlOT SITS,
2268 EOR (lO)," jALTER DISPLAY,
227. STA (lO),Y i~D PlOT IP
2288 LrlI 18 :FORCE B~CH
2298 JRlNlP"l SEQ JRlN..P ;,:t{) EXIP
2318 CLEARIl LrlI 'L01BY! i'LOT BITS
231' EOR IISFF jFLlr ' EH
232fi ~D (lO),Y jAUER OISP1.A"
233. STA (lO) ,v ;F«O E~SE IT'
2348 lM 16 jFORCE B~Ck
2358 BEg JRI.J'1'lP2 jFt«> EXIT~
2368 .END

Graphics 11 GTIA Demo

II RE" GRAPHICS 11 GTIA DEMO

21 RE"
31 GRAPHICS 11
' I CI=1:C=I : 5ETCOLOA 4,',2
51 FOR Y=I TO 1'1
61 FOR X=I TO 7'
71 C=C.l:IF C=16 THEN C=I
el COLOR C
" PLOT X,Y
III NEXT H
III LC=LC+l:IF LC =16 THEN CI=-CI:LC=l
128 C=C+CI:IF C=16 THEN C=8
UI NEHT Y
141 'OTD 148

CHEC KSUM DATA

(See pgs. 7·10)
18 DATA "',251 L"5 L174 LI28,2'6.11',77
8.61'.758 .'8 8 ,4s8 . 7 ~,,7.7,e4'4
 v
PAGE 58 T HE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMP ENDIUM VOL. 1
V

'-'
v

V
ATARI 1020 PRINTER DEMO '-'
'-'
V

18 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••• 18 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••

28 REM * Al ARI 1128 PLOTTER * 28 REM * ATARl 1828 PLOTTEA *
38 REM * SPHERE DEMONSTRATION * 38 REM * "SQUARE - NEB" OENO *
.coREM * BY TOM HUDSON * ~8 REM * BY TOM HUDSON *
58 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••• S8 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••
61 REM 68 REM
78 REM
88 REM
*** OPEN JOeB J TO PLOTTER *** 7.
81
REM *** OPEN 10CB 1 TO PLOTTER ***
REM
, . OPEN II1 , 8.8, " P: " ,. OPEN 1I1,8,8 , "P : "
188 REM 118 REM v
118 REM *** SET SPHERE RADIUS *** 118 REM *** INITIALIZE PLOTTEA ***
128 REM 128 REM
138 SIZE=158 138 ? l:u;"\'*H*I*M8 ,- ~8.*I ..
148 REM 148 REM
158 REM *** INITIALIZE PLOTTER *** 158 REM *** START PLOT LOOP ***
168 REM 168 REM
178 ? IU; "f.\*"*I*M8 . "; - SIZE - ZB i "*1" 178 fOR M:: 28 TO 388 STEP 28 v
188 REM 180 REM
1'0 REM
28. REM
*** SET SPHERE CENTER *** 1'8 REM *** DRAW ~ LINES ***
288 REM
218 CH =Z 40 : CY=e 21. ? II1;"",';K ; ", 388*038' , ";48.- M;";" ;
228 REM 488 - )( ; ",28 ; 28 , " ; )(; " ;" ; )(;",388"
239 REM *** START PLOTTINC! *** 228 NE)(T J(
v
24. REM 238 REM
258 DEC :TIME::J 248 REM *** ALL DONE! ***
268 ? Ul;"tf";C)C+SIZE ; " , ";CY:AEM
ART THE PLOT *** *** 5T 258
268
REM
? Ul;"H"
218 FDA V::"~ TO 8
STEP - 12 278 CLOSE Ul:EID
288 fOR X=8 TO 368 STEP 12
2" If TIME:1 THEN HZ =CX+SIZE*COS(X):Y
2=CY- (SIZE*SIJf(X'*SIM'V») : ' OTO l'.
J8e H2=CX - (SIZE*SIJf'X).SIJf(Yl) : Y2=CY+S C H EC KSU M DATA
IZE*COS OIJ
3.18 REM (See pgs. 7~ I O)
128 REM *** DRAW LINE Of SPHERE ***
338 REM
l ~' ? 111;"D";)(2;" , ";Y2
lSI NE)(T )(:NE)(T Y
368 REM
378 REM
388 REM
*** DO NE~T DIRECTION ***
3" TINE :: TIME+l:If TlME :: 2 THEN ? lU;"M
";CH;",";CY+SIZE:GOTO 278
~88 REM
~18 REM *** MOUE PAPER UP AT END ***
428 REM
~ J 8 ? Ul;"H*M8,"; - SXZE - 28;"*I"
~~8 CLOSE Ul:ENO v

C H EC KSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7- 10)

•
 VO L . 1 THE A.N.A.L. O.G. COMP ENDIUM PAGE 61

DISK FILES:
v
USING NOTE &POINT
v 32 K D i sk
\......< by J e rry White

This is a demonstration program that creates a 100 POINT to the secto r and byte of record 50. At line
record inventory file and permits the user to update 780, we INPUT that record, clear the screen, and
the file using random access. Random access all ows d isplay record 50 o n the screen.
v imm ediate access to any given record in a file without Remembe r the number of items in this record,
reading each record again and agai n . press any key, and you will be returned to the option
The rest of this article assumes you have typed in routine at line 5000. Type 2 and this time we will
the p rogram. If there were no errors in typing, you change record 50. Type U and press RETURN, then
should now have 3 options on the screen. Fi rst, we type 50 and press RETURN. Record 50 will again be
must create a data file, so type 1. This will send the d isplayed, but now we have 3 new optio ns. Let's take
program to line 100. We will now create a 100 record them in order. Type 1, then press RETURN. To
file to work with. Each record will contain a record update the qua ntity, we merely add to it by typing
number, an item count and an item description field. the number of items to add, o r subtract by typing a
Each field is separated by a comma. As the file is negative number. Remember that our quantity field
created, it witl be displayed on the screen. After is only 3 positions, so don't increase it to more than
record 100 is written the file is closed, and you will 999 items.
be returned to the 3 original options. After read ing the record from the datafile, we
Now type the number 2. In o rder to use random store it in a string call REC$. The quantity field is
access updating, we must know exactly where each updated in the string. It will be updated on the d isk
record begins on the diskette. Before updating, the only when we choose option 3 to exit. Before we exit,
program will create an index using an array in mcm~ let's change the descriptio n field. Type 2 and press
ory. Once this is done, we can instantly find any re~ RETURN. Choose a new description and type it.
cord using the PO INT instruction. But first, we must Now type ), and the record will be updated on the
NOTE the location by storing the sector numbe r and disk.
byte in our arrays. We only have to do this once. To be su re that the record has been changed pro~
Then we can inspect or change as many records as perly, you can choose the d isplay/ update option
needed. then redisplay record 50. By now, you can sec the
The index is created usi ng th e routine starti ng at adva ntages o f random access updating. You don't
line 300 and ending at 420. Line 500 is the beginning have to read t he first 49 records to get to record 50.
of the random access routine. You should be able to Once the arrays of the sectors and bytes contain the
fo llow the program listing, si nce the variables used beginning of ever y record, we ca n locate any record
will all be defined at the end of this article. At this instantly. 0
time, I wi ll o nl y expla in how the NOTE and POINT
instructions are used.
At lin e 310, we check a flag to sec if an index has
28 REM IIUEITORY TUTORIAL PROGRAM TO 0
already been created. If so, we do not have to repeat EMONSTRATE RAIDOM ACCESS UPDATING
this procedure and go to line 500. To create the in~ 31 REM ***BY JEARY WHITE ***
58 DIM SEC(188)~BYT(188).AEC$(18),DES$

-
dex, we read the data fi le. Before reading each record, (11),CHOICE$(1):CI=8:&OTO 5881
we NOTE the sector and byte position and put it into II. EM *** CREATE I.ITI~L D~TA FILE *
our SEC and BYT arrays. I I . FDA BLAIK=l TO 31:AEC$(BLAIK,BLAIK
Once the array is complete, we are ready to display ) =" ": IIEXT BLAIIK
128 CLOSE IU : OPEl IU . 8, e. "D: DATA FILE"
or update any record in the datafile usi ng the PO INT 131 REC$(4~.n = " ~ ":REC$(1I.3.)=".ITE" DE
instruction to locate the record we want. Let's start SCRIPTIOII FIELD"'
14. FDA AECORD=l TO 180
by displaying record 50. Type D and press RETURN. 168 IF RECORD<ta THEI REC$U,2)=""":R
v Then type 50 and p ress RETURN. At line 760, we EC$(1.3' =STR$(AECORD):&OTO 228
PAGE 62 THE A.N. A.L.O.G . CO MPENDIUM VOL 1

lS8 IF RECOAD(188 THEilRECSU~U="8"!R 1478 REC$('138):OESS:GOTO 18a8

ECS(2~3)=STRS(AECOAD):GOTO 228 2888 ! CHR$(753):1 :1 uDATAFILE NOT O.
288 AECS(1~3)=STRS(RECOAD) DISK: TUP 48888"
778 AECS(5 ,7 '=~TAS(RIID(8)*1.8+188' fOR NAIT:1 TO S88:IIIEKT WdIT : 'OTO v
74. PRlllt 111; RECS:? :? "RECORD "; RECOR
O:? REC$:IIEHT RECORD IIIIITI~L DISPL~Y Of OPTION L.-
768 CLOSE Ul:GOTO 588.
388
318
RE" *** CRE~T£ IIDEX ***
IF CI =l THEil AECORD=181:GOTO 588
'D~!I~S_!8:? U6:!
''": :? #6;"
#6;" IMVENTORY
1= CAEATE fILE
V
378 TA~P 7aaa:CLO~E R2:0PEII 1l7,4,',"D:
D~TQfILE":TA~P 4a88. 5878 ? #6:? #6;" 7= DISPLAY/UPDATE":?
368 fOA QARAY=l TO 188:1I0TE #2,5ECTOR, 1f6:? U6;" 3: END PROGR~""
BYTE 58 .. 0 CLOSE US:OPEN US,4,8."K:":GET US .
388 ? :1 "RECORD ";ARRAYi " SECTOR ''is GC :C LOSE US : GC:GC - 48
ECTDA;" BYTE ";BYT E 5868 If 'C(l OR GC}3 THEIII 58a8
488 SEC(~RR~YJ=SECTOA:BVT(~RRAV':8YTE: 5888 GR~PHICS 8:POKE 82.1 : SETCOlOR 2,8
IWPUT R2,RECS:IIEHT ~RR~Y ,':ON GC GOTO 1.'.308 1 6888
478 CLOSE U2:CLOSE Ul:CI:l 6888 GRAPHICS 8:POKE 82,7:END
588 RE" *** RANDOH ACCESS DATAfILE
578 CLOSE U4:0PEN 1U,17,8 , "D:DATAfILE"
***
548 ? CHRS U25J : 1 :? "TYPE 0 TO DISPL~
Y A RECORD": 1 :? "TYPE U TO UPD~TE ~ R
•
ECORO"; CHECKSUM DATA
568 !lPUT CHOICE$:IF CHOICE$="o" THEil
788 (See pgs. 7~lO)
588 If CHOICES:"U" THEM '88
688 ? CHRS(753):GOTO 548
788 ? : 1 "TYPE RECORD NUMBER TO DISPLQ
Y"j:TRAP 788::lIIPUT RII:TRAP 48988
778 If RM{AARAY AWD RN)8 A.D RII=I.T(R.
) THE" 768
74 8 ? CHA$ (753):? "!lVAUO RECORD .U"
ER":GOTO 788 v
768 POINT nA,SEC(RWJ,BYT(RM)
788 INPUT nA. RECS :? CHAS (75) : 1 :? "Af
CORD "iA":? :? RECS
888 ? :? "PRESS AIY KEY fOR OPTIONS;" : v
PO.£ 764 255:CLOSE U4
828 If P(£.(764)()755 OR PEE.(SJ77')()
7 THE" POKE 764,255:GOTO 5888
• V
848 GOTO 878
'88 ? :? "TYPE RECORD MUteER TO BE UPO V
ATED";:TR~P n8:IMPUT AN : TRAP 48888
'7' If AN{~ARAY A.D AII)8 A"D R.:l.T(R. V
, THEil '68
, ... ? CHR$(753):1 "I. VALID AECORD IIUte V
EA":'OTO '88
'68 POINT a.,SEC(RN).BYT(RN) v
'88 INPUT U4.RECS:? CHR$(175)
1.88 ? :~ "RECORD ";AN:? :? IECS
1818 ? : ~ "TVPE 1 TO UPDATE QUANTITY":
? "TYPE 7 TO CHANC;;E DESCRIPTION" :? "TY
PE 3 TO EHIT"
1878 TR~P 1888:INPUT CHOICE:TRQP 488.a
1848 If CHOICE{1 OR CHOICE)3 OR CHOICE
(}INT(CHOICE) THEil ? CHRS(253':GOTO l '
v
88
1868 ON CHOICE GOTO 118 •• 1388.188'
1888 POINT .... SEC(A.'.8YT(A.):PRI.T U4
;RECS:CLOSE #4:GOTO 588. v
1188 ? :? "TYPE PO~ITIUE .U. . EA TO INC
REASE ITEM'S" :1 "TVPE .EG~TIVE MUteER T '--
o DECRE~SE ITEM5"
1148 TRAP 11.8:I.PUT MU"ER:TRAP 4'8.' V
1168 ITEM'S:U~L(REC$(517) : ITEN5=ITEN5+
IIIUteER
1188 If ITEM5)'." THEN? CHAS (253):? ..
ITEM'S CANIIOT EXCEED """: ,OTO 1188
1288 If ITEN5 {8 THEN ? CHAS (753] :? "IT
EMS CAN.OT 8E ~ lESS THAN ZEAO":'OTO 1
128 V
1278 If ITEMS <18 THE. REeS (5,6) =" .... : R
EC$(7,7'=STR$(ITEM5]:GOTO 18. V
1248 IF ITEM5(188 THEil REC$(5.5): ..... :.
EC$(6~1)=5TAS(ITE~):60TO 18ee v
1768 REC$(5.7J :S TAS(ITEIt5):GOTO 1.88
ll8. ? C"R$(25): 7 :? "RECORD "; R. :? :
1 REe$
1128 ! :! "TYPE MEN DESCRIPTIO. UP TO
77 POSITIONS"
1348 INPUT OES$ : lD:LEN(DES$)
1368 I f LD)22 THE. ? CHRS (253) :? "fIEL
D TOO LO"G . EXTAA IGNORED"
1388 If LD=22 THEN 1'28
1'8' FOR BlAIK=lD TO 22:DES$(lEI(DES$)
+U : " ":.£KT 8l~N.
VOL. 1 THE A. N.A. L. O.G. COM PEN DI UM PAGE 63

DISK DIRECTORY DUMP

16 K Di sk

b y To ny Messina

This utility is rather simple in nature, but can Input / Outpu t (CIO) portion of the ope rating sys~
prove qu ite helpful when trying to remember what tern when communicating with the device on the
program is on which diskette. In order for this utility 10CB specified.
to work, you need the following items: I) a disk Now that we know something about IOCBs, let's
d rive, 2) a printe r (40 or 80 column), 3) an ATARI look at how we set them up.
computer with at least 16K of memory. The utility O PEN and CLOSE.
itself will give you a neat, fo rmatted hardcopy of The OPEN comma nd allows us to communicate
you r d isk di rectory (l to ld you it was simple!). The with a device using the Cia faci lity. We don't have
following article shou ld also give you a general idea to know machine language to access a device. , . we
about IOCBs and the OPEN / CLOSE statements ca n use BASIC instead! OPEN just dedicates an
which are part of the BASIC repertoire . 10CB to perform our command. We can think of it
I OCBs. as opening a hotline to o ur device. The line will sta y
Many programs appearing in this book use OPEN open until we hang up o r CLOSE it. The form of the
and C LOSE statements to perform a particular func~ OPEN command is as follows :
tion. I'm sure such questions as " What is being OPEN #IOCB,I/ O CODE, SPECLAL, DEVICE
opened / closed," "How/ Why is it being opened / Parameters can take on the follow ing values:
closed," and "How can I open / close my own 10CB - Any number from 0-7. Usua ll y only I ~S
thi ngs!" have crossed you r mind, so now would bea is best, since the ope rati ng system uses IOCB 0 for
good time to find out what it's all about!! the sc ree n / editOr, 6 fo r any graphics window (I'm
One of the most d ifficult things to do on any com~ sure you all have used a PR INT #6 statement) , and 7
puter is IN PUT/ OUTPUT, or 110 for short. Would for LPRINT and Cassette I/ O.
you like to write the program (commonly called a L/ O CODE - 4- INPUT, 8-0UTPUT, 12-
driver) to print to the printer or list to the disk or INPUT and OUTPUT, 6- DISK DIRECTORY IN-
input a cha racter from the keyboard! It really isn't all PUT and 9-0UTPUT (APPEND TO END OF
that fun. Thanks to those great ATARI folks who FILE).
designed our systems (the operating system in pa r ~ a
SPECIAL -Is usually but can be filled in based
ticula r ), we don't have to worry too much about the on the device you arc usi ng. If you are opening a
above ~ mentioned items. We can control out I/ O screen mode othe r than GR.O, you would need to
through an IOCB or Input/ Output Control Block. put the GR. mode number in the SPECIAL para ~
The operating system has eight IOCBs. Each meter. If you have a sideways printing printer (sa y
IOCB contains information as to the nature of the that 10 times quickly), you could get it to print side~
device we want to communicate with, where the ways by putting 83 as the SPECIAL pa rameter.
driver for the device is located, where the buffer for When in doubt, use O.
the device is located , the length of the buffer, the DEVICE - Devices which we can control and
command we are trying to execute on the device which BASIC knows about are the KEYBOA RD
(OPNE, CLOSE, PUT CHARACTER, GET CHAR- " K,", GRAPHICS W INDOW "S,", PRINTER
ACTER, etc.), timeout values (i.e., how long do we " P:", CASSETTE "C:", DISK FILE "D:filenamc.
try to execute a command before we decide to give ext", SCREEN EDITO R " E, " and RS232 PORTS
up), etc. This information is used by the Ce nrral OR:".
PAGE 64 THE A.N.A .l.O. G. COMPENDIUM VOl. 1
v
18 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
When opening a device, we must make sure that 15 REM * UTILITY a4 *
the paTameters make sense. We wouldn't want to 28 REM * DISkCAT VER . 1 *
open a printer fo r INPUT and OUTPUT, since most 2 S REM * BY TOIV ttES'n lA
3 8 REM * fDA A.I . A. L.O.' . COMPUTI.'
**
printers only allow OUTPUT. It also wouldn 't make 15 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
sense to open the graphics window for DISK DlREC~ . . RE" *
'S RE" •••••••••••••••••••••
TO RY INPUT. See ... it's not all that co mplicated. 58 RE" * MAKE SCRfEI TITLE
55 RE" •••••••••••••••••••••
*
Once we have opened a device, there are man y 68 RE" *
6S GRAPHICS 2:START=PEEktS68'+PEEKtS61
thi ngs wh ich can be done. Commands s uch as PUT '*2S6 : POkE START+',6 : POKE START+ll,6 : P
#, GET #, PRINT #, etc. can be executed by BASIC OKE START+11.5
directly to t he device we have opened . The o n ly thing 71
75"
712,32: .ul~c •..'." ..., ~~
: ? U:6 :? ..
we have to remember is not [Q use an in val id com- '>= ='~= = ,,~==
mand for the 1/ 0 CODE selected. If we opened the .. Cltil
GRAPHICS W INDOW fo r OUTPUT, for exa mple, :? U:6;
then we could not use the GET command . Experi- 8. v
ment using O PEN with its associated com mands and
you' ll soon become proficient in the mysterious
••
'5 RE" •••••••••••••••••
180 REM * VARIABLE I.IT *
v
world of ATARI 110. 185 REM •••••••••••••••••
118 REM *
H o w DOD u ses IOCBs. 115 DIM DfVStZJ:DIH TA8$t'8':OIM DIAfe
This utility opens 2 10CSS. 10CB I is ope ned for TORY$(S):DI" fILEMAME$tl"lDIM A.SStl)
output to the printer in LINE 220, and 10CB 2 is
1211 DIRECTORY$="O:* .*" : TAB~="
125 DISK=2:PR.TER=1:DIATAB=11:COLNXD=4
..
opened for disk di rectory input in LI NE 230. The
8:0UTPUT=8:.ULL=e : DIRI.=6 : COU.T = 3 : ~PAC
filename to get has been set to "D:**", since we want £=3
to see all of the fi les. DEV$ is simply set to " P:" for 138 REM *
115 REM ••••••••••••••••••
the pri nter. I also set all my codes to constam s for 1'1 REM * GfT USER INPUT *
easier reading. The values can be fo und in LI NES ••••••••••••••••••
llS - IZS.
W ith these two 10CBs open, the rest of the utility
* COLUMN WIDTH
v

