WORD ORDER IN ENGLISH

subject
Did

verbs
will tell

you

have

The doctor

gave

the child

some medicine.

The doctor

gave

2. to the child

1. some medicine

Bill

has lived

The teacher

gave

People who live should not

in glasshouses
throw

indirect object
you

direct object
the story

manner (how?)

a party

2. to the children

1.an assignment

quickly

place (where?)
at school

time(when?how often?)
tomorrow.

in your flat

yesterday?

in London

for 10 years.

in class

yesterday.

stones.

Adverbs of Frequency:
always, never, sometimes, often, rarely, seldom, scarcely, usually, frequently etc.
generally go before the verb;

Susan often goes shopping.

I never gamble.
They always sleep early.

CONJUGAREA VERBULUI LA PREZENT SIMPLU

FORMA AFIRMATIVA

FORMA NEGATIVA

lunga

lunga

FORMA INTEROGATIVA
lunga

scurta

I have

read

I do not have

read

I dont have

read

Do I have/ read ?

You have

read

You do not have

read

You dont have

read

Do you have/ read ?

He/she/it has

reads

He/she/it does not have

read

He/she/it doesnt have read

Does he/she/it have/ read...?

We have

read

We do not have

read

We dont have

read

Do we have/ read ?

You have

read

You do not have

read

You dont have

read

Do you have/ read ?

They have

read

They do not have

read

They dont have

read

Do they have/ read ?

Forma negativa se formeaza prin adaugarea verbului ajutator do/does (= a face)

Forma interogativa se formeaza
si a particulei negative not. Cele doua se asaza intre persoana si verb.
prin plasarea verbului ajutator
do/does in fata persoanei:

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

ACTIUNE INCEPUTA IN TRECUT CARE SE CONTINUA PANA IN PREZENT:
Affirmative
S + have/has + V3 + time

Negative

Interrogative

S + have/has not + V3 + time

Have/has + S+ V3 + time?

You have worked here for 10 years. = lucrezi aici de zece ani;

Have you worked here for 10 years?

He has played tennis since he was 10. = joaca tennis de cand avea 10 ani;

Has he played tennis since he was 10?

He has had these symptoms for about one day.

Has he had these symptoms for about one day?

Compare:

I have lived in London for two months. (inca locuiesc)

I lived in London for two months.

(am locuit = nu mai locuiesc)

How long have you worked here?

Since when has he played tennis?
For how long has he had these
symptoms?

IRREGULAR PLURAL OF COUNTABLE NOUNS

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
(they dont have a plural)

Some nouns are the same in both singular and

plural from

For some nouns, change other letters or just

change the word completely!

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

fish

fish

person

people

sheep

sheep

child

children

deer

deer

ox

oxen

species

species

foot

feet

series

series

tooth

teeth

means

means

goose

geese

crossroads

crossroads

mouse

mice

louse

lice

man

men

woman

women

Confusing forms:
Hes = he is;
Hes a good student. = he is a good student.
Hes = he has Hes been in the library since morning. = he has been in the library since morning.
His = a lui;
His car is red.
boy
= baiat
= the boy has a car.
boys
= baiatului
= the boys car is red.
boys
= baieti
= the boys have cars.
boys
= baietilor
= the boys cars are red.
mother
= his mother is a doctor.
mothers = their mothers are doctors.
mothers = his mothers job is difficult.
mothers = their mothers jobs are difficult.

FOOD: bred, butter, cheese, meat, sugar, rice,

flour etc.
LIQUIDS: water, wine, beer, milk, tea, juice, oil,
coffee, shampoo, petrol, blood, soup etc.
METALS AND OTHER MATERIALS: gold,
silver, copper, iron, wood, glass, paper etc.
ABSTRACT NOUNS: beauty, happiness, joy,
progress etc.
OTHER:
information,
advice,
traffic,
accommodation, news, furniture, luggage,
baggage, equipment, garbage, knowledge,
money, research, work, travel, conduct, cash,
assistance, china, damage, progress, strength,
gossip, help, violence, permission, weather,
chaos, luck/bad luck, evidence.
only in the plural: trousers, spectacles, glasses,
pajamas, binoculars, scales, shorts, jeans, tongs,
scissors,

clothes,

goods,

surroundings,

belongings;
This sg. (acest(a)/aceasta)
That sg. (acel(a)/acea/aceea
These pl. (acesti(a)/aceste(a)
Those pl. (acei(a)/acele(a)

= this symptom_;
= that symptom_;
= these symptoms;
=those symptoms;

A DOUBLE NEGATION is the usage of two negatives in the same sentence; they cancel each other and create a positive. This is INCORRECT in English.
Negative + Negative = Positive: I dont see nothing = I see something.
Negative + Positive = Negative: I dont see anything = I see nothing.

