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    Compound Curve Reversed Curve Spiral Curve

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    Ginto Aquino
    A compound curve consists of two or more circular curves joined at a point, with elements including the radii, lengths, and central angles of each curve section. A reversed curve changes the direction of curvature at its point of reversed curvature, and is sometimes used aesthetically for paths. A spiral transition curve is used between a tangent and circular curve to gradually change the curvature and superelevation, preventing an abrupt change, with elements like the spiral length, offset distance, and deflection angle that varies based on the curve formulae.

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    Compound Curve Reversed Curve Spiral Curve

    Uploaded by

    Ginto Aquino
    895 views11 pages
    A compound curve consists of two or more circular curves joined at a point, with elements including the radii, lengths, and central angles of each curve section. A reversed curve changes the direction of curvature at its point of reversed curvature, and is sometimes used aesthetically for paths. A spiral transition curve is used between a tangent and circular curve to gradually change the curvature and superelevation, preventing an abrupt change, with elements like the spiral length, offset distance, and deflection angle that varies based on the curve formulae.

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    highway engineering

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    A compound curve consists of two or more circular curves joined at a point, with elements including the radii, lengths, and central angles of each curve section. A reversed curve changes the direction of curvature at its point of reversed curvature, and is sometimes used aesthetically for paths. A spiral transition curve is used between a tangent and circular curve to gradually change the curvature and superelevation, preventing an abrupt change, with elements like the spiral length, offset distance, and deflection angle that varies based on the curve formulae.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    895 views11 pages

    Compound Curve Reversed Curve Spiral Curve

    Uploaded by

    Ginto Aquino
    A compound curve consists of two or more circular curves joined at a point, with elements including the radii, lengths, and central angles of each curve section. A reversed curve changes the direction of curvature at its point of reversed curvature, and is sometimes used aesthetically for paths. A spiral transition curve is used between a tangent and circular curve to gradually change the curvature and superelevation, preventing an abrupt change, with elements like the spiral length, offset distance, and deflection angle that varies based on the curve formulae.

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    Compound Curve

    A compound curve consists of two (or more) circular


    curves between two main tangents joined at point of
    compound curve (PCC). Curve at PC is designated as 1 (R1,
    L1, T1, etc) and curve at higher station is designated as 2
    (R2, L2, T2, etc).

    Elements of compound curve


    PC = point of curvature
    PT = point of tangency
    PI = point of intersection

    PCC = point of compound curve


    T1 = length of tangent of the first curve
    T2 = length of tangent of the second curve
    V1 = vertex of the first curve
    V2 = vertex of the second curve
    I1 = central angle of the first curve
    I2 = central angle of the second curve
    I = angle of intersection = I1 + I2
    Lc1 = length of first curve
    Lc2 = length of second curve
    L1 = length of first chord
    L2 = length of second chord
    L = length of long chord from PC to PT
    T1 + T2 = length of common tangent measured from
    V1 to V2
    = 180 I
    x and y can be found from triangle V1-V2-PI.

    L can be found from triangle PC-PCC-PT

    Finding the stationing of PT


    Given the stationing of PC
    Given the stationing of PI

    Reversed Curve
    Reversed curve, though pleasing to the eye, would bring
    discomfort to motorist running at design speed. The instant
    change in direction at the PRC brought some safety
    problems. Despite this fact, reversed curves are being used
    with great success on park roads, formal paths, waterway
    channels, and the like.

    Elements of Reversed Curve


    PC = point of curvature
    PT = point of tangency
    PRC = point of reversed curvature
    T1 = length of tangent of the first curve
    T2 = length of tangent of the second curve
    V1 = vertex of the first curve
    V2 = vertex of the second curve
    I1 = central angle of the first curve
    I2 = central angle of the second curve
    Lc1 = length of first curve
    Lc2 = length of second curve
    L1 = length of first chord
    L2 = length of second chord
    T1 + T2 = length of common tangent measured from
    V1 to V2

    Finding the stationing of PT

    Given the stationing of PC


    Given the stationing of V1

    Reversed Curve for Nonparallel Tangents

    Reversed Curve for Parallel Tangents

    Spiral Curve (Transition Curve)


    Spirals are used to overcome the abrupt change in
    curvature and superelevation that occurs between tangent
    and circular curve. The spiral curve is used to gradually
    change the curvature and superelevation of the road, thus
    called transition curve.

    Elements of Spiral
    Curve
    TS = Tangent to spiral
    SC = Spiral to curve
    CS = Curve to spiral
    ST = Spiral to tangent
    LT = Long tangent
    ST = Short tangent
    R = Radius of simple curve

    Ts = Spiral tangent distance


    Tc = Circular curve tangent
    L = Length of spiral from TS to any point along the
    spiral
    Ls = Length of spiral
    PI = Point of intersection
    I = Angle of intersection
    Ic = Angle of intersection of the simple curve
    p = Length of throw or the distance from tangent that
    the circular curve has been offset
    X = Offset distance (right angle distance) from tangent
    to any point on the spiral
    Xc = Offset distance (right angle distance) from tangent
    to SC
    Y = Distance along tangent to any point on the spiral
    Yc = Distance along tangent from TS to point at right
    angle to SC
    Es = External distance of the simple curve
    = Spiral angle from tangent to any point on the spiral

    s = Spiral angle from tangent to SC


    i = Deflection angle from TS to any point on the spiral, it
    is proportional to the square of its distance
    is = Deflection angle from TS to SC
    D = Degree of spiral curve at any point
    Dc = Degree of simple curve

    Formulas for Spiral Curve


    Distance along tangent to any point on the spiral:

    At L = Ls, Y = Yc, thus,

    Offset distance from tangent to any point on the spiral:

    At L = Ls, X = Xc, thus,

    Length of throw:

    Spiral angle from tangent to any point on the spiral (in


    radian):

    At L = Ls, = s, thus,

    Deflection angle from TS to any point on the spiral:

    At L = Ls, i = is, thus,

    This angle is proportional to the square of its distance

    Tangent distance:

    Angle of intersection of simple curve:

    External distance:

    Degree of spiral curve:

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