is a snap. We in put a file name in LINE 380 and <>88 THE. GO

output it to the printer. A nice thing about the direc· TO 168
178 If MlDTH=88 THEN COLMID=WIOTH:GOTO
tory input co mmand is that it also returns the num· 21 .
175 DIRTAB=1:COU.T=2:SPACE =2 v
ber of FREE SECTO RS after the last file name has
180 ?
been input. LINE 385 checks for this and ro utes us 185
1'8
REM *
RE" ••••••••••••••••••••
v
to LI NE 420 when we are done. Another item to
no te is that the printer now recognizes ";" and "," so 1'5
281
REM * OPE. DEVICES fOR
RE" * INPUT / OUTPUT *
*
that we can format ou r output. LPRINT, under cer· 215 REM ••••••••••••••••••••
tain circumstances, will recognize these two charac. 218
215
REM *
TRQP .'S:LPRI.T
ters, bu t it's best to open a channel to the printer and 22 8 OPEN aPRNTEA,OUTPUT , MULL,DEV$
do a PRINT # instead. 225 TRAP 581
218 OPEN aOISK,DIAII,IULL , OIAECTORV$
The rema inder of the utility performs erro r checks 215
249 REM * ••••••_.*.*•••••
REM "~'~'~'~'H'H'H'H'H'~' ~.~.~.'*.
and issues prompts for the user. All of the major 245 REM • ASK fOA HEADER KAME *
sectio ns have been block commented and should 258 REM • ••••••••••••••••••••••
present no major problems when you try and figure 255 REM *
261 ? .. '; : I.PUT fI LE•
out what is being done . .... $
2 6S If fILE.AMES =· ... THEIf f ILE.AtlES =" - O
How to u se it. f fAUL T lIANE - "
Type in the listi ng and save it to your disk. You can 278 REM
275 REM *•• •••••••••••_•••••••4.
~.~.~.~.H.H.H.~
now RUN the program. If you forget to turn on your 281 REM * PRI.T TITLE OUT
285 REM ••••••••• • •• • •• • •••
*
printer o r disk, you will be razzed until you do. Just
follow the prompts and you' ll soon have a listing of
2,. REM *
2'5 IF LEN'F I LENAME$' ) 1 8 THEN GOTO 5 1 8
all your di rectories. You can even prin t a title ( 18 1 98 TRAP 510
l iS PRIN T UPRNTEA:TAB$tl I.T(tCOLNlD - (
cha racters max) for each of you r d irectories to help LEI (FILENAMES)*2) 1/2)) j 11(_" iFIlEIAME S v
jog your memory. 311 ? UPRNTER: ? aPA"TEA ; TAB~(1,OIRTA8'
O ne last note. If your printer doesn' t support the 31S
128
REM.
REM •••••••••••••••••••
expanded print mode, then you must change LINE 125 REM * PAINT CO LUMN It *
305 by deleting the ESC/ ESC/ CNTL N seq uence 338 REM • • • • • • ••••• • •• • ••••
and also deleting the "*2)" from the centering cal. 1 35 REM *
U8 FOR HfADC.T=1 TO COU. T : ? aPANTER;"
cu ladon. If you have an EPSON printer, just change fILNAI'IE / EXT LEI"': TABS (1 , SPACE) ; : NEXT
the code for expanded prin t to the appropriate HEADCNT: ? nPR.TER
345 ? aPRNTER ;? nPAMTEA ; TAB$(J.D I RTA B)
code. 0
VO l. 1 TH E A .N.A .L.O .G . CO MPENDI UM PAGE 65

*
~~~~~~~~~~~M~.~~~M~~ •••••••
*.**GET fILENAMES AND PRINT *
•••• *.~~.* •• ~*~M** •• ~~ ••

aPRNTE
/2) - 1];

*~.~**********~**~***~**.
*•••••••••
ERROR TRAPS fOLLOW *
•• *••
~.~ ~.*.*.*

*:
'PRIHTER DOES NOT RESPOND'I~ ':G
':CLOS
: ,

•
CHEC KSUM DATA
( See pgs. 7~ lO)

Rainbow Demo

5 SETCOLOR 7,8,8:POkE 752,l:PRINT CHR$

(125)
18 OJ" C$ (24)
28 fOR 1 =1 TO 74
38 READ D
48 C$(I,I)=CHR$(D)
58 MEXT I
68 D=U5R(ADR(CS»
78 EMD
188 DATA 162,8,173,11,212,281,37,288,2
.n,141
• 118 DATA 18,217,142,24,288,237,737,788
,246,147
178 DATA 24,288,248,232

CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7·10)
5 DATA 557,836,238,324,386,388,233,255
,645,111,5",4476
PAGE 66 T H E A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPE NDI U M VOL. 1

BURPI
16 K D isk
by C h a rles Bachand

Over the years, we have all run across diskettes rhat sector; no other file is currently using it. It also
that just would not format. This was probably due to follows that if the bit is off (0). the sector is currently
a scratch or dent on the disk surface, and even in use and should not be touched.
though the ATARI 810 disk drive returns the \Ve next compare these bits with those of a freshly
addresses of bad sectors to the computer (Huh, I formatted disk. If the bit is on then BURP will shut it
didn't know that!), the disk operating system makes off to mark it as being in use. However, ifit was in use
no use of them. Well, how would you like to be able to begin with. then we arc in trouble and BURP will
to use those disks that up until now you have been produce a bad sector error.
feeding to the trash? The last part of the program will check the number
BURP (Basic Unusable·disk Rec laimer Pro· of sector errors on the disk. If there were no errors
gram), is a machine language program that patches encountered, the program merely writes the first
itself into DOS's disk formatting routine. Being an directory sector. Otherwise. we build a fake fi le entry
AUTORUN.SYS file, it is loaded when the with the name "Bad Sectors" and a length of the
computer is first powered on and is essentially number of bad sectors. This entry is used as a flag to
transparent to the user. The only programming identify which of your disks caused problems.
limitation is that no other program can reside within The completely documented Macro Assembler
the address space $600·$694. listing follows, as well as a BASIC program to
There are a couple of limitations involved in using gene rate BURP.
BURP, There are twO more limitations of this program
1) The program will still return a bad sector error that have su rfaced. The larger of the two problems is
and abort if any bad sector is in the space taken up by the fact that it witl nor work with Percom disk drives.
the disk directory (sectors 360-368) or the disk boot This is due to the fact that the Percom drive does not
(sectors 1·4). re(urn bad sector numbers to the operating system if
2) Do not save DOS out to a disk after BURP has it cannot format a disk. The second problem shows
run without also saving a copy of the up if you try to duplicate a disk using ooS option
AUTORUN.SYS file containing BURP to the same ")." OOS 2.0S copies all seCtors whose correspond·
disk. The DOS will have been patched into BURP, ing bit in the VTOC is set, it will try to copy the bad
and without BURP itself loaded into memory any sectors which it cannot do. It will instead issue an
attempt to format a disk will cnd with DOS dying a error meSs.1ge. A way around this wou ld be to copy
terrible death! (In other words, it bytes the dust.) individually every file on the disk.
BURP is divided into three sections. The fi rst is a To generate the BURP program and hflVe it
group of patches that load into the ex isiting DOS. SA VEd to a file. run the BURP maker program
These patches wedge BURP into the Disk Operating written in BASIC. Theobject program will be stored
System, and reduce the error retry count to allow on file D:AUTORUN.SYS, which will automatically
the OS to say "I give up!" a lot sooner. load the program after DOS is loaded.
Next follows the main section of the program that If you want the option of using BURP or nor using
converts the bad sectOr numbers returned by the 810 it, simply change the file name specified in the
disk drive into the corresponding bits of the disk opening statement to something other than
directory's Volume Table Of Contents (VTOC). D:AUTORUN.SYS. To run BURP now, it will be
The VTOC has a bit for every sector on the disk. If a necessary to call up the DOS Menu and perform [1.
bit is on (1), this [ells DOS that it may store dara in binary load from yOur chosen new file. 0
 VOl. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DIUM PAGE 67

BASI C Listin g. Pitches to DOS 2.IS

01!6 $1711:
188 REM +++ BURP **.
118 REM BASIC UMUSEABLE - DISK
LM Ii ,no rttry on trrors
128 REM RECLAIMER PAOGRAM 016 SlD4C
138 REM $1052
148 OPEM 'U~ B, 8, "0: AUlORUM. SVS" ,If' ibypiSS bid srctor errors
158 TRAP 17111
168 READ A: PUT Ul,A : GOTO 168 016 SIOIIE
178 CLOSE IU: UD JSR ~ iPltch new .rror hlfldl tr
288 DATA 255,255,141,7 t 141,7,16~,8
218 DATA 76,13,78L13,7~,82,13,142 DRS $1M:;
228
238
DATA
DATA
13,144.1~,32,',6,16S,13
16~,13,288 ,2 4a,32,111,6,8
IH SlOW ,do III but first stchr
24' DATA 6,144,6,16',8,141,148,6
JSR IIRTDI iwitt f irst dirtetory stcter
258 DATA 141,147,6,172 , 147,6,177 , 71 Routin. to ...k bid seeters IS be ing
268 DATA 141,14S,6,28. , 177,71 L141,146
27. DATA 6,288,281 t 255,288,8,Z85,145 il use 011 tke disk; s VTOC. Pltc~ed Into
288
2'8
DATA
DATA
6.2'8~l,7~ . 14,,16,148.147
6,16',8;168,3,78,146,6
ttlt OOS It idlress"Off.
388 DATA 118,145,6 ,1 86,136,288,246,42 0R6 $1611 i'" hd to ,ut it SCMplin !
318 DATA 42,42,42,168,16~ L 8,56,186
328 DATA 136,16,252 , 178,1/3,145,6,185 ~ lM Ii iinitillin
338 DATA 18,168,138;4',6',288,5,184 STA IWlOO jbid StetOf' COUlhr
348 DATA 114,76,181,18,138,81,6',145 STA IIlSPT jind bid stch.. indtx
351 DATA 6'.168,3,177,6',56 .2 33,1
368 DATA 145,6',238,148,6,76,8,6 ~LP lOY BOSPT jlNd indu
378 DATA 172,148,6,248,21 , 162,18,18' LM (IIAI),Y i9ft bid stcter (JeM)
388 DATA 134,6 ',128 157,6,21 282 STA BftI1 jstort it for llhr
3'8 DATA 16,24S,16' L ~6,141,I,28,148 INY jinertMnt poinhr
488 DATA 2,28,12,11~,16,76,25,18 LM ~y igtt bid stctor Chi_)
418 DATA '6,66,'7,188,32,83 , 111," STA 1 iSt(J't it too. .
428 DATA 116,111,114,115,224,2,225,2 INY j incrtMnt pOllthr 19i1n
43. DATA 133,6
Of' WF ,end O'f dih?
IH BOCOfT iNo. lot ytt
• Of' B!Jltt j is I", byh SFF?
BOCOfT jNo. lot it !ftd ytt .
IH
C HECK SU M DATA ,If' ..wrC iYeI. Wrih VTOC
(See pgs. 7~ IO)
BOCIM STY BOSPT i"'If indn
LM • iZera iCc-.litor
18. DATA 347,185,821,83,288 , 726,842,13
Ll)Y 13 ishift Hctor nllbtr
4,'63,782,4'6,'7',524,825,266,8154 BSI lSR ~I j3 bits to tbe ri~t
278 DATA 5~7,6'7,221,'75,21,,813,55,76 RIll B9Ut ithrough bigh lid 10l0I r,~;s
1 LS48,',7C8,7'8,S85,21,6CI2 RIll A jragots inAuXXX'
4z8 DATA '48,748,1688 DEY jdtcrtMnt count
IH BSI jOcrit 3 ti.s? No.
RIl. A
• RIl. A
iYU . rotlh I 'tft "
iti.s, so Ulit it .. ill
RIl. A ihivt 1Mb in law bits
RIl. A jm loak Ii kt .1tIIXXX
Assembly listing.

BlW - Bid Disk belii.,. PtOlJ". BS3

lAY
LM
sa:
RIll
DEY
Ii
A
iSft urry fl,
jlse uJut is COUllttr
iZera iCe-.litor
irobt. Cirry hrou;. Acc
iettCrtMlt COUllttr
Wr i Un by Chlr I ts Suhnd 1ft BS3 ,At Y' th position? No.
lAX iYU. "" bit .lSi ill X
Th is ~rOlJ"" pitchrs itself into LM II9IJt ,9ft byte R"'r
ATMl's DOS 2.IS to illCM for tbt AIlC III jidd offset to SfCt(J' up
fc:r-..tting of physiully ct.iged lAY jUst u VYOC indtx
llId prtlliously "Iusullit disktttn T1A ,,, bi t IIuk bid:
1M) (VTC),Y i .ith VTOC
Nott: IH BS<4 iBid IICtor in vu? No .
This progr_ will not il10101 PIA iYES! Wt irt in troublt!
the ftnlltting of i disi PIA iPul1 returll stiek IddrUS
,If' ERf8II) jind rtF.t .rror condition
with dilugtd disk boot stctors, BS4 T1A
01' diu.gtd directory stctors. iget bi Rsk 19iin
Sorry , Ell! (VTC),Y illMrt illoutlon bit
STA CVYC),Y jind store it biet i,vrOC
LOY 13 i~int to ftH sectCl'S
Syst.. Equdes LM (VYC),Y i h! iltlJTOC
SEC jstt clf'ry f(J' subtrict
IITt = S45 jdirectory;s vroc poi,tet sec .1 jetter_Itt ,lIIbtr by OIIt
IWl = $17 jbid ltctor bufftr point.r STA CVYC) Y jUUf i t out .in
IIR'TOIR = S1171 i_itt dirtetory Stetor III: iAOfiri jiltcrMfnt bid stctor coun t
II!IITC = S1195 jlri tt 1,101., tible of cmhnts ,If' ~ iloop biCk ind do it il)i.in.
omos •
ElIIllW) =
SI219 jyt 10 DOS
If no bid sector trrors, tlltn iut ~itt
S12BS inorai I bid di sk sector ex i t
OIR : SI4I1 jfilt dirtctory buffer out tft. first dirrctDl'Y stetDl' to dJ'*.
 PAGE 68 THE A .N.A.L.O .G. COMPENDI UM VO L. 1

If thtrr art I!rrors, III' 111;11 put a filt

en try In to tnt' dirl'c tory tel li ng n(lll liny
5tetors are bad and thrn wr i b It to di sk .
WRTIJi lOY
SED
IWJCNT
NOERRS
iratad bad
j
Steter coont
SfCtorS' NO .
lOX 118 ;1'rs . Fi It nillie to entrY
HMN LIlA BADFN,X ; fl'm PItOFN
~ H88 j invt'rw V i deO, .oJ!
STA DIR t 5,X ito dirrctorr buff,r un.
OEX jdfcr~nt (ountrl'
SPL HIIVrn jOonr I I byt,s? No.
LIlA HOI jlllil'k f i If as locktd
STA OIR jllnd i n usr
STY DIRt! jstorr bad Sletor count
NOERRS JSR WRTOIR jwi t t sector to disk
JIf' IIElOOS jDark disk with no DOS
RfTlM< RTS jrrturn aftrl' plotch i ng

0ADfN DB ' ~d 5' jf i h nilllle ust'd to lurk

DB ' fctorS'j tftl! disk as dalagtd.
~ OS 2 ;bad stetor nlDbfr
BOSPT OS I ibad stc t Dr po inbr
IWlOIT OS I ;bad SfCtor coun t
EN!) RETURN jJust rrturn aftrr load ing

Swirl Demo

18 C=8:0=J:SfTCOLOR J,5,5:DEG
28 KI=88:VI=5B:GRaPHIC5 23
38 PLOT HI,VI
, . fOA 1=1 TO IB88 STEP 5
SB Q: O+l:IF 0}3.5 THEW 0=1
68 COLOR 0 : R=I/J8:T=I
7e K=R*c05CT):Y=R*SIWCTJ
88 IF Y+YI<e THEM 14e
'8 PLOT K+KI.Y+YI
J88 R=CItC)/J6*C05CItCt'8J
J18 Y=CI+C)/16*SIMCI+Ct,.)
12. DRAWTO K+KI,Y+YI
138 KERT I
J48 5ETCOlOR 2.8,2:5ETCOLOR 1.8,5
158 5ETCoLoR 8,8.8:&OSU8 218
168 SET COLOR a,8,2:SETCOLOR 2.8,5
178 SET COLOR J,8.8:GOSUB 21.
18. 5ETCOLOR 1.8,2: SETCOLOR 8.8.5
1'8 5ETCOLOR 2.8 , 8 : &05U8 218
288 'OTO U8
218 FOR 1=1 TO 11 : NEXT I:R£TURK

CH EC KSU M DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
18 DATA '77,537,75 , 338,27',7,362,858,.
82 , 117,132,836,737,378,877,6'68
1 68 DATA 373 , 886,376 . 8'5,6'7 . 16 3.3 3"
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIU M PAGE 69

THE BLACK RABBIT

2.0

48K Disk

by Brian Moriany

L ...·['s face it. Backing up disks with a sing!...· drive is lines 1000- 1290. When you're finished, LIST the
a dull and time-consuming chore. Even with a 48K program out to disk and use D:CHECK2 (sec page
system. ATARI DOS will make you swap at least 9) to verify the accuracy of your typing. Use the
three times to copy a reasonably full disk. And then follow ing proced ure co wri te your copy of Black
there afe those d isks DOS won't copy - boot-load R,bb;t 2.0,
programs, Letter Perfect files, FORTH screens,
anything recorded with a non-DOS file structure. I. Load the BASIC program into memory and type
O ne day 1gO( sick of disk-swapping anJ decided to RUN. The line numbers between 1000-1290 will be
write a more efficiem disk backup system. I wanted displayed as each DATA statement is checked.lfbad
ro be able to duplicate all 720 sectors of a disk with dara is encoun tered. the program will list the line
no more than two read / wri te passes. To accomplish containing the error and stop so that you can correct
this,I had to find a way (Q cram 360 sec(Qrs worth of it. Re-RUN the program umil all data lines afe
data into RAM at once - 46080 bytes! thoroughly debugged.
A 48K ATARI contains 49152 bytes of user 2. You will next be prompted co insert a blank d isk
RAM. But the first four pages ( 1024 bytes) arc into drive 111. Make sllre Ihis diskmnlains no im/.>onam
reserved for use by the operati ng system ROM /Jwgrams or dala, because il is a/xml 10 he (omplclCly
routines. A graphics mod e 0 screen and d isplay list t'T(ued.
require an additional 993 bytes. This leaves a 3. Press the START key. The dest ination d isk will
maximum of 1055 bytes fo r the disk copkr. be formatted and a copy of the Black Rabbit will be
The Black Rabbit fits into this cramped space with written out to the first six sectors. An error message
room to spare. Version 2. 0 fe atures simple one- will result if the disk is write-protected or cannQ[ be
button operation with audio/ visual prompting, for matted.
automatic formatting of the destination disk and a 4. The prompt "Rabbit disk okay" means success!
"Visible VTOC" (Volume Table of COIHents) that Remove the Rabbit disk from the drive, replace it
lets you check the distribution of data on the source with one of your regular DOS disks and SAV E the
disk and monitor the progress of the copy. It "skips BAS IC program. You can use it to make extra back-
owr" empty sectors and wilt not crash if it up copies of the Rabbit.
encounters an unreadable sector. Rabbit, Run.
Typing it in. Now it's time to test the Black Rabb it. Rc-insert
Listing I is an ATARI BASIC program that will the Rabhit disk in drive 11 1, turn o ff your computer,
create an auto-booting image of the Black Rabbit on let it rest for a moment and turn it back on,
:lny disk. Listing 2 is the assembly-la nguage sou rce If you see "Remove cart ridge; requires 48 K
code, created with the MA C / 65 Macro Assembler RAM" on your screen , you forgot to remove the
by OSS. This listing is only prov ided to show you BASIC ca rtridge. The Black Rabbit needs every byte
how the program works; you do NOT havc to type it your computer can spare, and the cartridge de-
in to use the Rabbit. selects an 8K block o f RAM. So pull the cartridge
Enter each line of the BASIC program carefull y, out and power-up again. You sho uld now be looking
Be especially careful with the DATA statements in at the Rabbit's title screen (Figure I ).
 PAGE 70 THE A.N. A.L.O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1

170 8Uf$ {l) =" . " : BUfS (768) =" ' " : SUf$ (2) =
8UFS:? "t\;'Uerifying DATA l.ines." :~ ".R
eadin9 line It;
ISO 8=O:TOTAL=8:LINE="O:RESTORE 1000:
TR AP 250
1'0 LI N E=LI"E~lO
28 9 POSJTION lS. 3: ~ LINE
219 fOR 1 = 1 TO 2S:8=8 +1:READ 8YTE:TOTA
L=10TAL+ 8V TE:8UfSC8 ,8)=C HR$C6VTE): NEXl
I
228 If PEEKCI83)+256*PEEK(13() {)L INE 1
HE N ? ... Line ";LINE;"Missing.":END
230 REt:!D CHECKSIIH:1F CHECKSU H=TOTAL TH
EN 1'8
249 (iOTO 36 9
259 POKE 752,O:lf PEEK(I'S){)6 THEM 36
o
260 ? "' DAT t:! linps verified.":? " .. l nse
rt a blank disk in Drive tH."
270 ? " .. Press ~ to wr i te di S k .~"
Figu re 1 236 IF PEEK C5327if( )6 THE N 780
2'9 POKE 76'),I:POKE 770 L33 : ? " .. for-Matt
The 18x40 dot matrix on the bottom half of the i ng dis k. ":X=U5R(AOR C HL~ )
screen is the Rabbit's "Visible VTOC." Each dot 309 If PEEK C71U OI THEN ? "~ U or.-at e
rror!":? "ReMove write - protec t ta b or"
represents one of the 720 sectors on a standard :? " replace disk.":GOTO 270
ATARI disk. 310 ? ".Writing data.":PO KE 770,37:POK
E 77'),0:8UfFER=ADRCBUF$ )
Put the disk you want to copy into drive # 1 320 FOR SEC10R=1 TO 6
and press the START key. The drive will begin 310 POKE 778,5ECTOR : POkE 773 , I NTC8UfFE
spinning and you will hear the familiar beep~beep~ R'2561:POkE 772,BUfFER - (2S6*PEEKC773))
: H=USR CADRC ML$l)
beep of sectors being read into memory. As each 340 8UfFER=8UFfER+128:NEMT SECTOR
sector is read, the corresponding dot in the Visible 350 .., ",,"Rabbit disk oka!,l . ":END
368'" "Bad dat a itt line (;3";lINE:lI5T l
VTOC will change to a different character: HlE:E ND
o indicates a data sector 37 0 DAT ~ 104,76 , 83,228
3 80 RE M * "'l DCTO
o indicates an empty sector 1990 DATA 0,6,128,4 ,ll 4,(,16',0, 1 68,14
5,'4,32,77,6,165,106,201 . 1,) 2,176,12~ 16
? indicates an unreadable sector. ',158,133,134,16',2582
The Rabbit will beep aga in when his memory 1910 DATA 6,32,131.6,76,157,4,162,0,14
buffer is full. Remove the source d isk, insert a blank 2,198,2,134,12',134.131,142,68,7,232,1
3 4 ,128,134,130,134,5130
copy disk and press START. You r copy disk will be 1820 DATA ',142.1, 3, 134 , 14(,24,165,88,
fo rmatted and the source data will be written out, 105,23',133 , 136.133,138.165.89 ,105.0,1
33,137,133,13,),32,77,7734
one sector at a time. Each written sector will change 1030 DATA 6,16',1' 2,133,13 4 ,1 6',6.3 7. ,t
its corresponding dot in the VTOC to an inverse dot 31,6,2(,165,88,105,122,133,1(0.14(,2,2
30,141,230,136,208,2,10584
character. Note that the Rabbit always uses the wr i te~ 1040 DATA 230 . 13',162.2,160,0,16',14,1
wit h ~ver i fy fu nction of the 810 disk drive. It's slower 45,138,206,1'2,248,208,249 ,2 4, 165 ,138.
185,240,133,138,144 . 2,23 0,1(151
than writing without verify, but more rel iable. 1850 DATA 13'.202,16,231,32 ,1 43,6, 2 4 ,1
The prompt "Insert source disk, press START" 65,136,191,128,1 33.136 ,165, 137 ,101,12'
,133,13',16',226,133,134,16',17380
will re~appear at the end of the first read/write pass. 1868 DA1~ 6,32,131,6,32,'1,6,16',82,14
Repeat the procedure outlined above. At the end of 1,2,3,165,1 78 ,141,10,3,165,12',141,11 ,
3,32,83 , 228.1'370
the final read/wr ite pass, the Rabbit will offer to 1970 DATA 173,3,3.16,4,169.31,108,15 , 1
make another copy. Press START to re~r un the 60,127,177,132, 708,7 , 136,16,24'.16',16
,29 8 ,2, 1 6'.176,133,21'79
Rabbit or press OPTION to boot the copy d isk. 1680 DATA 143,160,0 , 132.77,145 ,13 8,230
Empty and! or unreadable source sectors do not ,138,208,2,23B,ll',230,12B,208,2,130,1
2',165,129.201,2,208,6,2535'
take up any memo ry in the Rabbit's disk buffer. So if 1090 OATA 165,128, 201,20 9,2 40 , 31,165,1
43, 2 81,128, 208, 181 ,2 4,17 3~4,3,105,128,
the source disk has lots of empty or bad sectors, the 1(1,4,3,133,132,173.5,28387
Rabbit may be able to duplicate the whole thing with 1180 DATA 3,105,0,141,5,3,133,133,201,
a Single read/wr ite pass. In any case, it will never take 188 L 288,156,24 L I65.136,191,130,133,138
,16~,137,191.1s1,133,13' ,3 12'6
more than two swaps to copy an entire disk. 0 1110 DATA 16',4,133,134.16',7,12,ll1 , 6
,32 ,'1,6,1'8 , 144,208 , 32.32,66,6,16',33
, 141,2,3,32,33276
1120 D~ T ~ 81,226,173,3,3,201,1,240,14.
L isti n g l. 16',72,133.134,16'.7,32 , 131,6,32 , ' 1.6 ,
2(0,224,32,143,35843
188 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1130 DATA 6,16',87,1 4 1,2,3,165 ,13 8,141
119 REM * SL ACK RAB8IT 2.8 MAKER * ,18,3,165,131,141,11,3,160,0,132,77,17
120 RE M
110 REM *
*
BY 8RlAM MORIAR1V
ANALOG COMPENDIUM U.l
•
•
7,138,133,143,281,38312
1140 DATA 128,298,5,12,61,228 , 4B,251,1
140 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••• • ••• 6'.1(2 , 169,9,145,138,230,138,298 ,2,2 39
159 REM ,IJ',238,130,288,2,230,417'6
160 CLR :DIM BUf$(7681 .Ht$(() :fOR 1 = 1 1150 D~T4 131,165,131,191,2, 2 08,6,165,
TO 4:REAO 8V1E:ML$CI) =CHR$CBVTE) : NEXT 138,281 ,7 9',240 ,3 8,165,143,201 ,12 8 ,2 68
I: POKE 752,1 ,1'3,24,173 , 4,l,105,128,450,0

v
 VOL . 1 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 71

1168 DATA 141 , 4 ,3,173,5,3,185,8,141,5 , 1281 Sl'CTHI • $1318

3, 281,188,288,172,76, 1,5 , 16', 38. 133, 13 1m ImTAT . . .lE8
4 , 1 6',7,32, 4 7286 1311 OISl(IO • m53
1170 DO TO 131 , 6,173,31,288,281,6,240,1
8,201,3, 2 08 ,2 45 ,32,123,6,76 ,11',228 ,32 1311 i
,123 ,6 , 76,160, 4,4'8 5 4 .321 i Olsk: hndl,r c..unds
1180 DOTA 16' , 0,141,4 , 3 , 16,,4 ,1 41 , 5 , 3,
'6,24,165,88 ,1 85 , 4 2, 133, 148 , 165,8',185
,8 ,111,1 41,'6,52015
ml i£Ao.
8351 WRITE •
m
m
11 '8 DATA 16'.100 , 141,8,218.16',178,14 8361 F~T = S21
1 ,1,210,16',8, 13 3,2 8 , 165 ,28,281,1 5,288 1371 j
,250,16',0,1 41 ,1,210,55828 8381 i I'hsc. srst .. ,qu.bs
1280 DATA 171,31,288 ,281 , 6,288,24',173 8391 •
,31.288,281,7,288,2 4' ,'6,133,135, 168, 3
3,1 77,13 4,145 ,148,13 6 ,16,5 8486 I~II 1oL0ST • '12~~
1218 D~lO 24' , '6,16' , 1 28,133,132 ,14 1, 4 8~11 IIODI' • m
,1,16' , 7,133,133, 141 ,5,3 ,'6 , 58 , 181,18' 1421 SI>.I<SC • '58
,111,116,101,8,",68'17 1~31 COlDll2 • '12C6
1228 DOTA ' 7, 114,116 , 114 ,1 05 , 100,103,1 8~~1 11._ • '5E
01,27 , 0,114,10 1, 113,117,105,114,101,11 1~51 CONSDl • 'DiIF
5,8,28,24 , 4 3,0,50,13.6284 4 8~61 _IF • '61\
1230 DOTO 45,16 2,2 36 ,22 5,227,235,126,1 8471 AlIOFI •• 0288
78,225,226,226,233,244 , 128 , 146,142 , 144 8~81 AUOCI • • 0281
,8 ,'8, 121 ,8,34,11 4,105,'7 ,665 63
1240 DATA 118,8,45,111,114,105,'7,114, 1~91 I!TCLll< • "4
116,121,41,110 ,1 15,181,114,116,8,51,47 8511 ATRACT = S40
,5J,50,35,37,8.180,68466 1511 COlOS!!' SE477
1250 DATA 185 , 115,107,12,0 , 112,11 4 ,181 8528 i
,115 , 115,8,17,,180,161 ,1 78,1 68,0,8 , 0 . 4 .531 i Inttrul progr. ,~u.tts
1,118,115 , 181.114,116,78837
1 2 60 DATO 8,35,47,48,57,8 , 188,185,115,
187,12,8, 11 2, 114 , 181,115 , 115 , 0,1 7 ',189
:~: iTcrrAi. •• 81
,161,178,180 , 0,0,728'8 8561 IITDTAI. • ' 82
1270 DATA 8 , 0 ,8, 17' , 180 ,161,178, 188,8, 1571 IIPOIIIT • '84
116,111,8,114,181,13,114,117,110,12,8, 8581 Pf'D11IT •• 86
175,176,160,16' ,175,75 45' 1591 st!I£EN • '81
1288 DATa 174,8,116 , 111,8,'8,111,111,1 1611 VlOC' 'I!A
LINE:: sse
- 16 , 0,8,8 ,5 8,181 ,1 12,1 88 , '7.",181,8,'8
, ' 7, 188,8 ,3 5, 772' 4
12'0 DATA 4 7, 48, 57 ,8,188,185,115,187,1
2,8,112, 114 ,1 01 ,115, 11 5, 8 , 17',180 , 161 ,
178,180 ,8,8 ,8,8 . 7'320
8611
8621
8631
8~1
S/IJfI • 'BE
S8YlE •• SF
FFlAG ••98
1651 j
8661 j C~.rilcttrs for ·V isi bl, VTOC·
• 8671 •
86a1 Dar· m
C H EC KSU M DATA 8691 MTA:: S88
(See pgs. 7~1O) 1718 &\0 = SIF
8711 WRITIEN • 'BE
180 DATA 53'.353 , 257,477,551.8'. 8'8, 13 8721 NDTHII*' • SIB
3,283, 432 ,225,174,8 37,123, 71',68'8 873i ;
256 DATA '1',811, 2 16 , 854,128,274,351,7
89,5'7,782 , '05 ,252,816, 484 ,37,61 2 6 8741 i "'-or r usag'
1810 DATA 166 , 300,386, 806, 1 48,586 , 481, 8751 .
553, 68' , '46,564,821,75 , 55',785,7787 1761 DuHHY •• 1418 O_y buH,r
1160 DOTa 357,8 4 , 666,352,37 , 172,2'4,8' 8771 ORIGIN' .8481 Prograa shrt
8,262,57 3, '3',284,656,"3 , 647' 8781 8IIFFER ••8781 O.h bufftr
179l
• 1811
8811 j
t= ORIGIN
8821 i 6 brhs to control boot-up
8831
884. .BYTE Si8 1S86.J I boot stels
Listing 2 . 1851 .BYTE ORlbUI<L05.I!IGIIV256
8861 .BYTE ElfTI!Y&255 ,",I!Y/ 256
1111 i fttfHttnUUttttlt1t
1111 j f Blut Ribb lt 2.' f l:ll iNm
1898
1121 j ffffft.ffff·f.ffffffftf
11 31 , 1981
8m
1141 : HlghSPffd Stetor coplfr LM ..
1151 i for s lngl,-dr luf srst ..s 8921
II .. ; 1931 TAY
81 71 j br 8r1.n Hor ' irty 19~1 STA (OlMDR) I Y i 1011 cursor
1181 ; tMlOO CtRp,ndilII Vol., 1 1951 JSR TlIPllhl:
1191 8961 i
8211 j OS dllit ~I.nd',r ,qUittS '97' j Chrck for 481( !Wi
1m • 8981
1221 DEwIll • mil 1998 LM _IF
8231 OCIlNl . . . 382 1111 Of> nee j Ice = ~BK
8248 DSTATS = IIlt3 liII 8CS _IT j ) M=4BK
1121 •
I~ DBUfLO • "384 183' ; Print !Wi wirning
8261 D8UFHI ... 385 II~I
8271 Sl'J:TL0 • 'llIA
PAGE 72 THE A. N.A.L.O .G . COMPEND IUM VOL . 1

liSt LM _UNG&2S5 1821 !ICC 1m

1161 STA PPOINT 1831 It«: VlOC'1
1171 LM _UNGl250 18~1_
1181 JSR HESSA6E 1851 !lEX
1191 • 1868 8Pl lOOPI
1111 IREEZE IS7. ;
III' ... FREEZE i Infinitt ICIOII 1881 i 111111111111111111
1121 j 1m ; I READ Routinp I
1131 j 11 ...111 •••• 1.11, ... 191. ; IIlHfffl.ffllHff
114. i . Inltilli u!VII I 1911 L __
1151 i ...llff"."""f ... 1921 """'"
lin ~IT
1181 •
1931 i
194'
1951
; Rfset bufhr iddr pointfrs
•
1191 ; In itiiliu i~ortillt t~ i ngs 1961 ' JSR REPOINT
1211 • 197' j
1211 ' LOX II j Bilek 1981 ; Upditf vroc po intfr
1221 STX ctlOiZ j SiCkground 19'/1 •
1231 STX RTaTAlH i CI.if' HS8 2111 ' a.C
124. STX WTOTAl+J ; Ditto 2111 LM SCREEN
1251 STX ro..DST i Coldshrt fhg 2121 AOC RTOTAl
1261 I~ • X= I 2131 STA VlOC
1271 STX RTOTAL ;LSB 2I~1 LM SCREENfi
1291 STX WTOTAl j Ditto 2151 AOC RTOTAl'1
1291 STX SOOT? j Boot f I.lg 216. STA VTOCt!
Ill. STX [)E\..NJi i OrIU, 11 2171 i .
1311 STX FFlAG j FONtit rub l. 2181 j Pr I nt READ prcap t
1321 i . 2191 •
1331 j S!tup VTOC scrttn pOlntrr 211. ' lM IRPR!I1I'T&2S5
134' j 2111 STA PPOINT
1351 a.e 2121 lM IRP!iQ1I'T12S6
1361 LOA SIMiSC i AdIt- of scrun 2131 JSR HESSAGE
137' AOC 1239 j 6 I inn daMI 214' j
1381 STA SCREEN 215. JSR \MIT i START b y
1391 STA VlOC 2161 .
1411 LOA SMGCH 217.' LM.RfAO
I~II AOC " 2181 STA DCtJtID j S.t READ IIOdt
1421 STA SCREENf! 2191 j
1431 STA VTOCti 221. j 111.111111111' •• ' ...I.f.
144. i 2211 j . Shrt of READ loop •
14" i Pr int lith 222. i f".I.llf.IIIIIIII.III.f
1~6I • 2231 •
1471' JSR TlJIllhl: 2241 ALOOP
1481 lM ITlTlE>2S5 2251 j
1491 STA PPOINT 2241 i Upditt stctor •
1511 lM ITlTlEl2S6 2271 ;
1518 JSR I1ESSAGE 2281 l M RTOTAl
1521 j 2291 STA SECTlO
1'3' i R.srt scrtrn pOlntfr 2311 LM RTOTAltl
1541 i 2311 STA SECTHI
1551 a.e 2328
1561 lM SA\I1SC 2331 JSR DI SKIO j FItch stctor
1571 AOC 1122 j X=2, Y=3 234. LOA OSTATS i Chpck Sti tUS
ISSI STA litE 2351 8PI.. SECSTAT ; Brillch If ohy
1591 !ICC OOOOTS 2361 lM IIWl
1611 It«: lItE+l 2371 It£ SHWSTAT
1611 j nat j
1621 ; Init VTOC dlsphy • .ltri x 239' ; Chtck Stetor dih for shtus
2m·
1m iooors
1651 It«: VlOC
2418 !fesTAT
2~21 lOY KIF
1661 lIE ~TRI X 2~3I i£XTSYTE
167' It«: VTOCti 2441 lOA (BPOINT ) ,Y
1681 ~TRI X 2~SI It£ MTAIO
1691 lOX 12 2461 DEY
1718 lOOPI 2~78 8Pl NEXTSYTE
1711 l OY 18 2481 lM INOTHING
In! lM lOOT 2491 It£ SHWSTAT
1731 lOOP2 2511 MTAID
174. STA CIJTOC),Y 2518 lM IMTA
1751 It« 2528 SHWSTAT
1761 CI'Y 1248 2531 STA SSYTE
1771 IN: UXPZ ~I lOY ..
17118 a.e 255. STY ATW i Attrict oH
1798 lM VlOC 2561 STA WTOC) , Y
1811 AOC 1148 2578 ;
1811 STA VlOC 25S1 i Updatr VTOC iddr pOlnttr
2598 ;
~ V•..:O:::L:::....:'_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~TH~E.:A:::.N::..~A:::.L:.:.:::O,::
. G::.c.,:C:::O::M::::..P::.EN::.::D:2'U:,:M::...-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _--.:P,:::A.:::G:.:Ec.,:7:::3

1611 1M: VlOC 3388 j ChfCk for okay fOr'llat

1611 IN' III'COIIfT 3391 ;
1611 1M: VlOC'1 3411 LOA OsrATS
1631 IJ'CIII/fI 3411 CMP II
1641 INC RTOTAI. 3411 seG HIlf!!l1
1651 IN' S£CTIW( 3431 .
1661 1M: RTOTALIi 344' ; Pr int bad forllat warning
267. ; 345. j
268. i End of di'ik? 3461 LOA 1_0,",155
1691 • 3471 STA PPOIHT
2711 SEc_ 3481 LOA I_ORHIT,i6
1711 L~ RTOTAL Ii 3491 JSR MESSAGE
1711 CMP 1$11 :r.ill JSR IM\JT
2731 IN' ~TACHECI< 3511 BEG EPASE
1741 L~ RTOTAL 3521 j
1751 CMP HOI :r.i31 1«JF!!I1
1761 IIEG "RITER
277. j ~~I; JSR REPOINT j RfSl.'t pntr ..
278. ; ChfCk for ddi sfetor 3561 :
2791 . :r.i71 LOA IWRITE
1811 MTACIECK 3581 STA OeONNO ; WRITE contand
1811 LJ» SBYlE 3591 ;
1811 CMP I~TA 3611 j ttf"UUffllUUtUfftfl
1831 IN' RLOOP 3611 ; I Start of W5!ITE loop f
1841 . 3628 ; IUUU"I"llIlIlIflllll
2851 ; Add 128 to buff." poinhrs 3631 .
1861 . 3648 ~OOP
2878 ' CLC 3658 j
1881 LOA OSlFLG 3661 i Update utor ,
2891 AD( H88 3671 .
1911 srA OSlFLO 3681 1 LM WHITAl
2911 STA BPOIHT 3691 STA SECTlO
1911 LOA OSlFHI 3711 lM IITOTAl+ 1
293. AD( Ii 3711 srA SECTHI
ml srA OSlFHI 3728 1
1951 STA BPOIHTtl 3738 ; Get status of nut rud
1961 : 3741
2978 j ChfCk if bufhr fu I I 3751 LDY ..
2981 j 3761 STY ATPACT
1991 CMP Hac i Top of buffer? 3771 lM <VTOC) , Y
3811 IN' RLOOP : No; kup going 3788 srA S8YlE
3811 3791 •
3'28 j IIUlltlfffttfllttf 3891 ; Branch depending on status
3838 j" WRITE Rout In. t 3811 ;
3148 j IIlffllUlfllUUU 3811 CMP 100TA
3851 • 3831 IH SKIPS£CT ; If no data
3861 WRITER 3841 •
3871 .
3988 ; Init VTOC pOinter
31151 MITE
386' JSR OISKIO ; llri1e Sfctor
3198 j 3871 It1I OWRITE
3111 CLC 31188 •
3111 LOA SCREEN 3a91 ; 01 splay I«' i h shtus
3111
3131
31 41
AD( I/TOTAL
srA VlOC
LOA SCREENt!
m:
3911
iKIPSEC'T
LOA IWRmEN
3151 AOC WT(JTAI. tl 3931 LOY II
3161 STA VTOC+I 3948 STA (VTOC) ,Y
3171 : 3958 :
3188 ; Print ~RITE prDlpt 3968 ; Update VTOC, WTOTAL
3191 : 3971 ;
3111 L~ IWPRf.I1PT&155 39111 Ill: VlOC
3218 STA PPOINT 3991 H WRlP
3221 lM IWPR(I1PT1256 c18U Ut; VTOCtl
3138 JSR MESfl\GE 4811 WRUP
3141 • 482. INC IITOTAl
3258' JSR WAIT j START k.y 4831 IN' "SECTIW(
3261 j 4148 INC I/TOTAL'I
3171 DEC FFLA6 485. WSECTWIX
3281 H NOfOll1 i Sk i P I f Pass 2 4861 LOA I/TOTAL'I
3291 j . 4871 CMP 1$11
331. ; For.at dl'it 4888 8NE 8UFlOOK
3'.111 • 4891 LOA I/TOTAL
3'.118 iPASE 4111 CHI' HOI
3338 JSR OUHPOINT j bufftr addr 4111 BEO FINISHED
3341 LOA IfORNAT 4121 ;
3351 STA DCtItlD j foraat (lind 4131 : Should bu~ftr addr bf upd.ttd?
3361 JSR 015l<IG : 00 i t' 4141 ;
3371 j
 PAGE 74 THE A.N .A.L.O.G . COMPENDIUM VOL . 1

4151 IlUfLOO< 4921 BEEP

416. LDA SBYTE 4938 LM RTIl.DI<
4171 CHP IDATA ; UIId<1b buhdr? 4948 Of' 115 i 1/ 4 s.c
4181 IN' IIlIO' : No: nut Sfet .951 IN' BEEP
4191 , .9;1 LOA 18
4211 ; Updilt. bufi.r ilddr,SS 4971 STA AUDeI ; SII.n,, 1
4211 , 4988 j
4221 ClC 4998 j Ch.ek kry
LOA DBlFlO
~l: hOlT
4231
ml ADC H88
4251 ST. D8lFLO 5121 LM CIIlSDl
4261 LOA DBlFHl 5131 1M' 16
427' AOC II 5841 IH HOLDlT j Pr.ss.d'
41St ST. DBlFHI 5e51 LmO
429t ; 5161 LM CIJ<SOl
4381: 9t1fhr ~tI \ J? 517. 01P 17
4311 ; 5181 IH LETGO ; Till rr Ius.d
4321 ill.BlF 5<191 I1TS
4331 1M' Hac 5188 ;
4341 ~E 1Il00P 5111 i Print t.xt .,sS<19's
4351 Jtf RfADER ; Nut pus 5121 '
4361 : 513i HESSAGE
4371 ; Ifllllffillfllill 5141 ST. PP01NT'1
4388 j fEnd routinf I 5151 LOY 133
439t ; III IUIUUIIIIII 5161 NEXTPRINT
4411 ' 517. LDA (Pf'{)INTJ,Y
4411 iJN1SlED 511t ST. (llNE I ,Y
4421 LM '_LETEo255 5191 DEY
443' ST. PPD1NT 5211 BPI. NEXTPRINT
4441 LM 'CIJtPl£TEl256 5211 I1TS
4451 J5R NE~6E 5221 j
4461 DECIDE 5238 ; s.t buffpr pOinters
4471 LM CIl<SIIl 5241 '
4491 CHP 16 ; START pnss? 5251 REPOINT
.491 BED RERUN 5201 LM IBUFfEIl>255
4511 ()iP 13 ; OPTI~' 5271 ST. BPOINT
4511 IN' DECIDE 5211 ST. DBUFLO
4521 JSR L£TGO 5291 LM IBIHERl250
4538 J1P C!l.DSV ; Cold boot 5311 ST. iP01NT' I
4541 RERIt/ 5311 ST. DBlFHl
4551 JSR lEToo 5321 I1TS
4561 JHP RABBIT ; R.-run R~bblt 5331 j
457' j 5348 ; Iffflllllllllll'I'1
459B j 111111·11111111111 5358 i f MtSSilgf tuts I
459t : I Subroutln.s I 53~ ; IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIU ..
4618 ; 11.111111.111111·1 537B ;
4618 ; 5381 IOlRHlt«;
4628 ; POint to dlIRy buff.r 5391 .S8'YT£ 'R.IO'J' urtrllSgfi r'OUlr.s 4BK IWI'
4,31 ' 5418 '
,,41 OO1PD1NT 5411 ilTlE
"51 LM IDlIflYl255 5428 .S8'YT£ '81<1Ck R,Jbbit 2.1 by Brlin Horiilrty '
.,,1 ST. DBUFLO 5431 L
,,71 LM IDlIflY / 250 5448 "",«INP!
4.81 ST. DBlFHl 5458 .S8YlE 'Ins.rt 5O..RCE disk, pr.ss START
4691 I1TS 5401 '
4711 j 5471 ilPROI1P1
4711 i POint to t09 ser .. n lin. 5481 .S8YTE 'J ns.r t aFt di sk, prfSS STARl
4721 ' 5491 '
473! iDPlltE 5511 CoNPLETE
4741 ClC 5518 .S8YTE 'START to r.-run, OPT1CH to beot
4751 LM 5A'.!tSt 5528 :
476' AOC 142 i X=2, y=\ 5531 MDfOll<
4771 ST. LINE 5548 .SBYTE 'Repl<1" bad COPY diSk, prtSS START'
4798 LDA SAl.t1SC+l 5558
4798 ADC 18 5501 ,END
481. STA LJtEtl
4811
4821 i
I1TS
•
4831 i Brrp <1nd M<11 t for STAAT try
4848 '
4851 4<.lT
486. LOA Illi ; fr.q = Iii
4871 STA AUDfI
4881 LDA HAA j D Ir V = II
4891 ST•• UOCI
4911 LM II
4911 STA RTClOK ; Clf<1r (ount
 VOL. 1 TH E A.N.A. L. O.G. COMPEN DI UM PAGE 75

DISKTOOL REV.3

32 K D isk
b y Ton y Messina

Disk Too l is designed to work with an ATARI 720 sectors (numbered from O~ 719) on each diskette
400/800/ 1200 with at least 32K of memory and up after it is formatted by the Disk Operating System.
to 4 single·density disk drives. The key is SINGLE Th e sectors arc laid out in what arc known as tracks.
d,ns;ty. PERCOM, RANA, MICRO- There arc 40 tracks per diskette, each containing 18
MAINFRAME and othe r dou.ble density drives can sectors. To clarify the last twO statements, I have my
run D is k Tool, but only in the single·density mode. patented "formatted diskettes are like onions" dog
Sorry, but Dis k Tool was designed and written back and pony show. Next time you cut an onion in half
in the olden days SO (before double density). and (when you make onion rings, mushrooms and
would require a complete overhaul in every aspeC[. onions, etc.), lop off a hunk in the middle abom
Disk Tool hi stor y. 1/ 4 inch wide. Now turn the onion so that the big
My need for a disk utility made its appearance round part faces you. Each individual ring of that
shortly after my disk drive arrived in March, 1981. I onion is exactly similar to a track on the diskette. Go
was plagued with disk link errors and crashed files all ahead, pull off the outer ring. Now, if you cut that
over the place. To put it mildly, "Boy, was I really ring into 18 equal pieces, each piece wou ld repre-
mad!" It was then 1 decided to write a program that sent a sector. The outer ring is track O. As you move
inward, the next ring is track 1 and so forth until you
- would allow me to access any sector on the disk. To
make a long story short, I gOt a copy of the DOS I
source listing and ATARI Tech Manual. I then
reach track 39. Each track would contain 18 sectors.
Track 0 contains sectors o~ 17, track 1 has sectors 18~
35, etc.
locked myself in the den and proceeded to work. 50
gallons of coffee, twO powe r outages and 5 bill ion Now yOll have an idea of how a diskette is organ~
phone calls co ATARI later, I emerged victorious. I ized. Disk Too l is designed to work at the sector
had actually managed to READ and WR ITE to a level. Although there arc 720 sectors on each
disk sector without usi ng the File Management diskette, not all secto rs are available to you, the user.
System (FMS) or Utility Code in OOS 1. Yaaayy!! You 've just formatted a diskette. Ahhh, the feeling
When DOS 2 arrived on the scene, I converted the of power, 720 sectors to Store all of your programs.
Tool. Some letter I had received prompted me to You hit the A OPTION in DOS (jUSt to see that
organize the Tool and publish it as a 2~part article in magic number 719). Upon hitting RETURN, the
A.N.A. L.O.G. Compu t ing. Response to the pro~ number 707 appears when using DOS 2 and 709
gram and the article was outrageous. When A .N . A. ~ appears when using DOS I . What! What happened?
L .a.G. editor Lee Pappas mumbled something Well. it's quite simple, friends. Although there are
about a Compen di um , I saw the opportunity not 720 sectors, only 707 are available for your use with
only to improve the article and documentation, but DOS 2 and 709 secto rs with DOS 1. The other
also the method by which I could include the most sectors arc reserved for use by DOS. The disk dir<~c ~
requested enhancements to the Tool. So here it is, tory stea ls 8 sectors sta rting at sector 361 and
everything you ever wanted to know about disk running to 368. One sector (360) is allocated for the
structures and D isk Tool. And away we go ... VTOC (Volume Table of Contents, pronounced
"Vee~Talk "). The boot portion of FMS also
Disk sec to r stru cture . occupies 3 secto rs (1,2,3) for DOS 2, only 1 sector
The ATARI 810 disk drive, in conjunction with fo r DOS I. That's what happened to your 12 missing
the File Management System (FMS), o rganizes data sectors for DOS 2 and to missing sectors for DOS I ,
on a diskette into blocks called sectors. There are so don't be ahumed.
PAG E 76 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COM PE NDIUM VOL. 1

With that out of the way, it's time to discuss the Notice (hat the lower two bits of byte 125 and all
different types of sectors. Yes, I know it soundscon~ of byte 126 combined point [0 the next physical
fusing ... after all, isn't a sector a sector? The answer sector of this file . A zero(O) indicates that this is the
is yes. Each sector is capable of holding 128 bytes of last sector of a file.
data. The manner in which the data is structured on a One variation in data sector fo rmat occurs when
sector is dependent on a pa rticula r sector's purpose the Binary Save option is used to save an area of
or type. I like to define sectors as being of 4 types: memory to the d isk. The variation occurs with the
I .) D ata Sec to r : Con ta ining program first 6 bytes of the first sector of the binar y file.
information, text files, etc. Those 6 bytes are commonly referred to as the
2.) Boot Secto r : Containing ML program "binary file header." The header is formatted as per
data. Figure 4 .
3.) Direc to r y Sector: Containing program
names and associated data. Byt., 0
2 3 , 5
4.) VTOC Secto r : Secto r conta ining free LS. MS. LS. MS.
count and disk bit map. FF FF Stan Start Eod Eod
Let's take a look at the differences and similarities addr add. addr add r
of each type of sector.
Figure 4 .
Data sec to rs.
If, for example, you answer the Binary Save Prompt
This is the most common type of sector on your
DOS with "MLPROG,0600,065F," then the first 6
disk. Technically, all the sectors are data sectors. I bytes of the first sector of disk storage for this pro~
use this name only to distinguish its format from
gram would look like Figure 5.
othe r types of sectors.
Whenever you use the commands SAVE Byt.,
0 2 3 , 5
"D:XXX", LIST "D:XXX" or invoke the Binary FF FF 00 06 SF 06
Save option from DOS, the actual programs are
Binary file Start addT End add.
wri tte n to the disk in data sector format. The fo rmat definit ion bytes LS B/ MSB LSM / MSB
is quite simple. Bytes O~ 1 24 contain actual p rogram
Figure 5.
data. Bytes 1 25~ 1 27 contain sector identity da ta or
" link da ta. ,. Figure 1 illustrates th is type of format. Binary program sa ve exa mple.

o !H 125 IZ7 Directo r y secto rs.

There are 8 d irectory sectors starti ng at sector 361
Link
125 Bytes of Program Data and running sequentially to sector 368. The
Om
di rectory contains the names of all the programs on
the diskette along with the other information about
Figure 1. the p rogram. Each directory entry uses 16 Bytes.
Data Sector Format. There is enough room to hold 8 program names (and
The link data for DOS 2 is formatted as in Figure associated data) o n 1 secto r. ( 16 Bytes * 8 names +
2 , while li nk data fo r DOS 1 is as per Figure 3. 128 Bytes or 1 sector.) Therefore with 8 sectors
avai lable, we can have (8 sectors *8 names per sec~
Byte 125 Byt~ 1Z6 Byte 127
tor) = 64 possible file names total. On a directory
:,~ ,1,,1,1'1'1'1110
File II 1/ of actual program read, DOS starts at sector 361 and keeps reading
this se<:tor bytts (0-70) In
belongs to this 5«tor sectors until there are no more names. Directory
II I I I I I II entri es have the followi ng fo rma t:
10 Bits
Next KCTor of this me
Figure 2.
D O S 2 link structure .
Byte 125 Byte 126 Byte 127
File /I Sector $l:quence
'.' 0
/
, ...
Oir..: tory Helot
5 12 13 15
this 5«tor 6543210 number
belongs to ()'X '
~ ...
Directory
'U"
Dyt.
I 10 Bns
Next &«tOT of this file
'1he first sector of . file contllins 0, the second ! etc ... the last sector of
a me is unique however. The yalue in Byte 127 will con tain (1/ of actual
...
Stat ..
1
,
fi ..
•
--- ---
5 4 3 "1-- 1__ 0

bytes used + I) + $80 for Ih~ lasl 5«10' of a file.

Figure 3.
'.' -.~

D OS 1 link stru cture. Figure 6 .

 VOl. 1 THE A.N.A. l.O.G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 77

NOTE: Bits set (+ 1) indicate condition listed. Whenever you turn on your computer, a chec k is
Bit 6 se t indicates the file is in use. made to verify if any ca rtridges are present. If a car~
Bits ca n be combined for multi ple sta tus. tridge is present, the ,. Allow Disk Boot Bit" (Bit 0 of
Example: Bits 1,5 and 6 set would mean file was location $BFFD) is checked. If it is zero (as it would
crea ted by DOS 2. it is locked and in use. be if no cartridge were present) then the RO M boot
Here is a quick refe rence to the possible status routine is in voked. This ro utine goes out to sector 1
values. of the d isk, reads in the data contained the re and
$00= File is never used. interprets it. Byte 1 tell s the system how man y
$O I= File ope n fo r ou tput. secto rs to read. Bytes 2 and 3 tell the system where to
$02=File crea ted by DOS 2 (if bit no t set, load the data , and bytes 4- and 5 te ll the system where
assume DOS 1). to sta rt executing the ML program once it is loaded .
$20=File locked. Boot sectors do not have any link data.
$40=File in use. Consequentl y, each booHYpe secto r ca n contain
$80=Enrr y deleted. 128 bytes of program info rmation. 1 said "can"
How does DOS use the info rmation we ha ve di s~ because the last secto r may be a short secror co n ~
c ussed so far! In simple terms, when you type LOAD raining less than 128 bytes. The FMS for DOS 2
" O:XXX" in BAS IC, the FM S opens the directory contains 3 boot sectors worth of program dara, whil e
fo r input, reads in the directory sectors sta rting at the FM S for DOS I has o nly 1 boot sector.
sector 361 and sea rches for a match. If it finds an VTOC secto r stru c tu re o
en try that matches the program name you asked for, Sector 360 contains the VTOC or Volume Table
FMS extracts the starting sector from bytes 3 and 4 o f Contents. The purpose of the VTOC is to keep
of the entry and also the length from bytes 1 and 2. track of which sectors o n the d isk are o r a re not being
FMS then positions the read/ write head of the disk used .
drive at that secto r, reads in the sec to r, extracts the There are basically two important partS of the
link information {to find the nextse<:tor)andchecks VTOC: the mi scel laneous portion (bytes OA) and
to see if this sector actuall y belongs to the file you the secto r use map (a lso called sector bit map) . Bytes
wanted. If it does, then FMS checks to see if this is 0 -4 are used as follows:
the last sector to load. (Remember, the next sector to
load is in the link bytes.) FMS keeps load ing until the By te O= Use byte (2 fo r DOS 2, I fo r DOS
next sector to load is 0. I ).
If, during this process, the file number of the By tes & 2 = Total II o f sectors (LO/ H I
sector just loaded does not match the o ne you are format).
looking fo r, a file number mismatch erro r (# 164) Bytes 3 & 4= Free sector count (LO/ HI
occurs. This usually means that eithe r the disk link format).
information of the previous sector was incorrect, o r
possibly the link data of the cu rrent sector is The sector use map begi ns at byte $OA and runs to
incorrect . We'll discuss how to fix this later. byte $63. Each bit of each bYH.' represents o ne sectOr
Boo t sec to rs. on the disk. If the bit is ze ro. then tha t sector is being
I use the term " boot sector format" when referr ~ used. If the bit is 1. then that sector is available fo r
ing to files which start at secto r I and run free. Bit 7 of by te $OA represents sector 0, which
contiguo usly to sector X, where secto r X is the does not exist (sec experiment 5 fo r explanation). Bit
ending sector. These files d o no t need any language 6 of byte $OA represents sector 1, etc., all the way
ca rtridges or DOS. They are completely self~ down to bi t 1 of byte $63 which represents secto r
contained programs which load and execute upon 719. Use D isk Tool to exam ine the ma ps of yo ur
powering up the compu ter. Do not con fu se these own d iskettes.
with AUTO R UN.SYS files.
Remember the heade r bytes for bi nary files sa ved Well, that about wraps up our disc ussion on d isk
using the Binary Save Option of DOS? Well, boot data structures. I reali ze I 'w clobbe red you with
sectors have a si milar struct ure. Sector I of the disk man y new concepts and material. The best way to
contains the magic header infor mation wh ich is digest this information is to use the Disk Tool
structured as per Figu re 7. experiments which follow.
Byte 0
2 J , s
Disk Tool srrUCfure.
Yo u may have noticed that Disk Tool consists of 3
o bv iI of LSB MSB LSB MSB programs: an AUT O RUN.SYS creator program, a
[radltion se<:tors Co.d Lood Inil aJdr Ini[ addr
mlnad addr addr
machine language loauer and the actual BAS IC code.
Why 3~ Wdl, the original intent was to make Di sk
Tool fit into a 16K disk system. That was whe n the
f igu re 7. Tool was sma ll. Now it's so huge that it won't all fit,
PAGE 78 TH E A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1
u

so I kept it at three programs. Di sk Tool sees itself up Usin g Di sk Tool (fin a ll y! ) .

as follows: I know eve ryone has Disk T o ol running. (Those
I.) Prmect 3000 bytes of low cnd memory of you who don't keep trying.) The first thing you
and d isable the break key (via AUTORUN. will see is the Command Menu and a "COMMAND
SYS); OR SECT OR NUMBER" prompt. To examine any v
2.) Load the ML portion of Di sk T ool into sector, just type in the number and hit RETURN.
the protected area, and load the Disk Tool Only sectors 1-720 can be exam ined. Any numbe r
BASIC program: < 1 or > 720 will generate an e rror message. Sec tor
3.) Execute Disk Tool from BASIC. numbers can be entered in either decimal or hex (if
Since I believe it is more important to know how preceded by a $). Let's try it out. Put in any of your
to use this utility, I won't get into a Jong~\Vinded program diskettes.
dissertation abollt how it works (as I haven't been
Ex per ime nt # 1:
long~\Vinded already in this article). If you study the
Look at Directo r y Se cto r.
listings along with the documentation, you should be
Answer the prompt with 361 and hit RETURN.
able to get a very good understanding of what is going
You will see the fi rst sector of the di rectory. Com- v
on.
pare each entry with the format of Figure S. Once
W a rnings. you feel comfortable with the format of the direc-
Di s k Too l will happily allow you to wipe out your tory, move on to the next experiment.
directory, the VTOC, DOS boot seCCOrs or any Experiment #2 :
other sector on your disk. It wilt ask you to veri fy
Look at Formatted Dire ctory Output
prior to writing, but once a sec tor has been writte n , it
with " 0 " C ommand.
may be too late. You don' t need to be an advanced
Answe r the COMMAND OR SEC T OR
systems programmer to use Di sk Tool - only a
NUMBER prompt with a D and h it RETU R N. A
careful p rogrammer. It is suggested that you read the
for ma tted display should appear. All numbe rs
descriptions of each fu nction as p resented, and then
appea r in hex notation. T his option d ispla ys 2
perform all of the expe riments in order to become
sectors worth of directory data (16 p rogra m names).
familiar with Di sk T ool and its capabilities.
The sector n umbe r is the actual secto r at which that
OK, warni ngs are behind us. Let's move o n .
d irectory en tr y resides. FI LENAME is self-
Getting things toge th e r. explanatory. STA RT is the (irst disk sector wh ich
The first thing to do is to get a new disk ene, format contai ns data pertai ning to that program. LEN is the
it and wri te out DOS 2 to the dis kette. Type the list- length o r num be r of sectors that file contains. FIL# is
ings in orde r from p rogram 1 to 3. SAVE t he t hree the entry number in the directory for tha t fil e; and
programs to your new disk. Suggested fi lenames ST AT is the fi le stat us in h uman readable form
where:
follow:
I. ) AUTOR U N .S YS mak e , -MAK· *= Fi le locked.
AUTO.UTL U= in use.
2.) ML loadc< -DSKTOOL.PTI D=Fi le has been deleted.
3.) O;,k Tool BASIC-OSK TOOL.PTZ I=File created by DOS 1.
These are o nly suggestions. If you decide to 2=created by DOS 2.
re name t he BAS IC Dis k Too l por tion, you must To examine more directory sec tors, h it "+" and
change the RUN command in the ML Loade r so that p ress RETU R N. The new sectors will appear. To
you don't get a file not found error. Run rhe AUTO- abort the di rectory format, just h it RETURN and
RUN.SYS maker first so it can create the AUTO- our fr iend "COMMAND OR SECTOR
RUN.SYS file. Powe r down, power up with t he same NUMBER" will appear.
disk and type RUN "D:DSKTOOL. PT 1." Experime nt #3:
A n o te o n t y ping . Trace / Examine a File.
The program listings for Dis k T oo l are fairly large Now find a file you want to examine from the
(that'S an understatemcnr). Suffice it ro say if any directory listing. (Try one other than DOS.SYS or
data is miSSing or erroneously typed in , the Too l will DUP.SYS.) Find the start sector number for that file
not work correctly. [ suggest that you purchase the under the START column. Since the srarr numbe r is
disk version of this Com/>entlillm. You'll not only in hex, type $ followed by the number. You don't
save yourself hours of typing, but you will be assured need to type in leading zeros. If the start number was
that all programs will work correctly. I have spent OOBF, then type $BF, for OICD type $ICD, etc.
over 200 hours debugging, testing and ensuring that Then hit RETURN. The sector will appear in
the listings presented here are exact duplicates of my HEX; ATASCil (ormat along with the sector num-
working copy o( Di sk Tool. It really does work! And ber, next sector and file information. SECTOR
now back to our regularly scheduled Di sk Tool. NUMBER indicates thecurrentsec tor number being
VO L 1 T HE AN.A.l.O.G. COMPEN DIUM PA G E 79

d isplayed. NEXT SECTOR points to the nextscctor sectors 1~ 720. Some soft ware develope rs have taken
containing data for this file. FILE NUMBER is the advantage of this useful q uirk to p rotect their d isks.
file n umber to which th is sector belongs. T he nex t So don't write to 720 if so mething was there. If all
sector does not have to be the current sec tor numbe r was OK and you did Experime nt #4. hit RETU R N.
+ I (more on this later). Now type Wand hit RETURN again. T he screen
When you're ready to look at t he next sector, you will [Urn red and a verify p rompt will appear. Answe r
can enter the numbe r and hit RETURN. If the next Y to the prompt if you are sure you want to write to
sector happens to be the cu rren t sec tor + I, just h it the disk. When the write is complete, the screen will
RET URN or "+" and RETU R N. If you want to turn green again and we' re back to t he COMMAND
look atthe current sector ~ I, type"~" and RETURN. OR SECTOR NUMBER prompt. Recall sector 720
Trace your file, examining the format of the data, etc. JUSt to check what was written.
Remember Figure 1. Try to look atall typcsoffiles: Experim e nt #6 :
Binary, SAVE files, ASCII files, etc., and compa re Trace File with " T " C ommand .
these with the appropriate figu res. W hen you hit the Now that you've traced a file the hard way (if you
end of a file, you ' ll scc that the next sector pointer didn't do Experirtlent #3, then shame on you), we'll
will equal zero.
do it using the T command. Call up the directory and
Experiment # 4 : pick a file (any file). Note the file number in the F1L#
C hange Byte s with " C" C ommand . column. Hit T and RETURN. Ente r the selected file
Call up sec fOr 720 on the disk. If it is all zeroes number (hex or decimal) and hit RETURN. The
then you can use it. If it isn't, type "." and hit computer should be busily grinding away, spewing
RET URN until a sector is displayed with all zeros. out hexiclecimal numbers along with the filename
At the p rompt COMMAND OR SECTOR and start sector. When done, the word END shou ld
NUMBER, type in C and hit RETURN. The screen appear. This function shows you exacdy which
shou ld change fO yellow and a prompt should sectors on the disk the file you selected occupies.
appea r. Move the curso r (CTRL up, down, left, Trace will scream if it encounters any file number
right, arrow, etc.) to the 1st hex value in byte 00 line. mismatch errors or short file errors. A short file
Replace the 00 values with the following: error means that the length of the file in the direc~
tory does not match the number of sectors traced. If
44 49 53 48 54 4F 4F 4C this happens for every file you trace, then a possible
typing error exists in the ML Loader portion of Di s k
Then hit RETU R N. Ma ke sure you overwrite each Tool.
value of 00 and space between each by te. If you have Expe rim e nt # 7 :
done everything correctly, you should see a "secret Se t Drive N umbe r with "S" Command .
message." This straightforward command was a heavily re~
The C function only changes memory locations. quested addition to Disk Tool. At the COMMAND
Nothing has bee n written to the disk. You can only OR SECTOR NUMBER p rompt, type "S" and hit
change one display line at a rime. RETURN must be RETU R N. The current work ing drive number will
hit afte r your hne changes are satisfactory. If you appear as well as a prompt for the new drive number.
wish to change more data on the sector, simply hit C Drive numbers 1~4 will be accepted and processed:
again, make your change, hit RETURN. etc. anything else will produce a RAZZ and an error
Ex perime nt # 4A: message. If you change to a drive that does not exist,
C h a n ge Bytes (ATASC II m e tho d ) . trying to execute a command will again causc the
Follow the p rocedure in Experiment #4. To infamous RAZZ/ e rror message combination.
change bytes, move the cursor over to the hex para~ Ex pe rime nt #8:
meter to change. Hit the space bar to b lank out the Print Scree n with " P" Command .
fi rst pa rameter of the hex number. Now type the Another straightforward command. If you don't
ATASC il ietter or numbe r you want. Continue with have a printer, you may skip to the next experiment.
the rest of the line, always remembering to precede If you do have a printer, then pick a screen which you
the cha racter you want with a space. Hit return and would like a ha rd copy of and answe r the
check your work. COMMAND OR SECTOR NUMBER pcompt
with a "P" and RETURN. The message PRINTING
E xperiment #5: SCREEN will appear and the screen will be dumped.
Writing to Disk with "W" Command. If you fail to turn on your printer or inte rface, you
As I mentioned previously, writing to the disk can will obtain an erro r message.
be dange rous. Be careful! Sector 720 should be safe. You cannOt print the HELP screen as the dump
Why! Well, there is a bug in DOS. DOS can only routine is only set up todump Graphics O. If you t ry
handle sector numbers from 0 to 719. The disk to dump the HELP screen, you will get an IM~
d rive, however, will only accept commands for PROPER SCREEN COND ITION error message.
PAGE 80 TH E A.N.A. L. O.G. COMP EN DIUM VOL. 1

Exper-ime nt #9 : Experiment # 10:

Modify links with t~ M " Command. Recover a del e ted fil e with HR" Co mmand.
The modify links command is very powerful and Recovering a deleted file is no simple task using
one should exercise EXTREME CAUTION in its manual methods. This was the most requested func-
use. Improper use could cause you to destroy the tio n to be added to Disk Tool, so here are the steps. v
integrity of a file or files and is guaranteed to ma ke Find a deleted fil e entry by scanning the directory.
you excla im that famous alJ,American expression Answc< the COMMAND OR SECTOR NUMBER
"Awww jeepers!" if used incorrectly. Since you prompt with R and RETURN. Answer the next
have your experiment disk loaded, it won't matter if prompt with the file number (hex o r decimal) you
we mess up a file and then fix it using the Tool. wa nt to recove r and hit RETURN. Disk Tool will
Find a ni ce, long file on your experiment disk by now be busy recovering the file. It will keep you in~
scanning the di rectory. Aha!, there's onc. OK, go to formed wi th messages as it proceeds. Soon you will
the starting sector of the file (indicated under the see the FILENAME. EXT RECOVERED message.
START column). Manually trace the file for about 4 Magic, huh? Now, before you go scrambling for
or 5 sectors and stop. REMEMBER thi s sector those d iskettes with deleted files, I must say that
number. Answer the COMMAND O R SECTOR there are certain fi le conditions which must exist or
NUMBER prompt with M and RETURN. When RECOVER will not work - as a matter of fact,
the next prompt appears, type in the sector number NOTH ING will work! Let me explain.
which you remembered. The sector will be read in R ecover fil e res trictions.
and the file number and next sector will be displayed. In order fo r a file to be recovered, it cannot have
A prompt ask ing you fo r the new file number will any sectors which have been written on by othe r
appear. Type in a number other than what is dis~ saves. When a file is deleted, DOS sets the file
played but REMEMBER the old file number. deleted flag in the file status byte of the directory u
Another prompt will appear asking you for the new sector where the name resides. It then traces that file
next sector pointer. Type in a number which is 1 to obtain the sector numbers which that file occu-
more than the number being displayed but REMEM~ pied. DOS sets the bits in the VTOC bit map, thus
BER the old number. Boy, we really messed up this mark ing the secrors occupied by the file be ing
file, huh? deleted as now being available. On any subsequent
A message indicating the new links and a prompt saves to the disk, DOS first sea rches for an empty file
to write the sector to the disk if correct will appear. entry in the directory sectors and places the new
We will now destroy your disk! No, only kidding. name and file status in that slot. DOS then examines
Hit Wand RETURN. The screen will turn RED and the VTOC bit map searchi ng for sectors wh ich can
the verify prom pts will appea r. Answer Y and write be allocated to the new file being saved. If the sectors
out the sector. Now, if you still remember the file that it finds available are the same sectors belonging
number, hit T and RETURN. Enter the fi le number to a previously deleted file, DOS doesn't care and the
at the prompt and watch Trace in action. You should data belonging to the new file will overlay the deleted
get an error message which indicates a FILE MIS~ filed data. Once this is done, there is no way that the
MATCH ERROR AT SECTOR $XXX whee< X is deleted file can be recovered.
the sector number of the sector which you clob~ Now that the explanation is out of the way (did it
bered. If you didn't, then you probably typed in the make any sense?), let me just say that the recover
wrong file number. OK. Let's fix the error. function of Disk Tool makes extensive checks for file
Expe rim en t #9 A: integrity, proper link structure and available sectors.
Fix erro r from last experiment. If anything in the fil e being recovered is goofy, the
Hit M and RETURN and recall the sector you message FILENAME. EXT CANNOT BE RE-
clobbered. Change the file number back to what it COVERED , along with the appropriate reason will
was. Do NOT fix the next sector number yet. Type in be d isplayed. The recover function will work with
the same number when prompted for the new sector both DOS I and DOS 2 fi les, so that some of those
pointer. After all the messages come up, write this oldies but goodies can possibly be rescued from obli;
sector back out again. Trace the same file. Every~ vion.
thing will seem to be fine until the trace realizes that The linings.
there are some sectors (1 sector in our case) missing. Listing 1 - contains the data statements
Trace will tell you how many sectors there should be needed to create the AUTORUN.SYS file for
as well as how many it found. The number of Disk Tool.
"should be" sectors minus the number of "found" Listing 2 - is th e assembly language source
sectors should equal the number of missing sectors. code listing for the AUTORUN.SYS file. This
Fix the error by recall ing that sa me messed~up sector does NOT need to be typed in for Disk Tool to
and replacing the next sector pointer with the origi- work. The AUTORUN.SYS creator (Listi ng
nal value. Write it back out and re-trace. I ) will create th e appropriate file. Listing 2 is
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COM PENDIUM PAGE 81

there fo r reference o nly. This should give you a pointer to the missing sector and write out the sector
pretty good idea of how to reserve some low. using the W command.
end memory, and also how to disable the break This sou nds like an involved process, and in some
key prior to BASIC gaining contro l of rhe extreme cases it may be, but it su re beats retyping the
system. o riginal fi le.
Listing 3 - is the ML loader program for Other uses.
Disk Tool. This program loads in all o f the CHANGING H EADER BYTES ON ML OB-
mach ine language instructio ns needed by the JECT FILES: You have a relocatable ML file which
Disk Tool BASIC program. you assembled on page 6. You now want [Q move it
Listing 4 - (the huge o ne!) is the assembly someplace else. The old procedu re would be to load
language source code for Disk Tool utility. In it, in the assembler, load in the sou rce file, cha nge the
you wi ll find how to put a character on the ori gin of the file, re~assemb le , save the object code.
scree n, how to convert binary numbers CO hex Ba h ~ Humbug to that. With Disk Tool sim ply call up
and hex to binary, how to display messages on the di rectory and find the start of the object file . Call
the screen , how to go crazy tryi ng to read an up th at sector and change the header information as
assembly listi ng and other common routines. I per Figure 4. Re~write the sector and your file will
must say that this code is not the most effi cient. now be loaded at the new add ress.
Things can be done to improve it. so feel free. I The uses for Disk Tool are left to your imagina-
will be glad to answer any questions o r tio n. It's saved me a lot of time by allowing me direct
comme nts abou t it. My address is at the top of access to the disk sec[Qrs and the information on
the listing (please send a SASE if you wri te). them. I've patched ML programs di rectly, added
Listing 5 - is the Disk Tool BASIC code. I code and allocated new sectors fo r that code,
have completely overhauled the code and changed file names that refused to be changed by
commented it like a maniac. The docume nt a~ DOS and recovered many valuable files that were
tion following Listing 5 gives all the addresses, crashed. Let you r imagination run wild. 0
label names and a complete cross~ r efere n ce to
the BASIC code. There is also a memory map
which is valid o nly after Disk Tool has been
loaded. Listing l.

Hints on using Disk Tool.

In these modern times, with DOS 2 being avail~ I' GAAPHICS 2+16
able and all th at, it is very rare to come up with link 15 ., "6;" fffff+ff+f++f++f+f
2' ., ..6;"
errors and crashed fi les. Some errors occur, how~ 25 ., ..6;"
ever, when you try to copy DOS 1 files using DOS 2, 38 ') "6;"
35 ., ..6;"
or you rna ,' ~ ven run across an o ld program by some .. , ., .,6;"
.. 5 ., .,6;"
obscure out~of-bus i ness company that is loaded with
crashed sectors (probably why they are out of busi-
5' ') AUTDAUN .
<It.
116'" 116;" crp.
f i I."
ness). Whatever the reason, if you have run into 6' OPEN JU,.,8,"I(:"
65 IiET Ul,A
Error 164 here is one procedure to follow. 7, CLOSE .,1
1. Isolate the file causing the problem. It this 7S ? #6;" (rea·ttn fa Ie
8' OPEN .. l t 8 L8,"D:AUTORUN.SYS"
isn't obvious, call up the directory and trace each file 85 PUT Ul ,z 5~ : AE" HEADER $FF

- (using the T funct io n) until the cul prit is caught.

Dump the trace to the pr inter.
2. Remember the file number. Go to the sector
~I PUT Ul,255:AEM HEADEA $ff
181 PUT Ul,8:RE" LOAD START LS8 $88
185 PUT Ul,6:RE" LOAD STAAT ~8 $86
118 PUT Ul,74:AEM LOAD END LS8 $.A
115 PUT Ul,6:AEH LOAD END HS8 $86
previous to the one in error. This is where some 128 READ A:IF A=~~~ THEN 1i010 1.8
detective skills will payoff. Examine the sectors 123 AEM
125 PUT Ul,A
** NON PUT OUT REST Of PAOli **
from your current location to current sector + 10, 138 GOTO 128
noting which file they belong to. You will probably 148 CLOSE JU
168 POSITION 3 ,11: ? 116;" FILE ~ITTE."
find your missing sector with in this range. I have not 178 GOTO 17.
failed yet. This usually works on d iskettes that have I " , DATA 24,173 , 23 1,2,185,184,141, 231
,2,173
not had too much disk activity; i.e., alot of file dele- 1882 DATA 232,2,1'5,11,1.1,232,2,16~,8
tions and new file saves. If you run into a toughy, 133
don't give up! You W ILL find you r missing sector. 188. DATA 8,32,27,6,76,8,168 , 128,173,2
2
3. O nce found. note the sector number and the 1886 DATA 2,1.I,68,6 . 173 t 23,2.141,61 t 6
next sector number. Manually trace it to verify the 1888 DATA 16~ , 52 ,1 .1, 22 , z .1 6',6,141,zJ
.2
integrity of the fi le. 1810 DATA 88,'6,72,173,14,218,16,4,184
4. Call up the original sector which had the incor- i ~~ 2 DATA 5',6,16',127,141.1. , 218.165,
rect pointer using the M command. Change the 16,141
PAG E 82 THE A.N.A.L. O.G. COMPEN DI UM VOL. 1

1114 DATA 14,211,18',64,',226,2

1816 DATA 227 , 2,8,6,22',2,225,2,8,6
."..",, ,
'3 • •
• 3.' , •• •

...
I •••
NO.. "UT DUft ' .. 0 HANDLE .. ADOltE" ....
IN TO THIl .V.TIl .. VECTOA LOCA'IO" •••
1818 tAU '"
1'28 REM ••••••••••••••••••
1822 REM. EID AUTOAUI.SV5*
liZ' RE" LOADER PRO'
1126 REM ••••••••••••••••••
* *
..,.:.,.
••••
•• IS
LOA
IT .
LOA
'T.
. L.OUA I AII
V"' ltO
.H .OUAI AO
VN' '''II OI
OIl T .00 .. LD
ITOA~ A, Iv. VEC
Sil T ADO .. " I
.TOIII!: I T 'DO
NON ALLO" I NTE ft U"TI
• • 2' '"
m AND "E TU.N

• ....."
.'3' ,I ........................... .
•• 3 •

C H ECKSUM DATA ••••, , .. THI I I I THE AC'U.L lAD

IE"VICE " OU' I NE. "'LL MI!:

..., ,,............................
(See pgs. 7- 10) • • 3.,. DO II C,,!CK ' 0 11 A IIII!:.K •
,. " EY. U ' . II!"''' II " " , ..!
• • 10. I . CAUIE T"1l .vITIl .. TO .IU., •
18 DATA 442,342,782,4,723,347 , 472 , 348, , . I S HOII( I T A"I) '"( .. IIETUII " •
•• '• 7.
'71 , '88 , 388,584,332 , ' . , 762 , 6887
, . DATA 7",325,357,"',116,1'7,'86,5'
...
....••••,,'".,
71
DUll 1 ..11 ~"'" I",IIE "
',6'8,647 , .'1 , 725,587 , '82 ,2 35,7'18
1 •• 6 DATA 54,"7 , 35',628,586,182,885,7
8' , 726,285,881,6312
•
., , .. • ¥. I IIII
.11. ,••• •"'E."
. 1.3
L O. 'ftll.T
• "L T li l A"
.CO
J II" .VI I "'II
T.0 .IIU.I"
KEY HI • ••
.." . T H II "
YES 'T , ., .
"0 10 'ULL A
III~A"'I''I'

A.. D C.LL I'.TI!" 1I0UTI Nil

Listing 2. • 11' ,, ••• I"'. ""'H• • I'D"" OO O "'~

.".
.,..
.,:, T 11111"
.IZ.
LD • • • 71' M'''E 1ft" . "
.,;), II'''' UtOI'
LO • • "O" .. 'K
~UT I " IHIfUI
"".K
..'.1.
II!:T "D"EV
• •• !!

\'
•• 7.
....... .......................
.UTOIIU... . . va aOUII.I::1l e(1)1l
'0'" O.I(TOot. UTn.ITV "'Yl
•
• ."..,.. U,
. 3.a
.'13
.T. ' ftOEN
.CO
A.. O STUI'I'
.. ULL A
A.. O ftETURH 1'11011 INTEftU"T

,.............
• .'" TOIO .. "1l.S '''. I · n •••• • • • •• •
"l:5 •• OUOLEv .VI! •
.a.1 I . I!IIO "lIo e •

...
.. 3. IIE"" O"'T . "' 1 . : , .. •
• • 3:5
• • 4.
• THII 'ILIl "'E.E"'VE. , •••
• ."1
.171 ••• , '"! I!:HO
:\ • .VTIl. 0' ft A" IV .. Ov l ... THE •
• • :1. "(" LO "O I "T('" U" .EF O"'E

....,
• • 1Il1
• •6•
• TH£ , •• 'C Olt fta.EIt . LE'" e.ltT •
• .IlT. COII TftOL 0' T ..1l a ... TE .. . .
• • 7. • TH I . eoo£ .LIO OI ••• LIlI THIl.
•• 7:1 ."'Il.K KIlV TO "ftE"Il.. T . .. .. Lis t ing 3 .
••8. , . " O•• IILIl UIllft E",,,,o,,,a ''''0''
"'lI ,. " .....Il.. ' II • •
• ,,,, I
••• , I_ ~~08~A" 'A8~D ON ID~A8
"" ,_ ~A~'~"'lD 1" Dl III ATAAI
11.3 ,_
,............................. .•
~ •• 8·11 • 8-lll
Ill.
1113
1121 .............
, IlIIU. TEI
............... 25

..••
1123 , .
I.
Illl
, ..LOL .,.
."a IIIl IS
.,.1
.,. .I:EII
.,.
• • :t:7 LO .VTIl ..
10'
1l1IL0
" ( " LO"

...
".3 ,VVI " I!"LO
.131 IO.ft"IT
.,. ,••••• ... ftIlT.RT ' L.a
• •••11
5.

..••
" 33 C."'VI[C C.'" . , • • , VEC'O.
.11>1 •• V.vT
." ' • • 1.
.,. • 0' .VTE. TO ftEIIEftvll 55
.17. "OK".K
1'.3
I"'III[N
..,.
." ' O:. 1l
"O"llv ' .. " .SK
Ift ll EN• • LE .IT.
0

117" "'",., ,. Iftllll .. Ift ll IT.T UII 65 PO

I,.a ,
""1 ,• ............ ..
1111 .... 'ftll SYITE .. '1'111 VEC TOl!
• • 21<•
71 :POKE AREA.X : AREA=AAEA+ l:
'1"3
.2 • • , ............
• CO", ' '''OL • GOTO 65
75 ., le6 i " loading d s ktool.u't I " : RU. "D :
'21"
.21 1
.ZII
.2Z.
...
,..............
•• A
.CO
• •••• Oft ll lN "10 • •
a l ....1! LI.l I ...
OI J CODE TO " I!"
DSKTOOl.PT2"
81 DATA 32.83.228.48 , 51, 1 73,1 31. 2' . 2 88
57
..............
. : Z3
85 DATA 32.13 3 ,2' ,32,3 8 .3 9.17 3 .2 2 , 3 9, 3
• 2l1
,••, .....''''0.'''.'' ..... 2
,'I DATA 15 , 38, 32,175 . 2'.162,8,168.8.18
.2l3
. Z••
, ftl[.t:.VIl 3 • •• ' .. TE •

,.
• 243
aT"'Ea
1231 OC<
LO. . . 1l.. LOL
CLE.ft '011 .00
'5 DATA 253 .3, 32 , 243 , 2' . 32 , 222,2 ',3 2 .2
1 23 3
I:••
Iz.a
1 27.
.DC aL.I.vIV T
IT. "Il .. LOL
LO" .. 1l .. LO"
.PO 3...
.E T CUftftENT " E .. LO LO . vT
. ' Oftl!
LO
.ET CU", .. EN T .. EIILO " '
•188 DATA 38. 3 2. 1 78. 2 ' ,3 2 ,31,38, 2 98, 1' 2
185 DATA 2 48 , 17 , 232 , 76 ,25. 2' , 1 49 .1 26. 2
'.32
118 DATA 16 , 32.168,8, 1 48 .22, 38.184. ' 6 ,
1<2
115 DATA 2 3. 39 .138,56. 233 . 7 . 1 78. 238. 23
127a • OC ' ",a.V.VT .0 0 3 •• • Nl ,I •
12.1 ITO .. r: IT 128 DATA 1 8' ,25 3, 3, 32 . 1 '5 ,2 ' , 142.12'.2

..
'IT" "' 1l " LO"

.,.2".
.:.a LO • •• • ....." ••• ftT .. E.ET ' ,32
.n, .TA
JIII'I
J ....
. .. Aft ... '
a " A"I! "
CAI'IYEC
. TO.. E
DO .ftI!A~ KI!V ITU" 125 DATA
0,2 98
57. 3 5, 1 74,1 2' . 2' . 232 ,236,23. 3
JU .. " T"ftOU.H C. .. T
.3. 3 138 DATA 23 5,16',155,32 , 57.35 , 1 74.2 3 .3
.311 , .........•..••.•••.•.•.. 8 ,224
.3.3 , . . . . ." '.11 VIlC ftOUT, .. £
• 32' , . TO 'O I IiT TO OU'" 0 ..11 • 135 DATA 1 28 .17 6.28 2 ,32,38 .38, 3 2.6 . 38 •
.32 3 , . ftOUTI II Il . . .Il .. ILL ,.- • 12
• 33. , . IIORE T"t I ftll.K KE".
1 •• DATA 1 75. 2 ' ,1 6 •••• 1 7 •• 23.3 •• 76 .2 5 .
1333 • ••••••••••• • ••••••••••••
.3 • • ,
. 3 . 3 , •• •
13al •
. , l l I ... ,t:" ...
l ilT "UT .VII Iftll I II OUft .TUFF ...
liTO" 1 .. 11'11 '0'" .,.
2>
145 DATA 0,8 , 0 , 0.8,0,0 .1 62 .8, 18'
158 DATA 15 4 , 2' , 248, 13,1. 2 .1 27 , 2'.32,5
.310. coo V"l ftO 8.:1 IVITt: .. 11'0 LO APOft 7 , 35
"loa .VIII IIII _ '
Ill'
.lTa
'"
co,
m
V.. I IIQ. ,
" OO,'V J .. " LO
8£ T 'V'
IRII
" OO,'V J .. " HI
10' AODft
155 DATA 1 74.1 2 7 , 2',232 . 56 ,1 76.2 3 8,'6.
125 , 66
~

VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L. O.G . COMPEN DI UM PAGE 83

~

~
16. DATA
127
165 DATA
8'.84,6'.35.127,127 ; 72,6' , 88 ,
127,65,8.,65,81,67,73,155,8,3
".
35 31
185
DaTA 31,173,234,11,32.136,31,173.2
DnA 32,136,18,32,175,2',32,41,3',
2 173
~ 17. DATA 178.2',16',32,32,57,35,'6,41. ". DaTA 243,31,32 , 136,38,32,175,2',16

~
15
175 DATO
11
1 •• DATA
128,14'
185 DIHA
,. 211
21.,18,'8,2.115,6,.15,'8,'6,1
32,1" , 2'.211, J2 5 .14' .18,281.
12,711,155,1",18,211,161,1"
...
2 ,2
3>5 DATA 18',237,31,32.74,31,32.57.35.
32
6 216
.is
DATil 31,38.16'.3 2, 157,237,31,2'2.1

15,242
DATA 238,2'3,31,238,2'2,31,16',8,2

1.6 •• T. 253,1 ",2,16 ',46 , '6,32 , 2',31. u. DnA 31,7",22,165.215,7',115.16.1

~ 173 n 215
n5 DATA 2 ' 7,2',32,57,35,173,2'1,",32 415DIIHA 1 '.,2,231 ,216,1 6',155, 32 .57 .3
~
,57 5.32
.88 UTA 35.12.31.18.~6."'.72.7 4 .14 420 DATA 2'4,31176,156.1' .16~.IS 5.32.5
7,J5
~
2.5 DATA 74 . 14 ,32, 184,2'.14 1,742.2'.18
• 32 425 DATA 173.1'.3.24 .115 ,1,141,1',3,14
~
zh
a , 24
DATA 184.2',141 ,2 41.2'.'6.113.22.3 •
430 DATA 3.238 , 11 ,3, 162"1142.742.31 , 1
~

~
215 DATA 185,8 , 141. 22.3 8.32 , 243,2',32.
222
22. UTA 2' . '6.8.8.142,121, 2 ',148,128,

"
225 DATA '6 . 114 , 121. 2'.172,128.2'.'6.1
6 ',62
231 • "TA 32 , 51 ,3 5.16'.3fi,32 , S1.3S , '6,1
...
73
435 DAU
43.31
DATA
2'8.758
. . 5 UTA
.5. DATA
241,31.2'8,17.238.241 , 31 .16 .1
162,11 1 16'.32.151.221,31,282,
'6.2.6.741.31,16,63.2' ••••••
••••••• , •• a, •••• 8 ••
••
~

~
...
235 DATA
,171,285
'.2'
DATA
245 DATA
8!;5.t ••
1'4,133.286.114.133,2'5.168.7
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PAGE 64 THE A.NAL.O.G. CO MPENDIUM VOL. 1

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VOl. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 85

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• '11' ' " III:COVl" I',Ll PI(IIS"lIl S I'OLLOW.
15 IE" **
DISK TOOL IASIC PROGRAM *
ZI RE" IV TONV MESSINA (el l'8Z.

...... "
.1I.1I P'''SSI
·."' '' I ""II" - , ZS RE" •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
4 6 ••
. 6 .1I HOOlL
lIO"l CO ."
·"
'CHlECICIIIII I'I L IE COMDITION ' CII MULL
• IS lOOT IIlLe lI: D '"
"
C" SLlI. HULL
C AMMOl alE ftItCOVL"IEII' , • • 110..0.. Cft
38
35
POKE 82,8:IE" **LFT MAR TO I
RE"
***
.."
" ~ ' I'I LI! 11I ''lCT ' CII T'" ""SI2 _ '
48 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
.62.
.6211 DllIllll
·"
"
' ''I!:COYII'' lwe I""'IE' CII HULL
' DtIlIECTOIIV tH TII V IIOH" CII IIIJL ...
45 REM **
VAAIAllE/CONSTANT/5TRI.'S •
...••••,
. 63 . "I:.LO
'.3' IlUCCllI
VS'"
,..".0
•• 1I. 1"" l1l
•• 33 oreN
·"'''II'''''LOC''TIMe DE ... lTIED StCTOIlIi ' CII

··""
, _ . SIEIE H IKC , Vl"IE Il "

··""
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·"
• I' ,L L "1t.1 l""OII"
"'''IEC T'''' '' ftll .. S
I'I!LL COl IOIJI.. ...
""flOfl 'H VtDC IMI" !!' aELL C" l1\li..0..
SLLL CIt HUL L

L".""'·
.lLI. CII NULL
IIll.L CIt HULL
58
SS
61
IEM
RE" •
IWITIAlIZATION FOLLOWS
Rf" •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
CO.SUMTS FOllOW
65 REM. THE FalLONZ.' CONSTANT'
*
..
*
••••
.6." DIII,",
··""
'O '''I! C'OOl'' " I T t 1E00"0It " taC 1t. II
11 RE" * ARE USE' TO MAKE TME DSK- *
•• l.
DI"'£2
,.
'I!LI. CII MULL

'i Dia : ~r:~.lllTlr~.E,a~5'.l~. :

IS IE" *
CENTRAL LOCATION faR ISI- ..
'I lEN •
LATI.' A•• RESS POI.TEIS I I .
L" M L I'I Ll: " HN • HIl:I 11 fMl{f .... IFICATloatf
"IIOUHO 'IL'"
"IT"'ty "CI' C
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'ItLI. _ I I
"S
CM . ._
HI_·'11611
.SFa III IE" • Of TRE Pla'I'" EASIEI.
liS IE" • ENTIIES AAE ALPHA.ETICAL,
**
C_IT .,1:31
CHIILM _If, e
C"-CHT _ I " ,
CHKtoS _2S "
Cl0Vl!!C .(.36 CIC'OOH _,Kl
III IfM • SEf THE CONSTANTS IESCIIP-.
CICIHOS _,1:11" CI<I.OCK _.IIM! CKM!CH .1'_'" liS IE" • TION SECTION Of TME IOCU- •
CLOSIE _.It«
CICST" .'I:C. CICU M S '1l .7
co.""",. " :U;tt'
C ... l _ .1 1' 17
CL ll l oe' '" 23:J1"
121 IE" • ~NTATII. FIR DEFINITIOM' ••
It5 IEM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
CLIIH_ .'I'CC
C _ r _212"

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CON VIIII' •• W J
11 ...... 2 _.l ••
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111"011 _272. OlflLHf
.. S_ __2'118"
• •• 11111111: . z., H
0 1_ . 21 ••
14. CWAI=71':CNW,IY=112':CKLIM=415:CKI
11111I0'Il 2 -27,.
""'''L .,1',2 -'DOlI:
. . ~ ... y D"""C ·11.' 0lM=S":CKIOLP=SSI:ClIOC4='121:C.TIM=1
'DA''''C
11 _ _ 2.C. -2"'1 DII.OTII .11t . . _ . , _ 1 I'fl: ,sl:IAUK1=718:"UXZ=77'
IIIIOIOII!: .23;tt" _1I1EI' _ " .
_ T M _ 2 K2
145 . . VWI=777:.IVlG=771:.COMMe711 1IECR
8011« ... ·Z8Ce
II .... _II!I'. _I''''
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.2S28 ODIIHb •••• 2 EK=lJ61:IU.IT=76':fITLIX=llal : ERRfl,=7
5SI:fITI.P=IZS:fIlIUM=75S6
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.... VIE. 'l.83
I: II00TIt .. _2._.
II"'I:C - 23 l •
11 1110.."" -11'1"
I:SC . . . . .
lSI fIR~='17':'.EEI=ZI4:'SEC='2:HfXD
I I _ L' _1'''1: EC~IZ7. ! MIl.=515:MEsa'f = 1~3. : NNL.K=.1~
(UK .oz •• ,
I'ML _ _ 13,e
Itl ll _ID3, I!!I ITZ · "3 1'
I'M ...... -UH: I',LCNT · 22" ':'CMa.'f=1115:'DII=1'21
I'ILLII .'I'l"
I" L DOl' _,..C
1'10..l'1li' . 2Z"
I'ILIIT" _II'IIC
I'ILIIYII _IDS.
I" NHI . l Z .. '
155 PHElP=11'.:PLUSMII=.iS:PMOD=li45:P
I'IN'.2 . :12 ... FIHD' - Z 'lEl 1' 11111 '"~"
PRIMT=ls38:PRECOVEI=1'31:PROCtIP=745:P
SfC=17:PSET=ZI1I:PTRACE=17'S:PMRITE='5
•
I" N' Z - Z. " I'IHIlIl _Z8II" 1',_1·1"1'3
I' IIlDe: _2713 '"''''11 '",IE'I' .. lUll!' _2"1'
I'LI .. IT -21'9' IIU CHII _".7 IlIETI1 ·1 8.C
'(TUII .,IE., 8t:T_ ·ZII. '[TM",N "IE""
168 RECOVA=,a77:RED=64:IEDIR=7123:SCRO
IIItTIILC . . . ., SII'S'" . , It" 11 IIDCIOV _2 33 . ll=661:SETDSK=4":SETSCRI=18S:START=74
.OON _"'1' HIE"DIEII . , 0 .", MI",Dft .IIIP 21:TOPSEC=1SSS:TAASEC=8224
Hllt,lX _'III'Z
IC"I Z •• 3 . '
H.211M
IC'.H -'348
-IC'. ' IC.II · .:14 ..
IC ...... _.3 •• 165 TURD=I.6:MFLA' = 15S4:MHITE~I.:YElLO
I CtLN ·.3 •• ICILL -'3" ICC OII •• 3.2 14=2.
I C,TM _.3 . 1
,CDIIUII ·'34, ICHID _.3 •• 171 RE"
I C'TL •• 3 '6 l eS T" ·'3.3 '"Ol1 .ll3111
.:;1:"". 175 RE" MMMMK •• KK ••• K•••• MK ••••••••••
IGe. ' •••••
.. 'IIHT •• l . "
I OCIII' . '3 "
~USHIE. · ":2 •
ITSUSS
L . ' HII ·2123 tal REM *
VARIABLES FOllOW *
PAG E 92 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. CO MPENDI UM VO L . 1

185 REM ** THE FOLLOWIN, ARE UAAIA -** 578 REM *

ROLL SECTOR .UM TO 728 *
1'8 REM BlES SET TO THEIR DEfAULT 575 REM * ( 1 *
1'5 REM * VALUES INDICATED DURI.' * 588 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
28.
28S
REM *
REM *
PROGRAM INITIALIZATION . SEE*
VARIABLE DESCRIPTION SEC- *
.EM
If 5ECIUM(1 THE. SEC.UM:728
218 REM * TION Of DOCU~.TATIO. FOR * RETUR.
21S REM *
228 REM
LIST Of All UARIABLES AND *
*•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
THEIR PURPOSE. * .EM
225 REM
238 REM
235 DRIUE=1:HELP:l:SECHI=8:SECLOM:l:SE
ClUK=l
U8 REM
245 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
251
255
268
REM
REM
REM
*** STRI.' lilT fOLlO~
SEE STRIN' DESCRIPTIO.
SECTION OF DOCUMENTATION *
•
* PROCI.P
638 REM
635 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
265 REM * *
FOR DESCRIPTION AID USES 636 REM * $11001'. •
279 REM
275 REM
*••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
OF THE FOlLOMII' STRII'S •• 648 REM * SCROll 5 LIME5
645 REM * fROM THE BOTTOM Of SCR. *
•
288 REM 658 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
285 DIM ASC'.'.ANS(lJ.HEKREP$(4',HEKTA 655 REM
8$(16] 661 POSITION 8.17 : ? '11111r': POSITION 8
2,. HEHTABS="012345678'ABCDEf" ,17:R£TUI.
2'5 REM 665 REM
3.8 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 678 REM
315 REM * VARIABLE/CONSTANT/STRIN' • 671 REM * •
318 REM * INITIALIZATION END *
688 REM *
*~*l1!i!lai~:SC:.:E:E~.::T:O~~::~*
315 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• COLORS Of GREEN •
32Q REM
325 TRAP ERTRAP
685
675 REM
6,. REM *
..
lITE BORD . BLACK*
*
331 'OSUB SETDSK 6'5 REM
335 X=USR(CLIOC4):REM CLR IOCB 4 788 REM
348 'OTO PHELP 18S POKE BORDER.MHITE:POKE CHAR.BLACK:
345 REM POKE BACKG.D.GIEE.:RETURM
358 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
355 REM *COMMON PROGRAM SUBROUTINES • 715 REM !:~~~~~~"*"*"*"*"*"*aH,!
718
368 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 728 REK *
365 REM
378 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 125 REM *
375 REM * 11....1:11 * *
388 REM * SET UP DISK VECTOR TABLE •
385 REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3'8 REM
..
3'5 REM
'88 POKE DU.IT.DRIUE:REM ** DRIVE U
'85 POKE DCOMM.GSEC:REM ** fOR READ
418 POKE DAUN1.SECLON THEM G010 PTRACE
•
41 5 POKE DAUN2.SECHI
428 POKE BUfLO.253:RE" ** LON BUF ADR IF OR AS= .... THEN 5ECNUM=5EC
(SfD'** .UM+1:'05UB CKRO LP:'OTO PLU5KI.
425 POKE BUfHI . l:REH **HI aUf ADA ($11 715 I f AS (161) =" _" THEN 5EC.UM=SEC.U ......
I **
'38 POKE DBYL~LI27:RE" ** 'ET 128 BYTE
1:G05UB CrR LM:GOTO PLUSKI.
788 If A$="W' THEM GRAPHICS 1:'05UB PN
5 U 5ECTOR) . . RITE:GOTO PROCINP
435 POKE tBYHI.8:REM ** .0 HI ** 785 I f A$ ="C" THEM GRAPHICS 8: 'OSUB PC
' " RETURN "AMGE : 'OTO PAOCINP
445 REM
458 REM
7,. If AI="D" THEM GOTO PDIR
7'S If A ="T" THEM (;OTO PTRACE
'55 REM 81' IF A ="'" THEM GRAPHICS ,: '050B '5E
'68 REM >728 T5CAM:GOTO PttOD
'6 5 REM 815 If AS="R" THEN GOlD PRECOUER
478 REM 818 If AS="S" THEN CRAPHICS 8:'05UB Sf
4755ECMUN=VAL(AS,: T5CIIII:GOTO P'5ET
UM>728 THE. ? " 815 I f A$ (1 U ="$" THEN '05U6 HEHDEC
HGE 15 (1-720) ':POP 828 '05UB CtLIM
488 RETURN 875 REM
'85 REM 811 REM
'4 '1 REM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8lS REM
4'5 REM *
~
580 REM *BREAK 5ECIUM TO HI/LO FORMK
* 841 REM
845 REM
* (-) OR
PRINT SEC- .
•
SIS REM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
518 REM 851
855 REM
REM .. *
~ HaHHaH~.."*****.~T~.08Ta008J~7~....
515 '5ECHI=IIT('5ECMUMl256':SECLO~I.T('5
EC.UM- (5ECHI*256)):RETUAI
528 REM
•••
•• 5 5ET5CRN : GOSUB HIL
525 REM
526 REM
53. REM
** NUM TO 1 IF *
535 REM.
54. REM *
54S REM
5S8 IF '5ECNUM>728 THEN SEC.UM=l
55S RETUAI
568 REM
565 REM
566 REM
*
 VOl. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O. G. CO MPENDIUM PAGE 93

12.8 1 _;''O::RE~D IEXT SECTOR":1 116;'og

=RE~D PREUI'lrU5 5EC": '? 1*6; '~CHAI'E SE"f
BYTE5"
1215 1 116; ''f3:::DIAECTORY LIST"': 1 116; "(J::H
ELP"'
1218 '? . . . ''!:=NODIfV LIIKS"':? 116; ''B=PRI
IT SCAEn"
1215 1 U&;'~RECOUER A fILE"':? U6;"'g:S
ET DRIUE ""
122. ? 116;'Q::TRACE FILE CHAII":'? U6;'~
=. . ITE A SECTOR"

......
,.5
1225 ? "1JIj":'OTO PROCIIP
1238 RE"
1235 RE"

..,,....,
1248 RE"
1245 RE" *
RE" *
RE" *
- OKE

EX
,RED:POKE CH~R,WHITE:P

HIlO:liOSUI DECH
AEM
AEM
1=.
FOR 1=2 TO lEI(A$)
A$(I,IJ <..... THEM GO TO 131a
'65 ! ~~~~IIEEIt';5ECIUM; A$ (I, IJ <="'" THEI 1=1*16+UAl (A
" ($"; ::~: ••. ~~:&OTO 1388
'7'
075
!
? '
~CUPPfNT
~ SLPf
(PI~f
.. BCUT
I~ _= ';DRIUE
I-IRITf(j / N) '; :IIPUT
A$(I,I)<"A" OR 6$(I,I)"F" THE
..S ~i;·ii=''''JI~·'.·'C(.S II, I ) ) -6SC ("~") +18
THE I 1 ".
I-IPlTE (lBCPTfDI'il'

""LllII',1
THEI '? ''\UJQj
':&OTO 18

1145 RE"
U58 RE"
1355 RE"
- 1368 T5ECH=SECHI:SECHI =IIT(SECHI/16)+1
:HEXREP$Cl,l) =HEXTA8$CSECHI,SECHI)
1165 SECHI=CTSECH-C5ECHI-l)*161+1:HEKR
EP$C2,2)=HEXTAB$(SECHI,SECHI):SECHI =TS
ECH
1178 T5ECl=S[ClON:SEClON=IITCSEClOMl16
)+I:HEXREPSC3,1) = HEXT~8$(SEClON,SfClON
)
(SEClOM- l1*16J+J:HE
~~§!'~'£~;;'IETijiili -... (5EClON, SEClOM) : SECl
**
111*
* *
**
***
,IlA *

? ''OJ
1135
iiETU'A. ".'IIl. + 0
THEI 10&

THE
CN) CO""""' BY * m;)":'OT
DISPLAYII' THE CONNAIDS *
AUAILABLE II DI5K-TOOL .•• * 14'8 GOTO PROCIIP+5
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1"5
15.,
REM
RE"
1585 REM
------- 1518 REM
1515 REM
1528 RE"
1525 REM
PAGE 94 TH E A.N .A.L.O.G. COMPEN DIUM VOL. 1

" IHPROP[~ 'SCREE" 1135 X=USR(TRASEC.STSEC,IDX,fII)

18 •• If PEEK(ERRflG) THE. POKE ERlfL',
I:POIE fIIUNa,':? :GOTO 'AOCII'
1145 SECLON=PEEK(CA5PTR):5fCHI='EE.(TO

")+PEEK
- PSEC)
1151 If lOT 'EE.(CITII) THEI 'OKE (Ft
lUNa) I:'GTD PROCII'
1.55 ~ :1 .~ TO C.ITII mlIIT SCII (RET
) TO STIP"': I.'UT .. IS
11'1 If A.l="" ntr:1 'OKf CITII,I:POK(
fIlUM! I:'OTO 'lOCI.'
1865 IF .. IS="P" TItEI 'OSUI 'PIIIT:'OTO
1855
1171 If AI5
E fIIU.,.
1.75 ? .. ".
18.' " =115.
1"5 'OTa 1114.
11,. RfM "":!!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!___...___I*
11'5 IEM
. :
1.,.,
HIS REM
lU. RE"
Rf"
jlltXCH
~ICH
IUS REM
1'2' Rf"
•• 1'25 RfM
1'31 If (HfLP) THfl 'RAPHIC5 I:MfL,=I:
• GaSUl SfT5eR.
U35 '1 ".II'UT fILE _ _ EI (Hfl 01 DfC
T
H4.
.$
)'" OJ ".TG [!JiIU!Il!) OR !} TO .'ORT";: I.'U

1) ="X" THEI ,eTO 'lOCI.'

U4S ="S" THEI '05UI HEXDEC
:5TSfC=IIT(fI.I')+i~
5T5fC)358 TIIEI '1 .. ~
:'OTO PROCII'

E",lH fiE ... flLE «(Et tl=t t<E:-l

FIL=PfEk'ftLIU~:'.

THEN 'G5U' HEXDEC

t.; : IIPU '-'

•
C HECKSU M DATA
(See PI" 7- 10)
•
1. ta~a SJ2,l'!,"'i'.'.21'L~7'15J'.11
., t14 551 J71 • 7 7 7 '41 lae • '1
.t ••l •• i'.I~I.,i.l"t.l".'J'.'I.J'".
l",.J 21 "2 516.196 4'% 1111
III tat. '42,~",'5,ii4,lil.' •• 1".7'.
4.5.18. IIi, 1St ••• 7'1 '1.161'
215 .arl 11 •••• '5.,'.1 .•
7.,",.11.' ••1
7 1 •• ",7'2,1",5.J 2J.S.'I
-
11. tATA 1.',551,'.,i22 , 1,.,211".,'S,
7'7, •• ' '.1 III 5'. 11' 1 •• 65 ••
'" •••T' .7i.l.i.l1.,.'.,7 •• , •• , •••••7
"~" .. T. t,o.a.7,1.1.2S7.011.11'.S72.7
, 75J,.'1 '%,5".'7,'" z55 •• '7
.1."',55I,.5 •• 5. , ",361,l.'.1J.7
VOL. 1 THE A,N.A. l. O.G. COM PENDIUM PAGE 95

531 DATA 424,61,362,",412,68',111,373 14S. " " . 161111. I."', 17.S. 17 ••

,3'S,365,"4 374,111,S14 621 588'
611 DATA 8"is7,'II,137,~68,'8,563,'3, 111', 1 4.11. 111411. 11111•• 1116 •• 1117 •• '''.:1

366,'26,847,51',367,11',626,532'
665 .ATA 117,373,668,817,628,661,612,3
8',86,2'1.8',55',771,812,8'5 , 76'4 " ' • • •S , 1.2.
735 DATA 565,'8,18I,71','II.'SI,688 , " " ' . 'IS. I .. SS. 16"". 17 111. 111 1' , ,"411
1.728.677 , '15,815,'6','83,21'.'862 ':I' . '.11 . ....... . . S . 173.
811 DATA 26,536,251"'8562L823,33'.'78
53'6573,11 ,531,16',6 5,6~2,1 63 '11'. ":IS • • •".
885 ATA '78,121,336,18','11 , 762,6'5,' ' 11'. 1 73 S
3,563,577,828,1,23,567,117,66'6
'58 DATA 658.4'4 , '58,166,775 , 385,533,4 I "'. 7 1111
'2,471,6'8,84,18',76,285,318,6'74
l1Z5 DATA 363LZe8,7'2,27'L7'6,756,788, '11 ' . 7'"
155,585 78',2~2,867,ZIZ 5~2,3 ',7635 '''11. 3 48. 7".
118' DAtA 824,'15,Z25"j6,72,,741,I'S,
'18,166,7'6,283,81.,264,673,15,7'75 ''''', 77 •• 77"
1175 DATA '8',7'3,2'6,456,'64,185,588, 1111 . a ••
512,338,541,25,28',811,'5',361,7514 11111 . ':IS, 111.1
1258 DATA 865,'82,7'4,2'7,"',837,8' , 6
7',584,216 , "3,52,877,2'5,7'3.8837 I'ftfCOVfll '''''. II .S
1325 DATA 471,315,',7'3,32',7'6,2",53 I'IIOCIHI' 1,,11. 4 7 11. 6211, 7" :1 , 711', 7 11S . 11.:1. 11117.
6,426,321,1'1,2'2,88',777,722,7885 II .... " ':1. 122S. 13 . . . 1 4 ... . 1711' . 1'811.
1'.8 DATA " ' , 8Z',7'5,2'8,'6','I,61,81 111 111 . . . . . . I'S •• 116 ' ,1.4 • • 1"81. I""'.
8,26',786,781,811,"5,326,6'8,'412 2. ".. ~'''1I
1'75 DATA '31,587,3'8,8'1,386,7'7,561, I'IIr:C IllS , "".
815 '5' 7" 382 813 '2 155,821 '8'1
1556 DAtA l'I , 3~,,4'I,625,458,'51,286,
I'lIfT

2",375,'1','5',152,2'4,811,881 ,1521 1""IICr: 11111, 7.' , 7 .. "

1625 DATA 733,'47,813,2'7,'52,17',583, ""' I 't
434 ,715,624,566,467 L 171,583,587 L 8651
1718 DATA 31','55.1' •• 582,3',44~,613,3
I... ":I'
IItCOIIII 1.8 . , .. 7 • • • "11'
34,517,125 246,311 81',585,738,6264
1775 DATA 714,'4 2 ,821,385,.17,78',738,
575,23',67',425,775,387,138.3'.,8656
'"
IItlllll •• •• 14 • •
1858 DATA 68,764 L 584,8'8,816,2'I,562,7
S4,388,825,358,2~8,283,3'8,811,7878
.CIIOLL I.'. ".'. 1' ' '11

1'75 DATA 31';7'7 L2 2,,727,5'I,236,6'5 , It''''K I ••• 33 •• •• •• • '''.1. 2 11111

422,6'6,53',3 ,,2~I,5'Z,311,8Z8,7682 ItTICIIH ' . ' • •••• " • • 11.11. 143', 17. " . . . 3.
218' DATA 781.218,18,238,786,28',784.2
87 ,66' ,172,386 ,731,5261 'TIIII' I ••• '7" ..... 11
10l'.tC •••• " 11 • • • 11', 173•• 17 . " "'"
Tftll.r:C I ••• 113:1. '1111 •• ,"711
TUIID ' .:1 . 1:1"

...
C ross Refe rence of Disk Tool BASIC prog ram
L I HE Hun.EII'

13~. 6 211 . 711:1 . ":III. "2:1. 1.11:1 . 11 1:1. 114' •

III'LIIO

III1ITE

YI!LLO II
1611. ""'.

I.". "1111. I I "

1.2.
'.:1. 7.11 • • ~' . . . ,"

• 1. 11. 1 ~411 . . .. .
011 I III! 2311. 41 •• 74". 1111 •• • 7 . . . . . . . "'11.
13:1. "2 :1. 7 '~ . "211. 1 •• :1
2 . 311. :'''11
• Ollll!!" 13:1. 7 .11. ":I' . " .11 2311. 711 •• 7. 11. HI3 •• """. , "" •
.U, ... UlI • • 211 ICCII I 23 :1 • • '11. 1.:1. 117 •• 136 • • 13.:1 .
111. 0
"3'.
IU<'lO 1311 . 42. '(CLOII 23 :1 . . . . . :I'''. 1178. ' 117 ' . U 7 11. 173 • •
1 • • :1

." 'I!C II U" 2 3 :1 . U:I . :110. ""I . 11" ' . n • . 77S. IIIIS.
•••• "7. 8 .. . . 11"11. ".:I.IIIIS. ' . 2 ".
" ':1. I •••• 172 • • 17411
CIIUU' 1311 . . . . . . '117 . '112:1 • • " ...
" ~'1I .• 711. 7.S. 7 S • • 7 S:I . 7 ... . 77 •• 77:1.
CIISI"II 711 •. 711 :1 . 7 ••• 7" :1. " ' . II'~. II ...
11111.
" ' ' ' . 1118. 11 7 • • 113:1. ' 2711. '211' . 121111 •
• 2 •• • ' . 7 11 • • • ••• ' . 1111. ''' 7 1. '''711.'1111'.
'''''. ".S. ,•••. ,... ". •• 11 •• ' ."" . '.11".
I .... . . . . 11,.7". 1 7'". '71 ' . 17'''. 17:t• •

CKLI"

CU'O .....
'.'.

,4'. 77S
11211
. . . . '2' . I • • •• 17211
,., '''' '.2.... 2•.".'II"."l''''
. . . . . III.". 'II". 111111 • • "311.1 ••• • • ".S.

211S. "7 11 . " ' .

. .. ~. ":111 . . . .. .
" 111 . I . "S .
,11.11.111 7 .
. .. . .

CO:IIOLI' Ht " ' t ... 2 .:1 . "11 . . . . . . '''11. ".0. 13.'. U.".
' . ' . 7" U7 • • • 3711
' . ' . :n s 7.S. 2"' .13 • •• • 3.". 137'. '37"
CHTIH '.' . 1.11 •• III ••• 1'7. 33:1 . '70. ':1" ..... " . I."•.
112S . ' .4' .
11111:1 • • ",, :1 • •• 7 • • • 7 3:1.1.3 0 . '811'.
'AU" LI N' U'
1 .. 71. 2 .:1'. "l'"S
11 2 ' . " 2 :1
OAUI2 1411. '1:1 . '7 •• 142 •• 114:1
OIlYHI
•
O.Y l O
13 ... . '3."
" " . • ''' ........ 2. ' 3 7, . 137"
DfCIlEi 1411. , .:1. " . ' . 1.6S
'CIIHO
OUHIT 1.11 • • ••
lillI"
i!HllHO:: 1.11 , 167. , 1:lIoS . 1117 • • 1:111:1
14:1. " ' . '1111. I •••• t •• :I, 1. 1., 1.2 •• IS7 • • " 7S
167:1. 1114 • • I " .
fllTII1I1' '4:1 . 32S • • 211, I •• •• 1117'
PAGE 96 THE A.N.A.L.O. G . COMP ENDIUM VO L. 1

16", 17", .m
Ilia. '12', II:SII, "III , ' '9l:1a, 1'7 :1
lIlli, IISS, '''aI, I'ns
IU:l1'l ' 121 , 111211, '9alll. ".1
.,. 'Iaa, '"3::1,
"", Ins
• or YIIIIHIIILI!I_ 12
v

Disk Tool Memory Map

(af ter fully load ed)

$FFFF
Bask (00<' to Mem. top
10420 follow...:! by O.S.l hardware area $288-4MEMLO
Fr~ p:ou;h area for modifications
10073 $2759
O$k Tool ML Code
7420 Area $ICFC
Pg. 7-le contain DOS 2.05 v
1792 FMS Code &. Disk Drive Buffers $0700 v
1536 Pg.6 Autorun.sys init. code &. IRQ handle $0600
Pg. 4 &. 5 not used by
Dsk Tool om v
cassette buffcr (128 bytes ) is u5ed $03FO
v
not used by 05k Tool 10Joe
PRo 3 serial bus handler [able is used $0300
P". 2 not used b Dsk Tool $0200
256 I\!. I stack area $0100
$eD and $eE ar" only (>g. 0
o Locations used o
v

Constant Description List

DSKTOOL.PTZ
ID NAME VAL DESCRIPTION
1 BACKGND 710 Background color register add ress (REGISTER 2) v
BLACK o Color value for black

2C
1 BORDER
U
FHI
UFLO
712
773
772
Border color register address (REGISTER 4)
Address of Disk buffer Pointer MSB

Address of Disk buffer Pointer LSB

BUFPTR 126 Va lue set to 126. Byte 126 of CASBUF contains the LSB of the next sector number .........
of the file being exam ined .
v
CASBUF 1021 Po inter to the sta rt of the cassette buffer.
CASPTR CASBUF+CASPTR Points to the absolute address in CASBUF of the LSB of the next sector ........,
numbe r for the current file .
1 CHAR 709 Character color register address (REGISTER 0 )
• CHNGBY 7729 Absolute address to beginning of Change Byte ML code.
CKLIM 475 line number to Basic routine.
CKROLM 590 Line number to Basic routine .
CKROLP 550 line number to Basic routine.
• CLlOC4 9023 Absolute address to ML routine which sets up IOCB4 for ML output of messages etc.
• CNTIN 8958 Absolute address to continue flag. Tells ML code if we are continuing a directory v
dump or sector trace.
3[ DAUX I 778 Add ress to disk AUX value LSB.

DAUX2 779 Address to disk AUX value MSB.

 ~
VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 97
~

~
4 [ DBYHI 777 Address ro disk byte coum MSB.
~
DBYLO 776 Address to disk byte count LSB.
~ DCOMM 770 Address to disk command byte location . Commands used by DISK TOOL are PUT
SETOR with verify and GET SECTOR.
~
DECHEX 1360 Line number to Basic routine.
~ DUNIT 769 Address to disk unit number. Location contains cu rrent drive being accessed.
• ENTLNK 8180 Absolute address to the Change links ML code.
~
• ERRFLG 7550 Absolute address to the error flag indicator in ML code.
~ Rag is set by ML code to indicate any errors.
Basic checks the flag to determine appropriate message.
~
ERTRAP 625 Line number to Basic rou tine.
~
• FILNUM 7556 Absolute address to ML location. Location contains the file number to wh ich the
current sector belongs.
~
• FINUMB 8179 Absolute add ress to ML location. Location contains the directory file number of a
~ file $0-$3F.
GREEN 214 Value for the color green.
~
GSEC 82 GET SECfOR disk command value.
~ HEXDEC 1275 Line number to Basic routine.
HILO 515 Line number to Basic routine.
~
• MESAGE 7430 Absolute address to ML code which displays items in CASBUF in HEX! ATASCI
~ format.
~
• NWLNK 8194 Absolute add ress to ML code which changes links d uring a mooify link ope ration .
PCHANGE 1085 Line number to Basic routine.
v PDIR 1420 Line number to Basic routine.
~
PHELP 1190 Line number to Basic routine.
PLUSMIN 865 Line number to Basic routine .
~ PMOD 1645 Line number to Basic routine.
~
PPRINT 1530 Line number to Basic routine.
PRECOVER 1930 Line number to Basic routine.
~ PROCINP 745 Line number to Basic routine.
~
PSEC 87 Disk command value fo r a PUT SECfOR with verify.
PSET 2030 Line number to Basic routine.
~ PTRACE 1795 Line number to Basic routine.
v
PWRITE 950 Line number to Basic rou tine.
• RECOVR 9077 Absolute add ress in ML code of recover flag. Used by ML code (Q distinguish a
v recover file from a trace file.
RED 64 Value for the color red.
~
• REDIR 7823 Absolute address in ML code to the read directory function.
~ SCROLL 660 Line number to Basic routine.
SETDSK 400 Line number to Basic routine.
~
SETSCRN 705 Line numbe r to Basic routine.
~ START 7420 Absolute address to the sta rt of DISK TOOL ML code.
• TOPSEC 7555 Absolute address to ML location. Location contains the MSB bf the sector number
~
currently being examined.
v • TRASEC 8224 Absolute address to the start of the TRACE SECTOR ML code.
TURQ 186 Value for the color turquoise.
v • WFLAG 7554 Absolute address to ML Write flag location. Informs the ML code if the next opera~
v rion is a read or write . 1= write
WHITE 10 Value for the color white.
~
YELLOW 26 Value for the color yellow.
~

10 EXPLANATIONS
~

1= Refe rences hold true for Graphics O. Other modes have diffe rent meanings. If confusion exists. see color register
~ assignment table in the ATARI BASIC Reference Manual.
~
PAGE 98 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMP END IUM VOL. 1

2= These locations point to an area in memory where we want the data on a disk sector to be placed after a read. O n a v
disk write, these locations point to the area of memory which contains the data to be written. Disk Tool sets these V
pointers to the cassette buffer since it is free when using the disk drive.
V
3= Locations contain sector number (LSB/ MSB format) of sector to read or write.
4 = Locations conta in number of bytes (LSB/ MSB format) to be read or written. v
*= Point to absolute locations in the ML code. In mOSt cases the Basic constant name is the sa me as the label name in V
the assembly source code. Exceptions are CNTIN for CONTIN and NWLNK for NEWLNK due to BASIC not
accepti ng CONTIN and NEWLNK. I could have used the LET statement but ... NAAHH!!!
V

VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST V

v
ARPT Pointer to each item in A$
DR IVE Current Disk Drive being used.
FIL Temporary file number variable. v
FIN File number input for TRACE or RECOVER.
HELP Help flag. l = Hel p menu is up. O= Help menu not up. Prevents printing the help scree n since it v
is in the wro ng graphics mode for the Print routine.
IDX Absolute index to sta rr of file entry in CASBUF.
LINBUF Pointer to A$ string in memory.
RELFI Relati ve file number of an entry in the directory.
SCAND Pointer to address of the start of the screen.
SECHI Hi by te of SECNUM. V
SECLOW Low byte of SECNUM. v
SECNUM Current sector number being read or written.
STSEC Directory Sta rt sectOr number of file being requested.
TEMP Va lue of ASCII character on the sc reen.
TSECH Temporary value of SECHI for DEC-HEX conversio n.
TSECL Temporary value of SECLOW for DEC-HEX conversion.
X M ISe variable.
Y M ISe va riable.

STR IN G CONSTANT LIST

v
NAME DESCRIPTION V
A$ Input for COMMANDS, NUMBERS (HEX or DECIMAL) and CHANGE BYTE [;ne.
AN$ Input string for various answers to prompts.
HEXREP$ String which holds the hex value of a converted decimal value.
HEXTAB$ Table of hex string values used by the OEC~HEX routine to convert a decimal number string to it's
hex equivalent. v

v
v

v
V
V
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DIUM PAGE 101

v
v

HOME ENERGY
CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS
v
v
v 16K Casse tte 32K D isk

........ by Joe E. Har b, Jr.

v
V "Thermowatts" and "Kilowatts" arc ATARI heating o r cooling is so low that the data becomes
BASIC programs which requ ire 16K RAM with cas- heavily biased by other ene rgy use. This bias makes it
J
sette and 32K RAM with disk. "Thcrmowuns" seem that consumption pe r degree day isabnormally
v analyzes yearly, monthly, and daily natural gas and high. To cil<lnge the threshold for cooling degree
electricity consumption and cost for homes which days, cha nge the value of MINCO in line 100 of
use both utilities. "K ilowatts" provid{-,s similar ana l- Kilowatts and 110 of Thermowatts. To change the
v ysis for all-electric homes. threshold of heating degree days, cha nge the va lue of
When we moved into our present house several MINHD on the same line.
v years ago. [ planned to make .. number of energy con- In order to furthe r minimize distortion by e1ec~
servation mooifications to the house. 1dt'dded chat I tricity consumption for uses othe r than heating and
would like to use my ATARI800 to determine what cooli ng, both programs subtract 400 kilowatts from
impact those modifications had on our energy con- each month's tOtal electricity usc before computing
v sumption and costs. That led to the writing of "Kilo- consu mption per degree day. (This subtractio n is not
watts" which 1 subsequently rewrote as "Thermo- performed in computing any other statistics.) The
V watts," using narural gas data which I still had on variable used in the subtraction is FCTR, also in Line
hand from my previous house. Both programs make 100/ 110. It can be changed if you feel your no n ~
provisions for yearly and monthly temperature nuc ~ heating/ cooling electricity use is higher or lower.
tuations. Statistics gl'neracoo by both programs can All REM statemems can be eliminated from both
be displayed on the sc reen or printed to a line print~ programs without requiring any line number
ec. cha nges. Additionally. if you feel the explanation of
Monthly and yearly tempe ratu re variations arc DATA staccmentsgiven in the following paragraph is
taken into consideration by analyzi ng kilowatt/ adequate, you can eliminate the instruction sub-
therm consumption per cooli ng/ heating degree day, routine (Li nes 6999~7 1 90 in both progra ms, 2050 in
v as appropriate. A heating degree day is each degree "Ki lowatts," and 2090 in "Thc rmowatts"). If you
that the average temperature drops below 65 degrees do not ha ve a primer, you can elim inate the primer
F on a given day. A cooling degree day is each degrce subroutines (Lines 2040 and 5999~6880 in "Ki l o ~
v above 65 degrees F. The total number of cooling and watts" and 2040. 2080 and 5999-6860 in "Thermo-
heating degree days ill each month can be obtai ned watts").
from your local weather bureau (Na tiona l Oceanic One DATA line is required fo r each month of
v and Atmospheric Administ ration - NOAA). Our data. DATA lines must be numbered in incremems
local NOAA office at Baltimore Washington Inter- of I , begin ning with Line 1000, i.e.,
national Airport kindly provided me with several
.... ttTt Jt.,1',.J!',!',51 , ••• )t,!, .•• " ••••
years of monthly degree day info rmation over the 1•• 1 ttTt fE •• 1',I.!1,2. , ' •.•• ,12,J •.••• l1 ....
telephone. 1112 ttTt ",I,l',5!I,ll. 51 . 'I , •• ,21 . 11,521 , 15
In a given month, a minimum of 100 cooling