Negative words:
no
not
none
nothing
nowhere
neither

When you use a negative word in a sentence, combine it with its positive equivalent:
no = any
not
none = any
nothing = anything, something
nowhere = anywhere, somewhere
neither = either

nobody
no one
hardly
scarcely
barely
never

E.g. I don't want nothing.

I don't want anything or I_____ want nothing.

I hardly have none.

I hardly have any or I_______ have almost none.

Don't go nowhere.

Dont go anywhere or Go_________ nowhere.

She doesnt never eat fish.

She doesnt ever eat fish or She never_______eats fish.

ADVICE, OPINION, SUGGESTION

Use SHOULD (ar trebui) and COULD (ai/ati/ar etc. putea) for giving ADVICE, OPINIONS, SUGGESTIONS.
She could read this magazine.
He could try this.
You should give him this medicine.
We should go this way.

nobody = somebody, someone

no one = someone, anyone
hardly
scarcely
barely
never = ever

They should do this.

FORMA AFIRMATIVA

FORMA NEGATIVA

lunga

lunga

FORMA INTEROGATIVA
scurta

lunga

I ?

You

You

you ?

He/she/it

could/should

He/she/it

could not/should not couldnt/shouldnt

Could/should he/she/it?

We

We

we?

You

You

you?

They

They

they?

Put the words in the right order.

go / now / home / will / I
give / the present / tomorrow / we / him / will
her / met / last night / at / we / the station
was / last week / he / in hospital
in Greece / spend / I / will / next year / my holiday
must / at five o'clock / leave / we / the house
the library / take / I / the book / will / today / to
my mum / breakfast / in the morning / made
tonight / want / to the cinema / to go / we
wrote / last week / they / at school / a test
our holiday / will / at home / we / not / spend / next year

did / I / him / see / not / last night / at the disco

to a party / not / we / tonight / going / are

will / a letter / not / next week / send / you / she

not / the truth / did / he / tell / you

to the cinema / we / want / not / do / tonight / to go

play / in the bar / did / he / last week / not / the piano

not / now / she / in England / is

eat / in winter / ice-cream / do / not / I

right now / have / not / we / time / do

She is in great form because (every week / goes / she / to the gym).
I think (likes / Susan / you)

I can't talk to you because (time / do not have / I / now)

We are glad that (at home / did not leave / we / our umbrella
I will miss him when (to Chicago / moves / he)

They don't know where (have left / the key / they)

Ring me if (have / you / a problem)

I'd like to know why (her holiday / does not spend / she / in France
They told him that (wanted to play / they / tennis)

He was reading the paper while (she / in the garden / was working).
Present Simple habitual actions, general characteristics
Time expressions: always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, never; every day/week/year/two
months etc.; once/twice/three times + a + day/week/months etc.
Put the following verbs in the affirmative, negative and interrogative: to change (the channel, a tire,
money, the clothes etc) a schimba/a se schimba; to walk a se plimba, a merge pe jos; to turn on (the
lights, the computer, the engine) a pune in functiune; to get (something, somewhere, tired, angry, rich) a
obtine, a ajunge, a deveni;
Affirmative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

