Optimization of Savonius Rotor For Wind Turbine
Optimization of Savonius Rotor For Wind Turbine
Optimization of Savonius Rotor For Wind Turbine
IJAET
ISSN: 22311963
ABSTRACT
Increasing demand in energy facilitated the need of clean energy such as wind energy. This study was done to
investigate the design and development of a micro Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT)-Savonius Type. In regions
where wind speed is limited Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) do not have a practical application due to
high wind speed requirement. VAWT provide operational abilities at lower speeds and do not require an
alignment mechanism. Through an exhaustive bibliographical research, it is possible to identify the influence
parameters, and to show that the aerodynamic efficiency of the Savonius rotor can be notably improved via a
judicious choice of its geometrical parameters. Modified forms of the conventional Savonius rotors are being
investigated in an effort to improve the power. The modification are made in the shape of the conventional
Savonius rotor, and for different velocity ranging from 2m/s to 8m/s the effect on the torque generated is
examined and compared with the conventional Savonius rotor, with small change in the shape of the
conventional Savonius rotor we observe the drastic change in the power generation by theoretical calculation
and analysis by software.
I. INTRODUCTION
1.Wind Power:
Wind energy is the most potential alternative source for renewable energy. This is mostly Pollution
free and abundantly available in the earths atmosphere. The interest in wind energy has been growing
and many researchers have to introduce and develop cost effective and reliable wind energy
conversion systems. In practice, however there are many difficulties to introduce wind turbines into
the community because of lesser wind energy source, noise pollution etc. There are two types of wind
machines, namely, horizontal axis machines and vertical axis wind machines. [3]
Horizontal axis wind turbines have their shaft and electric generator at the top of a tower and must be
pointed into the direction of the wind. Larger horizontal axis turbines use wind sensors that are
coupled to a servo motor. They include a gear box which turns the slow rotation of the blades into a
quicker rotation that is more suitable to drive an electric generator. These machines in general have a
higher efficiency when compared to vertical axis machines. Axis can be adjusted Vertical axis wind
turbines have the main rotor shaft arranged vertically. The main advantage offered by this type of
arrangement is that the turbine does not need to be pointed in the direction of the wind to be effective.
This is useful in a site where the wind direction is highly variable. Since the shaft is vertical, the gear
box and the generator can be placed near the ground so that the tower does not need to support it and
is hence, more accessible for maintenance. They are difficult to mount on towers and hence, they are
installed near the base, like a building rooftop. Since they are located closer to the ground than
horizontal wind machines, the arrangement can take an advantage of the natural constructions and
surrounding buildings to funnel the air and increase the wind velocity.
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R. Gupta, et al done the CFD analysis of a rotating two-bucket Savonius rotor with 0 rotor angle for
five overlaps, namely 16.2%, 20%, 25%, 30% & 35% was carried out using Fluent 6.3.26 software.
Velocity and static pressure contours were generated for each overlap condition and then these were
analyzed Static pressure decreases from upstream to downstream side of the rotor. The maximum
pressure drop is found in case of 16.2% overlap (18.41e+02 Pa) and minimum in case of 35% overlap
(9.27e+02 Pa) meaning maximum power extraction from wind by the rotor at 16.2% overlap
condition. The net pressure on the advancing and returning buckets comes out to be almost equal in
case of 16.2% overlap (about 1.02e+03 Pa), which would ensure stability of the rotor at 16.2%
overlap by minimizing vibration during rotation[5]
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Calculations are done for the modified Savonius rotor and for air velocity 6 m/s the Theoretical power
generation is (P) 97.26 watt.It is observe that the power generated by modified Savonius rotor is much
greater than the theoretical power generated by the conventional Savonius rotor.
III.
In this work, one kinds of simulation and analysis were done i.e. Computational Fluid Dynamics and
using Solid Works Flow Simulation/cosmo.
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IV.