degree days is required beforc thc progra ms will cal~ DATA statements must conta in : month (first three
culate cooling degree day consumption for that letters); year (last two digits); number of kilowatts
month. A minimum of 200 heating degree days is used; number of days in billing period; COSt of elcc ~
rt'ljuired for heating degree day analysis. This was tricity (paid on time and includi ng fuel su rcharge);
done because in months whcn the number of heating number of therms; COSt of natural gas; heating degrt"C
or cooling days is below the threshold, ene rgy usc for days; and cooling degree days. The number of

v
PAGE 102 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1
v
therms and cost of natu ral gas arc not used in "Kilo~ can be fur ther simplified by performing the whole
v
watts." All of the n:quired information except heat~ operation at one time:
ing and cooling degree days ca n be obtained from
'ISIlIOI 1%-lfl(STI$(Ill(M») . 'ffr("):1K
utility bill s. As explained above, the information on
heati ng and cooling degree days can be obtai ned In "Thermowatts," each of the subroutines for the
from your local NOAA office. menu options does double duty. Each subrou tine
If you have been looking for a relatively quick and computes either gas or electricity statist ics, depend~ v
easy way of neatly aligning col umns of figures, par~ ing on what is requested. The software accomplishes
ticularly those with decima l fra ctions, you might this by setting the variable T to a "0" or a" 1" during
want to consider using the technique I employed in menu selection . A "0" indicates that electricity data
several subroutines of both programs, for example in is to be processed, and a " I " indicates natural gas
Lines 3 170~3 190. It can be done in four easy steps: data. Each subroutine has statements which check
I. Decide the rightmost column for displaying a the value ofT and then select the appropriate data or
particula r set of figures. Then add I to that val ue. In print the proper column headings. For instance, in J
subroutine 3000, I wanted the la st digit of the vari~ Lines 3120~3I30, if T =O, the variable DD (degree
able X to be printed in colu mn II. I then added I to days ) = CD (cooling degree days) because elect r ic~
that number, for a total of 12. If yOll are aligning ity powers air conditioni ng equipment. [f T=l,
figures with deci mal fractions, use the column where OD = HD (heating degree days) because natural gas
the decimal poi nt is to be printed, and do nOt add 1. provides heat.
2. Measure the length of the variable by co n ve r t~ Du ring operation of these programs, do not
ing it to a string and using the LEN function. In line depress the return key at any time when respond ing
3170, LEN(STR$(lNT(X))) means calcu bte the to a screen prompt. Simply type the letter(s) or J
length (LEN) of the variable X after converti ng it [Q numbers desired for input. The GET statement will v
an integer (INT) and then [Q a stri ng (STR$). The determine which keyes ) you depressed. In order to
variable must be conver ted to a stri ng because the access the keyboard, a channel to the keyboard was
LEN function can onl y measure the length of string opened in Line 70.
variables. For this measurement, it is important to
convert a numer ic va riable to an intege r when the
variable includes a decimal fraction. TIlis is neces~ V aria bles u sed in Kilowatts an d Therm owatts.
sa ry because the ATARI eli minates final zeros after A: Used with GET to determi ne las t key depressed
the deci mal poi nt. Thus, 3.50 is d ispla yed 3.5. Con~ on keyboard.
seq uentl y, if you wished [Q align the numbers 3.5 and A I $; Used only in gas and electricity program.
Represents variations of the words "therm" or v
4 .27 and if YOll measured the whole length of the
variable, the columnar alignment of the numbers "ki lowatts" in column headings on screen or printer.
would be: Allows one subrouti ne to print head ings for gas or
3.5 electricity.
4.27 ANET: Used to represent electricty cost (NET) or
gas cost (GNET) whenever Single subroutine must
3. Pick a variable name for th e column where ca lculate either gas or elect ricity statistics. v
printing of the display variable is to begin. (I used A VG: Per kilowatt or per therm cost.
Cll in the example.) Then, usc the algorithm in this B: Use with A when more than one key input from
paragraph to calculate the column where printing is keyboard is required.
to begin. The algorithm subtracts the length of the C: Used with A & B when three~key input
integer portion of the str ing from the value c al cu~ required from key board.
lated in step 1. [n other words, the colu mn where CAVG: Average monthly consumption of v
printing is to begi n equals the length of the integer kilowatts per degree day. Used only in subroutine
portion of the va riable subtracted from the column 6000 of Kilowatts. See explanation un der COAVG .
where printing is to end. That is expressed in BASIC CD: Cooling degree days in a given month . v
as ell ~12-LEN( STR $(lNT(X))). This means ther C DAVG: Average annual consumption of v
the first digit of the variable X will be displayed at kilowatts per cooling degree day. Used only in sub~
screen column 12 minus the length of the integer X. routine 6000 of Kilowatts because both cool ing and v
4. Position the cursor at the column and row heating degree day information are analyzed and
where printing is to begin. This is done with the printed at the same time. In Thermowans, this is not
POSIT ION statement . [n line 3180, the cu rsor is necessary because there is so much data that separate
positioned at column CL I ,row PEEK(84). printouts are required for cooli ng and heating degree v
PEEK( 84) is the memory location of the cu rrent day consumption. Consequentl y. a single varia ble
cursor row. Finally, use the PRINT statement to dis~ DDA VG ca n perform double du ty.
play the variable on the screen. O nce you get used to CDD1V: Total number of Kilowatts used when
this process, it can be done fairly fase. Of course, it co mputing annual average consumption of Kilowatts

v
VOL. 1 T HE A.N.A. L. O.G. COMPE N DIUM PAGE 103

per cooling degree day. Used only in subroutine KPD$: Used to represent either variable KPD or
6000 of Kilowatts. See explanation under COA VO. letters "N / A" when priming out results of
CDTOT: Total number of cooling days per annum. kilowattsltherms per degree day computation.
Used only in subroutine 6000 of Kilowatts. See LINE: Last li ne of DATA.
explanation under CDAVO. lOYR: Lowest year of data in data base
CL I: (Column I); Column where printing of spe~ M$: Month of data contained in DATA line.
cified data begins. Used to righHustify screen MINCO: Minimum number of cooling degree
display. days necessa ry for computing electricity consump~
CL2: (Column 2); Used with CLl when more tion per cooling degree day.
than I column cannot be r ight~just i fied in some MINHD: Minimum number of heating degree
other way. days necessary fo r computing gas/ electricty
CL3: (Column 3); Used with ClI and Cl2 when consumption per degree day.
more than two columns cannot be r ight~just i fied in NET: Cost of electricity without late charge.
some other way. NR: Used to calculate number of months in data
CL4: (Column 4 ); Used with CLl, eL2 and CL3 base.
when more than three columns cannot be right~ PRNT$: One PRNT$ string is created fo r each line
justified in some other way. of data to be printed with the line printer in sub~
routine 6000. Allows da ta to be aligned easily in
COST: Total annual COSt of gas or electricity.
DAYS: Number of days during billing period. columns wi thout using TAB functions which vary
from printer to printer.
DO: Used to represent either cooling or heating
degree days in subroutines where either can be used. R$: Represents month in subroutine 6460/ 6570
DDAVG: Average an nual use of Kilowatts or to compa re same month of d ifferent years.
therms per cooli ng or heating degree day. SET: Sets flag when high line of page print reached
DDN$: Used in subroutines 3cxx), S()(X), and 6O(X) du ring loop.
T: A flag. In Thermowatts, it is set during menu
to represent words "HEAT" or "COOL" in column
selection. It is used later in subroutines to identify
headings, depend ing on whether user has requested
whether gas or electricity data is to be processed. In
cooli ng o r heating degree day information.
Kilowatts, it is set at beginning of subroutines 3000
DDT: Total number of heati ng/ cooling degree
and 5000 to identify whether user has requested
days in a given year.
information on consumption per cooling o r heating
DIV; Total number of energy units used when degree day. This is unnecessary in Thermowatts
computing an nual average consumption per degree because the choice of desired information is implied
day. Used in subroutine 5000 of Thermowatts and by menu selection of electricty or natural gas data.
subroutines 5000 and 6000 of Kilowatts. TIME: Last line pri nted on pr inter.
FCTR: Estimated minimum amount of electr icity UNITS: Kilowatts used during billing peri od.
used monthly for uses other than heating or cooling. UP: Average daily kilowatt or the rm consump~
Subtracted from UNITS before computing con~ tioo.
sumption per degree day. Can be raised or lowered if USE: Total annua l consumption of gas or
estimated minimum is different. electricity.
GNET: Cost of gas without late charge. Y: Year of data on DATA line.
OUNITS: Therms of gas used du ri ng bi ll ing YR: Year of data being processed.
period. Z: Index variable for loops, i.e., keeps track of no.
HAVG: Average monthly consumption of of times loop has occurred. 0
kilowatts per heating degree day. Used only in sub~
routine 600 of Kilmvatts. See explanation unde r
CDAVG. Th e.-m o wa tt s
HODlV: Total number of kilowatts used when
II ? """:POI(E 82,'
computing average annual consumption of kilowatts 21 ., .. THEAMOMQTTS"
per heating degree day. Used only in subroutine 600 31 ? " GAS " ElECTAXCITv "
.1 ., "' AMAL VSIS PAOGAO ... · : ..,
of Kilowatts. See explanation under COAVG. 51 ., " IV J OE HAAB":"
HDTOT: Total number of heati ng degree days per 61 ? :? "'DURnn; OPEROlIOM OF THIS PAOC;
RoM, DO MOTDEPAfSS RfTUAM KEV OFTER TV
annum. Used only in subroutine 6000 of Kilowatts. PUG AMSNEAS TO PRO,.TS"
See explanation of under CDA VG. 71 OPf. Ul , 4,8,"K:":RE" OPE_ KfVBOARD
TO GET IMPUTS NNE. eET STATENEMT IS US
HIYR: High year in data base. ED THROUGHOUT PROGRAM
Hl: No. of lines to be printed on each page. 88 ? :? "DEPRESS AIV KEV TO COITIIUE."
: GfT 1I1,A:? "II;"
K$: Month (or which data requested in menu 1 •• DJM 01$("LA2$(6J,DDM$C.J,M$(lJ , K$
options A, B, E, and F. (3) , KPD$(6),PR.T$(65),A$(3)
I I I NI.CD=I":~.HD=2":FCTR=4":Rf" "
KPO: Average number of kilowatts or therms per I.CD=MIlIMU" COOL I.' DAVS KECESSARV FO
degree day. ACOtFUTATIOW
PAGE 104 THE A .N .A.l.O.G . COMPEN DIUM VOl. 1

.122 DATA IOU,el,6'8.31,38.2 1 ,33,27 . 6'

128 REM Al$ & A2$ ARE USED TO PRIIT VA ,621,1
AIATIOIS OF THE MOROS KWATTS OR THERMS .823 OOTA DEC,e',778,3.,33.",'1,3' . "
SO OlE SUBROUTIIE CAl BE USED fOR ,'88.1
J38 REM ELECTRICITY OR G6S COMPUTOTIO. 1'2. DATA JA.,81.6'2,2e.28 . 85 , Se,sl.17
288 .EM CALCULATE : TOTAL MOITHS OF OAT ,11'5, •
A '""; LON YEAR OF DATA (LOYR' ; AMD H II" DATA E.O,"',., •••••••••••
IG" YEAR OF DATA 'HIYR' I'" A~" ~.U SUBROUTI.E
21. IA=I 2 •• 8 1 "THIS PROGRAM AllOM5 THE FOlLON
2Z. READ ~,Y.U.IT5,D6YS •• ET,'U.ITS.'. II' SELECTIOIS:": 1
ET.HD.Co 2111 1 .. A. TOTAL ..,ITHL V AID AVER
23. REM NS=MO.TH. V=YEAP, UMIT5=KILOWO AGE DAILY KILOMATT U5["
TTS USED , GU.ITS=&A5 THEAM USED I. BI 2.28 ., .. B. TOTAL ..,ITHL V .10 AUER
LUMG PERIOD A'E DOILY KIlO_TT COST"
24' REM DAVS= ... . OF DAYS 1M BILLY., PE 2'18 1 " C. TOTAL A'"UlIll KILOWATT
RTOD USE AID COS T"
258 REM .ET=COST OF ELECT'ICITY MMEM B 21.8 1 " O. P.I.TOUT OF ALL ElECTR v
ILL PAID Olf TIME, G.£T=COST OF GA~ PAl ICAI. USE DATA"
o O. TINE 2.5, ., .. E, TOTAL ..,I'HLY AID AVER
268 'E" CALCULATE .A . OF MOITHS OF IIF A'E DAILY GAS THERM USE"
o 1M OAT6 BA5EC"A', HIGH YEAR OF DATAr 2168 '? .. F. TOTAL . .ITHLY AMD AVER
HIVAJ, , LON YEAA OF DAT6'LOYRJ AGE un V THEA" COST"
27' 1.0YA=V:AESTORE 2178 1 .. G. TOTAL AM.UAL THE." USE
288 READ ~.Y,UIITS,DAYS ... ET,'U.ITS,G. •• 0 COST"
ET.HO CO Z888 ., .. H. P'I .. TOUT OF ALL GAS US
2,. If M$="EID" THEN AESTORE :,OTO 2 •• E D6TA"
•
J8. IA =IR+t : HIYR =Y
3U GOTO 2.1
,.
28'8 '? ..
2188 '? ..
I, DATA I .. PUT IISTRUCTtO"
J . EMIT PROGRAM" v
"8 RE" SUBROUTIME TO GET IMPUT FOR ME 2118 RE" GET IS USED TO DETERMIIE LETT
tlU OPTJOIS AL 8 1 EL F1 THEM CLEAR IMPU E. TVPED 01 lEV 80ARD; 6=ATASCI UALUE
T aUESTIOIS ~ROM ScAE~1 TO ALLOW OF LETTE. TVPED
." REM DISPLAY OF ADOtTlnlAL DAT6 2128 '1 "TYPE LETTER OF OPTIOI YOU WAn
5 •• ., "TYPE FIRST THREE LETTERS OF MOW u:GET IIl,A:1 .....
TH YOU WAIT . " : (;[T 'II.A:&£T 1I',8:IOET 2118 T=8:IF A=65 THEI 3"8:'EM T IS FL
ISl,C A' TO TELL LATER SUB'OUTIIIES WHETHE. G
St. REM WEMT LIME COIUERTS ATASCI UALU AS O' ELECTRICITY AMALYSIS REQUESTED
ES TYPED O. KEYBOARD TO 6 STAII& 21'. IF A=66 THE" ••••
St. KS =CHAS'A, : "S'LEI(KSJ+IJ=CHR$(BJ:K 2158 IF 0=67 THE. 5.8.
$(lE.'K$'+I'=CHA$'CJ:(Jf)SIIB 518 : RETUA. 2168 IF A=68 THE .. OPE" 114 II 8 "P:": GOT
..
51. POKE 84.PEEK'8" - 2:FOA Z=8 TO 1:"
" : WEMT l : REM :n SP6CFS
o 6.,,:REM OPEl CHAIIEL T6 ~RtITER
217. T=I:IF A=6' THEI 11 ••
21e8 IF A=71 THE •••••
548 POKE 84,PEEK'84J-1:RETUAM 21" IF A=71 THEIS.,.
188' OAT6 JAW,7' , 624 , 16 , 26.2',5l,36.18 22.8 IF A= 72 THEI OPEl "",8 , '."P:":GOT
, '84,'
1881 DATO FE8,7',6'2 ,3 1,25.'8,6',41.4'
o 6".
2218 IF A=73 THE I 78 ••
,11 •• ,8 222. IF A=74 THE" POKE 82,2:E"D
18.2 DATA ~R,7',536,1',21.65,55,4' . 61 2'" REM SUB.OUTIIE FOR MEMU OPTIO.S A
,528,J5 , f
1813 DATA OPR,7','54,38,1' . 88,",3S.21 38.9 GOSU8 581
,154 ••
1.14 DATA ~Y,7',527.32.27 . 'l,".31.55 ..
3.1. IF T=, THEN Do .. S="COOL .. :AIS= .......
,75 71
IllS DATA JUM,7',76B,2',38 . '6,33,22 . 75
,6,183
....
3128 IF T=l THE. DDM$="HE6T": Al$="THER
3838 ., to AUG TOT6t
.1.6 DATA JUl ,7',12Bl,38,55 . 6S.18.'." "UG ";AlS:AE" 15 SPACES BEFORE AUG
, 2 3'8 38.8 1 " TOTAL oAIL Y "; oo .. S;
'li7 DATA AUG,7',6'I,7',36 . 45,8,8 . 58,3 " USE"
,3' t
1 •• 8 DATA
6,22 , .'5
S[P.7',1242.1'.52.16,12,1'.1
3158 ., "
EE PEA"; DOIS
3'68 ., "MOITH
";AIS;" ";AIS;"
USE
•••
USE DAYS
.81' DATA OCT.7'.S7l,JR,74 . 4J,2' , Z' . ll DGREE DAY"
311,28 3178 FO. Z=l TO I.
t.18 DATO MOU,7',686.12, 2 7.'Z,32,1S.67 l'e8 READ M$.Y , UIITS.OAYS,.ET.GU.ITS.G
,'25, :I IET,HO,CO
till DATA oEC.7'.688.Jl,2fi . 75 •• ' •••.• 3 1"8 IF M$()KS THEI 12 ••
,757,1 3188 M=UlfITS:IF T=1 THEM X=GU .. ITS
18.2 DATO JOW,8' , 61',18,2'.'S,Sl,18.88 1118 UP =I.T(I •••• )(/06VS)/18.8:REM COMP
'62 , . UTE U.ITS PEA DAY AMD LIMIT DECI~L PL
i.13 DATA FE8,1',517,12,18.'7,57.'5,'8 ACES DISPLAYED
1128 If T=. THE I oD=CD:IF CD)MIICD THE v
\ '."••
7 •••• T. MAA,I.,52',1',11.41.58,'I . " .. 3151
723,' Ill. IF T=. THE. DD=HO:IF HD)MrIHD THE
i •• 5OATO AP',81,521.38,2' . 6',1'.23.85 I FCTA=':&OTO 1151
,273.' 31 •• IF CO<=MIICD OR Ho(=MIIHD THEW IP
•• 16 DOTA M6Y,'8,5'1.32,3'.e2,22,le . '7 D$="./A":'OTO 1171
•7' '7
1817 oOTA JUI , el,73',2'.37.'8,16,18."
115. . . PD=I.TCI . . . . 'H-FCTRJ/"DD/l.'*O ..
YS)"I"':KPD$=ST.S'KPo):RE" COMPUTE U
6 2'3 IITS PER OE"EE DAY
1.18 DATA JUl,e',1611.1','8 . 7',11,7.41 3168 REM LIMES 317'-31" ALI'" AID PRI
,8,'15 IT SCAEE. DISPLAY
" 1 ' DATA oU,.e'.818,2',53.52.e,6.66,' 3178 Cll=12-LEI'ST,S(IITCXJ'J:CL2:17-l
,':11 EM'STA$(IMT(UP)'):Cl3=27-LEICSTRS(OD))
1828 DATA 5EP,88.153',32,7'.26,15,18,7 :Cl'=32-LEI(ST'S(IIT(KPD'"
7,28,2'5 3188 't tIS;" "'V'" I f , :P05I'IO. CLl,PEE
1.2J DATA OCT,e',58'.3'.38,'5.28,22.8' K(e'):1 X;:PO~ltIO. ~L2,PEEK(8":' UP;
,111,17 :P05ITIO' CL3,PEfl(8":1 DD;
VOL 1 TH E A .N. A.L.O .G . CO MPEN DIUM PAGE 105

31'8 POSITIO. CL',PEEK( •• ,:,,? KPDS

3218 .EXT l : RESTORE
6." • ., .. ;.,
;DOIS;" ";Al$:A£" 26 SPACES BEFORr
"
JUI 1 : '? "DO YOU MA.T TO LOOK AT AIOT 00.$
HER MOlITH"? TVPf V OR I . .. : (OET IU, A 6159 '? IU;" ";iUS;" TOTAL
l22. IF A=8' THfll 'OSUB Sll:'OSUB 51.: DEGREE PfR": RE" , SPACES BEFORE AU
GO TO l871
121. 1 "1Ij":GOTO Z•••
6.6.
.vs
"? . . ;"VfAA U<jED
DGA DI)V":LPAI.T
COST D
1'" REM SUBROUTIIE FOR MEIiU OPTIOIS e ti.78 TIME:TIME+5:VA=LOVR
&F 6888 USf:I:COST:8:DDT=.:DIU=1
..... Gosue S88 68'8 PAt"S="
4'18 '? .. ..,.TH TOTAL TOTAL UIIT"
•• 28 AIS= .. k.... ":IF T=1 THEI Al$="'T"ER ":AE" 65 SPACES
M" 61 •• FOR Z:1 TO MR:RE" CALCULATE I)IIIUA
4.l1 .., .. ";AI$;" COST COS l COIiSUMPTIO. A.D COST
T":RE" , SPACES BEFORE Al$ 6118 AEAD M$,v,U.ITS,OAVS~NfT,GUIIITS"
•••• FDA Z=l TO lIR IIfT,HO,CD
•• 5. READ MS,V,UIITS,DAYS,IIET,GUIITS,G 6128 X=UIIITS:I)I£T:.ET:If T=1 THE I X=GU
lET HD,CD IIT5:AlfT=GIET
"68 IF M$()"$ THEI '111 6138 IF V()VA THEI 61al
"7. K=UIITS:ANET=lIET:IF T=1 THEI K='U 61 •• If T=, THEIi DD=CD:If CD(:MIIICD TH
InS:AIET='IIET EN DD=8:(;OTO 6179
'.88 AUG=IIT(1188 . . (AIIET/X))/18 •• 8:RE" 6151 If T:l THEIi DD=HD:If HD(=MIIIHD TH
CALCULATE COST PEA UIIT EI DD:8:(;OTO 6179
4.'. CLI=13-lEI(STA$(K)):CL2:1'-LEM(ST 6169 DDT:DDT+DO:DJU=DJU+X-FCTA
A$ (llIT ('.ET))) 6179 USE:USE+X:COST=COST+A.ET
4188 '? tIS;" "; V; : POSITIOI CLI, PEEk (84) 61B. IEXT l:AESTORE
:1 X;" "; :POStTIOI CLZ,PEE"(84):'? A. 61'9 DDAue:.:If DDT). THEM DDAU(O=IIIT(J
ET;:POSITIOIi ZStPEEk(8 .. ':1 AUG 1 ••DIU'DDTJ'118
4118 .EXT Z:AfS ORE :'? 62.1 PANTS(11-lEII(STRS(USE)),12'=STAS(
.128 .., :1 "DO YOU MA.T TO LOOk AT OllOl USE)
HEA MOlITH'? TVPE V OA I.": GET JlI, A 621. PRlIT$(la - lEM(STA$(I.T(COST"),ZI)
.138 IF 6=8' THEIi 'OSU8 S3.:GOSU8 58.: :STR$(COSn
'OTO ".8 6221 PRNT$(Za - lEII(5TRS(ODT)',3IJ:STRS(
.1 •• '? "1Ij":GOTO 2.88 DDTJ
. " , REM SUBAOUTIIE FDA ME.U OPTIO.S C 623. PRNT$(3l-LEII(STAS(I.T(ODAV(o')),l6
& G , =STAS CDDt/iU,)
58 •• IF T=8 THEIi DDlIS="COOL":AI$:"kM6T 624' '? "·VR+l'.9·PRITS:TlME=TIME+l
TS" 6258 VR:v6+1:IF V6(HIVA+l THEIi 68a.
581. IF T:l THEM DDM$:"HE6T":AlS:"THEA 6269 LPRIliT :TIHE=TIME+I
ftS":FCTA=8 6l" AE" CALCULATE AID PAIMT MONTHLV
5.29 YR=LOVA DATA. SU8AOUTI.E 6.1. PAIMTS COLU~
5'38 .., " ";DDIIS;" HEODI.S 01 EACH SHEET OF PAPER
AUG ";U$:RE" 22 SPACES BEFORE DD.S 6"'8 GOSUB 641.:&OTO 6"7,
5"8 ., .. ";AlS;" OGAEE 6.19 AlS="kIMTT" : DDII$:"COOl":IF T=1 TH
PEA 'GREE" : REM , SPACES BEFORE D'REE EI Al$="THER ... ': OD.S=o'H£AT"
5'5' 1 "VEAA USED COST DAYS D 6428 PRIIiT ";"
I)V" ";AJ$ : AE"
SB69 USE=8:COST=8:DDT=8:DIU=. 51 SPACES BEFORE Al$
5.7. FOR 1:1 TO .A 6£31 PAIIT . . ; "NOITH DAIl V ..,lITHL
S'S8 READ M$,Y,UIITS,DOVS,IIET,'UIIITS,G V TOTl)l COST ";DOIlS;" PEA"
IET,HD,CD 6.49 PAIIT ,,;0' "'AIS;" "'AI
58" X=UIITS:A.ET=IET:IF T:I THEIi x:'u $;" ..,NTHl V PEA DEGAEE DE(oREf
Ins: AIIET:'.ET ":AE" , SPACES "EFOAE U$
5188 IF V()VR THE. 5158 6.58 PRUT . . ; 0' USE USE
5118 IF T=8 THEI DD=CD:IF CD(=NIIICD TH COST ";4I11S;" DAVS OAV":TI"
EI DD=8:&OTO 5148 E=TIME+,:AEM , SPI)CES BEfORE USE
5128 If '=1 THEM DD=HD:IF HD(=MJIIHD TH 6'68 AETUAIi
EI 00=8:&OTO 5140 6.79 A$="JAN":'OSUB 66.'
5138 OOT=DDT+DD:DIU=DIU+X-FCTA 648. AS="FEB":GOSUB 668.
5148 USE=USE+X:COST=COST+A.ET 64'9 A$="MAA":'05UB 66 ••
5158 .EXT Z:AESTOAE 6588 RS="APR":GOSUB 66 ••
5168 DDAU&=I:IF DDT), THEIi DDAUG:I.T(I 6511 RS="MAV":GOSUB " ••
8.I.DIU'DDT)'I •• 8 6528 AS="JU.": 'OSUII 66.1
5178 CLl=I I -LEI(STAS(USEJJ:Cl2=17-lEII( 6531 AS=".JUl":'OSUB '68'
STRS(I.T(COST))J:Cll:26- lEI(STAS(DDT') 654. A$:"AUG o.: 'OSUB 661.
:Cl4=l8- LEII(STRS(I.T(DDOUGJJ' 6558 A$:"SEP":'OSUB 668.
51B8 ., YA+l'.';:POSITIO. ClI,PEEk(a'J: 6568 A$:o'OCT": GOSUII 661.
? USf,:POSITIOIi ClZ,PEEK(a'):'? COST; 6571 AS="1I0U":'OSUIl 66 ••
51'8 POSITIOI Cll,PEE"(B4):'? DDT;:POSI 65a8 R$="DEC":'OSUB 6688
TIOM CL',PEEK(a4':,? DOAVG 65'. CLOSE . . : '? "II": GOTO 281.
5211 VA:VR+l:IF VR(HIVA+l THE I 5161 6618 FDA Z=1 TO IA
5219 '? "DEPRESS ANV KEV TO RETURM TO " 6611 PAU$:"
EIU.":'ET Jll,A
522. '? "1Ij":GOTO 2111 "6628 AEI)D M$,Y,UIITS,DAVS,.ET,GUIITS,(O
5'" REM SUIROUTIIE fOR MEIU OPTIO.S D
& H FOA (LIME PRIIiTEA' IET,HD,CD
6'" TIME=I: SET=,:'" "TVPE NU_EA OF LJ 6618 IF M$()RS THE. 688'
.E<j PEA PA'E TO BE PRJIITED": GET IU 66". X:U.ITS:AIET=IET:IF 1=1 THE. X='U
,A:G£T Ul,I:HL:((A-'B)*11'+(B-48J IITS:AIET:IIET
68., LPAIIT CHRS(Z7';CHA$(S6):RE" DISA 665. UP=IIT(I'''(X/DI)VS))/l'e
IlE [PSOIi PAINTEA "EID OF PAPER" FUIiCT 66'8 AU':I.T(t . . . . (A.ET'X"'I •••
10_ 6679 IF T=. THE I DO=CO:IF CO)=MIICD TH
6'2' A.$="kWATTS·':DD.$:"COOL":IF T:l T EI 67 ••
HE. Al$="THEA"S":DDI$="HEAT":FCTA=1 6688 IF T=1 THEI DO:Ho:If HD):MIIHD TM
'138 .., ";" T EI 678.
OTAL AUG":Af" 26 <jPACES afFORE TOTA 66'8 If CD(MIICD 01 HO(MIIHo THEN KPD=
l ':'OTO 671'
PAGE 106 THE A.NAL .O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1

67 •• KPD:I.'(l . . . . CH-fCTAJ/(CDD/l.)*Od
YSJ, 111 •• : 1,'0 5=5 TRS (I(PO)
6718 PAI,$C6-lEJI'STA$(XI'CUP)'J , 8J:STR
SCUP)
6728 PAI'$(17-LEI'STA$(X».16J:STR$(XJ
6738 PRI'$(25-LEICSTR$(II'(AIET))) 121)
=STAS U.'En
674. PRI'$(Jl - lEICSTR$(II'CAU')'),J4J=
STAS (AUG)
6758 PRI'$(41-LEICSTR$(DD) , •• ':STA$CD
.J
6768 IF I(PD=8 THE. PAIT$
(iOl0 61 ••
'e" 51) :"I/A":
677. PAIT$(48-lEICSTR$(II'CICPD»),51J:
STA$ (ICPDJ
6788 PRIIT U4;HS;" ";Vi'AIITS
67" TIME=TIME+l!IF TlNE:Hl 'HE' SET=1
6.8e IEXT Z: AESTOAE
6818 IF SET=. THEW 6858
6828 IF , AS:"'DEC" 'HEIII 686.
6U8 ? "I.SEAT .IOTHER SHEET Of PAPER;
'HEM DEPRESS All., KEY. to: GET SU, A
6'4' TlME=I:SET=8 : GOSUB '411
6858 LPRI., :TIME=TlNE+l:If TIME=HL TH
EI 6821 •
6868 RETURI
6'" REM IISTRUCTIOMS FOR PREPARIMG DA
TA LINES K il o waus
71 •• ? """:LINE=NR+'"
711. ? "FOR EACH NOMTH OF DATA YOU HAU
E YOU tlJST TYPE ONE DATA LINE.":?
7il. '? "THE FIRST DATA LINE ... ST BE IU l8 POKE 82.8
. . ERED ...... Z8 ., "1Ii:"- KILOWATTS"
7'll ? "AFTER THAT. EACH DATA LINE MUS I I ? .. ELECTJUCITY"
T BE NUMBERED ONE HIGHER THAN THE C. 1 " ANAL YSIS PRO'RA""
LAST, FOR" 51 ., " 8V JOE HAAB"
714. '? ·'EHA. . LE •••• MUST BE FOllOWED 61 1 ""DUAIN' OPERIHION OF THIS PROU
BY."., ."2, .'Il ....... ETC.":'? AM. DO NOT DEPRESS RETURN KEV lIF
7158 ? '"DEPRESS ANV KEY WHEN READV FOR TEA TYPU' ANSWERS TO PROMPTS . "
NEMT INSTRUCTIONS . ":GET IU , A 78 OPEN IU. C, 8. "K:": REM OPEN KEYBOARD
..717. ? "1'" DATA OCT . S2.13S8.3I,7' . 2S
71'1 ? "REGUIRED FORMAT FOR DATA LIIE: TO GET IIPUTS LATER II PROGRAM WHEN C
ET STATEMENT IS USED
88 ? : 1 "DEPRESS ANV KEY TO COITINU[."
, .. I . lS . 2I,67S '" :'ET IU , A
7"8 '? "DATA t TEMS liRE:
1.,.
15."
?
II
"I. NOITH; MUST BE 3 LETTERS LO
,. DIM DDN$(C'.M$(l),K$(3),KPD$(6' , PRI
TS (65', R$ (3)
188 KlNCD=188:KlNHD=2,, : FCTR=C.8:REM M
7118 '? "2. VEAR; MUST BE 2 NUteER'S LOI IICO=MIlIHUM COOLIN' DAYS NECESSARY FO
G. " RCOMPUTATION
7118 ? "3. IUteEA Of KILOWATTS USED DU 118 REM NIIHD=MYNIHUM HEAT II' 'E'REE D
RIIG ,..,IT"" AYS NECESSARY
7128 ? ..... IUteEA Of DAYS II BIlLII' P 128 REM fCTR=IR. OF KILOWATTS TO BE SU
ERIOD" BTRAClED fROM MONTHLY KILOWATT USE WHE
7U8 ? "5 . lET COST Of ELECTRICITY II N COMPUTIN' DEGREE DAYS .
BILL IN' PERIOD. DO NOT USE '$' BEfOR 138 REM SUBTRACT IN' fCTA REDUCES EMTE.
E COST . " T TO WHICH OTHER HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITV
7 ... 1 ? "'. lUMBER Of THEAw.; USED DUAII USE BIASES HEAT IN' AND COOLIN' STATS
G BILL II' PERIOD . " 2.1 REM CALCULATE: TOTAL ~ITHS Of OAT
715. ? "7. lET GAS COST DURIle; DIlLII6 A CIA); LON YElIA Of DATA CLOVAl ; AND H
PEAIOD." I'H YEAR Of DATil (HIYR)
7168 ? " S. HEAT II' DE'AEE DAYS II BILL 218 IR =I
II' PEAIOD . " 221 AEAD M$,Y.UNITS.DAYS,I£T.HD,CD
71.11 ? .. , . COOLllSO DE'REE DAYS II BILL 238 REM M$=...,ITH. V=YEAR , UIITS=KILOMA
IN' PERIOD." TTS USED USED IN BILLII' PERIOD
7188 ? "THE LAST LINE OF DATA YOU ENTE 2C8 REM DAYS=IR . Of DAYS II BILLI.' PE
RED MAS: ";LIIE RIOO
7.,. ? "10M BEGII TYPIIG lEN DAlA LIIE 258 REM IET=COST Of ELECTRICITY WHEN 8
S ." ILL PAID O. TIME.DD=DE'REE DAYS DUAIN'
BILLIIG ""ITH
• 268 REM HD=HEATII' DEGREE DAYS
27. REM CD=COOLII' DEGREE DAYS
28a LOYR=Y:AESTORE
C H ECKSU M DATA 2" READ M$.Y.UIITS,DAYS,IET , HD , CD
3.8 If 1'1$ ="[10" THE I AE STORE : 'OTO 2 ••
(See pg'_ 7- 10)
•
318 MA=IR+1 : HIVA=V
328 GOTO 2,.
,'S REM SUSROUTIIE TO 'ET IIPUT fOA ME
NU OPTIOIS A & 8; THE_ CLEAR IIPUT OUE
5TIOIS fROM SCREEI TO AllOW DISPLAV
.. " REM Of ADDITIO_Al DATA
S.. ., " IIjTYPE fIAST THAEE LETTEAS Of MIl
NTH YOU MAMT.":'ET #I . A:&ET Ul . B: GET
al . c
5.8 REM IEMT LIIE COIUERT S ATASCI UALU
ES TVPED ON kEYBOAAD TO A STAll'
5 t 8 K$ =C HA$(A) : K$ (LE_'K$J+ l ' =C HR$'BJ:K
$(LE _'K $ ' +IJ =C HA $ ( C) :G OSUB SJ 8 : AET UA_
VOL . 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMP ENDIUM PAGE 107

53. POKE 84,PEEK(84)-2:FOR l:1 TO 1:1 .Ise IF N$()K$ THEN 41"

" .868 AUG=t.Y(l •• e8*C.ET/u.trS))/l •••• :
RE" CALCULATE AUERAGE DaILV USE
•• 7. CLl=11-LE.(STA$(I.~(U.ITS))):Cl2=
1'-L EReSTR$CIITCNET)))
.. 888 '1 MS;" ";Y; :P05ITIOI ClJ,P[EICUI"
1'" :1 UIIIlTS;" "; :PDSITIOJl CL2,PEEKCS'):
2818 THE FOllO ? NET;:P05JTION 25,P££1(8'):1 aue
IUN' 48'. NEXT I:AESTORE
2818 1 " AUER 4U8 ? :1 uDO YOU IMNT TO LOOK AT lIII.or
AGE DAILY HER NONT"? TYPE Y OR iii." : GET IU, A
2828 'I " B. AUER 4118 IF 4=8' THEN '0508 531:&05U8 588:
AGE DAILY GOlD 4838
2138 1 to c. 4128 ? "I\:":(;OTO 2"0
USE U1D COST" . " , REM 'jUBROUTINE FOR NENU OPTION C
2148 ? .. D. PRINTOUT OF All ElECTR
Icol
2158 1 ..
u,. DATO"
E. DATA INPUT INSTRUCTION
5118 '1 "11100 YOU NAN' TO I"elUDE INfOR"
ATIOM O.
" : GET
HEATI.' CH, OR COOLINe
au, ill: YA=LOYR
(C) ~

'"2860
2878
'I
'I
" F . EKIT PROGRA"": ?
"TYPE lETTER OF OPTION YOU wan
5118 IF 4=67 THEN DDNS:"COOL":T= 8
5828 If 4=72 THE. DO.$:""£AY": T=1
5138 ? f. ";DDNS;"
. ":GET IIl,A AUG ktMTT":RE" 22 SPACES BEFORE DON
28e8 RE" GET IS USED TO OETER~lIE lETT $
ER TYPED Oll KEYBOARD; A=ATASCI UAlUE 0 5_48 '? "VEAR IeMATTS DGAEE P
F LETTER TYPED EA OGREf": REM 18 SPACES BEFOAE OGREE
28'9 IF A=65 THEN 3888 S85e '? " U~EO COST DAYS D
2180 IF 0:66 THEli 48.8 AY"
2118 IF A=67 THEli 58.8 5868 USE=8:COST=8 : DOT:8 : 0IU:8
2128 IF 0=68 THEN TRAP 2161:0PEN aA,a, 5878 FOR l:1 TO lIR
I,"P:" : TRAP 18808:GOTO 6888 5188 READ MS,V.UlIITS.OAYS,NET.HO,CD
2138 IF 0=6' THEN 7888 5.'8 IF Y()YR THEN 5148'
2148 IF 0:78 THEli POKE 82,2:ElID SIll IF T:I THEli DO : CO:IF CO(:MINCO TH
2158 GO TO 2878 EN OD=8:GOTO 5138
2168 REM PAINTER EAAOA MESSAGE 5118 IF T=l THEli DO =HO:IF HO(=MINHD TH
2178 CLOSE IU: '? "PAINTER IS NOT ON-LIN EN OO=O:GOTO 5138
E ,[Jo': TAAP 18818: GOTO 2178 5128 OOT=DDT+OD:OJU =DIU+UlIrTS-FCTR
2'~' AEM SUBAOUTINE FOR NENU OPTIOli A 5J38 U~E=USE+UlIITS:COST = COST+NET
3188 GOSUB 588 5148 lIEHT l : AESTOAE
3810 ? "DO YOU won TO INCLUDE INFOAMA 5158 OOAUG:_:IF DOT)8 THEli ODAUG:tNT(1
TJON Oll HEATIlIG(K), COOLING(C) OR liE 88*OIU/Don/18e
ITHEA un '?": GET 111. A: liosua 538 5168 Cll:17 - LElieSTR$eJNTCCOST)'):CL2:2
3820 IF A:67 THEN DDNS:"COOL":T:8 6- lEN(5TA$(IlIT(DDT))):CL3=31-LElI(STA$(
3838 IF A=72 TKEN DDNS:"HEAT": T=1 In (ODAUG)))
3840 IF A=78 THEN DONS =" ": T=2: DD=I 5178 ? YR+1'18;" ";USE;" "; :POSITIO
38se ., "MOnK TOTAL AUG TOTAL A II CLl i PEEK(84, :? COST;:PosrTIOI CL2.PE
UG kWU" EI(84':? DDT;:POSITIOli eL3,PEEK(8'"
3860 ? " KWU DAIL Y DGREE P 5188 '? OOAUG
fA "; DONS: AEM 8 SPACES BEFORE kMU 51'0 YR=YA+l : IF VR(HIYR+1 TKEN 5868
1878 '? to KNlI USE DAYS D 5288 AESTORE
GREf DAY": REM 14 SPACES BEfORE kNll S2l8 '? :? "DEPRESS ANV lEY TO RETURli T
38e9 FOA l:1 TO NA o MENU.":GET IIl,A
38'0 READ MS,Y,UNITS.DAYS,NET,HO,CO 5228 GOTO 2888
3118 IF MS()kS THEN 3281 5'" AEM SUBROUTINE fDA MENU OPTION 0
3110 UP:INT(I ••*U.ITS/OAYS)/188:RE" CO 6180 THtE=l: SET:e:? "'HYPE lIUMBER OF l
HPUTE UNITS PEA OAV AND LIMIT OECI~L IllES PEA PAGE TO BE PAIN'ED.":GET
PLACES DISPLAYED IIl,A:&ET D1.B:HL = ((A - 48)*I')+(B - 48'
3120 IF T:I THEli DO:CO:IF CO)MIliCO THE 6818 lPRIliT CHR$(27);CHA$(56):RE" OISA
II GOTO 3158 IIlE EPSON "END OF PAPER" fUliCTIOli
3130 IF T=l THEN OD =HD:IF HD)~NHD THE 6828 ? IU;" TOT
II GOTO 3158 Al AUG TOTAL AUC": AEM 2" SPACE S
314ft IF T=2 OR CD(:MINCO OR KO(=MINHO BEFORE TOTAL
THEli kPDS:"N/A":GOTO 3178 6838 ? 114;" HEO
3150 KPD=IlIT(II.*(UliITS - fCTR)/((DO/38) T KNATT COOL IWATT" : REM 24 SPAC
*OAYS))/108:KPO$=STR$(kPO):AEM COMPUTE ES BEFOAE HEAT
UNITS PEA DEGREE DAY 6148 '? aA;" KWATTS TOTAL DGA
3168 AEM LINES 3178-31' 8 USED TO ALI'li PER DG. PEA": AEM 8 SPACES
AND PAIliT SCAEEN DISPLAY BEfORE IeNATT
3170 CLI:12-LEN(STASCINT(UlIITS,),:CL2= 6850 ? IU;"YEAR USED COST DAY
17-LElI(STA$(INT(UP))):CL3=26-LElI(STA$( S DCA DAY DAYS DGR DAY":LPRIliT
DO)' : CL"=32 - lEli (STRS (lliT U(PO))' 6860 TIME=TJME+5:YR =LO VR
3180 'I KS;" ";Y; :POSITION CLI,PEEK(8'" 6170 USE=8:COST=I : CDoJU=O:CDTOT:8:HDDI
:'? UlIJTS;:PO~ITION CL2 l PEEK(8"):? UP; : U:I:HDTOT=8:COAUG=I:HOAUC=8
POSITION CL1,PEEK(84):? 00; 6880 AEM CDDIU & HDDIU ARE NUMBER OF A
31'0 POSITION Cl".PEEI'8"' :? IPOS NNUAl KILOWATTS FOA HEATIlI' & COOLIN'.
3288 NEXT l:AfSTORE ONLY MOliTHS WITH MORE TH6. 188
3210 ? :? ,,~O YOU NAIT TO LOOk AT AllOT 61'8 AE" COOLING OR 288 HEATING DEGREE
HEA NONTH ? TYPE Y OA lI , ": GET Dl. A DAYS AAE INCLUDED . 588 KNATTS PER MON'
3228 IF A=8' THEN GOSUB 538 : GOSUB 588: H SUBTAACTED BY FeTR FOR OTHER ELECT.
GOTO 3088 6188 REM CO TOT & HOTOT ARE TOTAL HEATI
3138 'I " "":&OTO 2188 KG/COOLIN' DEGREES PEA 6l1l1UM FROM MONT
3'" AE" SUBROUTIliE fOA MEliU OPTIOli 8 HS MITH SUfFICIEliT DEGAEE DAVS
"'88 GOSUB 588 6118 PRNT$:"
4818 ? "MOliTH TOTAL TOTAL UliIT"
4828 'I .. kMU COST COST" ":RE" 65 SPACES
:RE" , SPACES BEfORE KWU 6128 FOR l=1 TO lIR:REM CALCULATE AliNUA
'838 FOR l= l TO IR l CON~UMPTIOli AliD C05T
4."8 READ MS,V,UNJTS.DAVS,NfT,HD,CD 6138 AEAO MS.Y . UKYTS.OAVS.NET.HO.CO
PAGE 108 THE A.N . A.L. O . G . COM PEND IUM VOL . 1

6148 IF Y()YR THE. 6188 618. I f CAU~=' 'HEI PRI'$C56.58)="I/""'

6158 IF CD)MI.CD THE. CDTOT=CDTOT+CD:C :'OTO 68al
DDIU = CDDIU+U.IT~-FCTA 61" P.IT$CS7-LEICSTA$CIITCCAU")','I)
6168 IF "D)~.HD THE. HDTOT=HDTOT+HO:H =STR$(CAUGJ
ODIU=HDDIU+U.IT~-fCTR 6 ••• TIMf=TlME+l : If TlME=HL THEI SET=1
617. U~E=U~E+U.IT~:CO~T=CO~T+.ET 6811 ! . . ; PRIl$
618. NEXT Z : AESTOAE 6821 IEXT Z:AESTOAE
61~' If CDTOT)' THEI CDAU~=IITCl'8*CDD 6811 If SET=I THE I 6811
IU/CDTon I l l . 6841 If A$="DEC" THEI 68 ••
6288 If HOTOT). THEI HDAU~=IITC 1 8.-H00 6858 ! "IISEAT AIOTHEA SHEET OF PAPER;
IUIHOTon 11" THE I DEPRESS AIY ICEV" : GET aI, A
62t. ! U4;YA+l' •• ;:PAIT$Cll-LEICSTR$CU 686. TIME=I : SET=a:GOSue 641.
SE)J,l')=STR$CU~E) 6818 lPRINT :TIME=TIME+l:IF TIME=HL TH
622. PAIT$(16 - LEICSTA$(IITCCOST))),18J EI 6UI
=STA$ccosn 6888 RETURI
623. PAIT$(25 - LENC~TA$CHDTOT)) , 24)=STR 6'" REM IISTRUCTIOIS FOR PREPARIIG OA
$CHOTon TA LINES
624. PANT$C31-LENCSTASCINTCHOAUG')',I2 7.a8 LINE=IR+'"
J =STR$ CHOAUG) 1818 ! ""fOA EACH MOITH Of DATA YOU HA
6258 PANT$C4t-LENCSTA$CCDTOTJ),4'J=STA UE, VOU MIlS T TYPE OlE OATA LIME."
$CCDTon 7.71 ? .... THE FIA5T DATA LIIE M115T IE •
6268 PAIT$(45-LEICSTA$CIITCCOAU~J)),47 UMBERED 181' . "
, =S1R$ CCOAuGJ 1.18 ? .... AFTEA THAT. EACH DATA LIIE MIl
677' ! a4;PRIT$ : TIME=TIME+t ST IE lUMBERED OlE HIGHER THAI TH
6788 VA =YR+l:If YR(HIVA+l THEI 6.78 E LAS T. "
67'8 RESTORE :LPRIIT :TIME=TIME+l 7.4. ? " FOR EXA . . LE L 18 •• ..,ST BE fOLL
63" REM CALCULATE AID PAIIT MONTHLY ~NEO 8V 18'1 , 1"~ , 18'1, 18'4 , ETC.
DATA . sueROUTIIE 641. PAIITS COLUMI
HEADIIGS 01 EACH SHEET Of PAPEA 7.58 ? " .DEPRESS AIY ICEY . . EI READY fO
6411 1 U4 ;"
....,
6488 ~osue 641':GOTO 646.

" : TIIE=TIME+l : REN 41 & 11 SPACES

6.2 8 ? D4;"MONTH DAILV
......,, A NEXT IISTRUCTJOIS . " : C;;ET al A
7.68 ? ""THE FOLlOmlG IS THE fo/ntn f
OR A DATA LIIE :"
7.78 ? " '1 •• ' DATA OC1,82,1158, 3 8,7' .2
5 , 4'5 , 8"
"THLY
HL v COST HEAT P •• COOL PEA" 7888 ? ".REOUIAED DATA SEOUEICE AID fO
: TIME=TIME+l AMlDT : "

..
6418 ? U4 ; " ICMATT ICIIATT COS 78'8 ? " 1 . MOIfTH; ... ST BE 3 LETTERS LO
T PEA DC;;RE OGRE NG"
O'RE OGRE
" : TIIE=TI":+l : REM 8 SPACES 8E4 ICMATT
6448 ? " ; " U5E " ,..
7118 ? " 7. YEAR; MIIST 8E 7 lUMBERS LON
7118 ? " 1 . NUMBER OF KILOMATTS USED I I
IC", DAYS DAY DAYS DAY"
: lPRllfT : TlME=TlME+l : AEM 8 & 13 SPCS MONTH"
6458 AETURI 7128 ? .. 4. NUMBER OF DAYS IN BILLING P
6.68 R$=" JAIf" : GOSUe 66 •• ERIOD"
647. RS="'fE8":GOSUe 66 •• 7138 ? " 5 . lET COST OF ELECTRICI TY 1M
648. R$="*Ro, : c;;osue 66" BILLUG PERIOD"
64'8 R$="APR" : c;;osue 66 •• 7148 ? "6 . HEATII .. DEGREE DAYS I N BILL
658. R$="""Y"':'OSUI 66" IIC;; PERIOD"
651 8 R$="JUI" : GOSUe 66 •• 7158 ? " 1. COOLING DEGAEE DAY S I I BILL
657. R$=" JUL "': c;;osue 66 •• II' PEAIOD"
6518 A$=" AU''' : GOsue 66 •• 7161 IF LINEO", THEN? "'LAST LI NE 0
654. A$="SEP":'OSUI 6681 f DATA YOU ElfTERED MAS : " ;LIIE
6558 R$="OCT":GOSU8 668. 7178 ? "'NON BEGIN TYPING MEN DATA LIIf
6568 R$="IfDU":GOSUB 66 •• ES . "
6518 R$ ="OEC":GOSUB 66 •• 7188 END
658a CLOSE 114:! "~": GO TO 7 •••
66 •• fOR Z=l TO IfR:REM CALCULATE MOITH
LY COISUMPTIOI AID COST •
661. READ MSLYLUlfXTS,DAYS,IET,HO , CD
6678 HAUG=' : ~AvG=a C H ECKSUM DATA
661 8 If MS(>A$ THEI 68 2. (See pgs . 7-10)
6648 ? " ' MS; " ";Y ;
6658 PA.T~="
": REM 65 SPACES
6668 UP=IlfTtl ••*CUlfITS/DAYS,) / l.8
667. PANT$C6-LENCSTR$(IITCUP))) , 8)=STA
$ (UP)
6688 PRIT$C I 5 - LEICS TA$CUIITS'),14)=STA
$ CUlnS)
66', PRlfT$C 72 - LElfCSTA$CIlfTCIET1)),2.)=
HA$(IEn
61,. AUG=tIT(1.'8*CNE1/UIITSJ)/t,.1
6718 PAIT$C 78 - LEIf(STR$CI ITCAUG)J) ,11)=
'HAS (AUGJ
.,
61 29 PRIT$Cl'-LEIC 5 TA$CHO'), 3 8J=STA$CH
6138 IF HO)MINHD THEI HAUG=IlfTC181*(CU
IITS- FCTR,/HD)'/l •••
6748 IF "AuG=. THEI PRIT$(47 , . " ="I/A"'
:GOTO 6768
6758 PANTSC.3 - LElfCSTR$CllfTCHAUG')J , .6)
=STR$ (HAuC;;)
.,
6768 PRIT$(53 - LEICSTR$CCO)) , 57)=STA$CC
617 8 IF CD)~.CD THEW CAUG=II'Ct . . . (CU
IfITS-FCTRJ/ CO)) I t •••
 VOL . 1 THE A.N .A.L.O .G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 109

.
~

Snowflake Demo
to REM
78 RE"
*** SNOWFLAKE GENERATOR

•• RE"
.1
51
REM BY TOM HUDSON
REM SET UP GAAPHIC S HODE , COLORS
ti. RE"
7. GRAPHICS 8+16 : SETCOLOA 2,B,8 : COLOA
1
88 RE"
'I REM SET UP DEGREES , K AND V TABLES
188 REM
118 DEG :DI" DCI81,K(I'1 , VC181
128 REM
138 REM RANDOMIZE SHAPE
UI REM
151 fOR 1:1 TO II:DCI)=I:KCI)=RID(8).8
' : YCI)=RND(8)*I*':NEKT I : POKE 77, 1
168 REM
1 78 REM ECHO AND ROTATE SHAPE
188 REM
1'8 PLOT 168,'6 : fOA 1=1 TO 18:DRAMTO 1
68+CKcI)*COS(DCI))+Y(I).SINCDcIll),'6 t
c- KCI1*SIMCDCI))+YCI)*COSCDCI)))
288 DCI1=DCI)+68:MEKT 1:lf D(I)(168 TH
EN 1'8
218 fOR- I : l TO 18 : DcI):8 : NEKT I
228 PLOT 168,'6:fOA 1=1 TO 18 : DAAMTO 1
61+ CX (I)*cOS CD (I)) - Y(Il*SIN (D (1)'1, '6+
C-KCI)*SINCOcI" - V(I)*COSCDCI)))
238 DCI) =DCI)+68:IEKT I : If 0(1) ( 368 TH
EN 228
2(1 AEM
258 REM LEAUE IT ON SCREEN A WHILE
268 REM
218 FOR DELAY:l TO 58 •• :MEKT DfLAY : RUM
PAGE 110 THE A.NAL.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1

TYPINCi TRAINER

16 K Casse tte 24K Disk

by R ege na

T y ping T rainer utilizes color, graphics and (using FLAG as a counter), all A(J)s are reset to zero
sound to help a student practice typing sentences for so the sentences are all available for use in the next
accuracy. There arc 40 different 30·stroke sentences drill (Line 180).
that arc chosen randomly for the d rills. Each drill To avoid the possibility of the stud ent "c rashing"
consists of ten different sentences. the program during responses, an INPUT p rocedu re
A sentence is shown on the screen. The student is avoided. Instead. the p rogram looks at what key is
types and enters it. If it is incorrect, an "uh·oh" pressed by using B= PEEK(764). Yes or no responses
sounds and a "wrong" score is posted. The student are received by the student p ressing "Y" or "N".
has time to review the sentence before continuing. If Any other key pressed is ignored.
the typed sentence is correct, a "Tighe' score is When sentences are typed, the characters are
posted, a train whistle sounds, and there arc two p rinted as each key is pressed until "RETURN" is
blasts of steam from the engine's smokestack. p ressed (which indicates the student is finished typ~
The running total score is displayed on the sc reen ing the sentence). The control keys or SHIFTing are
after each sentence. After tcn sentences, the final not allowed, si nce a typist practici ng sentences
score is displayed and a tune is played. should not backspace and type over letters, nor type
Following each drill of ten sentences, the student capi tal letters in the middle of the sentence (actually,
may choose whether to try again or not. If "N" (or the student types all capita l letters in the standa rd
"no" is entered, the program ends. If '' Y'' for "yes" computer mode but does not S HIFT ). If a control
is entered, the drill is repeated with ten different key or S HIFT is pressed, an asterisk is printed in that
sentences. Each drill chooses the sen tences random~ cha racter position of the stude nt's se ntence.
Iy, and the drill may be perfo rmed four times with~ To avoid sc rolling, the student is permitted to type
our sentences being repeated. After that, the sen~ only 34 cha racters in the sentence (Line 2005). The
tences are all available fo r four more drills. The drills student's sentence is compa red with the given sen ~ v
will be different each time because the sentences are tence either after "RETU R N" is pressed or after 34
chosen randomly. This p rocess continues as long as cha racters have been typed. 0
the student wishes to continue.
Programming techniques.
ATARI does not allow arrays of string variables, Explanation of t he p rog ram.
so an array of sentence numbers is used. The sen~ Variables Used
fences arc numbered I through 40, where J is the J Sentence number.
number. Initiall y, all A(J)s are set to zero. After a AU) =0 fo r available S<'n tence, = I if sen~
semence is used, AU)= 1. rence has been used.
To print a sentence , fi rst a number J is chosen as a FLAG Counter for number of times drill
random integer (rom I through 40 (Line 220). If is performed.
AU)= I the sentence has been used before and may WS Wrong score .
not be chosen again, so another J is chosen (line RS Right score.
230). If A(J )= 0, SEN$ is set equal to thchh sentence PROB COll nter fo r number of sentences.
and the program branches to the drill (Lines 232 ~ R - 1 if sentence is typed correctly,
250, 4000 ·4390). = 0 if sentence is typed incorrectl y.
After the drill has been performed four times D Counter in delay loop fo r SOUND.
'-" VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 111

B Value in PEEK(764) for key pressed. Subro utines

BB = I for "yes" response, =0 for " no" 1000- 1060 Subroutine reads DATA for ass i g n ~
response. ing ASCII code to key pressed for
I Counter in loop. use in p rinting.
C. L ASCII value. 1900 -2500 Subroutine prints the sentence and
SEN$ Typing sentence. accepts student's sentence.
O L OB Holdi ng variable fo r B value. 1905 Prints the sentence.
K Cou nter for number of characters 19 10-1930 Sounds a "beep" to indicate the
printed in student's se ntence. student'S turn to type.
C$ C haracter for key p ressed. 2000 Initializes variables .
T$ Student's typed sentence. 2005 Allows student to input up to 3 4
X,X I,Y, YI,II, characte rs.
X2,Y2,X3, Y3 Coordinates for graphics. 2 0 1 0~2 4 00 Prints each character as the stude nt
Line N umbe rs Procedure types it. If the student tries to press
10 Prints title screen and plays music. a control o r S HIFTed character,
30 Prints instruction screen. "*,, is printed. The student presses
100 DIMensions variables. " RETUR N" to end the se ntence.
120 Reads in data for ASCII codes re~ 241 0-2500 Sets R=l if the se ntence typed
lated to key pressed. matches the given sentence, o[her~
1 80 ~ 200 Initial izes va ria bles. wise R=O, then returns.
202 D raws train. 4 000-4390 The give n 3D-stroke typing se n ~
205 Initializes score to be zero. tences.
2 10 Performs the d rill for 10 sentences. 5000-684 0 S ubroutine draws the tra in and coa l
220 -230 Randoml y chooses a sentence; if car.
the sentence has been used previ~ 7000-74 90 Subroutine p rints tide screen and
ously, chooses another one. plays music.
232-250 Depending on the J chosen, pri nts 8000-8 160 Subroutine printS instr uctions and
the cor responding sentence and wa its fo r stude nt to p ress " RE ~
p rintS the student's sentence; com~ T U RN" to conti nue.
pa res se nten ces. 9000-9080 Subroutine p rints score and plays
255-280 If sen tence is incorrect, sounds music.
"uh~oh" and increments wrong
score.
300-3 10 If sentence is cor rect, train toots 18 GRAPHICS 18:GOSU8 7888
wh istle and blows stea m; i n c r e~ 38 G05U8 8888
188 DIM A(48'.L(6 31.SEN$e38'.T$(351.C$
ments right score. U' , N$Ul
320 Prints runn ing score. 128 'OsUB 1888
188 fOR J=1 TO 48 : AeJ)=8:NEHT J
330-345 Shore delay fo r correct sentence, 288 FLAG=8
longe r delay for incorrect sentence. 282 ,05UB 588.
215 NS =I: R5=8
350 A(J)= l indicates sente nce J has 218 FOR PROB:l TO Ie
been used and will not be available 228 J:INT(4&*RNDCl')+1
238 IF A(J':1 THEN 228
10 use again. 232 If J}38 THEN 248
355-360 C lears text screen and goes to next 234 IF J}28 THEN 244
236 IF J ) 18 THEN 240
sen tence. 238 ON J G05UB 4880.4018.4828,403'.4'4
370 After ten sente nces, prints total 8 L 4050 4.60 L 4078,4888 , 48'8
2 .1' GO t 0 25:,
score on fu ll screen and pla ys 248 J J =J - I0
music. 242 ON JJ 'OSU8 4180 . 4118,41 29 , 4 138,41
As ks the student to "t ry again?" 48,4150 , 4168 , 4170.4188 , 41'8
400-495 2n 'OTO 25 5
and waits for the stude nt to press 2 44 JJ =J- 2.
2 45 ON JJ ,osua 4288,4218 , 4 2 28 ,42 38.42
'''Y'' or "N." 48 t 4250 , 4 268 , 4278 , 4 2 88 , 42'8
496 If the stude nt p ressed "N," ends 24b ,OTO 255
program. 248 JJ =J -38
258 01 J J 'OSUB 4380 , 4318,4328,4338,4 3
5 10-530 If the student pressed "Y," incre~ 48 , 4358,4368 , 4 3 78,4388,43'8
ments the number of times the d ril l 255 IF R=1 THEN J88
268 SOUND 8,84,18,14
was performed, If the drill has been 2 64 FOR 0=1 TO 40 : NEHT 0
performed 4 times, resets all se n ~ 268 SOUND 8,181 , 1 8,1 4
2 78 FOR D=1 TO 4 0 : NEHT 0
tences to be available; branches to 275 SOUND 8 , 8 , 18 . '
beginn ing of drill. 2 88 NS=NS. l ; GOTO 3 2 8
388 'OS UO 3888
999 End. 3 18 R5=A5+1
PAGE 112 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1

JZ8 PRIll' : PRnn AS;" RIGHT", NS;" WADI 4880 SEI$:"HE DID SEEK AID fOR THE TRU
GOO CK.":GOTO 1'88
338 If R=l THEil 345 48'0 'SEI$: "CHECK THE PAPER fOR AMY I..aR v
348 FOR D=1 TO sa8:IIEXT 0 K~ . ":GOTO 1'88
345 FOR 0:1 TO 588:NEXT 0 41.8 ~ElIS:"JT I'S THIS DE'SK fILE HE SEE v
358 A(J):l K~.":GOTO 1'8'
ISS PAIl' : PAIIIT : PRIII' 411. ~EN$:""E KNONS HE .... ~T KEEP WORKI
368 NEXT PROB N'." : GOTO 1'"
378 ,osua '880 4128 SENS: "ME WOULD GlUE HI" A 6000 Mal
" . GRAPHICS • GE.":GOTO n ••
418 PAIIT :PA11I1 :PRIII' 4138 'SEM$:"BRING ALL BOOK~ TO THE TAU
US PAIIT "DO YOU WAn TO TRY AG.uN?" ES.": GOTO U"
438 PAIIIT :PRIII' "PAE'i'i 'Y' fOR YES" 4148 SEII$:"I HOPE THAT TAH OOE~ NOT P~
'48 PRIll' .. .... FOR 110" S~.":GOTO 1'"
458 8=PEEK(764} 4158 SEiIS:"GRE' 8ROU'HT IN A LARGE CHE
461 IF 8=43 THEil 88=1:&010 4" CK.":GOTO 1"8
47' IF 8=35 THEil 88=8:,010 " 8 4168 ~EN$="IT IS UP TO THEM TO WORK HA
4aa ~OTO 458 RO.":GOTO 1'"
4" SQUID 8,23,18,8 4118 'SEM$:"PUT A LITTLE ttORE EffORT HE
4'2 fOR 0=1 TO 18:IIEXT D
". 50UIID ',8,18,8
RE.":GOTO I'"
4188 ~EI$:"H~UE ~ 'OAL; WORk TO REACH
.'5 POKE 764,255:8=255 IT.":GOTO 1'88
"6 IF 8B=8 THEil " , 41'8 SEI$:"CIIlL 'LAD O~DS HAD A GLASS J
51.
518
PAIIIT """
flAG:FlAG+l:IF fLAG=! THEil 188
AR.":GOTO I".
4288 'SEI$:"IT IS HOW IoE WORk TH~T COUN
531 GOlD 282 T'S.":GOTO 1'88
" , EIIO 4218 SEN$:"TO" MA'S QUICK TO ~E.O THE 8
1'8. FOR 1=8 TO 63 Ok.":GOTO 1". v
1818 READ C:LCI}:C:IIEXT I 4228 SEI$:"REN WILL HAUE HIICH MORE TO
18'0 DATA 76,74,5'.8,8,75 , 43,42,7',8,8 OO.":GOTO 1'"
8 , 85,.,73,4S L61 L86,.,67,. , .,66,88"a,5
2, •• 51.5 •••• :'3.:, • .
1858 D~T~ 4'.44.32.46.78.8.77.47 L I.82.
E".":GOTO I".
4238 SEI$:"I WILL liD TO TO~ TO GET TH
4248 SEIS:tlHE C~M LENO A HAlO TO THE D
8.6'.8'.1,84.87,81.57.1.48.55.'.:'6.61, OY.":GOTO I'•• v
62178,72~68.8.8.71.81.65
18b8
1'8e
ETuRI
POKE 764.755:B=255
Rk.":GOTO I'.'
4258 SEIS:"I PAID THE MEN fOA THEIR NO
4268 SEIS:"THE WORkER SAID HE 'STRUCk 0
1 "5 PAIIT ~EIS IL.":GOTO 1'"
1'18 ~OUIO 8.47.18.14 4218 SEI$ : "~HE ~AID ME .EED A NEW CA . .
1'28 FOR 0=1 TO 61:IENT 0 ER." : GOTO 1'8.
1'38 ~OUND 8.8 18,' 4288 ~E.$:"I 80UGHT THE 81G DOH OF 800
2188 OLOB=-I:T~="":OPEN IU.4.8,"":" kS.":GOTO 1'8.
21.5 FOR 1=1 TO 34 42'8 ~EI$:"ME 'SHOULD 'SET A GO~L FOR TH
2818 GET Ul.8:IF B=155 THEN 74" E".":GOTO 1'8'
2828 If 8)'6 THEI c$=".":GOTO 2.65 41'8 SEI$:"TRY TO TYPE ALL THE BI' WOR
7868 CS=CHR$(B) OS.":GOTO 1'"
7.65 PAINT CSj:1$(LEI(TS)+I)=CS 4318 ~E.$="WE ItAY QUIT THI~ WORk AT fI
2888 IEXT .. UE . " : GOTO l,e.
2"0 GO TO 2488 4328 'SEN$:"YOU HAUE TO WORK fOR TWO OA
21.8 1=INT(PEEK(53775)/4):IF (I/2)=IN1 Y~ . ":GOTO 1'"
(J/2) THEI 2818 4338 'SEN$="1RY TO GET DIE DR TWO Of TH
2118 POKE 764,255:0LDB=-1 E" . ": GOTO 1"8
2128 GOTO 2818 4340 SEI$:"YOUR BEST ttEN WILL HELP DO
2488 CLO~E Ul IT." : GOTO 1'"
241' IF T$=~EIS THEM R=I : GOTO 258. 4358 ~EII$:"HAUE THE DOY'S DO THE WORK II
ms mu..
388' fOR 11=1 TO 2
O..... :GOTO 1"8
4368 ~EII$:"LET HI" PROUE THE RIGHT THI
.'.":GOTO 1'88
3818 ~OUND 8,58,18,14:~OUID 1 , 63,18,14 4318 ~EN$:"THEY SHOULD RE~D NY GOOD BO
3825 COLOR 2 OK . ":GOTO 1'88
3838 GO~U8 3588 4388 SEN$:"~HE CAM DO ~ 8IIi JOB THE BE
3848 FOR 0=1 TO 188 : NfHT D ~T.":GOTO 1'88
3858 ~OUMD •••• 18 •• : ~OUND 1.',1',' 43'8 SEN$="DAUE MADE ~ CAGE fOR HIS PE
3878 COLOR ':GO~UB 3588 T~.":GOTO 1'8.
3"8 NEXT II:RETURN 5888 GRAPHIC~ 1 : COLOR 1
35.8 PLOT 121.3 5.85 COLOR 1
3518 PLOT 175,14:DA~NTO 126.1' 5818 fDA Y=28 TO 25
3538 PLOT 124,14:DA~WTO 125.8 5.28 PLOT SS.Y:DRANTO 88 , Y
3558 PLOT 123.14:DAANTO 123,8 5848 NEXT Y
3578 PLOT 122.11:DRAWTO 121,4 5.58 fOR Y=26 TO 37
35" RETURI 5868 PLOT 68.Y:ORANTO 65,Y
4888 ~E.$=·'HE fEEL~ ~HE HA~ A ~AfE LEA 5888 PLOT 83.Y:DRANTO 88.Y
~E.":GOTO 1'" 5188 NEHT Y
4.18 ~EIS="ANDY HII~T GIVE "" BAlD A HA 5118 FOR Y=38 TO 58
10.":60TO 1"8 5128 PLOT 68,Y:DRAWTO 118.Y
4828 ~EI$="~HE I~ ~TIlL ~T THE LAKE ~I 5148 IIEHT Y
TE.":GOTO 1'01 5158 FOR Y:34 TO 31
"838 ~EMS="THEAE I~ A QUICK OUIZ fOR H 5168 PLOT ,7.Y:DRAWTO 183.Y
I".": GOTO 1'18 5188 NEXT Y
.. U8 ~E.$:"JU~T ~OttE Of us HAUE TO DO 51" PLOT '8,33 : DIAWTO 1'2,33
IT.": GOTO nIl 5218 PLOT 18.,32:PLOT 122 , 38
4858 'SEN$:"TWO OF THE GIRL ~ ARE HERE N 523. DRAWTO 118,18
OW . " : GOTO nee 52 ... DR~NTO 122,15
4868 SE.$ : "J~IE STARTS HEA T~LK AT THA 5258 OA~M10 126.15
EE." : 60TO 1'88 5 268 DAAWTO 138.18
4818 ~EN$:"TRY MOT TO LOOK AT YOUR HAN 5218 DAAMTO 126.38
D5. II :GOTO 1'08 5 289 COLOR 2

v
VOL . 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DI UM PAGE 113

52,. PLOT S',S8:DRQMTO 58,58 7158 SOUND 8,42,18,8

5318 fDA ~=" TO l' STEP - 1 7178 fOR D=l TO 58:NEKT D
5328 PLOT M.4a:DAAMTO H,58 1288 SOUND 8,8 18,8
sua .EXT )c 7218 SOUID 8,d ,18,8
5358 COLOR l 7238 fOR D=l TO 25:NEXT 0
5368 Xl=178:Vl=56 1248 SOUND 8,58,11,8
S:J7e Gosua 6888 7268 fOR D=1 TO 25:IIIEXT 0
53a8 X2 =88:YZ=.c8 1278 SOUIO 8,63,18,8
53'8 GOSUB 6588 72'8 fOR D=l TO 2S:NEKT D
53'2 KJ=l7:Yl=S':'OSUB 62.8 7388 SOUND 8,8,18 , 8:S0UIIIO 8,63,18,8
53'5 Xl =27:Yl=S':GOSUB 62., 7318 fDA 0=1 TO 25:NEXT 0
5488 fOR 11=2 TO .. 7328 SOUND 8,56,,18 , 8
5418 PLOT 1I*1I,;n 7348 fOR 0=1 TO 25:IIIEXT 0
5428 DAANTO II*18+8 Ll ' 7358 SOUND 8,8 ,1 8,a:SOUIil0 8,56,18,8
sua PLOT II*l'+Z,Ja 1368 fOR 0=1 TO 25:IIIEXT 0
544a ORANTO II*18+7 LJ8 1378 SOUliID 8,58 , 18 , 8
5'58 PLOT II*18+l, J, 7418 TO S8:IIIEXT 0
5468 DAAMTO II*18+7 17 7421 63,11,8
541. PLOT II*18+5,JDL 7438 127,18,2
548. .EXT II 7448 181,18,2
Sol'. AETUAN 7458 TO 188: IEKT 0
6188 PLOT Xl VI 7468 8,18,8
6118 OAANTO h+4,Yl 747. 8,18,8
'828 DAANTO Xl+1~YI+l 7488 8,18 , 8
6838 DAANTO Xl+1,Yl+1 7,.,e
6'''' DAANTO
'858 DAANTO
'868 DAANTO
XI+4~Yl+I1
Ki,Yl+tl
Kt-l,Yt+1
818.
8118
8828
9
:PRII11T
"YOU WILL SEE A SE.TEliCE"
6878 DRANTO HI-l,Vl+J 8838 "01 THE SCREEN."
'888 DAANTO Kl,YI aU8 : PRINT "TYPE AND EnER IT."
RETUAI
''''
621. COLOR l
62.5 PLOT Kl,Yl
8158 PRINT : PRINT "If IT 15 CORRECT"
8168 PRIIT "THE TUII telISTLE WIll 6LO
W. "
6218 DAAWTO Kl+4, Yl 8165 PRIIT : PRIliT " I f IT IS IliCORREtT,
6228 DRANTO Xl+6,Yl+2 YOU WILL"
6238 DRANTO K3+6,Y3+6 8866 PAIIT "HAVE TINE TO CHECK YOUR TV
6248 DAiNTO X3+4, Yl+a PI.G ."
6258 DAAWTO K3, Y3+a 8878 PRIIT : PAIIT "YOU MILL BE 5HO ... Y
6261 DAiNTO X3 - 2,Y3+6 OUR SCORE"
6218 DUNTO K3-2 LV3+2 8888 PRINT "AFTER EACH SfMTEMCE. to
6788 DAANTO K3, V.s 8"8 PAINT : PRIlIT "AfTER TEM SEIfTElIeES
62'8 PLOT K3+2~Y3+4 "
fi388 AElURI 8U8 PAIMT " YOUA fIliAl SCORE IS SHO . . .
651. PLOT K2 Y2 "
6518 ORANTO H2+6, Y2 8128 PRINT :PRIIilT
6528 PLOT K2+7,V2+1
6538 PLOT K2t8,V2+t
6548 PLOT K2+',V2+2
..
8138 PRIIT "PRESS • AElUAIil' TO CO.TIMUE
81 .. 8 a=PEEK(7641:lf 8(>12 THEIII 8148
6558 PLOT X2H8, V2tl 8145 SOUIilO 8,23 , 18 , 8
6568 PLOT K2t 11, V2t4 8146 fOR 0=1 TO II : IIIEKT 0
657. PLOT K2t 11, Y2t5 8147 SOU.O 1,8,18,8
6588 PLOT K2+ 12 V2+6 8158 POKE 764,255:B=255
65'8 DRANTO X2+12,Y2+12 816B AElUAIil
6688 PLOT X2+1t,V2+t3 '888 GRAPHICS 18
6618 PLOT K2+11 , V2+14 ,e18 P051TIOIII 2,3
6628 PLOT K2+11~V2+15 ,e28 PRIIT U6;"AI'HT",AS
66la PLOT K2+',T2+16 ,e31 P051TIOIII 2,5
6648 PLOT X2+a,V2+17 '148 PRIIilT U6;"WAOIII''',1fS
6658 PLOT X2+7,V2+17 "78 COSUB 7848
6668 PLOT X2+6,V2+1a "88 AElURIil
6678 DAANTO X2,V2+18
6688 PLOT K2-1, V2+ 17
6". PLOT X2-2,V2+17
678. PLOT K2- 3,V2+16
•
6718 PLOT X2 - .,V2+15
672 8 PLOT K2-S,V2+U CHECKSUM DATA
6138 PLOT X2 - S,v2+JJ (See pgs. 7-10)
6140 PLOT K2 - 6,V2+12
6758 DRANTO H2-6,v2+6
6768 PLOT K2-S,V2+5
6778 PLOT K2 - 5 , V2+'
6788 PLOT K2 - 4,V2+3
fina PLOT H2 - l,V2+2
6888 PLOT K2 -2,V2+1
6818 PLOT M2-1,V2+t
6828 PLOT H2+J,V2+'
6818 DRAMTO Kl+2,Vl+5
6848 RETURI
7888 POSITION 3,3: PRII T tI6; "TYPING"
7929 POSITI0. 3,5:PAII1 tI6;"TAAIIEA"
7140 SO UID 8 ,51,18 ,8
7868 fOR 0 =1 TO 58:NEKT 0
7.,8 SOUND 8 , 8,18 , 8
7188 SOUID 8,58,18,8
7128 fOR 0=1 TO 25:NEKT D
7138 SOUID 8,8,18,8:~OUID 8,58,18,8
7.148 fOR 0=1 TO 25 : NEXT 0
 ~

PAGE 114 THE A. N.A.L.O .G . COMPEN DI UM VO L. 1 V

V

4378 DATA '5';6'8,81't'8'L651~55,,484, ~

544,588,477,4 7~543~5D8,5'6,547,'4'3
5158 DATA 588,5",551,518,536,352,347, ~
352 t 353 363 L656,683.328,485,SSI,7245
5350 Dft t A 6~7,34,'4,,285.'61,382,387,3 ~
31,2",21,1'8,1',488,1',485,5466
5488 DATA 748,888,136,6'8,738,715,'75,
588.732,72' , 2'8,7'8,651,156,714,'488 ~

6220 DATA 743.748,747,778 L 74S t 742 t I16,

661,7'8,151,722,66',673,6",Sz3,'a'8 v
6560 DATA 528~532,S171'82,7221724L72S,
511.S32,538,5~1,6~8,5 '.5z1,5 7,8~83 ~
6718 DATA 518.51',517,518,762,685.684,
688 t 676 665;661,687 t 747,817,5'7,'738
7820 DA t A 8 7,341,5Z8,4'6,348,515,45,5 ~

17,14~,524,471,141,51,,147,522,6747
~
7278 DATA 156.525.54 L 528 L I54 L 523 t S',52
5.151.521,157 , 528 , 51b,2'b,48~,S'a2
7.78 DATA 4'1,4'1,812,56,58'L'6't671,4 ~

',15',4'4,5'8,861,714,421,42~,78B'
8188 DATA lSS,S'IL773tI86t358,573t.'4, v
713,882,126,223,2/8,2~1 , IH5,'61,6a25
'888 DATA 883 , 883 v
• ~

v
V

Graphics 8 Color Demo

18 GRAPHICS 8 : SETCOLOR 2.8,15:SETCOLOR

1,8.8:COLOR 1
28 FOR X=8 TO 288 STEP 2
31 PLOT K,I:DRANTO K,le
48 NEXT X
51 FOR X=l TO 281 STEP 2
68 PLOT X,78:DRANTO X, 38
11 NEXT K
88 FOR X=8 TO 288
'8 PLOT X,48:DRANTO X, 58
18• • EXT K

C H EC KSU M DATA
(See pgs. 7· 10)

18 DATA 137,7',188,3'3,",287,3".111,
225 , 758,2587
 VOl. 1 THE A.N.A .L.O.G. CO MPENDIUM PAGE 117
v
v

MOTORCYCLE
MAZE RIDER
......., 16K Cassette 24K Disk
V by C h arles Bachand
V
Maze Rider is a game in which you roar through a down, left and right, looking fo r an unused space. If
twisting maze of tunnels o n a motorcycle. Yo u are the program detects such a space around the cu rsor,
hindered in this feat by the fact that your viewpoint the maze drawing proCl'SS is turned back on. The
is from inside the maze. The display is your wi ndow cursor continues to advance and retreat unti l it
into the maze. bu mps into its origin. 0
In o rder to play Maze Rider, a joystick must be
inserted into port #1. After typing RUN the Line Explanation
program will initialize and generate an introduction
100-640 Generates maze
screen. The program will ask you to respond to
640-830 Draws maze interior
questions about game options. T he first q uestion is
"Do you want to leave a tram" If the answer is yes, 840- 1060 Main program routine
the game will display a line on the ground where you 1070- 1110 End of game.
11 20-1130 Draws map o f maze
have previo usly traveled. The "Extra Passages"
option will add more interconnecting passages to the 1140 Draws outline of maze
II S0-1230 Title and options select
maze. The map option allows you to see a map of the
maze displaying an overhead view of the game area. 1240 Perspective view data
Motorcycle noise can be eliminated in the last option
if desired.
Pushing the joystick forward will move you lao
118
REM ***MOTORCYCLE ~ZE RIDER
REM * COPYRIGHT 1'80 C.BACHAND *
***
forward within the maze. Pulling back on the joystick 128 REM
will make you move backward within the maze. 110
148
REM
REM
*** FOR ANALOG MAGAZINE ***
Pushing the joystick to the left or right will change 158 TOP=PEEK(1861 :SWITCH =O
the direction that you are facing. Pushing the joystick 168 GOSUB 11S8:GOSUB 11~0
to the left will make you turn in a counter clockwise 178 PRIMT "U** GENERATING MIllE GRID *
direction and pushing to the right will make you *"
189 HC =INT(RNDCll*((NIDTH-11/2)1*Z+ 1
turn in a clockwise direction. If the map option has 1'8 YC =INT(RND(8)*(CLENCTH -1 J/ 2 Jl*Z+1
288 EM=XC:EY =YC:XPNT=1516 : YPMT =1612
been enabled, pushing the joystick trigger button 218 SElCOLOR 1,8 , 14
will display an overhead view of the maze for about 228 COLOR 2:PLOT XC,YC:COLOR 1
2JO LN' =I NTCRND(OJ*31*2+2
ten seconds. 248 DIR =IN1CRMDC01*4]
For the technical types out there who are 250 S= (DIR=Ol-(OIA =l)
v interested in how things work , the maze in this game
260 T=CDIR=21 - CDIR=3]
218 FOR 1=2 TO LNG STEP 2
v is generated using a modified random walk ro utine 288 LOCATE XC+S*I,YC+T*I.P
2'8 IF P AND 1=2 lHEN POP :C010 218
that Stores the X and Y locarions it has traveled to leo IF P THEN POP : LNG =2:G OTO 258
into two tables. which are stored on page six of the 1 10 NEXT I:XC =XC+S*LNG:VC =VC+T*LNG
328 IF PNTR ) PMAX THEN PMAX=PNTR:HM =MC :
computer's memory. As the cursor walks along, MY=YC:MS=S:MT =T
generating the maze, the X axis is stored at XPNT+ 311 DAAWTO HC,VC:PNTR =PNTR+l
3 48 SOUND 8,D2 - PNTR*8 ,1 8,B
PNTR. The index variable PNTR IS then 358 POKE HPNT+PNTR,HC
incremented by one. This operation conti nues until 368 POKE YPNT+PNTR,YC
378 COSUB 6eO:IF P THEN 3'0
it runs into a dead end. At this point the program 388 SOUND 8,D2 - PNTR*8 . 1e,2 : COTO 218
starts backtracking back to its origin. The index 3'8 XC =PEEKCXPNT+PN1R]
488 YC =PEEkCYPN1+PNTRJ
va riable PNTR is decremented by one and the last X 418 PNTA=PNIA - l:GOSUB 6e8
and Y coordinates are pulled from their locations in .28 SOUND 8,DZ - PNTR*8,18.8
.19 IF P AND PNTR THEN 1'8
page six. The program then does LOCA YEs up, "9 POKE 17.Z:S0UNO 8 . 02- PNTRM8 . 18 .2
PAGE 118 THE A.N.A .LO .G . CO MPENDIUM VOL. 1
v
458 PLOT XC,YC : If PNTR THEN 238 "8 If P=14 THEN KX=~+S : KV=MY+T :S OUND
468 COLOR 3:PLOT KX , MV :COLOR 1 1,128,6 ,S NO*6:lf NOT PEEKCMAP+HY*48+
478 ~p = aORCKOP$':If I - EXTRA THEM 538 MX) THEN KX=MK - S:KY=HV - T : P=O v
480 FOR 1 =1 TO 25 1888 IF P =13 THEN MK=KX-S : MY =MY - T:SOUN
4'0 XC =INTCRMDCO'*(WIDTH - 4»)+3 o 8,128,6 ,S NO.6 :If NOT PEEkC~P+MY.48
50e YC =I NT(RNDCO)*CLENGTH - 4J)+3 +MXl THEN KK =HX+S:HY =HY+T:P =O
518 Y= (XCtY C, /2:I F IITCY) =Y THEN 4'0 1818 IF P=l OR P=ll THEN P1=S:S=- T:T=P
520 PLOT XC , YC:ME XT I 1
530 SOUND O,O, 8 ,O:fOR Y=l TO LENGTH 1828 If P=11 THEN S=- S:T:-T v
540 fOR X=l TO WIOTH : LO CATE X,Y,P 1838 If P=O THEN PRIMT "iii' •• CRASH! ! ": F
558 POKE HAP+Y* 48+X ,P: NEXT X: NEXT Y OR P=1 5 TO 8 STEP - 1:S0UIO 8,128 ,12, P :
568 S=- MS : T=- HT: HS=8:F OR 1=8 TO 6 fOR 1 =1 TO 5:NEXT I:NEXT P:P=8:MS=8
578 READ K:P OK£ KPN'+I,X:NEXT I:P3=8 1840 I =HAPtMY*.e+MX : lf PEEKel, =2 THEN
588 YPNT =XPMTt8:POK E YPNT - l ,7' 1818
5'8 fOR 1=8 TO 6:PO KE YPMT~I ,]'-'P f EK ' 1858 POkE I,3:IF P THEN 848
KPN'+I)tPE EK(KP N' +I - l]) / 4:NEKT I : GOTO 1860 GOTO "8
•••
688 LOCATE KCt2 , YC,Pl
1070 PRINT "1Ii,t***** YOU ARE FREE
* ": FOR X=1 TO 5:FOR Y=288 TO 9 STEP - 4
****
618 LOCATE XC- 2,YC,PZ 1888 SOUND Z, Y,18,K*3:NEXT Y: fOR 1 =1 T
6Z8 LOCATE XC.YC+Z ,P3 o 4 : PLOT RNO(8)_15' , 8:0RAWTO RND(8).lS
63e LOCATE XC.VC - Z, P4 ',7':NEXT I:HEXT X:S OUND Z,Z,Z,Z
648 P=Pl AND P2 AND P3 AND P4 :RE TURN 18'0 POKE 186,TOP
658 Pl =8:GRAPHIC S 6:SETCOLOR l,e,14:PO 1180 FOR 1=1 TO 188 : NEXT I:GOSUB 11.8:
KE 752,1: PRINT : PRIN T "nOOKING "; AS , " SETCOLOR 1,. ~,. U:PRIHT "iii'. *** YOU'RE
HOU ES ";MOUE:t10UE =IWUEtl FINAL HAP tttttt":COSUB 1120
668 fOR YC =8 TO 6:P2=NRel,YC) 1118 POKE 752,8:ENO
670 If P2 =2 THEN 'O SU8 8lB 1128 MAP =ADRCKAPS] :fOR Y=J TO LEN'TH -2
688 If NOT PZ THEN POP : GOTO 830 :FOR X=3 TO WIOTH - 2:COlOR PEEK(KAP+V*.
6'8 X1 =P1 : X2= PEEK(XPNltYC) : P1 =x2· OtX)
780 If fEET AND YC THEN If PZ =3 AID NR 11 38 SOUND 8 ~2'8 - Y*14 - H,10,6:PLOT X, V:
(I,YC - l) =3 THEN PLOT 7 ',PEEK(YPNT+Y C- l NE~T X: MEXT T:RETURN
J:ORAWTO 7' , PEEk(YPNT+YC) 1140 GRAPHICS 3:COLOR I : PlOT 1,I:DRAWT
718 FOR XC =O TO 2 STEP 2 o MIOTH.J : DRaWTO NIDTH,LENGTH : DRAWTO 1
728 If XC THEN Kl =158- Xl:X2=158- X2 ,LENGTH:DRAWTO 1,J :POkE 752,l : RETURN
738 X01 =XI /2: X02=X2/2 1150 GRAPHICS 2:SETCOLOR 1,8,14:PRINT
740 If IRCX C, YC) THEN 760 U6 ; " 1 MOlorcycle \ ":PRIMT U6;" 1
758 PLOT Xl,XD1 : 0RAWTO X2,XD2:PLOT Xl , ..~ze rider \ ":PRINT 1t6 : 0PEN "1 •• ,O .... k
7'-K01 : 0RAWTO Xl,7' - XD2 : GOTO 7' 8
768 PLOT Xl , XDl :D RAWTO Xl, 7' - XDl:PLOT
Xl , KD 2:DR AWTO X2,X02 : PLOT Xl, 1'- XD2:DR
AWTO K2,"-XD2
778 IF NR(l . YCtl) THEN ORAWTO XZ, XD 2
188 'OTO 800
7'0 P2= NR(1 .YC+l ) :If P2=8 OR P2=Z THEN DO YOU WON T TO LEAUE
ORAWTO X2,H02 Q TRAIL "; :'ET UJ ,A :IF CHRS(A)="Y" THEN
888 IF FEET THEN IF YC ANO NRCKC,yel =3 FEET=l
THEN PLOT 1, .PEEK(YPNTtVCJ : DRAWTO Xl , 1280 PRINT "." DO YOU MANT EXTRA PA S
PEEkCYPNT+YC) SAGES"; :C;ET "I,A :IF CHRSCA' ="Y " THEN E
818 NEKT XC : NEXT YC:I F NOT NRCl. 7 ) TH ~TRA =I:C OTO 1218
EN IF NRCO,6) OR "R( 2,6 ) THEN PLOT 7'. 1210 PRINT "iii' DO YOU MAin TO USE TH v
3':PL01 n •• o E "AP" ; : GET "I, A: If CHRS (Al =" Y" THEN"
8 29 RETURN AP SW=l : COTO 1228
838 PLOT X2, XD2:D RAWTO 15'- X2, XD 2: PlOT 1228 PRln "iii' DO YOU MAin MO TORCYCL
X2,7' - XD 2: 0RAW10 1 5'- K2,7' - XD2:REIURN E SO UND" ;: GET Ill, A: IF CHR$ (A) ="Y" THEN
848 SOUN~ 1 ,258,2 , S NO*4:COL OR l:MAP=AO SNO=1
RCMAP$] : IF 1()1 THEN 860 1239 RETURN
858 fOR XC =- l TO I:FOR YC =8 TO 7: NRCKC 1240 DATA 0.28, 46 ,60,68,7.,78
tl ,YC ) =PEEK( "A P+(KY+YCJ*40+~ - X C ) : NEXT
YC:NEK1 XC:A$="SOUT H" : GOTO '28
860 IF 1()-1 THEN 888
818 fOR XC =- 1 TO l: f OR YC =8 TO 7: NR(X C
•
+l,YC) = PEEK(KAP+(MY -YC )*48+~+XC):"EXT
YC:MEXT XC : A$ ="NORTH":G010 '28 C HECKSUM DATA
889 If S()-l THEN '08
8'8 FOR XC= - l TO l:fOR YC=8 TO 7: NR(XC (See pgs. 7-10)
+l,YC) =PEEKCMAP+CMY - XC'*.O+HX - VC) : NEXT
YC : NEXT XC : AS ="WEST":GOTO 'Z8 188 DATA '73,82',88,78',86,46',43',385
,eo IF S( >l THEM '20 , .04 ,6'3 ,788 ,ti'l,1 8 .368 .8 35,7653
'Ie fOR XC= - 1 TO l:fOR yc=o TO 7:NRexc 258 DATA 7.7 .. 161,56',J87,358 , .57 ,828,5
tl,YC)=PEEKCMAP+ (MY tXC)*40+MKtYC ) : NEXT 48,163 .271,171.17'.514,336.458,673'
YC:NEXT XC:A S="EAST" 488 DATA 438,71 2,267,423 .. 6'4,.56 .. 180,'
'28 POK E 54286,I:SWITCH=16 - SWITCH:POKE 63,158,'81,122,71',82.438,631,79'6
186,TOP-SNITCH:GOSU8 658:POXE 54286.6 sse DATA 867,37' , '3 , 341 , 481 , 828,838 .. 76
4:POKE 77,8 ',77'.'58,3'4 , 698 .. 285,382, 423,8425
'38 If STICK(0)(13 THEN '39 788 DATA 88 , 115 , 688 , 785,4 15 , 343 , '48 .7 6
'40 IF STRIG(8) OR MAP sw=e THEN '88 8,733,'83,766,874,601,288,896,8'53
'58 IF P3 )2 THEN SOUMO 8,50 , 12,6:PRINT 850 DATA 25 •• 78',2 •• ,170, 417 , .'6 ,2.4 ,3
"IIiUTHREE LOOkS IS YOUR LIMIT":FOR 1= 17 , 487,4'7 ,5 0',527,451,885,4'4,7 381
1 TO 188:NEXT I:GOTO '88 1810 OATA 548,4',452,784,117,42',8'6,3
'68 GOsua 1148:P3=P3+1:SETCOLDR 1,8,1. 22,878,15',677,368,241,58 8,7' . 66 3'
: PRINT .. , .CHECI( IWTOACYCLE KAZE MQP It" 1158 DATA 2'8,82,185,1 47 ,"5,426.J16,4
; P3:'OSUB 1128 '5.788,248,3'7 2
'78 FOR X=l TO 18:FOR P=l TO .:fOR 1=1
TO 18:NEXT I:COLOR P : PLOT MK , MY:NEXT
P:NEXT X:SOUND O,8 , O,8:GOTO 848
'JS8 SOUND 8 ,O, 8.8:P=STICk(8) :If P=15 0
•
R P:S OR P=6 OR P='J OR P=18 THEN 'J40
v
~ VO L. 1 THE A.N. A.l.O.G . COMP ENDIUM PAGE 119
~

DINO BATTLE
~

24K Cassette 32K Disk

~

by Art V. Ces ta ro III

Dino Batt le is a ga me of pri mordial co nfr o n{a ~ 7000·7110 Ope ning d is pla y
tion, a fi erce battle betwee n two players. See if you 8000·8220 End of game
ca n defeat a dinosaur! 10000·10035 Sets up player/ missile graphics
Your goal is to bite yO Uf opponent's dinosaur on 10040# 11000Reads sh ape data and stores it in the
{he back of the neck. By moving your joystick and p roper arrays
pressing the firing bun o n , you can move your dino~ 12000#12900 Data fo r s hapes
sa ur and open and cl ose his mouth. You may make a Name Variable
number of attempts before you s ucceed. Try to bite Time Time in seconds of the game
your opponent as many times as you ca n before the Score I Playe rs' scores
time is up. Score 2
Your score is displayed on the side of each dino~ TT Ti ming va riable
sau r at the start of the game. You receive one point X Horizontal posit ion of dinosaur
each ti me you bite the other dinosa ur. 0 X2 Horizontal position of dinosaur 2
DRI Direction dinosaur I is faci ng
DR2 Direction dinosau r 2 is facing
DFI Area in memory where player data
Une Explanation is poked
Y. Y I Vertical position of dinosaur DBI
3 Sets G RAPHIC mode and colors DF2
12 Sets time and score DB2
(J·16 Draws landscape Y, Yl Ve rtica l posi tio n of dinosaur I
80·81 Prints tex t Y2, Y3 Vertical position of din osa ur Z
100·200 Main loop: checks joystick and RT, RET, RTl Retu rn Flags
trigge rs and increments time G, H,DD Dummy va riables
300·315 Moves din osa ur figu res on screen C, Z,
1000#1015 Turns d inosaur number I around I Top of RAM: used fo r setting up
1100#1115 Turns dinosaur number 2 around p layer/ missile area
3500·3595 Makes dinosaur I ope n his mouth
and tr y to bite the other one Arrays
3600·3710 Makes dinosaur 2 do the same thing TFI , TF2 Flyi ng d inosaur's fro nt
3800 Prints both players' scores TBI, TB2 Flying dinosaur's back
3 900·3905 Plots cacti DINF I
39 10·3930 Plots rocks D I NFZ Dinosaur front and back views
4000·4021 Plots dinosaur 1, fall routine DINBI
4500·453 1 Plots dinosaur 2. fall rou tine DINB2
4600 Erases the dinosaur DHR Dinosaur 's head and mouth open
4800· 4810 Moves dinosaur away fro m defeated Each dinosaur is made up of twO players, posi tioned
opponent next to eac h other so they make up one dinosaur
5000·5990 Plots title shape . 0
PAGE 120 THE A.N.A.L.O .G . CO MPENDIUM VOL . 1 v

8 RE" REU 1,8 3555 FDA &:58 TO 180:50UNO 8.'.~8.J5:S

1 RE" I~ Art U C~staro III 18/13/81 OUNO 8,188 - (C-S81,18,15:NEKT &:50UID 8
3 GRAPHICS 7:CLR :POKE 7S2,1:POKE 112, ,',D , '
,.
1,7:POKE 718.2C:POKE 788," : POKE 78',1
6 &OSU8 3'38
1568 ON DRI GOTO 3563,3565
lS63 POKE BB 8 : FOR '=1 TO 6:POI£ 88+G .
DINfZCG':NEX t &:&OTO 35'1
TIHe8:SCOREl=I:SCORE2=I:COl 3565 POKE 88 8:fOR &=1 TO 6:POKE 88+',
DINFl(G):NEX t ':&OTO 35'1
3578 RETURN
_,,,,••1'~~~s;~~ : TO
PLO 3589 POKE 88+6.224:FOR ':8 TO S:POKE 8
.+C,DHRCC*l):NEKT G:RETUaN
35'8 POKE 88+'t7:FOR C=8 TO 5:POKE 88+
'LDHl(C+!J:NEX G:AETUAN
3~'1 IF RT=1 THEN AETURN
V=\'+18:0=1 15'2 If DR1=2 AND DA2=1 AND P[£1(53261
)=12 THEN COSU8 4SIa
JS'J IF DAl =1 ANa DAZ=2 AND PEEk(S3761
1881:&05U8 ):12 THEN GOSUB 4S8a
35'5 POKE 53Z78,8:AETUAN
l:POkE 6S6.8:POKE 657,3:? 3'8' ON OR2 COTO J618,3628
POKE 656,8: POkE 657,28:? " 36JO 88=082:&' =3588:&OTO 3658
3628 88=Df2:CC =J5'.
'3658 ,05UB CC
3655 fOR &=58 TO 180 : 50U.0 I,G,10,lS:S
OUNO 1,118- CG-5B),12,18:NExr G:SDUNO I
L"'···ON
~6e. OA2 COTO 3663,3665
3663 POKE 88,B:FOR C=l TO 6:POKf 88+G,

!~i·~;;i~!:~ii!=8
OINfl(C) :NEKT C:COTO 371.
3665 POKE 88,.:fOR C=l TO 6:POKE 88+C,
THEN RT=I:'OSU8 3588 DINf2 (G) : NEXT G
118 If STICk(1)=7 THEN X2 =k2+2:lf DR2= 3788 If RTl =l THEN RETURM
2 THEI GO~UB 1118 3711 If OR2=2 ~NO DRl=l ~MD PEEK(53262
111 If X<55 THE" X=5S )=3 THEN &OSU8 4818
112 If H)I'5 THEI H=I'5 3715 If DR2=1 ~MD DR1=2 ~MD PEEkC53263
115 01 DRI 'OSUB 318,385 )=3 THEN GOSU8 4818
128 If STICK(1) =11 THEI H2=H2 - 2:If OR2 3711 POKE 53278,8:RETURI
=1 THEN GOSU8 1188 3818 POkE 656,2: POkE 657,6: 1" SCORU; II

138 If 5TICK(8) =11 THEI X=K - 2:lf DRl=2 ":POI([ 656,2:POI(E 657,31 : ? SCORE2;"
THEM COSU8 1818 ":RETURI
132 If STRIG(1) =8 THEI RTl=8:GOSUI 361 3'11 COLOR 2:fOR J=l TO 4:H=II'CC5+RIO
•133 If
13C If
K2 <SS THEN K2 =55
X2)I'S THEM X2 =1,S
CIJ*IIJ:C=RMO(81*IC5+18:COSU83'83:MEX
T J:RETURM
3'11 ORANTO C+2,H+5:DRANTO G+2,H+3:RET
135 ON DA2 GOSU8 310.315 UA.
16' If T1"<1 AND TlHE<2 THEN POkE 656, J'13 PLOT G,H:ORANTO G,H+':PLOT G,H+4 :
2:POKE 651,18:? "8:88":GOTO a888 ORANTO C- 2,H+4:0AAWTO C- 2,H+l'PLOT Ii,H
'5 .
172 If TI~<18 THE" POkE 656.2:POkE 65 3'15 ORANTO C+2,H+5:DRAWTO C+2 H+3'RET
, L18: ? TI";" : O" ; TIHE:GOTO 188 URN ' '
115 POKE 6S6.2:POKE 651,18:? TI";":";T 3'10 COLOR l:fOA J=1 TO 3:H=48+R"0(1).
lItE; 11 "
188 POKE 77,8 II:G=R"0(1)*14S+11:&OSU8 3'13:IEHT J:R
288 COTO 188 ETUAM
388 POKE 532C8,X:POKE 532(' , X-8:AETURN 3'11 OAANTO G+5,H+S:DRANTO G+3 H+"RET
385 POKE S324',H - 8:POKE 512(B,X:RETURI URM ' '
318 POKE 532S0,X2-8:POK[ 53251 . X2:RETU 3'13 PLOT C,H : DRANTO C- 5,H+5:0RANTO G+
A. 3,H+':ORANTO G,H:DRAWTO C+( , H+l
~~S POK[ S3251,X2:POKE 5325I,H2-8:RETU 3'15 OAAMTO G+S,H+S : DRANTO C+3 H+"AET
URI ' '
1800 OR1=2:fOR G=l TO 4:POKE 011+,.8:_ 3'30 COLOR 3:fOR G=7' TO (7 STEP - 1:PL
EHT G:V =6S:Vl=6':Ofl=V+J:D81=Yl+Jl'fOR OT 8,C:ORANTO 15'6C:MEHT G:RETURI
&=1 10 18:POKE 081+G,OI_81CG) , CliO BB1=Df1:BB2= B1 : GOSUB (688
1815 POkE Ofl+&,DINflCG):IEXT C:fOR G= 4113 V=75:V1 =74:Dfl =V+J : OBl=Vl+Jl
l ' TO 22 : POKE Dfl+G , Ollfl(G):NEHT C'RE CI8S OM ORI GOSUe 4018,C028
TURI ' CI86 ATl =I:&OSU8 3608:'OTO 4818
1810 DRl =l:fOR G=l TO 4:PDKE Dfl+G.B:M C818 fOR G=1 TO ': POKE 081+e OLfCC):PO
EH l G:V=6':Yl =65:0fl =Y+J:D81=Y1+Jl:fOR KE Ofl+C,DL8CG):SOU"D O,120,8,15-G : IEH
G=l TO IB:POKE Dfl+C,DIIB2(C) T,
1815 POKE DB1+G , OIlf2(C):IEXT G: fOR C= 4811 POKE Dfl+10,OLB(18):POkE Ofl+11,D
l ' TO 22 : POK[ DB1+' , DI_f2(G):IEHT G'RE LI(11):fOA G=l TO 6:S0UI~ 8,121,8,lS-G
TURM ' :fOA HH=1 TO 18:"EHT HH:MEHT G: RETURI
1100 DR2 =2:fOR G=l TO 4:POKE D82+G.8:. CI28 fOR C=1 TO ' : POKE 081+&,OR8(G) : PO
EXl G:V2 =6S : Y3 =6':Df2=V2+J2:082=V3+J3: ~EGDfl+G , ORf(G):SOUIO 8 , 128,B.15 - C:IEH
fOR C=l TO 18:POKE Df2+'~DIlf2(G) CI21 POKE 011+10,OA8(10):POKE 081+11,0
1185 POkE D82+G,DIIB2'G) : IEXT G:fOR ,=
l'
TURN
TO 22:POKE Df2+C , OIlf2(C):MEHT G'RE
'
A8(11):fOA G=l TO 6:S0UID 8.128,8,15 - C
:fOR H"=l TO 18:N[HT HH:IEKT G:RETURN
1110 DR2 =1:fOR &=1 TO C: PDKE Of2+G.8:. C518 881=Of2:882=D82:&OSUB 4688
EXT G:V2 =6' : Y3 =65 : DF2=V2+J2:082=V3+J3 : C583 Y2=7C : V3 =75 : Df2=V2+J2:D82=V3+J3
fOR &=1 TO 18 : POKE Df2+C,OII81(C) C58S 01 OR2 G05U8 C528,CS38
CS18 RT=1:GOSU8 3580:GOTO .888
l'
1115 POKE D82+G,DINfl(G):IEHT G:FOR G=
TURN
TO 22:POKE OB2+G.Dllf1(G):.EXT G:RE C528 fOR G=l TO ':PDKE Of2+G,DRBC&):PO
KE D82+&.DRfC~):SOUND 8,118,8,15-G:NEX
3588 01 DRI GOTO ~518,3520 T •
3518 B8=D81:C& =35'0:GOTO 3558 C521 POKE Df2+18,DA8CI0):POKE Of2+11.D
3520 88=Dfl:C'=3SBO RB(11):fOA C=1 TO 6:50UID 8,118 8 15- &
3550 GOSUB 'C :fOR HH =l TO 18:IEHT HH:NEXT C:RETURN v
 VOL. 1 TH E A.N .A.L. O.G. COMPE NDIUM PAGE 121

4530 fOR 6=1 TO . ':PDKE D82+G,DLBCG1:PO IF PEEKC5321',=6 THEN POP : GOTD 1

KE Df2+G,DLfC61:50UND 8,118,8,15- G:NEX
T G RETUAN
4531 POKE D82+18,DLBCI01 : POKE D82+11,D ? "III OH DH '" fOOTSTEPS
LB(111:FOR 6 =1 TO 6:5eUNO 8,118,8,15- 6
:fOR ""=1 TO 18:NEXI l~H:NEXT 6:REIURN H=15 TO 8 STEP -
4688 FOR 6=1 TO 22:POKE 881+6,8:POKE 8
B2+G,8:NEHI 6:R£lURN-1 8:NEXT
4810 X=IlfTCRND(01*145+581:0N DRI 605UB
308,305: 605UB 1110: S'CORE1=SCOREl +18 : 6 8,118
OSUB 3818:R£TURN 8 : NE)(T
4818 X2=INT(RMO(81*145+581:0N DR2 GOSU NEXT (i
B 311,315: 60SUB 1118 :'SCORE2=5CORE2+ 11:
G05UB J810:REIURN
5810 COLOA I:PlCT 26.5:DRAWTO 26,15 : PL
01 26,5:DRANTD 31,6:DRANTO 31,14 : DRANT
o 26,15:60TO 5"8
5180 PLOT 36,5 : DRANI0 36,15:PLOT 35,S:
PLOT J7, 5 : PLOT J5,15 :'PLOT 37,15: GOTO 5
. .A 656,I:POKE 651
5280 PLOI 42,15:0RAWTO 42,5:DRANTO 46,
15 : DRANTO 46,5:GOI0 5"8 8121
5180 PLOT 58,5:DRAWTO 58,15:DRAWTO 55, 8831
15 : DRAWTO 55,5 : 0RAWTO 58,5:60TO 5"8 8148
5488 PLOI 66,5:DAAWI0 66,15 : DRAWI0 71,
15:0RAWTO 71 , 5:DRAWTO 66,5:PLOT 66,11:
DRANTO 71,11:60TO 5'~8
5588 PLOT 16,5 : DRAWTO 81 , 5:DRANTO 8161
5 : PLOT 16 , 5 : DRANTO 16,15:PLOT 16,18: R o 8128
AWlO 81,18:60TO 5"8 ) 8838 POKE 656,I:POKE 651,28: 1 " SCORE
5618 PLOT 85,5:DRAWTO '1,5:PLOT 88 , 5:D ":FOR H=1 TO 15:'OSU8 8118:NEI, "
RANTD 88,15:GDTD 5"8 8835 POKE 656, I : POKE 651,28: 1 • UIJi1i4
5180 PLOT '5 , 5:DRAWTO 181,5:PLOT '8,5: . ' : FOR "=1 TO 15 : GOSUB 8188: NE H: bO
DRANTO '8,15 : GOTO 5"8 TO 8130
5880 PLOT ·1 86,5 : DIAWTO 106,15: DRANTO 1 884a POKE 656,8: POKE 651,3: ? " SCORE
11,15:60TO 5"8 ":POKE 656,O : POKE 651,28: 1 to SCORE
5'80 PLOT 116 5 : DRAWTO 116,15:DRAWTO 1 ": FOR H=1 TO 15:GOSU8 8188
21 , 15 : PLOI 116,18:DR.WTO 121,18:PLOT 1 8.41 JlEXT "
16 L 5:DRAWTO 121,5:60lO 5"0 8'45 POKE 656,I:POK£ 657,3: ?
5,,,8 RETUAIf
1880 00 =11:DI" TFICD l , TB1CDD) , TF2CDDl II
":POKE 656 I : POKE 657 28: 1
:FOR " =1 TO 15 : 605U8 8188
• TB2 CDO) 8846 If EXT H:GOTO 884.
1185 FDA 6 =1 TO OD:T~IC61=8:TF2(Gl = 0:T 818e IF PEEK(53 2 7')=6 IHEN POP :GOI0 8
81(G) =8:TB2(6)=0 : NEXT 6 ZOO
1010 FDA 6 =1 TO 14:REAO C:TFICG1=C:NEX 8181 RETURIf
1 G:fOR G=1 TO 13 : AE60 C:TBICG) =C: NEXT 8200 SCOREl =8 : SCORE2=8 : TIM=8:TINE=5'
G I 8218 FOR &=250 TO 0 STEP - 3 : 50UNO O,G.
7820 FOA G=1 TO 13:A[AO C:TB2(G)=C:NEX 5,10 L J5:50UNO 1,6+4 , 18,14: 5 0UNO 2,G+3 ,
1 G: FOA G=1 TO 14:REAO C : lf2(6)=C:NEXT 11 , 1 ~
G 8215 SOUIfO 3,&+2,18,12 : POKE 11 2 ,RNOCI)
1825 *255 : NEXT G:FDR G=8 TO 3 : S0UNO G, B, 8,8
7B 3 8 : POKE 5 3 2 48+G,35 : NE)(T G
o 1' : 8217 POKE 7 12 , 1'7:605U8 3'38:GOSU8 3'0
TO O:GO SUB 3 '18
8 2 29 POKE 656,I : POkE 657,13: 1 "
":POKE 11 2, l'1 : GOTO 1 S
1.108 POKE 55',46: I= PEEKCI86) - 24 : POKE
81+ 6, 8:NEXT G
1851 POKE 1 94, 4 , ~ ~~~!,.
• 5421',I:POKE 5 32 7 7, 3:POKE 6 2 3 , 1
18810 J=I*256+51 2: Jl =I*256+640 : J 2=I*25
6+ 1 68 : J3=I*2 56+8,6
o 1 3: POKE DBl +6, 1111 5 FOR G=J TO J 3 +128:POKE 6 , 8:NEXT
TO 18: POKE Ofl+', G
7 160 FOR H=31 TO POKE 181 28 POkE 704 L 165 : POKE 185 , 165 : POKE 1
.~ 5 32C 8 L X+1 : SOUND 86 ,221:POKE 18/, 22 0
1162 I ~ X=15 THEIf 188 2 5 H=101:Y =11 : Yl= 16
1863 IF X=8 5 TH EIf 1803 8 OFJ =Y+J : 081 =Yl +J l : 0F2: V+J2 : 0B 2= Y
186 4 I F )(=' 1 THEN +Jl
1865 I F X=183 THE. 18835 IF RET=9 THEM RE TURN
1066 If X=11' THEN 18148 00=22 : 01" OINFIC001,O I IfF2(001,DI
1061 IF X=1 3 8 THE. Jl8 1 ( DO),DINB 2 (00),OHA(6' , DHL(6)
7168 IF X= 1 38 THEN 1884 3 CC= 11 : 01" ORFCCC),DRB(CC),OLFCCC
786' IF X: 144 THEN ) DLB (CC)
7110 If X=15 5 THEN 180 4 5 f OR G=1 TO DD:DIIfFI(6 )= 0:DINF 2 CG
) =0:DINBICG) =I:DINB 2 CG) =8 : NEXT &
I1B 58 RE510RE 1 2 511:FOR G= 1 TO 18 : READ
C : DIN81C&)=C : NEHT G: fOR G=1 TO 22 : RE~
D C:DIlfflCG) =C:NEXT G
18868 RESTORE 12611:FOR G=1 TO 2Z:AEAD
C:OINF 2 (6J =C : NEXT G:FOR C=1 TO 18 : REA
D C: DIN82CC) =C : NEXT ,
18865 RESTORE 12188:fOR 6 =1 10 6:READ
C:OHR(G) =C : NEXT 6:FDR &=1 TO 6:REAO C :
DHl (Gl =C : If EXT 6
11866 RESTORE 12888:FOA G= 1 TO ':READ
C:DRf(C) =C:JlEXT 6:FOR 6 =1 TO CC : RE~D C
6:6 : DR8CG)=C : IfE~T C
PAGE 122 THE A. N. A.l .O.G . COMP ENDI UM VO l. 1

•
C HEC KSUM DATA
( See pgs. 7-10)
8 DATA '8',124,484,671,656,286,62',38'
,485,28',3,3'2,475,873,35,62'1
188 OATA 258,4",888,'2,76','88,'56,83
5,868,'56 , '64,352,'6',677,4'3,18468
175 DATA 4'3,'66,685,148.162,188,78,38
3 4'5 488,4'. 657 488 658 4'5,6778
3~88 6ATA 5,527,5;1,'15,715,52,885,887
,885,'5,78,573,384,318,415,7277
3688 DATA 14,533,5'8,'78,772,61,862,58
5,272,'15,'27,483,388,88',686,8635
1'83 DATA 68,614,285,623,'45,631,374,' Moire Demo
4,388,283," , '15,6,'48,',6186
45.8 DATA 113,562,338,832,'5',48,'36,7
,448,68','42,627,'24,621 , 2'8,8141
54.8 DATA 86,6',28',636,448,811,823,78 18 DE'
4 757 768,778,"8,18'.221,432,8881 28 A=I_T(I.,*168,
7651 6ATA 557,61',754,762,766,447,461, 38 CIAPHICS 8+16
458,46',465,452,456,373,32',212,7574 4. SETCOlOI 2,8,8
7886 DATA 417,63',658,883,61,"',818,5 58 FOR 1=8 TO 16. STEP 5
31,'23,437,21',3'1,5'1,685,357.8441 6' 8=I_T (l/2)
8818 DATA 215,224,226,614,322,'38,1'4, 7, COLOR 1
757L5.1t37517'7L'83L7'8L77'L58518388 88 PLOT 8,8
821:, OA A 1 ,11."I",17b,27.,8' ,711,' , . DRANTO 1,168
73,382,726,484,643,831,61',628,7487 188 PLOT A.B
18865 DATA 811,777,768,76',688,43,27' , 118 OIANTO A-I,168
8'6,564,311,872,333,488,781,373,8654 128 PLOT 8,168-8
12808 DATA 251,148,3'1 138 OIANTO 1,8
148 PLOT A,168-8
15. DRANTO A-I,8
• 161 nHT I
17. IF PEEK(764) (}Z55 THEM EMO
18. 'OTO 178

CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7~ 10)

18 DATA 217,62.458,287,54,4,732 , 588.18

7.758,488,28',838,32',363,5486
168 DATA 746,161,728,1635
VOL. 1 THE AN. A .L.O.G. CO MPEN DIUM PAGE 123

TRIPLE THREAT DICE

16 K C assette 24K Di sk
b y Michael A . Ivins

Do you like to gamble but can't afford tr ips to las 35 '! "THEN ENTER YOUR BET OY PRESSINC
THE":? "TRIGGER, YOU MAY BET UP TO fI
Vegas or Atlantic City! If so, then this program is fo r UE"
you. By placing your bets carefully , you can befairly ... 1 "DOLLARS ON EACIt OPTION,"
sure of a high retu rn , while impulse betting on the 45 ? : 1 "WHEN YOU ItAVE fINISHED BElTIN
C, HOLD": '! "THE JOYSTICK TO THE RICHT
high odds might make you a big winner - o r it might UIITILL A"
make you go broke. 5B ? "POINTER APPEARS II THE BOH MARICE
D":? "'ROLL I>IC~A D PRESS TRICGER,"
Th is game is modeled after a type of gambling 68 ? :? "PRESS .' TO BECl]'"
machine fou nd in Las Vegas casinos. These machines 78 ? "COOD LUCK!! . "
75 If PEEK(5127"()6 THEN 75
use three dice to play and give you several options to ,e COTO 1888:REM DRAW BETTING LAYOUT
bet on. U nlike craps, you are betting solely on the 188 H=188:POSITIOII 7,28:? Mi
118 'OSUB 1788:REM CLEAR OETS RESET MI
outcome of a single ro ll of the dice. You may bet up
to five coins (nor mall y quarters) on each of the bet-
•
128 If COUNT:8 THEN Melee
138 If STICI«8' = ' OR STICI«I)=18 OR ST
ting options, with no lim it (other than your total ICI«8)=11 THEN O=B- l:COSUB 1588
137 If STICI«8)=6 OR STICI(CI)=7 OR STI
cash) to how ma n y of the options you choose to bet CI«8)=5 THEil B=B+l:COSUB 1588
on. 135 If B(12 THEil If BETCB)=S OR M=8 TH
EN 168
You use your joystick to position the bet cursor 148 If B(32 AND STRIC(8) =8 TItEN BET (B)
next to the option you wish to bet. Pressing the =BETCO)+l:POSITION K,Y:? BET(B)i:SOUND
trigger button will enter your bet one coin at a time 8,158,18,IS:M="- 1
141 If B(32 THEN IF BET(8)=8 THEN POSI
until you reach five coins, after which it will not TION K, Y: ? " .. ,
accept any more bets on that option. Moving the joy- 142 If B(32 THEN IF BET(B)8 THEil POSI
TION H, Y:? BETCB)
stick to the left or right will move the cursor. After 145 POSITION 7,28: ? M;" " i
you have bet as many options as you wish, hold the 148 fOR DELAY=1 TO 28:NEHT DELAY
14' If B)32 THEN B=12
joystick to the right unti l the pointer appears in the 158 If B=32 AND STRIG[O)=O THEN 288
box marked "ROLL DI.CE." Press the trigger again, 155 fOR DELAY=l TO 28:NEKT DELAY
168 SOUND 8,.,8 , 8:GOTO 118
and the computer will roll the dice. 288 COUIIT =COUNT+I:RE" ROLL AND ORAN DI
After each roll of the dice the computer will dis- eE
285 'OSUB 2780
play your win or say "SORRY" if you did not win. 218 Y=O:A=INTCRNDCO'*6+1):H=18:0N A GO
SUB 18888,18818,18828,18818,18'4e,1885
At this time you have an additional option. If you
should wish to take your winnings and quit, all you •
228 K=14:B=IIITCRNO(8)*6+1) : QN B GOSUB
18088,18810,18828, 1 8830,18849,18859
need do is pull the joysrick toward you. A push on 238 K=18 : C=INTCRND ( O'*6+1):ON C GOSUB
the trigger will return you to the betting routine. 0 18088,18818,18828, 1 8818 18840 , 18858
248 D=A+B+C:lf COUNT)t t HEN COUNT =1
258 RE" PAY WINNING OETS
268 If BET(8) =8 DR D( 12 THEN 275
265 MlN=NYN+BET(O) : POSITIOIl 6 , 21 :1 WIN
1 REM TRIPLE THREAT DICE
2 REM BY MICHAEL A, IUINS
·
278 POSITION 1,14 :? "." :
275 If BET(I'=8 OR D) ' THEN 2'8
3 REM JULY, J'81 288 WIN=MIN+BET(I) : PO SITION 6, 2 1 : ? WIN
1801" BET(11) : COUNT =8
15 GRAPHIC S 8 : ? " THIS IS A GAME PATTER
NED AFTER A":? " GANBL I NG KACHINE IN LA
·
285 POSITION 3,15 :? "+";
2" IF A(> B OR B( )C OR BET( 2 ) : 8 THEN 3
S VEGAS . "
28 ? "YOU OET ON THE OUTCOME Of THE RO
LL Of" : 1 "THREE DICE . YOU HAUE "ANY OP
••
2' 5 NIN =WIN+(B ET( 2 )*36 ,: POS I TION 6 , 21 :
? WIN ;
TION S YOU" 388 POSI TI ON 3, ~ 6:? "+";
25 ? "CAli BET ON . TO SELECT THE OPTIO 1 85 If (A <>B AND A() C AND B<>C) OR BET
II ON":? "WHICH YOU WI S H TO BET, USE TH (3) =8 THEN 128
E" 318 If A=B OR B=C OR A=C THEN MIN=WI"+
38 '! "JOYSTICK TO NOUE THE .), UNTILL (BET(I'*6':POS I TION ~i ~l : '! WI .. ;
n" : 1 "PO I NT S TO TH E PROPER OPTlOI. Y 31 5 PO ~ ITION 1 , 17 : 1 ' ...... ' ;
OU " 328 I F A=B AND B=C THEN 'O SUS 7888
PAGE 124 THE A.N .A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL . 1

338 If A=B THEli G=6:'O~UB 2188 1120 'OTO 118 v

lIS If A=C THEli '=A:'O~UB 2188 1288 POkE 752,1:FOR 1=1 TO 31:BET(I)=8
3'8 If 8=C THEM '=8:'0~U8 2188 :IIEKT I
358 If D(ll THEN '0~U8 «0-3)*11).2288 1218 fOR 1=6 TO 11: PO~ITI0N 2, I: 1" "
352 If D)18 THEN 'O~UB (A8S(0 - 18]*19)~ ;:PO~ITIOIi 14,1:1" ";:IIEKT I
2288 1228 FOR 1=14 TO 17:PO~ITION 2,1:1 "
368 IF 0=17 THEN 'O~UD 2218:IF D=18 TH "; :NEKT I
Ell r;O~UD 2281 1218 FOR 1=6 TO 21:POSITIOI 26,1:1 "
371 ~H.NYlI:PO~ITION 7.28:? H; ";:NEKTI
372 IF H=8 THEli 428 1248 PO~ITIO. 1'.28: 1 II ..... ";
373 If M>=5111 THEN 5188 1278 WIM=8:POSITION 6,21:1 II "
37S IF WIN)I THEN 481 1288 8=8:(;OSU8 1588
381 'O~UB 2611 12'8 RETUAN
382 PO~ITION l,I:? "~OAAY"; 1588 If 8(0 THEM 8=8:IF 8)32 THEN 0=32
385 If ~TAI'(8)=1 THEN PO~ITIOli 1.1:? 1518 IF 8=8 THEM POSIT 101 3,.14:1 ,,}, ..
" "; :GOTO III I/;:K=2:Y=14
3'1 If STICk'I)=13 THEN SOl 1511 If 8=1 THElI POSITION l,U:? .. U)
3'5 'OTO 362 , .. "i:K =2:Y=15
'II 'O~UD 2581 1512 IF 8=2 IHEII POSITION 3,15 : 1 " U)
482 PO~ITION 1 8:? "NINNER";
485 If ~TAIC(8i=8 THEN PO~ITION III:?
,+ "i:)C=2:Y=16
1513 IF 8=3 THEN PO~ITIOII l,16 :? " , .. }
10 " ; :'OTO III ";:POSITION 1,6:1 " ";:K=2:V=17 v
418 If ~TICk(8)=13 THEN SOB 1514 If 0=. THEI POSITIOI l,17:? " ";:
US GOTO 482 POSITION 1,6:? ,,) ... + ";:H=2:Y=6
428 ? ""1'" ~OARY I BUT VOU HAVE CONE B 1515 IF 8)4 AIID 8(' THEN PO~ITION 1,8+
: 1 "IF YOU MI~H TO STAAT AGAIN NI I:? " , .. , ... + ";:K=2:Y=8"2
1516 If 8=' THEN POSITIOI 3.18:? " ..... )
~. TO QU !OJ :POSITIOli 15,6: 1 " "; :K=2: Y=11
1517 IF 8 =18 THE. POSITIOII 3,11:1 " ";
PEEK (5327" ( :PO~ITION 15,6 :? ,,),+ ";:K=14:Y=6
1518 If 8)18 aID 8(15 THEN POSITION 15
COUNT=O:GOTO .8-5:? " , .. ), .. ";:K=14:Y=8-4
lSI' If 8=15 THEIi POSITION 15,18:? .. ,
.)";:PO~ITION 27,6:1 " ";:K=14:V=11
1529 If 8=16 THEN POSITION 15,11:1 " "
; :POSITION 27,6: 1 ,,),. "; :K= 26:V=6
1521 If 0)16 AND B(31 THEN POSITIOII 27
AND GO ,B-l1:1 " , .. ), .. "j:K=26:V=8-18
" 1522 If 0=11 THEN PO~ITION 27,28 : 1 " ,
")": :POSITIOII 1',28:? // ..... "; :K=26:V=2
1
1523 IF 8=32 THEil POSITION 27,21:1 " "
; : POSITIOII 1',28:? ' ........~";
1182 4,12.12 1550 RETURM
1885 TO 2880 IF 8ET(A.3)=8 THEN RETURN
HOVE 2819 WIN=WIN+'8ET(A+3'*216':PO~ITION 6
1818 " POI ,21:1 WINi
NTEA" 2828 PO~ITION 3,A+5:1 ""';
1128 1 . .., "PAY~ 216-1 PAY~ 18-1 TOT 2818 RETURN
AL PAY~" 2188 If 8ET(&+')=8 THEN RETURI
1825 ? .. ;.,- - - -....., ~,- - - -..... . - - -
.:::.:::....:...., " 2118 WIN=WIN+BET'C+"*18 : POSITION 6.21
: ? WIN;
1830 1 "'I l-ONE~ II 2- 0NES 3 2128 POSITION 15,(;+5:? "+";
216-1'"
1835 ? "I 3-TNO~
72-1,"
1848 1 "I 3-THREE~ II
II 2 - TNO~
2- THREESI
•
5
2130 AETURM
2280 If 8E'(13+0)=8 THEN RETURN
2282 WXII =WIN+BET(13+D)*216:POSITIOIi 6,
21:? WU;
36-1'" 2284 POSITION 27,0+1:1 "+//;
1145 ? "I I-FOUR~ II 2-fOUR~ 6 2286 RETURN
21 - 1'" 2218 If 8ET(13+0)=8 THEil RETUAI
1858 ? "I 3-fIVE~ I' 2-fIUE~ 7 2212 WXI=WIIl+8ET(IJ+0)*72:POSITION 6,2
14- 11" I:? NIM;
1855 1 '" l-~IKE~ II 2-~IKE~ 8 2214 POSITIOM 27,D+3:1 "+" ;
10-11"
1868 1 ".,-----~, .,-----~
'-11 "
, 2216 RETURN
2228 IF 8ET(13+0)=0 THEN RETURI
2222 WXN=WXN+BET'11+01*36:PO~ITION 6.2
1865 1 " , ' - - - - - - - - - - - . . . , 18 I:? WIN;
8-11" 2224 POSITION 27 , D+l:1 "+//;
1178 1 "I HI 'OVEA II) U 2226 RETURN
8 - 11" 2210 IF BET(11+D'=8 'HEN RETURN
187S 1 "I LO (UNDER 18' 12 2232 WIlI=WIII+BET'13+Dl*21 : POSITION 6.2
'-11" 1:1 WIll'
1888 1 "I AMY 3 OF KililD
18-11 11
13 221' PO~ITIOM 27. D.3: 1 "+//;
1885 1 "J AlIV 2 OF KIlID 2216 RETUAN
U 2248 If 8ET(13+0)=8 THEN AETURM
1'- 11" 2242 WIN=NIII+BET'11+Dl*14:POSITION 6,2
18'8 1 ".,- - - - - - -_ _ _ _-' 15 I:? WI";
21-1'"
18'5 ?
36 - 1,"
",r--------., 1. 2244
2246
2250
POSITION 27.0+3: 1 "+";
RETURN
If BET(13+0'=8 THEN AETURN
1188 1 "I CA~H: 17 2252 WIN=WXN+BET(11+D'*18 : POSITION 6,2
72-11" 1:"1 MIN;
1185 1 "IWIN: 18 2254 POSITION 27,D+3:? "+";
216-11" 2256 RETURN
1118 ? ".,- - - - - - - - - '
! "
2268 If 8ET(13+01=8 THEN AETURN
 VO L. 1 T HE A.N .A.L.O .G. COMPEN DIUM PAG E 125

~. 2262 WZN=NIN+BET(lJ+D).':POSITION 6,21

:1 WIM'
2264 P6SITION 27,0+3:? ''+'';
2266 RETUAN
2278 IF 8£T(11+D):8 THEN AETURN
2212 NIN=WIN+8ET(11+Dl*8:POSITION 6,21
: 1 NU;
2274 POSITION 27 , 0+3:1 "+";
2276 RETURN
2588 FDA 1 =1 TO 18
2585 fOR 5 =4, TO '8 STEP 5
2518 50UND ',5,18,18
7530 NEXT 5
2540 fOR 5='8 TO 48 STEP - 5
2558 SOUND 0,5 , 18,18
2578 NEXl 5
2588 NEXT I
25'8 50UND ',8,.,I : AETURN
2688 SOUND ',28',18,18
2628 fOR DELAY:1 TO 188:NEXT DELAY
2618 SOUND ',241,18,18
26'. fOR DELAY=1 TO 158:MfMT DELAY
•
2658 SOUND 8 , l t l t 8:AETURN
2788 FOR 1 =1 To zl
2718 fOR 5 =8 TO 58 STEP 28
212& SOUND . , 5,8,15
2738 NEXT 5: 50UID . , ' , 8,8
2740 .£)(1 I
2758 POKE 77 8 : AETUAN
5 •• 8 '7 CHR$ riZS); "THIS tMCHINE "A S .0
J'IORE fiIONfY . "
S_~.;';.:~i:~~:~"If
_ YOU MISH
': ? ""ND PLAY TO CA.. SH
AGOI 1M YOUR
AfTER THE

vo

18118 ojj,ilY K , V :? ..~.

11811 X, V"I :? • Ii
18112 X, V"Z : ? ' ';
18813
18828 ::gjn. ~ H.- V: ? '~ ,
118 2 1 K,V+J. :? ' ';
18822 X.V"Z :? · ';
18823
18838 X,V:? ..~
18831 K,Y"1 :? ' ';
11832 K,Y+2 :? ' ';
1 •• n

, v+" ..,- ·
18848 ? '~ ,
lieu •K,Y: ..,
18842 X,Y"2 :? ' ';
lieu:
1885. H,Y:? ..~.
18851 K,Y"I:?' ';
18957 X,Y"2 :? ' ';
18853 AETUAM •
•
- C H EC KSU M DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)

1 DATA 583 ,612,3".141,768,152.'41.724

,164,'64 ,3 57,'26,652,485,781,8288
'8 DATA l,158LJJ6,43' L688 LS78,166,81' .
"1 , 127,146 1~'.678 , 2Ql 3J ' . 6151
168 DATA 151,784,814,588. 315 , 334,588,4
56,813,248,'64 , '28, 2 52.'75.45.8235
2'5 DATA 6'.,'51, 1 28 , 888,'62 , 547 , 880,8
81,818,36 3 ,"3,318,143 , 562,'85,'843
375 DATA 85',824 L685 , 727 l 478,74"881,,
11,4~6,456 7 5,5~l,64l '61 l 7 18125
468 DATA 7 84 , 326,'5,158 , 881, 84&,185.'6
5 . S24 , 2 2J. 4~B.SJJ.7BS . S4 ~. 46B.7486
PAGE 126 THE A.N .A. L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VO L. 1

v
BICYCLE u

~
•
16K Cassette 24K Disk
by Dan Devos

Bicycle is a one player ga me. You are a messenger 5 CHPO S= CHSETt(~5C(CHAR$ C I') - C12)*C8
working fo r the largest shi pping company in l'he 6 FOR J =CO TO C7
world. As part o f your daily ro utine, you must run 7 READ A:POKE CHPOS+J,A
8 NEXT J : NEXT I
memos and invoices from the main shi pping o ffices ~ fOR I=C1 2 TO 1,:POKE CH SET+I , C256 - Cl
o ut to the loading and receiving docks. Leaping on - PEEK(CHORG+I) : NEXT I
10 POKE 756, CHSET /C 256
your trusty bicycle, you proceed across the vast 15 DATA 9,0,223,1",213,85,221,0
parking lot, past rows o f id ling tractor trailer rigs, 16 DATA 0,16,120,254 , 127,10,4,8
17 DATA 8 , 8,28, 2 0,54,0,0,0
dodging the many potholes that im pede yo ur 18 DATA 8 , 8,26,28,'3,42,28,8
progress. However, the potho les are not the o nly l ' DATA 112,112,248 , 248,252, 252,226 , 22
6
things you have to look out fo r. The d ri vers of the 20 DATA 226 , 226,254 , 254,255,127 , 181,24
trucks are in a hurry to leave, and often they can 't 5
21 DATA 223,'5,27 , 0,0,0,0 , 0
bother to watch out fo r one poor little messenger on 31 BB=CO:Y=C8:SETCOlOR C2 ~ C1 , C4:SETCOl
a bicycle! Needless to say, you have to be carefu l OR C3,CO,12 :S ETCOlOR Cl,C8,C8:SETCOlOR
cO,Ca , C(
where you 're going! 12 8B =CO:H=C1:POSITION C5,l': ? UC6;"HE
Playing the game. N:vvv":PO'HTION C' , C20:? UC6; " UUU"
:SETCOlOR C2, C3,C4:SETCOlO
The cyclist is continuall y proceeding at a fi xed
rate, and he can also move up and down. Every time
yo u are hit by a truck or fall into a potho le, you lose a
cyclist. There is a total of three cycl ists in a ga me.
Scoring.
For ever y space you move, you get one point. For
every sectio n of the parking lot, there are two truck
drivers walking to their trucks. If you hit a walking
truck driver you get 500 points. Watch out! The
truck dri vers can stand o ver the pot holes and when
the cycl ist hits them he fall s into the ho le. ' ~~;~~i:~::~ ( C3*RND(
The program. 65 POSITION H ,O+Cl: ? nC6; :POSITION
This program uses a machine language subro utine .79
P , Q:? UC6;"v" : P05ITION P,otC1: ? UC6 ; "U
If AA THEN (000
to move player missile graphics. The program draws
100 AA=Cl:POKE 752 , Cl : POKE 51257,CO:PO
twO rows o f trucks in G raphics Mode 1. Then three KE 5125a,CO:POKE 5125',CO
players, exactl y the same as the edited characters, are 110 PCOlA=26:PCOll=52:PCOl2=52:PCOll =5
2
put on top o f three of the trucks. These trucks are 1800 FOR 1=1516 TO 1796:READ A:POKE I,
erased and the pla yer trucks can then move A : MEXT I
1010 FOR 1=1774 TO 1787:POKE I,CO : NEXT
smoothly. The fest o f the program just moves the I
players. Type in the program and wait until the 1820 PH=PEEK(106) - C16:PHBASE=C256*PH
1810 FOR I=PH8ASEtl021 TO PMBASEt2046:
screen display says " Press Start ." 0 POKE I,CO : NEXT I
1040 FOR I=PHBASE+I025 TO PH8~SE+1014 :
READ A: POKE I A:NEHI I
o GOTO 10069 1050 FOR I=PH6ASE+1281 TO PHDASEtI2":
1 88=CO:T=C9:U=C9 : U= CO:DIM CH~R$(C8),W READ A:POKE I A: HEXT 1
HICHCCl,C2):CHAR$ ="fQUUNHZ" 1860 FOR I=P"~ASEt1517 TO PHDASEtI555:
2 GR~PHICS C17:CHSET= ( PEEKe196)-CI2'*C READ A:POKE I,A:HE~T I
256:CHOAG=571((:POKE 6 ? I,Cl 1861 fOR I =PHBASEt17,1 TO PH8~5E.1611:
3 FOR I =CO TO 511:POKE CH SETtl,PEEKCCH READ A:POKE I,A:NEMT 1
OR(;-+n : NEIH I 1879 POKE 79 4 ,PCOlO : POKE 795,PCOl1:POK
4 FOR I=Cl TO C7 E 706,PCOl 2 :POKE 707,P COL 3
VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L. O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 127

1888 PlM =S3248:PlV=1788:PLl =1784 4230 If NOT STRI'CCO) THEN '008

18'0 POkE 55'.62:POkE 1788,PH+C4:POKE 4J80 E=E- Cl:POKE PlM+Cl,0+C48:POKE PLY
SI277,CJ:POKE 5427',PH +Cl , E+C12:G=G - Cl:POME PLM+C2,F+C48:POK
1180 X=USAC16'61 E PLY+ C2, (;+C12
2888 DftT~ 167 L I , 18' ,2 44,6 ,Z '8,a'.56,22 4118 I=I+Cl:POKE PlM+C3,H+C(8:POME PLY
1 248 6 2.8 8~ J41 25. 6 106,1'1 +Cl ,I +C12
2610 6AtA 2SS,6,l.2.2Sj,6.2"16,,.,18' (680 IF PEEK(5 32 68) THEN 1 0000
.253.6.2'.19'~252,6.1JI.20'.JII 5'08 a=A+CS
2828 DATA 286,18',2'8,6,133,283,173,25 5801 IF ST I CKC CO) =1 3 THEN B ~ 8+C 3
4,6,133,285, 1 8', 2 '8 , 6 , 178,23 2. '6,755 S802 If STICKCCO)=C? TH EN A=A+ C1
2810 DATA 6,1".16,168,1 77,20 3,1'5 ,2 85 5803 If STICK(CO)=14 THEN 8=B -Cl
L16,,8tJ.5L20ILlI61282LZ881Z"L76,87 S80( IF A) 165 THEM 2 8808
ze.g DATA D, J 66 , 8, 77,z8!, 'S,zeS,16', 5885 V ~ Y+Cl :S 0UND Cl,50 ,Cl0,C8:S0 UNO C
8,1'5,283 ,2 88,78 2,2 08,2 •• , 17 •• 253,6 1 ,CO ,C8 , CO :P OKE Pl M,A+ C( 8: POKE PLV,B+C
2850 DATA 173,2 5' , 6 ,1 57,2.8 ,6, 18',236 , 32 : GOTO 4088
6,7'8,'8,133 , 2 03,2' ,13 8 , 1'1 ,25 3 , 6 '800 FOR ZZ=C l TO JO : NEMT ZZ
2860 DATA 18',235,6,133,20',24,173,253 '001 If HOT STRI'CC9] THEN (JOO
6 1",252 6 133, 2 86 , 18',7'0,6,133 ,.0 2 GOTO '801
2879 DaTa 205,18,,248,6,178,168,9,177, 18008 T=Cl:PO SITION N,O :? ttC6;"f" : PO SI
28J,145,205,200, 2 02, 2 88 , 248,174 , 251,6 TION M,OiCl: ? " C6 ;" " : GOTO 190 6 0
2888 DATA 16',8 , 157,236,6 ,2 8 2, 48,1,76, 18018 U=C l : POSITIOH P , D:? ttC6 ; "f" : POSI
2,6,76,'8,228,0,0,104,16' TION P,OiCl: ? tlC6:" ":(;OTO 18069
28'9 DATA 7,162,6,168,9,32,'2,228,'6 18068 U= U+Cl:V =V+508:fOA KK=C256 TO Cl
10eo OATA 48 , 48,3 2,5 6,16,56,110,181 , 16 STEP - Cl:S0UNO C0 KK,CI0 1(:NEMT KK :S
5,66 OUNO CO,CO ,C 8,CO:' 6TO (08 6
1010 DATA 11 2, 11 2, 248,248, 2 52 ,252 ,226 , 2 0e88 POSITION N, O: ? tlC6 ; " ":POSITION
226,226,226 ,2 54 ,2 54,255 , 127,181,2(5,22 N,0+Cl: 7 tlC6;" ":POSITION P,O:? tlC6;"
1,'5,27 ":POSITloN P,O+Cl: ? UC6;" "
1820 OATA 112 112 248 248,252,252,226, 28810 POSITION J,M: ? tlC6 ; " " : POSITION
226,226,226,254,254,255,127,181,245 ,2 2 l,N:? tlC6; " "
3,'5,27 20020 GOTO 35
3830 DATA 112,112,248, 2 48,252,252,226 , 3 8008 W=W-Cl: POKE PlK,A+4J:POKE PLV,B+
226,226,226,254,254,255,127,181 ,2 45 ,2 2 C12:fOR XM =14 TO CO SlEP -Cl
3,'5,27 38918 SOUND CO,2S8,CI0,XM:fOR VV=Cl TO
488e POKE Pll , C18:POkE Pll+Cl,C28 : POkE C2 : NEXT VV:NEXl XM
Pll+C2,C29:POkE Pll+C3I:C28:A ~ C8:8 ~ 8e 38928 PO SITION .,O :? tlC6 ;" ":P OSI TION
4818 POkE Pl~ , A+C(8:POk PlY,B+C32 N,0 +C l : 7 nC6 ;" ": POSITION p,a: ? DC6 ;"
4828 G=INT(C(.A"D(CO»+Cl:D = G*C16:E ~'S " : POSITION P,O+Cl: ? UC6:" "
:POKE Pl~+Cl,D+C48 : POKE PlY+Cl,E+CJZ 38018 POSITION J, K: ? tlC6; I t " :P OS ITION
4810 G=G+G : POSllI0N ' , 12 :? UC6;" ":POS l,N:? tlC6 ;" "
ITION G,13: ? tlC6;" ":PO SllI0. G, 14: ? tI J8011 POSITION C5,1':? tlC6i"HEN : " : FOR
C6;" " Z=CO TO W:POSITION C,+W,I':? nC6 ;" " :P
4840 I=INTCC5*RNOCCO»+CS:f=I*C16 : G='5 OSIT ION C'+W C29 : ? tlC6 ;" ": NEXT Z
:POKE PlM+C2,F+C48 : POKE PlY+C2,G+C12 380(8 If Not W THEN 31
4858 I=I+I:POSITION 1,12 :? tlC6;" ":POS 30058 GO TO 35
ITION I,ll :? tlC6;" ":PO S ITION 1 , 14 :? tI 19068 Cl=1:C2=2:Cl=1:C4:4:C5=5:C6=6:C7
C6 ; " " =7: C8 =8 :C ' =':Cl0 =10 :C I6 =16 :C 1 7:17:C2 0 =
4860 A=INTCC'*RMOCCO»+Cl:H=R*C16:1 =3 ' 20:C12=32:C(8~(8:C256 = 256
:POKE PlM+Cl,H+C48 : POKE PlY+C3,I+C32 10078 GRAPHIC S Cl:SETCOlOR C2 ,C O,CO : PO
4870 A=R+A:POSllI0N A,C S :? tlC6 ; " ":POS 5111 ON C5,C8:? tlC6 ; "* 8ICVClE * " :PO SIT
ITION A, C6 :? tlC6;" ":POSITION R, C7 :? tI ION C, CI0:? tlC6 ' ''BV''
C6 ;" " 38008 POSITION eli , 1 2:? DC6 ; "oaN OEUOS"
4871 POKE 5 1278 CO : IF 8B lHEN 4088 JOO'8 FOR T=C l TO 200:SETCOLOA CO,T,C8
4872 88=C1:S0UN6 CO,Z08,C18,C8:S0UNO C :POSllIO. C5,C8 :? tlC6;"* BICYCLE *" : "E
1 ,2 91,CI8,C8 MT T:GOTO 1
..
4873 POSITION CS,18:? tlC6:"pre ss start
4874 R ~ R+Cl:SETCOlOR Cl,A , C8:If PEEK(S •
3 17')(>C6 THEN (07 3
(875 POSll10N C5,18 :? nC6;" CHEC K SU M DATA
":SETCOlOA C1,C8,C8:S0UNO C8,C8,C8,C8:
SOUND Cl CO CO CO (See pgs. 7· 10)
4880 posin6. h,C17:? DC6 ;"SC ORE : ":V ,
(8S1 IF IHT«A /C8 )+Cl]*CS+C( }J*C8+C8 0
R INT((A /C 8)+Cl]*C8+C4 ( J*C8 THEN 4128
48'0 If INT(B /C8 )+ Cl]*C8+C4 }K*C8 AND
IM1«(8 /C8 )+ C1)*C8+ C(K*C8+C8 THEN 3980
•
(1 2 0 If INT(CA /C8 )+C1)*C8+C( )l*C8iCO 0
R INT(CA/C8)+Cl)*C8+C4(l*C8 THEN (140
(118 IF INT«B /C 8)+ CI )*C8+C4 } H*C8 AND
l"lC(8/C8]+Cl)*C8+C("*C8+C8 THEN 1080
•
(1(0 IF T THEN (1'0
(150 If INT(CA/C8]iC1)*C8+C(}N*C8+C8 0
A IHT(A /C8 )+Cl)*C8+C 4 ( N*C8 lHEM (1'0
.160 If INTC(8 /C8 )i Cl)*C8 -t C( }O*C8 AND
IN1«8/C8)+Cl)*&8+C(0*C8+CI6 THEN 180
00
41'0 If U THEN 4220
4 2 00 If INTCCA /C 8)+Cl)*C8+ C4 ) P*C8+ C8
R INTC(A /C8 )+ Cl)*C8+C(P*CS THEN (220
°
4210 If INT(B/C8)+Cl)*C8+C4)O*C8 AND
INT(C8 /C8)+Cl)*C8+C4(O*C8+CI6 THEN 108
•
18
(220 If INT«8 /C8 )+C1). C8 + C8(61 OA INT
C(8/C8)+C1)*C8+C6)'6 l HEN 3 0088
PAGE 128 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1

COLOR •

SLOT MACHINE

24K Casse tte o r Disk

by Mich ael A. Ivi n s

The re~defined character set is a powerful tool This effect is due to a curious property of the
which can be used in many different ways. The graphics screen whose technical name is "artifact-
cha racters can be used fo r special animatio n effects, ing." Simply stated, the principle is thata single pixel
and are especially usefu l when combined with o f GR.S (the smallest the ATARI will generate) will
certain types of modified display lists. Finally, they be o ne color while another pixel one space o r any
can be used to create colorful graphic displays in the odd number of spaces away will have a different
text mode, GR.O. This last application is the subject color. By now you are probably asking, "If this guy
of this article. wants to talk about re-deAned character sets, why all
If you have ever done much playing around with this stuff about colors in GR.ar" Eve ry character has
GR.S you know that getting (our colors in this mode eight bytes associated with it, and the panern made
is not as difficult as you might expect. For the new· up by those bits which are o nes determines the shape
comers I include example P r ogr a m I to show what I of the characrer. Two examples of this are shown in
mean. Figure 1 with I A showing the bit pattern of the
lette r "A" and IB showing a percent sign . Each
pixel has a GR.O character, whether it be text or
18 GRAPHICS 8 : 5ETCOLOR 2~8 . J5
28 SfTCOLOR i •••• :COLOR 1 control graphic, is identical to a single pixel ofGR.a.
JI fOR H=8 TO 2'. STEP 2 : PlOT X, , By apply ing the same techniques which gave us
4' DR.NYU K,18 : IEXT X
5. fOR X=l TO 211 STEP 2 : PLOT X, 21 colors in GR.S to re-defining characters, we can get
61 DRQNTO K 18 : .EXT K many kinds of colored graphic characters.
78 f~R X=8 to 28' : PLOT X,48
88 DRQNTO X,51 : MEXT X
A B
• 00000000 OOOOOOOO
000 11000 0 11 00110
Pr ogram 1. 001 11100 0 1101100
0 11 001 10 00011000
This may seem to have little to do with re~defined 001100110 00110000
character sets, but bear with me, I'm coming to it. 01111110 01100110
The example should show what appear to be three 01100110 01000110
bars on a white background with blue at the top, red OOOOOOOO OOOOOOOO
next and black at the bottom. The program was
supposed to draw two sets of evenly spaced vertical Figure 1.
lines and one solid bar, so what happened~ You
would expect the bottom bar to be black. The on ly There is one im portant facto r which should be
differences between the top two bars is in the posi~ mentioned at this point. The colors you can get (rom
tioning of the vertica llines, yet we get the two colors. your special characters (or a GR.S display) will
 VO L. 1 THE A.N .A.L.O .G . CO MPENDIUM PAGE 129

depend on the chosen backgrou nd color and chosen there is a comment I wou ld like to make. Ca l cu l a~
lu minosity of the foregr ound. Fo r your own app li ~ ting OUt aU the numbers for specia l characters you
catio ns you should experiment with the combina ~ have d rawn on graph paper is very slow work and it
d ons of foregr ound and background color whi ch tends to be boring. Fortuna tely th is is the sort of task
gives the effect you wa nt most. Fo r the purpose of which lends itself to being "computerized." There
this articl e and the game program which accompan· are, in fa ct, many character editor programs on the
ies it I use a white background (SETCOLOR 2,0, IS) market as well as some which have been published in
- and a black foreground (SETCOLO R 1,0,0).
I give two exa m ples in Figures 2 and 3. Fo r
magazines. These all allow you to make changes in an
en larged matrix and see the effects of these changes
on the normal sized character. They let you save the
greater ease of use I have enlarged the pattern of bits
so you can see them better than in the previous special character set or "font" for use with your own
example. I have also labeled the values of the bits and programs. I used such a program which went as fa r as
given the decimal values that you would poke into writing the actual subroutine that does th e work in
the character table to make the changes. With the the Slot Machine game.
specified colo rs, the character defined in Figure 2 The game.
will give you a solid blue block while the one in After the title display, the program will draw a
Figure 3 will make a solid red block. colorful slot machine on the screen making use o f
several kinds of colo red graphics characters. There
Decimal are two ways to play, which you choose by pressing
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 value the OPTION button any time there is no bet placed.
1 0 1 0 1 o 1 o 170 Fo r those who might be unfamilia r with slot
machines I will describe the opti ons. Single li ne play
I 0 1 0 I o I o 170
uses only those sy mbols which line up in the cente r
1 0 I 0 I o I o 170
of the pay windows. In this version additional
I 0 I 0 I o 1 o 170
"coi ns" bet give bigger payou ts when a winning
I 0 I 0 I o I o 170
combination comes up. The five lin e version gives
1 0 I 0 I o I o 170
more ways to win by add ing top, bottom and dia~
I 0 I 0 I o I o 170
gonal pay lines for the num ber of coins played. Si ngle
I 0 I 0 I o 1 o 170
line play can pay more when it pays, bu t the five line
I 0 I 0 I o 1 o 170
version ca n give more ways to win so you win more
often.
Figure 2 (Blue Block). Playing the game itself is simple. To enter a single
coin bet, press the trigger button of the joystick and
release. If you wish to bet the maximum bet of five.
Decimal
128 64 32 16 8 simply hold the trigger button down until the beeps
4 2 1 value
o o stop. In the si ngle lin e version the pay chart changes
I 0 1 J o I 85
to reflect payout fo r the size o f the bet, while the five
o 1 0 J o 1 o 1 85
lin e version employs line pointers to indicate how
o J 0 J o J o I 85
many lines are in play. When you have made your
o 1 0 I o 1 o 1 85
o J 0 J o I o 1 85 desired bet, move the joystic k in any direction to
o J 0 1 o J o 1 85 spin the reels. More details are given in the program
documentation. Happy gambli ng! 0
o J 0 J o I o J 85
o I 0 J o I o J 85
PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
Figure 3 (Red Block). The first thing the program does is to jump to the
routi ne which alters the character set and since that is
the main thing I wish to illustrate, I will cover this
Simple red and blue blocks alo ne make for rather fi rst.
dull graphics, but I'm sure you can see that by cleve r Line 32000 The fi rst step resets RAMTOP.
arrangi ng of the dots you can create many interesting Next a graphics command to set the new top of
shapes. If the shape you wa nt is too large to fit infO a memory. Now we poke the location of the new
single 8x8 grid then use two , th ree or even more character set .
characters. To give one example of the kinds of Line 32005 This defi nes a machine language
th ings that can be done with color graphics routine which wi ll copy the o ld c haracter set out
cha racters and hopefully have a little fun at the same of ROM into the protected area o f RAM.
time, I include my program fo r Co lor Slot Lines 320 1 0~320 1 5 These lines are here to
Machine. give you something to look at wh ile the c h ar~
Before getting into a description of the game itself acter set in itializes. You won't see anything at
PAGE 130 TH E A.N.A. L. O.G. COMPENDIU M VOL. 1

th is point si nce the area pointed to by C HBAS redraws the machine and paychart and resets all
(location 764) is blank. valul!s to beginning leve ls. Qu itting naturally
Line 32020 This executes the machine ends the game.
language routine so that the material printed in Lines SOO~590 Th e functions here are
the previous lines can now be seen on the screen. similar to the betting loop of the singl e line
Unes 32030~32040 Now we mak e the vers ion. The main difference is in setting line
actual changes. We first read the number that poin ters instead of changing the paychart.
tells where to start and then p ut in the new Lines 600~610 This reads all payable
numbers. Some of the characters look a bit locations. Caution shou ld be noted here. Be
funny (like a duster of cherri es with a blue leaf sure when you type these lines in that you use
or a purple bell) but this is the best I could do the abbreviation LOC, (or LOCATE and POS,
with these colors. for POSITION, or you won't get everything in
Now we return to the mai n program and from this on those lines.
point I will take things in the sequence they arc Lin es 620~676 This section checks tor
shown in the program. wi nning combinations and jumps to the payout
Lines 1O~ 1 J These set up the reels of 30 routine if one is present. I originally tried to
