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Chapter2922Datarepresentsa7classhistogramwithN=197.23Formatable:x=454858=78.4kpsisx
=359088...
10SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign24(a)yf
fyfy2yf/(Nw)...
Chapter21125Distributionisuniformininterval0.5000to0.5008in,rangenumbersarea=0.5000,b=
0.5008in.(a)...
12SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign27F(x)=
0.555x33mm(a...
Chapter21328Cramersrulea1=yx2xyx3xx2x2x3=yx3xyx2xx3(x2)2Ans.a2=xyx2xyx
x2x2x3=x...
14SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign2902040
608010012014...
Chapter215210E=ya0a2x22Ea0=2ya0a2x2=0yna0a2x2=0y=na0+a2x2E
a2=2ya...
16SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign211Data
Regressionxyyx...
Chapter217(b)Eq.(235)sm=0.5562.0333=0.3899lbf/ink=(9.7656,0.3899)lbf/inAns.212The
expression=...
18SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignFromTable
26,=Fl(1...
Chapter219216Fractiondiscardedis+.TheareaunderthePDFwasunity.Havingdiscarded+
fraction,theordi...
20SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)F(x1)=
F(0.748)=0F(x...
Chapter221220xffxfx2xf/(Nw)f(x)6021207200600.0028990.000399701704900700.001449
0.001206803240...
22SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign221xffxf
x2f/(Nw)f(x...
Chapter223222xffxfx2f/(Nw)f(x)64212881920.0086210.00548686408277440.0258620.017299
726432311040...
24SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignForno
yield,m=Sy0...
Chapter225z=ln 49.638.1971+0.17021+0.076812 ln(1+0.076812)(1+0.1702)=1.470

FromTableA10...
26SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign227(a)
wmax=0.014in,wm...
Chapter227Shaft:FromTableA12,fundamentaldeviationF=+0.043mm.FromEq.(240)dmin=d+F
=45.000+0.043...
28SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign233Do=
Di+2WDo=Di...
Chapter229(b)Y=3.9920.020inDo+wY=0w=YDow=YDo=3.9924.012=0.020
intw=allt=tY...
30SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign238wmax
=0.020in,wmin...
Chapter231Undernormalhypothesis,z0.01=(x0.0198.26)/4.30x0.01=98.26+4.30z0.01=98.26+
4.30(2.3267)=88....
32SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignThenormal
andlognormalare...
Chapter233x=(46.227.7)[(1+2/4.38)2(1+1/4.38)]1/2=18.5[(1.46)2(1.23)]1/2=18.5[0.8856
0.91075...
34SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignFromProb.
242p=1exp...
Chapter235FromEq.(217),thelognormalPDFisfLN(n)=10.2778n2exp12lnn4.7710.27782
Weformatab...
36SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignThe
lognormalL10lifecomes...
Chapter237248x=Su=W[70.3,84.4,2.01]Eq.(228)x=70.3+(84.470.3)(1+1/2.01)=70.3+(84.4
70.3)(1...
38SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignMakea
tableandsolveforb...
Chapter239FromEqs.(218)and(219),y=ln[5.034(106)]0.5282/2=15.292y=ln(1+0.5282)=
0.496FromEq....
31FromTableA20Sut=470MPa(68kpsi),Sy=390MPa(57kpsi)Ans.32FromTableA20Sut=620
MPa(90kpsi),Sy=...
Chapter34137Thespecicmoduliare:UNSG10350HRsteel:EW=30(106)0.282=1.06(108)inAns.
2024T4aluminum:...
42SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign310To
plottruevs.,th...
Chapter343311Tangentmodulusat=0isE0=.=500000.2(103)0=25(106)psiAt=20kpsi
E20.=(2...
44SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignLetx
represent(103)and...
Chapter345Therootsare:N=R11+hR1/2The+signbeingsignicant,N=R1+hR1/21Ans.
Substitutefor...
46SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesigny=mx+b,
=y,=xwhe...
Chapter347y=ln(1+0.041022)=0.0410,g(x)=1x(0.0410)2exp12lnx3.76910.04102x
f/(Nw)g(x)xf/...
48SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignEq.(314)
Sy=0mi=110...
Chapter349uT.=5i=1Ai=12(43000)(0.0015)+45000(0.004450.0015)+12(45000+76500)
(0.05980.004...
Chapter4411RCRARBRDCABWD123RBRAWRBRCRA21WRARBxRBxRByRByRB21
1ScaleofcornermagnifiedW...
Chapter45142(a)RA=2sin60=1.732kNAns.RB=2sin30=1kNAns.(b)S=0.6m=tan10.60.4
+0.6=30.96...
52SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignStep2:Find
componentsofR...
Chapter453(b)Fy=0R0=2+4(0.150)=2.6kNM0=0M0=2000(0.2)+4000(0.150)(0.425)=655Nm
M1=655+2600(...
54SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(e)
+MB=
07R1+3(400)...
Chapter45544(a)q=R1x140x41+30x81+R2x14160x181V=R140x4
0+30x8...
56SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(d)q=R1x
11000x2...
Chapter45710x15:V=16040x+40(x8)+352=192lbfM=160x20x2+20(x8)+352(x
10)=192x224...
58SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignSoW=l1
+1=l2x=l2...
Chapter459p=12tan143=26.6cw1=R=5,s=4526.6=18.4ccw(b)C=9+162=12.5CD
=1692...
60SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignp=1290
+tan176=69...
Chapter46149(a)C=1242=4CD=12+42=8R=82+72=10.631=4+10.63=14.632=4
10.63=6.63...
62SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign1=R=
9.71,s=4527...
Chapter463p=12tan137.5=10.9cw1=R=8.078,s=4510.9=34.1ccw410(a)C=2010
2=5CD=...
64SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)C=30
102=10CD=...
Chapter465(d)C=12+222=5CD=12+222=17R=172+122=20.811=5+20.81=25.812=5
20.81=15....
66SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(c)C=2
82=5CD=8...
Chapter467(b)C=30602=15CD=60+302=45R=452+302=54.11=15+54.1=39.12=0
3=1554....
68SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign413=F
A=2000(/4)(0....
Chapter4691/2=7.0121.892=2.56kpsi2/3=8.903+1.892=5.40kpsimax=1/3=8.903+7.0122
=7.96kpsi...
70SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignRootsare:
9,0,0kpsi2/3...
Chapter471Underwheel3M3=RAx3W1a13W2a23=(lx3d3)lWTx3W1a13W2a23For
maximum,dM3dx3=0=(l...
72SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesigny=
2(0.375)(0.75)+0.375(...
Chapter473becausethecentroidsarecoincident.A=10000(0.577)0.259=22.3(10)3psiAns.B=10
000(0.327)0.259...
74SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(d)Useaas
anegativearea...
Chapter475(f)Leta=totalareaA=1.5(3)1(1.25)=3.25in2I=Ia2Ib=112(1.5)(3)3112(1.25)(1)3
=3.27...
76SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)I=112
(1)(2)3=0.666...
Chapter477426Mmax=wl28max=wl2c8Iw=8Icl2(a)l=12(12)=144in,I=(1/12)(1.5)
(9.5)3=107.2in4...
78SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)Model
(d)Mmax=500(0.2...
Chapter479Atx=(l+a)+,V=M=0,termsforx>l+a=0F+p1ap1+p22aa2=0p1p2=2Fa
(1)F(l+...
80SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign431R1=c
lFM=clFx0...
Chapter481NotetheweightratioisWsqWrd=l(bt)2l(bt)(t)=bttthinwalledassumesb20t=
19=6...
82SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignTorque
carryingcapacityred...
Chapter483Foreachstrip,=3TlLc3G=3(14.97)(12)(1)(1/16)3(11.5)(106)=0.192radAns.kt=T/=
29.95/0.192=1...
84SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)Wsolid
=kd2=k(702),...
Chapter485Round:(max)rd=16Td3=16T(4A/)3/2=3.545T(A)3/2(max)sq(max)rd=4.83.545=
1.354Squarestr...
86SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignPlotisa
gentleconvexupwa...
Chapter487(MA)z=018RDy145.6(13)666.7(3)=0RDy=216.3lbf(MA)y=018RDz+
400(13)=0RDz=288.9...
88SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign449D/d=
1.51=1.5r/d=...
Chapter489Forr,wehaver=por2o+r2ir2opo/r2r2or2i=por2or2or2ir2ir21Sor=0
atr=...
90SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign455From
TableA20,Sy=5...
Chapter491458=2(2069)/60=216.7rad/s,=3320kg/m3,=0.24,ri=0.0125m,ro=0.15museEq.
(456)t...
92SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign461to466
=0.292,E=...
Chapter493465max=12(40.07640.000)=0.038mmAns.min=12(40.06040.025)=0.0175mm
Ans.Eq.(2)pmax...
94SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign468i=
0.292,Ei=30(106...