The flow analysis for the modified Savonius rotor is done for the range of wind velocity from 2 m/s to
8 m/s, and the computational domain is 5m x 5m x 15m for the internal flow analysis. Flow through
the Savonius rotor blade, and then exit through the outlet that is set to environmental conditions. The
Savonius rotor blade is placed in the middle of wind tunnel. In internal analysis, the computational
Domain is automatically enveloped the model wall, which is the wind tunnel size for this work. The
lids are used to apply boundary condition.
The lid thickness for an internal analysis is usually not important. However, the lid should not be so
thick until the flow pattern is affected downstream in some way. If the lid is created to be too thin, this
will make the number of cells to be very high. For most cases the lid thickness could be the same
thickness used to create the neighboring wall the figure shows the flow pattern for the inlet velocity
from 2m/s to 8 m/s. Input Parameters for the CFD analysis of the Savonius rotor for velocity 6 m/s are
as given in the following table
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Minimum
101295
293.216
1.19499
1.6934E-09
293.216
Maximum
101357
293.219
1.19554
0.423496
293.219
Average
101346
293.219
1.19548
0.0411891
293.219
Output parameters from the analysis at V= 6 m/s are given in table below
Table 2. Out parameters at V= 6 m/s
Parameter
Normal Force [N]
Shear Force [N]
Force [N]
Torque [N*m]
Surface Area [m^2]
Torque of Normal
Force [N*m]
Torque of Shear
Force [N*m]
Value
7.32404
0.006787
7.32448
9.02615
0.503637
X-component
6.35504
0.00373995
6.35878
-0.456129
-0.297528
Y-component
0.0277127
-0.000430454
0.0272823
8.98424
-3.73079E-05
Z-component
3.64064
-0.00564838
3.63499
0.739427
-0.167707
9.02499
-0.45663
8.98306
0.73929
0.503637
0.001288
0.000501344
0.00117918
0.000137376
0.503637
P = 2 x 3.14 x N x T / 60
P = 2 x 3.14 x 33 x 9.026 / 60
P = 31.75 watt
V. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper from the calculations and analysis we can see that the power generation capacity of
modified Savonius rotor is more as compare to conventional Savonius rotor.
The theoretical power generated by the conventional Savonius rotor is 21.24 watt. And for the
modified Savonius rotor the theoretical power generated is 97.26 watt power generation calculated by
analysis of modified Savonius rotor is 31.75 watt which is much greater than the power generated by
conventional Savonius rotor.
REFERENCES
[1] Kamoji. M. A, S. B. Kedare and S. V. Prabhu (2008), Experimental Investigations on the Effect of Overlap
Ratio and Blade Edge Conditions on the Performance of Conventional Savonius Rotor, Wind engineering,
Volume 32, No. 2, pp 163178.
[2] M. A. Kamoji, S. B. Kedare and S. V. Prabhu (2008), Experimental investigations on single stage modified
Savonius rotor, Applied Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy .2008.09.019.
[3] Izumi Ushimaya , Hiroshi Nagai and Jinkichi Shinoda(1986), Experimentally Determining the Optimum
Configuration for Savonius Rotor, JSME Volume 29 No.258, pp 4130-4138
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AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY
Vaishali Vishal Ahire Mechanical engineer with extensive experience in Teaching and
management skills and works for a Sandip foundations Sandip Institute of technology and
Research Center, Nashik. One of the leading Institute in the field of education. As assistant
professor she is responsible for the development of students studding in the institute. Mrs
Vaishali V. Ahire has a M.E. in Mechanical Engineering from the Academic College of SRES
COE Kopargaon.
Swati Ashok Patil had completed B.E.[Civil] engineering & M.E. in Civil Engineering from
SSBTS Bambhori, Jalgaon with extensive 10 yrs experience in Teaching ,Learning and
management skills and works for a Sandip foundations Sandip Institute of technology and
Research Center, Nashik. One of the leading Institute in the field of education. I am working
assistant professor. She is responsible for the development of students studying in the institute.
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