"symbols" on each. If you wished to change the make th is section more brief, but kept getting
odds of rhe game, th is is the place to do it. You errors.
could make it harder to win by changing the Lines 680~698 C hecks for win and goes to
symbols or by adding no pay sy mbols or blanks. sound routine if appropri ate.
If you wanted to, you could set up the reels so Lines 700~720 Resets bet, erases line
that you would win on eve ry play, which I pointers and jumps back to betting routine if
would consider to be boring not bank rupt.
Line 30 Jumps to the rou tine which draws Lines IOOO~I055 This creates the siren for
the machine. winning and is a simple tone with rising and
Lines 40~IOO Here we set the initial values falling pitch.
for game counters and display them. This also Lines 1300~ 1360 This is the routine which
lets you know you are playing the one li ne resets the paychart according to the size of the
version. bet in the one line play version.
Line 120 This displays the betting prompt. Lines 2000· 2090 This is the routine
Line 125 If the bet is the maximum or the which actually draws the machine. Notation
bankroll is zero then the betting routine is should be made here that the paychart is not
skipped. truly complete. Most combinatio ns will pay
Line 130 Wait for trigger press, increment with a bar (single or double) on the last reel. I
bet, decrement bankroll and sta rt sound. Also d id not have room to fit this on the screen.
gosub to change the paychart. Lines 2300~2390 This animates the handle
Line 135 Jump to the five line version if by fitst erasing the knob and redrawing it lower
OPTION is pressed and bet is zero. and doing the reverse by drawing a section of
Line 145 Erase play p rompt if bet reaches the hand le and the knob one space higher. This
maximum. routine also clears any old wins.
Line 150 A delay is slow betting. Lines 2400~2495 This is the payou t
Lines 160~168 Display bet, shut off sound, routine for the single line version.
display bet. Lines 2600~2690 This is the super jackpot
Lin es 17 0~ 175 Return to betting loop it routine and is triggered if three of the "seven"
stick not moved or if stick moved but bet zero. symbols appear on the center line with maxi·
Line 180 Zero Out the attract mode. mum bet in the one line version and on the fifth
Lines 290~31O Jumps to the routine that line with maximum bet in the five line version.
animate the handle and spin the reels. This has first an explosion sou nd, a slower siren
Lines 3 11 ~3 1 5 Reads the symbols on the than the regular windsound followed by another
pay line and jumps to payroutine. explosion. Then the words "SU PER JACK·
Lines 320~327 Calculates the proper length POT!!!" are flashed. I suggest that you type in
of windsound and ju mps to that routine. "GOSUB 2600" from the direct mode as you
Lines 330~3 40 Resets bet to zero and i( any won't be seeing much of this routine unless you
money is left you are returned to the berring change the odds.
routine. Lines 2950·3180 This animates the spin of
Lines 350~ 42 0 This is the routine that is the reels. I had originally tried to make the reels
activated if you go broke. It resets the left turn two full spins plus a random bit extra, but
margin, erases the paychart and then gives you this slowed down the action of the game coo
your quit or start over options. Starting over much, doing it from BASIC. Therefore we just
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A .L.O .G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 131

assume rhose spins without showing them and 1311:8ET=8

22:1 "8AMKROLL:";8AMKR
take a certain num ber plus a random amo unt. :"; 8fT; :P05I
Fro m {h is point (he reels are moved visibly by
a fixed number of spaces for each reel.
;h~~r~~ 28,21:PRIIT
Lines 4000·4080This is the pay routine for ; IIIEMT DELAY
8AIIIKROLL=8 OR 8ET=5 THEM 561
the five line version . 0 STRIGCO) =I THEM 8ET=8ET+l : 8AIIIKR
OLL =8ANKROLL - l:S0UIIID 8,58 11,1'

.......
1
545 IF PE£K(5321'):3 AMD 8ET:I THEN 'I
551, IF 8fT=1 THEIII POSITIOIII 4,8:PRIIT "
1 REM COLOR SLOT MACHINE ,
2 REM 8'1' MICHAEL A, IUIMS 552 IF BET =2 THEM PO SITIO" 4,6:PRI"T "
3 REM 1II0UEHIER l,al
4 GOSUB 328"
1. DIM LS(61),M$(61) RS(68) PAY$('):OP
EI U2,IZ,8,"S:":NIMS6uMD=II'I:fPAV=41.
8:SPI"=2 '5'
.
" ",,
,
55. IF 8ET =3 THEIII POS1TIO" 4,18:PRIIIIT
556 If 8ET =4 THEIII POSITIO" 4,4:PAI.T "
-II ,

11 PIIIYS : " h~-e.zlD": CH ='1: D8=U6: S8 =16 5si If 8ET =S THEIII POSITION 4,12:PRllllr
•15 LS =" ikedUgh.~b9h.fCd=9hC~fi
d9hCdg~d.fCdCdabgh.fCdCd.f9h
je
" u,
5ia'POSITION Z',22:PAINT BAlkAOLL;" u;
:P05ITION 24,23:PAINT BET;
28 MS ="abR fgh. fabgh. fCd=. fcdabeo fghi
jeofabc dgh;l' f,lt. ~habcdeo fed"
25 RS =" ghcd~ f_gheo fgh. fCd=C dcdeo f . d i
" ..
562 IF DET : 5 THEIII P05ITIO" 28,21:PIINT
565 fDA DELAY: 1 TO 28:NEXT DELAY
jgh-=- d9fl::CdC d. fgh. f=. f. fed" 566 SOUID 8 , 8 , 8,8
38 HiMKAOLL =101:8ET=8:WIM =8:L =I:H=I:R: 57a IF STICK(O) =15 THEN 538
1 575 IF DET =I THEI 538
41 GOSUS Z•• 8:AEM DRAW MACHINE 5a8 'OSU8 2388
,. POSITION ZI,28:? "1 LINE PLAY" 5'8 GOSua SPIJI
18. POSITION 28,Z2:PRIMT "BlIIIIKROLL:";B 68. LOCATE 5,8 , L":POSITION 5,8:1 CHAS(
AIIIKAOLL:POSITION 28,23:PRINT "BET:";BE L",:LOCATE 8,8 , "" : POSITION a,8:1 CHRS(
. .,,
T;:POSITION 38 23:PAIIIIT "WIN:"'NI.'
128 IF BET(S THEIII POSITIO" 2.,il:P~IMT
125 If BAMKROLL =. OR 8ET=5 THE" 145
~:LOCATE 11,a,A":P05ITION 11,8:? CHR
S (RM)
685 LOCATE 5,6,LT:POSITIO. 5 , 6 :1 CHRS(
IT):LOCATE 8,6 , NT : POSITIOIII 8,6:1 CHAS(
118 IF STAIG(B)=. THEN BET=SETtl:GOSUB "T):LOCATE 11,6,AT :POSITIOIII 11 ,6 :? CHR
138.:50UIIID ' , S8.18 , 14:8A"KROLL=BAIIIKRO SUT)
LL-1 618 LOCATE 5,18,L8:POSITION 5 , 11:? CHR
115 If PEEK(5321'):3 AND BET =, THEN 58 SCL8):LOC4TE 8,18 , NB:POSITIOIII a , II :? C
•145 IF ...
BET =5 THEN P051TIOIII 28,21:1 "
HRS(MB) :L OCATE 11 , 18,R8:P05ITIOIII 11,18
:? CHAS(R8)
621 If (L"=CH AND MM(>CH) OR (LH=CH AI
lSI fDA DELlIY =1 to S:IEKT DELAY D HHi-LM) THEM F=LM:S =MM:T=RM:G05UI FPA
168 POSITIOIII 24,Z3:PRIIIIT 8ET; y
16S SOUIIID 1,8 , ',8 621 IF LM=DB .IIID ~SB 4111D (AH=OB OR A
168 PO 51 nOM 21,22! PAIIT 8AIKROLl;" "; " =5 8) THEN F=L":S ="":T =AM:GOSUB FPAY
178 IF STICK(8) =15 THEIII 128 622 IF LNl-MM AN. RM: "" THEN f=LM:S:MH:
175 IF IET =I THEM 121 T:RN :Ii OSUB FPAY
118 POKE 77 • 623 IF LM=tB Alt (NMl-OB OA MM=S8) AMt
2" 'OSU8 2i •• :REN PULL HANDLE AM=51 THEM F=l M:S=MM:T=RM:GOSUI fPAY
311 GOSua SPIJI 62. If LM()CH AND l"(>OB AMD LM(>SB A.
311 LOCATE 5,a,LM:POSITIOIII 5,8:? CHRS( D L"(>1'5 THEN IF lM=HM AND (RM=DI DR
l"'
...,
312 LOCATE 8,8."":P05ITIOIII 8,a :? CHAS(
R"=S B) THEM 62'
625 IF LM=S8 AIO ""=tB AMO CRM=DI OR A
M=S8) THEI f : LM:S=MM:T=RN:GOSUB fPAY
313 LOCATE 11,',RM:P05ITION II,B:? CH. 626 IF LM:SB 1"0 CMM=DB OR ""=S8) 1111.
S (AN) RNeDI THEIII F=LM:5=MM:T=RM:GOSUB fPIY
315 GOSUI 2 ••• 628 'OTO 638
328 IF NII>I AID wtlll(BET*I. THEM DUA=7 62' F=L N:S =MM:T =RN:GOSUB FPAY
: liOSU8 WIJI50UND 611 If IET =1 THEN 6',
325 IF NIN) =8ET*11 AMD NIIII(IET*2S THEIII 631 IF LT:DI ."0 ",=S8 A"O (AT=DI OR R
tUR=3:COSUB WIIIISOUIIID T=S 8) THEIII F=LT:5 =MT:T=RT:G05UI FPIIIY
326 IF wtlll> =IET*2S AMt wtM(=IET*SI THE 632 IF (LT :C H Alllt MT(>CH) OR (LT=CH A.
M DUR=5:'OSUI NIIIISOUID o MT =CH) THEN F=LT:S=NT:T=RT:GOSUI FPA
121 IF NII>8ET*51 AND NlN (211. THEN DU y
R:18:'OSUI WI.SOUID 633 IF LT:Da A"D ("T :S6 OR NT=DB) AIIID
~38 IET:8:POSITIO. U,23 : PRINT 8ET;" " RT =S 8 THEN f=LT:S=MT:T=RT:GOSUa fPAY
614 If LT ="T AMO AT =N1 THEN F=LT:5="T:
i48 IF BANKROLL>' THEN 121
- 351 POKE 82,2'
361 FOA 1 =1 TO
318
28 , 1:1 "
? "YOU
T=RT : GOSUB FPAY
635 If LT:SB AMD ",: 01 .ND (AT:OB OR A
T=S 8) THEM F=lT:S =HT:T =RT : 'OSUB FpAY
636 If LT ()C H AIIID LT( >185 AIIIO LT(>DB A
MD LT(>S8 THEI If IT=MT AMD (RT:DB OR
HA TO au RT =SB) THEM 648
Y MORE": 1 637 IF LT:S B AND ("T=58 OR ",=D8) 4ND
388 ? "PRE "WISH TO RT : DI THEIII F=LT:S=NT:T=AT:G05UI FPAY
QUIT" 638 'OTO 642
1'8 If PEEK(S127"(>6 ~.D PEEk(S127')( 648 F:L T:5:NT : T:AT:GOSUB FPAY
)5 THEM H8 6~2 IF 8ET:2 THEI 681
.aa IF PEEK(S321')=6 THEN POKE 82 , 7:'0 643 IF La=DB Alii. MB =S8 AIIID (AB=OB OR R
TO 11 8 =5 8) THEN F=LB:5=M8:T=R8:GOSUB FPAY
428 POSITION 21,18:? "THANK YOU":? "FO 644 IF (L8 =CH AN. M8(>CH) OR (L8 =C H AM
R PLAYIIG, BETTER":? "LUCI( NEXT TIItE": o M8:CH) THE" 652
E•• 645 If L8:D8 410 CM8=08 OR ~=58) AND
5aa POSITION 28,28:? "5 LIlliE PLlIY"; A8 =S B THEIII f=LB:S:H8:T=R8:GOSU8 FPAY
PAGE 132 THE A. N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DIUM VOL . 1
v

646 IF L8 =MB AID A8=MB THEI 652 2115 POKE 7S6.PEEK(116)+1:5ETCOLOR 1.'
647 IF lB=S8 AID MB =DB AID (AB=D8 OR R .I:SETCOLOR 2 I 15
8=SB) THEI f =LB:S=MB : T=RB:IiOSU8 FPAY
648 IF LB()CH A"D LB()1.5 AIID LB()D8 A m~ m:~ ::nJhm.t.mH"
"0 LB()SB THE I IF LB =MB AND (AB=DB OR
AB =SB) THEI 652
64' IF lB=SB aID CMB =DB OR MB=SB) aID
PAYS 5"
ZIU PAUT . . .. t-'
2816 PAla, H"
~
"
~
" ~n " Cd cd cd
RB =DB THEil F = LB:S = MB:l=AB:~OSUB FPAY
658 'OTO 654
652 F=lB : S=MB : T=RB:'OSUB FPAY
PAYS II"
ZI28 PRIIT ••••
2125 PAIIT
t"'. •• ••
".1 ··n r
654 IF BfT=3 THEil 681 PAYS 14"
655 IF IT=DB AID MM=SB ARD (AB=DB OA R
8=SB) THEI F=LT:S=MM:T=A8 : ,OSUB FPAY
till PAUT :: U·'
2135 PRIIT H'"
•• •• a~1" gh gh gh
656 IF (LT=CH AIID MH:CHJ OR (LT=CH AID PAYS 18"
MM()CH) THEI 664
657 IF LT =DB aID (MM=DB OR MM=SBJ AID
AB=S8 THEN F = lT:S = HM : T = RB:~OSUB FPAY
~::; :
::~:~ ~r"H~"H""H"
PAYS ZI"
. nI" •••
658 IF IT =HM AID AB=MM 'HEI 66' 2146 PAIl' "111111111111111"
65' IF LT=S8 AID MM:D8 AID CAB=D8 OR A 2148 PRIIT .. hhf"f,-t"f,of ~ KlX BARS
S=SBJ THEN F=LT:S =MM:T =AB:IiOSUB FPay PAYS 21"
:: ~I~~mm~~ '" --- ---
661 IF IT()CH AID LT()115 AID IT()OB A 2158 PRlin
10 LT()SB THE I IF IT=MM AIID (AB=D8 OA 2155 PRINT
A8=SB) THEI 664 PAYS 51"
661 IF LT=S8 AID (""=DB OA MM=SB) AID
AB=DB THEil f = LT:S = "":T = AB:~OSUB FPAY
662 'OTO 665
~:~; ::~:~ :: ~I! ...FFti. ~~ r' ij ij i j

~nnn~! ~~~lYNliWl~~~
664 F=LT:S =MM:T=RB:IiOSUB FPAY
665 IF BET =4 THEN 688
666 IF LB=I.5 AID MM=LB AID AT=HM THEI
WIM=WlI+2118:'OSUB 2681
667 IF LB=DB AID MM:SB AID (AT=DB OA A
T=5B) THEN F = lB:S=NM:T=AT:~OSU8 FPAY 21'8
"Httttttttt~~~·;
2••• PAnT
RETUR.
668 IF ClB=CH A"D ""(}CH) OR ClB =CH AI
o NM=CHJ THEN 676
66' IF LB=D8 AID (""=DB OR MM=S8) AID
RT=SB THEI F = lB : S = "" : T = AT:~OSUB FPAY
2118
2118
2128
2138
POKE 752.1:FoA 1=1' TO 23
PoSITIo. 21.1
PAIIT ..
.EXT I •
... -
67. IF lB(}1.5 AID LB=HM AID AT="" THE 2U8 RETURK
• 676 2218 FOR 1 =1 TO 5
2218 POSITIo. 28.16:PRIIT Pl O'r' J T05
*UI:I.1"';
2Z21 FOR DELAY =l TO 11:IENT DELAY
2231 PoSITIOI 28.16: PAIIT "PLAY 1 TO 5
COI.S"·
2241 F06 DELAY=1 TO 11:.EKT DELAY
2258 IEXT I
2268 AETURK
FPAY 23e8 POKE 75 2 .1:P051TIo. 17.7
IOI.L"W1:.:POSITIOI 2'. 2310 FOR 1 =1 TO 5
2328 PAIIIT " , ..... " ,
THEI DUA=2: liDS 2325 FOR DELAY =I r6 28:IEXT DELAY
2338 IEXT I
2340 FDA 1=1 TO 5
2351 PAIIT '1 t ..... ";
2355 FOR DELAY=I TO 28:IIEKT DELAY
2368 IIENT I
Wl. ( 21Ie THEI DUR=I_ 2378 WIM=8: POSIT lOR 34.23:? WII;" ";
l~j~~;~i!i~;:~:i.~:.:;:?
23'8 AETURK
'''''';: POSITIOI 4.6:? 2488 IF LK=CH AID NM()CH THEil WIN=BET*
, ": 4,11: 1 "~";:POSITIOII 4. 2
12: ? 2418 IF lM=CH AID ""=CH THEI WII=8ET*5
7'5 2C.21:PAIIT BET; 2428 IF LK=" AID NM=L" AID AK=NM THEN
718 THEI 51. WIN =8ET*18
721 'OTO lSI 2425 IF LK=" AND ~" AID CAM=D8 DR
11.1 RE" WIlIER SOUND AM=S8) THEil Nl. =WII*11
1'18 FDA 1=1 TO OUR 2438 IF LK=111 AID MMeLM AID AM=HM THE
1.15 FDA 5=41 TO 'I STEP 5 • WI. =SET*14
1.28 SOUID 8.5 . 18.18 2435 IF lM=111 AID MMel11 aID (AMeDS 0
1125 IEXT S R AM=SB) THEil WII =BET*14
1138 FOR 5='1 TO 41 STEP - 5 2448 IF lK=113 AID ~l" aID AK=HM THE
1.35 SOUIO 1 . 5 , 18.18 II WII=8ET*18
1848 IEXT S 2445 IF lM=113 AID ~113 AID (AK=DB 0
1158 NEXT I R AK=SB) THEI WII=BET*18
1155 SOUID ••• • 8 •• : RETUA. 2458 IF lK=DB AID HM:lM AID RK=HM THEI
13 •• P5=2 WII =BET*51
1318 FOR 1=1 TO 8 2452 IF lM=S8 AID MM=lM AID AH:HM THE.
1328 POSI1IOI 14.PS :? A5CCPAY$(J,IJ)*B WIN=BET*21
ET;" "; 2453 IF LH:DB AID ""=SN aID CR~DB OR
tItS PS=PS+2 AMeS8) THE. MI. =BET*Z8
1338 IIEKT I 2454 IF lM=DB AID CMMeDB OR MM=S8) AID v
1148 IF BfT(5 THEI POSITIOI 34.J8:7 AS RM=SB THE. WI. =BET*28
C(PAYS". " )*BET ;" ";: AETUAI 2455 IF LK=SB AIID MM=DB AIID (RMeDB OR
1358 IF BET =5 THEM POSITIO. 34.18:? AS RMeSB) THEI WII=BET*28
CCPAY$('.')).I.: 2456 IF LMeSB AIID (MMeDB OR ~SB) AID
J368 AETUAI AM=D8 THE. WII=BET*28
2 ••• POKE 7S2.li1 CHA$ll2S':PO'ITIO. 2 2468 IF LH:115 ARO MM=lM AID AM:HM AID
!.Z:PAI.T ""HrforrHHH" ab P 8ET(5 THEI WII =BET*288
AYS 2" 2478 If LM:185 AID HM:LM AND RM=MM AID
BET =5 THEI NII =BET*ZI8. : IiOSUB 2610
 VOL . 1 THE A.N .A .L.O. G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 133

- 2~88 POSIT 10M 3~.23:PAIn KIM;" "; :8A"

KROLl=BAMKROLL+WII
~'53 If
S8 THE"
f=DB
N=21
2~'1 POSITIOM 2'.22:PAIMT 8AMKROll;" " "IS" IF F=SB AIilO S=OB AKD (T=08 OR T=S
B) THE" 11=7.
2"5 RETUAIII 4855 If f=SB AID 'S =D8 OR S=S8) AID T=
261. fOR 1=8 TO 2.1 STEP 5 D8 THE. 11=20
2685 SOUIO '.1,1,15 4858 If f=SB AID S=f AMD T=S THEN H=2e
2618 IIIEXT I 4861 If f=18S A"O S=F AMD T=S THEI W=2
2615 fOR 1=1 TO 5 II
2628 fOR S="I TO '8 STEP 2 ~865 WXIif=WIM.W:POSITIOIil 3".23:PRIIT NI
2625
2638
SOUID .,S.18,18
IEXT S ••
"i81 RETUAI
26~8 fOR S=,. TO ~8 STEP -2 18818 U=8:FOR 1=8 TO 28. STEP 25
26"5 SQUID 8,S,18,18 11.15 SOUMD 1.1.8.15
2658 MEXT S:NEXT I 18186 SOU"D 1,1.2.15:SDUIilD 2,I.~,15
2655 FDA 1=1 TO 21 18.18 .. EXT I
2668 fOR 1=1 TO 28. STEP 5 11'15 SOUMD •••• 8 •• :S0U .. D 1.8,.,8:S0U"
2665
2678
SOUID • I I 15
IEXT 1:50UM6 1,8,8,1
o 2,.,8,8
188,. STOP
2672 fOR 1=1 TO II 21.81 fDA 1=1 TO 5
7.71 FOR DE<OY=l TO "'''XT DELAY 2 •• 85 fOA S=8 TO 288 STEP 5
2674. POSITIOIII 28,28: '! ·"0n:UI:MIf:1I3:.t1l1ll 21818 SOUND 0,S,8.15
'~~5
2676
fDA DELAY=1 TO 21:MEXT DELAY
fDA DELAY=1 TO 28:MEMT DELAY
28115 NEXT S
28821 fOR S=2.8 TO 8 STEP -5
2.825 SOU .. D 8 ,S,8,15
..
2678 POSITIOIII 21.21:'! ..
2&88 .. EXT I
28111 .. EXT S
28135 NEXT I

2"1
...
2685 POSIlIOI 28,21: PRIMT ..
RETURN
281~' SOU .. D ••••• ,8
2'."5 STOP
32808 POKE 1'6.PEEK(186)-S:~AAPHICS 2:
START=(PEEK(106)tl1*256:POKE 756.STAAT
2818 FOR 1 =1 TO 211 STEP 25 12 56: POkE 752 1
2818 SOUIO 1,1,6 , 8 3280501" XfA!(38):RESTOAE 32816:fOA X
2828 .. EXT I =1 TO 38:AEAO III:XFA$(X , X)=CHA$' .. ):IIIEXT
~;~: ~g~~~I~(:'~(:i~~~~~lf L)5' THEI X
32818 '! U6 ; "
l=L-61 32811 '! U6 ;"
2". M=~16.I"T(RID(I)*')*2:JF ")5' TH 32812 '! U6;"
EI "="-'8 32813 '! U6;"
2'78 R:R.22+IMT(RIO(8)*61*2 : If R)5' TH 3211~ '! m '"
EI R=R - 68 32815 ? "8Y "ICHAEL A. lUllS"
31'0 POkE 77,8:fOR X=1 TO 15 32816 DATA 10~,16'.' 133,283 133 285,1
3818 POSITIOIII 11,II:PRI"T R$(R,A.1):R= 6'.22",133,2'6,165,166,2",11~,1.133.z8
R+2 : lf A)5' THE .. R=1 ~.168,8.177 ,2 85 . 1"5L283.288
1828 POSITION 1I,8:PAIMT ASCA,A.l):A=A 32817 DATA 288.2"'.~38.28~.238,286,165
+2:IF R)5' THEIII A=1
1'18 POSITION 1I,6:PAIMT R$(R,R.l)
38"8 R=A-2 :IF A(1 THEM R=At68
3~:~,2~~U~~~&~:~H~~Is?~AESTOAE 32118
32831 AEAD X:IF X=-1 THEI RESTOAE :AET
3'~5 If X=11 THEI GOSua 2881 U.O
3858 If X)11 THEM 3111 321'" fOR Y=& TO 7:AEAO l:POKE XtY.STA
1168 POSITIOIII 8,II:PRIMT "$(",~I):M=" AT,Z : IEXT Y:GOTO 32838
+2:If ")5' THEIII M:l 32108 DATA 528,178,178.178.170,178,178
3178 POSITIOIII 8,8:PAIIT M$(" , ".l):"=~ ,1 78 ,17 8
2:lf ")5' THE .. " =1 32181 DATA 528,178,85,170,85.178,85.17
1881 POSITIOI 8 , 6:PAIMT "S'" , "tJ) 8,85
3188 "=M-2:IF "(I THEM M="+68 32102 DATA 536.178,8.178,1,178,0,170.'
3185 If X=6 THE .. ,osua 2888 32183 DATA 5"",168.168.160,168,18.18,1
3118 If X)5 THE .. 3168 8.18
3128 POSITIOIII 5,II:PRIMT l$(l,Ltl):l=l 3210~ DATA 552,88 . 8'L88.8I,5L5,5L5
t2:If L)5' THEM l=l 32185 DATA 568,128,lz8 , 168,lbO , lb8,168
1118 POSITIOI 5,8:PRI"T L$(l ,ltl) :l=l. ,17.,178
2:IF L)S' THE .. L=l 32116 DATA 568.2.2,18,18,~2,~2,178,178
31~0 POSITIOI 5,6:PA1.T lS(L,ltl) 32187 DATA 58",23~,18",~6.13,,~6,186,2
3158 L=l-2:IF l(1 THEIII L=Lt68 2~,171
3168 .. EXT X 32188 DATA 610.16 7,2 8 ,11 ~ , 288 ,1 1~ ,15 6 ,
3165 GOsua 28 81 3',178
3178 L=l-2:1f L(1 THE .. L=L.6.:M=M-2:IF 3218' DATA 618,178,8,178,255,255 , 178,.
"(1 THEI M=I+68:A=R-2:lf A(1 THEI A=R ,17 8
•••
3J88 AETUAI
~188 If CHA$(f) = "~" A.. O CHASes) () .. ~ .. T
32111 DATA 616,1.171,7,175,31 , 1'1,127 ,
755
32111 DATA 62~,255,127.1'1,15',175,167
HEM N=2 ,171,16'
~118 If f=CH AID S=CH THEM W=5 32112 DATA 776,2,82 82,81,1 81 81 81
4.828 IF F=" A"O S=" AID T=" THEM N= 32113 DATA 78~,17.,168 , 128.'~,' •• '.,1,
18 8
~825 If f =', AID S=" AID (T=08 OR T=S 32tH DATA 7'2,I,5.S,21,21,5,5 Ll
0) THEI N:l. 32115 DATA 818,64,88,8',8" , 8",al.81,6"
~838 IF F=181 AID S=111 A.. D T=181 THE. 32116 DATA 818,2 II 18.4.2 42 18 11 ,2
11=14 32111 DATA 816,128,160,166,1&.,168 , 1"
4..35 If f =111 AND S=111 A.. O (T =08 OR T ,160,128
=51l THE .. N=1" 32118 DATA 82",1,2,1 , 2,5,18,21,3
"."8 If f=I'3 AMD S=183 AID T=1 13 THE .. 3211' DATA 832,8,128,6",128,6~,161,8',
11=18 171
~8"5 If F=181 A"O S =1 83 AID (T=OB OR T 32128 DATA
=58) THEM N:J8 32121 DATA
~8S8 If f =DB AaO S=f A.. O T=S THEM Me21 12122 DATA
4.852 IF F=D8 AID S=SB AID (T =08 OR T=S
B) THEM N=28
•
 ~

PAGE 134 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1

'-'
~

'-'
~

• ~

'"
~

v
~

v
~

'-
 VOL. 1 THE A. N .A. L.O. G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 135

HALLS OF
THE LEPRECHAUN KING
16 K Casse tte l4 K Disk
by Keith Evans and Ted Adkinson

Alas! The leprechaun King: has awakened from

his long slumber. and he has taken all of the world's Th e program .
gold. Evc r ~' nation is bankrupt. The world's only
chance is Smiley, the famous golt! miner. With his Lines 1~10 - Variable initialization, tide
dexterity and wit, Smiley just might be able to r ecap~ Lines 120~3 72 - Character set redefinition
turc all of the gold, p ick lip the magic key, and put Lines 395-507 - Ma~e d rawing, placing of
the gold in a sanc[Uary. But unless he's careful, the the gold
Leprecha u n Ki ng will give him the Midas to uch, Lines 51O~624 - Joystick reading, move-
turniol! him into a Z4 -carnt gold tombstone. ment of Smiley
\'(fhen the game begins. take some time to notice Lin es 630·999 - The Le prechaun's logic
where everything is positioned. Smiley is in the Lin es 1000~1120 - Ma:e and characcer set
upper middle of the sc reen, .mti the Leprechaun King d:Ha
is III the upper right hand corner. Throughout the Lines L150·1154 - Lives left indicator
maze there arc potS of gold. To colll'ct one, just touch Lin es 1500 ·1 5 10 - "Midas Touch" sound
it. If you look in the lower right corner, you will see cffects
the magic key surrounded by walls. Collect about Lines 2 000~2020 - COlmts bags of gold
half of the gold, and the key will move to the center taken, places key in the maze if enough has been
of the maze. wken
Afte r Smiley gets the ke y and all of the gold, he Line 2500 - Draws tombsto ne, checks men
goes to the sa nctuary chamber at the far lowe r right left
corner, di rectly to the left of the cross. Push the trig~ Lin es 25 10-2570 - Erases Smiley's t rai l
ger butfon, and a sec tion of thc wall will disappear. Line 2575 - Starts game over when all men
nli s is the entrance to the sanct uary where Smiley arc used up
has to Store the gold. Deposit gold by simply touch~ Lines 2610-2700 - Pms the gold Smiley
ing the cross. \Vas ca rr ying in a tombstone when he is killed
Another important part of this ~ame is the gold lines 3000-3050 - Subrouti ne to flash
tombstones. When Sm iley loses a life, a tombstone maze
appears as a resting place for all of the gold he was Lines 4000~4350 - ACfUally moves Lepre ~
ca rr ying. A new Smiley has to touch t he tombstone chaun.
to collect the gold tha t the old Smiley was ca rrying. Line 5000 - Plays "Oh, whe n the saints ... ,"
You Sta rt with three lives. The game is over when clears sc reen
you usc th em all up. To see how many lives yo u have Lines 6000-6007 - Displays score at end
left, look in the upper right or left hand corner of the of game
screen where vertical ba rs indicate li ves remaining Lin e 6010 - Clea rs scn'en
(including the one currently in use). Lines 7000~8030 - Data for "Oh. when

- An expe rt player m ight get to the thi rd maze and

find it is total ly di fferent . Two clues abo ut this maze:
the key appears in the lower mid dl e o f the sc reen,
the saints .. . "
Lines 9OOO ~9 I30 - Subroutine co p lay
"Oh , when che saints ... "
and the section of disappeari ng wall lies directly Lines 9150~9260 - Pl ays "Good night ,
below the cross. 0 lad ies , . . "
PAGE 136 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1

Lin es 9270·9290 - Data for "Good night. 61, If 1=1 THEM 'OSUII 1518:'OTO 2588
6'5 If 1=37 'HEN KEY =I:lIZ='I:fOA lZ=6
ladies ... " 8 TO 48 STEP -1:50UNO 8 LII LI8,8:S0UND
Lin e 9300 - Sound effects of gold bei ng I t lZI,II,8:lIZ =ZlZ - 1:NEKl ,Z
686 SOUND 8,8,8,8:50UND 1,8,8,'
cashed in 615 If J<)15 THEN COLOR 32:PlOT Kl,Yl
Lines 10000· ) 0020 - Color rotation suh. 628 COLOR 36:PLOT X,Y
622 If K=500 AND V=5001 AND KEY=I AID
r outine STRI'(8)=8 THEN COLOA 32:PLOT SD,SOI
623 If X=SC AND V=SCI THEN PGOLD=PGOLO
+~OLO:COLOA 3':PLOT SC,5Cl:K=AX:Kl=K:Y
=AY:Yl:Y:GOLO=8:COSUB '31'
624 If 8AG5<=.8 AID 1=3, 'HEN 588.
638 MM=tMJt-1
64' If MM=1 THEI 518
658 LOCATE MH - l,MY,Ol
668 LOCATE MX,MY - l~02
1 elR :X =18:Y=1:HX=17:MY=2 : Ml=18:Yl=1 670 LOCATE HK+1,HY,D3
5 GRAPHICS 2+16:1 116:" ":? 116;" "
6 ? a;" THE tt6LlS Of THE":? 116;" l :~: \~C=l~MHKMA~+~~~~ THEN 751
[PRECHtl. KIll''':? 1J6; I I . . 788 If K=MX AND "V)Y THEI fO=2:fOl=1
7 ? 116;"
6 ? U6;"
, ? 116;"
116;"
?!fJJ;" "
crea1:@d":? 116;" "

,
" ":? 116;" ":1
718 IF K=MM AND MY<Y THEM fO=4:fOl=8
728 If Y=MY AID MK)X THE I f~ = l:rui = i
131 IF V=MY AND MK(X THEN fD=3:F01:a
748 GOTO 7,.
18 FOR Z"'=l U •• ':MEKT ZZ 758 If MK<X THEN fD=l
Z 169 If HK>K THEM fO =l
128 POKE 186,PE[I((186) - 2 77' IF MY<Y THEI FOl=4
138 GRAPHICS 1+16 7a8 IF ~)V THEN fOI =2
158 A: PEEKeJ861*256 7n AE"
1'8 SET=PEEK(186J 7'5 If FOl<>8 THEN '88
28. POKE 156,5El a •• If fO=4 AND 04< )3 5 T"EN AO=4:'OTO
228 fDA C=8 TO 7 1158
218 PDICE tII+C, 8 a18 IF fO=3 AID D3()35 THEN AO=3:'OTO J
148 NEMT C 1158
258 fOR C=8 TO 63 82. If fD=2 AID D2<)15 THEI RO=2:'OTO
268 READ CHAR 1158
278 POKE A+C,CHAA 838 If FO=1 AND 01<>35 THEN RO=1:'OTO
288 NEMT C 1158
3 " fDA C=64 TO 7J:POKE 84. AD=IIT(R.0(8'*4)+1
378 fDA C=72 TO ":POI(E 858 If RD =l AND Dl=35 THEI B48
371 fOR C=88 TO 87:POI(E 868 If RD=2 AND 02 =35 THEN B41
372 fDA C=88 TO '5:RE40 878 IF RO =3 AID D3 =3S THEN 848
CHAR :lIEKT C 888 If RD=4 AND D4=35 THEN a48
3'5 If TIM} =J AND TI"(3 THEN RESTORE 1 an (iOTO 1158 v
•••
". If TI"}=3 THE. RESTORE 7888
' I I NAY5=O:If fO=l AMD 01<)~5 THEN WAY
5=WAYS+l:Nl=1
"7 TIM=TItttl '.2 If fO=2 AID 02<)35 THE. MAY5=MAYSf
".
...
•••
u.
R.
NN=2 : If TIN:! OR TIMe5 THE. MM=1
READ GAl,CR2,GA3,eR4
If 'Rl =- l THEM GOTO 44.
COLOR 3S:PLOT CRl,GA2 : DAAMTO 'Al,e
ue GO TO 4.9
.u8 REAO 1:01. (;2
I: WZ =1
'14 If fD =3 AND 03<)35 THE I NAY5 =MAYS+
1: Ml =1
'16 If FO=4 AND 04( )35 THEI NAY~=NAYS+
1 :N4 =1
'08 If FDl =l AND 01<)35 THE. NAY5=MAYS
+1: Nl1 =1
458 If 61: - 1 THEli 588 '18 If FDl =2 AND 02<)35 THEM NAY5=MAYS
469 COLOR 131:PLOT ~1,G2 +1:N22=1
411 GOTO 44. '12 If fDJ =3 AID 03<)35 THEN MAY5=NAY5
511 IF TI"<4 THEN COLOR l5:PLOT 3,2:PL +1: M33 =1
OT 7,3:PLOT 6,3:PLOT l,16:COLOA 12:PLO '14 If fDl=4 AID 04< >35 THEN NAYS:NAYS
T 12,14 +1: N44=1
512 BAe S=8 :DBAeS=8:COLD =.:KEY=I:If TI" '16 If NAY5 =2 THEN 4880
<4 THEN COLOR J7:PLOT IB,22 '18 IF Nl=! THE I RD =l
5.3 If TI"<4 THEM RESTORE 1128 '21 If M2:1 IHE. AO =2
584 If TIM}=4 THEI RESTORE 78'I:LOCATf '22 If NJ =l THEM RD:3
18,11,12 :lf Z2 =32 THEN COLOR J7:PLor '24 If M4=1 THEM AD =4
11,11 '25 GOTO 4878
586 K=18:Y=1 : REGD AMX:READ AMY:MX = A~: '26 GOTO 1158
MY =RHY:Kl=19:Yl =1 ,,, GOTO 518
587 READ ~DO,SDOl,SD,SDl,~C,SCl,K,E,AK I I •• DATA 178,84,124,178,14&,254,48,18
AY,III 8
~18 Kl =X:Yl=Y 1818 DATA 126,68,66,223,28',21',66,68
515 POKE 711 , 251 1828 DATA 178,85,178,85,178,85,178,85
516 POkE 77,0 1830 DATA 61,126,21',255,18',1'5,126,6
528 IF STICK(8)=15 THEN GO TO 5118
538 J=STlCk (I)
548 IF J=11 THEN K=K- l
•1835 DATA 8,8,7,253,85,87,8,0
1831 DATA 2a,54,11'~6S,II',11,,11,,127
558 If J=7 THEN X=K+l 1838 DATA 24,24,126,126,24,24,24,24
561 IF J=14 THEN Y=V- l Ill' DATA 31,15,6',24',137,138,14',248
57. If J=lJ THEM Y=Y+l 1840 DATA 13,13,14,13,2,14,4 . 14.5.15.4
5a8 LOCATE x,Y,I:If 1=35 THEN X=Kl:V=V , IS,SL 16 • 8 ,16,15,15,16,15,13,16,14,16,
1 2,18,~,18,7,18,',18,15,18,17,18
5'8 If 1=138 THEM GOSU8 288. 1141 DATA 1,8,18,8
5'5 IF 1=38 THEN GOlD =GOLD+DGOLD:BAGS= 1850 DATA 2,1',3,1',7,1',',1',11,1',13
DBAeS:FOA Z2 =-38 TO 38:S0UNO ',ABS(ZZ) , 1',5,28,1,28,16,20,18,20,2,21,3,21,5,
,18,a:MEXT ZZ:SOUIO 8,8,8,8 21,7,21,',21,14,21,2 .22 ,3,22
VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 137

1868 DATA 1~J.l.S,18,1.18,7,'.l.,,4.16 .. 138 IF AD=2 THEM MY="V-l

,6,16,8,18,12.18,16,16,14,16,17,16,28, .. 148 IF RD=3 THEN NX=HX.l
16,22,13,18,13.11.13,17,13.18 .. 158 If AO=4 THEM MY=HV+l
1878 DATA ',',',18,8.13,8.14,3,16,3.17 .. 155 LOCATE O~.O~.ZZ:IF ZZ=36 OR lZ=
,.,0,8,23,.,23,1',23,1',23,1',',3,1,'. 3' THEN 4162
lLl1,lt16,l,11;2L16,2,11L'L16,4 4160 COLOR D:PLOT ONX.OMY
1.80 DDTA 4,6, .b.3.J.5.~.b.4.7.4.J,5, 4162 D:32
4,5,11,5,12,5,14,6,16,6,11,7,12,7,2,8, .. 165 LOCATE NX.~.D:IF 0=36 THEN '05UB
6,8,8,8,',8,11,8,14,8.5,',6,' 1588:GOTO 2588
18'0 DATA 11",13"L16,',17,',l,18,I,l .. 178 COLOR l:PLOT NX.HV
8,6,18,7,18,15.18,1,,18,6,11,7.11,',11 .. 175 OKK=tOC:OHY=MY
,11,11,2,12,3,12,17,12,18,12,5,13,6,13 .. 188 FO=.:FOl=8:AD=8:Dl=.:D2 =8:D3=8:D ..
18,S DATA 18,13,16,17,11,13,11,17,-1,8 =.:WAYS=8:RD=8
,.,8 "1'0 M1=.:N2=8:M3=8:M4=8:W11=8:W22=8:M
1188 DATA 4,2,5,5,13,7,4,',8,',12,18,1 33=8:M4 .. =8
8,11,15,12,3,13,',13,5,14,13,14,12,15, 4288 GOTO 518
4,16,15,17,6,18,4,21,12,22,15,28 .. 388 AD=INT(RNO(O, ... ).1
1118 DATA 2 6 -1 • ..318 If AD=1 AID D1=35 THEN 4388
1129 DATA 1~.~.lS.22.16.22.18,22.'.12, .. 328 IF RD=2 AID 02=35 THEW 43.8
11,22.-1' .. 338 IF AD=3 AID 03=35 THEI 43.8
1159 IF LI=. THE. COLOR 8:PLOT l'.':PL .. 3 .. 0 IF RD=4 AND 0 .. =35 THEN 43 ••
OT 0.'
1151 IF LI=-l THE. COLOR ':PLOT l'.8:P
4358 toO TO 4128
5888 '05U8 3088:&05U8 '880:G05U8 6888:
LOT 8,8 TI"=TI".I:GOTO 3'5
1152 IF LI=-2 THE. COLOR l':PLOT 1'.8: 6888 COLOR 32:C1=8:C2=8:If LI{)-3 THEN
PLOT.. 'GOTO
. ' 4118 GOTO 6885
115 6881 IF LI= - 3 THEN GOSU8 756
1588 COU.T=88,:FOR ZZ=28 TO 8 STEP -1: .22": P05ITION 8,5: '1 U6;" "; P
SOUND .,COUNT.18.ZZ:50UWD I.COUMT.CZZ* GOLD
" ' . l•• ZZ:COUIT=COUIT-l.:NEXT ZZ 6882 P05ITIOI ".18: '1 U6; ·'push trigg@r"
151. 50UNO ••••••• :50U.D 1 ••• 8 •• :RETUR :If LI=-3 THEN TIM:8
•
2 •• 0 BAGS =BAG5-1:GOLO=GOLO.INTCRKO(.'.
1."·1:08A&5=0IA&5-1
6883 SETCOLOR 1.12.1':IF 5TR~G(8)=' TH
EN 6885
688 .. fOR ZZ=l TO 5.:IEXl ZZ:5ETCOLOR 1
2.85 FOR ZZ=2' TO 8 STEP - 1:50UND ',2' L8.8:FOR ZZ=1 TO 58:MEKT ZZ:GOTO 6803
.18.ZZ:NEXT ZZ:50UIO ••••••• bl.5 RE5TOAE 18"0:IF LI=- 3 THEN P'OLD=
2010 IF DBA&S=-l. OR IA'5=-1. THEN COL
OR 37:PLOT K.E:COLOR 3':PLOT 5C.5Cl
2.28 RETUA.
•6887 COLOR 32:'05UB 681':POKE 756.5ET:
RETURN
2588 COLOR 38:PLDT X.Y:REH :LI=LI-l:IF 6810 fOR Cl=8 TO 23:PLOT 8.Cl:DRAMTO 1
LI= - 3 THE. G05U8 '151:&05U8 6110:GOTO '.Cl:NEXT Cl:RETURM
2578 7808 DATA 8,8.1','.1'.8.1'.23.1'.23.'.
2518 LOCATE X,V,ZZ:IF ZZ=36 THEN COLOR 23.0.23,'.0,3.3.5.3,5.2.5,2.'.1.11.1.1
32:PLOT X.Y ".3.16.3,1".2.1".2
2528 LOCATE X.l.V.lZ:IF ZZ=36 THEN COL 7818 DATA '." 11 6 ',6 11 .. 16 5,1",5
OR 32:PLOT X.l.Y 1".6.1".6,'.16.11,18.11,16.11.12.11.1~
2530 LOCATE X- l.Y.ZZ:IF ZZ=]6 THEK COL .',12.',12.'.18.3.5.5.5.5.6.5.6
OR 32:PLOT X- l.Y 7828 DAlA 1.'.3.18.5.'.5.18.1",'.1".18
25"0 LOCATE XL Y-l.ZZ:IF ZZ=36 THEN COL .16.'.16.18.3.12.3.13,5.12.5.13.14.12 .
OR 32:PLOT X.y-J 14.13.16.12.16.13
2558 LOCATE X.Y.l,ZZ:IF ZZ=J6 THEa COL 7838 DATA 18 15 18.17.'.16.11.16.3 17
OR J2:PLOT X.Y.l 5.17.1".17 . 1',l~.1.1'.5.1'.14.1'.I'.1~
2555 LI=L I-l:IF LI= - 3 THEM G05UB 'lSI: .8.28,',28
'05UB 6.80:GOTO 2578 78 .. 8 DATA 11.2'.12.2',8.22.'.22.11.22.
2569 COLOR 38:PlOT K.Y 12.22.2.22,2.23,17.22.17.23,12.21.12.2
2578 X=18:Y=I:Xl=X:Yl=V:MK=17:MV=2:0MK
=toe : OtfV=KY
2572 0=32
1.8,21.8,21.3,1,.3,28
7850 DATA 3.16.3,17,16.16.16.17.16 L
16.28.2.18.3,1'.6.18,5.18.2,12.1.12,6.
l'.
2575 IF LI=- 3 THEN LI=8:GOTO 3'5 12.5.12,13.18.14.18
2618 FOR FI=O TO 588:NEXl fW 7868 DATA 16.18,17.18.13.12,1".12.17.1
2617 DGOLD=GOLD:GOLD=I:X=I.:Y=i:Xl=ll: 2.17.12.-1.-1
Vi=J 7878 DATA ... 2.15.2 .... 6.15.6.18 .... 1 •• 6.
2629 toe=RtDI:HY=RMY '.5.11.5 .... '.15.'.2.11.4,11.6.11.13.11
2638 0=12 .15,11,17.11.4.13,15.13
2788 GOTO 503 7888 DATA '.15.11.15.'.17.11.17 .... 16.1
3880 FOR COUNT=8 TO 5 5.16.4.28.15.28.'.21.11.21 .... 2. - 1
3818 5ETCOLOR 8.8.8 78'8 DATA 18,21.18.13.18.12.18.11.18.2
3815 fOR ZZ=1 TO 50:NEKT ZZ 2.10.12. - 28
3020 SETCOLOR 8,2.8 8888 DATA 121.6,'6,6.'1.6.81.1.,.8 , 121
3825 FOR ZZ=1 TO 50:NEXT ZZ .8.'6.8.'1.8.81,1
3118 NEXT coun 88J8 DATA I L8 '2' 8.'6.8.'1.8.81.2.'6.
30 .. 0 SETCOLOR 8.2.8 2.121.2.'6.z, i 18. i
3858 RETURN 8828 DATA '.8.'6.8.'6,8.188.8.121.2.12
.88e RM=INT(RNO(8'*2'+t 1,6,'6,2,81,",81,",'1,2
"810 IF RWl-l THEN 1118 8838 DATA '.8.'1.8.'6,8.'1.8.81,2.'6.2
.. 828 If ~=1 THEN RD=1 .188.4.188 .... 121.1.-1
"830 IF M2=1 THEN RD=2 '888 RESTORE 8888
.. 8 .. 8 IF M3=1 THEM RD=3 '818 READ PITCH
.. 858 IF W.=1 THEM RD= .. '828 IF PITCH= - 1 THEM '130
4868 GOTO 1158 '8"0 REAO DURATION:DURATION =INT(58/DUR
"878 If Ml1=1 THEN AD=1 All ON'
4188 If M22 =1 THEN AD=2 '858 SOUND 0.PITCH.lO.8
.. 8'8 If Wl3=1 THEN RO=3 '868 IF PITCH =8 THEN '888
41.8 IF W44=1 THEN RD=4 '.78 50UND 1.PITCH+l.1f.8
"118 IF RD=O THEM .. 388 '888 fOR ZZ=1 TO DURAlION:NEXT ZZ
4128 If AO=1 THEM ~=~-1 '1'0 50UND 8.8.8.'
PAGE 138 THE AN.A.l.O.G . COM PENDIUM VOL . 1

'III SOUIO 1,8,1,8 Quir ing much less memo ry. They are fai rl y easy to
'11' FOR ZZ=l TO 5 : NEKT ZZ
U2. GOTO ,.11 design. Each character can be one of four different
U31 RETURN colors. Step one is to design so me cha racters. Here's v
'lSI RESTORE '278
'168 READ DURATIOI : Yf DURATIOI= - l THEI Smiley as an example:
RETURN
'178 DURATIOM=INTCDURATIOW*ll)
'181 READ PITCH :I F PITCH=8 THEM '288
'1'8 PITCH=PITCH*3
'211 SOUN~ a,PITCH,ll,e
'218 SOUND I,PITCH+l,II ,8
'221 fOR ZZ=l TO DURATION:NEKT ZZ
'238 SOUND 8,1,1,8
'2.8 50UNO 1,8,8,8
'258 fOR ZZ=l TO 3:NEXT ZZ
'269 GOlO U68
'278 DATA 2,'7,2,61,1,81,3,68,2,.7.7,6
8,1,53.3,53,2,.7,2,68,1,'5,2,'5,1,'5
'288 DATA l L.7 l L .7,l L 53,1,53,3,68,1,8 Make an 8 by 8 grid, mark the blocks to be filled v
,1.5,.7, .5,~3, j •• ' , 1,:»3,1,'7,1,'7,2,'7 in, the n add lip the correspond ing numbe rs to de-
.1,53,1.53,2.53
'2" DATA 1 •• 7.1 •••• 2 •• 8,1.5 , .7 •. 5.53,
1.69.1.53.1.'7,1,",2,".1.53,1,53,1,.
termine its POKE value.
7 Ll,S3.3,68 L 1,', - 1 Followi ng is a program which defines a space and
's18 fOR ZZL=l TO 3:fOR ZZ=2. TO • 5TE a Smiley cha racter, and then prinrs out a pictu re of
P -l:~ OUIO 1,2',18,ZZ:NEXT lZ:SOUIO ' . Smiley o n the screen .
8,8.':NEXT ZZZ:AETURI
188.1 fOR Z=l TO 3
18818 A=PEEK(718)
18828 POKE 118,PEEK(711):POKE 711,PEEK 18 ~RAPHICS2+16:RE" STAAT OUT WITH A v
(11') : POKE 118 PEEK(71":POKE 71',4:ME ~RAPHICS STATEMENT
XT Z:fOR 8=1 Tut I8:NEKT B:AETUAN 28 POKE J'6,PEEKCI86) -2 :AEH SET ASIOE
2 PA'ES Of MEMORY FOR THE CHARACTER SE
• T
31 CHBA5E = PEEK'1'6)~25 6: REH THIS IS WH
ERE THE CHARACTER SET WILL BE POKED IN
TO HEttOAV
C HEC KSUM DATA '8 SET= PEEk(106):REH THIS IS WHERE THE
CHARACTERS WILL GO IN TERHS OF PA GES
(Sec pgs. 7-10) Of " EHORV
SO READ UALUE:.1F UALUE= - j THEN '5 :REH
1 DATA 1,783.82,66'.687,331.3'7,37.1" READ IN PART OF A CHARA CTER
,53',211, '26,288,786 738 6"1 60 POKE CHBA SE+C,UALUE:RE" PUT THE NUH
258 DATA 162.",383.7.2.113,712,721.6' BER IN ttEMORV
2,282,323,121,875,275,'55,6'7,7122 78 C=C tl :~O TO 5 8
'3' DATA 7'.,833.6'6.281,728, •• 5,337,5 75 REH DATA FOR SPACE
1,'2',826,'26,151,238,'5',36,7568 80 DATA 8.0,0 , 0,0,8 , 8,0
538 DATA '18,7',785,'3,'1.215,828,681, 85 REM OAT A FOR SMILEY
'8',731,'83,17,'73,483,857,8283
62. DATA 488,68',"3,82',812,831,81'.1 -,
'0 DATA 60,126,21'.255.18'.1'5,126,68,
'5 POKE 756, SET:REH TELL THE COMPUT ER
82,'18.'11.'17,'18.1'6.'2','2',113'3
778 DATA 167.17 8,113,'18,228,22.,228,2 WHERE THE NEW CHARACTER 5ET IS LOCQTED
16,'77 8.6 853,861 867.'83.668.8382 100 COLOR l:PLOT 5,5 :REM PUT S SMILEY 0
'82 DAtA 668,661.6~'.21,18.'8,58,'18.8 II SC REE . AT 5,5
18.887,811 815,'7','78,7'6,8'" 118 GOTO 110:REM EIIOLE SS LOOP FOR DI SP
111. DATA 226 L 165 L 21. L787.'7,68,163.81 LAV PURPO SES
,75'.1 37"1 8,~'8,.16 •• '7,'12,S'28
11'5 DATA .18,873,132.'16,.".611.85'. To determine the number fo r the COLOR st:lte ~
72',%51,11',657.327,.'1.783,J3',7,7,
2511 DATA 72'.23'.2'8,211,211."'.282, ment in line 100: fi rst. Smi ley is to be grecn. Color
783.213 871.731 L517,77 •• 218.'11,7318
38., DA t A 81' , 6,7,667,661,668,1'5,662, registcr number I normally contains green, so it is
78 8 8.2 '13 1,5 1. 15,71',7651 used. Sm iley has been defined in the p rogram above
.178 DAtA 766,715,~2'.726.'11.5".557.
551,55't311.7S3,21. , 818,251.772.'I'. as the second charac ter in the redefined set. (The
' I I ' DA A 625.'5,887,11'.617,611.615,6 space was the first.)
1',7JI,I."1.'85.3'8,561,836,'388 With these pieces of information I looked up the
61.S DATA l'5,'51,5'5.618 , 685.3'3.6'S,
'7·L·57t211L'·2,118L251L'7 •• 711, •• 2. number in a chart. like the following one:
812. DA A 5'6 •••• 1".11 •• 11.,"7.8'3 •• COLO R REGISTERO ~ 32.33 thwugh 95
11,3'2,6'8.221.21',581,7'3,'11,7'12
'158 .ATA %2&."5.13',&'5,55',1",3'2. CO LO R REGISTER I ~ O. I thwugh 124.
6,.,22J 225 L5'1.751.514 , 3'3 , 115.7611 ( 125*). 126. 127
'1" DA t A 8~2.JI',6'.626,1"7
COLO R REGISTER 2 ~ 160. 161 th w ugh 223
• COLO RREGISTER3 ~ 128. 129 thwugh
154, ( 155*). 10;6
For those interested, here are some of the through 255
1< 155 se lects the sa me thing as 32. 125 has no
tech niques used in this program. First is ·' redefined
character sc ts," wh ich when carefull y lai d out can effect.
simul ate a high resolutio n graphics sc ree n, bu t re- Smiley'S color is set by color register I, so look in
 VOl. 1 T H E A.N.A.l.O .G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 139

the second row. Since he is the second character, use

the 2nd number in the 2nd row, which is 1. As an ~
other example, if Sm iley were to be controlled by
color register 2, the correct number would be 16J.
Try 161 in the example p rogram above and see what
happens.
Before you get too carried awa y, remember that
the example program will not allow text co be di s~
played on the screen. To swi tch back to text only,
type POKE 756, 224.
Another sectio n of the H a lls of th e Leprec h a un
Ki n g which is interesting is its color rotation s u b~
ro utine (IOO OO~ 1 0020). Adding this to a p rogram's
title makes it very colorful. Here is how it works .
Memory locations 708~71 1 co ntain the numbers
which derc rm ine the colo rs whi ch will be d isplayed

- from each colo r register. The sub routine rotates the

colors from one register to another so that eve r y~
thing on the screen flashes through each color. Try it
in o nc of your programs. 0

Circle Radius Demo

I' XCEMTER =l I '/ 2:VCEITER=1'2/2

188 GRaPHICS 8
118 COLOR 1
128 ? "UTER RADIUS:"; : IIPUT RADIUS
118 LET AADIUS =RADIUS+l-l
U8 LET X=8
lSI LET V=AADIUS
168 LET DIAMETEA=3-2*AADIUS
178 If X(= V THEI ,osua 1 •• ' : lf DIA~TE
A(8 THEN DIAMETEA=DIAMETER+4*X+6 : X=X+!
:'OTO .1 71
1'1 If X)V THEN END
1'1 DIA~TEA=DIA~TEA+4*(H - V)+18
211 V=V-l
211 x=X+.1 : GOTO I I I
111' RE"
.1118 PLOT XCEITEA+X,VCEITER+V
1128 PLOT XCEMTER+Y,VCENTEA+X
.111' PLOT XCENTER+Y,YCEITEA - X
.114' PLOT XCENTER+X,YCEITEA-V
.1158 PLOT XCENTER - X,YCENTER- V
1168 PLOT XCENTER - Y,YCEITER - X
1878 PLOT XCEITER-V,YCEITEA+X
.1188 PLOT HCEMTER - M,YCEITER+Y
.11'8 RETURM

CH ECKSUM DATA
(Sec pgs. 7~ I O)

18 DATA 58,'88 , 474,751,651,4 36,523,77'

,171 , 588 , 245 , 356,584,275,'5 1 7888
182 8 DATA '5,188 , .182.185 , 185 , 182 ,.184.7
8 8, 1581
PAGE 140 THE A. N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOl. 1

STUNTMAN
16K Casse tte 24K Disk

by Steve n Pogatch

Your stunt man has been hired to climb to the top Lines 3000- 4 000 - Section 2 (flower
of every building he can find. This is not as easy as it pots)
may seem, though, because the tenants of the build~ Lin es 4 000-5000 - Section 3 (bird)
ings will do anything to get you off the building. Lines 5000-6000 - Section 4 (King Kong)
There are six (6) levels to each building, each pro- Lines 6000-LOOOO - Section 5 (gi rders)
gressing in difficulty. Lines LOOOO- L1000 - Bonus stunt man
In the first section, windows constantly close to Lin es lLOOO-32000-Goon to next build-
keep you from getting past them. Next, men stick ing (inte rmissio n )
their heads out of the windows, trying to get in your Lines 32000-325000 - Redefines charac-
way. After that, flower pots fall from the window ter set
ledges, closing all windows in their way. After pass- Lines 32500-32700 - Title
ing this section, a crazy bird drops girders on you. Be Lines 32700-32750 - End of game
careful here - they can be deadly if they hit you on
the head. Once you get past the bird, you have to
avoid King Kong, waiting for you on his part of the 1 'OSUS 32888 : CLR
bui lding. He is very angry and is throwing down any~ 2 GOSU8 32588:SH=6:8=1
5 GRAPHICS l:POKE 756,PEEK(186)+1
thing he can find on top of you. Last (but not easiest), 11 SETCOLOA 2,.8 , 8:POkE 710,~':POIE 711
girders (3 lanes wide) come crash ing down from the ,4S:fOA A=8 Tu l~:POSITION 5,A:? 116; " e
I!'l!'eel!'eeeeee":NEKT A
building. Look out! 28 fOR A=5 TO 16:f=RND(8)*~':If f}l TH
If you are lucky enough to get through all of this, EN POSITION A, f: ? a:6;"f":IIIEKT A
38 K=18:Y=18:0K=K:OV =V
there will be a brief intermission telling you to go on '8 POSITION OK,OV :? 116;"e" :POSITIOIII OK
to the next bu ilding. ,OY+.!: ? 116;"e"
'1 LOCATE K,.Y/sZ:If Z=182 OR Z=225 OR Z
On the top left corner of the screen are three =66 THEIII GO~U 1888
numbers. The first one represents the section, the U POSITION K, Y:? 116; "0"': POSITION K, V+
second represents the building number, and the third I :? 116 ' ''G:I''
43 If 5C=18888 OR SC=S8888 OR SC=18181
represents the number of men you have left. If you I THEN SH=S"+1:G05U8 18888
'4 If Y=8 THEN L=L+1:GOTO 5
manage to score 10.000, 30,000 or 50,000 points. '5 OK:K : OY=Y
you will be awarded a free stunt man. The score is .6 SOUIilD I,Y+21,3,15:fOR 6: 1 TO 15:NEK
T A:SOUND 8 8,8 8
displayed in the lower left hand corner. You can '7 G=RND(8)*':I~ G}3.7 THEW fOR A=S TO
move left. right and up with the joystick. For every 16:POSITIOIII A,RIIID(8]*18 :? 116 :"f" :IIIEXT
movement you make, you are rewarded 50 points. •
'8 0111 L GOSU8 2888,3888,'888,5888 ,688 8
:If L=6 THE III L=8:B=8+1:GOSUB 11888
You start out with 6 stunt men. Good luck climbing
., POSITION 8 Ll':? a:6;SC:POSITION 1,1:
- you'll need it. 0 ? a:6;L:POSITIu. 1,2:? a:6 ; 8 : POSITION 1,
3:? 1I6;SH
51 If STICI(8)=1' AND Y}8 THEN Y=Y-l:S
C=SC+58:GOTO '8
68 IF STICK(8]=11 AND K)5 THEN X=X-l :S
The program. C=SC+58:GOTO .8
78 IF STICK(I)=7 AND X(16 THE. K=K+1:S
Lines 1-30 - Initialization C=SC+58:GOTO '8
, Lines 40-1000 - Movement of a playe r, 188 (iOTO .2
1881 ~OU.D 0,41,6,18:FOR A=l TO 25 : NEX
activate obstacle(s) T A:SOUIilD 8,8,8,8:S0UND 1,8,8 , 8
Lines 1000-2000 - Death (fall) of stunt .1818 fOR 6 =Y TO 18:POSIT.lOI XI.A:? a:6 '"
(!f": POSITION X, A+ 1:? 116; '~' : PO~ITION X I
m,n A- l :? 116;"e":POSITION K,A: ? 116;"e"
Lines 2000 -3000 -Section I (windows & 1828 SOUIilO ',A+28,10,18:NEMT A:SOUIilO 8
,8,0,I:SH:SH- l
men) 1138 If 5"(8 OR SH=8 THE. GOTO 32711
VOL . 1 THE A,N.A.L.O ,G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 141

1848 GO TO 18 68.8 fOR A=2 TO 1, : POSITION TTT.A: ? U6

2888 REM DOCTORS ; ....... ·:POSITIO. TTT,A - l:1 tI6;" •• e":SOU
2818 C~C+l : IF C=11 THEN C ~ I : 0C~R.O(8). NO 8,A.TTT,12:S0UIIIO I,TTT,A,12
18 6845 LOCATE K,V,ZZ:If ZZ=77 THEN 'OTO
2828 I f DC)6 THEN POSITION C+5,RNO(0). 1180
18: 1 U6 ' ''I11'' 6847 NEXT A
2848 REtURN 6859 SOUND 8,8 8 8 : S0UNO 1,8,8,8
3888 REM POTS 6868 POSITION ht,I':1 tI6;'"en"
3818 O=O+I:If 0=11 THEN O=I : DC=RIIIO(8). 6878 RETURN
18 18888 RESTORE 18588
3828 If DC)7 THEN fOR A=2 TO Y:POSITIO 18818 READ SO:IF 50=-1 THE. SOUND 8,8,
N O+S,A : ? U6;"B":POSITION 0+S,II-1:? U6 8,8:RETURN
;"f":NEKT A: POSITION D+S , V:? U6 ;"e" 18828 50UIIID 8,SO.18.14 : fOR A=l TO 2:IIIE
3838 AETURIII MT A: GOTO 18818
4888 REM BIRD 185a8 DATA 2.3,4 , 162~.,121~6~'6.2.182,
4818 BD=BO+~:IF BD=11 THEN BD=1 .,24J'· LI62 i·,121.6.al.2,6.,a, - 1
4828 POSITION BO+5,2:1 U6;"C":POSITION 118.8 GRAPH CS O:POKE 752 1:POSITION 1
BD+6,2:? U6;"0":P05ITION 80+4,2:1 1t6; ,1:? II GO 0111 TO BUIL 6IN' ";B:fOR
"e":BDD=RND(8'.10 A:l TO 3:FOR 0=1 TO 58:S0U.0 8~OLI8,8
4822 I f 80=1 THEN POSITION lS,2:? U6;" 11885 NEXT D:NEXT A:SOUND .,8,.,.
ee" 11818 fOR A=8 TO SC STEP 158 : 50UIIIO 8,1
4825 IF 800 ) 3 THEN 4830 ','2 8 : fOA 0:1 TO 28:NEKT Q:SOUND 8 , 8 ,
4827 RETURN 8.8:~OSITION 18,5: 1 "SCDAE:";A:NEKT A:
4838 FOR BODA=4 TO 1':POSITION BD+S,BD GOTO 5
DA: ? U6;"eM":POSITION BD+5,BDDA-1:1 116 31'" ENO
;"ee" 32888 POKE 186,PEEk(186) -5: GRAPHICS 8:
•• 48 LOCATE X,V,Z : IF Z=1.' THEN GOSUa START=(PEEKCI86'+l'.256 : POKE 756,STAAT
1888 1256:POKE 752 1
SOUND 8,BDOII+188,18,8:NEKT BDOII:S 32'18 DIM XFR~(38':RESTORE 32815:fOR K
., .... 8.8 =1 TO 38:REAO N:KfRSCK'=CHA$(N':NEXT X
RETuRN 32815 OATA 184,16,,8,133,283,133,285,1
REM KONG 6'.22 •• 133.286,165,186,2.,185,1 , 133,28
.111~ •• +l:IF .111 =12 THEN Kl =.L+1:KIII= 4,168,8,177 . 285,145,283,288
32816 DATA 288,24',238,284.238,286,165
THEIII KM:KN+l:If Kl=12 THE ,2 96,281,228,288,237 , '6
32828 Z=USA(ADA(KfR$,,:RESTORE 32188
KN+5. kl+l :? 116; ' . ' : POSIT 32838 READ X:IF X:-l THEIII RESTORE :R£T
. ? 1t6;"I!I":POSITION KI-l+5 URN
, : ~e~r1Ie= K. -l +S,Xl~2:7 328.8 FOR v=e TO 7:READ Z:POKE ~+V+STA
116 ;"." RT,Z:REKT V:GOTO 32838
5825 POSITION 16.n+l:'! U6; " ." : POSITIO 32108 DATA 264 , 68.126.21',255 ,2 31,18'_
N 16 ,K l +2:? U6;"." 1'5 , 126
5826 REH FOR A=1 TO 12POSITIOI 15 , A1 U 32181 DATA 272,106,58,36,255,126,126,1
6 ;"."MEKT A 26,126
5827 LOCATE X, V,Z : If Z=235 THEN GOTO 1 32182 OATA 288,38,207,255.255.127,15 , 3
III 8 , 68
58 38 QOO=RNO(0)*18+1 32183 DATA 288 , 38L26t255~254L224L8,8~8
5848 If 000 ( 6 THEM RETURM 3210. DATA 2'6,25~ , lz"lz' . lz' . lz"IZ'
58.5 IF 000 }6 AND 000 (7 THEN 5858 ,12',255
5846 IF 000}7 ANO 000(8 THEM 5208 32105 OATA 18.,8,126,126,126,126,126,1
5847 If OQO)8 AND 000 ( ' THEN 5380 26,8
58.8 IF 000 )' AND 000 (1 0 THEN 5488 32186 DATA 312,1'5,153,153,231.69,60,6
585e fOR A=KL+' TO 17 1,1
586 8 POSITION K"+5,1I:1 U6 ; "B" : POSITION 32187 DATA 328,68,60 ,3 6 ,3 6.36 ,231,231.
KN+5,Q-l:" U6;"e":LOCtiTE X, y,ZZ :If ZZ I
=66 THEM 1888 32108 OATA 328,68,36 ,68 8 24. 1 6 24L~
58 78 SOUMO 8,A+288,II,8:MEHT A:SOUMD 8 3218' DATA 336.68,'B,126,12,,16~,I~ ,1
,8 , 0 . 0:PO SITIOIII I(N+5 ,1 7 :1 U6 ; "e" 26,68
5888 AETURN 32118 DATil 3.' , 68 , 182 , 165 ,1 65 , 165 ,21',
5208 FOR A=Kl+4 TO 17 68 ,211
5210 POSITIOM U+5 , A:? R6; "I" : POSITION 32111 DATA 352,126,182 , 182 . 126,8,8,48,
KN+5,Q - l:? U6;"e" : lOCATE X,V,ZZ : IF ZZ S.
=73 THEN 1888 32112 OAT A 368,8.8.255,182.255,8,8 . 8
5228 SOUIO I,A+288.18,8:NEKT A:SOUID 8 32113 DnA - 1
,8,O,I:POSITION KIII+5,17:1 Uti;"." 32588 GRAPHICS 17
5238 RETURM 32511 FOR A=1 TO 22:POSITION I,A: ? Uti ;
SIlO fOR A=Kl+. TO 17 , ':SOUNO 0 . A+25 , 18
5310 POSITIOI KU5 , A: 1 116; "tt": POSITIOI ,12:IEMT A:POSITIOM 4,18
KN+5,A - l:1 U6;"e":lOCATE X,V ,Z Z:IF ZZ 32511 SOUND 8,1,8,8
=77 THEM 1888
5329 SOUND 8.a+288,18,8:NEXT A:SOUID 8
• 8,8 : POSITION KN+5.17 :1 116 ; "('''
hie RETURM ..~~~~=,,~g~n~~:N
2s~~~ i 1 ';'QJDR~~~U~~A:~
3 2512 ? Uti;" •• stunt .tun .. "
Utiui.
5.8B FOR a=KL+4 TO 17 32525 POSITION 7 ,18:1 1t6;"CC'I'82"
SUB POSITION 11+5,A:? U6;"A": POSITION 32538 IF PEEKC5327,,=6 THE. RETUAN
KN+5,A- l:1 U6;"." : lOCATE K, V,ZZ : IF ZZ 125.8 GO TO 32518
=65 THEN 1888 32788 GRAPHICS 18: POSITION 1,2: 1 U6;'~
5428 SOUMD 8,A+288,18,8 : MEKT A:S OUND 8 ME OVEP I: POSITION 1 , 5:? Uti; "SCORE=";
,',8,8:POSITIOII III+S,17 : ? U6;"e"
SUB RETURI ~~
558B AETUAI 32711 POSITION l.6:? 116 ;"PRESS START"
6888 REM GIRDERS ARE HEAM 32715 IF PEEKC5327') ()6 THEN 12715
6885 GG =RNO(8'.18+1 :If PL =1 THEN PL=l' 32755 ClR :GOTO 2
6818 If 'G( 4 THEN RETURM
6828 TTT=RMD(8)*12+1
6838 IF TTT (5 THEM RETURM •
 ~

PAGE 142 THE A.N .A.l.O .G. COMPENDIUM VOl. 1 '-'

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CH ECKSUM DATA
(Sec pgs. 7-10) v
'-'
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'-'
'-'
'-'

'-'
'-'
• v
'-'

\..-

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v

'-'
'~

v
v

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• ~

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v
v
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\.
VOL. 1 TH E A. N .A.L.O. G . COMPENDIUM PAG E 143

T.
DUNGEONS &DRAGONS
CHARACTER GENERATOR
2 4K C assette 32 K Di sk
b y Bob Cu rtin

When I first bought my ATARl, one of the things I it's a simple matter to just look it up; while it's not so
put high on my list of priorities was to try one of the simple ro get the computer to do what it's told nor to.
computer adventure games on the market. I wasn't For those of you who want to ignore the limits, the
impressed with the game, bur I was impressed with computer doesn't know any betcer. Indulge.
the case of play. Pressing a few buttons took care of I fudged a couple of other values, too. For in-
movement, combat, encumbrance, game time and all stance, line 195 contains the random number gen-
the rest, and it dawned o n me that my co mputer erator for the characters' basic abiliti es. Notice that
could be a big help to me in m y ongoing DUN- va riables A and C havea +2 for the add -on number.
GEONS & DRAGONS campaign. I set to work I did th is to give the players a b rea k . All you hard-
writing a series of utility programs for it. This, the line Dungeon Maste rs out there gnashing you r teeth
fi rst, generates both player and non-player charac- ca n switch back to + 1 if you want. (Essentially,
ters in an average of about fou r minutes. Normally, it they're now rolling 306+2.)
takes anywhere from twenty to forty minutes to T h e p rog ram.
generate a character "by hand," and then there's a As I said, there are five inputs. They are, in order:
strong possibility of missing a few modifiers along name, gender, race, class and character level. Here is
the way. The compu ter always remembers. an example of each.
Though the p rogram was written to take the work Name -after the title, the computer will ask fo r a
out of generating characters, the Dungeon Master character name. This is the only "open" input, and
and players are still left with choices to mak e. As in - although you have to work at it - it can be
0&0, the player still has choice of name, gender, screwed up. For example, entoring a couple of
race, class, and cha rac ter level. Those categories control cha racters through the escape key will cause
greatl y affect the final character stati stics, and it some grief later on down the line. Other than that,
would be an injustice to randomly choose them for anything but an input of YES, NO, Y or N will be
the player. By the same token, therearecertain mini- taken as the cha racter name. If you don't want a
mum ability scores, o r racial requirements, which name, just hit the return key. Entering NO or N will
must be met to assume the role of a particular race or fe tch a list of names from memory as suggestions to
class. The user docsn 't have to know or worry about the player.
it ; the computer will figure it all out and teU the GEN DER - The computer will only accept M or
player if he or she doesn't measure up. The player F. Lower case letters will not work.
may continue to choose alternatives until o ne of his RACE and CLASS - Only the exact initials
choices meets :lll requirements. The program will listed in parentheses on rhe respective menus will be
then continue on. accepted.
The system used is based on the standard AD- C HARACTER LEVEL - Any level between I
VANCED DUNGEONS & DRAGONS gom" and 18 (inclusive) will be accepted. If a value below 1
There is an omission, however - by choice. not is entered, the value will be upped to 1. If a value over
error. I didn't incorporate the m:lximum level re- 18 is entered, a short message will be displayed and
strictions imposed on ce rtain races , such as an Elf the program will loop back for another input. Any
being able to rise no higher than 7th level as a fighter. illegal ent ry, such as a letter instead of:l number, will
If a Dungeon Master wants to adhere to those limits, also cause the loop back for re-entry.

DUNGEONS (. DRAGONS C> 1962 TSR HobI>tes. Inc. AU Rights ReSC<Ve<l

PAGE 144 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. CO MPENDIUM VOL. 1

As the character builds, the comp uter docs the awa y dungeon, killer dungeons are , if no t worse, at
appropriate ca lculations, compa ri sons and modifi ~ least as bad. Su rvivi ng a nd advancing up the ladder
cations between inputs, and then displays the results. of experience - developing a character is what D&D
After the info rmatio n has been copied from the is all abou t. To have a developed character snu ffed
sc reen, the pla yer may conti nue the p rogram by ou t by the undetectable, unseeable o r unkno wable is
pressing an y key. bound to cause you to ga in a reputation as a "cheap
P rogra m o utline. shot" dungeon master. Having a c haracter killed
Li nes 5·26 - Initial iza tio n because of one's own recklessness o r bad luck or a
Li nes 50·75 - Character Race Modifier bad choice bcf«.'C<.'l1 alfernmitiCs can be lived with. But
Routine the skewering of some hapless player for no rhyme
Lines 80 ~ 82 - Custom Display List or reason is unforgivable.
Lines 86 ~ 88 - Tide (so, my vanit y's show- Give yo ur playe rs a break. Pick a num ber - (use
ing). This can be deleted by eliminating lines80 fi ve - and let each player ru n off that man y char-
through 96 and changing the last statement in acters. The player ca n then choose o ne o f them to
li ne 20 to GOTO 100. start the game with , and shou ld that character co me
Lines 1 00 ~1l1 - Thief, Magic~use r , and to an untimel y end. there are fo ur m o re fro m which
Monk Data to choose. That way, no more valuable playing time
Lin es 159- 179 - Name Input is taken up generating characters.
Lin es 180· 187 - Gender In pu t Norma ll y, novice players sta rt at level o ne. How.
Lines 190 -1 92 - Race Menu ever, after a player has ca mpaigned fo r some time , it's
Line 195 - Basic Abili ty Scores usuall y the practice to let him o r her start highe r than
Lines 200~225 - Race Input that. If they ha ve a cha racter killed off, you co uld , for
Lines 226·229 - Ability Score Display instance, have the m start a co uple of levels lowe r
Lines 235-243 - Class Menu and Class than the character who was killed . Another way is to
Input roll a si x or eight-sided die.
Lines 2 4 5~ 25 4 - C lass Trigger and Gold Above all , be fai r. Re me mber that you, and con-
Piece Generator sequently all of the creatures you co ntrol, have per-
Lines 263·269 Exceptional Strength fec t intelligence. Your players d o not; they on ly
Routine know what you tell the m. It behooves you to give
Lin es 276-332 Hit, Damage, Ar mo r that little extra . If a player ca n 't see something, don't
Class, and Dexterity Mod ifi ers wa it for him to ask; tell him .
Lin es 335·3 41 - Modifier Display Good luck. Good dungeoning. 0
Li n es 345 · 374 - Height and Weight Rou-
tine (modified by race and gender )
Lin es 3 75 ~4 38 - Hit Poi nt Generation
5 TRAP 8888
Ro utine (modified b y race and ability) II DIN MS("J.Z$(J8',R$(J81.P$(181.E$(
Lines 460-475 - Thieves Ability 21'.DWS(281".$(28' . HE$(221 . 5TS('),WIS
'7'6I.$(28).D~$CJ'J L CM$(28J L CH$CIIJ
Lin es 500·530 - Magic-user Abilities 121M HA$ (22J HO$CZ2'.B$(lsJ,V$(1",T
Li nes 550-599 - Monk Abi lities (1"8J . MUC2·L,i.F(6).J(15,,G$(10) . ~(I'
) .MUJ' . . . U( , " , tlSU.) ,0$ ( 8 )
Li n es 2000- 2020 - Na me List 15 ZS=" DOES MOT HAUE EMOU'"" : 5T$ ="5TR
Lin es 2550-2730 - Race limitatio ns EM'TH " : II$="IMTELLIGE.CE tf : MI$=tfNISDOM"'
:DK$="OE~TERITV " :C"$="CO"STITUTIO""
Lines 5000-5975 - Class Limitations 18 CH$="CHARISNA":BS=" TO BE Atf : ES=" EL
Lines 6132-6200 - Thief Abilities Mo di - UES CA .... OT BE ":DWS="DWARVES CA ... OT BE
,, : ,.$ ="'.OtE5 CA •• OT BE "
fie rs (by race and ability scores) 21 HE$="HALf-ELVES CAJlJlOT BE ":HAS="HA
Lines 7000-7055 - Psionics Routine LfLII'S CAIIOT BE u:HOS=uHALf-ORCS CAl
lOT BE ":'1'$=" IO . AT TACkS"
Li n es 8000-8020 - Input Error Ro utine 25 Kl =1:K2=K1*1(1 : I(J=1(1*1(2:1('=I(I*I(J:1(5=
A few suggestio n s for the OM. 11*K':K6=k3*K3 : k1=14*13 : 1(8=12*.6 : k' =1(1
*18:118=1('*Kl:K11=25:K12=58:KI3=180
Neve r lose sight of the fact tha t the o nl y reason a 26 K14=15:KI5=125 : K16=1 58 : 117=288:K241
player will pa rtic ipate in onc of you r D&D sessions =241 : KO =KI - Kl:'OTO 88
58 fOR £=kl TO K6:J(EJ=FeEJ:IEKT E:0=8 v
is to have FUN! Nothing will dampen the enthu- : If R$=uH " THEI Y=Kl : 0=K5: RETUIIU,
siasm of a new player fa ste r than being fo rced to 5. If A$="E" THEIII Y=K2:0=K5:J'K4) =J(K4
)*Kl : J(KSJ=J'KS) - Kl:RETUA ..
assume the ro le of a character too weak to take any 56 IF A$="O" THEI '1'=13: 0=K5: J '1(5) =J CK5
kind of in itiative, do any exploring , o r eve n stand )*K1 : JCK6) =J'K6) - Kl:AETUA.
58 If A$=", .. THEM Y=U:O=kS : RETUAM
fast with the rest o f the party. Force your players into 68 If R$= " H£ " THEM Y=K5 : 0=1(5:'OTO 75
a position of constant im potence and you' ll soon 62 IF R$= " HA " THEM Y=K6 : 0=IS : JU U=J '1(
1) - Kl:J'k4) =J'K4)*I(I : AETUAI
find your dungeon devoid of adventurers. 64 If R$="HO " THEI V=k7: 0=K5 : J 'KU =J (I(
Although I'm certainly not in favor o f [he give· 1)*Kl : J(I(SJ =JeI(S)tl(l:J(K6' =J CK6) - K2 : RE
TUAI
 VOL. 1 THE A.N .A.L.O .G. COMPEND1UM PAG E 145

15 AfTUn 225 fCEJ=J(EJ:NEHT E

81 POKE 712.128:? """ : Dl =PEEK (S61t) +256 226 'RAPHICS Kl:POIE 712,58:POIE 71 8,5
*PEEI(S61J : POKE 752,ll:POK£ 55'.'" 8:? U6: ? U6:? 116
81 Zl=PEEKCDL+K4):Z2 =PEEK(DL+KSJ:POkE 227 ? 116:1 U6:? 116 :1 116;" STREN'TH
Dl+KJ,71:POKE DL+K',Zl : POKE Dl+KS.Z2:P ";F(Kll:? 116;" INTELLI'ENCE ";fCK
DIE DL+K6,K7:POkE Ol+I?K6 2 ) :? 116 '" WISDOM "; f (11)
82 POKE Dl+k8.K6:POKE Ol+K',K6:POKE Dl 228 '! ii6;" DEXTERITY ": F (14) : 1 U6
+118.K6:POK[ DL+Kl1+K2.65:POKE OLiK1!. ;" CONSTITUTION ";f(KS):? 116 ; " CHAR
K3,PEEK(S68':POKE DL+2'.PEEK(S61) ISM ";f(16):? Uti : 1 116
88 POKE 82,I:POI£ 55',3':POI£ 711,128: 2n ? 1t6;" 8ASIC ABIL IllES" : POKE 751,
? "" DUNCEONS & DRAIiONS" :? " RANDO" C I:?" PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE"
"AAACrER" :? " IIEIIERAIIOII PAOGRA"" 231 OPEN Ul,4.1,"I:":GET IIl,E:CLOSE IU
'2 ? II BY BOB CURTI." :If E)8 THEN 215
'3 ? :? :?.. THIS PROGRA" MAS WRITTE <_.!!", ""POKE 7.18,16
III TO TAKE": ? II SOPIE OF THE BURDEll
OFF OF THE"
"
ER . "
? .. USUALLY HARRIED oU.'EOII ItAST "
,S ? :? II PLEASE BE SURE TO PRESS Cl
~ ": ? " AfTER EACH I.PU

- n ? :1 :1 .. GOOD LUCK!
EOllnIG!": fOR £=K1 TO KJ8 A 3*5: IIE)(T E
188 fOR 1 =1 1 TO 18:FOR K=Kl TO Kll+K8:
GOOD DUll'
.. CH
RE~O N:TCM.I' =N:NEMT M:NEMT I
181 FOR 1= 1 TO K3:FOA X=K' TO K18+K':
RE~O " : ~CK,I' = N : NEKT M:"EKT I
182 FOR 1 =11 TO k4:FOR M=Kl TO K18+K7: "WHAT CLASS";: IN
RE~O N:MKCK,I) =N:NEXT K: NEXT I
183 DATA 38,15,48,45,58,55,68,65,78,88 THEN 0=15:Z=ll:'P=INT(15
,'8,188,185,118 , 115,125,125,125,25,2',
11,17{42,47,52,S7,62,67,72,77,82,87 THEN O:KS:Z:12:GP:INT(11
184 DaTA '2,'7.",",28,15,31,15,48,45
,51,55,68,65 ,71,75,81,85,'1,'5,",",1 THEN 0 =15:Z:13 : 'P =INT(11
5,11,17,11,48 , 47,55 , 62,78 ,7 8,86,'4,"
185 DATA " , " L " , " , " ,1 0,15,20,25,11 THEN 0 =15:Z =14:'P=INT(11
.31,41 , 4'.56 ,6~,7., 77.85,'1"""",.'
' , 11,18,15,15,18. 28 ,25,15,11,18.35 ,3 5 THEN 0=IS:I=15:GP=INT(11
186 DATA 48,41,58,58.55,55,85,86,87,88
,'8,'Z,'4,'6,'8,",".l,".2,".3,".4 THEN 0=15:Z=K6:GP=I.T(11
,".5,".6,".7,".8,8,8,O,ZO,Z5,31
111 DATA 35 48,45 5 8,5 5 68 65, 78,75,81 THEN 0=15:Z =K7 : 'P=INT(11
,88,81,3S , 4~L45 , 4~ ,55,55,65,6S,'5,85"
S,4.5,5,5,6 , ~,7, 7,8,' ,II,6,7,7.7.',' THE. O=K5:Z=18:GP=INT(6
188 DATA 11,11,14,18,"
18' DATA 1 8,',8,7,7,6,5,4,3,3,2,1,8,-1 ' HEN 0 =K5 : Z=I': 'P=I NT(68
,-1, - 2, - 3 , 158.168.171 , 188,1'8,288,21',
ZZ8,Z30,248,258,Z60 L Z78,288,Z'I,380 0=15:Z=119:'P=INT(1
118 DATA 3ZI,1,1,lL~4,54,32,12,32,2,2,
5Z,52,52, I,3, 4.4.1~.14,16,16,27,28,3'. ? "CORRECT INITIAL 5
212,312,313,413,416,517,528,624 : 'OTO 241
111 DATA 51l,8l1
15' POKE 82.2:'R~PHICS I:POIE 752,1:PO P$="R" OR P$="P" THEN
KE 712 128:POIE 718,128 THE N 265
161 RE~TORE :? U6 :? 116 :? 116;" DUNGEONS GOTO 276
, DRAGOIIS":? 116; "CHARACTER GENEAATION 265 GRAPHICS 2+16:POKE 711,4: 1 UK6:1 U
"171 ? "HAUE YOU THOU'HT OF A NAME":? ..
K6: ? tlI(6: 1 1IK6:" "HI$;" HAS ":'! IIK6;"
EXCEPTIONAL":? tlI(6;" 5TAEN'TH"
fOR YOUR CHARACTER"': INPUT 11$ 2" ? U6 : ES=UT (lll*RNO CKl) +U) :? 116;"
175 If II$ ="YE S" OR N$= "Y" THEN ? "III~L E.S.RAllNG 18/":ES:FOR £=11 TO 2881:
L, "AT IS IT" : :IIIPUT N$ NEXT E
17' If N$=" NO" OR "$ =" 11" THEil GRAPHICS 276 "" = 8:~ = 8 : MA = 8 : HR = 8:1325=325:1335 =
I : POKE 11I,6:POKE 71',I : POKE 751,1:GO 13S

- SUB 2181
.J88 ? "IIIWHAT 'ENDER IS to; 11$'" (tVf)";:
INPUT ,$: 0 =1 : If G$="",' OR G!="f" THEN
O=KS
1 18 IF ES=113 THEN MH=K3:ND= K6:GOTO 11
2'
III
o
If ES)=K13-1' THEN MH =IZ : HD=K5:G OT
IUS
187 I f OOK5 THE. ? "'IUVf DilLY, PLEASE 312 IF ES) =l*kll+ll THEN NH =K2 : HD =14 : '
!": FOR E=ll TO .JS88:NEKT E:'OTO 188 OTO 1:125
1'8 ? U6: ? 116: ? 116 ; " HUMII (H)" 113 If ES) =k12+11 THEN "" =IZ:MD =Kl:G OT
: ? 116 ;" ELf (E)":? 116;" DNA o 1325
Af (D)" 314 IF ES) =k l THEN MH=ll:ND=13 :GOTO 13
1'2 ? 116;" '.ONE ")" :1 116;" 2.
HALFUN, (HA)" :? 116;" HALf-ELf 'HE 315 If A=K'+K' THE. MH=ll:MD=12:,OTO •
)": ? U6;" HALf - ORC (HO)" 32.
1'5 FOR E=ll TO K6:A=INT(16*RMD(ll)+IZ 316 If A=kll+17 THEN ""=KI : ~=ll:'OTO
):8=I.T(16*1.0(ll)+I):C=INT(16*1NO(ll) 1125
+Kl):D =A+B+C:FCEJ =D:NEKT E:'OTO 285 311 If A=KI8+K6 'HEN ND=Kl:GOTO K:l2S
288 POP :? 318 If A=13 THEN ""= - 13 : ND= - K2:GOTO II
285 ? "WHAT RACE"; :IMPUT R$:GOSU8 K12 2.
218 IF 0<>15 THEN 1 "IIIINITIAlS ONLY, P 31' If A=14 THEN MH =- 12:MD=-Kl:GOTO 11
LEA5E!":,OTO 285
215 '05U8 2558 2'
III If A( =16 THEN "": - 11:'OTO 1325
228 fOR E=ll TO K6:If J(E»K'+I' THEN 125 If D=K'+K, THEN MR =Kl:MA= - 14:'OTO
J (EJ =.'+K' IllS
224 If J(E) ( KI THEN J(E)=13 116 IF 0 =1'+18 THEN MR =12:MA=- KJ:GOTO
PAGE 146 THE A.N.A.l.O.G. COM PENDIUM VOl. 1

KllS 43J IF E) =K8+K8 THEM HP1 =HPT+Cl*«2):GO

127 If D=K8fK8 THEN MR=KJ:~= - K2:'OTO TO 438
IClJ5 412 If E=K'+K6 THEN HPT=HPT+L:'OTO 418
128 IF D= K7+K8 THEN MA=- kl:GOTO K135 413 If E=Kl THEN HPI =HPT- Cl*«2]:GOTO 4
32' If 0=K6 THE. MA=KJ:GOTO K3IS 3.
lIe If 0=K5 THEN MR:-Kl : MA:k2:GOTO KII 434 If E(K8 THEN HPT =HPT - L
5 418 ? 116 :? $16;" HIT POINTS .. ; HPT
311 If D=K4 THEN MR:-K2:MA =KI:GOTO KII 448 If Z=Kl OR Z=K3 THEN If L) ~ ~2 THE"
5 ? U6;Y$;" 2/ 1":&OTO 456
lIZ If 0 =K1 THEN MR:-K3:MA=K4:'OTO KII 445 If Z=Kl OR Z=Kl THEN If l)=K6 THEN
5 ? 116jY$;" 3/Z":COTO 456
lIS GRAPHICS I : PO(E 712,128:PO(£ 788,2 446 If Z=KZ THEN If L) =16 THEIII 1 Ufi;V$
2 :PO(£ 78',22:POK£ 752,I:POKE 718,128 ;" 2/J":GOTO 456
ll6 ? 116:? 116'" "'.$:"'S" 441 If Z=K2 THEN If L> =K1 THEN ? ft6;Y$
Il7 ? A6; II tt06xfIh~:":? 1t6 ;" 31Z"
lIB? 1l6;" HIT " : tIt 456 If Y=Kl OR Y=K3 OR Y=K6 THEIII GOSUB
l I ' ? 116;" DAMAGE " ; Je 7BOB
3048 ? 116;" AIC ADJUSTMENT ";NA 457 ? " 1I;";N5;" HAS ";GP;" GOLD PIECES"
341 ? U6;" RIA BONUS ";MR 458 GOSua fiJ38: 1 : '?" PRESS ~NY KEY
345 K(S' :INT(7*RNO(1):XC6' : INTC'*AND( TO CONTINUE"
1»:X(7l =INYCl1*ANO(1)):X(81 =INT(lJ*RN 45 ' OPEN Ul.4 ..... K:" : CET UJ,I:ClOSE Ul
0(1)) : K ,,, = JIiIT (25*RND (ll] : If 1>8 THEN 468
346 XC6l :INTC'*RNO(1) 468 8S =IMTCl/ K4)+K2:If Z=K6 OR Z=K7 TH
ISO MCS' :ZNT(48*ANOCJ»):M(6':IN1CI8*RN EN 462
OCJ»):M'71 : IN'C28*RND(1)):MC8':INY(S8. 461 COlO 581
RNOCl'):M"' =INTC66*RNDCJ)) 462 GRnPHICS I+J6
355 IF C$ ="F" THEN 365 46 J ? U6: 1 116: ? U6:? U6
3S6 IF Y=K3 THEN H=K2*KJJ - K6+XCK7]:N=K 46 5 ? U6;" OS - - - - H"
J3+KU+K'+MCK5) 466 ? a6;" PP - - -
357 IF Y=K2 THEN H=KJ2+K6+K(K7):N=KJJ - 467 ? a6;" LOCK'S
KIa+"U(6) 460 ? U6;" TRAPS
358 IF Y=K4 THEN H=KJ2-K18-KJ+KCK5':N=
U*KU - Kl+MCK7)
46' 1 a6;"
478 ? U6 ;"
"S ---
HS - - -
35' IF Y=K5 THEil H=KJ2+KJ8+KCK8):N=J18 471 ? a6:" HE~R -
+"tI(5)
361 IF Y=K7 THEN H=KJ2+K18+K2+XCK6]:N=
1(16+"(K8)
36J IF Y=K6 THEN H=KIJ+KI8+KJ+XCI<6J:N=
8'''"'K5)
362 IF Y=KJ THEN H=KI2+KI8+XCK'):N=KJ3
472 ? U6:"
47 3 ? U6;"
474 ? a6 : '? Il6
"
475
5 ••
CLIMB

.
~~;<UI:!:D!DE
fOR I=Kl TO KII A 3*K5:NEXT I
If Z=K8 OR Z=K' THEN 585
+UJ +K5+M ,I<" 501 If Z=KI8 THEN 55B
363 GOTO 372 5.2 GOTO 4'"
36S If Y=K3 THEN H=42+xCK6) : N=KJ4"K4+" 5.5
CJ( 6) 510 ~R::~~C~~; J ~i ~~K~ ~ ~ZriltMIII_"'3:1
366 If Y=K2 THEN H=K12"XCK7]:N=K13-KS+
M(K7)
m
51 5
";HIJeO,I)
? a6:,? 116;" MIHIHU ~PELL ~ " ; NUtB
367 IF Y=K4 THEil H=K6*K6+KCKS]:N=K6*KJ .2>
B+K7+"C(7) 571 ? U6: ? 116; " MtI)(IHUH ~PElL~ "iNUCB
368 If Y=KS THEN H=K12+K6+XCI(8]:N=K8*K , 3)
18+"CK6] ~10 fOR I=KJ TO 4.80:NEHT I
36' IF Y=K7 THEN H=K12+1('+XCI(S):W=K14+ 535 'DID 4'"
I(S""CI(8) 55B CRAPHI CS 1+J6:POKE 712,712:POKE 71
378 IF Y=6 THEN H=30 +XCS) : W=42"M'7) 0,224
371 If V=KJ THEN H=KI2"K6+XCK4]:H=K14+ 55~ ? U6: 1 Uti:? 116 :? 116;" HONI(S tiBl
HCK ') [t. :? a6
3720J=INTCH / 12):02=OJ*J2 :Q3= H- 02 552 '? a6:? Uti;" ~RttOR CL~SS ";MKCl
373 ? a6: ? Uti :? U6;" HEIGHT ";Q1 ; "'" .11
; 03;CHA$ (3 4) 553 ? a6;"
374 ? 116 ;" NEIGHT " ; W;"l BS." 554 If t«CL
37S HPT =KO :0 =K 8 : COTO 480 555 If f« Cl "
388 HP =tNTCK4*RNDCKJ)"K2):RETURN 55. IF .... Cl
185 HP=INTCK6*RNOCKl]+K2):RETURN 557 If f« Cl
3'8 HP =INTCK8*RNDCKl]+K2':RETURN 55. IF t« (L
1'5 HP =I NTCKJ8*RNOCKl]+K 2' : RETURN 5., If f« CL
488 ? "NtHH LEVEL IS "; .$; : IIilPUl L: If 5 •• IF f«CL
Z=K2 THEN l =l+JCJ 561 ? t16 ; I I .!1~' ~ !:~'· ~!!~!~D~·~
486 If L>18 THEIII 1 "lI\:YOU C~II'T SlaRT ~ 5.2 IF HK CL
CH~R~CT E R":? "oUER LEVEl J8. TAY ~ca 5.3 If M(L
1M . ": '? : COTO 4aB 5 •• I f "CL
487 If L( =8 THEil l =J 5.5 I f HI( CL
4B8 fOR J=Kl TO l:IF Z=Kl OR Z=Kl THEil 5 •• If MIC Cl
'OSUB 3'5 5.7 If "" Cl
.,.
418 If Z=KZ OR Z=K4 OR Z=K5 THEN 'OSU8
415 If Z=K6 OR Z=K7 THEN eOSU8 385
5 • • If MK Cl
5.'
57. If "'l
428 If Z=K8 OR Z=K'
B J88
4Z 2 HPT =HPT+HP : NEXT
OR Z=K18 THEN GOSU
J:COTO 43J
IF ""
571 IF ...
572 IF HI(
573 IF HI(
..
427 If E=K'+.' THEN HPT =HPT+tL*K4):GOT 574 IF
0418 575 IF
428 IF ~=K'+K8 THEN HPT=HP'+tL*K 3):'01 57. IF
° 438
42' If E=1<8+K8 THEM HPT = HPT+( ~*kl):60 1
577 ?
578 ?
° 438
438 GOlD 432
sn '?
588 ?

I..
~

~
VOL . 1 TH E A.N .A.L.O .G . COMPE N DIUM PAGE 147

5" fOR 1=11 10 S.'.:REKT I 2725 If J(1C6)16"1C6 THE. J(K61 =1C6+1(6

~
1'" (;OTO . " , 2738 AETUAK
2 ••• '? ...... If YOU'RE HAUII€; TROUBLE PIC 4'" GRAPHIC S I :S ET COLOR 2 ,L . 4:POlf 75
~ KIM''' :? it A NAME fDA YOUR CHARACTER, PE 2,I:SETCOLOR 4~L.':GOTO 168
RHAPS" 51.8 A=F(Kl):8=F(K2J:C=F(K3) : D=f(K41 : E
~
..2818
2885 7 "YOU'D LIKE It FEM SUGGESTIO.S.
? "YOU'RE WELCOME TO USE OlE OF T
=f(K5):F=F(16): 1 """
5815 011 I G010 5188,5288 . 5388,5481,558
8 , 5688,578B,5880,5'0I,5'50
~
"E5E:" 5855 RETURli
ZIt5 ? ""'5E1H THE HUGE","8UCKTHOR." 5188 IF A{I' THE. 1 .S ;ZS: 1 51$ ; 85;" F
~
2816 ? "AGRO. THE 'i NIFT"."ElLIDE" IGHTER . ":G010 1C 241
2817 ? "SRIAI Of BlACK..uOR ..... JA.O .. 5115 IF £{17 THEli 1 . S; Z$ :1 C.S;8$ ;" F
~ Z818 ? "AlO.SO THE HOOK","TAPHfIE5E" IGHTEA,":GOTO 1(241
281' ? " SIR BA'lEY","BAQREM SATO" 5118 AETUR.
~ 2828 ? ""UF YOU MAIII DIE Of THE5E~ 5280 IF A{118+K 3 THE. ? .S ;Z S : 1 STS;8S
5 T" : 1 "TYPE IN THE NAf'IE AND PRESS ~ ; " RANGER.": GOTO 1C 241
~ utl. " 5285 IF 0{1(18+13 THE. 1 .S;ZS: ? 1.$;8$
2812 ? tonF YOU DO. ' T, TYPE '10' AID P ... RA.GEA , " : GOTO 1C2U
HEsS":? '1:U.III:I:I.": '1 ..... AME"·: IlIPUT .$: 521. If C(118tl' THE. 1 N$;ZS: ? MIS;BS
~
If .$="110" OR .S =..... THEN .j=..
ZI28 GRAPHICS I:POI £ 788 . " : POI£ 752,1
~OOZIT .. ;" RA.G£R.":GOTO K241
5215 IF E( K18+14 THE. 1 lIS ; ZS: ? C.S ;8S
~
:RETURIIII ." RANGER , " : G010 1241
25586=JeKl):8=J(K2':C =J[K31 : AJ =J(K4J: !in. IF V=Kl THE .. 1 DMS ; "AA.GERS . " : GOl
~ 81 =JU:5) :el=J()(6): ? .. " .. o "241
2555 011 V- Kl GOlD 26'8,2588,2638,265', 5225 IF V="2 THEM ? ES;"RAMGEAS. " :GOTO
~
2678,2788 Kl41
2576 RETURN 5238 IF V=K4 THEM 1 '.S; "RA.ei ERS. " : GOT
~
2588 If AOI THEN 1 NS;ZS:1 STS;IS;" D
WAAf, ": fiOTO )(17
° K241
5235 IF V='" THEli ? HAS; "RA.CiERS . " : GOT
~
2585 If 81()(6*«2 THE. 1 .SiZS : ? e.S;8S
;" DWARf , " : GOTO )(17
° 1241
5248 IF V=17 THEM 1 HOS; "RA.GERS.": GOl
25'8 If GS="f" THEil If HI(U ) )('J+k8 THE o UU
~ • JUCU=)(1I*I(' 5245 RETUR.
25'5 If J()(4)k'+K8 THEil J(K4J =K'+K8 53'. IF 0 <118+12 THE. 1 IIS ;ZS :1 STS;8S
~
25'7 IF J(K6J ) 18+K8 THEN J(K6) =K8+K8 ;" PALAOI .... :GOTO IC241
25" RETUR. 5 385 If 8{K' THE" ? tIS;ZS: ? X.S ; 8$ ; " P
2688 IF B(K8 THE. 1 IS'ZS:1 IIIS;BS; " . ALAOIN." : GO TO K2 41
~
ELF , ":GOTD K17 5318 IF C{1(18+1 3 THE. 1 .S ;ZS :1 MIS.8S
2685 IF U(K7 THE. 1 .S;IS: ? D)(S ; 8S;". ;" PALADI ..... :GOTO K241
~ ELF . ":GOTO )(17 5315 IF E{K' THEil? .$;ZS: 1 e"S;8S ; " P
2611 If U(K6 THE. ? .. S;IS : 1 ClS ; BS; .... ALAOIN.":GOTO 1241
~ ELf , ":GOTO 11:17 5328 IF F{I('+1(8 THE. 1 .S ;ZS: ? CHS;8$;
2615 IF e1<l(s THE. ? .S;ZS:1 eHS;SS; .... " PALAOIlI." : GOTO 1C 241
~
Elf , " : 'OTD U7 5325 IF vOU THE. ? "O.LV HU~MS CA.
2628 IF tiS="F" THE. IF J(KU)k8+K8 THE BE PALADIIIS.":GOTO 1(241
N J(U) =KS"I(S 5338 AETURli
~
2625 RETUR" 548. IF e {K' THEN 1 M$; Z$ : 1 IUS; 8S;" C
2638 IF A{K6 THE .. ? . S ;zS : ? STS;85;" .. lEAIC. ": GOTO 1241
~ .. OI'l:." : GOTO K17 50485 I f V=K6 THE. ? H6S; "C LEAICS." : GOT
~
2635 IF 8 {17 THE. 1 IIS;ZS : 1 I.S;8S ; " ..
• OttE . ":GOTO K17
° K2U
5418 AETUR •
2648 IF 81<K8 THE. 1 .S; IS : ? e.s;as;" 551. If C(klltl(2 THEN? .S;ZS: 1 WI$;8S
~
'1I0I'lE , " : GOTO IU7 ;" DRUIO. ": GOTO 1241
2645 IF ,S= " F" THEM IF J (1(1) KJ*lC5 THE 5515 IF f(K18t15 THE. 1 .S;ZS: 1 CHS;8S
• J ( U ) =13*«:5 ;" OIUIO." : GOTO 1(241
~
2648 RETURIf 5518 If V=KJ THEil ? ONS;"DAUIOS . " : G010
2658 IF B{1(4 lHE. ? .S;ZS:? IIIS ; 8S;" H 1241
~ Alf - ElF ." : GOTO K17 5515 If V=K2 THE. 1 ES ; "DAUIDS . ":'OTO
2655 IF U{16 THEIf 1 IIIS ; ZS : 1 DXS;8S; " K241
~ HALF - ELf,":GOTO K17 5521 IF V=K4 THE. ? G.S;"OAUID'i . ":GOTO
2668 IF 81 {1(6 THE. 1 ItS;ZS: 1 e.s.as;" 1(241
~
HALf - ElF , ":G010 1(17 5525 If V=17 THEil ? HOS; "DRUIDS.": GOTO
2665 If GS ="F" THEI IF J(KU)K'+K8 THE 1241
II J ( 1 ) =1(,+1(8 5538 RETUR.
~
2668 RETURII 561. If O(K' THE. 1 .S;Z$:1 D)(S;8$;" T
267. IF ,, { K6 THE. 1 .S ; ZS: ? SlS;6S;" H HIEF ." : G010 .2oU
~ AlFlIltG . " : GOTO 1(17 5685 RETUR.
2675 IF 11(16 THEIt 1 .S;ZS : ? I.S ; 8$;" H 5711 IF A(118+K2 THEN 1 NS. I S:? STS;BS
~ ALfLlII" , ":GOTOI(17 ; ... 1'S56'S'SIlI." : GOTO KlU
2688 IF U(1(8 THEil 1 .S;ZS : 1 OXS;8S;" 5715 IF 8(KI8+ll THEil 1 .S;ZS:1 III5;BS
H"LflI .. G, " : GOTO 117 .... ASSAS5I .... :GOTO 1C241
~
2685 If 81{U. THE. 1 IIS;IS: 1 C.S ; 8S;" ~718 IF 0{KI8+12 THEI 1 15;ZS : 1 OXS;BS
HALFLIII, , ":GOTO 1(17 ;"lI A5565 51 . . .. :COTO 1241
~
26'. IF ,S=" ... , THEil If J (K1) )IHK8 THE 5728 IF Y=16 THEM 1 HAS;"A55A'SSIIS . ":G
.. J (11) =1"+18 OTO K241
~ 26'4 If 'S ="F" THE. IF J(KU)K7"1C7 THE 5725 RETURM
.. JUU) =K7 +K7 5 ••• IF 8 {1' THEN 1 .S;U : 1 INS;B5;" "
~ 26'5 If J(K3»K'+K8 THEM J(1(3) =K'+K8 AGIC-USER." : GOTO 1241
2 6'6 RETUAI 5815 I f 0(16 THE. ? .S;ZS: ? DK$;BS;" "
- 2788 IF A{16 THEli ? IIS;ZS:1 STS;85 ;" H
ALf - OAC , " : GOTO 1(17
2785 IF 81(16+17 THE. ? ,$ i Z$:1 e.$;8S
AUC - USER . " : GOTO KlU
5818 IF V=1C 3 THEM 1 DWS ; "~GIC - U S ER S. "
: 'OTO 1( 241
~
i II HAlf - ORe. " : ,OTO K17 5815 If V=U THE. ? 'MS;"MAGIC - USEAS."
2718 If J (1C2)k'+K' THEM J(12) =K'+KB : GO TO 1C241
~ 2715 If J(ll) } K7tK 7 THEM J (K31 =K7"K7 5 67 0 I f Y=K7 THE. '? HOS i """uaC - USER S. "
2720 If J(K4)K1"1C7 THE" J (1C4J =K7 tI7 : GOTO 1(241
I
PAGE 148 THE A .N .A.l .O .G . COMPEN DI UM VOl. 1 v

5825 If V=K6 THEN 1 HAS; "NlUC - USERS," 7158 IF PS)=K13 THE. ? "PSIOIIC STREIIC;
:(iOTO KUl TH = ";PST:FOR 1=1 TO 28&8:.EKT I
sa18 RETURN 7155 RETUR.
5'88 If 8<1(11+15 THEN 1 .S;Z$:1 11$;8$ 81.1 ERlll=Z56*PEEK(181)+PEEk CI86'
;"1 ILLUSIOIIST,":GOTO 1(241 a8JI CUR=PEEIC "., : 1 """: "? "INPUT ERROA
5'15 If 0<I(II+K6 THE. 1 1$;Z$:1 OX$;8$ -- TRl' AGAIIII!" : FOR 1=1 TO SI:SOUID I, v
; fll ILLUSIOIIS T .": GOTO 1(241 1+58 , 18 , 8:IEKT I:SOUID 1,8,8 , &
sue If '1=1(3 THEI ? DN$ ; "ILLUSIOIISTS . 88Z8 TAAP 8188:GOTO (EALIJ v
":C;OtO 1(241
5US I f Y=K2 THEI 1 E$;"ILLUSIOIISTS,"
:GOTO KZU
5'21 If l'=1(1 THEN ? HO$;":ILLUSIOIiISTS .
•
":'OTO I(Z41
S'Z5 If '1=16 THEN"? HAS;"ILLUSIOIiISTS.
n:C;OTO I(Z41
5'31 AETURIi
5'51 If A(1C11+1C5 THEI 1 1$:Z$:1 ST$;8$ v
;" MOlIK , ":GOTO 1(141
5'55 IF C(1(18+1(5 THE I 1 1$;Z$:1 MI$;B$
;" KOII(," : C;OTO K141
5'68 IF 0(1C18+11 THEI 1 1$;Z$:1 OX$;B$
;" HOIIK , ":GOTO I(Z41
5'65 IF E(1(18+ll THEI ? .$;Z$ : 1 CIS;B$
;" "OI",":GOTO K141
5'18 IF YOKI THEI 1 "OILY HUMI.S CAli
BE MOIK S ,":GOTO I(Z41 v
5'15 RETun
6118 IF D=18 THEN TCL,I(I)=TCL,KIJ+ICII :
TCL,IZJ =TCL,1C1J+15:TCL,11J =TCL,Kl)+1C5:
TCL,1C4J =TCL, .. 4'+11:TCL,1(5' =TCL,1(5J+18
6131 If D=1C18+1C1 THEI TCL,ICIJ =TCL,KIJ+
ICS : TCL,ICZJ =TCL,ICZJ+KI8:TCL,1C4J=TCL,1C4'
+1C5:TCL,1C5J =TCL,1C5J+1C5
613Z IF 0=1(18+16 THEI TCl,I(ZJ =TCL,ICZJ+
.5 .
6133 IF D=118+I(Z THE I TCl,1(4J =TCL , K4) -
.5
6134 IF D=lll+ll THE I TCL , KIJ =TCL,KIJ-
ICS : TCL , 1C3J=TCL,K3J - KS : TCL,K4J =rCl,K4J -
.'0
6135 If Y=K3 THEN TCl KZJ=TCL IZJ+Kll:
TCL,K3J =TCL,K1J+1S:TC(,X1J =TC(,IC1J - 1C18
: TCL,K8'=TCl , 1(8) - ICS
61 36 If V=IZ THEN TCL,KIJ =TCL,Kl)+KS : T
CL,K1J =TCL,K1J - K5:TCL , K4J=TCL,14J+ICS : T
Cl,KSJ =TCl,K5J+kl':TCL,1C61 =TCl , k6'+ICS
6111 IF Y=K4 THEN TCl,ICZ)=TCL,KZ)+KS:T
CL,KIJ=TCL,IC3J+KI8 : TCl,K4J =TCL,K4J+KS: v
TCL , KSJ =TCl , KS'+K5:TCL,K6J =TCl,K6J+l1
61 38 IF Y=K4 THEN TCL,K1J=TCl,K7' - KI5
613' IF Y=K5 THEN TCL,ICIJ=T(L,Kl)+Kll:
'(L,IS' =TCL,KSJ+K 5
614& :IF Y=16 'HE I TCL , ICIJ=TCL,II'+ICS:T v
CL,ICZJ =TC l ,I(ZJ+1C5 : TCl , K3, =T(L,1C1 '+1C5 : T
CL,1C4J =TCL , 1C4J+KI8
6141 If Y=K6 THEN TCl ICSJ : TCL,ICS)+1C18+
K5:TCL , K6' =TCL,6J+1C5:tCl , IC7, =rCL,I(1) - 1C v
11+KS : TCL,1C8J=TCl,18' - 1C5
614Z If Y=K7 THEN TCL,ICI'=TCl,1(1)-KS:T
CL,KZJ=TCL,IZJ+K5:TCL , K3J=T(L,K3J+ICS
6143 If Y=K1 THEM T(L , K6, =TCL.K6J+1C5:T
CL,K7) =TCL , K7)+KS:TCl,K8J =TCl,IBJ - kl'
6Z88 RETURN
71.8 AI=IMTC2. 5*D - 16J:ANCIITCI.5*C- 16) v
: AC =INTCI.5*F - 16J
1181 IF AI<8 THEIi AI =8
71.Z :If AW <8 THEIi AW=I
7883 IF AC<I THE III AC =&
71'4 AT=AI+AW+AC
7885 PS =IIIT(kI3*RIOCK1)+AT+l):lf P~) = K
• v
13 THEN 1 U6: ? R6;" " ; II$;" HA~":1 R6 ; "
P~IO. I C ABILITY"
7818 AI =B- IZ:AN:C - 12:AC=F- IZ : lf AI <8 1
HEM AI=KI
7111 I f AW(KI THE. ANl-1C8
1812 If AC(K8 THEM AC =KI
781 3 AT=AI+AW+AC
7115 ", =K8:0T=18:If 8)16 THEN OT =OT+Kl
7&Z8 If C) 16 THEN or =OT+K1
7125 IF F) 16 THE M OT=OT+ll
7838 If OT=k Z THE. MP =kZ
713S IF OT =K3 THE. KP =1C4
7848 P~T = INTCKI3*R.D(KIJ+KIJtAT*~
7 ... S IF PS)=KI3 THEM 1 "I{PSIONIC ABIU
TV = n ;PST*KZ
 VOL. 1 THE A. N.A.L.O.G. CO MPEN DIUM PAG E 149

DUNCiEONS & DRACiONS ™

HOUSEKEEPINCi 2
'oJ 32K C assette o r Di sk
"- by Bob C urtin

With the addition of the random access capability the Dungeon Master ma ke that choice fo r the mon~
of a disk drive. Dungeo n s & Dragons House· stets. As in a normal dungeon, you'd have some sort
kee ping (d isk ve rsion) comes into its own, with of graphic representation of the battle set up on the
several new func tions, bi late ral combat, and a dras· table top - usually with miniature figures.
tically cteancd·up act. The following is a deta iled In order, the computer makes the follow ing com~
rundown of each of the program functio ns and, putations: T he attacke r's class and level are looked
whe re applicable, some suggestions on their usc. up and the appropriate com bat table consulted to
Th is program is quite flex ible and, with a little ima· obtain a "[0 hit" number against the opponent's
ginarion, can ma ke you r job as a Dungeon Maste r a armor class. A random number is gene rated and any
whole lot ea'Sier. hit modifiers added. If a hit is obtained, damage is
Incidentally, when I use the term "monster," I'm "rolled" based on the weapon used, and then any
referr ing to all non player·character creatures, damage modifiers are added on. Hit points lost are
whether human, d rooling beast, or anything in be· automa tically deducted. The compute r then checks
twecn. Players and playe r ·cha racters are, of course, to see if the attacker is entitled to more than one
the people for whom you're runn ing the dungeon, attack this round. either because of weapon type or
and the characters they're playing. level, and if so, repeats the procedure. O therwise
I do have one word of caution. If, when you're play passes [0 the next combatant.
typing in this program, you're rewarded with an The combat alternates back and forth between the
ERROR 4 (too many va riables), don't panic. Fi rst, players and monsters, that is, all players make their
find your typing error, change it, and then follow the attacks, then all monsters make thei rs, etc. Killed or
procedu re outlined in pages 2 and 3 of your BASIC unconscious combatants are automatically removed
Reference Manual for wiping ou t excess variable from the cycle, and combat can be broken 0(( at any
names. The reason fo r the problem in the first place time, eithe r ind ividually or en masse.
is the fact that I've used all 128 variable names avail~ Each player cha racter may have up {O five
able, and if you inadvertently add one of your own, weapons, but weapon number 5 is reserved fo r m i s~
you' ll get that error. sile weapons. As such, it's the only weapon modified
by the RI A Bonus, and conve rsely not modified by
M ~ MELEE (comba t )
normal hit and damage modifiers. Weapon number
Where the cassette version of D& 0 Hou s ekeep~
5 may also be assigned multiple hits pe r round. For
iog handled the combat for the player cha racters
instance, D&D rules allow a player witha short bow
only and left the monster combat to be done ma n ~
to fire two arrows per combat round. It's conceiv~
ually, the disk ve rsion does it all. able for a player with multiple rounds of comba t to
The MELEE fu nction works vcry closely with the
fire up to six arrows in a turn!
ENTE R ROOM and LOAD ROOM functions.
Those two functions make the monste r data avail~ By entering '33' as an opponent numbe r and
able for combat purposes as needed. The player pressing RETURN, spell damage may be inflicted on
character data is always contained in memory, but the monster of your choice. If the spell affects more
the monster data is loaded as encounte red, either than one monster, you can repeat the procedure as
from disk or on the ny. The computer asks only many times as desi red by pressing'S'. To pass play to
which opponent is to be fought. The players, of the next player, just press any other key. You may
course, make that choice (or themselves. and you as add hit points to the monster of your choice by en~

DUNGEONS (, DRAGONS e 1962 TSR HobIl;es. Inc. All Riqhts Reserved.

PAGE 150 TH E A N.A.L.O.G. CO MPENDI UM VOL. 1

tering the amount of hit points you wish to add in the S - DUNG EON STATUS
form of a minus number. For instance, suppose the T he status display lists the dungeon time, the date,
parry were fighting a particularly nasty tro ll which weather conditions (outside, of course), tempera ~
regenerated ten hit points a turn. After eve ry turn, tu re, and wind. The weather conditions arc random
simply enter the MELEE mode, use the spell func~ and not subject to control by the DM, although they
tion for the first available character, and enter m inus can certainly be ignored if they don't fit into the
ten (-10) as the amount of damage inflicted by the scheme of things.
spell. Ten hit points will be added to the monster The time and date, on the other hand, can be
whose number you designated. After returning to changed. Pressing' I' will increment the time by te n
the main menu (by entering '32' and pressing RE ~ minutes, '2' by an hour, and '3' by a day. In addition,
TURN) you may resume play normally. one minute is added to the time for every combat
round played.
Entering '34' as an opponent numbe r will take you Press ' R' to return to the ma in menu.
direcdy into the monste r combat. This is useful for
those times when the bad guys have the initiative. E - ENTER ROO M
Note that, once into monster combat , you may pass To explain the ENTER ROOM function, I also
play onto the next monster by pressing ' P' or return have to explai n the LOAD ROOM fun ction at the
to the main menu by pressing 'R'. The only other 5.1me time. Pressing 'E' will cause the question,
commands recognized in that mode are the n u mbers "What is the room number!" [Q be displayed on the
o to 9, corresponding to the player characters' num~ screen. It is asking you which of the files c reated by
bers. LOAD ROOM you want to be dumped into mem-
Damage inflicted by non~combat means may be ory. At thi s point, I'll explain the LOAD ROOM
entered directly through the character sheet mode, function and come back to ENTER ROOM.
which is why I d idn't include a spell funct ion in the
L - LOAD ROOM is a routine which allows you to
monSter side of the combat. load monster data into files to be called up later by
A word to the purists o ut the re. 0&0 combat can tht;; ENTER ROOM function. Thisdata is used in the
get as complex as you could possibly want, with in- MELEE funct ion, and is actually all of the monSter
numerable modifie rs, zone hits, partial armor des~ statistics for combat resolution. The data includes
truction, aJ nauseum. This program definitely docs the number of monste rs, hit dice, individual hit
not take all that there is in D&D co mbat rules into points, number of attacks, and the damage per at~
account. It'd take a program all by itself to do that. tack.
The basic combat system is retained without mod i fi ~
cation, with the different combat tables for the dif- Pressing L will fetch up the sa me question: "What
ferent classes, hit and damage modifie rs, multiple is the room number!" You may enter a n y 3~character
attacks, missile attacks, and so on. Those of you code you wish. (Th is is actually the filename exten~
who're stic klers for detail and thrive on complexity de r for a file called D:COMBAT.) The code can be
would perhaps be better served by doing your any combination of three numbers and / or lette rs,
combat manually and using the rest of the program but if you we re smart, you'd code them to cor r es~
for housekeeping. pond to the room numbers on your dungeon map, or
the numbered encounter areas in your outdoor dun ~
# - C HARA CTER SH EET geon. You can use th is function to store the statistics
From the main menu, pressing a number between for taverns fu ll of troublemakers, and you can also
use it to load statistics on the spot for unexpected or
oand 9 inclusive wil l display a character sheet on the random encounters.
sc reen. The sheet contains the essential information
on each character which is needed as a reference As an example of how these two functions work, I
throughout the game. give you the fo llowing. Every good Dungeon Maste r
Hit points, money, and weapon status can be has a map of his du ngeon and some sort o f key to tell
changed directly in this mode, and all other informa- him what's in each o f the rooms. The rooms are nor-
tion can be changed through the initialization mode. mall y numbered , and the key describes what's in
Additional information ca n be kept in an individual each of the numbered rooms, including traps, mon ~ v
file accessed through the ROOMS function. Th is sters, treasure, etc. As the dungeon party explores
additional file would contain listings of weapons, the different rooms, they battle the monsters lurk ing
armor, equipment, special items, magical spel ls. etc., within, with the Dungeon Master taking the monste r
as well as any pertinent information on the character statistics from his key and conducting the combat
itself. like special talents, skills, and so on. manually. With this program, you'd si mply type in
You may directly enter MELEE, ROOMS, or re~ the room number to load the statistics iO[o memory
turn to the main menu by pressi ng M, Z, or R, res- and then use the MELEE function to conduc t com~
pectively. bat.
 VO l. 1 THE A. N.A. L.O .G. CO MPENDIUM PAG E 151

By loadi ng the mo nster da ta into files ahead o f disk d rive and then retu rn to the comma nd menu.
time, the d ungeon runs smoothly a nd with a mini ~ To get da ta, fo llow the same p rocedu re as fil ing

- m u m of time spe nt o n game mechanics. Yo ur playe rs

get more actual playing time, and your computer
does most o f the work.
data.
I - INITIALIZATION
This mode is used to initially en ter the playe r char-
Afte r you've assigned a rOOf\! number, the LOAD ac ter statistics, change statistics, o r add new player
ROOM funct io n will then as k, " How ma n y mon- characters. Note that, b!.!fore an y data is ente red, the
ste rs?" Simply type in the n u mber of mo nste rs in playe r n umber must be specified. O nce you've iden-
that particular room o r e ncoun ter area. You wi ll the n tified a pa rtic ular player, you may e n te r any n um ber
be asked fo r the monsters' hit dice (equiva lent to a of statistics. If you want to ente r data fo r ano ther
cha racter 's leve l). You may not have monste rs of playe r, you m ust re- id entify him.
d ifferent levels in the same room. If you insist on it, Most of the e ntries are self-explanatory, but a few
add up the levels and divide by the numbe r o f mon- need some words of cla ri fic ation.
ste rs to get an average. It works out pretty close. As I sta ted be fore, each character may have a maxi-
You'll be asked next for the monste r armor class. If mum of five weapons in th is p rogram, and each
you have monsters with di ffe rent armor classes, take weapon m ust be assigned a number. Weapons one
a n average, or do the odd ones by hand. th ro ugh four are hand held we.'lpons. and the
Next, give the hit poi nts for each monster. Here. number you'll be asked to enter is the ma ximum
you can compe llSate for averaged armor class o r level possible damage that the weapon can inflic t. For in-
by adding hit poi n ts. stance, player 2's number one weapon is a longsword
After all of the monsters have been assigned thei r capab le of 1-8 hi t points of da mage . You'd simply
hit points, you' ll be asked the n umber of attac ks per enter an 8 when cal1ed upon to do so. If no weapon
turn fo r each monster (you know, the old c1aw/ c1aw/ exists fo r a particular number. enter O.
bite routine). Aga in, you must average out the dam- The number of attacks per round must be entered
age for attacks which are different. For instance, if as follows. Ente r I fo r one attack pe r rou nd. Ente r 2
the claws did 4 hit points damage and the bite d id 8, fo r twO a ttacks pe r round. Enter 3 for th ree attacks
add them together (4 + 4 + 8) nnd divide by the !.!ve ry twO rounds.
number of attacks (3 in this case), rounding up any Finally, enter exceptio nal strength bonuses in the
fract io ns. fo rm of a decimal ( 18177 would be ente red as
After you type in the damage per attack, a file will 18.77).
automatical1y be crea ted, nnd the program will
ROOM S and WRITE
return to the main menu. Note that the statistics you
The biggest headache in running a dungeon is or-
just entered a rc still in memory, so you could go right
ganizing the maps, room desc ri ptio ns, character
to MELEE if you wished. sheets, combat tables, reference books, index cards,
Lastly, the maxim u m number of monsters which notes and dice in to a system whe re information can
can be in a single file is thirty. be looked up and p rocessed quickly enough to keep
D - DI C E the game from b~gging down. It isn't easy or even
Entering a number of any magnitude, including always possible. This part of th!.! p rogram can help,
negative numbe rs, will generate a random number though, by eliminating the need fo r a lot of that
betwee n that number and one, inclusive. Bye nter- pape rwork .
ing anything other than a number, the program wi1l Th!.! WR ITE fu nction allows you to wri te room
return to the comma nd menu. desc ri ptions, non -player cha racte r sheets, artifact or
treasure d!.!scriptions, or virtually anything you
F IL E DATA and GET DATA want, and save it on d isk. You'd code the files with
Pressi ng ' F' or 'G' will conjure up the reslXc tive the same 3-digit code used for the LOAD ROOM
rou tines fo r saving o r retrieving the character statis- .files, except this filename extende r belongs to a file
tics and dungeon status data stored in memory. I named D:WI TCI-IES. The reason fo r the different
made this a two-step p rocess so that, if !.!ither letter is filenames is so that you could have a room desc rip-
p ressed accidentally, you have a chance to override tion and a monSter dara file with th!.! same code num-
the command. 'Yo will initiate the command, and' N' ber. The iTHent of th is feature was to enable a Dun-
wi ll override and return the program to the geon Master to type his room desc ri ptions and save
comma nd me n u. them o n disk. At the same time, any monste rs in
To file data, type in any legal filename, bur without those rooms would have data files c reated for them
the device call. In other words, if you wanced your with the Sa me room numbe rs. TIle OM would then
filename to be "D:MUR RAY.123", simply type only have to type 'Z' a nd a room n umber to see what
MURRAY. 123. was in the room, and, if combat was likely, to call IIp
1(, when retrieving data, yOll call for a non ~!.!xistent the monSter d ata file through the ENTER ROOM
file, the program will list the files on the disk in the func tion to resolve it.
PAGE 152 THE A .N .A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL,l

You're not limited to a single screen of text, either. Com mand table.
You can write up to 300 lines of text, o r roughly thir~
MOOE COMMAND RESULT
teen screens on a single file. When the file is called 01029 Indicales the number 01 the player
back, only one screen at a time will be displayed; characler's opponen t In combal
pressing any key will display subsequent li nes. MELEE
Pass play 10 ne~t player
To use the WRITE function, type in a code num~
ber. A data file will be created. The screen will clea r,
"32 Return 10 main menu
33 AClivate the Spell FunClion ('S' to
except for a question mark, which is actually an repeat)
Go dlroctly to monSler combat
input prompt. Simply enter one line at a time , press~ 3'
Monster 'N ' Relurn 10 main menu
ing RETU R N at the end of the line. If you want CO
leave blank lines, j ust press RETURN. Whe n you've
Combal?
'" Go to monster combat

fini shed and wa nt to fi le it, press RETURN, type one '"

'R'
Pass play 10 next mons ter
Return 10 ma,n menU
asterisk (*), and press RETURN again. o to 9 IndIcates the monsler's opponent
in combat
To retrieve what you've written, press 'Z' ~ v
ROOMS and type the same code number. W hat o to 9 DIsplays tM lfl(Jlcale<l player's
you'd writte n will be displayed on the sc reen. statistIcs
The applications for this particular functio n are CHARACTER Prepare/put away weapon 0 - put
SHEET away weapon. 1 to 5· weapon num·
many and varied. For example, you could possibly ber prepared
use the keyboard graphics symbols CO create room 'H ' Change Hit Points
diagrams along with the descriptions, Use your 'G' Change GOld PIeces
'S' Change Silver Pieces
imagination, experiment with it , and above all p rac~
'C' Change Copper PIeces
tice usi ng it until the com mands become second 'E' Change Eleclrum Pieces
natu re, I think you'll find that the speed and accur~ 'P' Change Platinum Pioces
acy are well worth the effort. 0
'"
'M'
Go 10 ROOMS function
Go 10 MELEE lunc!lon
'R' Return to MaIn Menu

1 Increments minutes by len

Program outline. DUNGEON 2 Increments hours by one
STATUS 3 Increments days by one
Lines 4·24 - Initialization 'R' Relurn to Marn Menu
Lines 25·75 - Co mba t tables
Lines 80·86 - More Initialization xxx Any three-character alphanumeric
ENTER code calls up and loadS Ihe mon-
Lines 89·98 - In put num ber of players ROOM ster combat statistIcs hied under
Lines 100·550 - Combat routine, combat that code by Ihe LOAD ROOM
functiorl (filename: ·'D:COMBAT
v
table adjustment & multiple a((acks routine XXX )
Lines 1000 · 2050 - Race input and d isplay
Lines 3 000#3 030 - Save character data DICE Any numller General eS a random number be-
tween 1 and the number entered
Lines 3500#3525 - Retrieve character W,II accept negatIve numbers.
data Any leller Return 10 maIn menu

Lines 4000·6045 - Store character data FILE Any legal "Iename Files player character statlslicsand
(Initialization Mode) DATA Dungeon Stalus data under given
fIlename (see teKI for details)
Lines 6200·6900 - Monste r Comba t
Lines 6905~69 1 5 - ENTER ROOM rouP GH Any legal hlename Retfleves player character statis-
DATA tICS and the Dungeon Stalus Dala
tine filed under the given tHename (see
Lines 7000·71 75 - Weathe r, time, date, text lor details)

etc. routines INITIALIZATION Stores statist,cs rn memory per the

Lines 7500·7600 - ROOMS routine hSled Items Nole that 1M player
number muSI be speclhfed lirst, be·
Lines 8050·8075 - D ICE routine fore any other data '5 entered
Lines 8500-8590 - W RITE routine
Lines 9000#9019 - Ma in Com mand Menu LOAD ROOM XXX See ENTER ROOM and teKI

Li n es 9505·10065 - Character Sheet dis· WRITE xxx Allows you to type up to th,rteen
play and input screens lull of ted and save it 10
dIsk under a Ihroo-character alpha·
Lines 15000-15040 - LOAD ROOM roup rlUmar>c code I Irlenama·
tine " 0 WITCHES XXX)

Lin es 20000· 20005 - Input Error Han - ROOMS XXX Allows you 10 re1rieve the text hied
dier under the gIven code by theWRITE
lunction
Lines 3 0000·30055 - Disk directory
lister
........,. VOl. 1 TH E A.N. A.l. O.G . COMPEND IUM PAGE 153

4 CRAPHICS l : POSITIO. 4,12:POK£ 78',8: '5 If .UH)= A& T EM IF MUH(A18 THEN '88
POICE 718,8 :? 116;"PlEASE NAIT":TRAP 288 o
••
18 DI" CT(28.18),ASC18),8Se19),CS(19)
'8 COTO 8'
188 CMO$:STR$(P):CND$(l,l):CHR$(ASC(CM
OSU L l))+128)
DS(18"ESeI8),FSe19),CSeI8',HS(10),JS(
18),ICSe18),YSeJ),ACe18).le18),HPe18) 185 KElURN
15 DI" CpeI8',Spe18',CPCI8"PP(18',EP( 118 IF J=34 THEN 6288
18),H"CI8) . OMe18J,AArl0), STel0) , WOe18, 112 RETURN
5), C UO) , Hl, ,AZS (5), S8 (8) 158 ? "~" : FOA P:A8 TO MUM:! : POkE 718,
16 DIM ACArl0),W( 1 8',AlS(2' , MO.e48, SI:POICE 18' , 6&:POkE 712,58:GOSUB 180
2.01" CHOS(125 ), I .C18),WICI8',DK(18" 151 If HPCP'{ : A8 THEM IF HPCP')-Al& TH
CN(18),CHCI0),N$(2"T$(5"A$(5'~AAS(2' E. ? "t:lM'Uli_"; CMOS;" IS UNCONSCIOU S" :
,BU (2" ccS (2' ,00$ (2) ,E ES (2', fF~ (2) ? : COlO" :ho
2201" CC$(2),HHSC2),JJ$C 2 J,KIC$(2J,MUH 152 IF HP CP) (-A' THEM ? "1!Jt'O:1"H:W"; CI1D$
$(5) , AHS(2),ClS(15J,RA$CI0' , &ES(7),CEe ;" HAS 8EE. kILLED." :? :GOTo'-119
18"HEC18,2' t WE(18"ATTr19)LATTl(18J 153 ? , ," 31 - PAS S .. ·., " J2:
23 AM$: .. A... ·: (1':8 : T(2,:8:A£$ : "0:" RETURN" :? " -3 3 : SPELL:':? "
24 01" 'A$(12),&B$eI2),CC$(1 2 ) , &0$eI2' 34 : HO.S TER" ',
.CL$C12',CF$(12' , CH$C12),CI$(12"CJ$CJ 154 IF W(P' : 5 S8ep)
2),GICSC12',H1(28.16) 155 TRAP 28888 .. , S OP
25 fOA E:l TO 18:FOR K:28 TO 1 STEP - 1 PO.ENT·' ; : I.PUT : IF J:
.,
: REAO .:CTCK ,E ' : N:MEKT K: .[Kl E:ACJ:AC
26 FOR E:l TO 16:fOR K:20 TO 1 STEP - 1
JJ THEN 310
156 GO Sua J18:If J:37 THEN '888
157 If J :J3 THEN ? "HOW MANY HP DAMAGE
:AEAO N: HTCK ,E ' : N:NEKT K: NEMT E II. :INPUl K:? "AGAIMST WHICH MON STER";:
38 DATA 18,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18.1'. I'PUT E:HOMCE+4':MONCE+4'-K:GOTO 15'
28,28,28.28,28,28,21.22,23.24,18,11,12 158 'OTO 161
,13,14,15,16,17,18,1',28,28.20,20,28 15' ? :., "TO REPEAT w:m. PRE SS'S ' '':
J:E : OPEN IIl,4 , 8 ,"IC :" : GET Ul , K: ClOSE 111
35 DATA 28,21,22,23,24,8,',18,11,12,13
, 14,15,16,17,18,1' , 28 ,2 8 ,28,2 0,28,20 ,2 :IF K: 8 l THEN ? :J:33: GOTO 157
1,22,8 , ',18, 1 1,1 2,13 ,14, 15,16,17, 18 168 'OTO J18
48 DATA 1',20,20,78,28,28,28,21,22 , 6,7 161 AC : MONCJ':If AC(:AI8 THEN IF AC )=-
,a,' , 18!11,1 2,13, 14,15,16 , 17,18 , 1',28 , A' THEN O: AS
28,28 28, 7 8,78 , 6, 7, 8",18,11 ,12, 13,14 162 If J{O OR J ) MOM(J) - 1 THEN? "8 - "
4S OA t A 15 , 16 , 17,18,1',28 ,2 8,28 ,2 8,28, ;MONCU-l·". TRY AGAIN . ": ? :C010 154
28,4,5,6,7,8,',18,11,12,IJ,14,15,16,17 164 IF 0 ($ A5 THEM ? ''!JTAY AGAIN .":? : F
,18,1',28,28 ,2 8,28,4,5,6,7 , 8,',18,11 OR I =Al TO 588:NEXT I:? "III":GOTO 154
58 DATA 12,13,1 4 ,15 .16, 17,1 8,1',28,28, 165 If W(P' : A8 lHE. ? "PLAYER ";P;" 00
28,2',2,3,4,5,6,7,8,',10,11,12,13,14,1 E5.' T HAUE A WEAPON READY" :"! "WEAPON";
SL I6 ,17,18,18,20,28,2,3,4,S,6.7,8,' :I.PUT W:IF W{AO OR W) A5 THE. 165
5~ DATA 18 , 11.12,13,14,15 , 16,J7,18 , 1' , 166 If WCP' : 8 THEN wep, =W:'OTO 118
28,28,8,I,2,J,4,5,6,7,8,',18,Jl,12,13, 28& IF CCP):AJ OR CCP):A2 OR C(P' : A3 T
14,J5,16,17,18,1',8,I,2,J,4,5,6,7,8 HEM AC1 : AC+18:H:C T(AC1 , lCP)':'OTO J88
68 DATA ',18.11,12,11.14,15,16,J7,18,1 285 IF CCP':A7 OR CCP):A8 THEN 21'
',-2,-I,8,I,2,3,4,S,6.7,8,',18,11,12,1 286 If CCP':A' OR CCP':A18 THEM 22'
3 L I4 , 15,16 L J 7,-2 , - I , O, t ,2,J, 4 ,5,6, 7 218 IF lCPJ=A3 OR lCP):A4 OR LCPJ=A5 T
6~ DATA 8,~ , t&.11 , 12,13 , 14.15,16,17,-4 HE. 0:- 1
, - 3 ,-2,-I, 8,J,2 ,3, 4 ,5,6,7, 8,',10 , J1 , 12 211 IF l(P' : A6 OA lCP' =A7 OR lCP' =A8 T
L I3 , 14 , 15, - 4 .-3,-2 , - I , O, I ,2 , J, 4,5,6 , 7 HE. 0: - A2
D6 DATA 8,',J8,11 , 12 , 1 3 ,J4 . 1 5 ,-6 ,-5,- 4 212 IF l(P':A' OR l(P):AI8 OR l(PJ : l1
,- 3 ,-2,- 1,8,1 ,2,3 ,4,5,6 , 7 ,8,',1 8,11,12 THEN D: - A3
,13, - 6, -5,- 4 .-3,-2, - 1,0,1,2,3 , 4,5,6 21J IF l(P):17 OR lCP':13 OR lCP):14 T
67 DATA 7 , 8.' 19 11,12,13 18 11 12 , 13 HE. 0 : - A4
1' , 15 , 16,17 , 18,1 ' ,'9,'0,'8, ' 8 , '8 , '0,.1 214 If L(PJ:15 OR lCP' :16 OR l(P):17 T
22,23 ,2 4,',10,11,12 , 13,14 , 15 , 16,17 HEN O:-AS
• 8 OA1A 18 , 1' ,2 9, 78,29 ,2 8,28,28 , 21,27 , 215 IF lCP' : 18 lHEM 0 : - A6
23,8,',I&,Jl,12,IJ,14.1S,16,17,18,1',2 216 AC1 : AC+18 : 01:l(PJ+D:H:CTCAC1 , Ol):G
0,20 , 28 ,2 8 ,20,1. &, 21 ,22,7,8,',1 0 , 11 , 12 OTO 300
6' DATG 13,1' ,15, 16,1 7,18,1 ' ,2 8 ,28 ,2 8 , 21' If l(P'{Al lHEM D: AO
28,28,2&,21,6,7,8,',10,Jl,12,13,14,1S, 228 IF lCP':A3 OR l (P' =A4 OR lCP) : A5 0
16 ,17. 18,1 ',28 ,78,28, 2 0 ,20,2& A lCP' : A6 THEM D: - A2
78 DATA 5,6,7 , 8,',18,11,12 , IJ , 14 . 15,16 221 IF l(P):A7 OR l CP) : A8 OR lCP' : A' 0
, 17,18 ,1',78, 28 ,2 8 ,28,28,3, 4,S,6,7,8,' R lCP' : A18 lHE. 0: - A4
,1· 11,12,IJ,14,15,16,17,18,1,,20,28
/1 6ATA 28,3,4,5,6 , 7.8.' , 18 , 11,12,IJ,1
222 IF L(P':11 OR lCP':12 OR lrp' :13 0
A lCP):14 TH EN D: - A6
4 , 15.16,17 ,1 8 ,1' ,28,2& ,2 8 .3, 4 . 5,6,7 , 8 , 223 If LCP' : 15 OR lCP' : 16 OR lCPJ :17 0
',18,11 ,12,13 .14,15 ,16 ,17 , 1 8, 1',28 , 28 R LCP' :18 THEM 0: - A8
72 DATA 20,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 , ',18,1J,12,IJ 22401:lCP)+D:ACl:AC+A18:H:CTCAC1,Dl':
,14,15,J6,17,18,1',28,28,8,I,2,3 L 4,S,6 FOA E: Al TO A8:1f 01 :E THEN H: H+Al
,7,8" ,18 ,11,12, 1 3, 14 ,15, 16 , 1 7, 1~ ,1 ' 225 NEKT E:COTO 108
7J DATA 1,1. 2,3, 4 ,S,6,7 , 8,' , 10,11,12. J 22' If lep) ( AJ THEM D: A8
3 ,14 ,15, 16 ,17 ,18 ,1' ,- J,8 . 1 ,2,3, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 238 If lCP' : A3 THEN D:-Al
L 8 " t 10 ,11,12,1J,J4,15,16 L 17,18 2Jl If l(P':A4 OR lCP':A5 OR lCP':A6 0
14 OaTA -1,O , I,2. J, 4,5,6. I,8 ,',18,11.1 A lCP':A7 THEN 0 =- A3
2,13,1',15,J6,17,18,-2,-I,8,1,2,3,4,5. 212 If l CP) =A8 OR lCP' : A' THEN D: - A4
6,7,8.',10 , 11,1 2,J3,14, 1 5,16,17 211 IF lCP' : AI8 OR L (P' : 11 OR L(P':12
75 DATA -3,-2,-1, 9 , 1 ,2 , 3, 4 ,5 ,6,7,8 , ' , 1 THEN D: - A6
°tI111 2 ,1 3,1 4,1 5, J6 234 I F l(P) :IJ OR lCP' : 14 THE. 0 : - A8
8w A =1 :A 8 =A1 - Al:A 2:Al+Gl:A J= AZ+Gl : A4 : 21S IF LCP' : 15 OR lCP':16 OR lCP':17 T
A3+ Al : AS =A3+A2 : A6:A 5 +Al:A7 : A5+A2:A8 =A4 HE. O=-A'
+A4:A'=A5+A4:AI0:A5+A5:Al1:A6+A5 236 IF l(P':18 THEM 0 : - A18
85 G12 =A2*A6 :A1J =G6+A7:A14 : A7*A7 :AJS: G 237 D1 :L(P '+O ; ACl =AC+ A18 : H=C TCACJ,OI) :
3*A5:AI6=G7*A8:GI7:A'+A8:AI8=A3*A6:Al' fOR E:Al TO A18 : IF D1:E THEN H: H+Al
: AJO+A' : A2B : AI0*A 2: GRAPHJC S e 2J8 MEMT E:fOR E=16 TO 18:IF 01 :E THE.
86 POKE 82, 2 H: H+A1
8' TRAP 8':POKE 712 , 128:POKE 71 8,128:P 23' NEXT E
DICE 7S2, At: ') II~":PO S ITIO" J.J. , l2.:? "~HO
W MANY PLAY ERS"; : UPUl NUM:.UM=NUM-A1
PAGE 154 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPEN DI UM VOL. 1

~'8 5WING =INT(28*RNOCAl)+Al)+"M'P) : IF 3581 IF J=8' THEN 3 505

NCP':5 THEM SWIN' =SWINC - HHCP) : swrNC=5W 3582 IF J=78 THEN ~088
INC+RACP) 3583 GOTO 3589
381 1 "":";":? "SMINC=";5NI NC 3585 CLO S E P J: TRAP 38998: 1 "1!j" : PO SITIO
382 If SWINe) =" THEN OA~I.T(WD(P,W(P) N 48,11:? "WH4T IS THE NAME Of THE": PO
)*RNDCAl1+Al)+DMCP):If WCPJ =5 THEN DAM SITJON A8 , 12: ? "DATA fILE";: INPUT CMOS
=DtIIM- DMCP) 3586 AZS ="D:": AZS (J, 3-+LEN (CHOS» =C MOS :
385 IF SWIlIG >=" THEil ? "l1li HIT ! ": ? "OAK ~IO 3,#3.4.0 , AZ$ : FOR J=Al TO 128 : GET U v
AGE = '" DAM'" HIT POINTS" 3,R : NE~T J
386 IF SWiNe >=" THEN KONCJ+41 =HON(J+,.) 35'7 FOR £ =49 TO HUM:INPUT U3 . J:ACCE' =
- DAM: If MOil (J+", (:8 THEN ? "YOU' VE KIl J:INPUT U3 . J:CCEJ=J:IHPUI U3,J : HPCE'= J
LED IT!!" : IltPUl UltJ:HMCE'=J : IHPUT U3,J : DMCEJ =J
387 If WCP,=S THEN WEHT CMD 3 5 98 INPU U3,J : RACE' = J:INPUI U3,J:ACA
388 IF ATTl(Pl =8 THEN 558 CE) =J:IHPUT U3,J :S8CEl=J:INPUT U3 ,J:L(
30' If ATTl(P' ) O THEN 589 E'=J:INPUT U3 ,J: STCE' =J
318 WEHT P : TCA2] : TCA 2 )+AJ 350' INPUT U3 . J:INC E' =J :INPUT U3 ,J:WI(
312 ? : 1 "PRE SS lIMV KEY TO CONTINU[":O E' =J:INPUT U3 , J:OH(E' =J:INPUI U3.J:W(E
>
PE N UI 4,8 " K:" : CET tU , E : Cl05E Ul : If f ) =J : .INPUT Ul L J: GP (E' =J
L L 3511 INPUT U~ , J: S P[EJ = J:INPUI U3 , J : CP(
=0 THt:lI 6;.:88
588 I f ATTCP):2 THE N ATTl(P, =9:GOTO 15 EJ =J:INPUI U3,J : PPCE' =J:INPUT U3,J: EP(
1 E'=J:INPUT U3 , J : CNCE' = J
583 IF ATTl(P' : 2 THEN ATTl(P) =8:GOTO 1 3512 INPUT U3,J:CH(E'=J:INPUT Ul,J:ATT
51 (E'=J:INPUT U3,J : WECE'=J:INPUT U3, J:HE
585 If ATTl(P':J THEN AT11(PJ =2:G 0 1 0 1 CE , Ol =J:IHPUl #3,J:Hf(f,l' = J
19 3514 INPUT U3,J:GE(E' = J: N E~ T E
550 ATTl(P' : ATT(P) : GOTO 310 3516 INPUT "3 · •• S 88S , CCS 00$ EE$,ff $
1 880 ON P-+Al GOTO 1085,1810, 1 015 , 18 28 , GGS~HHS,JJS . KKS , O~ , 8$ , Cs,6 $, E~,F S ,liS , ~
1825 , 1038 , 183 5 , 1048,1845 ,10 5 0 S , J~ , KS,Z,M.T : T(11 = T
1905 INPUT GAS RETURN 3517 INPUT U3;K : T( 2 ) =K:IltPUT U3 ;AHS.Y
1910 INPUT GOS RETURN 3529 FOR J=l TO 5 : fDR £ =8 TO NUH : INPUT
1815 INPUT CCS RETURN U3;ND:WD(E , J' =WD : NEHT E:HE~T J
1 92 0 INPUT GDS RETURN 3522 INPUT Ul ; GAS,GBS,GCS,GO S , GLS , GF$ ,
1825 INPUT GLS RETURN GHS . GIS,GJS , GKS v
103e INPUT GFS RETURN 1 525 CLO SE U3:FOR E=. TO HUM : ATTl(£, =A
193 5 INPUT GHS RETURN TT(E' : NE~T E : GOTO '088
1949 INPUT CIS RETURN 4880 '1 ""A PLAVER NUHDER" " L GENDER ":
1845 INPUT GJS,R£TURN ? " 0 PLAYER NAME", " '" HEIGHT": ? " C CLAS
1958 INPUT GK S :R ETURN 5" , " ","N WEIGHT"
2888 ON P-+l GOTO 28 05, 2 810 ,2 81 5,2 9 2 0,2 4810 ? "0 ALICNHENT" , "O LEIVEL" :? "E ST
0 25 ,2 0 38,2835 ,2 848 ,2 045, 2 0 5 8 RENGTH", "P ARHOR CLASS ": ? "F I1HElL I GE
28 85 1 If f... I f i GA $ : RETURN
NC E","Q HIT MODIf I ER"
20 18 1 " UH "; G8 S :R ETUAM 4820 1 " G WI SD OM"' , It " , "R DAtt MODIfI ER"
2015 1 "f... " : GC$ : RETURN :? " H DEHTERITV"." S AC ADJU STMENT" :? "
2028 ? tlf... "; liD$: RETURN I CON STITUTION" ," T R/ A BONU S "
20 25 1 " f... ".; GLS : RETURN 4830 1 " J C HARI S ~","U ATTACK S/ ROUND":
283 0 ? "f... " ; liF S: RETURIt ? "K RACE" ," " , "U WEAPON" : 1 tt " , . " N 110

·' t...
283 5 1 "f...
2 048 ? ·'f . ..
" f •••
"; GHS : RETURN
";C IS : RETURN
"; CJS :RETURM
" j CKS : RETURN
" I!j" : PO S ITION 8 , 11 : 1 ''(3 {J]g
NTH"
.4100
48 1 5 ? , , " H YEAR":1 "'Y RETURN 10 MENU
PO SITION 1 , 1 7:? "HEAOIN G? " : OP£N U
1 , 4 t .... K: .. :6ET U3.J :CLOS E 1I1:IF J ( 65 0
R J 1 8' THEN 4190
POSITION 8 , 12: ? " AR E YOU SUR
"K : ":C[T Pl,J : CLOSE PI 41 05 PO SITION 22 ,18
TRAP 30 04 : GOTO 3 804 4186 ON J - 64 Goro 4118 411 5 41 2 9 4125
' 008 41 1 0 . 41 15 ,4148,414 5 ,41S0 , 41~5 , 41~8,41A
5,4170,41 75,4188,418 5 ,41'0,41'5 , 4 280