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Transcriptof"Solutionshigley's"
1. 1.Chapter1DBGFFaccAEff11 cr CImpendingmotiontoleftFcrConsiderforceFatG,
reactionsatBandD.ExtendlinesofactionforfullydevelopedfrictionDEandBEtondthepointof
concurrencyatEforimpendingmotiontotheleft.Thecriticalangleiscr.ResolveforceFinto
componentsFaccandFcr.Faccisrelatedtomassandacceleration.Pinacceleratestoleftforanyangle0<
<cr.When>cr,nomagnitudeofFwillmovethepin.DBGFFaccAEEff11Cd
Impendingmotiontoright Fcr crConsiderforceFatG,reactionsatAandC.Extendlinesof
actionforfullydevelopedfrictionAEandCEtondthepointofconcurrencyatEforimpending
motiontotheleft.Thecriticalangleiscr.ResolveforceFintocomponentsFaccandFcr.Faccisrelated
tomassandacceleration.Pinacceleratestorightforanyangle0<<cr.When>cr,nomagnitude
ofFwillmovethepin.Theintentofthequestionistogetthestudenttodrawandunderstandthefreebody
inordertorecognizewhatitteaches.Thegraphicapproachaccomplishesthisquickly.Itisimportantto
pointoutthatthisunderstandingenablesamathematicalmodeltobeconstructed,andthattherearetwoof
them.Thisisthesimplestprobleminmechanicalengineering.Usingitisagoodwaytobeginacourse.
Whatistheroleofpindiameterd?Yes,changingthesenseofFchangestheresponse.Problems11
through14areforstudentresearch.15shi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage1
2. 2.2SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign16
(a)Fy=FfNcos+Nsin=0(1)Fx=fNsin+NcosTr=0F=N(sinfcos)Ans.T=
Nr(fsin+cos)CombiningT=Fr1+ftantanf=KFrAns.(2)(b)IfTdetentselflocking
tanf=0cr=tan1fAns.(Frictionisfullydeveloped.)Check:IfF=10lbf,f=0.20,=45,r=2
inN=100.20cos45+sin45=17.68lbfTr=17.28(0.20sin45+cos45)=15lbffN=
0.20(17.28)=3.54lbfcr=tan1f=tan1(0.20)=11.3111.31<<9017(a)F=F0+k(0)=F0
T1=F0rAns.(b)WhenteethareabouttoclearF=F0+kx2FromProb.16T2=Frftan+1tanf
T2=r(F0+kx2)(ftan+1)tanfAns.18Given,F=10+2.5xlbf,r=2in,h=0.2in,=60,f=
0.25,xi=0,xf=0.2Fi=10lbfFf=10+2.5(0.2)=10.5lbfAns.xyFfNN Trshi20396_ch01.qxd
6/5/0312:11PMPage2
3. 3.Chapter13FromEq.(1)ofProb.16N=Ffcos+sinNi=100.25cos60+sin60=13.49
lbfAns.Nf=10.51013.49=14.17lbfAns.FromEq.(2)ofProb.16K=1+ftantanf=1+0.25
tan60tan600.25=0.967Ans.Ti=0.967(10)(2)=19.33lbfinTf=0.967(10.5)(2)=20.31lbfin
19(a)PointvehiclesQ=carshour=vx=42.1vv20.324SeekstationarypointmaximumdQdv=0=
42.12v0.324v*=21.05mphQ*=42.1(21.05)21.0520.324=1367.6cars/hAns.(b)Q=vx+l=
0.324v(42.1)v2+lv1MaximizeQwithl=10/5280mivQ22.181221.43122.191221.43322.20
1221.43522.211221.43522.221221.434%lossofthroughput136812211221=12%Ans.xl2l2
vxvshi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage3
4. 4.4SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(c)%
increaseinspeed22.221.0521.05=5.5%ModestchangeinoptimalspeedAns.110Thisandthe
followingproblemmaybethestudentsrstexperiencewithagureofmerit.Formulatefomtoreect
largergureofmeritforlargermerit.Useamaximizationoptimizationalgorithm.Whenonegetsinto
computerimplementationandanswersarenotknown,minimizinginsteadofmaximizingisthelargest
erroronecanmake.FV=F1sinW=0FH=F1cosF2=0FromwhichF1=W/sinF2=W
cos/sinfom=S=(volume).=(l1A1+l2A2)A1=F1S=WSsin,l2=l1cosA2=F2
S=WcosSsinfom=l2cosWSsin+l2WcosSsin=Wl2S1+cos2cossin
Setleadingconstanttounityfom0205.86304.04403.22453.00502.8754.7362.828
602.886Checksecondderivativetoseeifamaximum,minimum,orpointofinectionhasbeenfound.
Or,evaluatefomoneithersideof*.*=54.736Ans.fom*=2.828Alternative:dd1+cos2cos
sin=0Andsolveresultingtranscendentalfor*.shi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage4
5. 5.Chapter15111(a)x1+x2=X1+e1+X2+e2error=e=(x1+x2)(X1+X2)=e1+e2Ans.(b)
x1x2=X1+e1(X2+e2)e=(x1x2)(X1X2)=e1e2Ans.(c)x1x2=(X1+e1)(X2+e2)e
=x1x2X1X2=X1e2+X2e1+e1e2.=X1e2+X2e1=X1X2e1X1+e2X2Ans.(d)x1x2=X1+
e1X2+e2=X1X21+e1/X11+e2/X21+e2X21.=1e2X2and1+e1X11e2X2.=1+e1
X1e2X2e=x1x2X1X2.=X1X2e1X1e2X2Ans.112(a)x1=5=2.2360679775X1=
2.233correctdigitsx2=6=2.44948774278X2=2.443correctdigitsx1+x2=5+6=4.685
55772028e1=x1X1=52.23=0.0060679775e2=x2X2=62.44=0.00948974278e
=e1+e2=52.23+62.44=0.01555772028Sum=x1+x2=X1+X2+e=2.23+2.44+
0.01555772028=4.68555772028(Checks)Ans.(b)X1=2.24,X2=2.45e1=52.24=0.003
93202250e2=62.45=0.00051025722e=e1+e2=0.00444227972Sum=X1+X2+e=
2.24+2.45+(0.00444227972)=4.68555772028Ans.shi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage5
(a)=20(6.89)=137.8MPa(b)F=350(4.45)=1558N=1.558kN(c)M=1200lbfin(0.113)=135.6
Nm(d)A=2.4(645)=1548mm2(e)I=17.4in4(2.54)4=724.2cm4(f)A=3.6(1.610)2=9.332km2
(g)E=21(1000)(6.89)=144.69(103)MPa=144.7GPa(h)v=45mi/h(1.61)=72.45km/h(i)V=60
in3(2.54)3=983.2cm3=0.983liter114(a)l=1.5/0.305=4.918ft=59.02in(b)=600/6.89=86.96
kpsi(c)p=160/6.89=23.22psi(d)Z=1.84(105)/(25.4)3=11.23in3(e)w=38.1/175=0.218lbf/in(f)
=0.05/25.4=0.00197in(g)v=6.12/0.0051=1200ft/min(h)=0.0021in/in(i)V=30/(0.254)3=1831
in3115(a)=20015.3=13.1MPa(b)=42(103)6(102)2=70(106)N/m2=70MPa(c)y=
1200(800)3(103)33(207)(6.4)(109)(102)4=1.546(102)m=15.5mm(d)=1100(250)(103)
79.3(/32)(25)4(109)(103)4=9.043(102)rad=5.18116(a)=60020(6)=5MPa(b)I=112
8(24)3=9216mm4(c)I=64324(101)4=5.147cm4(d)=16(16)(253)(103)3=5.215(106)
N/m2=5.215MPashi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage6
7. 7.Chapter17117(a)=120(103)(/4)(202)=382MPa(b)=32(800)(800)(103)(32)3(103)3=
198.9(106)N/m2=198.9MPa(c)Z=32(36)(364264)=3334mm3(d)k=(1.6)4(79.3)(103)4
(109)8(19.2)3(32)(103)3=286.8N/mshi20396_ch01.qxd6/5/0312:11PMPage7
8. 8.(b)f/(Nx)=f/(6910)=f/690Eq.(29)x=848069=122.9kcyclesEq.(210)sx=1104600
84802/696911/2=30.3kcyclesAns.xffxfx2f/(Nx)60212072000.00297017049000.001580
3240192000.0043905450405000.00721008800800000.01161101213201452000.01741206
720864000.00871301013001690000.0145140811201568000.011615057501125000.01741602
320512000.00291703510867000.00431802360648000.00291901190361000.00152000000
2101210441000.00156984801104600Chapter221(a)060210190
20018017016015014013012011010090807024681012shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage8
9. 9.Chapter2922Datarepresentsa7classhistogramwithN=197.23Formatable:x=454858=
78.4kpsisx=35908845482/585811/2=6.57kpsiFromEq.(214)f(x)=16.572exp12x
78.46.572xffxfx2642128819268640827744726432311047696845198480191520
1216008410840705608843523097692218416928584548359088xffxfx217461044181656
1829163829811619044836015884001986713266262668820653109182249108214122568
54955222061320290400197391147789900x=39114197=198.55kpsiAns.sx=778390039
1142/19719711/2=9.55kpsiAns.shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage9
4(a)yffyfy2yf/(Nw)f(y)g(y)5.62515.62531.640635.6250.0727270.0012620.0002955.875000
5.87500.0085860.0040886.1250006.12500.0420380.0311946.375319.125121.92196.375
0.2181820.1481060.1402626.625319.875131.67196.6250.2181820.3754930.3936676.875641.25
283.59386.8750.4363640.6850570.7250027.1251499.75710.71887.1251.0181820.8993890.915
1287.37515110.625815.85947.3751.0909090.8496970.8224627.6251076.25581.40637.625
0.7272730.5776650.5442517.875215.75124.03137.8750.1454550.2826080.2731388.12518.125
66.015638.1250.0727270.0994920.1067255396.3752866.859Foranormaldistribution,y=
396.375/55=7.207,sy=2866.859(396.3752/55)5511/2=0.4358f(y)=10.43582exp12x
7.2070.43582Foralognormaldistribution,x=ln7.206818ln1+0.0604742=1.9732,sx=ln
1+0.0604742=0.0604g(y)=1x(0.0604)(2)exp12lnx1.97320.06042(b)Histogram00.2
0.40.60.811.25.635.886.136.386.636.88logN7.137.387.637.888.13DataNLNf
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage10
11. 11.Chapter21125Distributionisuniformininterval0.5000to0.5008in,rangenumbersarea=0.5000,
b=0.5008in.(a)Eq.(222)x=a+b2=0.5000+0.50082=0.5004Eq.(223)x=ba23=
0.50080.500023=0.000231(b)PDFfromEq.(220)f(x)=12500.5000x0.5008in0
otherwise(c)CDFfromEq.(221)F(x)= 0x<0.5000(x0.5)/0.00080.5000x0.50081x>
0.5008Ifallsmallerdiametersareremovedbyinspection,a=0.5002,b=0.5008x=0.5002+0.50082
=0.5005inx=0.50080.500223=0.000173inf(x)=1666.70.5002x0.50080otherwise
F(x)= 0x<0.50021666.7(x0.5002)0.5002x0.50081x>0.500826Dimensions
producedareduetotooldullingandwear.Whenpartsaremixed,thedistributionisuniform.FromEqs.