Interrogative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

Negative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

Affirmative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

__________________
__________________
Negative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

__________________
__________________
Interrogative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

__________________
__________________
Affirmative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

__________________
__________________
Negative
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________

Turn the following text into negative and interrogative: John is a good man. He always helps his
friends. He eats five times a day and he jogs every day. His children are smart and diligent. They do their
homework every day and wash the dishes after they eat. His wife goes to work five days a week and cooks
every Wednesday and Saturday. Their dog runs after cats and digs holes in the backyard.
Describe Johns everyday program using the following verbs: to wake up, to wash, to brush, to
make breakfast, to eat, to drink, to have (a sandwich), to leave, to go, to come (back), to go for a walk,
to watch television, to cook, to clean the house, to help (wife, children) with (cleaning, homework) etc
Also, these words: breakfast, lunch, dinner, by bus/car, at 7 a.m., at night etc. You can use the negative,
too. Then, ask questions whose answers are your own sentences written above. Use any of these words:
what, where, when, how or any other word that you want to start the question with.
Translate into English:
1. Informatiile pe care mi le-ai dat sunt utile.
2. Sfaturile tale nu-mi plac.
3. Vestile sunt bune.
4. Poti sa-mi cari bagajele la etaj, te rog ?
5. Echipamentele pe care le folosim sunt vechi.
6. Aruncati toate gunoaiele la cos !
7. Cunostintele tale de matematica sunt uimitoare.
8. Banii nu sunt unde ar trebui sa fie.
9. Cercetarile noastre sunt solide.
10. In calatoriile mele am intalnit tot felul de oameni.

11. Pune niste lemne in foc, te rog!

12. Pune berile la frigider daca vrei!
13. Ia painile de pe masa!
14. Hartiile sunt ude.
15. Ceaiurile de plante sunt folosite adesea.
16. Josh are intotdeauna un comportament impecabil.
17. Trebuie sa platiti cu bani lichizi.
18. Ajutoarele sunt pe drum.
19. Pagubele sunt de nereparat.
20. Mary a facut progrese in invatarea limbii engleze. Progresele facute sunt semnificative.
21. Pastreaza-ti fortele pentru mai tarziu!
22. Nu ma intereseaza barfele altora.
23. Violentele s-au sfarsit.
24. Ieri am avut o vreme urata.
25. S-a produs un haos de neimaginat.
26. Am avut un ghinion teribil/noroc incredibil.
27. Pantalonul albastru este prea larg.
28. Unde este pijamaua mea?
29. Cantarul este stricat.
30. Binoclul meu e din aluminiu.
31. Foarfeca este pe masa.
32. Clestele acesta este prea greu.

33. Imprejurimea este minunata.

Rewrite these sentences so that none of them contains double negatives.
1. I think the new financial initiative will not last barely a month.
2. Since his last speech gained little acceptance, the writer has not had no request to visit the forum
again.
3. The explorers finally discovered that the place where they landed did not have none of the minerals
they wanted.
4. The pilot could not find nowhere to land.
5. After being replaced, the pipes did not run no water as expected.
6. Arizona scarcely had no rain last summer.
7. The storm rose so quickly that the road crews could not do nothing about clearing the highways.
8. There is hardly no worse challenge than the one concerning national defense.
Put the verbs bellow in the Present Perfect Simple affirmative, negative and interrogative:
They (not see) each other since Friday.
He (be) in Spain since Friday.
You (play) a computer game for two hours.
Mom (be) in town since 10 o'clock.
I (know) him for years.
She (teach) at this school for years.
They (work) since morning.
They (paint) the house since last month.
I (do) many things since morning.
He (be) ill for two days.
We (talk) since 10 oclock.
The elevator (be) out of order since two days ago.
I (check) your paper for one hour.
I (write) letters since three hours ago.
Use should and could in the affirmative and negative to give advice, opinions or recommendations.
He speak German.

You swim.
This..be easy.
You .. take that bus.
You ..wait here.
Translate into English using should or could.
Ar trebui sa comandati ceva.
N-ar trebui sa va asezati langa fereastra.
Ar trebui sa vizitati Muzeul de Arta.
Ati putea sa mergeti la film.
N-ar trebui sa cumparati rochia asta.
As putea sa va dau altceva.
Ei n-ar putea face nimic.
Cineva ar trebui sa va duca acolo.
Write this, that, these those.

nice photos.
awful photos.

IRREGULAR PLURAL
OF

COUNTABLE NOUNS
Hes = he is;
Hes a good student. = he is a good student.
Hes = he has Hes been in the library since morning. = he has been in the library since morning.
His = a lui;
His car is red.
boy
= baiat
= the boy has a car.
boys
= baiatului
= the boys car is red.
boys
= baieti
= the boys have cars.
boys
= baietilor
= the boys cars are red.
mother
= his mother is a doctor.
mothers = their mothers are doctors.
mothers = his mothers job is difficult.
mothers = their mothers jobs are difficult.