~~~i:t:iif:':i155)
4107 ON J - 83 G010 4 285,4 2 1 8, 4 215 ,4 2 8 5,
: ? "I!j ":
THE NAME Of PO
THSITION A8 , 11
E": PO S ITION 42 ' 0,4 2 ' 5
fIlE "; : INPUT CMO S 4188 GO TO 4880
: AZS= "O:" : AZS (1 , 3 -+LEN ( CM 41101 "fPLAYER NUHBER"' : IHPUT P
411 2 IF P { A8 OR P) A' lHtN ~ "t8 TO "
Ul , 8 , 8,AZS: f OR J =Al TO 1 26: P PLEA SE - TRY AGO III" : fOR E=Al 10 A58: NE
Ul , Q: NEKl J XT E :? "t": 1 :GOTO 4110
3810 fOR E=AO TO NUM : PRINI Ul,AC(E, ; TS 4113 IF P) NUM THEN NUM=P
;C 4114 GO TO 4880
(E'CE) •' TS •' HPCE) . ' T$,' HHCE) "'TS 'O N(E' "'TS ' RA
4115 ? " tPLAYER MAttE";: ON P -+tI1 GO SU8 6
191 2 PAINT Ul i ACA(E' ; TS ;S 8CE' ; TS;LC E) ; 888,680S,6818 , 6815 L 6820,602S ,6 010 ,6 0 J5
TS;S TCE) ; TS; INCE) ; TS ' WICE) ; TS'OK(El , 6848 , 6945:liOTO 40uO
181 5 PAINT Ul ; WCE)iTS ; GPCE'iTS; SP(E' ; T 4128 1 "fClA SS " ; :liO SUB 5508:GOI0 4808
S; C P(E) ; TS; P P ( EJ;T ~; EP( E ';T ~ ; C N(E) 4125 1 " fALIGNMEHT ";: IN P UT Al S:CO SUB 5
3816 PRINT Ul' CH(E';T S; ATT( £ l ; T$ ;WE( El 880:GOTO 4000
;TS ; HE( E ,OJ ; d;H £ (E ~ ll ; TS ; G E C £ ) : N E KT E 41 3 0 ? "f STR ENCiTH"': I NPUT E: ST(P, =E :GO
TO 4888 '
3 81 7 PRINT UliAAS;T~iBBS ; lS ;CC S ; T$ ; DO$
'I S'E E S ' TS ' FF~ ' T S' GG ~ 4 1 35 ? "tINIELLIGEN CE" ; :INPUT E:IHCP )=
3818 PRiNT'UliHHS ; TSi J J$ i T$ ; KK Si TSiA$ ; £:GOTO 4880
T$;8S;TS ; CS;T ~ ' OS'TS ; ES ; T S; fS i T ~; G$ 4140 '? " tWISDO",' ;: INPUT E: WI (Pl =E : GOTO
30 2 0 PRIMT ~ ' HS , t$ ' J S 'T $' KS ' T S'Z' T $' " 4088
; TS ; T (I' " , . ,"" 414 5 ~ "fO£~T E RITY" ; :I"PUT E:DI«Pl =E: G
3821 PRUT #1 ; TC2' :PRINT Ul;AK$ ; T$ ; V OTO 4888
302 2 FOR J =Al TO A5 : FOR E=A9 TO NUH:PR 4158 1 " tCON 5 TITUlIOM" ; :UPUI E: CN( P' =
INT al ; NDCE , JJ : NEXT E : NEKT J E :G OTO 4908
1825 PRINT Ul ' GA $i lS 'G 8S i TS' GC$; TS 'G OS 4155 ? "f CHARISt'tA" j :INPUT E:C H(P) =E :G O
j~~iGLS ; TS;GF$ ; TS; G H S; TS;C I! ;T S jGJ!; l S TO 4880
41 6 0 ? "fRACE";: GOS U8 1089: GOTO 4888
3 8 1 0 CLO S E "I:ENO 416 5 ? "fGENDER" ;: INPUT GE S : If 6E$="""
3 500 ? "I!j" : PO S ITION 8, 11 :? ''C ~ OR GE S=" I1AlE" THEN GECP) = l:GOTO 4808
[!l!II!il" : POSITION 8 .12: ? It ARE YOU SUR 416 7 If GES ="F" OR GES ="F EMA l f" THEN G
E'1": OP EN Ul . 4 , 8," IC: " :G ET Ul ,J : CLO SE Ul £ CP' =2 :G OTO 4089
4 170? "fHEIGHT (fEEn " ; : INPUl J: HE( P.
 VOl. 1 TH E A.N.A .l.O.G . COMPE NDI UM PAGE 155