(222)and(223),a=x3s=0.62413(0.000581)=0.6231inb=x+3s=0.6241+3(0.000
581)=0.6251inWesuspectthedimensionwas0.6230.625inAns.shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PM
Page11
7F(x)=0.555x33mm(a)SinceF(x)islinear,thedistributionisuniformatx=aF(a)=0=0.555(a)
33a=59.46mm.Therefore,atx=bF(b)=1=0.555b33b=61.26mm.Therefore,F(x)=
0x<59.46mm0.555x3359.46x61.26mm1x>61.26mmThePDFisdF/dx,thustherange
numbersare:f(x)=0.55559.46x61.26mm0otherwiseAns.Fromtherangenumbers,x=59.46+
61.262=60.36mmAns.x=61.2659.4623=0.520mmAns.1(b)isanuncorrelatedquotient
F=3600lbf,A=0.112in2CF=300/3600=0.08333,CA=0.001/0.112=0.008929FromTable26,
for=FA=36000.112=32143psiAns.=32143(0.083332+0.0089292)(1+0.0089292)
1/2=2694psiAns.C=2694/32143=0.0838Ans.SinceFandAarelognormal,divisionisclosedand
islognormaltoo.=LN(32143,2694)psiAns.shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage12
13. 13.Chapter21328Cramersrulea1=yx2xyx3xx2x2x3=yx3xyx2xx3(x2)2Ans.a2=xy
x2xyxx2x2x3=xxyyx2xx3(x2)2Ans.0.0500.050.10.150.20.250.300.20.40.60.81
DataRegressionxyxyx2x3xy00.010000.20.150.040.0080.0300.40.250.160.0640.1000.60.25
0.360.2160.1500.80.170.640.5120.1361.00.011.001.0000.0103.00.822.201.8000.406a1=
1.040714a2=1.04643Ans.DataRegressionxyy00.0100.20.150.1662860.40.250.2488570.6
0.250.2477140.80.170.1628571.00.010.00571shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage13
90204060801001201400100200SuSe300400DataRegressionDataRegressionSuSeSeS2u
SuSe020.35675603039.0807836001800644840.32905409630726529.540.6411242251917.582
4545.94626672436901015151.875541020151511195057.492751416159501204857.80481
1440057601306760.925481690087101346062.173751795680401456465.60649210259280180
8476.5288432400151201957881.2098538025152102059684.3305242025196802078784.95466
42849180092108785.8908644100182702137586.8270645369159752259990.571875062522275
2258790.57187506251957522711691.196515292633223010592.13225290024150238109
94.62874566442594224210695.877015856425652265105103.0546702252782528096107.7356
784002688029599112.41668702529205325114121.778610562537050325117121.7786105625
38025355122131.14061260254331054622274.51251868501855.5m=0.312067b=20.35675Ans.
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage14
15. 15.Chapter215210E=ya0a2x22Ea0=2ya0a2x2=0yna0a2x2=0y=na0+
a2x2Ea2=2ya0a2x2(2x)=0xy=a0x+a2x3Ans.Cramersrulea0=yx2xyx3nx2xx3
=x3yx2xynx3xx2a2=nyxxynx2xx3=nxyxynx3xx2a0=800000(56)12
000(2400)4(800000)200(12000)=20a2=4(2400)200(56)4(800000)200(12000)=0.002
DataRegression051015yx2025020406080100DataRegressionxyyx2x3xy201919.2400
8000380401716.8160064000680601312.836002160007808077.2640051200056020056
120008000002400shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage15
11DataRegressionxyyx2y2xyxx(xx)20.27.17.9318030.0450.411.420.633333
0.4011111110.410.39.8849180.16106.094.120.4333330.1877777780.612.111.8380320.36146.41
7.260.2333330.0544444440.813.813.7911470.64190.4411.040.0333330.001111111116.2
15.7442621.00262.4416.200.1666660.027777778225.225.5098364.00635.0450.401.166666
1.361111111584.76.21390.8390.4402.033333333m=k=6(90.44)5(84.7)6(6.2)(5)2=9.7656
b=Fi=84.79.7656(5)6=5.9787(a)x=56y=84.76=14.117Eq.(237)syx=1390.83
5.9787(84.7)9.7656(90.44)62=0.556Eq.(236)sb=0.55616+(5/6)22.0333=0.3964lbfFi=
(5.9787,0.3964)lbfAns.Fx051015202530010.51.522.5DataRegressionshi20396_ch02.qxd
7/21/033:28PMPage16
17. 17.Chapter217(b)Eq.(235)sm=0.5562.0333=0.3899lbf/ink=(9.7656,0.3899)lbf/inAns.212
Theexpression=/lisoftheformx/y.Now=(0.0015,0.000092)in,unspecieddistributionl=
(2.000,0.0081)in,unspecieddistributionCx=0.000092/0.0015=0.0613Cy=0.0081/2.000=0.000
75FromTable26,=0.0015/2.000=0.00075=0.000750.06132+0.0040521+0.0040521/2=
4.607(105)=0.000046Wecanpredictandbutnotthedistributionof.213=E=(0.0005,0.000
034)distributionunspeciedE=(29.5,0.885)Mpsi,distributionunspeciedCx=0.000034/0.0005=
0.068,Cy=0.0885/29.5=0.030isoftheformx,yTable26=E=0.0005(29.5)106=14750psi
=14750(0.0682+0.0302+0.0682+0.0302)1/2=1096.7psiC=1096.7/14750=0.07435214
=FlAEF=(14.7,1.3)kip,A=(0.226,0.003)in2,l=(1.5,0.004)in,E=(29.5,0.885)Mpsidis
tributionsunspecied.CF=1.3/14.7=0.0884CA=0.003/0.226=0.0133Cl=0.004/1.5=0.00267CE
=0.885/29.5=0.03Meanof:=FlAE=Fl1A1Eshi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage17
18. 18.18SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign
FromTable26,=Fl(1/A)(1/E)=14700(1.5)10.226129.5(106)=0.00331inAns.Forthe
standarddeviation,usingtherstordertermsinTable26,.=FlAEC2F+C2l+C2A+C2
E1/2=C2F+C2l+C2A+C2E1/2=0.00331(0.08842+0.002672+0.01332+0.032)1/2=
0.000313inAns.COVC=0.000313/0.00331=0.0945Ans.ForceCOVdominates.Thereisno
distributionalinformationon.215M=(15000,1350)lbfin,distributionunspeciedd=(2.00,0.005)
indistributionunspecied.=32Md3,CM=135015000=0.09,Cd=0.0052.00=0.0025isofthe
formx/y,Table26.Mean:=32Md3.=32Md3=32(15000)(23)=19099psiAns.
