Suicidal Risk Assessment - Becks Suicide Intent Scale

Becks Suicide Intent Scale (1974)
The suicide intent scale was developed by Aaron T. Beck and his colleagues at the University of
Pennsylvania for use with patients who attempt suicide but survive. It is important to understand
a patient's will to die in order to assess the severity of the suicide attempt. Some attempted
suicides are carried out with little to no intention of cessation of life, while others clearly have
no other goal. The suicide intent scale is an attempt to redefine the meaning of attempted
suicide, placing them on a scale based on intent.
Another factor that plays an important role, but is not listed on the scale below, includes the
chosen method of attempted death. Hangings and firearms is clearly more effective tools of
suicide, the damages much more difficult to reverse. Suicide by poisoning, on the other hand, is
less likely to be successful. This, however, is not the case in less developed nations, where
access to emergency treatment is less possible and there is greater access to more deadly
poisons such as pesticides. These factors must be also taken into consideration.
Objective Circumstances Related to Suicide Attempt
1. Isolation
1. Somebody present
2. Somebody nearby, or in visual or vocal contact
3. No one nearby or in visual or vocal contact
2. Timing
1. Intervention is probable
2. Intervention is not likely
3. Intervention is highly unlikely
3. Precautions against discovery/intervention
1. No precautions
2. Passive precautions (as avoiding other but doing nothing to prevent their
intervention; alone in room with unlocked door)
3. Active precautions (as locked door)
4. Acting to get help during/after attempt
1. Notified potential helper regarding attempt
2. Contacted but did not specifically notify potential helper regarding attempt
3. Did not contact or notify potential helper
5. Final acts in anticipation of death (will, gifts, insurance)
1. None
2. Thought about or made some arrangements
3. Made definite plans or completed arrangements
6. Active preparation for attempt
1. None
2. Minimal to moderate
3. Extensive
7. Suicide Note
1. Absence of note
2. Note written, but torn up; note thought about
3. Presence of note
8. Overt communication of intent before the attempt
1. None
2. Equivocal communication
3. Unequivocal communication
Self Report
9. Alleged purpose of attempt
1. To manipulate environment, get attention, get revenge
2. Components of above and below
3. To escape, surcease, solve problems
10. Expectations of fatality
1. Thought that death was unlikely
2. Thought that death was possible but not probable
3. Thought that death was probable or certain
11. Conception of method's lethality
1. Did less to self than s/he thought would be lethal
2. Wasn't sure if what s/he did would be lethal
3. Equaled or exceeded what s/he thought would be lethal
12. Seriousness of attempt
1. Did no seriously attempt to end life
2. Uncertain about seriousness to end life
3. Seriously attempted to end life
13. Attitude toward living/dying
1. Did not want to die
2. Components of above and below
3. Wanted to die
14. Conception of medical rescuability
1. Thought that death would be unlikely if he received medical attention
2. Was uncertain whether death could be averted by medical attention
3. Was certain of death even if he received medical attention
15. Degree of premeditation
1. None; impulsive
2. Suicide contemplated for three hours of less prior to attempt
3. Suicide contemplated for more than three hours prior to attempt
Other Aspects (Not included in total score)

16. Reaction to attempt
1. Sorry it was made; feels foolish; ashamed
2. Accepts both attempt and failure
3. Regrets failure of attempt
17. Visualization of death
1. Life after death, reunion with descendants
2. Never-ending sleep, darkness, end of things
3. No conceptions of or thoughts about death
18. Number of previous attempts
1. None
2. One or two
3. Three or more
19. Relationship between alcohol intake and attempt

1. Some alcohol intake prior to but not related to attempt; reportedly not enough to
impair judgment, reality testing
2. Enough alcohol intake to impair judgment; reality testing and diminish
responsibility
3. Intentional intake of alcohol in order to facilitate implementation of attempt
20. Relationship between drug intake and attempt
1. Some drug intake prior to but not related to attempt; reportedly not enough to
impair judgment, reality testing
2. Enough drug intake to impair judgment; reality testing and diminish
responsibility
3. Intentional intake of drug in order to facilitate implementation of attempt
15-19 Low Intent

20-28 Medium Intent
29+ High Intent
There is also a greater risk of repeated attempts the higher the intent rating.

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Becks Suicide Intent Scale (1974)

Becks Suicide Intent Scale (1974)

Other Aspects (Not included in total score)

Becks Suicide Intent Scale (1974)

19. Relationship between alcohol intake and attempt

15-19 Low Intent

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