8J:J:POSITIOIiI 2'.1':? "'CINCHESl"; :UP 6227 IF SWING):H THEil ? "A HIT! ! " : OA~
UT J:HECP ll : J:GOTO 4800 nIT (MON U6J *RJIIO (Al] -tAl) :? "DAMAGE : ";
4175 ? "'WEIGHT" ;: INPUT J:MECP] : J:GOTO OAM j " HP": ? : ?
4000 6230 If ~WIN(; (H THEN ? "A "ISS!": ? :?
4188 ? "'lE1JEl"j : INPUT E:lCP] : E:GOTO 4 :'OTO 68'5
000 6235 HP(P] : HPCP) - DAH :D AM=O
4185 '? "'ARMOR ClASS"j:INPUT E:AC(P) :E 6a'5 IIEMf x
: GOTO 4088 6'00 N[XT [: ? :? "PAE ~S ANV KEV TO CON
41'8 '? "'HIT f'KlDlfIER"j:INPU1 E:H"CP] : TIICU[":OPEN Ul . ~ , 8."IC:" : (iET Ul.E:ClOSE
E:GOTO .. 088 Ul :I F E):O THE" '088
4H5 7 ·'tDAt'kIGE MODIfIER"j :INPU1 E:D"( 6'85 TRAP 38808:? """:P05ITION 2.12:?
PJ:E:GOTO 4980 "NKAT 15 THE ROOM IIUMB EA";: INPUT CNDS
4290 ? "'AC ADJUSTMEn";: IMPUT E: ACA(P 6'10 CLO SE IU :AZS:"D: COMBAT.": AZS UB, 1
' : E:GOTO "080 8-tlEN(CMD$]] :C ~S:HIO 3 Ul,4.8 AZS
428 5 '? "tR I A BONUS"; :INPUT E:RA(PJ:E:G 6'15 fOR E: l TO 48:IIPUt Ul.J:MON(E) : J
OTO .. 000 :IEKl E:CLOSE Ul:'OTO ,a88
"210 '? "ttllTTtII CK5/ TUAN" ;: INPUT E:AT1CP] 7888 f =IMT(lBB*RMOCAl]]-tAl:E: IMTC38*RII
=E:(;010 .. 088 o (Al)] +U
4215 '? "fWEAPOM DAMAGE": '? ". ·t+WEAPON U 7112 ON M 'OTO 7883,7903.788'.788'.788
l"':IMPUT E:WOCP Al] : E: ? "++WEAPDM *'2" 4.7085.7885.7885,7805 ,788'.788".7'83
; :fHPUT E:WOCP,A2):E 7883 K: INT(2S*RNOCA1)]:GOTO 7888
4278 ? "++WEAPON 11-3"j :INPUT E:I«)(P.Al) 780. X: INTC25*RJIIO(Al]+ Z5 ) :GOTO 7888
: f :"" WEAPON U4" ;: INPUT E:WOCP,A"':E 7805 H: IN1C33*RNO(Al)+60) :GOTO 7808
4280 ? .. WEAPON US"; :HIPUT E:WIHP,A5) 7888 OL =PEEK(568)-t256*PEEK(561) :8: PEEK
: E :? "NUMBER Of HITS PER ROUMD" j : IMPUT COL-tA4):C : PEEK(DL+A5):POKE S5',A8:POKf
E:5B(P':E:GOTO 4888 Ol+A4 . B:POKf Dl.A 5,C:P OKE Ol-tA3,66
4 285 ? ",KON1 H" ; :INPUT M:G010 4808 788' POKE Ol-tA6 , A6 : POK E Ol.A7,A6 : POKE
' 2'0 ? "'V EAA" ;: INPUT V:C OTO "880 Ol-t1 3, A6:POKE Ol-t14,A6:POKE Dl-t15,A6:P
. n5 GOTO '888 OkE Dl.16 , A6: POKE DL.2 ' .65
5 808 If P=AO THEN AAS:ALS 7810 POKE OL-t38 . PEEK( 568 ):POKE Dl-t 3 1 .P
5082 If P=Al THEN BBS : ALS EEK(561) :POKE 55' .3 " :P OKE 7~e.128:POkE
588 .. If P: A2 THEN CCS:ALS 712,128:? "". OUNGEO" S TATUS" :?
5886 If P =A3 THEN DOS:ALS 7811 IF 0: A3 THEN 0 : A8:GOTO 7815
5 8 08 IF P: A.. THEN EES=AL$ 7812 IF H(3 0 THEN IF f(:60 1HEN If A):
5810 If P: A5 THEN FFS=ALS 188 TH EI ? "tWEATHER : SNOW " : 0: 0
581 2 IF P: A6 THEN GGS:ALS i-1: (iOTO 7025
SOl' If P:A7 THEN HHS : ALS 791 l IF X):30 THEM If X(:3 .. THEN If f (
5816 If P: A8 THEN JJS=ALS : 68 THEN IF A): J88 THEil ? "'WEATHER:
5818 If P:A' THEI KkS:ALS SLEET ": 0';:0-t1 : COTO 7 825
58 2 0 RETUAN 7814 I f F( : 68 THEN I f A):1 88 THEN '? '"
5508 INPUT CLS : If CLS:"fIGHTER" OR CLS WEATHER : RAIl ": 0 : 0+ 1: GOTO 7825
: "f" THEI C(PJ:Al 7815 If F)30 THEil? "WEATHER : fAIR":
558 5 If CLS:"RAIiIGEA" OR CLS : "A" THEN C 0 =8 : A:8: G010 7825
CP' : A2 7820 If f (:3 0 THEN'? "WEATHEA: CLOUDV"
5510 If ClS:" PALAOIIiI" OR CLS : "P" THEN :lET A: A+188
CCPJ:A3 7825 ? "WIIID: "; E; " MPH"
- 5515 If ClS : "CLERIC" OA CLS:"C" THEIiI C
(P) : A ..
78.6 ? "TEMPERATURE: ";K
7158 '? .... DUNGEOII TIME"

- 5529 If ClS: "OAUIO" OA ClS : "O" 1HEII C (

P) : A5
5525 If CLS : "NOlk" OR CLS : "'f" THEM C(P
) : A6
7153 ? "",VEAR : ";V:? ",..,NTH : " ; M: ? "0
AV : " ;Z : ? :? "TUtE : ";T(Al) ;": ";T(A
2J ;" "jAMS
7180 J : A8:0PE" Ul . ' ,I, "K:":GET Ul,J:CL
5538 I f CLS';: "THIEf" OR CLS ';: "T" 1HEII C ( OSE Ul:If CHRS(J):"R" THEN '088
Pl 7185 If J: .. , THEN 7115
ClS:"A55ASSII" OR ClS:o'A" THEN 7112 If J :58 THEN 1lA1):T(Al]-tAl:GOTO
7128

- ~ ;!,~:;~~:~~~:1~:::i~~~~:~::~~;:f.0A
7113 If J :5 1 THEN Z=Z +Al:GOTO 7 128
(P] : A' 7U .. GOTO 7188
OR CLS:"ICJ"
CLS:"I" 01 7115 T(A2) : T(A2).UAl(CHAS(J)]*AI0
7128 IF TCA2J ):68 THEN 1(A2):T(A2)-61:
T (AlJ : T (AJ)-tU
:RETURN 7125 If T(Al) : 11 THEN T(A3] : A3
INPUT :RETURN 7130 IF TlAl] : 12 THEN If TCA3) : A3 THEN
INPUT :RETURN If AMS ';:"AM" THEil AHS : "P"": T(A3) : A8 :GO
INPUT : RETURN TO 7145
I NPUT :RETUAN 7135 If T(Al] =A12 THEM If T(AI] : A3 THE
N If AMS : "PH'" THEN AMS : "AM": Z: Z+Al: T CA
3) : A8
71.5 If T(Al]:13 THEN T(Al ) =Al
7 158 If Z: 31 THEN Z: Al:"="+Al
7155 If M: 1 3 THEN M: Al:V : V+Al
7175 GOTO 7888
7588 AZS :"O:WI TCHES. " :? ""ROOM NUP1BER"
E Ul: ;:IIIPUT C"OS :AZS ( lJ,11+LENCCHOS)) =CMD$
6201 : POKE 719,290:POKE 79' ,1' 4 : POK [ 712,8
6283 7$05 TRAP 38808:CLOSE Ul:O PEN Ul,~.O.A
6218 fOR - I :? :Jf "ONCE+4 ZS :" .. " ..
) (:8 THEN
LED": ? :? :1:1
"~rit'\' ; E ;" HAS BEEI KIL
6212 FOA H: l TO NON US) : 7 ' 1: [11:..,13:1 " ;f
;"'5 OPPON ENT" : OPEN UJ. .... 0 ." k: 7 ':tET U3
,J:CtOSE U3 :If J:88 THEil 6'80
6215 If J:82 THEN '000
6218 If J ( 48 OR J )57 THEN 6212
6220 If 1JAlCCHRS ( J ])IUH THEN 6212 Q4 ,J:C I.OSE U
6225 P =UAL(CHR$(J)]:5WIN' =INT(29_AMO(G
1'+Al] :H =HT (aCCP)+10.MONl2')
PAGE 156 THE A .N.A .l.O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. ,
J