StandardDeviation:=C2M+C2d31+C2d31/2FromTable26,Cd3.=3Cd=3(0.0025)=
0.0075=C2M+(3Cd)2(1+(3Cd))21/2=19099[(0.092+0.00752)/(1+0.00752)]1/2=1725
psiAns.COV:C=172519099=0.0903Ans.StressCOVdominates.Noinformationofdistributionof
.shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage18
19. 19.Chapter219216Fractiondiscardedis+.TheareaunderthePDFwasunity.Havingdiscarded
+fraction,theordinatestothetruncatedPDFaremultipliedbya.a=11(+)NewPDF,g(x),is
givenbyg(x)=f(x)/[1(+)]x1xx20otherwiseMoreformalproof:g(x)hastheproperty1=x2
x1g(x)dx=ax2x1f(x)dx1=af(x)dxx10f(x)dxx2f(x)dx1=a{1F(x1)[1
F(x2)]}a=1F(x2)F(x1)=1(1)=11(+)217(a)d=U[0.748,0.751]d=0.751+0.748
2=0.7495ind=0.7510.74823=0.000866inf(x)=1ba=10.7510.748=333.3in1F(x)
=x0.7480.7510.748=333.3(x0.748)x1f(x)xx2shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage
19
20. 20.20SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(b)
F(x1)=F(0.748)=0F(x2)=(0.7500.748)333.3=0.6667Ifg(x)istruncated,PDFbecomesg(x)=f(x)
F(x2)F(x1)=333.30.66670=500in1x=a+b2=0.748+0.7502=0.749inx=ba23=
0.7500.74823=0.000577in218FromTableA10,8.1%correspondstoz1=1.4and5.5%
correspondstoz2=+1.6.k1=+z1k2=+z2Fromwhich=z2k1z1k2z2z1=1.6(9)
(1.4)111.6(1.4)=9.933=k2k1z2z1=1191.6(1.4)=0.6667Theoriginaldensity
functionisf(k)=10.66672exp12k9.9330.66672Ans.219FromProb.21,=122.9kcycles
and=30.3kcycles.z10=x10=x10122.930.3x10=122.9+30.3z10FromTableA10,for
10percentfailure,z10=1.282x10=122.9+30.3(1.282)=84.1kcyclesAns.0.748g(x)500xf(x)
333.30.7490.7500.751shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage20
21. 21.Chapter221220xffxfx2xf/(Nw)f(x)6021207200600.0028990.00039970170490070
0.0014490.00120680324019200800.0043480.00300990545040500900.0072460.0062041008
800800001000.0115940.0105671101213201452001100.0173910.014871120672086400120
0.0086960.0172921301013001690001300.0144930.016612140811201568001400.011594
0.01318515057501125001500.0072460.0086471602320512001600.0028990.0046851703510
867001700.0043480.0020971802360648001800.0028990.0007761901190361001900.001449
0.00023720000020005.98E052101210441002100.0014491.25E05698480x=122.8986sx=
22.88719xf/(Nw)f(x)xf/(Nw)f(x)5500.0002141450.0115940.010935550.0028990.000214145
0.0072460.010935650.0028990.0007111550.0072460.006518650.0014490.0007111550.002899
0.006518750.0014490.0019511650.0028990.00321750.0043480.0019511650.0043480.0032185
0.0043480.0044251750.0043480.001306850.0072460.0044251750.0028990.001306950.007246
0.0082921850.0028990.000439950.0115940.0082921850.0014490.0004391050.0115940.012839
1950.0014490.0001221050.0173910.01283919500.0001221150.0173910.01642320502.8E05
1150.0086960.0164232050.0014992.8E051250.0086960.0173572150.0014995.31E06125
0.0144930.01735721505.31E061350.0144930.0151571350.0115940.015157shi20396_ch02.qxd
7/21/033:28PMPage21
21xffxfx2f/(Nw)f(x)174610441816560.0038070.001642182916382981160.0057110.009485
19044836015884000.0279190.027742198671326626266680.0425130.0410682065310918
22491080.0336290.0307732141225685495520.0076140.011671222613322957040.003807
0.0022411386197391267789204x=198.6091sx=9.695071xf/(Nw)f(x)17000.000529170
0.0038070.0005291780.0038070.0042971780.0057110.0042971860.0057110.0176631860.027919
0.0176631940.0279190.0367521940.0425130.0367522020.0425130.0387082020.0336290.038708
2100.0336290.0206352100.0076140.0206352180.0076140.0055682180.0038070.005568226
0.0038070.0007622600.00076DataPDF00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.045150170
190210x230fHistogramPDF00.0020.0040.0060.0080.010.0120.0140.0160.018fx0.02050100
150200250shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage22
23. 23.Chapter223222xffxfx2f/(Nw)f(x)64212881920.0086210.00548686408277440.025862
0.017299726432311040.0258620.037705769684519840.0387930.05674280191520121600
0.0818970.0589598410840705600.0431030.042298884352309760.0172410.020952922184
169280.0086210.007165624584548359088x=78.41379sx=6.572229xf/(Nw)f(x)xf/(Nw)f(x)
6200.002684820.0818970.052305620.0086210.002684820.0431030.052305660.0086210.010197
860.0431030.03118660.0258620.010197860.0172410.03118700.0258620.026749900.017241
0.012833700.0258620.026749900.0086210.012833740.0258620.048446940.0086210.00364774
0.0387930.0484469400.003647780.0387930.060581780.0818970.060581223=4Pd2=
4(40)(12)=50.93kpsi=4Pd2=4(8.5)(12)=10.82kpsisy=5.9kpsiDataPDFx00.01
0.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.0960708090100fshi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage23
Fornoyield,m=Sy0z=mmm=0mm=mmm=Sy=27.47kpsi,
m=2+2Sy1/2=12.32kpsiz=27.4712.32=2.230FromTableA10,pf=0.0129R=1
pf=10.0129=0.987Ans.224Foralognormaldistribution,Eq.(218)y=lnxln1+C2xEq.
(219)y=ln1+C2xFromProb.(223)m=Sy=xy=lnSyln1+C2Sylnln1
+C2=lnSy1+C21+C2Syy=ln1+C2Sy+ln1+C21/2=ln1+C2Sy1+C2z=
=lnSy1+C21+C2Syln1+C2Sy1+C2=4Pd2=4(30)(12)=38.197kpsi
=4Pd2=4(5.1)(12)=6.494kpsiC=6.49438.197=0.1700CSy=3.8149.6=0.076810m
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage24
25. 25.Chapter225z=ln 49.638.1971+0.17021+0.076812 ln(1+0.076812)(1+0.1702)=
1.470FromTableA10pf=0.0708R=1pf=0.929Ans.225(a)a=1.0000.001inb=2.000
0.003inc=3.0000.005ind=6.0200.006inw=dabc=6.020123=0.020intw=
tall=0.001+0.003+0.005+0.006=0.015inw=0.0200.015inAns.(b)w=0.020w=2all=
0.00132+0.00332+0.00532+0.00632=0.004860.005in(uniform)w=0.0200.005
inAns.226V+V=(a+a)(b+b)(c+c)V+V=abc+bca+acb+abc+smallhigherordertermsV
V.=aa+bb+ccAns.V=abc=1.25(1.875)(2.75)=6.4453in3VV=0.0011.250+0.002
1.875+0.0032.750=0.00296V=VVV=0.00296(6.4453)=0.0191in3Lowerrangenumber:V
V=6.44530.0191=6.4262in3Ans.Upperrangenumber:V+V=6.4453+0.0191=6.4644in3
Ans.shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage25
27(a)wmax=0.014in,wmin=0.004inw=(0.014+0.004)/2=0.009inw=0.0090.005inw=x
y=abc0.009=a0.0421.000a=1.051intw=tall0.005=ta+0.002+0.002ta=
0.0050.0020.002=0.001ina=1.0510.001inAns.(b)w=2all=2a+2b+2c2a
=2w2b2c=0.005320.002320.002322a=5.667(106)a=5.667(106)
=0.00238ina=1.051in,a=0.00238inAns.228Choose15mmasbasicsize,D,d.Table28:tis
designatedas15H7/h6.FromTableA11,thetolerancegradesareD=0.018mmandd=0.011mm.
Hole:Eq.(238)Dmax=D+D=15+0.018=15.018mmAns.Dmin=D=15.000mmAns.Shaft:
FromTableA12,fundamentaldeviationF=0.FromEq.(239)dmax=d+F=15.000+0=15.000
mmAns.dmin=d+Rd=15.000+00.011=14.989mmAns.229Choose45mmasbasicsize.
Table28designatestas45H7/s6.FromTableA11,thetolerancegradesareD=0.025mmandd=
0.016mmHole:Eq.(238)Dmax=D+D=45.000+0.025=45.025mmAns.Dmin=D=45.000mm
Ans.acbwshi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage26
27. 27.Chapter227Shaft:FromTableA12,fundamentaldeviationF=+0.043mm.FromEq.(240)dmin
=d+F=45.000+0.043=45.043mmAns.dmax=d+F+d=45.000+0.043+0.016=45.059mm
Ans.230Choose50mmasbasicsize.FromTable28tis50H7/g6.FromTableA11,thetolerance
gradesareD=0.025mmandd=0.016mm.Hole:Dmax=D+D=50+0.025=50.025mmAns.Dmin
=D=50.000mmAns.Shaft:FromTableA12fundamentaldeviation=0.009mmdmax=d+F=
50.000+(0.009)=49.991mmAns.dmin=d+Fd=50.000+(0.009)0.016=49.975mm231
Choosethebasicsizeas1.000in.FromTable28,for1.0in,thetisH8/f7.FromTableA13,the
tolerancegradesareD=0.0013inandd=0.0008in.Hole:Dmax=D+(D)hole=1.000+0.0013=
1.0013inAns.Dmin=D=1.0000inAns.Shaft:FromTableA14:Fundamentaldeviation=0.0008in
dmax=d+F=1.0000+(0.0008)=0.9992inAns.dmin=d+Fd=1.0000+(0.0008)0.0008=
0.9984inAns.Alternatively,dmin=dmaxd=0.99920.0008=0.9984in.Ans.232Do=W+Di+
WDo=W+Di+W=0.139+3.734+0.139=4.012intDo=tall=0.004+0.028+0.004=0.036
inDo=4.0120.036inAns.DoWDiWshi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage27
33Do=Di+2WDo=Di+2W=208.92+2(5.33)=219.58mmtDo=allt=tDi+2tw=1.30+
2(0.13)=1.56mmDo=219.581.56mmAns.234Do=Di+2WDo=Di+2W=3.734+
2(0.139)=4.012mmtDo=allt2=t2Do+(2tw)21/2=[0.0282+(2)2(0.004)2]1/2=0.029inDo=
4.0120.029inAns.235Do=Di+2WDo=Di+2W=208.92+2(5.33)=219.58mmtDo=allt2
=[1.302+(2)2(0.13)2]1/2=1.33mmDo=219.581.33mmAns.236(a)w=FWw=FW=
0.1060.139=0.033intw=allt=0.003+0.004tw=0.007inwmax=w+tw=0.033+0.007=
0.026inwmin=wtw=0.0330.007=0.040inTheminimumsqueezeis0.026in.Ans.wWF
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage28
29. 29.Chapter229(b)Y=3.9920.020inDo+wY=0w=YDow=YDo=3.9924.012=
0.020intw=allt=tY+tDo=0.020+0.036=0.056inw=0.0200.056inwmax=0.036inwmin=
0.076inOringismorelikelycompressedthanfreepriortoassemblyoftheendplate.237(a)Figure
deneswasgap.TheOringissqueezedatleast0.75mm.(b)Fromthegure,thestochasticequation
is:Do+w=Yor,w=YDow=YDo=218.48219.58=1.10mmtw=allt=tY+tDo=
1.10+0.34=1.44mmwmax=w+tw=1.10+1.44=0.34mmwmin=wtw=1.101.44=
2.54mmTheOringismorelikelytobecircumferentiallycompressedthanfreepriortoassemblyof
theendplate.Ymax=Do=219.58mmYmin=max[0.99Do,Do1.52]=max[0.99(219.58,219.58
1.52)]=217.38mmY=218.481.10mmYDoww=FWw=FW=4.325.33=1.01
mmtw=allt=tF+tW=0.13+0.13=0.26mmwmax=w+tw=1.01+0.26=0.75mmwmin=
wtw=1.010.26=1.27mmwWFYmax=Do=4.012inYmin=max[0.99Do,Do0.06]
=max[3.9719,3.952]=3.972inYDowshi20396_ch02.qxd8/6/0311:07AMPage29
38wmax=0.020in,wmin=0.040inw=12(0.020+(0.040))=0.030intw=12(0.020
(0.040))=0.010inb=0.7500.001inc=0.1200.005ind=0.8750.001inw=abcd
0.030=a0.8750.1200.750a=0.875+0.120+0.7500.030a=1.715inAbsolute:tw=allt
=0.010=ta+0.001+0.005+0.001ta=0.0100.0010.0050.001=0.003ina=1.7150.003in
Ans.Statistical:Foranormaldistributionofdimensionst2w=allt2=t2a+t2b+t2c+t2dta=t2w
t2bt2ct2d1/2=(0.01020.00120.00520.0012)1/2=0.0085a=1.7150.0085inAns.239
xnnxnx293191767164311952523752256259738368535754299171683166617101121212
122412103101030106090105552555125107442845796109443647524111222224624136
133641315704x=13364/136=98.26kpsisx=1315704133642/1361351/2=4.30kpsibcwd
ashi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage30
31. 31.Chapter231Undernormalhypothesis,z0.01=(x0.0198.26)/4.30x0.01=98.26+4.30z0.01=
98.26+4.30(2.3267)=88.26.=88.3kpsiAns.240FromProb.239,x=98.26kpsi,andx=4.30
kpsi.Cx=x/x=4.30/98.26=0.04376FromEqs.(218)and(219),y=ln(98.26)0.043762/2=
4.587y=ln(1+0.043762)=0.04374Forayieldstrengthexceededby99%ofthepopulation,z0.01=
(lnx0.01y)/ylnx0.01=y+yz0.01FromTableA10,for1%failure,z0.01=2.326.Thus,ln
x0.01=4.587+0.04374(2.326)=4.485x0.01=88.7kpsiAns.ThenormalPDFisgivenbyEq.(214)
asf(x)=14.302exp12x98.264.302Forthelognormaldistribution,fromEq.(217),dening
g(x),g(x)=1x(0.04374)2exp12lnx4.5870.043742x(kpsi)f/(Nw)f(x)g(x)x(kpsi)f/(Nw)
f(x)g(x)920.000000.032150.032631020.036760.063560.06134920.069850.032150.03263104
0.036760.038060.03708940.069850.056800.058901040.018380.038060.03708940.091910.05680
0.058901060.018380.018360.01869960.091910.080810.083081060.014710.018360.0186996
0.139710.080810.083081080.014710.007130.00793980.139710.092610.092971080.01471
0.007130.00793980.062500.092610.092971100.014710.002230.002861000.062500.08548
0.083671100.007350.002230.002861000.044120.085480.083671120.007350.000560.00089102
0.044120.063560.061341120.000000.000560.00089Note:rowsarerepeatedtodrawhistogram
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage31
Thenormalandlognormalarealmostthesame.HoweverthedataisquiteskewedandperhapsaWeibull
distributionshouldbeexplored.ForamethodofestablishingtheWeibullparametersseeShigley,J.E.,
andC.R.Mischke,MechanicalEngineeringDesign,McGrawHill,5thed.,1989,Sec.412.241Letx=
(Sfe)104x0=79kpsi,=86.2kpsi,b=2.6Eq.(228)x=x0+(x0)(1+1/b)x=79+(86.279)
(1+1/2.6)=79+7.2(1.38)FromTableA34,(1.38)=0.88854x=79+7.2(0.88854)=85.4kpsiAns.
Eq.(229)x=(x0)[(1+2/b)2(1+1/b)]1/2=(86.279)[(1+2/2.6)2(1+1/2.6)]1/2=
7.2[0.923760.888542]1/2=2.64kpsiAns.Cx=xx=2.6485.4=0.031Ans.242x=Sutx0=
27.7,=46.2,b=4.38x=27.7+(46.227.7)(1+1/4.38)=27.7+18.5(1.23)=27.7+18.5(0.91075)
=44.55kpsiAns.f(x)g(x)Histogram00.020.040.060.080.10.120.140.169092949698100102
104106108x(kpsi)Probabilitydensity110112shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage32
33. 33.Chapter233x=(46.227.7)[(1+2/4.38)2(1+1/4.38)]1/2=18.5[(1.46)2(1.23)]1/2=
18.5[0.88560.910752]1/2=4.38kpsiAns.Cx=4.3844.55=0.098Ans.FromtheWeibullsurvival
equationR=expxx0x0b=1pR40=expx40x0x0b=1p40=exp4027.7
46.227.74.38=0.846p40=1R40=10.846=0.154=15.4%Ans.243x=Sutx0=151.9,=
193.6,b=8x=151.9+(193.6151.9)(1+1/8)=151.9+41.7(1.125)=151.9+41.7(0.94176)=
191.2kpsiAns.x=(193.6151.9)[(1+2/8)2(1+1/8)]1/2=41.7[(1.25)2(1.125)]1/2=
41.7[0.906400.941762]1/2=5.82kpsiAns.Cx=5.82191.2=0.030244x=Sutx0=47.6,=
125.6,b=11.84x=47.6+(125.647.6)(1+1/11.84)x=47.6+78(1.08)=47.6+78(0.95973)=
122.5kpsix=(125.647.6)[(1+2/11.84)2(1+1/11.84)]1/2=78[(1.08)2(1.17)]1/2=78(0.959
730.936702)1/2=22.4kpsishi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage33
FromProb.242p=1expxx00b=1exp10047.6125.647.611.84=0.0090Ans.y
=Syy0=64.1,=81.0,b=3.77y=64.1+(81.064.1)(1+1/3.77)=64.1+16.9(1.27)=64.1+
16.9(0.90250)=79.35kpsiy=(8164.1)[(1+2/3.77)(1+1/3.77)]1/2y=16.9[(0.88757)0.902
502]1/2=4.57kpsip=1expyy0y03.77p=1exp7064.18164.13.77=0.019Ans.