7688 CLOSE Ul:0PEI 07 4,8 "K:":&ET tn, '5" (;010 H88

J : CLOSE U2:If J)=8 THtl ,888 '688 ? A$ (;OTO '518
885IDL=PEEKCS68]+256*PEEKC561]:8=PEEK '681 1 8$ GOTO '518
CDL+4):C =PEEKCDL+S):POKE 55',8:POK£ DL '682 ? C$ COTO '518
+(,8:POKE DL+5,C:POKE DL+3,66 '68l ~ 0$ GOTO '518
8855 POKE DL+IZ,7:POKE Dl+13,7:POKE DL '684 1 E$ CO TO '510
+14,7:POK£ DL+15,7:POKE DL+23,65:POKE '685 1 f$ COTO '518
DL+24,PEEK(568):POKE DL+25 , PEfK(561) '686 1 ,S COTO '518
8868 POKE SS' ,3 4:POKE 87,8:POKE 718,1' '687 1 H$ GOTO '518
2:POKE 712,1'2 '688 1 J$ COTO '518
8865 TRAP "88:1 """:POSITIOI 2,8:1 "R '68' 1 K$ GOTO '518
ANDO" NUMBEA'" : INPUT RN '618 1 " •• HfI'HTEA" : COTO '511
8.78 ? "iii": POSITIOI 2,8: E=IIT CRN*RIO (8 '611 1 " •• HRANGER": GOTO '511
'+1):~ "MU . . EA = ",[ '612 1 " •• "PALAOIN": GOTO '511
8875 FOR E=1 TO 15i:NEKT [:COTO 8.65 '61l 1 .... HCLERIC": 'OTO '511
8588 POKE 718 , 288:POI[ 78',1'7:POKE 71 '614 1 " •• HORUIO": GOTO '511
2,e '615 1 OI • • • tttOIIIIK":COTO '511
8528 AZ$=" D:WITCHES.":? """:1 "NttAT IS '616 1 " ••• tTHIEf":60TO ''511
THE ROOM lUMBER"; : INPUT CMOS n17 1 ... HtASSA'iSIM": GOTO '511
8538 QZ$Cl1,II+lEICC,..,$]] =CMD$:OPEM ~ '618 ~ " •• ltMAGIC-U'iER":GOTO '511
.8 ,O,AZ$ n1' 1 .... ltIlLUSIONI'ST .. : (;OTO '511 v
85(0 1 "iii" Hao POSITION 3,22 : 1 "COtttMII01";: OPEIi
8558 INPUT CMO$ 01,4,8,"K:":6ET 01.K:CLOS[ 01
8568 IF CND$="*,' THEI 85'8 '782 IF K=77 THEIIII 158
8578 1 tl1; CNDS '784 IF X=82 THEN '088
8588 &OTO 8558 '785 If X=7 1 THEN 10888
85'8 CLOSE Ul : GOTO '8.0 '786 IF X=83 THEN 18818
'.88 TAAP 20188:GRAPHICS O:POKE 712,12 '787 IF X=67 THEN 18828
8:POKE 718,128:POIE 78',148 : POKE 752,1 '788 If K=88 THEN 18818
'.81 1 """:POSITIOI • 5:1 "HM = MELEE '78' If X=6' THEIIII 18848
": 1 ".U = CHARACTER SHEET": 1 ".s = DUI '718 IF X=72 THEN 10858
GEON STATUS":? ".E = EITER ROOM" '711 IF X=87 THEN 10860 v
'882 1 ".0 = DICE":? ".f = fILE DATA": '712 If X='8 THEN 7588
1 lit' = 'ET DATA":1 ".1 = IllTIAlIZATI '715 IF X( 48 OR X)57 THE. '788
0.": 1 ".L = LOAD AOO",' '730 P=VAL(CHR$(K)]:GO'iU8 188:'OTO '58
'883 1 ".Z = AOOMS" : 1 ".W = NAITE" 5
'884 1 ..... CO"""ND1 .. ; '888 POSITION 36,2: 1 AA$:(;OTO '512
"87 CLOSE IU: TAAP 28888: OPEN Ul,
K:":'ET Ul ,C " : CLOSE 01:IF CND=6' H"
(tet" 'S82 POSITION 36,2:1 8B$ : &OTO '512
'884 POSITION 36,2:1 CC$ : &OTO '512
6US '886 POSITION 36,2:1 DO$:GOTO '512
'888 IF CND=83 THEI 7888 '888 POSITION 36,2:1 [[$:COTO '512
'88' If C. . =68 THEI 8858 '818 POSITION 36,2:? ff$:GOTO '512
'818 If CMD =7 1 THE. 3588 '812 POSITIOIIII 36,2:1 C&$:GOTO '512
'.12 If CMD=7 7 THE" 158 '814 POS]TIOIIII 36,2:1 HH$:COTO '512
'813 IF CHO=73 THEN 4888 '816 POSITION 36,2:? JJ$:COTO '512
'814 If CHO =78 THEI 3888 '818 POSITION 36 2:1 Kk$ : C010 '512
'815 If CMO:76 THEI 15088 18888 ? .. COLD ~IECES"; : INPUT J:CPCP)
'816 If CHO='8 THEN 7588 =J :GOTO '585
'.17 IF CMD =87 THEI 85 •• 18818 ? I t SIlVEA PIECES";: IMPUT J : SP C
,e18 If CMD«(8 OR CHD)57 THEN '188 P)=J:COTO '585
'81' P=UAL(CHR$CCMD]) :COSU8 188 18828 ?" COPPER PIECES"; : INPUT J:CPC
'585 POKE 712 t P*16+ ~f~'C~:~. ~~l' P] =.1: GOTO '585
:POKE 78',P*lb:1 "" l: 18838 ? " PLATINUM PIECES"; :IlIPUT J : P
", P(P) =J:&OTO '585
'586 ON P+l GOTO '688 , '681 , '682,'683,' 18048 ?" ELECTRUM PIECES"; :INPUT J:E
684,'685,'686,'687,'688.'68' P(P) =J:GOTO 'S85
'518 ON CCP) &OTO '618,'611 , '612,'613, 18858 1 " HIT POINTS"; :INPUT J:HP(P] :
'61(.'615,'616,'617,'618,'61' J:COTO '585
'511 ON P+l COTO '888,'882,'884,'886.' 18860 1" WftICH I«APOM"' : INPUT J: If J
888 '818 '812 '814 '816 '818 (lOR J)5 THEIi POSITIOM h,22:? "
,sd 1 "hRttOA CLA~S ' "; AC ep] : 1 " ": POSITIOI 11,22:COTO 18068
t •••• ST "'STep] 18865 WCP] =J : GOTO '585
'514 1 "Hh POINTS ";HPCP):1 "t 15808 TAAP 38888:fOA J =1 TO 40:MOI(J] =
••• t!N " ;INCP' 0: NEXT J: ? "iii": 1 "WHAT IS THE ROO" HUH
'516 1 "HIT MODIfIER ";H"CP):1 "t BfR"; : INPUT CHD$
••• U(I ";WICP) 15005 AZ$ ="D: COPlBAT.": AZS C1I , 18+LEJI (CM
'518 1 "DA*'E MODIfIER ";0"(P):1 ott 0$)) :C ttD$
.... DK ";OXCP) 15818 1 "HOW MANY MOISTERS";: IIPUT J: I
'528 1 "AlA BOlUS ";RACP):? "t f J)J8 THEN 1 "10 MORE THAM 30 MONSTER
. . . . ell ";CN(P) S": 1 : GOTO 15818
'522 1 "AC ADJUSTttENT ";ACA(P]:1 " 15815 MOIU) =J:1 "MONSTEA HIT DICE" ':I
U ••• CH "; CH (P] NPUT J:MOI(2) : J '
'524 1 "MISSILE MULTIPLE "; 58 (P) 15828 ? "HOlliSTER ARMOR CLASS"; : INPUT J
'526 ? "LEVEL ";L(P]:? "t. : I«)N (J) =J : fOR E=8 TO MOl Cl] - 1: 1 "MONST
•• HT "'HE(P 8] ' "'''''' " ; HECP,U;CHA EA ";E;"'S HIT POIITS"; :I NPUT J
$ (34) , " , 15838 MON (EH' =J: NEXT E : '? "IU...,ER OF A
'528 ? "WEAPON READY "; N(P):1 lOt. TTACKS"; :I NPUT J:MONC3S]=J:? "DAMAGE P
•• WT ";WECP);" LBS" ER ATTACk"; :INPUT J:ttON(36)=J
'538 1 "<lCOLD ";GP(P) 158(8 OPEN Ul,8,8,AZ$:fOA E=1 TO (9 :1
'533 1 "SILVER ";SP[P):If & U1;MOICE):NEXT E:ClOS£ U1 : GOTO '009
E(PJ =1 THEM ? "t ••• I'IALE":&OTO '535 28808 ERLN=PEEk(186)+1S6*PEEKCI87):fOR
.'535 1
,53( If 'ECP)=2 THEN 1 "t •••
"COPPER
fEMALE
";CP(P):&OSU
E=1 TO 18 : 1 lOt
Y AGAIN
28801 FOR 1=1 TO 2
INPU TERROR -- TR
":SOUND 9 ,3 8 , 18,18
B 2088 29803 NEXT I: 1 "t INPUT ERROR --
'537 1 " PLATINUM " ; PP(P) " :S OUND O,10,18 , 10:FOR
'548 1 "ELEC TRU,", ";EPCP) 1=1 TO 2:NEXT I : NEXT E:SOUND 0,0.8,8
VOl. 1 THE A .N .A.L. O .G . COMPE NDIUM PAGE 157

..
28184 ? lOt
28195 TRAP 28188 : 'OTO ERLII
18898 If PEEK U '5] =178 THEil ? """: POSI
TION 2,5 :? "THERE'S NO 'jUCH FILE Olt TH
IS DISK!!"
38883 ? :? "THE FILES ARE:":?
38'05 TRAP 38855:CLOSE Ul:0PEN Ul,6 , 8,
"0'* *"
3881i INPUT Ul;CHD$
38115 PRINT CND$:'OTO 38818
38855 CLOSE Ul:ERLN=PEEK(186'+256*PEEK
(187J:FOR E=1 TO 211:lfEXT E:TRAP 28e88
: 'OTO '118

•
CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
4 DATA 621,486 L 367,'83,872,218 L I74,155
828,885,162,785,155,288 1'7L6~78
55 DATA 4',185,1'7,71,'86,2",476,477,
371,471,68',638,873,1'3,388,6146
86 DATA 668,4'6,77,666,'84,586,644 ,5 86
,'24,668,622,446,67',761,51,8712
157 DATA 686,725,351,788,148,6'6,4'4,'
14,525,1",28',188 , 822,713,835,82'3
713 DATA 681,623,2'5,534,'5,14',112,13
,54,888,828,'8,383,164,47',5228
733 DATA 783,412,647,126,63,75',748,,7
7,741,77','27,'36,648,23',736,'888
318 DATA 388,863,7,184,112,634,235,155
,148,168 , 153,17',158,172 , 165,3625
1145 DATA 177,178 L '86,646 , 648,653,647,
681,654 , 6 78,66',6,7,671,571 ,7'6,'223
3882 DATA 875,717,8" , 4'8,547,553,723,
738,45',2,653,6'3,451 , '35,573,8391
3830 DATA 348,271,'85,8'8,737,687,167,
2'7,63',2'8,5'8,",8'3 , 651,885,8151
3528 DATA '71,187,71' , 361 , 468,227,38' ,
18,8'8,687,817,135,738 , 16',621,72'6
.111 DATA 283,723,785,762,542,855,515,
676,1.6.6",7J8,2'8,173,.68 , .83 ,7 '88
'17 5 DATA 666L.3,Z83L.Z'L888,5.5,'.3,4
'2,577,32' , 11H,5'5,2.3,7~1,377,6'3'
5882 DATA 337L3.7L357L367L3S8L368 , J78,
3'3, 483,78,,8~8,2Z8,5z 3,1'5,7~,,616e
5575 DATA 122,7'6,688,725,"3,8J7,'18,
'7','21,'32,'24,'35,'77,'38,'31,11'88
6845 DATA "2,682,8'8,735,4",465,8'1,
638,'18,'2,"J,7'8,173,582,42,8634
6'85 DATA 6"L5'8L34'L575L7.1,88'LI88,
186,5'7 , 518,5~7,'~7,5z',lu5,8'6 , 8~83 Pretty Demo
7815 DATA '87,13',37,213,J55 , 318,'2,8'
4 , '11,585,73',866,1',685,781,72'8
7135 DATA 687,683,622,63 7,71 8 ,86 C,578,
711,365,316,'81,76','21,75',745,'821
1. DEC;
21 GRAPHICS 24
815e DATA 758,6'8,3'8,126,327,685,886. n COLOR 1
243,5'8,C82,185,'28,5",76',838,8132 4. ~ETCOLOR 2,1,1
'880 DATA 211,"8,827,3'4,56".81,'6., 51 fOR 1=1 TO 368 STEP 5
"3,'.7,764,'58,'42,221,'6','86,11161 61 H=l1 ~1/36'
'8J8 DATA 47' , 188,832,187 £5 81,222 L 551, 71 Y=81+8I*SI.(I'
578,147,'38.486,4S3,362,5b5,475,7~55 81 If 1)21. THE. 118
'530 DATA .8 •• 118 L'18,7'8 L 78. L676,185, , . PLOT 1,1
682,687 , 6J2,617,6z7,671,6~ 2, 6~7,'431 III DRANTO X, V
'688 DATA 645,658,141,8'6,88,'13,125 ,7 111 If 1('1 THEN 13.
11,117,618,567,143,377,66','73,7578 128 DRANTO 31',15'
'785 DATA 73' 748,758,753 768 , 741,753, III IEXT I
'32,78','78,571,588,58',5'8,687,18888 148 If PEEK(764)()255 THEN END
'818 DATA 5'7£616,615£62'L6l8L217,86', 158 'OTO 141
857,'81 , 888.4~8,8 5,l~,'I~,57~.'2'J
1581. DATA 'IJ,'23,5'8,47',58,278,262,
1'6,661,376,576,687,232,728,687,75'1
38855 DATA 531,531
CHECKSUM DATA
• (See pgs. 7-10)
PAGE 158 T HE A .N.A. l.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOl. 1

THUNDER ISLAND
v
32K Cassette or Disk v
by C r aig Pa tch eu

O ne of the interesting features of the ATARI T hunder Island uses the priority register to
ho me computer is the priority register. This reserved control which section o f the maze immedi ately s ur ~
memory location wor ks together with the ATARI 's rounding you can be seen at a given time. If you
pl a ye r~ m iss il e graphics system to allow screen draw a maze in playfield o ne and set the color of play-
objects to pass behind or in front of other objects, fi eld o ne to that of the background , under normal
an effect that can give the illusion of depth. circumstances we won't be able to see the maze. But,
The prior ity register is called, appropriately, by setting PRIO R to 2, we can have p layers two and
PRIO R and is fo und at memory location 623 ($26F three appea r be[ween the background and playfi eld v
hex). The foll owi ng chart sho ws the effect of one, thereby making the sectio n of the maze "i n
POKEing vario us values into it. Note that a high front" o f either player visible. That's all there is to it.
priority object will appear to move in front of an P laying the Gam e.
object with lower priority.
Th u nder Island is located in the middle of the
Pacific, about a thousa nd miles north of New
Zeal and. An internationall y renowned playboy
PR I O R ~
resort, its main attraction is a huge transparent maze.
8 4 z This maze can be set up to anyone of an almost
infinite num ber of fl oor p lans, so that it is impossible
t
.q
PFO
PF I
PFO
PFI
PO
PI
PO
PI
to memorize the layout.
Because it is transparent, the maze is normally easy
PO PF2 PFO P2 to solve. The island, however, is subject to frequent
"
.Q thu nderstOrms, and the power generator that lights
PI PF30< P4 PFI P3
0. P2 PO PF2 PFO the maze is o ften knocked out. As a precaution to
P3 PI PF3 0< P4 PF I th is, those entering the maze carry lanterns, allowing
Pf2 P2 P2 PF2 them to at least see thac pare o f it immediately
PF3 or P4 P3 P3 PF30< P4 surro unding them. It is the challenge of navigating
BAK BA K BA K BA K the da rkened maze, however, that has drawn you to
Thunder Island. A different maze will be generated
each time you play. Good Luck l
Pn refers to player n
PFn refers to playfi eld n (as in SETCOLO R n) O ption s
PF3 o r P4 refers to the fact that all missiles can be Use the chart below to pick che type of game you v
given the colo r o f playfield 3 and used as an extra want to play. A o n e~pl aye r game is good. for
player (pla yer 4). This is done by adding 16 to the practicing, but you 'll find the twO player games to be
value being POKEd into PRIO R. mo re fu n. You can choose to playa d aylight game, in
When two players overlap, you can also choose to which the whole maze is always visible, or a night-
have a third color in the overl ap region. Thi s is done time one, in which o nly part of it is visible. Yo u can v
by adding 32 (dec imal) to the value being POKEd also choose from three maze diffi culty levels, and
into PRIO R . each player can choose fro m three lantern sizes
 VO L. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPE N DIUM PAGE 159

TO Cl:POKE C712,CI4:POKE
(allowing better players to take a handicap). Once Y=C8 TO 58:50 UN D C8,Y.C8,
you've selected the game you want , press START
Y=25 THEN POkE C718,C8 : POKE
and the computer will begi n generating the maze.
- O nce it's finished , your lancern(s) will light up and
the ga me will start.
Using your j oystick , you must maneuver your
•• __ .... Y:NEJCl ~ : fOR Y=51 TO 255:
~,: " •. " .. " ••• , •.••,.C
••8:NEXT Y: POKE C112,58:P
C78',C8
:POKE C711,~22:G05U8 1
player to the corner of the maze diagona ll y opposite
to the o ne you starred at, and ex it the mazc. There is a
timer at the bonom of the screen that keeps track of
how long you 've been in the maze , so you can
compete fo r the fastest rime. As soon as someone
escapes, the storm will end and the maze will start
reflecting a rainbow. Press START to run the
p rogram again. 0

DAY 'L'"~'" C8,C8:G05UB 118

THEM 1 " TMO";
lE UElP=Cl AND SKIll)CI2 THEN 5k
ILL=Cl:GOTO 378
~38 GO~UB 121:GOSU8 128
~48 If P[EkC5327')(>C5 THEN ~'8
~58 SKIll=SKIlL+Cl:IF LEUEL P =Cl THEN ~
KIll=SKIll-CI2*(~KIll=13)
PLAYER 468 If LEVELP=C2 THEN SKIll=~KILL - 38*(
1 - SKIlL=U)
~78 SOUND C8,28 , C8,C8:GO~U8 118

E M HEM
•••
E M H
~88 GOTO 378
~'8 If PEEKC5327"(>C6 THEN 388
588 IF LEUElP=C2 THEN S~8
MAZE DIFFICULTY
518 lEUElD = (SKILl(CI8>:lEUELM:~KILL-C3
*INT(C~KIll - Cl) / C3):LEUELMA=C2-INT((Sk
E=EASY M.::MEDIUM H=HARO ILL - Cl)/C3)
(LARGE, MEDIUM, SMALL=LANTERN SI ZE) 528 If NOT LEUElD THEN LEUELMA=C8
538 'OTO 618
5~8 LEUElD=(5KILL(28):LEUEl~~KILL - C3*
INT(SKIll-Cl)/C3' : T = INT((~KILL - £1) / C3
189 ClR :G010 159 I
118 ~OUND C8.CI.C8.CI : RETURN 558 If T=C8 OR 1 =C3 OR T = C~ THEN lEUEl
1 28 FOR J=Cl TO 51 : NE~T J:RETURN WA=C2
IJ8 DI=~ S C(M$(l.Z" - ~8:D2=ASC(M$(Z+Cl, 568 IF T=£1 OR T=C5 OR T=C6 T"EN lEUEl
ZtCl)) - ~8 WA=Cl
1.8 8YTE=HEXCOZ'.CI6*"E~C01':QZ=OZiCl: 578 If T=C2 OR T=C7 OR T=C8 THEN lEVEL
POKE C78',PEEK(53778) : AETURN MA=C8
158 READ C8,Cl,C2,CJ,C~,C5,C6,C7,C8,C' 588 If T=C8 OR T=C5 OR T=C7 THEN LEUEl
,CI8,Cl1,CI2 . CI3.Cl~ , CI6.CI28 . C568 . C56 W8=C2
I , C78',C718 C711,C712 5'8 If T=Cl OR T=C3 OR T=C8 THEN LEUEL
168 OJ" DLI!CC13),ASCC16),~C~~2),HEXC W8=Cl
22) : GR APHICS 18: POSITION C~ , C5: 1 1lC6:" 688 If T=C2 OR T = C~ OR T=C6 THEN lEuEL
initializing" "=£8
178 FOR I=Cl TO CIJ:REAO BYTE:DlIS(J ' = 618 GRAPHIC S 21:POK[ CI6,112 : POKE 5377
CHASCBYTE) : NEXT I ~,112
188 FOR I=Cl TO CI6:READ BYTE:RSCI'=CH 628 LEUELM=88*ClEUEl~CZ'+2S5*(lEUEL~
R$(BYTE):NEKT I : FOR I=C8 TO 22 : READ 8Y Cl):NIDT"A=LEUELNA*C~:NrDTHB=lEUELMB*C
TE:HE~CI' = 8YTE : NEXT I 4:IF MYD1HA=C8 THEN NIDTHA =CI2
1'8 Q2 = - Cl:FOR I=Cl TO Cl:READ M$:FOR 618 If WIDTH8=C8 THE. WIDTHI=CI2
Z=Cl TO LEMCMS'-Cl STEP C2 : GOSUB 138:P 6~8 POKE C712,58 : POkE C718,58:COLOR C3
orE 1571tQ2,BYTE:NEXT Z : NEXT 1 : POKE C,.'. CU
288 Q2= - Cl : fOR I=Cl TO 21:READ ~ : fOR 658 fOA ~=C8 TO 78 STEP CI:PLOT H, C8 : D
Z=Cl TO LENCMS'-Cl STEP C2:GOSUB 138:P RANTO H.45:NEXT X:fOR Y=C8 TO ~5 STEP
OKE 2'6'6tQ2,BYTE:NEXT l:NEXT I C3:PlOT Cl,Y:DAAWTO 77 . Y:.EXT Y
2 18 FOR X=2'68' TO 2,6'5:POKE X,C8:NE ~ 668 ~OUND C8,CIJ,C8,C8:FOR X=Cl TO C3:
T ~:FOR 1=153 6 TO 1578:POK[ I,C8:NEHT NEXT K:GOSU8 IIB:POKE C718 , 218 : fOR H=C
I 1 TO 500:'EKT K
228 GRAPHICS CI6:POKE CI6,112:POKf 537 678 M:$(Cl,Cl)="8" : M${~~2 , ~42)="8":"$(C
7~ , 112
231 POKE C718.C8:S1=PEfKCC568,t256*P£E ..
2'=HS:A=tNTCANDCC8>*1'8)+27:M$CA,A) ="1
688 POKE 15J6,lEUELH : POKE 15:17,J3J:POK
KCC561)+C~:POKf STtC2,C7 : POKE Sl+C~,C6
: POKE 5 T+2~, 65 [ 1518,Cl:S0UID C8,2~ , C~ , C6:X=USR(3012
2.8 POkE ~Tt25,PfEk(C568':POKE ~Ti26 , P 7 ADR (MS))
EEK (C561) 6~8 A=~2*I'T(AND(C8)*C2':COLOR C8:PLOT
258 POKE C788,C8 : POK£ C78',C8:POKE C71 C8,Cl+A : PLOT 78.~4 - A:PLOT C8,C2+A : PlO
I,CO T 78 , .3-Q : '05UB 118

- 268 POKE ST+28 138:POKE 513,INTCADRCDl

IS) / 256':POKE ~12 , ADRCDlIS) - (PEEK(513)
*256) : POk[ 5~286,I'Z
278 POKE 752. Cl: POSITION C3 , Cl : 1 "THUN
7.8 M=112 : POKE 1552.CJ : POKE 155~,Cl.A.
CA)C8' : POK£ 1556.WIOTHA
718 POKE lS53 , 77 : Jf LEUElP=C2 THEN POK
E 1555 ~~ - A - (A)C8):POKE 1551 ,NIDTHB
DER ISLAND" 728 fOR L=C8 TO C3:POKE 532~8+l,C. : 'EK
288 POSITION 22,C2: 1 " b era J atehet T l:POKE 5~27' , " : POKE 5S' , 46:POKE 623,
3.:POKE 5321 7 ,C3:PMB=NM256
9'~8POSITION C:1. 2 8 : 1 "Cop"r i ght (C) 1'8 738 POKE 53258 . WIDTH~/C4:POKE 5325~,NY
DTH8 / C~
3 ANALO G COMputing"
 v
PAGE 160 THE A.N.A.l .O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1
v
'4' T=P~.S12:FOA l=T TO T+511:POK£ l 1188 D4TA 1486.A.618.865C885CB4'8865CC
C8:NEXT L:L:O*C2+CZ*CO)C8J:POkE 'tLtl6 85CC688A8A808E86A'.118608E8618EOIA8680
,24:POK£ '+l+1',Z4 'E86A'88801086A01886A2848A2EI086£8
758 L=a. - A*CZ+C2*(Q:C8':POKE T+l+t'6,2 11'8 OAT4 810888801C.6001086'8AOIC86.8
':POI[ '+l+t", Z' CAD8EA801C8668186DIC.68DIC8668601D.680 ~
768 L:PHB+A*CZ+C2*(Q)CI)+768+1S - C'*LEU 101618ASCB601C8685CBA5CC60108685CC
ElMa:FOR X=l TO l+C7+C8*LEUElMA:POKE X 1288 DATA A88081C8AE8E86.A.008888882A8
,255:Mon M FFC8CAE8FFD8F2C88108.168A'8138EDIE86A8
778 l=P~+8' - A*C2+C2*(A=C9)+8'6.15 - C'* 001£86AOO'1786COI8.6088'0'1886COI0
lEUELMB:FOA M=l TO ltC7+C8*LEUELNB:POK 1218 OOTA 86088168401£86A82.8775AOIA86 v
E H,255 : MEXT It 001886F811FE16'68A186'20'0880818FDl.86
788 POKE 532'8,'7 '082D8AOI886001206F852FE1686'82742
7" SOUND Ca,Cl1,C8,C8:FOR M=C1 TO C3: 1778 DATA 10C8810.8FB08872'08272808873
NEMT X:GO SU8 118:POK[ 78',Cl.:'05U8 17 '0821118'88CB08812'01272008873,08213CA
8:POK£ 53258,'7-NrOTHA 080E18'8764282C88108.FBD8972'07£72
888 FDA M:C16 TO C8 STEP - Cl:50U.0 ce, 1238 DAT4 808873,07E7JI8,e8C80897Z,OFE v
M,C8 ,C 8:POk£ 7'6,C16-M:FOR V:Cl TO C18 7180887 3 'OfE7ZEBE.7FD80C'800001886'012
:NEHT Y:N[MT M: C05U8 118:POK[ 786,72 86AOI086'0188668AOI0.6£8890818C'88
818 IF lEUElP <> CZ THEN 859 12'8 DATA 088.EE1A8668C'.EO.l.FEI88668
828 GOSDa 128:'05U8 120:POK£ 532",1" C"E098.CE1A8668C'88088.FE188668686868
:50U.0 C8,Cl1,C8,ca : FOR X=Cl TO C3:NEH 80808668808186A084022'OFC,OFF8F780
T M:G05UB 118 : POKE 785.Cl.:'05UB 128 1258 04To 8386A08A022'IFC'1018F7808 •• 6
838 POKE 5175J.l" - WIOTH8 28857781COC'11080F4'88808'86A08'86C,81
8'1 FOR M=C16 TO C8 STEP - Cl:50U.0 C8. '885481'2862778E8'86400486C'I'8805
M.C8 C8:POKE 787 CI6 - H:fOR V=Cl TO Cl1 1260 DATA A8182862178E8'86408386C'81'8
:NEM t V:NEMT M: ' 65U8 118:POKE 187.7' 85A8882862778E.'06AO.306C'8E8085A83'28
858 FOR M=Cl TO 788:.EMT H:POKE C717,C 6277A08'86C'88F8'4A08.068AI860,486
1.:FlASH=C8 1218 DATA 8084864D81.60A16608186808686
868 IF lEUElO THEN POKE e718 1" 05t'F8FCA'88851'A'I.8088020084022'8380
818 ST=PEEKCC568'+256*PfEKcc1611+C.:PO 8FI6C'880.1'AO.'862'.8F81'CE8 •• 6EE v
KE ST+.,!C7:POKE ST+'8.65:POKE 5T+.'.P 1268 DATA 8886286C17EE8886286C77'CC£76
EEK(Cs6IJ:POKE 5T+sO.PfEK(Cs611 40IF86C'810822408'862,e.F822EE •• 86EE8A v
888 X= U5A (lS71) : 50UND Cl, C18, C8. C2 06£E'A86EE8A86EE8886286C17EE88.628
8'1 X=USRC2'6'6) 12'8 OATQ 6C77'CCE76AD8F86C'82D81'A08'
'88 IF Fl~5H(Z5s THEN '18 862'12f812CEI386EE8086286C71£E8A06286C
'18 IF INTCANOCC8)*2.8'()188 THEN '58 77.CCE76008'862'81F8',EE8386EE8B86
'Z. POKE C717.Cl.:FlA5H=C8:50UNO C2,C8 1188 DATA Ef8886Ef8886EflA86286C17EE80
.C8.15 86286C11A'18808802288571A,31'IC038A081
'3' FlASH =FlA5H+C5:50UNO C2.FLASH.C8,C 86f'.1808186AO.286E'88808286C'8808 ~

8:IF FlASH=755 THEN SOUND C2.CI , C8,C8: 1318 DATA 88AOI186C'88088168AO.402C088

..
RE" 86'883.CO,75'C8815A08386808586'8408.86
'.1 IF FlA 5 H=25 THEN 5ETCOlOA C',C' -C 6 02888E8686028 •• E85862E8686E8820888
*ClEUElO =C8),cz*elEuElo=C81 1170 04TA 008686'8A08S86.8C408E8186860
'51 IF PEEK(1568) OR PEEKeJS61) THEN' 85868085866860.68680.606688A18608'8660
85.68085860086866'8880868618A08786
'68 IF PEEK(1558) THEN SOUND C',28,C8, 1338 OATA 60858685C000888660868685CEA8
CO lA6881COC'180883EE8'8668A55885C8A55'85
'" IF PEEK(155') THEN SOUND C••••• C8. CCA08A86'0.018.865C885C80'8865CC85
CO 13.8 DATA CC68808A808E8638A08A86E08E86
'89 FOR H=Cl TO C5:NEXT M:,05UB 118:'0 QAE8A'3FCOF.86386A6A.C'677808E.6A'8880
TO 8'8 . 8C86A08B86A2"802EOC86E88J008B8080
"0 M=USR(1703) :S OUNO C2,C8.C8 , CO 1158 OOTA 8640.C06.8400086'8CAOOEA8080
1889 IF PEEK(1568) THEN POKE 532",C8: 86681860808680800668600C86800C8618A5C6
POKE 53251,CO 6080868SC805CC600C8685CCA08981C620
1818 IF PEEKCI561) THEN POKE 512'8.C8: 1368 DATA 8E86'lC660
POKE 53259.C8
1829 M= U5 R(QOACA$)):FOA )( =512.8 TO 517
51 : POKE H,C8:MEHT M:G010 218 •
181Q REM * CON5TANT5
18.8 DaTA 8 1,2 1,' 5,6 1,8,',18 11 12
v
,11,1.,16,128 568,561 L 78',,18,71i.7i2 C H EC KSUM DATA
1858 REM * Ol t ROUTrNt
.868 DATA 72,16',1'.1'1,18,212.1'1.71,
(See pgs. 7-10)
288,16',88.18',6' v
1810 REM * RAINBOW ROUTINE
1880 DATA 18' , 16',6 ,2 32,1'2,18,217.1'2
,2 •• 288 L 285,ll,788.288,Z.2,'6
18'8 REft • HEM OATO
1188 DATA . , I L 7 1 •• , s.6.1,8.' • ••• ,8,.,
8,8 , ' . I ' . 11,lz. 11,1'.15
1118 RE" • TIMEA ROUTINE
1128 DATA 68180'A,655885COA'81655'85CE
0'lC8022.2A'8680238268A51.C'86B883'C5F
E.4'81851'EE1F86AOIF86C'8A08170,88
1138 DaTa 801f8fiEE208fiaD288fic,eaD823a,
88802886EE2186A02186C'86081.0'.88021.6
EE2286A0 7 786C'840.85A'8860228648 ••
11.0 04TO A784C881f08.C8 •• 0.88A,IA'ICO
C810'OF8BOIE06"18'ICOCOC608E54C5fE.68
0060E.8022.20061E.80218268
1158 REM * P/M-STICK ROUTINE
1168 DATA 68AZ.8801£.64EIE860,88,01686
'01886801.86801086BOI786801886801882.A
'.83EE1886'A.B'801CEI88628581.AOtE
1118 OATo 86Aa801.86801A86801286801086
68.A'883EEIA8640'883CEI086285874[[IE86
ODIE86C'82D8AC68ASS88SCBASS'65CCAO
 VO L. 1 T HE A.N.A. l. O.G. COMPEN DI UM PAG E 161

v MANIAC!

32 K Cassette 01" Disk

by Rick Me ssner

Over the past several years, many game programs Move ment.
have been developed for the ATARI computers. The computer moves the robots in a one~person
Unfor tunately, most of these games cost from $30 to ga me. In a two-person game, one player controls the
$40 apiece. Tak ing pity on those who. like m yself, hunter, and the other player contro ls the robots.
cannot afford to buy all those great games, I pro~ Moving either the hunte r or tht= robots is very
grammed an arcade~sty l e game called Maniac! This simple. Hold the joystick in the normal position and
v fast~ac t ion Assembly language game is you rs for the push it in the direction you wish to move.
p rice of a few hours of typing. You're goi ng to like If a robot and the hunter collide, either one or
this one! both is blown up. If either a robot o r a hunte r wal ks
into a wall , it will explode.
The game.
M a niac ! is set in a maze with eight levels. Each Earth a nd bulrush es.
level is filled with crazed robots. These robots were Robots on the higher~numbered maze levels be~
once peaceful ga rdeners but became s h ort~circuited come increasingly covered with a layer of earth and
by pesticides, and are now trying to destroy anything bulrushes. This makes it rather hard for the hunter'S
that moves with their miss i le~firing shovels. You are .45 to hit one. To kill a robot, the hunter must shoot
dropped into the first level of thi's maze, equipped it once for each level of the maze. Thus. on level six,
only with you r trusty .45 and ammunition. Your job the hunter must shoot each robot six times before it
v
is to stop all the robots on each level. is destroyed.
At first, your task is not particularly difficult, but 2 ~pl aye r ve rsio n .
as you enter the higher~numbered maze levels the job In the two~player game, one person controls the
gets harder and harder. That's because the robots on hunter, and the other person controls the robots.
the higher~numbered maze levels have been around The hunter is controlled by the joystick in port zero,
longer and are covered with a protective layer of and the robots are moved by the joystick in port one.
earth and bultrushes. To start, the person with the robots moves only
To sta r t. the leftmost robot. If it is killed, control switches to
At the beginning of this game there is a short in~ the center robot. When that one is killed, control
troduction (jUSt to help you learn my name), and moves to the rightmost robot.
then the machine asks you if you are goi ng to have As the player controlling the robots becomes
a one or two~playe r game. Enter you r choice. A light more skilled he may want to switch control from
grey maze-appears on your mon itor screen, along robot to robot at wilL This can be done by using one
with a green figure representing yOll and th ree red of three keyboard keys. To make the joystick control
figures representing the robots. At the end of the the leftmost robot, press the sem i ~colon key; to
maze opposite from where you start is a door. Your make the joystick control the center robot, press the
objective is to destroy all three robots and to run o ut plus sign key; to make the joystick control the right~
the exit door. If you do this, the compute r automati~ most robot, press the multiplication sign key.
cally advances you to the next level of the maze. If, Firing.
however, you exit without destroy ing all the robots, Both the h u nter and the robot can fire in many
you remain at you r current level and must try again. different directions. To rotate the ar m - and the
PAGE 162 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1 v
v
weapon - of either the hunter o r the robot, do this: 3. When the co mp uter has made sure there are no
press the joystick b utto n and hold it down. While errors in the DATA lines, it will ask " INSERT DI SK
the b unon is depressed, yOll may move the joysti ck v
WITH DOS, PRESS RETU RN." Place a dis k with
in any direct io n - this will ca use the arm to rotate. DOS in drive 1 and press RETUR N. The progra m
As soon as you let go of the red bu tto n, the weapon will create an AUTORUN.SY$ fi le containing the
will fire. Maniac! ga me. When the READY prompt appears,
If you wis h to fire without moving the direction of the program is finished. It is a good idea to SAVE the
the weapon, simply press and release the red bunon Maniac! BASIC program just in case you need it
on your joystick. later.
Scoring. 4. To pla y Maniac! , place the disk conta ining the
Points are awarded to the hunter but not to the AUTORUN.SYS file in drive J. Remove any car-
robots. The robots get their pleasure solely from tri dges and turn th e compu ter's powe r OFF, then
frustrating the h unter. Scoring is as follows: the ON. The Maniac! ga me will automatically load and
hunter gets tcn points per level for each robot des- start. D
troyed, with a I,OOO-point bonus for making it
th rough all eight levels.
Typing the program . 18 REM ~MI~C C~SS£TTE ~KEA PROGR~"
Two p rogram listings follow this article. Listing I 2 0 REM
38 CLR : DI" H$C3'84):O=0 :L IME=4"8 : RES
is the main data and data checking routine, and will TORE 5000
create the cassette version of Maniac! Listing 2 40 P:O
58 LIME=LINEt18: ? "CHECKIN' LINE ";LIN
should be added to Li sti ng I fo r d isk users. E
60 FOR 1:1 TO 16 v
78 n=Otl
C asse tte instr-uc tions. 88 TRAP 148:READ J : lf 1=1 THEN If LINE
I . Type Listing 1 into your computer and chec k it ()PEEK (183) tPEEK (184)*256 THEN ? "LINE
"ilINE ; " MI SSI NG!":ENO
for typing errors by using C:C HECK. '8 If J=", THEN 158
2. Type RUN and press RETURN. The program 188 K$(O) =C HR $ (J)
110 p=ptJ
will check for errors in the DATA lines. If any error 128 NUtT 1
messages arc displayed, correct the lint's ind icated 138 TRQP 148:READ J : IF P=J THEN 48
148 ? "ERROR IN LINE ";LINE :S TOP
and re-RUN the program until all errors arc el imi- 158 ? "RE~OY CA SSE TTE ~ND PRESS RETURM v
nated. ":OPEN Ul , 8,0 ,"C:"
160 ? Ul ; >«$
3. When all the DATA statements are correct, the 179 CLOSE Ul
program will ask you to "READY CAS$ETfE AND 5080 O~TA 0 ,3 1,8,64 ,35,64, 16' , 69 , 141,2
L211 ,16' ,11' ,141 ,231 ,2, 143'
PRESS RETURN" and the console will BEEP twice. ~010 O~T~ 133 ,14 , 16',7' , 141 ,232,2,133,
Place a cassette in your program recorder, press 15,16',38,133,19,16' , 64,133,1634
5820 DATA 11.24 ,'6 ,'6,8 3 ,58 ,32,2 8 ,76,3
RECORD and PLAY simultaneously, the n press RE- 2,55,72,162 , 255 , 141,30,1251 v
TURN. The computer will create a boot tape con- 5830 D~TA 288,232,224,4,240,246,142,18
raining the Maniac! game. It is a good idea to CSAVE 4 ,7', 16',2,141 , 187,7',32, 148,2317
50 40 DATA 75,172,185,7',185,232,76,133
the BASIC program at this time. just in case you ,17 6, 133,188 ,185,233, 76,133 ,177,2430
5850 DATA 133,18 1, 18',127,7'. 24 .2 01 ,3,
want to use it again later. 176,18.32,210,64,32,184,65,L718
4. To play Maniac! , remove any cartridges from 5860 DATA 32,38 , 68,32,173,78,32,223,68
your system. Place the Maniac! boot tape in you r L32 ,17,71 , 18' , 15' .7',291,1484
~870 DATA 8 ,248,6,32,1 88,78,3 2,17',6',
program recorder, rewind it to the beginni ng and 32,188,65,16',11,24,237,1382
press PLA Y. Turn the computer's power OFF, then 5880 DATA 1'1,7',141 , 188,7',16', 2,141, v
1'8 .7',32, L8', 75, 1 73,188,7', I,, 5
turn it ON wh ile p ressing START. The computer 58'0 DATA 141,181 ,7',32,61,65,32,2 53 ,7
will BEEP. Press RETURN and the game will load 3,32,178,64,32,188,71,32,1586
5189 DATA 248,71,173,127,7',20J,7 ,2 48,
and run automatically. 3,76 , 4',6 4 ,32, 1 2 7,72,76,1645 v
5110 DATA 44,64,173,252,2 , 141,8 ,18 4 , 1 7
3 , 2 90 ,7',2 01,1,208 ,1, '6 , 1 73'
Disk in stru ctions. 5120 DATA 173,25 2,2,2 91,7, 2 '0,4 6.7 81 ,6
. Type Listing I into your computer and check it ,2 40 ,3 4,201 ,2 ,240,22,76 ,1' 43
5110 DATA 258,64,18, ,135,7',24,233, 4 7,
for typing errors with D:CHECK. Afte r correcting 157,173,7',18',13',7',24 ,233,20; 4
any typing errors, ente r the lines with Li sti ng 2 . 5140 DATA 16.157,177,7','6,16',1 ,1 41,1 v
'5,7',76,250,64,16',2,141,1812
These lines will merge with Listing I in o rder to 5150 DATA 1'5,7',76,250,64,16,, 3, 141,1
creau! a Maniac! disk version maker program . '5 ,7',172 ,1'5,7',185,127 , 7' ,2 088
5160 DATA 24,281,2,176,1,'6,173,787.7'
2. Type RUN and press RETURN. The program ,2 4 ,2 01,8,176,5 , 16',2,1536
will check for any errors in the DATA statements 5170 DATA 141,207, 7',2 06,207,7',173,29
7,7' ,2 81,1 ,2 40 , 1,'6,16',8,2886
and will display a message if any er rors 3re found. 5180 OATA 141 , 287 ,7 ',168,1,185,127,7' ,
Cor rec t any DATA lines that aH.' in error and re- 24 281 2 144 7 200 152,201 ,1 '10
51'0 06TO 4,288 ,2 42,'6,140,1'5 ,7', 16',
RUN the p rogram until all errors arc corrected. 255,141,252,2.,~,14 2 .182.7'.2282
VOl. 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 163

52 98 DATA 1'8,183,7',162,255,232,236,1 56.0 DATA 18',13', 7 ', 2. L291,'6,176 ,2',

81,7',2'8,11,168,255,280,152,281,2766 2' ,105,16 ,168,177,116,288,145 , 1'4_
5210 OATA 255,288,258,76 , 6',65,17',182 5650 DATA 176,136 , 1 "36,18',13', 1',2' , 23
,7' , 172,183 ,7 ','6,1'2,182 ,7 ',22'1 3,3 ,141,181 ,7',152,2 85,181, 7',2 133
522 0 OATA 162,255,232,236,181,7',298,2 5660 DATA 288 , 23',254,13',7','6,18',13
58,174,182,7','6,18',127,7' , 2',2553 1,7,,281,1,240,1,'6,224,8,2172
5230 DATA 291,2,176,1,'6,2',291,7,1", 567 0 DATA 2'8,57,236,1'5,7',2'8,'6,16'
1 ,'6,2',185,18,1'1 ,1 87,1'16 ,8,157,131 ,7', 18',13' ,7 ', 2',2068
52.9 DATa 7',16',15,141,18',7',32,1'8, 5680 DATA 233,1 4 ,2 4 ,28 5,13,,7' , 176 ,1 4,
75,173 ,185 7',2',18' ,2 38 76 , 17'8 2',105,22,285,13'.7',14',12,161'
5250 DATA 133,178,173,186,7,,18,,231,7 56'0 DATA 16',1,157,123,7','6,16',8,15
6,133, 17',165, 176, 2 ',125 ,13',7',2 185 7, 1 23,7','6,16',2 ,15 7, 1 23,17 80
5260 DATA 133 , 176,165,177 , 185 , 8 ,133,17 5709 DATA 7','6,7 6,119.68, 173,121 , 2,76
7,168, 8,177,1 7 8 , 1'5 ,176 ,288 ,152 , 225' ,11 0, 68, 18',1 28, 2 ,201,6,1"7
5270 DaTA 291,15,288,2'6,25',127,7','6 571 0 DATA 281,6 ,24 8 ,62,2 81 ,1 8 ,24 8 , 25,2
,18', 131, 7',7 81 ,1,78 8 ,1 ,'6,21 32 91,7,248,65,281,11, 2'8,2 8 ,1 '78
5280 DATA 22',8,2'9,1',236 , 1'5, 7',2' 8 , 5728 DATA 28 1,5 ,2 '8 ,68,281 ,',2 '8,31 ,29
3,76,21 6,65,173 ,121,2,7 6 ,1 '68 1,14,248,71,281,13,2'8,7"3,28'8
52'0 DATa 38,67,18,,12 8, 2,7 6,38 , 67,16' 5738 DATA '6,16',8,157,123,7',16',0,15
,1,15 7 , 131,7' ,173,1 '1 ,7 ',15 77 7,177,7','6,16',1,157,123,1792
5388 DATA 1'1,187,7',16',18,1'1,18',7' 57 '8 DATA 7', 16',8 ,157,127, 7' , '6,16',2
, 32,1'8,75,173,10,718,24,785,1867 , 157 , 123 ,7', 16' , 0,1 57,127,16'0
5310 DATA 185,7',144,1,'6,18',13',7' ,2 5750 DATA 7','6,16',8,157,123,7',16',1
• 28 5,13',7' 1.4 58,2',233,1818 ,157 ,12 7 ,7' , ' 6 , 16',1,157,165'
5120 DATA 1,24 , 285 ,13' ,7',176,35,16',1 5768 DATA 123,7' , 16',1,157,127,7','6 ,1
5 ,1'1,1 1',3 , 18',135 ,7',2 ',1528 6', 2, 157,123,7' ,16',1,157,1688
5339 DATA 285,135,7',1",15,2',285,135 5770 DATA 127,7'.'6,16',8,157,123,7','
,7',J76,3,76,38,67,32,163,1576 6,16' ,2,151,123 ,7' , ' 6 ,22 4.1776
53'0 OATA 66,76,38,67 ,32,22 ',66 ,7 6,38, 5788 DATA 8 ,2 '8,38,236,1'5,7' ,2 '8 ,27,1
67 32 5. 66 76 ' , 66 , 1853 73,1'1,7',141,187,7',16',19,2884
53 ~0 6ATA 3~,118,66,76",66,18,,173,7' 57'0 DATA 1'1,18',7',32,148,75,17"3,18,
, 133 ,85 ,1 8',177, 7',2 ' ,2"3 3,1720 71 0 , 24 , 285 ,18 5, 7 ' , 1 44,1,'6 ,1 786
5360 DATA 8,13"3,8' ,32,36,78,168 , 0,177, 5 888 DATA 76,39,6' , 173,133 , 2,76 , 12,6',
178,291,8,788,2',230,85,1673 18' , 1 32,2 , 201,8 ,2 '8,8 , 1'12
5370 DATA 12 36,78,173 L 181 t 7,,281,8,28 5810 DATA 18,,131,7' L2 01LI12.8 , 7,'6 , 16
8,17,1'8,85, 1'8,85,32,J6, 1 b31 ',1 , 157 , 131 ,7'. '6,18~,15~, '25
5380 DATA 78,173 , 181, 7 ',201 , 0 , 288,3,16 5828 DATA 7' ,2 81 , 9,2'8 , 1,'6,16' , 1,1'1 ,
',14,'6,16',15.'6,18',17"3,1836 1'6, 7' ,16',8,157,IJI , 7',173'
53'0 DATA 7',133L85,18'1177L7',2.,105, 5830 DATA 18',127,7' ,2 81,1,2'0 ,8,1 69 ,2
17,133,84,32,36,/8,168,u,l'u3 5',157,151,7',76,68,6',16',2037
5'88 DATA 177,178,281,8,288,22',239 , 85 5840 DATA 2 , 157,151~7'~18'L123,7,,201,
,32 ,36.78,173,181,7',281,8,2888 0 ,2 48 ,',7 01 , 1,248,lJ, 2 u1,ID86
5'10 DATA 288,217,238,85,238,85,32,36, 5858 DATA 2,248,17,'6,16',255,J57,155,
78,173,181,7',281,8,208,283,2238 7',76,185,6',16',0,157,155,1'81
5420 DATA 16'LI3,'6L18' , 173,7'LI33,85, 5868 DATA 7',76,185,6',16',1,157,155,7
18',177,7' , 13J,8',3~ ,3 6,78 , 1731 ',16',35,157,1 5 ',7',18',127,1885
5'38 DATA 16',16, 1 '1,181,7',168 , 8,1'8, 5879 DATA ",1'1,187,7',16',3,141,184,
183 ,7', 168,8,177,17 8,281,8,186' 7',32,1'8,75,17"3,185,7',2',1778
54'8 DATA 288,'4 , 165,178,2',18',1'3,7' 5880 DATA 125 , 123 ,7',1 41 , 18' ,7', 16',2,
,133,178,165,17',185,8,133 , 17',2122 1'1 ,18 7,7',32,1'8,75,173 , 185,1'22
5.58 DATA 172 ,183, 7 ' , 288,152,285,181,7 58'0 DATA ",168,185,2'1,77,74,125,135
',288,271,173,11',3,'1,11 , '6,2118 ,7',157,1'3,7',185,2'2,77,2',2828
5.68 DATA 18',173,7' ,2 ',105,8,133,85 , 1 5'98 DATA 125,13' , 7',157,1'7 ,7 ',188,1'
8',177,7',133,8',32,36 ,79,15'6 7,7',18',118,78,25,128,105,153,1'28
5470 DATA 16',16,141,181,7' , 168,8,1'8, 5'10 DAT~ 128.195,'6,272,15',7',188,1'
183,7' , 168,8,177,178,291,8,1864 7,7',18',118,78,8',128,185,153,2855
5489 DATA 288,30,165,178,24,10',1'3,7' 5'78 DATA 128,185,15 2,2 ',125,155 ,7',15
,133,1 78 ,165,17',185,8,133,17',2858 7,1'7,7',18',15',7',291,8,248,281'
5"0 DATA 172,183,7',208,152 ,2 85,181,7 5'38 DATA 7',18'L1.3,7',2',125,151,7',
' ,20 8 ,22 1,1 7J ,114, 3 ,41, 7, '6 , 2114 157,1'3,7', 2 ' ,23~ ,'7,133,85,1765
5580 DATA 173,114,3 , '1,15,'6, 281,1',2' 5"8 OATA 18',1'7 , 7',2',233,16,133,8' ,
8,2',281,6,240 , 5',281,7,1648 32,36,78,173,181,7',2',281,1701
5510 DATA 248,33,781,5,248,65,281,13,2 5'59 DATA 8,288,31 ,2 38 , 85,3 2,3 6 ,7 8,173
'8,1',281, ',2 49 ,1 J ,781,11 , 1"8 ,1 81 ,7' ,281 , 8 ,2 08 , 1' , 188,17'1
5520 DATA 248,28,281,18,2'8,77,'6,37,2 5'68 DATA 1'7,7',18' , 118, 78 ,2 5,128,185
12,67,76,161,67,32,8,68,1617 ,153,128,185,18',1'3,7',157,',181'
5538 DATA 76,161,67,16',1,157,127,7',2 5'78 DATA 288,'6,16',8,157,15',7,,157,
5',135,7',76,161,67,16',8,1778 ' ,70 8 , '6.16' , 0 ,157, 143,7', 1881
5540 DATA 157,127, 7' , 222 ,135,7',76,161 5'89 DATA 157 , 4, 288 , '6,1'8 ,183, 7',165,
,67,32,222,67 L25 ' ,13S,7',16,,2 861 84 , 1'1 ,1 87, 7',173,1 '3 ,7',1 41 ,218'
555 0 DATA 1 , 137,127, 7',76 ,161 , 67,32,8, 5"8 DATA 18', 7',32,1' 8, 75,1 65 ,85,1 '1,
68,254,13 5,7',16',1,15 7,15 63 188 , 7' ,1 6',',141 ,1' 0 ,7',32,1"1
5560 DATA 12 7,7',76, 16 1,6 7,32, 8 ,6 8,222 6880 DATA 18',75,1 7"3,1 85, 7 ' , 24,1 8',188
,135,7',16',8,157,127,7',1578 ,7',141,1 85 ,7 ' 173 186 7',1 81 , 28'5
5570 DATA 76,161,67,32,222,67,222,135, 6918 DATA 8 "lj3,l~, ,17"3,185,7,,2, ,1 81
7',16',8,15 7 , 127,7',76,161 , 18"38 ,88,133,178,165,17' , 185 , 8,133,1'"
5588 DATA 67,32,18',67, 1 8' , 135.7' , 157, 6820 DATA 17',168,8 , 177,178,1'1,181,7'
0,2 88,18',11', 7',291,1, 248,1'52 ,172 , 183,7','6 I 8',1.3, 7',24,2 860
55'0 DATA 6 , 16',1,157 , 11',7', ' 6,16' , 8, 6830 DQTA 281,ZL88,1 76 ,1 ' ,2 . ,281,44 , 144
157,11 ',7' , '6 , 18',135,7',1658 ,27,1 8' ,1 47,7',2 ' , 2 81 , 112 ,176, 1'72
5680 DATA 2',281 ,2 88,176 , 6 ,2 ',281,'8,1 6840 DATA 32,2',28 1 ,13,1 '4 ,3 3,'6,16',1
44,1','6,16',288,157,135,7',18'8 ,157, 15 ',7' , 16' , 288,157,1 4 3, 1785
5618 DATA 22',8,288,3,76,228,74,'6,16' 6850 DOTA 7',76 ,1 21,7 8 ,16',1,157,15',7
, 48 , 157,135,7','6,18',J J',1' 21 ',16'," ,157, 1 '3,7' ,76,121, 1 78 8
5628 DATa 7',7.,281,13,144,25,722,13', 6860 DATA 78,16',1,157,15' , 7','6,16',1
7', 7 4 , 195,16,141 , 181 ,7 ',188,1668 ,157 ,15',7' , '6,18' , 127,7'.1 787
5630 DATA 13',7',11 7,1 76,136,1 '5,176,2 6 8 7 0 OAT4 141 , 184 ,7 ' , 16',3,1'1, 187;7',
08,288,152 ,2 05,181,7', 288, 24"3,'6,25'2 32,148,75,173 ,18 5 ,7',2',17 5 ,182 4
PAGE 164 THE A.N.A.L.O .G. COMPENDIUM VOL . 1

6888 DaTA 123,7',141,181,7',18',11',7' 6528 DATA 253,77,133,84,16',85,37,721,

,141,184,",16',6,141,187,",1'76 75,288,185,253,77,133,85,788,2267
68'8 OATa 12,1'8,75,173,185,7',24,18', 6538 DATA 185,253,77,133,84,16',85,37,
181.7',141,187,7',16',15,1'1,1817 7,76,288,76,116,73,'6,1'7,17"
6180 DATA 184,",32,148,75,173,185,7', 6540 DATA 182,1'1162 8 L I68 L 8,185,167 , 7
24,18',230,76,133,178,173,186,2864 ' , 74,185,1,' , 16, 53, 16',14u'
6110 DATA ".11',231,76,133,1",165,18 6550 DATA 7',711,76,288,11,16',16,153,
8,24,125,11'L"·lIJ,188.165,181 L 2178 167,7',788,157,281,6,288,238,7186 v
6128 DATA 18~.8,lJ3.181,J68.8.1'7,178, 6568 DATA 237,74,236,181,7',788,221,17
1'5,180,288,152.281.15,288,2'6.2281 4,182,7',37,786,73,'6,168,86,226'
6138 DATA ",18',.,288,2.,281,',288,73 6578 DATA 173,48,2 1 133.188,173,4',2,13
Lle',lZL288,2',281,8,288,18'5 3,181,177,188,7',IU5,7,13J,1788
bl.B DATA 65.169,8,1'2,181,",152,2',2 658& DATA 178,280,177,188,133,17',1'7,
85,181,".2'8.3',18',135,7',1'58 182,7',162,5.168,',18',167,7',7712
6158 OATA 2' , 217,1'3,",176,38,2.,105, 65'8 DATA 1'5,178,708,782,152,281,6,28
8,2',217 , 1'3,7' , 1",21,18',1623 8,2'.,17',182,7'L'6,168,86,173,2.86
6168 DATA 13',",2',217,147,7',176,12, 6688 DATA '8,7,IJI,188,173,",7,133,18
24,185,15,24,217.147,7',144,1628 1,177,188,2. , 185,'5,133,178,1743
6170 DATA 3,76,'8,71,288,152,24,281,4, 6618 DATA 288,177,188,133,17',168,8,16
2.8,280,'6,16',1,157,15',181' ',65,145,178,288,152,281,18,748,738'
6180 DATA 7','6,222,163,7',16',1,153,1 6679 DATA 5,285,1'2,7',288,7'1,16',8,1
5',7',18',163,7' , 24,29J,8 , 1856 45L178 . '6,160,86,173~'8,7.1'87
61'0 DATA 248,1,'6,16',1,141,1'7,7',16 66J8 DATA 133 188,17J,4',2 133 181 177
',2,157 , 11 7 , 7' , t52 , 201 , 0 , 1811 ,188,133,178,288,177,189,133,17',2388
6288 DATA 240 , ' , 138,281,0,249,31,286,1 6640 DATA 168,8,185,118,78,781,755,248
'4 , 7' , '6,173,J'1.7',14J,184,2282 ,',2',233,31,1'5.178,288,16,7133
6218 OATA 7',16',18,141,187,7',32,148, 6658 OATA 66,74,'6,32,1",76,16',8,141
75,173,185,7',141,161,7',32,17'0 ,181,7'.32,82,73,16',8,1'64
6228 DATA 15',73,286,1" , 7','6,286,1'2 6668 DaTA 141,1'8,2 , 178,157,8,788,157,
,7',173,1'2,7',281,8,248,1,7178 4,788,157,1 , 218,157,1,71.,1'88
6238 DATA '6 , 76 , 83,7',173,1'6 , 7',281,2 6678 DATA 732,22',.,788,23',168,8,185,
,748,1',281,0,248,48,16' , 18'7 37,7'.7',281,755,2'8 , ',2',7121
6240 DATA 2,14J , 1'6 , 7',168,O,148,1'8,7 6688 DATA 233,31,145,88,298,76,11',7', v
, 16' , 175,141 1,718,172 ,1'8,2861 168,12,162,8,18'.167,7',145,1888
6250 DATA 7',288 , 148,8 , 718,288,148,8,2 66'8 DATA 88,136,232,22.,6,708,745,32,
18 , 288,148,8, 7 18 , 280 , 148,8,786' 18',7',168.38,167,8,18' , 781,2171
6268 DATA 218 , 288,148 , 8,218,152,24,281 6788 DATA 7'.1'5,88,136 , 232,224,6,208,
,248 , 176,4,148,1'8,7','6 , 16',273' 745,16',255,141,252 , 2,173,252,7687
6278 DATA 8,141,1'6,7',141,1,218,'6,14 6710 DATA 2,781,755,248 , 24',76,38 , 6.,1
8 , 183, 7',173,1'7,7', 28J,8,1'16 68,5 , 185 . 167,7',24,733,8,1'78
6288 DATA 248 , 41,281,7,748,15,16' , 7,14 67 28 DQTA 24,717,281,7',176,15,74,105,
1,1'7 , 7',16',143,141,3,210,1"3 l L 21',781,7',I",6,136,152,1177
62'0 DATA 16' , 8,141,1",7'1172,1",7' , 6'38 DATA 781,255,788,738,'6,168,.,185
J48,2,218,288,148 , 2,218,15z,28'4 ,167,7',153,281,7',788,157,281,7567
6388 DATA 281 L 248,176,7 L I48,1",7',172 67'8 DATA 6,298,2'4,'6,162,8,16',8,157
,183,7','6,167,8,141,1",7',7158 ,4,288,157,8,288,157,8,1776
6318 DATA 141,3 , 218,172,183,1','6,16', 6758 DATA 218,157,1,718,237,77',4,288,
7,141,181,7' , 32,82,73,16',1817 23',37,54,75,173,1'4,7',7',7116
6328 DATA 46,141,47,2,16' , 3,141,2',288 6760 DATA 281,8,288,3 , 738,.'1,7'.173,1
,16',288,141,1'2,2,16',56,1715 '1,1',2',781,8,14',33,16',1"7
6330 DATA 141,1'3,2 , 141,1'4,2,141,1,5, 6778 DATA 1,1'1,1'1,7',168,8,16',298,1 v
2 16' ° 141 1'7 7' 141 1'6,1'34
6140 6AtA 7~,16~,16.,111,7,212,160,1,1
'1,181,7',148,183,7',32,15',1'35
6780 DATA 73,172,J83,7',288,148,183,7'
48,1'1,7',16',3,141,1'2,7',1867 ,157 , 281,5,288,241,238,1'2,7',7425
6358 DATA 16',16,162,8,157,167 , 7',232, 61'0 DATA 32,127,72,76,'4,64,16',175,1
224,6,288,248,32,43,14,16',1'86 '1,1 , 210,162,0,165,88,133,165'
6368 DATA 8,141,1,218,141,8 L 218,141,3, 6888 DATA 178LI6SL8'LI33,17',32L86,75,
210,141,2,718,141,207,7',18J7 732,724,16,28G,246,ID',8,141,71D7
6370 DATA 173,1'1,7',24,281,8,176,21,1 6818 DATA 1,218,141,8,218,'6,1'2,182,7
68,185,110 , 7',141 , 1'6,2,16',1'73 ',162 , 0,32,176,75,165,178,17"
6388 DATA 8 , 141,1'8,7,141,1'7,7',141,1 6828 DATA 24,J8',1'3,75,11l,178 ,1 65,17
'6,7',37,114,73,11 2 ,1'1 , 7' , 1835 ',185,0,133,17',738,1",7',173,2166
63'8 DATA 148,18',7',16',' , 1'1,187 , 7', 6838 DATA 1"L7'~I'IL81218L237L72. , 7' ,
37,1'8 , 75,16',3,1'I,J",7',187' 298,27S,17',IG2,",'D, 68,6,2208
6488 DATA 173,788,7',781,2,248,8,16',4 6848 DATA 177,178,2.,47,145,178,177,17
,1'1,1'5,7' , 76 , 217,72,16',1875 8,74 , '7,1'5,178,788,152,205 , 1'3 , 2238
6'18 DATA 1,141,1'5 , 7',16',2,1'1,252,2 6850 DATA 7' , 288,237,'6,16' , 8,1.1,185,
,J6',48,141 , 1'3,7',173,185,1'62 7',1'1,186,7',147,182,7',162,7165
6428 DATA 7',2' , 733,3,168 , 24,185,4,I'J 6868 DATA 8,10,46,186,7',1.,187,7',1'4
,181 , 7'L 16 7 L8 ,185,.6 , 78,1512 , ' , 24,18',184 , 7' , 1",3,1385
6.38 DA,O 1~7 , 8 , 288,157 , 135,7' , 185,78, 6870 DATA 238 , 186,7',282,288,235 , 1.1,1
78,157,13',7' , 173,1'1,7',151,2852 85 , 1',17',182,7' , '6 , 1'7,182,7',7'87
6"8 DATa 163,7',16',8,157,131,7',157, 6889 DATA 16',8,162,8,1' , 188,7','2,785
1'3 , 7',157,15' ,7 ' , 708 , 237 , 152,2136 ,1'0,7',1",6,237,1 ' 8,7',17'2
6458 DATA 785,181,7',788,216,16',1,1'1 68'8 DATA 238,188, 7 ',282,788,238,141,1
, 163,7' , 168,0,16',8,153,128,2852 8' , 7',17',182,7' , '6,141,181,7',24'4
6460 DATA 185,153,8,186,153,178,186 , 15 6'80 DATA 142,187,7',148,183 , 7',16',11
3,8,187,153,128,187,780,157,281,1'52 ,141 , 114,3,16,,8,141 , 178 , 3~1676
6478 OATO 178,288,233,16',1,141,123,7' 6'10 DATA 1'1,171 , 3,167,48~173,181,7' ,
,141,124 , 7',141,125,1',1'1,126,7838 32,86,228,174,187,7',172,183,28.4
6480 DO To 7',16',J,141,127,7',16',8,14 6'29 DaTA 7','6 , 141,251,2,142,182,7',1
1,128,7',141,17',7' , 141 , 118 , 1733 '9,183,7',16',17,141,11',3,1818
6"0 00 TO 7','6 , 16',3,141,11',3,16',36 6'38 DOTA 162,'8,32 , 86,728,174 . 182 , 7',
,141,116 ,3 ,16',6',1'1,117 , 1561 172 , 183,7','6,3 7 ,J'4,76,16',I"7
6509 DATO 3,16',28,141,122,3,173,181,7 6"0 DATA 2 , 141,181 , 7',32,82,73 , 16',8,
,,141 , 123,3~16 7 ,'8,32,86,1"4 141 , 1'8, 2 ,165,88, 2 ',185 , 1482
6510 OATft 2z8 , '6,160,O,185,25J,77,7',2 6'50 DATA 61,133,178.165,8',185,8,13 3 ,
81,255,2'8 , 3' , 133 , 85,288,185,2356 17',168,9,185,163,78,701,255,2885
VOL . 1 THE A.NAL.O.G . COMPEND IUM PAGE 165

6'68 DaTa 2~8,',24,233,31,14S,178,288, 7480 DATA 32,32,(',12,45,12,7',78,6"J

76,5',76,32,295,76,32,285,1821 2,80,76,65,8',6',82,'41
6'79 DATA 76,32,285,76,32,285,76,32,28 7418 DaTA 32,32,J2,32,32,32,58,32,45,1
5,76,16',255,141,181,1',32,1872 2,84,87,7',37,88,76,78'
6'80 DATA 61,65,32,61 ,65,32,61,65,32, 6 7428 DATA 65,8',6',82,255,83,67,7',82,
1,65,32,61,65,32,61,851 6',58,32,32,32,32,32,1158
6"0 DATA 65,32 ,1'4,76,16',2,141,181,7 7418 DATA 32,12,32,32,72,73,45,83,67,7
',32,82,73,16',8,141,1'8,1634 ',82,6',58,32 L32,12,852
7888 DaTa 2,165,88,24,185,48,133,178,1 7448 DATA 32,~2,32,32,12.32 , J2,32,32,l
65,8',133,17',168.8,185.218,1864 2,32,37,32 12,37 32 512
7819 DATA 18,281,255,249 ,',2 4,233,31,1 7450 DaTA 32,37,3Z,iz,88,82,6,,81,83,3
45,178,288,76,142,76,32,1'4 ,2114 2,65,18,8',32,75,6','65
7828 DATA 76,1 6', 255,141,252,2, 173,252 7469 DATA 8',12,84,7',32,67,7',78,84,7
,2,Z4,281,38,248,14,24,201,2856 1,78,85,6',255 t 8,6,11'0
7838 DaTA 31,248,3,76,166,76,16',1,141 7418 DATA 52,IBl,I",167,54,162,176,52
,2 88 ,7','6,1 6' ,2,141,208,17' 8 ,4',155,138,27,5',5',1,4',1588
7848 DATA 7','6,16',12,141,114,3,162,4 7488 DATA " ,
8 32,86 228 '6 16' 1 141 1577
7858 DAtA 1;6,~,,32 ,188,~1,16,,2,141,1
81 " 32,61,65,173 ,1'6,7' 1716
1868 DATa 281,',288,218,'6,51,242,76,8
•
,186,128,186,8,187,128,187,17'4
7179 DATA 128,195,14','2,76,44,28,12,1
2,12,12,12,4,4,4,4,68' CHECKSUM DATA
7888 DATA 1 2, 12,28 ,12,2 04 ,12 4 ,1 2,12,12
LI2 ,12 ,4,4,4 ,4, 12,488 (See pgs. 7-10)
'1'8 DATA 12,28,12,12,28,188,284,12,12
,12 ,4 , 4,4,4 ,12, 4',517
7188 DATA 58,58,52,56,48,48,48,48,48,3 18 DATA 48, 253,'83,'81,241,241,100,417
2,12 , 12 L 32,48,48,56,736 ,5 42 ,151,111,71 4 ,681,587,73,6125
7118 DAIA 48,51,62,48,48,48,48,48,32,3 168 DATA 388,656,688,48',744,36',665,2
2,32,32,48,48,56,48,72' 16,287,'36,618,222,8'8,866,848,8714
7128 DATA 48,56,54,51 , 48 ,48,4 8,32,32,3 5138 DaTA 424,' 3,577,8",73,1'8,526,81
2,32,48,148 , '2,76,44,881 8,418,8'4,64',567,784,616,248,76'6
7130 DATA 28,12,12,12,12,12,18,18,',', 5280 DATA l'O, 256,17 8 ,28 8,65,154 L421,1
27,12,28,12,284,124,533 88,88e,242,'8,24(,22',455,274,42~8
7149 DATA 12 , 12,12,12,12,18,18"",77, 5438 OATA 218,844,341,16',242,846,524,
12,28,12 , 12 , 28,188,325 838,'28,'16,142,418,'64, 255,26',7'16
1159 DaTA 204,12,12,12,18,18,',',27,4' 5580 DATA 784,114,537,80,588,881,612,5
,58,58,57,56,48,48,666 68,33,580,464,87,'64,'25,'(3,7774
7168 DATA 48 , 48,48,88,88,144,144,216,4 5730 DATA 88,132,385,118, 1 45 ,571,26 1,8
8,56 , 48 L51,62,48,48,48,1717 88,121,'57,347,144,2'5,627 ,34 8,5367
7178 DAIa 48,48,88,88,144,144,216,48,5 5888 DATA 484,413,'26,8" , 574 ,585,2 47,
6,48,48,56,54,51,48 , 48,1217 168,5'5,121, 488,144,612,567,185,7250
7189 DATA 48,88,81,144,144,216,128,~,2 6818 DATA 514,574,278,178,568,441,418,
,8,6 4 ,8,18,128,4,32,18'2 57',717,718,171,553,258,585,213,6645
71'8 DATa 2,4 , 8,4,8 ,2 ,1,4,1,128,8,5,1, 6188 DATA 128,288,441,558,265,261,4'2,
2,8,64,224 58,314,77,281,451,572,88,6,4866
7289 DATA 1 ,7, 4,2,8,2,8,8,8,8,2,8,1,8, 6338 DATA 2(4,261,2'1,114,575,265,112,
128,8,142 6',287,8'4,485,571,488,561,78' , 6126
7210 DATA 8 , 1,7,1,8,8 , 8,8,0,1,8,8,8,1, 6488 DATA 51' ,1 6,227,324,341,184,'61,3
0,8,5 11,486,1'3,575,827,578 ,658 ,'8,6114
7270 DATA 8,8,8,8,8 ,8,8,8, 8 , 8,8,8,8,8, 6638 DATa 863,474,891 , "4,'60,510 , 417 ,
0,8,8 54',241.257,77',745,213 , 41,51',8463
7238 DATA 8,8,1,8, 3,8,6,7,0,1 , 3,7,6, 8, 6780 DATA 563,46,158 , 1' ,8 78,51',714,45
0,15',1'8 1,881,'35,227,'58,22',356,281,7J41
7249 DATA 8,15',0 ,15',28,15',52,15' , 73 6'38 DATA 588,'4',388 L"7,278,654 ,265 ,
,15',78,8,78,0,78,8,1187 4'8,4'1,14',156,227,1',214,38',6188
7259 D~TA 58,8,38,8,8,48,8,48,40,48,48 7888 DATA 2'L48L626,632,407,484,227,1'
,88 ,41 ,118,78,118,6'8 8 , 77',788,18~,4z,776,60,,5'8 , 6882
7268 DAT~ 64,188,8,188,48,118,48,138,4 7218 DATA 864 , 4'2 , 66,815,558,78,651, 3 4
8.255,1'2,48,12,3,51,75,1251 1,368,5(1,55',547,555,576,677,7636
7278 DATA 112,176,51,'6,168,1'7,51,58, 7188 DATA 577,578,6'8,637,616,653,518,
128,1'2,51,72,128,128,51,51 , 168' 781,711,74,'88,65'7
728 0 DAT~ '1,154,51,112,16 8,1'2 ,51,51,
136,1'7,51,24,50,12,58/;32 , 146'
72'8 DATA 38,38,58,6 4 , 4,72,58 ,32,6 4,5
, •
6,58,18 ,6' ,64,58 , 18,7'7
7380 DATA 18,18,58,58.72,48,58,24,72,5
0,56,24,24,6',3,12,642
7118 DATA 48,1'2,1,2,4.8,83,67,7',82,6
',58,32,48,48,48,86' 32 K D isk revision.
7128 DATA 48,48,48,32,32,J2 , 32,32,32,3
2 32,12 32 32 32 12 568
7i38 DAtA i2,iz,i7,i2,32 , 32,32,32,32,3
2,37,12,J2,32,77,6',5'4 18 Rf" ~NIAC 32K DI~K CHA NG ES
7348 D~Ta 78,58,255,1Z,32 ,32,3 2.32,77, 158 ? "USERT DISK WITH DOS, PRf5~ RET
65,78,73,65,67,33,32,1041 UAN"; :01" INSU) :INPUT IN$:OPEN #1,8,8
7150 DATA 12,32 1 3Z L3Z L12,32 ,32,32,32,3 "D:aUTORUlI.SY5"
2,12,32,32,12 ,6~ ,8~,6Bl 5888 DATa 255,255,6,64,127,7',16',68,1
41 , 2,211,16, , 11',141,731,2~7911
7368 DAT~ 32,32,3Z,32,32,32,32,32,32,3
2,32,32,32,82,71,67,638 748 9 DQTA 18,8,11,8,18,64,274,2,225,2,
7178 D~TA 75,12,77 ,6 ',81,81,78,6', 8 2,2 38,64 , 8,8,8,8 ,678
55 t 88,82 ,6',83 t 8 3,32,1132 74'8 DATA " ,
738 0 DA TA 4',lz,7',82,32,58,32,32,32,3
2,12 ,3 2,12,32,12.12.6 44
71'. DATA 32,32,12.J2,J2,32,J2,J2,12,3 •
2 , 32,32,32,12,12,32,512
PAGE 166 THE A.N .A. L.O.G. COMPEND IUM VOL. 1

HARVEY WALLBANCiER
v

16K C a ssette 24 K Disk

by C harles Bachand
v
Machine language games are the wave of the ATA RI Macro Assembler packa,ge. v
future. They are the games that attract you with their There arc two BASIC programs before the
graphics, thei r speed, and their playability. They are machine language listing of Harvey Wallbanger. The
also the games that seW Since it is inherently more first is a disk file maker program to get the game up v
difficult to write games in machine language, and and running faster than typing in the Assembler
since the author of a machine language game has a lot source listing. The second BASIC listing contains
of his time inv(.'Sted in it, it is undcrstandable that he modifications to the first to make a cassette hoatable
would rather sell it than give it away. Cold cash mach inc language tape (or the cassette~bound crowd.
usually speaks loudly. Personally, I prefer the fame. To makc a disk version of Harvey Wallbangcr, you
So, for your enjoyment, herc is Harvey nced a formatted disk with a version of DOS lion it.
Wallbanger with the full machine language source Load the disk maker program into the computer's
listing for the programers out there who like to RAM hut do nOt run the program. Next, insert a
modify games. formatted disk containing DOS II into the disk
Here is a very quick description of the game: drive. Run the program. The computer will printout
v
Harvey Wallbanger is situated in the middle of a the line numbers o( the DATA statements that the
clos('d~in room. He may move freely within the program is reading. These numbers start at 1000 and
room (that part of the screen within the four walls) end at 2000 with incrcmcntsof 10. After reading line
but the room is constantly gettingsmaller (the walls 2000 the d isk drive will turn on and an AUTORUN-
:Ire moving in on our rabbit friend.) Harvey is .SYS' File will be written our to the disk. To play the
allowed to touch thc left and right hand walls, but he game, simply removc all the cartridges and reboot
will be killed if flattened by these tWO walls. He is with this new disk.
under no circumstances allowed to touch the top and To make a cassette version of this program
bottom walls, (or they are highly electrified. requires a sli ghtly different procedure. After the disk
All is not lost for Harvey, however. He does have version o( the program is in memory, add the
his patented "Wallbanger Gun" to shoot at the changes (or the cassette maker program and run it.
walls and make them move away. His only problem The program will rcad through all the data and then
is that the speed of thc moving walls constantly the computer will beep twice. At th is time insert a
incrcases with time. Numbers will appear on the blank cassette [ape in the program recorder and set it v
screen that Harvey may collect. These numbers will up for record hy pressing the record and play
be added to his score. The faster you collect the buttons on the recorder. \Ve now hit the return key
numbers, the bigger the final score. The numbers as if we werc doing a eSA VE and wait. The v
may not be within the confines of the now~receding computer is now recording the machine language
wall and this will necessitate that Harvey shoot back program ontO the cassette tape. Once it is through
v
a wall to access the numbers. Also, Ha rvey cannot YOll can boor the program by rewinding the tape,
shoot the numbers as this will kill off that particu lar powcring down the computer, and turning on the
number and generate a new one someplace else. computer while holding down the start key. The
As you read the Assembler listing for the game computer will beep once, press play o n the recorder,
you will notice that there are no line numbers in the and press return on the computer. The program will
source code. This is due to the fa ct that I am using the load from the casscn e and run automatically. 0
 VOL. 1 THE A.N.A.L .O.G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 167