245x=Sut=W[122.3,134.6,3.64]kpsi,p(x>120)=1=100%sincex0>120kpsip(x>133)=exp
133122.3134.6122.33.64=0.548=54.8%Ans.246UsingEqs.(228)and(229)andTableA34,
n=n0+(n0)(1+1/b)=36.9+(133.636.9)(1+1/2.66)=122.85kcyclesn=(n0)[(1+2/b)
2(1+1/b)]=34.79kcyclesFortheWeibulldensityfunction,Eq.(227),fW(n)=2.66133.636.9n
36.9133.636.92.661expn36.9133.636.92.66Forthelognormaldistribution,Eqs.(218)and
(219)give,y=ln(122.85)(34.79/122.85)2/2=4.771y=[1+(34.79/122.85)2]=0.2778
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage34
35. 35.Chapter235FromEq.(217),thelognormalPDFisfLN(n)=10.2778n2exp12lnn4.771
0.27782WeformatableofdensitiesfW(n)andfLN(n)andplot.n(kcycles)fW(n)fLN(n)409.1E05
1.82E05500.0009910.000241600.0024980.001233700.0043800.003501800.0064010.00673990
0.0083010.0099131000.0098220.0120221100.0107500.0126441200.0109650.0119471300.010459
0.0103991400.0093460.0084921500.0078270.0065971600.0061390.0049261700.0045070.003564
1800.0030920.0025151900.0019790.0017392000.0011800.0011842100.0006540.000795220
0.0003360.000529TheWeibullL10lifecomesfromEq.(226)withareliabilityofR=0.90.Thus,n0.10
=36.9+(13336.9)[ln(1/0.90)]1/2.66=78.1kcyclesAns.f(n)n,kcycles00.0040.0020.0060.008
0.0100.0120.014010050150200LNW250shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage35
ThelognormalL10lifecomesfromthedenitionofthezvariable.Thatis,lnn0=y+yzorn0=
exp(y+yz)FromTableA10,forR=0.90,z=1.282.Thus,n0=exp[4.771+0.2778(1.282)]=
82.7kcyclesAns.247Formatablexg(x)iL(105)fifix(105)fix2(1010)(105)13.0539.15
27.90750.055723.55724.8588.21750.147434.051144.55180.42750.251444.551672.80331.24
0.316855.0521106.05535.55250.321665.551372.15400.43250.278976.051378.65475.8325
0.215186.55639.30257.4150.151797.05214.1099.4050.1000107.550000.0625118.05432.20
259.210.0375128.55325.65219.30750.0218139.050000.0124149.550000.00691510.051
10.05101.00250.0038100529.502975.95x=529.5(105)/100=5.295(105)cyclesAns.sx=
2975.95(1010)[529.5(105)]2/10010011/2=1.319(105)cyclesAns.Cx=s/x=1.319/5.295=
0.249y=ln5.295(105)0.2492/2=13.149y=ln(1+0.2492)=0.245g(x)=1xy2exp12
lnxyy2g(x)=1.628xexp12lnx13.1490.2452shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage
36
37. 37.Chapter237248x=Su=W[70.3,84.4,2.01]Eq.(228)x=70.3+(84.470.3)(1+1/2.01)=
70.3+(84.470.3)(1.498)=70.3+(84.470.3)0.88617=82.8kpsiAns.Eq.(229)x=(84.470.3)
[(1+2/2.01)2(1+1/2.01)]1/2x=14.1[0.997910.886172]1/2=6.502kpsiCx=6.50282.8=
0.079Ans.249TaketheWeibullequationforthestandarddeviationx=(x0)[(1+2/b)2(1+
1/b)]1/2andthemeanequationsolvedforxx0xx0=(x0)(1+1/b)Dividingtherstbythe
second,xxx0=[(1+2/b)2(1+1/b)]1/2(1+1/b)4.24933.8=(1+2/b)2(1+1/b)1=R
=0.276300.10.20.30.40.5105g(x)x,cyclesSuperposedhistogramandPDF3.05(105)10.05(105)
shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage37
Makeatableandsolveforbiterativelyb.=4.068UsingMathCadAns.=x0+xx0(1+1/b)=33.8
+4933.8(1+1/4.068)=49.8kpsiAns.250x=Sy=W[34.7,39,2.93]kpsix=34.7+(3934.7)(1
+1/2.93)=34.7+4.3(1.34)=34.7+4.3(0.89222)=38.5kpsix=(3934.7)[(1+2/2.93)2(1+
1/2.93)]1/2=4.3[(1.68)2(1.34)]1/2=4.3[0.905000.892222]1/2=1.42kpsiAns.Cx=1.42/38.5=
0.037Ans.251x(Mrev)ffxfx211111112224488338114342457228912531155775619
1146847151057358129676891199891109909001177784712560720Sum782371193
7673x=1193(106)/237=5.034(106)cyclesx=7673(1012)[1193(106)]2/2372371=
2.658(106)cyclesCx=2.658/5.034=0.528b1+2/b1+1/b(1+2/b)(1+1/b)31.671.330.90330
0.893380.36341.51.250.886230.906400.2804.11.491.240.885950.908520.271shi20396_ch02.qxd
7/21/033:28PMPage38
39. 39.Chapter239FromEqs.(218)and(219),y=ln[5.034(106)]0.5282/2=15.292y=ln(1+
0.5282)=0.496FromEq.(217),deningg(x),g(x)=1x(0.496)2exp12lnx15.2920.4962
x(Mrev)f/(Nw)g(x)(106)0.50.000000.000110.50.046410.000111.50.046410.052041.50.09283
0.052042.50.092830.169922.50.160340.169923.50.160340.207543.50.240510.207544.50.24051
0.178484.50.130800.178485.50.130800.131585.50.080170.131586.50.080170.090116.50.06329
0.090117.50.063290.059537.50.050630.059538.50.050630.038698.50.046410.038699.50.04641
0.025019.50.037970.0250110.50.037970.0161810.50.029540.0161811.50.029540.0105111.5
0.021100.0105112.50.021100.0068712.50.000000.00687z=lnxyylnx=y+yz=
15.292+0.496zL10life,where10%ofbearingsfail,fromTableA10,z=1.282.Thus,lnx=15.292+
0.496(1.282)=14.66x=2.32106revAns.HistogramPDFx,Mrevg(x)(106)00.050.10.150.2
0.25024681012shi20396_ch02.qxd7/21/033:28PMPage39
40. 40.31FromTableA20Sut=470MPa(68kpsi),Sy=390MPa(57kpsi)Ans.32FromTableA20Sut
=620MPa(90kpsi),Sy=340MPa(49.5kpsi)Ans.33Comparisonofyieldstrengths:SutofG10500
HRis620470=1.32timeslargerthanSAE1020CDAns.SytofSAE1020CDis390340=1.15times
largerthanG10500HRAns.FromTableA20,theductilities(reductioninareas)show,SAE1020CDis
4035=1.14timeslargerthanG10500Ans.ThestiffnessvaluesofthesematerialsareidenticalAns.Table
A20TableA5SutSyDuctilityStiffnessMPa(kpsi)MPa(kpsi)R%GPa(Mpsi)SAE1020CD470(68)
390(57)40207(30)UNS10500HR620(90)340(495)35207(30)34FromTableA211040Q&TSy=
593(86)MPa(kpsi)at205C(400F)Ans.35FromTableA211040Q&TR=65%at650C(1200
F)Ans.36UsingTableA5,thespecicstrengthsare:UNSG10350HRsteel:SyW=39.5(103)0.282
=1.40(105)inAns.2024T4aluminum:SyW=43(103)0.098=4.39(105)inAns.Ti6Al4Vtitanium:
SyW=140(103)0.16=8.75(105)inAns.ASTM30graycastironhasnoyieldstrength.Ans.Chapter3
shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage40
41. 41.Chapter34137Thespecicmoduliare:UNSG10350HRsteel:EW=30(106)0.282=1.06(108)
inAns.2024T4aluminum:EW=10.3(106)0.098=1.05(108)inAns.Ti6Al4Vtitanium:EW=
16.5(106)0.16=1.03(108)inAns.Graycastiron:EW=14.5(106)0.26=5.58(107)inAns.382G(1
+)=E=E2G2GFromTableA5Steel:=302(11.5)2(11.5)=0.304Ans.Aluminum:=
10.42(3.90)2(3.90)=0.333Ans.Berylliumcopper:=182(7)2(7)=0.286Ans.Graycastiron:=
14.52(6)2(6)=0.208Ans.3901000.0020.10.0040.20.0060.30.0080.40.0100.50.0120.60.014
0.70.0160.8(Lowercurve)(Uppercurve)20304050StressP
A0kpsiStrain,607080EYUSu85.5
kpsiAns.E90
0.00330000kpsiAns.Sy45.5kpsiAns.R(100)45.8%Ans.A0AFA0
0.19870.10770.1987ll0ll0l0ll01AA01shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AM
Page41
10Toplottruevs.,thefollowingequationsareappliedtothedata.A0=(0.503)24=0.1987in2Eq.
(34)=lnll0for0L0.0028in=lnA0AforL>0.0028intrue=PATheresultsare
summarizedinthetablebelowandplottedonthenextpage.Thelast5pointsofdataareusedtoplotlog
vslogThecurvetgivesm=0.2306log0=5.18520=153.2kpsiAns.For20%coldwork,Eq.
(310)andEq.(313)give,A=A0(1W)=0.1987(10.2)=0.1590in2=lnA0A=ln0.19870.1590
=0.2231Eq.(314):Sy=0m=153.2(0.2231)0.2306=108.4kpsiAns.Eq.(315),withSu=85.5kpsi
fromProb.39,Su=Su1W=85.510.2=106.9kpsiAns.PLAtrueloglogtrue000.198713
0010000.00040.1987130.00025032.3883.699013.70177420000.00060.1987130.000310064.78
3.522944.00280430000.00100.1987130.000515097.173.301144.17889540000.00130.198713
0.0006520129.553.187234.30383470000.00230.1987130.00114935226.722.939554.5468728400
0.00280.1987130.00139942272.062.854184.62605388000.00360.19840.00157544354.84
2.802614.64694192000.00890.19780.00460446511.632.336854.66756291000.19630.012216
46357.621.913054.666121132000.19240.03228468607.071.491014.836369152000.1875
0.05808281066.671.235964.908842170000.15630.240083108765.20.619645.03649164000.1307
0.418956125478.20.377835.098568148000.10770.612511137418.80.212895.138046
shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage42
43. 43.Chapter343311Tangentmodulusat=0isE0=.=500000.2(103)0=25(106)psiAt
=20kpsiE20.=(2619)(103)(1.51)(103)=14.0(106)psiAns.(103)(kpsi)000.2050.44
100.80161.0191.5262.0322.8403.4464.0495.054312FromProb.28,fory=a1x+a2x2a1=y
x3xyx2xx3(x2)2a2=xxyyx2xx3(x2)2log log y0.2306x5.18524.84.955.15.2
1.61.41.210.80.60.40.20 true true(psi)020000400006000080000100000120000
14000016000000.10.20.30.40.50.60.7 (103)(Sy)0.00135kpsiAns. (kpsi)01020304050
60012345shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage43
Letxrepresent(103)andyrepresent(kpsi),xyx2x3xy000000.250.040.0081.00.4410
0.19360.0851844.40.80160.640.51212.81.0191.001.00019.01.5262.253.37539.02.0324.00
8.00064.02.8407.8421.952112.03.44611.5639.304156.44.04916.0064.000196.05.05425.00
125.000270.0=21.1429768.5236263.2362874.6Substituting,a1=297(263.2362)874.6(68.5236)
21.14(263.2362)(68.5236)2=20.99367a2=21.14(874.6)297(68.5236)21.14(263.2362)
(68.5236)2=2.14242Thetangentmodulusisdydx=dd=20.993672(2.14242)x=20.99367
4.28483xAt=0,E0=20.99MpsiAns.At=20kpsi20=20.99367x2.14242x2x=1.069,8.73
Takingtherstroot,=1.069andthetangentmodulusisE20=20.993674.28483(1.069)=16.41
MpsiAns.Determinetheequationforthe0.1percentoffsetliney=20.99x+baty=0,x=1b=
20.99y=20.99x20.99=20.99367x2.14242x22.14242x220.99=0x=3.130(Sy)0.001=
20.99(3.13)2.142(3.13)2=44.7kpsiAns.313Since|o|=|i|lnR+hR+N=lnRR+N=lnR+
NRR+hR+N=R+NR(R+N)2=R(R+h)Fromwhich,N2+2RNRh=0shi20396_ch03.qxd
8/18/0310:18AMPage44
45. 45.Chapter345Therootsare:N=R11+hR1/2The+signbeingsignicant,N=R1+hR1/21
Ans.SubstituteforNino=lnR+hR+NGives0=ln R+hR+R1+hR1/2R
=ln1+hR1/2Ans.Theseconstituteausefulpairofequationsincoldformingsituations,
allowingthesurfacestrainstobefoundsothatcoldworkingstrengthenhancementcanbeestimated.314
=16Td3=16T(12.5)3106(103)3=2.6076TMPa=180rL=180(12.5)350=
6.2333(104)ForG,taketherst10datapointsforthelinearpartofthecurve.(103)(MPa)T
(deg.)(103)(MPa)xyx2xy000000007.70.380.23686520.078520.23686520.07852
0.0561054.755915.30.800.49866439.896280.49866439.896280.24866619.894823.01.240.772929
59.97480.77292959.97480.59742046.356330.71.641.02226180.053321.02226180.053321.045018
81.835438.32.011.25289399.871081.25289399.871081.569742125.127846.02.401.495992
119.94961.495992119.94962.237992179.443653.72.851.776491140.02811.776491140.0281
3.155918248.758661.43.252.025823160.10662.025823160.10664.103957324.347669.03.80
2.368654179.92442.368654179.92445.610522426.178676.74.502.804985200.0029=11.45057
899.882818.625341456.698680.05.103.178983208.60885.06.484.039178221.64690.08.01
4.992873234.68495.09.585.971501247.722100.011.186.968829260.76shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/03
10:18AMPage45
46. 46.46SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesigny
=mx+b,=y,=xwheremistheshearmodulusG,m=NxyxyNx2(x)2=77.3MPa103=
77.3GPaAns.b=ymxN=1.462MPaFromcurveSys.=200MPaAns.Notesinceisnotuniform,
theoffsetyielddoesnotapply,soweareusingtheelasticlimitasanapproximation.315xffxfx238.5
277.02964.5039.59355.514042.2540.5301215.049207.5041.5652697.5111946.3042.5101
4292.5182431.3043.51124872.0211932.0044.5904005.0178222.5045.5542457.0111793.5046.5
251162.554056.2547.59427.520306.2548.5297.04704.5049.5149.52450.25=528.050021708.0
944057.00x=21708/500=43.416,x=944057(217082/500)5001=1.7808Cx=
1.7808/43.416=0.04102,y=ln43.416ln(1+0.041022)=3.7691 (103) (MPa)050100150
20025030001234567shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage46
47. 47.Chapter347y=ln(1+0.041022)=0.0410,g(x)=1x(0.0410)2exp12lnx3.76910.0410
2xf/(Nw)g(x)xf/(Nw)g(x)3800.001488450.1800.142268380.0040.001488450.1080.14226839
0.0040.009057460.1080.073814390.0180.009057460.0500.073814400.0180.035793470.050
0.029410400.0600.035793470.0180.029410410.0600.094704480.0180.009152410.1300.094704
480.0040.009152420.1300.172538490.0040.002259420.2020.172538490.0020.002259430.202
0.222074500.0020.000449430.2240.2220745000.000449440.2240.206748440.1800.206748Sy=
LN(43.42,1.781)kpsiAns.316FromTableA22AISI1212Sy=28.0kpsi,f=106kpsi,Sut=61.5
kpsi0=110kpsi,m=0.24,f=0.85FromEq.(312)u=m=0.24Eq.(310)A0Ai=11W=11
0.2=1.25Eq.(313)i=ln1.25=0.2231i<uxf(x)00.050.10.150.20.2535404550Histogram
PDFshi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage47
Eq.(314)Sy=0mi=110(0.2231)0.24=76.7kpsiAns.Eq.(315)Su=Su1W=61.510.2=
76.9kpsiAns.317ForHB=250,Eq.(317)Su=0.495(250)=124kpsi=3.41(250)=853MPaAns.
318Forthedatagiven,HB=2530H2B=640226HB=253010=253HB=640226(2530)2/10
9=3.887Eq.(317)Su=0.495(253)=125.2kpsiAns.su=0.495(3.887)=1.92kpsiAns.319From
Prob.318,HB=253andHB=3.887Eq.(318)Su=0.23(253)12.5=45.7kpsiAns.su=
0.23(3.887)=0.894kpsiAns.320(a)uR.=45.522(30)=34.5inlbf/in3Ans.(b)PLAA0/A1=
P/A0000010000.00040.00025032.3920000.00060.000310064.7830000.00100.000515097.17
40000.00130.0006520129.5570000.00230.0011535226.7284000.00280.001442272.0688000.0036
0.001844285.0292000.00890.0044546297.9791000.19630.0122910.01229145794.73132000.1924
0.0328110.03281166427.53152000.18750.0598020.05980276492.30170000.15630.271355
0.27135585550.60164000.13070.5203730.52037382531.17148000.10770.8450590.845059
74479.35shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage48
49. 49.Chapter349uT.=5i=1Ai=12(43000)(0.0015)+45000(0.004450.0015)+12(45000+76
500)(0.05980.00445)+81000(0.40.0598)+80000(0.8450.4).=66.7(103)inlbf/in3Ans.