Basic listing. 1111 DATA 2.142 . 25.2.142 . 26.2.18'.47.5

2.48 . 7.157.'2.58.68421
1148 DATA 212.76.248.53.162 , 8,18'.58,5
2,48.7.157,151,58,232.62136
18. RE" HARVEY NALLBANGER 1158 DOTO 76L254L53,76~18'656,173,12.2
11. REM DISK MAKER PROGRAM 88,141,236.5'.17~.4.28G,64 52
128 REM 1168 DOTA 141,237.57.171,226,57,48.',2
138 DIM PROG$(16181:PNTA=1 86,226,57,74,',168,141,65873
1.8 LINE="I:TAAP 228 1378 DOTO 7,218,111,221,57,48,8,286,22
158 LINE=LINE+18:fOR COUNT=1 TO 15 3.57.',1'2,141,1,218,67618
168 READ 8YTE:PROG$(PNTR1=CHR$(BYTE1 1181 DATA 1136224L57~48~8~286.224,57"
178 PNTR=PNTR+l:TOTAL=TOTAL+BYTE ,128,141,3,21 ,17~,2z5,a'~24
188 NEXT COUNT:? "LINE:"; LINE 11" DOTA 57~2386225L57.Z38i225,57.238
1'8 READ CHECKSUM ,225,57,141,4,21 ,17~,Z46,1 '15
288 If CHECKSUM=TOTAL THEN 158 1488 DATA 57,24I,Z6,238,246,57.238,1'2
218 ? "BAD CHECKSUM: LINE ";LINE:STOP ,2,238,1'2,2.173,1'2,2,7"18
228 IF PE£I(I'51=6 THEN 2.8 1418 DOTA 18,18,18,141,2,218,16',136,1
238 ? "8AD DATA: LINE ";LINE:STOP 41,3.218,76,18',56,171,15546
2.8 OPE. 1U.8,8,"D:AUTORUN.SYS" 1428 DATA 22',51,241,13,286,22',57,173
258 PAINT Ul;PAOG$;:END ,21',51,281,28,248,3,216,77784
" , REM 1438 DATA 21',57,173,238,57,248,13,Z86
1888 DATA 255,255,8,52.216,57,76,11,52 231,51 173.228,57 281 284,88841
,112.112.112,112,11,7.1561 1448 DAtA 248,3,23',22i,57,173,231,57.
1818 DATA 58,1,7,7,7,7,7,7.7,7,112.112 248,16,286,231,57,171,221,82484
,78,27.52,285~ 1458 DATA 57.141,2.288,281,3',248,1,28
1828 DOTA 65,3,52,242,225,226,226,233, 6,221,57,173,232,57,248,84481
244,2.3,218.211,1'2,243,227,.'84 1468 DOTA 16.286,232.57,173.222,57,141
1818 DATA 23',242,22',218,288,288,288, ,l,288,Z81,288.Z.8,1,218 L86686
288,183,'7,18',181,8.8,111.7185 1478 DATA 222,57,16',8,1~3,77,1'1.234.
1848 DATA 118,181,11,,128.112,114,181, 57,141,235,57,173,128,2,88584
115.115,8,8,115,116,'7,11',8645 1408 DATA 281,15,241,16,165,28,'1,7,28
1858 DATA 116,128,216.32,181,228,16'.2 8,18,16'.16,141,2,218,8"65
11,141.35,52,16',3,1'1,245,18632 14'8 DATA 16',4,141,22',51,171,128,2,5
1868 DATA 57,16',2.8.141,.1,52.141 •••• 6,233.5,18,178,165.28,'1514
V · 52,141,45,52.1.1,'6,52.12816 1588 DATA 186,186.186,186,18',168,51,1
1878 DATA 16',68,141,228,57,1.1,26,2.3 44 3,18',182 57 113,128 18','316'
2,228,56,168,2 L32,231,13573 1518 DOTA 16i,5~,144,3,i8,,181,S7 , 13J,
1888 DATA 56.1~6,16,258.16,,3,1'1,48.2 12',162,3,78,128,2,176,'4'66
.16',52,141,4',2,16'.1"76 1528 DATA 16,18',28',57,248,3,1'1,23',
10'1 DATA 4,141,111,2,16',48,141,21',5 57 18',213 57,2'8,1,141,'6'55
7,16',1'6,1'1,228,57,16',16812 15i8 DATA 215,57!282,16,212,173,236,57
1118 DATA 68,1'1,221,57,141,2,288 •.16', ,281,12,288,',28b.15,52,'8886
18~,I'I,Z22,57,141,3.288,18167 1548 DATA 286,245,57,218.246,57,41,4,2
1111 DATA 16',122,1'1,217,57.16',55,1' 48,8,238,217,57,16',8,188'8'
1,218,57,16',46,1'1,47,2,28518 1558 DATA 141,23.,57~173,236,57,41.8.2
1128 DATA 16',3,1'1~2',288,16,,'8,141, 49,8,286.217,57,16',8,182753
7,212,16',158,1'1,1'8.2,22385 1568 DATA 141,234,57,24,173,21',57,185
1138 DATA 16',72,141,1",2,16'.24,141, ,4,7.,295,218,57,144,',184474
1'2,2,16',152,141,1'3,2 , 24873 1518 DATO 286,35,52,286,245,57,238.246
1148 DATA 16',52,141.1'4,2,16',1'6,141 ,57,173.218,57,185.18,18,18638'
,1'5,2,16',1,1'1,233.57,25'35 158. DATA 295,22',57,1'4,',286,35,52.2
1151 DATA 162,53,161,284.16',1,32,'2.2 86,2.5,57,218,2'6,57,24,1883'.
28,16',131,1'1,38,2,16',276'8 15'1 DATO 173,217,57.18',234,57,141 ,21
1168 DATO 53,1'1,3' ,2, 16',153,141,48.2 7,57,141,8,288,2',173,218,118416
,16',51,1'1,41,2,16'.2'811 1688 DATA 57,18',235,57.141,218,51 , 178
1178 DATA 1,141,25 , 2,16',8.141.38,288, ,168,',177,128,157.',5'.112132
1'1,246,57,141.227 57,385" 1618 DATA 232,2"~1'2,14,288,2'5,173,1
1188 DATA 141,223~57,141,22.,57 , 141,14 32,2.285,233,57,1'1,233,57.11"56
, 218,162,3,157 L 22',51,157 L 32572 1628 DATA 176,63,173,23.,57,13,235,57,
11'8 DATA 247,~1,157,251,~7,157.255,57 288,5,238,233,57,288,58 , 116.63
, 157,3,58.282,16,238 , 178,34654 1618 DATA 16',64,141,225,57.16' , 4,141,
1288 DATA 157 , 128,4',157,8,58,232,218, 5,218,238,2'4,57,113,24',118684
2'1,16' 255 151,8,51 232 36146 16.8 DATO 57,41,3,178,113,234,57,18,15
1210 •• t. 28.,250 232 138,.1 1.17 •• 18' 7,255,57,173.235,57,18,1282'3
21',51 74 8 z85, i 1,212 lG76 1 1658 DATA 157,3,58,2',173,217,51,185,3
1228 DAtA 288 , 251.1'1,16,212,~8.1., , 3 , ,157,247,57,173,218,57 121'"
141,18,212,173,18~218,41,48567 166' DOTA 185,8,157,Z51, 57,16',8,178,1
1238 DATA 2.6,141.26.288,168 , 18 , 16' , 8, 57,128.",212,16,258,162.123'18
157,15,288,141,18,212,173,42441 1618 DATA 3,18' , 255,57,2',3,58,248,127
1248 DATA 18 , 218,'1.246,1'1.26 ,Z 88 , 116 ,18',251,57.24.125,3,125528
,288,237,173,288,2.141,26,44'48 168. DATA 58,157,251.57,168.18,185,2.2
1258 DOTA 288,173,2'5 , 57,248,8 ,113 , 246 85,228,57,144.12,32,288.127286
.57,16,3,76,"~S2,171,46274 16'8 DATA 56,18',238,57,1.1,238,57,76,
1268 DATA 31,288,41 , 1 , 288,177,76,71,52 31,56,233,12,285.21'.57,128'75
,173,228.57,281,2,248,48848 1788 DATA 176,',32,288,56,18',22',57,1
1278 DATA 3 ,2 86,228,57,16',I,141,25 , Z. 41,22',51,185,128,4',2',13866'
'6,113,228,57,141,26,4'5'1 1718 DOTA 34,57,153,128,4',185.12',4'.
128. DOTA 2.238.21' , 57.286,228,51 , 238. 2',34 57,153 12',4',18',1328'3
221.57,173,221,57,141,2,51782 1728 60TA 8,288,16B,8.186,l~~,3,76.1'5
12" DATA 288,286,222.57.173,222,57,14 ,56,28',1'2,4,288,2'5,1338'8
1 3,288,238 227,57,173.227 54121 1739 DATA 24,18',241,51,125,255 , 57.157
li88 DATA 57.41,1,178,18'.287,51,1.1 , 8 ,247,57,157~4,288,285,222,136181
,218,16',8,141,221,57 ,557'2 1748 DOTA 57,14',12,32 t 288.56,18',232,
1318 DATA '6,173,2'6,51 ,288,68,171,245 57,141.232,57,76,111,5b,137681
,57,288,55,J2,228,56,162 L57848 1758 DATA 233,6,285,221,57,116,'.32,28
1328 DATA 8iI42,1,218LI4ZL1,218,142,5~ 8,56,18',231,57,141,2Jl~11'6SJ
21',1'2~7.2 8,142,24,~'Cl. 176' DATA 51.282.48,3,76,232,55,162,3,
 PAGE 168 THE A.NAL .O.G. COMPENDIUM VOL. 1

16'il,Z',25S,57,Z',141838
177' DATA J/;S8,212,16!Z47,281,.,288,I, Assembly listing.
141 5 218,1 ' , ' 18,14z562
1788 6AlA 237,57,144,'1,32,11,57,185,2
38,51,12,32,231,56,184,14411'
17" DATA 168,24I,2J,162.J!254,4J,52,1
8' 4J 52 281 218 288 8,145,78
18'. 6ATA 16;.2.'.15~.4J.52.2'2.16.2J8
,136,280,233,76,18',56,281,148161 twlVEY WAlllWlGER by Char I fS Buhand
1811 DATA 1'2,3,288,28'.141,18.288,16,
'8,228,138,12,32,11,51,1"868
1821 DATA J2,231,56 , 1".17',16,111.56,
1".8,157,255,51,151,3,151'" CopYricjlt <C) (982 ~OG Magazine
1838 DATA 58,24,16' , 8.'6,162,28',16',8
,157,6,58,282,288,258,153261
18" DATA '6,174,18,211,224,28.,116 ,2 4
, 18' 7 58 21. 2" 173 18 1554.'
1658 6.t. t18 ,4 1.1~ , 2.1.J'.176,2'7.151
------------------------
Opeuting Systm Equates
,2J8 . 51,25i284,57~157~7~157287
1861 DATA 58~138~153.241~57,'6,16',8 ~ 1 ------------------------
'8 241,57,157,7 58,173 , 15'882 HPOm : $0118 iplayer 8 hor izontal posit ion
18~8 DATA 18,216,41,31",16,141,6,218, som i_issi I. 8/playfield (011 ision
16' 3' 141 226,57,'6 168475 MiPf :

1886 DATA i,12 ~ 48,I,t,. , .,18,18,68,116 HPOSP2 : SOII2 jplayer 2 horizontal position
,68,28,38,62 L63,161177 If'OSP3 : som jplayer 3 horizontil posit ion
18'8 DATA 12~,8"LIILI8,68,116,6.,28,3 1I'0Sl18 : SOll4 i.issih 8 horizontal ros ition
'~62,62,247.',8,1~1'6' pgPf : S0184 iplayer e/~laYfield (0 I iS lons
1'" DATA 72 L88 , 68 L46/;68,56,128.124,25 PlPl : SDIIC jp layer a 0 player (oi l isions
2,126,',8,286,88,68,1 3333 . lim : SOIlF itllyer 2 raphiCS reg Ister
1'18 DATA 46~68,56 ,1 28,124,124,23,,8,8 COLBK IOIIA
,66 , 36,68,28,68,24,164368
: i ackrroon (olor
1'28 DATA 68,126,126,231,8,8,66 , 36 , 68, ~L : SOliD ;gr~ ICS contro l re9 ister
48 68 24 68 126 , 126 16558' HITCLR : SOliE jcol 15 100 ' HIT ' (l eu
l,i8 6AT& 2il ~ 8,8~6',36,68,28,68,24,68 coon. : SOIIF ;(onsole swi tch por t
,126,254,7,8,8,166455 AIIOFI : S0218 jaudlo frequency 1
1'48 DATA 34,36,68,48.68,24,68,126 , 127 AUDCI : .0281 jaud io l,IollJlll' 1
224 ,8,B,68 L36,68,167418 AIIOF2 : S02i2 jaudio frequ ency 2
1'58 DATA 68,68 , 24 , 68,182 , 254,7,'~8,34
AOOC2 : .0283 ;audio 1,I0 lUfll' 2
,36,68,68,68,24,168251 AIIDF3 : S0284 jaudio frequency 3
1'68 DATA 68,182 , 127,224 , ' , 8,62,57,62,
57,62,57,8,8,38,16'15' AIIDC3 : .0285 jaud io 1,I011Jlll' 3
1'78 DATA 57, 18,57,38,57, 8 , 8,118,57,13 AlJDf4 : sOl86 iaudio frequtnc y 4
4,57 , 86 , 57,74 , 57,178838 AUDC4 : .0287 jaudio 1,I01lllle 4
1'88 DATA 74,57 ,74, 57,8 , 8,58,57,58,57, ~01l1 : S02iA irand. nlftber generator
58,57,',8,122,178743 IR1lEII : S028E ilRO interrupt enable
1"8 DATA 57 ,1 46,57,'8,57,16,88 ,1 44,38 PltIiASE : S0417 jPIH base address
,41,1,255,8,',8,171733 WSYM: : S04iA ;Nil t fct' horizontal Sync
2888 DATA 8,1,255,226,2,227,2,8,52,8,8 VCOOO : $0410 i~an l ine (OOntfr
,8,8~8,8,1724'8
SfTI/IIJ : SE4:iC jSft l,Iertical blank uectct'
XITVIIi : SE462 juer t ical blank exit Vfctor
• SID INT
ATIIACT
:
:
SE465
S!l40
j5erlal I/O intt iilization
iatract IIOde counter
C HECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7;10) ---------------------
Syst~ Shadow Registers

188 DATA 81 7 L614,88,233, 884,712,13 , 66' ----------------- --

,51,47',1'3 ,,37,474,484 ,282,6'22 RTClOK : IUI2 jsrstm clock
2 58 DATA 285,126,878,68',583 L I8',136.4 C01llJI : $821B jsrstl'll tiller
6,,'88,631,8'4,11,31,76,166,~'84
1131 DATA 174,218,183,831.73',238,'7,7 CD1lIJ2 : Sa21A jsr stell tiller 2
4,168,'18 ,1 86~18 3,7 68 ,726 ,8'4,638' COTtV\1 : $9226 jsystell tiMr I \lector
1288 DATA 17',511,757,78.788,373,752,1 CO_ : 5mB jsystem t ilter 2 uec tor
",13,'3','6',26','52,'86,17,7686 SIl1CTL : $821F j(H:I control
1438 DATA 434,281,157,52,186,712,68',4 SOLSTL : S8238 jd isplay l Ist pO inter
87 , 32 ,226 ,188 ,'45,'4 8 ,1 '6 .25 ',5624 iJPRllll : $816F jl)"aph ics pr ict'itr
1588 DATA 66 , 458,25,38',36,287,281,236 STICK8 : SI17B jjoysttck 1
,268,727,38 , 33,86,84,'18 ,3676
1738 DATA 517,1',72,666,632,1'2,283,38 STRIG8 : $8184 jtr iqgfr I
3,285,1",'66,588,37,27',65',5537 PCOlRB : SI2CS ip layer a color
1888 DATA 368,328,886.663,821,12',3", PCDlRI : S81C1 ip layer I color
358 , 385,643,246,341 ,428 ,5' 8 7 PCDLR2 : S82Cl ip layer 2 color
PCOlR3 : $82C3 ip lay@r 3 color
v
• COLORl
COlIll3
:
:
Si1C6
$81C7
iplayfield 2 color
iglayf ipld 3 color
COlOR4 : tl2C8 i aclCground color
188 REM HARVEY MALl BAK'ER NOD S
11' REM CA55ETTE MAKER PROGRAM ---------------
Pige l.ro Vari ibles
128 REM
248 OPE. IU,8,128, "C:" ------------------
241 PAOCS(I,I) =CHA$(8)
242 PROG$C2,2)=CHR$(12) ORG SilBI jarea not us.d by 5YSft"
2'1 PROG$(3,3) =CHR$(258)
24 4 PAOGS(4,4)=CHRS(51) PIC OS 1 ;rabbi t I.ig@ pOinter
 ~
VOL 1 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM PAGE 169
~

~
-------------------------- "IRVEY ClD jc lul' eitel_'ll 41i19
Pliy,r I t11~silr Rf:t1 $jI:acr JSIl SIOINT ,stop cassl'tte
~
-------------------------- lM . ' 3'+SAljdisFlay for ' 3'
STA JH.t1 ;3 IIOJts (diso l ilY)
~ ORG S3888 jout of t'Jfryonrs way lM 13 j9ft 3 l lns
STA LIVES pnitiall2l' coont,r
~ f!1 OS tIS! :first ilru not us,d lM 1',' tfAljdisp l ay for ' I '
HISI. OS >81 ,tlis;i I, gl'lphlCS irU STA ~ jstorr In t~f -four
~ PlRI OS .81 iphytr I graph!CS aru STA 9imt! jbyb; 1J5.d for th,
PlRI OS >81 ipl ..",r 1 gr~hlcs aru STA 9'«11+2 iseorr displ.ay
~ PlR2 OS '81 iphiyer 2 griptllcs ilrfil STA ~lI1t3 jUta.
PlRJ OS S88 ;play,r 3 graphics aru IIIR£ lM 161 i~t I second count
~
STA TIH2ST js.t rrsrt valul'
------------------- STA CDlKJ2 ;set s)'stea Hat" 12
~ Prog'_ rntry pO int JSi ClSC~ :( !tar gall' playfi.ld
------.--.--------- lOY '2 ;dlsplll)' 3 nwbers (8-2)
~
INtr1S JSR PIJTNlt1 :put thf nUllbl'r on sernn
JI1P IWMY DEY ;deer,,,nt nUlbfr counttr
~
BPl INlI1S idont ytt? No.
-----------------
GaIlE! dlspln lis t
lM 'OL&SFF jYts. IIlrl byte OL addrtss
~
STA SDlSTl iDlJo lntrr <11M)
----------------- lM '0l.!256 jnl byte 01.. aderrss
~
STA SlllSTl+I jDl pointer (~II)
III DB t78,t71l j32 blank scan l ine, lM KI4 jset PF ovtr 'fER
~ DB S71,S78 STA Gf'RIOR iQr~hiCS prior ity
DB S47 jrod! Z I in@ ....... U1S tit t lM 148 jfi t lIItall
~ l1li DISP iaddr.ss of 9i't display STA BYlOC iShrtin~ locatton
DB "7,S97 j911Or' IIOdt 2 lints lM '1 96 illM lIIal
~ DB S87,S87 STA BYlOC+1 ;shrtin1,ocation
DB sa7.sa7 lM 168 ;Itft wa I
~ DB S17,S17 STA BXlOC istarting location
DB Sll STA tftSP2 jllarG.lart r@qist@r
~ DB S7I,S78 jsl[ IP 16 J, n@s lM 1184 jr tght liltal 1
DB ..,6 jllOdf Iii lit IIfIUtS ti l t ST• MOCti ;start ing location
~ IIW Sl.INE jaddnss of scor. Iln@ STA IfPOSP3 jt\;lIrIinrl! rl!glshr
D8 .." jJI.Ilp on !Jtrlical blank lM 1122 icenttr SCf"'fn-4 color clocks
~ IIW Dl ito start of dIsplay l Ist STA I¥IRX :Har~fv ' s initial X pos it ion
lM 155 jc.ntpr PIH-8 bytts
~
--------------- STA ~RY ;Har~@y ' s initial Y lIos itlon
Scort ll nr dah lDA 1It2E iset PII1 ~ on bl ts
--------------- STA SIJtCTl :stor. in L'WI contro l

~
- SliHE DB
D8
DB
' R' fSAi
' A' tSAl!
' B' tW
lM
STA
lM
STA
13 jset Pitt tnable bits on
GWlCTl ;storr in ~raphtCS contro l
*'11256 ;gel h l ~ yle of Pitt adO'
R'1BASE ;,o in t uciwart 10 it
DB
- DB
DB
' B' +SA8
' l ' ttA8
' T' +SA8
'S' +SA8
lM
STA
lM
1$96 j I ~I blut color
COlOR2 ide ault col()r 100 dark
1It4B ip ink color
~! STA
~
. :' +1A8 COlOR3 ;s.n btrt
lM IItIB i90'd co lor
~ ~tr1 DB 'J' itAl ;nll'lb.r oi rabb IIs STA PCDlR8 iStt rabbit color
DB ' ' tIM lM 1It98 ;blut co lor
~ DB 'S' tSAf! STA PCIllRI ;Stt IIlssil. I color
DB ' C'+SA8 lM ts34 ;rtd-oraner color
~ DB ' O' +SAI STA PCOlR2 jl.H liltal color
D8 ' R' +SA8 lM "C4 ;\Tern color
~ DB ' E'+tAB STA PCOlR3 ;r'ght lUll color

-
~
~tr1
DB
D8
DB
DB
' : ' +W
"'ftAl jseor. disp lay
"1' tSA8
"' fW
lM
STA
lOX
lOY
'1 jin.tial i2f tri1rf" ilig-
STRI6F ito no shol iiI',
fN256 jidd-.SS of W (HSB)
IN8t6FF :addr.ss of VB <lSB)
DB ' 8' tW lM 17 ;dtftrrtd !Jut leal blink OI3t
~
JSi SElVIPJ iStt d.ftr,.,d Vblank v"tOf'

-
~
-----------------
6_ 0'J'f" IIts~9f
-----------------
lM
STA
lM
STA
ITIWF jidd- of I Iaer I rootint lSS
CDTMI jStt tilfr I !JutOf' lSB
.TII256 ;add- of I,atr I routint /158
CDTWlhljs.t ttl.r I !Jl!ctor HSB
00'IS6 D8
~ DB ;~:w , lM
STA
1T2&fFF jida' of t ilter 2 routin. lSB
CDlt'IIZ jstt t i.,r 2 !J"tor lSB
' ;r l ,$88
-- P5I1S6
D8
DB
DB
' pr,s '
IS ' ,I I ' s'
lM
STA
lM
STA
1T2I256 jidcr of batr 2 roulinp /158
CD~2+ljstt tiltr 2 !JfCtor NSB
'1 jget 4.?-i stcend (ount
CDTl'fJI+ljstt systm h ,ur '1
DB ' hrt',iBl lM 18 iQtt a ltro
STA HlTClR :r.stt coll Is ion r.gisltrs
------------------- STA DIESW irabbit IS aim
~ Indial inlion Codt STA TlCTce ireset t letoc counter
-------------------
'-
~
 PAGE 170 THE A.N.A.L.O . G . COMPENDIUM VOL. 1 U

STA I.IX.I jstart .. i th no tictoc SOUI)d ------------------------------------ v

STA VIIl2 jshrt with no shuHh nom 5ystm tj"tr 12 inbrrupt bindleI'.
STA 1_ jdiublf all IRQ interrupts Ustd to.,..,e ..ails and Initiate ..all nOISf. ~

lOJ< 13 jSft indel uluf to 3 -------------------------------------------

WIN:Z STA WII(; X i2ero iii I I lIOY.r count.r v
STA SHOTX,X iz.ro X .issilf location T2 lM T1H2ST i9ft tilNr '2 ualu.
STA 9llTY.X juro Y.Issile location STA CDTtfJ2 jreset tilter 12 v
STA SIHCX,X juro:X lIissih Incr ... nt It«: SYlOC jllOlJe t~ ..all cbIn
STA SIJra',X j2ft'0 Y.issile IncteMnt OEC 8YlOCtl jllOllf be tm wall up v
OEX jnnt ~11 _Oller coonter It«: «OC jchifl9f left iii I I location
BPI. WIN:Z jllDre llill~.isslles? Yes. lM BXlOC j9f t n... 1oca t Ion ~

TAX jSft index to uro STA ~ jchan9f playet 2 fOSitlon

11111 STA HISl,X iclut Hissi Ie area DEC BXlOCtl jChngf right wal locatIon v
STA PlRl,X jclear Player I, I area lM BXlOCH j9ft nfW location
II« jda nut byte ST. HPDSP3 jchinge pi ayrr 3ri0s I t Ion v
IH INIl jdone yet? No. It«: TICTOC jincr... nt T1C-T count.r
lM KFF iturn on pil.ls lM T1CTOC iget eoonter ualue v
IH23 STA PLR2,X jSft Player 2, 3 area oN) I' jJust nud I eX' I ualue
II« ida nut byte TAX jUst fill' Index J
IH IH23 idone yet? No. lM HETRO,X i9ft soond frequency
STA AUDFI ichng. frequency v
------------------------.----------------- lM KIS i9l't uoltne ualue
Hain frogtMl us.d to generlh the diSflay. ST. VOll jsalle In yollJlle counhr v
Actua ~ don. entirely duting disp ay's RTS jreturn
verOn blank processing routine. J
------------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ----------
Dtferred Yertic~iI blank proc.ssing routine. v
HIIARS II« ,incr ..ent wal l pOlnt.r Here is where all the ilictual ~e plaYing
TXA jtrMlshr ~olntrr to Acc takes plice. This could be qUIte long. v
IW II i_ad off ewest bit -------------------------------------------
TAX jput back in X r'~lsttr \.II lM DIESII jribbi t ~ing?
'-'
lM BYlOC,X j~t ..all urtiu positiOfl
IH VBI jHe sure IS .
lSR A i iUlde by 2, odd=carry set v
PIIP jSilU, tilrry lag lM LIVES jillY lilies left?
VClEQ( OF I.OltM jCmlplrf WI th line counttr IH \.III j'h.re sure are. ~

IH UCHECI( 'not yeti JSR Q.SOIl iC Iear screen of n!.Drs

STA wsm: ;start ill neM line lDX 18 ,Initialize X wltb uro v
PlI' j~t urry +!ilg back STX AlIlCI jstop (ictoc sound
ace IKlIH j anch on .u.n lint nUbber STX AUDC2 jstop dY ing sound v
STA wsm: jlltilit for nut lin. Sf)( AlOC3 istop gun nOIse
IKlIH lM IWtlO1 jrana bilckround colOI' STX AlJDC4 isto~ nUllbtr sound ...;
!HI KF6 JINX I.. of STX CDoot jshu off the bfo ti .. rs
STA COJ!I( ifor horlZonhl iii I Is STX COllfJltl ;dl lto. u
lDY III ;ht' s bay. 11 I ines of this STX CD1lfJ2 j SiIIM! here.
LINES lM Ii irat a nro for oyerlilf GOPRT lM Gt:HSG X i9ft a ch.1rachr
STA IfII PSINti jfnd of string? Yes.
STA ~x i ickground ouerlaps payer
iwait for n.xt line ST. DISPt85,Xjput on screen v
lM _II< irilndal bactfOllnd colOI' II« : IIIcrHlfnt index
60PRT jconti nue
oN) KF6 iDaX lUll of JHP v
STA COlBl< ;iar horizonhl walls PSIHIT lDX 18 izero the Index
OEY jdecrtMnt I inr counhr '--'
IH LINES j II I in.s done yeP Nol PSPRT lM P9fSG,X j9ft another cl'llrachr
lM ax.1ll~ jget original background IfII Vf:D(1T lend of string? Yes. -./
STA COllll( ;store in backCYOt/nd STA DISP+144,Xjput on sere.n
lM LIVES jllOf'e II ues II« ,incre.. nt index v
BED lEI iNa. skIp code JHP PSPRT jcontlnuf
lM DIESII ianeMllh? Vl!XIT JHP VI!X jm t lIertlCal blank v
VBI lM PIPl jplayer/phyer colliSions

Hel
BPI.
JHP
lM
lEI
IDE
ClJiSll.
i No •
i'('S,.ar. Ilyes
jchect for start §&fitch
ST.
lM
ST.
PlPlT jstorr In t~ lIarlable
ptPF iphyer to PF colliSions
PlPFT jstOl'e In t~ lIarlabl.
v
oN) v
"" jauk Mf bi t lM riSOlND j tr.uyre soond counhr
IH H8ARS . jstart? No.

-
JHP ~ ir.shrt gaM IfII l«l!Hl lend of sound? '(fS. J
DEC NSOlND ;decraent uo\lllt
-----------------------------------------
Syst.. ti.,r I, Intfrrupt hifldler.
lSR
OIlA
STA
•
AlIlC~
idlYlde lIoluar by 2
jadd pure ton.
'-'
j(han~ 1101_ '-'
Used to SJlffd up Wills .u.ry 4.25 Sfconds.
--------_._------------------------ NOSND lM
IfII
VIlLI igt:t lctoc uollllK' UlUf
!Hl2 ilf (I Nt produce no sound -./
TI lM T1H2ST ,get ..all speed OEC VOLI jdecrellent volt. ualue
OF 12 j ... st stop at two
IlIIA Kee ja.llsk on the distortion '-'
BEg 11"' iis it twO? Yes. STA AUDeI jgen.nte th. tlctOC sound
OEC TIH2ST jNa th.n decr_nt . SND2 lM 1.IX.2 ;9f: t shuff Je 110 IUIIf v
T1HI lM .1 jO' I 4.25 second cycle tu.. IfII SND3 jlf (' we produce no sound
ST. CDTHJ1t1 jrfstt tilWr 11 DEC 1.IX.2 jdecrfllent !JoltlN valu. v
RTS ,return DIIA K81 jaask on the distortion
STA AlIlC2 ;generate the shuffle nOlst '-'
SND3 lM FREQ3 igrt §hot ~requency
v

~
 ~
VOL . 1 THE A.N.A .L.O.G . COMPENDIUM PAGE 171
~

~
1M: fREIl3 ; Hlcrl'lIt'nt shot frequ,ncy sec PIOMi jother pi C at .13 sec? No .
INC fREiJ lM PK2+1 ,X i91!t i ltrrnate picturf HSS

_I
jda it again
'-' 1M: fREIl3 jind one last tilt PICIMl sr. PICt! jstore HS8 of pIC address
v STA All)fJ jchangt frf~LlenC Y (IOwtr) lOX 13 jeount 3 deMoto •
lM olEiloi jis r abbit ring CHKSTl< lSR STICKa jshift bt t into carry
BEO iNa. continue BCS CHKNXT jcorrect direct ion? No.
~
1M: olEiloi jVes. 2 second die ptrtod lM STBlX,X jelled X IIOI/,.nt dirrctlon
1M: PCOlR8 j[h a~9f rabbit (olors 8£0 CHK8 jllOLienent allOlHd? No.
~
1M: poue ;a9;11 n STA XTEJof jstore XlIIOVewnt yalu,
lJ)\ PCOlR8 i~t nu.ber CHJ(I lJ)\ ~x jchect Y IaOwr.ot dirut Ion
~

~
ASl
ASl
ASl
•A jl 2
;"
BEO
STA YTEHP
jroJPllent al1cwed? No.
jstOf'f Y IIDLiPllent Llalu.
A jfS CHKNXT D€X jdo nut stick posit ion
STA AUDf2 as frf~lJenty BPl CHKSTk jdooe yet? No.
~
lM
STA
K88
AUIlC2
jllSf
iget dl stor i on
jllaIC, sound
lM
0tP
PiPlT
HIC
;r.t
j
pl ayer 8 (011 i si on
rfVright S~tlf?
~
JK> VJI)( jUtt uertical blank IH ~JlI.E jNa. Check in dUll! IIIalls
DEC ~111 jdeer,.n t 1 iv,s dispL1Y
~
lHlJVI lJ)\ WINC ich,c_ push wall up DEC LIVES ,dfcr'Mnt 1in,s counter
INC ol Eiloi

-
BEQ 1HW2 iPush up? No . ithf rabbit has di,d switch
~
DEC WINC idfCr,.,nt fUSh up count.r ~ N«) H84 icheck Ifft wall coli ision
lM BYlOC i9ft top ilia I location BEO WRY ihit I'ft Wil l? No .
~
IIW 128 iCCll~.J.re lII ith top of scr"n 1M: j'(fS. Hove rolbbit to ri g,t
SEQ 1HW2 iit op? '('5. lJ)\ 18 jget uro vi luf
~

_2
DEC moc i-au. Will up srA XIEll' jstop rabbit X lIovfIWnt
II1PRT lJ)\

-
lM 1.111«;+1 icheck push lllall PIPLT iget p]ay.r I collision
~

~
BEQ
DEC
lJ)\
lHlJVJ iPush dlJ,lln? No.
WINe+1 idecrmfnt push ckNl count.r
BYLOCfj jget bottll'l wall locition
""" N«)
BEQ
DEC
HI8
111P1Jf'
jchfCk ri~ht ilia!! collision
ihit righ 11101.1 I? No.
iYes. !iOuf rabbi t to left
Il'I' 1284 ;c~.J.r' bottlJl of ser"n lJ)\ II jget uro ulu,
~
BEO lHIJV3 jolt ottm? y,s. STA XIEll' istop rabbit X .ovflltn t
IIf: BYLOCtl illOV. Will d<NJ II1PUP ClC ic1ur carr y for idd
~
lHIJV3 lJ)\ WINC+2 ,chec_ push 1.1101.11 I'ft lM BYlOC itop lIIi11 Y location
SEO TI1(J!4 iPuih I.H? No . AoC 14 joHset by 4
~
DEC W1NC+2 ;aecr'Gfnt push I,ft count.r lSR A jdlVldt by 2
lM axlOC j9ft I'ft lIIill POSI t ion CHP HART jClllpir. rabbit Y location
~
STA HPOSP2 jllOY! I. ft Will playn sec IH'OO ihi t top Mill? No.
Il'I' 13'1 ichfCk for I'ft Will 11.1t DEC ~111 jdeer!lK'nt I iv!s disp lay
~
8EQ lHIJV4 iit li.it? Yes . DEC LIVES jdecrr.ent I infs counhr
~
DEC 8XLOC jllOV' lIiali I.H INC olESW ithe rabbit hiS di!d SIIIitch
lHIJV4 lM WINC+3 jcheck pUSh wal l right II1PIJl lM HARY iget ubbi t Y loc ation
BEO Tl1OA< jpush rlt~ht ? No. ADC III ,offs. t by 18
~
DEC WINCf3 jdtcr.l1.nt push righ t counhr ASl A jlMll tip!y by 2
lM It<lOC+l jget r iljlt wal l position CHP BYlOCti icmpar. botlla wal l Y
~
STA HPOSPJ ,GOV' righ t wall play.r ace fmt' ihit botteD 1rrIi1J? No.
CtI' 12tB jChfCk for rl ljlt .... 11 Ii.it DEC ~111 jdfCr.llfnt i lu!s display
~
8EQ lHlJVX jit lillit? Yes . DEC LIVES jdecrHlfnt I infs counhr
1M: It<lOC+ I iroJf wall riljlt INC DIE51' i th' ribbit has di.d switch
~
lHlJVX lM 18 iget i uro tmIP ClC iclur carry for add
STA ATIW:T jpoK~ out itract IIOdf lJ)\ HARX i9f t rabbit X posit ion
~
STA Xl81P ;Zfro ribbit X Incr".. nt AOC XIEll' jadd X incrulent
STA YlEII' intO rabbit '( Increcunt STA HARX iSiV! nrw ribb i t X pos i t Ion
~
lM STICK8 igf t Joystick ulu. SrA ff'OSP8 iposition rabb i t plily.r 8
Il'I' fS&F jol t cenhr POS I tlon? ClC iclur carr y fllr idd
~
BEQ CENTER iYfS. skip cod, lM HARY i9ft rabbit Y position
lJ)\ RTClCfMjgrt real U.. clock lSS AoC Yl81P jadd Y IncrMfnt
~
lIlo 1S17 jolt 117.5 s,cond ,m_? STA HARY jsaV! nl'W rabb i t Y position
IH CENTER jNa. ski p codr TAX jUse position as index
~
lM 1$11 ;g.1 shuffl, frequfnc y lOY 18 jini boll ill! picturf counter
STA AUOF2 jset fr.qurncY r.gi ster HflJHAR lM (PJC),Y ige t rabb i t pictur! brb
~
lJ)\
STA
"14 jOtt 1/01111! vi lu, SrA
INX
PlR8,' jstor! in play,r 8 ar,a
ji ncretunt player po inhr
vct.2 jset shuffl! uolllM'
~
CENTER lJ)\ STICk8 ,get jorstlck ualue INY iincrment pictur, pointer
S£C jset urry for subtract CPY II~ jch!ck for !nd of picture
~
S8C IS jVilurs 5-15 onl y IH IfJJHAR jolt .nd? No.
~
AS!.
TAX
lM
• i5-15 nOlt! 8,2,4, ...
iUS. for Indn
RTCU1(f2j~t real tilll' clock lS8
lM
CtI'
STA
STRIG'
STRlIlI'
STRIGF
jg, t trl9Q!r valu!
jCCllparf with tri~r fl ag
isau, nN trl~fr 101.9
~
RDR A i iuide br 2 BCS tllFlRE jshot fir.d? .
RIll A idivldf by 4 lJ)\ XlB1P jribbit X iner"nnt
~
ROR A jdiuide by 8 IllA YlElI' JOR rabb it Y i ncr~nt
RIll A jcarry seVr.Sft at .13 SfC 1M FIRE~ jrabbit stat ioflolry' No.
~
lM PKI,X jgft rabbit pictur. l 58 1M: STRIGF iSft trigc:w flag to 1
sec PIOf..\. joth!r pic at .13 sec ? No. H NOflRE iSki~ flf"f routine
~
lJ)\ PK2,X jg.t altfrnat. picture LSB fIRE~ lM H~' jini ialiZ! frequ!ncy
PIIlM ST. PIC jstor. lSS of P' C addt.ss STA fREOJ jzero iud i 0 fr.~ 3
~
lM PKhl,X ;get rabbit piclur. NSB lM HI4 jshot 1/ohm t istortioo
-
-./
 ~

PAGE 172 THE A.N.A.L.O.G . COMPENDIUM VOL. 1 V

v
STA AIlot3 j,nilblt 1101 . . 3 ADC WINC+ 2 jildd 8 to lIIill Incr-Mell t v
It«: SIfJIS j i ncrNIP"t shot poi nt.1" STA W]NCt2 inN wi ll jncrl'lHnt
LIlA SIfJIS jgf't shot po in hr tmOT OEX jn.xt .issll@ V
~ 13 jlak. i t 8-3 on ly Ittl NOPl! iliiss ll.s don,? Y's.
TAX jUst pO inter 101" indu Jt> PlOTS jcoot i nul' loop v
LIlA XIEll' j9ft I"lbbit X incrfetnt
ASL A jliitt shot twin as hst NOPL! LOX 13 jill t up pO lnhr ~

STA SU«:x',X jwt .issil. X incr!llfnt LIlA 18 jnro ilcc~lator

LIlA YTeF i9ft rilbbit Y i ur. ."t CHIII1IS O~ SINCX,X iOR i ll X incrr«unts ~

ASL A jaU:' shot tMicr ilS hst IJO\ SIOCf.X ;~ In '( i nerHltnts
STA SINCY,X jSft aiisilf Y incrMfn t
D£l( j d!CI" • • nt pO l llttr ~

a.C jclur c¥'ry for add 8Pl OI<HIS jilt .nd? No .

Il1P II jch.ct shot incrrfHnts ~
LIlA ~RX jgtt nbbit X position
IN'
ADC 13 j-av. to unhr X of ribbi t t«JSlHl jil'lY iller-ellents? Y'5.
STA SHOTX,X jshot initiial X pos iti on STA AIIIIC3 j ,nd shot sound ~

LIlA twr1 j9ft I"ibbit Y position LOY

..:lS!H) Ie jilliHillin Y i ndfx
ADC 18 i ~t t o Cfn~r r of rlbbi t KISHIT LSII PIPfT jsh iH coil ision to u rry v
STA StmY,X jshot i nit ii Y posi tion sa: ItII jcol l Ision IIfInlabfr? No.
NOfIRE LIlA II juro ilcclnuhtor JSR EIW«.I1 jrrilSr th~ numbrr v
TAX juro X indtx LIlA VTBt,Y jget vill u~ ~ nlDr
~SES STA HISl,X iuro illl lIissilrs PII\ iSilve on stick v
INX inext _issi Ie byte JSR P\ITlU1 ipu t out a ntlll nutber
BPl EMSES idone? No. PLA jget old R!.Bbrr ~

LOX 13 icount 3 doNnto I TAY jUse itS CDunter Vitlue

PlOTS LIlA SJNCX,X ;(;t lIissile X tncrftltnt BEG SOl j".iS It uro? Yes. v
IJO\ SUI:Yol i _isstle Y incrtlltnt SCOIIER LOX 13 jpoint to score let! digi t
BEQ HOPL i.iny t1tovmrnt? No. SCI INC SNll1.X pncrrtltnt di git ~

LIlA SImY,X j_issile Y position LIlA S'.U1,X iget di~it

a.C jclnr urr y for ildd Il1P 1 ' 9 ' +fA lj~5 t A ASCII "' tcolor? '-'
ADC SIHCY,X jildd Y incrr.ent IN' 5CY j . continue
STA SHOTY,X ;storr nN Y pos ition LIlA l ' I' +SAljr rsrt digit ~

TAY jY ~OSit i on na. indrx STA !HJ1,X jChanr scorr displiY

ASL A jllU t iflY by 2 D£l( ipOln to nut digit '--
ADC 12 i~he for C~ilI'e 8Pl SCI iscore rollrd over' No.
DI' BYlOCtl jCOlpifr Mi th bott~ ... 11 SCY DEY idecr..,nt vil lu. v
sa: Him jhit bott~ .. II? No.
sex
IN'
JII>
SCOIIER jsecri ng done? No.
vax ;uit foutcn. ~
1511 IltIXY juro . issile illcreMats
ADC WII«:+I jildd 8 to .. 11 incftlltnt
STA WlNCtl in"" bott~ .. 1l incrtllrnt ItII IllY ;cheet IM!xt color diqit v
Jt> PlOTlfl ;cmt i nue CPY 13 jdonr 1-2 yrt?
IN' HI SHIT jNo. continur v
H!TIP SOC 112 iaHsrt for bott~ SICIt vax STA HITClR icl rilr coil ision registers
DI' moc jCOlpilrr Mith top .. II Jt> XITIAJJ jrxit drferrrd vertiCil! blilnk v
BCS PlOTlfl jhit tOIl "illl ' No.
JSR may jzero .Issi Ie cncrMents l1li11 IlIA isnr X rrg ist!r '-'
ADC WII«: jadd B to WillI mr!IWRt PII\ jon sticle
STA WIt«: jnew top ... 11 incrMent JSII E_ ;.ris. nlftbH hit ilnd v
PLOllIi LIlA HJ~ i;t lissile byte
JSR P\ITlU1 iput il fIN one on serren
IJO\ HI ,Xi .issHe lis!( PlA ip'ull X rrlishr v
STA HJSl,Y jstore new byte TAX jfrat stat
LIlA HISl+I,Yj;t nut .issil. byte JII> t«JPlOT icont II\U' on v
IJO\ HJ!iiSJ(,Xi "'ssilr IIiIst
STA
LIlA •
HISl+I,Yjstor. n8 next byte -------- ----
CaIIOn!r used subroutines
~

HlPf,X jlissil./ playfifld coll is ion

LDY .. jinit Y re~ister -------------- ~

ItII'F Rill A ,collision

sa: ItfIFI iHo. No. No. Clnr .iss ilr display un ~

HHlT iY's, Y.s. Y.s.

_I IllY '"
CPY 14
itry nut bit
jill)' IIOI'r bi ts?
ZIt«:XY LIlA
STA
STA
.. jget zero vil lue
SINCX,X jIfrO liss.i Ie X incrftlfn t
SJt«:Y,X jZtrO lissil! Y incrfMnt
v

IN' Itff jc.rbinl y· Yule. yut(. ~

a.C iclur C1f'ry for ildd a.C iclur Cilrry for ildd
LIlA 9IJTX,x j9ft Iissil. X ~OSition LIlA 18 iget ulue for add v
ADC SIHCX,X jildd X incr..,n RTS j. return to the progran
STA ~X istor. nr. X DO<;it:r..l
v
STA Xiposit ion _iss i!. Clur the gilIIf plilyfi .ld
DI' 8Xl.oc.1 jCOlJlilrf I ;ssil. with ... l1
ClSC~ LDX '211 jsrt 1-199 bytrs
v
OCC HITtF jhi t right Mill ' No.
JSR IIHCXY jZff'O Iissil. incr.nts LIlA II jto l.ro '-'
ADC WINC+3 jildd B to wall incrftlfnt eLI STA DISP- I,Xj stor. in disp lay
STA WUC+3 inr. ... 11 ;ncrflltnt OEX icount da«I v

HITLF
JII>
SOC
DI'
BCS
.
NOflOT jcontinu.
j~fSft
for rif.t side
BXLOC jC.,ilrf with 1ft Willi
tmOT jhit I.ft wall' No.
IN'
RTS
Cli iPist Ifro y.t? No.
jrtturn to progr.
Put undat n!llb.r fr~ 1-9 on serren ilt
iI rillc\ca location 8-199
v

'-'
JSR IIIOY ;nro lissih ilcr!IUllts v
PI11l«.Il LOX ~ i9ft rilldca nlllbrr
~

v
 ~

VOL. 1 THE A.NAL.O.G. COMPEND IUM PAGE 173

~

'--'
CPX .2t1 ; I S nUitber ( 298? DB S3C,l7E
~
BtS PllTNtI1 ;No. try anothfr DB SFE,S!7
~~ jYes. try i9iin
lM jSle if spur is oc:cupll.'d IW!OO DB BI jdcwn vie. 12
v 1M DB S!z,S2'
M lM IImJ1 i~t another randan nUftber DB 13C,128
!WI) "If j Ill it it to 1-15 DB Sle,SIS
'-' j i snUlbtr ( 18?
0'1' III DB S3C,S7E
'--'
BCS !'NI jNa. try iIInothfr DB S7F ,SEI
STA VTBL,'f; save nllllbtr II'IRtI'I DB I I jllp "ihl 11
'-'
IlII<\ CTBl,Y JOR uith color DB S~4,S24
STA OISP,X iput nUilber on screen DB S3C,SJe
~
TXA jrtl)l,lf ~rfrn oHstt 10 A DB IJe,SIS
STA ATBl,Y jsaVf serern offset DB S3C,S66
'--'
RTS jfnd of routine DB iFE,SI7
IMP2 DB 8' jllP yi .. 12
'-'
Erase n_r frc. scrun DB S22,124
DB S3C ,I3C
v ElW<tI1 lIlA II igrt nra for bhnk DB S3C,S:t8
lOX ATBl Y i~t I POSition on scrrrn DB S3C $66
~
STA
lIlA
IWD
~
"If
i lank nlDbfr on scr"n
jget rinD nt*r
j.ask oH high bits
DB
DB
S7F:SEI
8,'
'-' ~ jml<t' it SI8 ..... IF .. m l jrabb i t pictures 5,t I
STA
"Ii
AUDF4 jlls!.' as sound f rf~UfnC Y
"I IlIoI
IlIoI II\RlrrI
~
lM 138 jini lial i n - IlIoI .. ml
'-'
STA NSDlffil jvoltDf COlJntu OW 8
RTS jrnd of routine IlIoI ..Rlfl
OW IWIlfi
'--'
--------------------------
Progra table!s i;nd cOftstants
IlIoI
OW
~Rlfl
i
~

---------------------------- IlIoI "RIllI

"-' OW II'IRtI'I
MISHSI( DB $13 jllissi I. 8 .asl( IlIoI WlRFRI
DB SIC j_is'iih lluslI
'-'
DB S38 jlliss il e 2 usk PK2 OW IW!RT1 ,rabbit pictures set 2
l.- DB SCI ill iss il. 3.ask IlIoI ..m2
OW 1I1RRT2
'-'
II>RlFI DB 8 ' i lt'lt VifW II OW 8
DB $ J2,SIJA OW IWIlf2
'-'
DB S3C S74 IlIoI ..Rlf2
DB S3C:SIC OW IWIlf2
'-'
DB
DB
IWIlf2 DB
SlE,SJE
s3f ,SlE
Bi' jlfft lJi~ .2
OW
OW
IlIoI
•..RUP2
IW!OO
'-'
DB S 8 lIlA OW _Rl
'-'
DB $3I::S74
DB S3t,SIC cm DB SIl,S58 ;[0101" offset tablr
~
DB SIE,t3E DB $91
DB s3E,SF7 METRO DB 38 ~1 itietOt tont'S
II1RRTI DB i • ;r ight IJlfW II STBLX DB saltifF jjoyst i ck X inerNlent ..
S~8,S5i
~
DB DB tU,S88
~
DB S3C,S2E STBlY DB $88,$88 ;Joystick Y inerHlents
DB $3C,'38 DB S81,SFF
~
DB S78,S7t
DB SFettlE ---------------------
'-'
1I\Rlrr2 DB 88 jr l ght \l i N 12 Var iabh Storage Aru
Sd',$58

-
DB ---------------------
~
DB S3C,S2E
DB S3C,S38 .. RX DS I jHiru y' s )( locatin
~
DB S7S,S7C OS I jHirVfY' S Y location
DB S7C,SEF BYlOC DS 2 jhorizontal Mal l Ylocations
_RI DB 88 jfront viet! II BXlOC OS 2 jvertiul ",.. 11 X locat ions
'-' s42,'24
DB VOl! DS I itictoc vol ...
~
DB S3C,S14 V!X.2 OS I ishuffl. volu.
DB S3C,'18 fREI3 DS I ishot frequency
DB S3C,S7E NSOlN) OS I jPlc!C nu.btr up sound
'-' S7E ,SE7
DB T1CTOC DS I jt ictoc sotJnd counhr
~
II>RfRl DB 8.' jfront view 12 T1M2ST OS I jNa] t .speed tj~r
DB '42,S24 WINC OS 4 i~al1 lOver counters
~
DB S3C,S28 STRIIT OS I jtrigger cc.p~e register
DB 'le,S18 XTEMP OS I jte8porary war lable
~
DB S3C,S7E YTEHP DS I jt ~orar y var iable
DB $?E,'E7 P'PLT OS I i~ay'r I coil ision shtbr
~
II>RDNI DB 88 ;!bIn view II PBPfT OS I j to PF coll ision SlIado&ol
DB S4.,S24 VTBl DS 3 jvalue of "s on S(reen
DB SJe,SH ATBl DS 3 jscre,n offsrt to "s
'- DB m,m SHOTS DS I jshot ,nable (ounter
'-'
 PAGE 174 THE A .N .A. L.O . G . COMPENDI UM VOL . 1

LIVES OS I jntllber of 'l!,Ies left

OIESW OS I jrabb i t dyi ng switch
SHOTX OS 4 jlllssil e X location
SHI1TY OS 4 jaissih Y locatloo
$INCX OS 4 jlllssi I e X increMent
SINCY OS 4 jllissl le Y I ncreMent
OISP OS 2111 jscretn disp l ay area

ENO It\RVEY

•
u

Cube Demo
v
5 REM *** CUBE 'FIll' GRAPHICS DEMO **
*18GRAPHICS 1+16:SETCOLOR ••• • 12:SETCO
LOR 1.3.2 :SETCOLOR 2,7,4:HUE=1
2. FOR CUBE=l TO 15 : RAND=RND('J : HA~ =15
+15*RAND:KIN=5+5*RANO:P~=2+RND(8J*116:
PV=2 +RNO(8)*52:REM *** 15 CUBES ***
38 ~1=PK+HI.:H2 = PH+MQH:H 3= H2+MI.:Vl=PV
+~N:V2=PY+HAK:V3=Y2+MIN:AE" ***CUBE
COOROS ***
35 COLOR ':PLOT ~3+1.V3+1:0RANTO H3+1,
Yl:0RANTO H2,PY-l : DRANTO PK- l.PV - l
36 DRAMTO PH - l,V2:0RANTO ~l,V3+1:DRANT
o K3+1.V3+1
4. fOR "=1 TO MIN:PLOT PH+N PY+N:DRAMT
o H2+N.PY+N:PlOT PH+ •• PY+N:6RANTO PH+N
,Y2+N:NEHT N
5. FOR N=1 TO HAH+l:PLOT Hl,Yl+N:DRANT
o H3,Yl+N:NEHT N: REM ***
35-5' ERASE C v
UBE AREA
55 REM ******
NON DRAW & fILL CUBE SIDES
***
6. COLOR HUE:PLOT X3,Y3:DRANTO H3 Yl : D
RANTO Kl , Yl:POSITION Hl,Y3:POKE 165, HU
EDIIO 18.U6,',',"S :":'OSU8 2 ••
1. COLOR HUE:PLOT K3,Yl : DRAWTO H2,PV : D
RANTO PH,PY : POSITION HI LY1:POkE 165,HU
E : KIO 18.116 •••• ,"S:":GO-:tUB 2"
8. COLOR HUE:PLOT Kl,Y3 : DRANTO Hl,Yl:D
RANTO PK,PY:POSITION PK , Y2:POK[ 165,HU
E : XIO 18.116,8,8,"5:"
, . PLOT Hl . Y3:DRANTO Xl , Y2: DAAWTO PK ,Y
2:POSITION Kl,Y3:KIO 18,1I6,8,8,"S:":NE
XT CUBE
188 REM *** ROTATE COLORS A WHILE
III FOR ROT =l TO 588:T =PEEK(718J:POk E
***
188,PEEK(78~):POKE 18~,PEE«(118):POKE v
11',Y
128 FOR DELQY=l TO 2':NEXT DELQY:NEKT
ROT:RUN : AEM ***
DO IT AGAIN '
28 8 HUE=HUE+1:IF HUE =4 THEN HUE=1
***
218 AETOR"

CHECKSUM DATA
(See pgs. 7-10)
v VOL 1 THE A.N .A. L. O. G . COMPEN DIUM PAGE 175
'-'

'--
'-'
v
'-'

FILL ~ER UP II
~

'-'

'-'
'-'
'-'

16K Cassette 24K Disk

by Tom Hudson

If you've ever typed in a ga me program from a 2. With Listing I in your computer, type in List-
computer magazine hoping for an a rcade~q ua li ty ing 2 . This operation will merge the twO listings.
masterpiece, you 've probably been disappointed. Make sure the li nes were entered correctly, then
Games written in BASIC are usually too slow to CSAVE the new program.
handle the complex graphics and game logic neces~ 3. Type RUN and press RETURN. The program
sary for an enterta in ing arcade~style game. In an will begin printing the li ne numbers of the DATA
effort to satisfy those avid v i dco~gamers out there, I statements as it reads and checks each one . It will
have written Fill 'Er Up!, a public-domain asscmbly~ alert you if it fi nds any prob lems in the DATA.
language game. Correct any problems in the data lines and re-
Typing the program. RUN the program until all the DATA is checked
Before tackl ing the program listings acco m pany~ and correct.
ing this article, let's look at them and sec what they 4. When all the data lines arc cor rect. the program
do. will ask you to " READY CASSETIE AND
Listing I is the main data and data checking PRESS RETURN. " Place a blan k tape in your
romine. This listing is used to create both tape and recorder, press RECORD and PlA Y simultane-
disk versions of Fill 'Er Up. T he data that makes up ously and press ready. When finished, the
the Fill 'Er Up program listed in hexadecimal (base BASIC " READY" prompt will appear. If you
16). The program is listed this way so that it will run have not CSAVEd the BASIC program, do so at
with 16K cassene systems. I realize that those DATA this point. You may not need this program again,
statements aren't fu n to type in, but they are a neces ~ but it's good to have if you ever need another
sary eviL copy of the game.
Listing 2 should be added to Listi ng 1 if you are 5. To play Fill 'Er Up, rewind the tape crea ted by
using an ATARI cassette recorder. the BAS IC program to the beginn ing. Turn your
Listing 3 should be added to Listing I if you arc computer O FF and remove any cartridges. Press
using a disk drive. computer O FF and remove any cartridges. Press
Listing 4 is the assembly-language source code PLAY on the recorde r, then turn your computer
for Fill 'Er Up, created with the ATARI Macro ON while pressing the START key. The com-
Assembler editor. You DO NOT have to type in this puter will BEEP once. Press RETURN, and Fill
listing to play the game! It is provided so that readers 'E r Up will load and run autOmatica lly.
interested in assembly language ca n see how the pro-
gram works. Disk instructions,
Follow the instructions to make either a casserte I. Type Listing I into your compu ter. Use
or disk version of Fill 'Er Up. D:CHECK to verify your typing.
Cassette instructions. Z. Afte r Listing I is correctly typed into your
t . T ypc Listing I into you r computer. Use the computer, type in Listing 3. The lines will auto~
C:CHECK progra m to check the accu racy of matically merge with Listing l .lt'sa good idea to
your typing. SAVE the whole BAS IC program at th is time .
PAGE 176 THE A.N.A.L.O.G. COMPENDIUM VO L. 1

3. Type RUN and press RETURN . The program points for each unit over the target you have filled. If v
will begin verifying the DATA lines, printi ng the the TARGET amount is 8000 and you fi ll 9000
line numbers as it checks cach onc. It will ale rt units, you receive 2000 points. " Fill 'Er Up" may be
you if any errors are located in the data. Fi x any paused at any time by pressi ng the space ba r.
incorrect lines and re~ RUN the program until all This game con tains 16 levels of difficu lty. The
errors are eliminated. level number is shown in the lower left corner of the
4. When all the DATA lines are checked, the screen. v
program will tell you to "INSERT DISK WITH You have th ree lives, shown in the lower righ t
OOS, PRESS RETURN. " Place a disk with OOS corner of the screen. Good luck! 0
in drive I and press RETURN. The program will v
write an AUTORUN.SYS file to your disk. This
file contai ns the Fill 'Er Upgame. When finished,
1 REM *** FIll 'EA UP' IT ***
18 OOTO 8,1,2,3 , 4,5,6,7 ,8 , ' , 0 , 8,8,0 , 8,
the BASIC "READY" prompt will appear. Make 0 , 0,10 , 11,12,13,14,15 v
28 DIM o4T$('I).HE~( 22 ) : FOR X=8 TO 22:
sure the BASIC program has been SAVED before RECO M:HEKCX, =M: MEKT H:lIME =" 8:RE ST OR
continuing. E 1080;TRCP 60:? "CHECkIMC; DATA"
ZS lIME =lIIfEt18:? "lIME:";lINE:REQO DC
5. To play Fill 'Er Up, place the disk containi ng the
AUTORUN.SYS file in d ri ve 1. Turn thecom~
T$:IF lENC04tSl(),0 THEN 118
28 04TlIN =PEEkCI811tPEEkCI84)*Z56:IF
ATlU()LINE THEN ? "lINE " ; lINE;" KISS
°
puter OFF, remove any cartridges and turn the INC;!" : ENO
computer back ON. Filt'Er Upwiliload and run 38 fOR H=l TO 8' STEP 2:o1=4SCCD4TSCX, v
Kl) - 48:02 =4SCCOQT$(X+l,Htl» - 48 ! 8YlE =H
automatically. EK(OI1*16tHEH(D2)
35 IF P4SS=Z THEN PUT Ul,8VTE : NEKT H: R
G ame d escription. EAO CHKSUH:GOTO 25
You have been assigned to bui ld a series o f water 48 TOIAL=tOTAlt8YTE:lfEKT H: AEAD CHKSU"
:IF TOTAl=CHK SUM THEN Z5
reservoirs in uncharted territor y. Unfortunately, an S8 GO TO 118
electrified starfish (don't boggle; read on) is patrol1~ 68 IF PEEK(I'S)( ) 6 THEN 119
ing the area. Using your joys·tick, you must 188 ? "WAITING FILE ": P4SS=2:lIlfE ="0 : R
ESTORE 1098:TRAP 60 : (;OTO 2S
manuever yourself around on the screen , building 118 ? "84D DATA: LINE ";l INE :ENO
1000 DAT4 A' 25 8581A,I(8S,24,00858885'1
walls to hold the water, while avoiding the starfish. 48098t80'1'JE680E6'10004E681E6' ZAS, ZC'
You start out on the white border surrounding the 23 08ECAS'IC'0'00E64C2014 ,6 16'
1810 DATA a'00802F0280100880C88 24, 7480
planned resevoir area. You may move around on C402A'C480CS0 2A'OA80C60 24'3480C7Q2A'F 7 v
these white walls by moving your joystick in the 80 3 0824,2980319 24' 2E8D2f,1 1864
desired direction. You can build a reservoir wall by 18 2 0 DATA 82A'838DJOD94C281'2865E(A,88
027f'S80CA18f88D14 228015 228 016 228 0 1722
moving into the black "uncharted" area whi le A'11806f820'8180A C22 80C4,J 5 482
pressing your joystick bunon. The walls you make 1030 DATA 22282F15 4'4980672 24 '888 068 22
A'00A204,01' 21' 0 2421C410f 7 A285'035 21CA
can be any length, and must be terminated at a white 18FQA'8880C(22858'80C622.28133
1840 DATA 8D1E008D2f828D9E04802822858A
wall. When you finish a wall by hirtinga white wall, 809802A2B5'OI0 22C A1 0fA8D26 22 A'B3802C22
the area you have enclosed will fill with water. Do 0"0803C214'8A80C482A'24,24483
NOT run into the wall you are buildi ng or you will 1050 DATA 8D C5 8 2A" 48DC6024'C48DC78 2A'
9880C8020'768DC1024'3F80C2828DC302A,34
be destroyed. If the starfish hits you or any part of 80 C08 2 A'' 28 0388 2 A'29 80 31,2 '683
the wall you are building before you complete it, you 1869 DATA 02498AA21F4'86285CE4A'188087
D40 '2E8 D2f0 24'838DI0DOA'40808ED44C'61 5
wilt be destroyed. On levels 1,2,4,7,12 and 13 you A'99427F'D8011,00912'080,34142 '-'
will be safe from attack when standing on a whi te 1870 DATA 12,08913'D8813CA08EE60A58384
8580A'008581968926818680A58885842681A5 U
wall, but on other levels the starfish can destroy you 818585968026818680268JA5,3886'
on contact at any time! 1980 DATA 80J6658 (8580A58165858 5 810 ,08
1865898580A '386581858J AS8 22'03 4AA5 824 A
If you do not complete the levels in a certain time (A1865888580A58J6'008581,43824
period, electrified sea urchins wilt begin appearing 19'0 OAT4 6842808682A2998683294615A683
A'90A0 27'1888818F 8E8E05600EB4'8 380A622
on the white walls, moving along it looking for YOU! AfA6 2280'2228582B O'6 2285. 4'247
These creatures prove fatal on contact, but they can 1180 DATA 8 380 ' A2 2804722 BO'E 2280 A8 228o
A2228oA,22 28 4615807E2248891180'1 88 0 582
be destroyed by trappping them inside a completed 186047228582 A58 31 86048 22,5 4123
resevoir. The sea urchins have no sense of fair play, 1110 DATA 858 3C EA' 22 000fCEA6 221988A'58
8588A'54858C40 76 22 J86'01802'2 2 4'888014
and will "gang up" against you whenever possible. 72 801522801622801 727 802' ,5 8686
At the bottom of the screen arc several informa~ 11 20 DGTG 118 D1Sl18DZ022A'ff80132220. ,
1AAOF4228"0802C21AOf'2Z8"88D2D214E26
tion displays. "TGT" indicates the T ARGET area 2280A1 2 1802'22 8081 21802A ,62 '1 7
you must fill with water before you complete the 1138 OCTO 228 0C1 21 80 7022 80E1 2185,585"
A'04802322Z8"IAA'09804C22AA'00'23'08'
level. "CUR" indicates the CURRENT area you 2,CADOF 78 0082280Cf2ZAOZ7,67'13
have filled. Once CUR reaches TGT, you have com~ 11,0 DATA 2Z 09fBA'f080000ZA,fE8D92DZA'
FF8084D 2A'A38D8J028083D2808502A'988540 v
pleted the level and are awa rded points. SCORE A58A0823A58'F82 7 AE262280, 7 4064
indicates the number of points you have gained . At 1150 DATA o1210017A 5 8B8582A58C858320'6
lSA088808A72 3 180D07E 22 F88 3 4CD118A587f8
the end of each level, the computer will give you 2 664C'CIA4C7416C'84858 7 AO.7'8S'
" V~O~L~.~1____________________T~H~E~A~
. N~.~A~
. L~.O~
. G~.~C~O~M
~PE~N~D~I~U~M~________________~P~A~G~E~1~7~
7

1168 DATA 708Z8DC8Z2AABDD1221870D1228S 1450 OATA 840 22' 83'01822A'81'0142 2 4 C74

60BOEJ22187Df127858E8S80FIOCAS88186580 16A'8180C4224'9880C92240682238E'2C808'
8DQD22C"fBeD8858238FDDl,8580~ 22AO~72238E'008DBAZ2AEC8,2272'5
1178 DATA 2280A422458C186S8E80AE22C'S5 1468 04TA 22A08,221870fI22808,22858240
88888583J8FO£12280A8222846154888808422 8A2218 7 0f 522 808A228583284615AOl8818830
318880C0728ECEZZADAA2785.'8224 8A22007E22f8800082220801,232421
1188 DATA 8240A87285832146154888808472 147 0 DATA 4'88808f2 2 4C731CAOC822808f2 2
~ 3188'8A08'120.'668081£.e6.1768007£22D8 2'521D2IfCIC007E220ge6213~104C481C0082
15ADCD22A[CE22DD7f22D80A,'S8'O 22 0086 28 33 104C8'lC294610,2 3 641 2
11'8 DATA ADAD228588ADA[278S8C'C7'lfiAD 1488 OATA 4C541CA'8980C322295 21 D2 8fCIC
Cf22D02780D822ADC8228DB'2JA,e18DCf2280 008 222 0886 28 13104C731CAOC322 186'8180C3
2822A588804f22808122808J,18833' 22C' 8 3f886 2846 104C781C40,248407
1280 DATA 27AS8C8DB82280B22280B.22AOCO 14'0 DATA C02280BF2229521D28fCICD07E22
22AECE220D8222D88J'CD118AED822AOC822DD 08862833104C4S1C2846104CASIC285EI0A'80
8'2JF80C££09 22£8' 08'2 34',1&58'8 80C32228fCIC007E22008628,244373
1218 DATA 8.'08'2.r£.'2'A'8380A'224588 1588 DATA 31104C8'lCAOC122186'8180C322
8582458C8583204615A8818189308[22108222 C,e4f8062046104CC11C291710008222080'28
~180CEA~22F8J'ACD822BE8~,IJ9621 'EI 0A'0180C4226828461020 ,2 48 22 7
1228 DATA 2380DJ22186582858280[1221865 1510 OATA FCIC4CE51 CAE8f22AOB'221870fl
838 583 4CC517A582858BC08l2Z'8868DBJ2Z.C 228060228582AOOA221870F522808C228583A5
0'18C08122B80380812 2 A583 , 115711 8 2C" fO.l1A583C'550800 28,25377 7
1 230 OATA 858CC08422'8968084224C2818CO 1520 DATA 4615A8888188 3 08A2 26 8A'08A288
822ZB003808222AECE22AOC022D07E2 2 F8834 C 68A08f 22 80 C822 A0882 2 808'22AOBC 22 8D8A22
7416A'0880Cf2220f81BA024,128728 68AD8f22186'012'0380Bf22,2583'8
1240 OATA 22802~22A02522802A22A'OF8D73 1530 DATA 60A08 F223 8E'012'0380BF 22 68AD
72704'lAA"180C'2728821'AE2627A0242238 8' 228582 C08322 ,806808J2 2 4C7610C081 22 88
fOA171807'22A07522F08171,174652 03808122A08A228583C08422,263511
1250 OATA 807A2218034C5F16A02622C'8Ff8 1540 DATA '8868004224C8EI0C08222B88380
8JE[26228E2~222E 2 A2 2 A'Ff80Z32Z214'JAA2 8222284615A8808D8E221186 108 222' 1 8 860A '
85A088B'f'221870J022C'8A , 12828' 00800302800502AOB42238fO,268158
1268 DATA 308C38E,aA,OI022FEIC22'CA318 1 558 OATA 8 222 80C 222 A0812238['918081 22
'01022C8CA18EZA2858010228'08'OJ521CA18 8000 22A082228 00E 2236f' 0 18 D8 222 A08 32216
f54'8180C42280AC22282f15,132641 6'91808322A08422186'8180,273058
1270 OATA A'48806722A,88806822A'8880C4 1568 DATA 84 22 A'0980 2822A'8880C5 222 854
22 4C'615A'888081D28D83028085D2A'0180C6 lEC'8 208f'fEC5222 8541EC'82f8f62'OI08E6
22 A,.F80C722 A'858588AOC7,13766 2 AOC522C' 81fB0 52 0f81Ef804 ,27 8 385
1280 DATA 22808102A08AD22'lf808802A08A 1 578 DATA A080228582A08E228583284615A8
D22'f80 0C 7226DC58280C1 8 2 A58808EICEC72 2 88818.108 622'18.EE28222 8541EC'88f8E8 2'
1807CE2C22A02C220"8803C,142752 010006A'0180 C5222 B541EC', 283219
1 2'0 DATA 21C"80825A'3080EF28A'2180f8 1580 DATA 88 f 88A 2 "lD8A6EEC522 4C2ElfAO
28AOIF082'8108F'AOlf082'81FIF'A'1580ff C5 22C'01 08834 CDFI028E81E008422f 0044COf
284'2180F8284C6314A'8180,148281 10A080 22186'01808022C083,288 351
1388 DATA AC2 2 AOBA0 22,FEC" F88F78582AO 1 5'0 DATA 220.50A0242218602822802422AO
8A022'7EC'5580F78583284615A888808A2231 25226'08802522 A'8080 2 822A0612280802 2A'
88007E220808282F15A58285,15183' 8880C 522A'86800J0 2 AO C222,2'2638
1310 OATA 884583858CA'9880C'22A02822fO 1680 DATA 808802f883CEC222AOO£22186'81
lC20821'AOAf2 28582 A088228583284615A088 808E22C08422F8.0A08022C08122088868684C
808E 22318 8107 E22'188A'24,1 5 86 26 OFI0686868AOB0228582ADBf,2'8112
1320 DATA 80C582A'8080C622801E08858,85 1610 OATA 2285832 04615A880808A 22318 .00
8A4C5f16AOAF22808522A0882280B622A'8880 8222080 0808A 221 188,188EE 2B22A'826 800 7E
8722AEB722BOO'2l80CA22BO,16l816 220083A'0168C'00080160A',~02731
1330 OATA 8'24eOC822A'01808822A'0380CC 16 20 DATA 8168 AOB0 2285824DOE2238E ' 01CO
22AOe5228582AOB622e5e3284615A880~OC'22 8222f8008583284615A888808A22318.68A'IO
00188D8E223180'1884C8AIA,16S465 A20068AOF C02C'21D880A'ff,387768
ll40 O~TA A'0080Cf2268808E 22J18 81D7E22 1630 OATA 80f C 82A0 2722 4'f~802722A02722
'180CECC22F91AAECA22A085221870D1228085 f88 3 4C 5fE440CI2238808'A88D0702A'888086
22A086221870E1228086224C,173682 0 2CEC122 A588f082C688A5'4,3130'6
1350 DATA OCl,EE882 2 4D8822CDC8 22 f88288 1640 OATA fO.6C6'30082C6"AOC422f8034 C
034C071'EE8722AOB722C00822fle288044CCl 5FE4 A' 888 58'858 AAOOOD82'8CF88 2E6 8A4080
l'A204A'90'Of'22CA18fA42,17'464 08 2'81f' 0 2E68' A084D8 2' 82 ,~ 18528
1360 OATA 84A02A 22 00Ff 22F004881"898AO 1650 DATA F882E68'801E08A587f082C687A5
2'22 008423888 6C A18f ' 4C8814A02' 223 8F084 86F082C686A06522f8'6C[65224C'FIFA'8180
23802'22 A0 2 A22fOfF22 80 2 A,181'88 6522A06622186'81C'870802,323728
1370 DATA 22FEF'224C551AA28'AC2322388C 1660 DATA 4' 8080662 2 AC6 622 AE67 22 A'08'0
BOf' 220' 08"1 521C8C A18 f 468AS86f8034C'f FFl1'088120'2022,080128'3422'081128,38
18A070228586A0672238E'00,188874 22'002120'4222'083128'4',327636
1388 DATA 806A 22 A06 82238E'2C 806, 22 AOIA 1670 OATA 22' 0841 28'5822'085128'5 722'0
0 2C'FO' 088A08A022'874C CCIA A06 C22 4A8068 861 2 8 '5E22 '08 7 124068 22 8D8808AOAC2208 31
22A06'2Z187060228582A06A,J'3725 A580186'2f808108A58 CI 86,,~318 7 8
13'8 DATA 221870 752285832 0,615A888808A 1680 DATA 18AA4'01'07012'07EI2'08212'0
223J80f8974'8f80CI2208CCA582186'2C8068 8312A'48'07f12'081124'A8'08812AOC6220.
22A583186'80806722A06822,l'8132 83EECJ0 2E6' 8A5'84A 2"l A8,~36' 2 4
14'0 OATA 806 C22 A'0 385'6A6' 6801422f828 16'0 OATA 0'ff2185'AA 5' 8 2'91A8A' 1385'2
80lC 228582 80102 28583 284615A888808A2231 4'8085'IA '01858 FO'FI 2 185"A'88A68F8Cf3
88007E 22f 8IEA6'64'88'014,2928 28 21A2,4'1'1C8CA18fAA6"80,343818
1410 OATA 22C6'618 054C,f18A'1380C322A6 17.0 DATA 1 4 22f 8 27808C228Cl.22186'2EA6
'680182285'7A6'6A4,7808C22187'8422C"f 8f'08208'8186'8E ' Of3 21 A8A6'AA'8485,8BO
881[858 28011 22187' 08 22C',217587 f521'J'lC8CAC6'01.f5C68f,348458
1420 DATA 5588118583214615AI88808A2231 1718 DATA 3812Q5'138E~8885'lQ5~2E'8885
88007E22F815CEC3221984AECJ22A5'7187081 '2E6"4C3C284C5fE470787840083010808080
222'9385'74C4'1846,64582,212273 80808000'080908080808080,151'71
1430 DATA '08C22 A58 3'018 22 A5' 7 '018 22 4C 1 72 8 DATA OD80800080808D8D808080008D80
3618A5'4F0034C741645'585'44283801422fl 80808000800080800000809000800080808080
06CAI0 f 84C 7 41 686' 8AOIA0 2,21 7145 000080008080008000008DOO ,~ 5 2556
14'0 DATA C'4880F'65824084022'7fC'5588 1730 DATA 8080800080808000108080008D80
f7858328'615Q 8 808D8~22 31 80007E220800A6 90'08080908080800000 2 04615 2 146 2'2141'2
'8A582'00C224583'0102240 , 222751 207079787878707079703046.354537
PAGE 178 THE A .N.A.L .O. G . COM PENDIUM VOL. 1 v
v
1748 OOTO 51217847652118467'2179783046
802141f7283427341080888889889888233532
1088880808882C3610888800.356557
1750 DATA 33232 f3225109880808808988989
088888888.2721202588882F36253288888888
080088212E212C2f2780232f . 35746' 2 REM *** DI'SK UER'S IOIII ***
65 If PASS:2 THEN PUT Ul.224:PUT ~.2:
'-"
1769 DATA 203835342'2E278989088008666' PUT Ul,225:PUT Ul, 2: PUT Ul,O:PUT Ul , 37 ~
6C6C47657288757841886'6'888808880880A2 :CLO SE Ul:END
8'008984AfA00808B5A4B3Af,369748 7 8 ? "IN SERT DI SK WITH DOS, PRE SS RETU ......
1770 DATA OE08888888888888F8f2E5flF388 Rill" ; :01 " IN$(11 :HIPUT IN$ : OPEII tU,a,8 ,
88f3f4E1f2f4888898884818E828f8041894f8 "D : AUTQRUN .SYS "
[104E8440878D41F272E232A,365882 '8 PUT Ul ,255:P UT Ul , 255:PUT Ql,8:PUT ~
1 78 8 DOTA 38272'202E382E2F2F3838848414 Ul,37:PUT Ul , 2' : PUl "1,52
83831382821282828111818181888881888181
088181818188888181818787,366362
17'8 DATA 8786860685858584848483038211
88.2888888582858882820f82828048'ff8281 •
089188ffff80018008888808,368048
1888 DATA 8880888880808888880089880888
88908888880800800880888988888881482018 ASlIcmbl y I ill li nl: .
080402424328188804C22424,368762
1810 DATA 131888C82418181ClfF838181818
38f81FIC182424C88818132442C20488182043
810284881828488888808889,378'84
1820 DATA 888088018188fffFff0881989181 ;F1LL ' f R UP' II
0801FffFff844818848188200892C0309C83Ce
308C831FCfF3fC08'E'E0800,3742'8 ;8T TCH HUDStlV
1830 DATA 0854540198FF88808180fF'F55'f
55898988808880808880888880888888880088
888888888008898998908808,3 75 458
1848 DATA 8880888800888000008080888088 ;AlP1METlC CCfJSTt:WrS
88898808888881889890FF9088880088880088 ,,
08888908888888888881fF88,375'78 ' A' -f 28
1850 DATA 888188FffF8881888888888888.0 CA ~

8888188327818A64E810880989888088888808 CB ~ ' 8' -s2i

088888088000880808808888 , 376883 IX ~ ' C' -S211
CO = [I' -He
= ' E' -J28
• CE
CF = ' F' -12~
' 0'-$28
CO ~

C HECKSUM DATA CH • = ' W -128

CI ~
' 1' -' 2\1
(See pgs. 7- 10) CJ ~ ' J' -120
Ci< ~
K' -' 21l
1 DATA 338,'55,686,427,745,1'2 L617,8'4 Cl = ' l ' -' /B
,445,4'6,54',150.852,324,104,7,74 CIt ~ ' N' -S~
1930 DATA 121.368,374.344,'11,'0',145, Oi = ' N'-12~
258 . 276,448,48',547,287,532 , 414,6343 CO = ' O' -'21l
1188 DATA 27',3'1,348,36,11,311,87,57, C, = ' P' -128
21',152,322,325,387,110,337,3364 ' 0' -$28
1339 DATA 73,335,48',357,275,510,28,43 CO ~

.154,25,193,247,143,113,166,2'81 CR ~ ' R' -s28

1480 DATA '5,148,78,465.277,253,135,23 CS ~ ' S' -1Z6
3,14',3',582,34,388,'35,'6,3811 C1 ~ • T' -128
1639 DATA 388,427,177,66,282,175,222,3 CJJ ~
' U' -'2\1
33,51,43',886,288,233,664,863,5246 CV ~
' V' -128
1780 DATA 88,2'5,856,546,765,47 , 848 , 8, C1< ~
' W'-'.'11
3445 C. ~ ' X' -128
CY ~ .y' -S2tl
• CI
CCOL
=
~
' Z' -128
: ' -$29

2 REM *** CASSETTE VER SI ON ***

65 If PA SS:2 THEN CLOSE Ul :E IIID
QR6 sIN
78 ? "READY CASSETTE AND PAESS RETURN" lO OS ....I'
; :OPEN IU , 8,128 . "C : " : AESTORE 288:fOR X HI OS
=1 TO 35: REAO N:PUT Ul , N:NEXT X PLOTX' liS
288 DATA 0 ,31,221 , 1' . 255 , 1',16' , 68,141 ptOI Y OS
,2,211,16' , 8 , 141,231 ,2 ,133,14,16' , 56 . 1 LO~lO OS
41 . 232,2,133, 15 ,1 6,,45 HIHlO OS
218 DA A 133,18,16'.28,133,11,24,'6
1860 DATA 8800808888898980888880089880 ~I1IH OS
08808080808800080888888880888088888888 J1(IJTlH OS
880888080080008808908008,376883 TINER DS
1878 DATA 9880980880888890880888888988 DEADfG OS
98888808808808898988880088080888888098 HSHORl OS
888880088008888800000008,376883 p, OS
py DS
• XI
"1
OS
DS
 ~
VOL . 1 THE A. N.A.L .O.G. COMP ENDI UM PAGE 179
~

~
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