020000100003000040000500006000070000800009000000.20.40.60.8A3A4A5Last6data
pointsFirst9datapoints 0A1A21500010000500020000250003000035000400004500050000
00.0020.0010.0030.0040.005 020000100003000040000500006000070000800009000000.2
0.4Alldatapoints0.60.8shi20396_ch03.qxd8/18/0310:18AMPage49
50. 50.Chapter4411RCRARBRDCABWD123RBRAWRBRCRA21WRARBxRBxRBy
RByRB211ScaleofcornermagnifiedWAB(e)(f)(d)WARARBB12WARARBB112(a)(b)
(c)shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage50
51. 51.Chapter45142(a)RA=2sin60=1.732kNAns.RB=2sin30=1kNAns.(b)S=0.6m=tan1
0.60.4+0.6=30.96RAsin135=800sin30.96RA=1100NAns.ROsin14.04=800sin30.96
RO=377NAns.(c)RO=1.2tan30=2.078kNAns.RA=1.2sin30=2.4kNAns.(d)Step1:FindRA
andREh=4.5tan30=7.794m
+MA=09RE7.794(400cos30)4.5(400sin30)=0RE=400N
Ans.Fx=0RAx+400cos30=0RAx=346.4NFy=0RAy+400400sin30=0RAy=200
NRA=346.42+2002=400NAns.DChByExA4.5m9m400N3423060RAyRARAxRE1.2
kN60RARO6090301.2kNRARO4530.9614.0413530.9630.96800NRAROO
0.4m45800N0.6mAsRAROB6090302kNRARB212kN6030RARB
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage51
Step2:FindcomponentsofRConlink4andRD
+MC=0400(4.5)(7.7941.9)RD=0RD=
305.4NAns.Fx=0(RCx)4=305.4NFy=0(RCy)4=400NStep3:FindcomponentsofRCon
link2Fx=0(RCx)2+305.4346.4=0(RCx)2=41NFy=0(RCy)2=200N43(a)
+M0=0
18(60)+14R2+8(30)4(40)=0R2=71.43lbfFy=0:R140+30+71.4360=0R1=1.43lbf
M1=1.43(4)=5.72lbfinM2=5.7241.43(4)=171.44lbfinM3=171.4411.43(6)=240
lbfinM4=240+60(4)=0checks!4"4"6"4"1.4341.4311.436040lbf60lbf30lbfxxxOA
BCDyR1R2M1M2M3M4OV(lbf)M(lbfin)OCCDBABDE305.4N346.4N305.4N41N
400N200N400N200N400NPinC30305.4N400N400N200N41N305.4N200N346.4N
305.4N(RCx)2(RCy)2CBA2400N4RD(RCx)4(RCy)4DCEAns.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/03
10:35AMPage52
53. 53.Chapter453(b)Fy=0R0=2+4(0.150)=2.6kNM0=0M0=2000(0.2)+4000(0.150)(0.425)=
655NmM1=655+2600(0.2)=135NmM2=135+600(0.150)=45NmM3=45+12
600(0.150)=0checks!(c)M0=0:10R26(1000)=0R2=600lbfFy=0:R11000+600=0
R1=400lbfM1=400(6)=2400lbfftM2=2400600(4)=0checks!(d)
+MC=010R1+2(2000)
+8(1000)=0R1=1200lbfFy=0:120010002000+R2=0R2=1800lbfM1=1200(2)=2400lbf
ftM2=2400+200(6)=3600lbfftM3=36001800(2)=0checks!2000lbf1000lbfR1OOM1M2
M3R26ft2ft2ftABCyM12001800200xxx6ft4ftAOOOB600M1M2V(lbf)1000lbfy
R1R2400M(lbfft)xxxV(kN)150mm200mm150mm2.6655M(Nm)0.6M1M2M32kN4
kN/myAOOOOBCROMOxxxshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage53
54. 54.54SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(e)
+MB=07R1+3(400)3(800)=0R1=171.4lbfFy=0:171.4400+R2800=0R2=1371.4
lbfM1=171.4(4)=685.7lbfftM2=685.7571.4(3)=2400lbfftM3=2400+800(3)=0
checks!(f)BreakatAR1=VA=1240(8)=160lbf
+MD=012(160)10R2+320(5)=0R2=352
lbfFy=0160+352320+R3=0R3=128lbfM1=12160(4)=320lbfinM2=32012160(4)
=0checks!(hinge)M3=0160(2)=320lbfinM4=320+192(5)=640lbfinM5=640128(5)
=0checks!40lbf/inV(lbf)OO160160128192M320lbf160lbf352lbf128lbfM1M2M3M4
M5xxx8"5"2"5"40lbf/in160lbfOAyBDCA320lbfR2R3R1VAAOOOCMV(lbf)800
171.4571.43ft3ft4ft800lbf400lbfByM1M2M3R1R2xxxshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35
AMPage54
55. 55.Chapter45544(a)q=R1x140x41+30x81+R2x14160x181V=R1
40x40+30x80+R2x14060x180(1)M=R1x40x41+30x81+R2x141
60x181(2)forx=18+V=0andM=0Eqs.(1)and(2)give0=R140+30+R260R1+R2
=70(3)0=R1(18)40(14)+30(10)+4R29R1+2R2=130(4)Solve(3)and(4)simultaneouslyto
getR1=1.43lbf,R2=71.43lbf.Ans.FromEqs.(1)and(2),atx=0+,V=R1=1.43lbf,M=0x=
4+:V=1.4340=41.43,M=1.43xx=8+:V=1.4340+30=11.43M=1.43(8)40(8
4)1=171.44x=14+:V=1.4340+30+71.43=60M=1.43(14)40(144)+30(148)=
240.x=18+:V=0,M=0SeecurvesofVandMinProb.43solution.(b)q=R0x1M0x2
2000x0.214000x0.350+4000x0.50V=R0M0x12000x0.204000x0.351
+4000x0.51(1)M=R0xM02000x0.212000x0.352+2000x0.52(2)atx=0.5+m,
V=M=0,Eqs.(1)and(2)giveR020004000(0.50.35)=0R1=2600N=2.6kNAns.R0(0.5)
M02000(0.50.2)2000(0.50.35)2=0withR0=2600N,M0=655NmAns.WithR0and
M0,Eqs.(1)and(2)givethesameVandMcurvesasProb.43(noteforV,M0x1hasnophysical
meaning).(c)q=R1x11000x61+R2x101V=R11000x60+R2x100(1)M=
R1x1000x61+R2x101(2)atx=10+ft,V=M=0,Eqs.(1)and(2)giveR11000+R2=0
R1+R2=100010R11000(106)=0R1=400lbf,R2=1000400=600lbf0x6:V=
400lbf,M=400x6x10:V=4001000(x6)0=600lbfM=400x1000(x6)=6000600x
SeecurvesofProb.43solution.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage55
56. 56.56SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(d)
q=R1x11000x212000x81+R2x101V=R11000x202000x80+R2
x100(1)M=R1x1000x212000x81+R2x101(2)Atx=10+,V=M=0fromEqs.
(1)and(2)R110002000+R2=0R1+R2=300010R11000(102)2000(108)=0R1
=1200lbf,R2=30001200=1800lbf0x2:V=1200lbf,M=1200xlbfft2x8:V=1200
1000=200lbfM=1200x1000(x2)=200x+2000lbfft8x10:V=120010002000=
1800lbfM=1200x1000(x2)2000(x8)=1800x+18000lbfftPlotsarethesameasin
Prob.43.(e)q=R1x1400x41+R2x71800x101V=R1400x40+R2x7
0800x100(1)M=R1x400x41+R2x71800x101(2)atx=10+,V=M=0R1
400+R2800=0R1+R2=1200(3)10R1400(6)+R2(3)=010R1+3R2=2400(4)Solve
Eqs.(3)and(4)simultaneously:R1=171.4lbf,R2=1371.4lbf0x4:V=171.4lbf,M=171.4x
lbfft4x7:V=171.4400=571.4lbfM=171.4x400(x4)lbfft=571.4x+16007x
10:V=171.4400+1371.4=800lbfM=171.4x400(x4)+1371.4(x7)=800x8000lbf
ftPlotsarethesameasinProb.43.(f)q=R1x140x0+40x80+R2x101320x151
+R3x20V=R140x+40x81+R2x100320x150+R3x200(1)M=R1x20x2+
20x82+R2x101320x151+R3x201(2)M=0atx=8in8R120(8)2=0R1=
160lbfatx=20+,VandM=016040(20)+40(12)+R2320+R3=0R2+R3=480160(20)
20(20)2+20(12)2+10R2320(5)=0R2=352lbfR3=480352=128lbf0x8:V=160
40xlbf,M=160x20x2lbfin8x10:V=16040x+40(x8)=160lbf,M=160x20x2+
20(x8)2=1280160xlbfinshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage56
57. 57.Chapter45710x15:V=16040x+40(x8)+352=192lbfM=160x20x2+20(x8)+
352(x10)=192x224015x20:V=16040x+40(x8)+352320=128lbfM=160x
20x220(x8)+352(x10)320(x15)=128x+2560PlotsofVandMarethesameasinProb.
43.45Solutiondependsuponthebeamselected.46(a)Momentatcenter,xc=(l2a)/2Mc=w2l2(l
2a)l22=wl2l4aAtreaction,|Mr|=wa2/2a=2.25,l=10in,w=100lbf/inMc=100(10)210
42.25=125lbfinMr=100(2.252)2=253.1lbfinAns.(b)MinimumoccurswhenMc=|Mr|wl2
l4a=wa22a2+al0.25l2=0Takingthepositiveroota=12l+l2+4(0.25l2)=l221=
0.2071lAns.forl=10inandw=100lbf,Mmin=(100/2)[(0.2071)(10)]2=214.5lbfin47Fortheith
wirefrombottom,fromsummingforcesvertically(a)Ti=(i+1)WFromsummingmomentsaboutpoint
a,Ma=W(lxi)iWxi=0Giving,xi=li+1WiWTixiashi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AM
Page57
58. 58.58SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignSo
W=l1+1=l2x=l2+1=l3y=l3+1=l4z=l4+1=l5(b)Withstraightrigidwires,themobile
isnotstable.Anyperturbationcanleadtoallwiresbecomingcollinear.Considerawireoflengthlbentat
itsstringsupport:Ma=0Ma=iWli+1cosilWi+1cos=0iWli+1(coscos)=0Moment
vanisheswhen=foranywire.Consideraccwrotationangle,whichmakes+and
Ma=iWli+1[cos(+)cos()]=2iWli+1sinsin.=2iWli+1sinThereexistsa
correctingmomentofoppositesensetoarbitraryrotation.Anequationforanupwardbendcanbefound
bychangingthesignofW.Themomentwillnolongerbecorrecting.Acurved,convexupwardbendof
wirewillproducestableequilibriumtoo,buttheequationwouldchangesomewhat.48(a)C=12+62=
9CD=1262=3R=32+42=51=5+9=142=95=42 s(12,4cw)CRD 2 1 1
22 p(6,4ccw)yx cw ccwWiWili1Tili1shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AM
Page58
59. 59.Chapter459p=12tan143=26.6cw1=R=5,s=4526.6=18.4ccw(b)C=9+162
=12.5CD=1692=3.5R=52+3.52=6.101=6.1+12.5=18.6p=12tan153.5=27.5ccw
2=12.56.1=6.41=R=6.10,s=4527.5=17.5cw(c)C=24+102=17CD=24102=
7R=72+62=9.221=17+9.22=26.222=179.22=7.782 s(24,6cw)CRD 2 1 1 2
2 p(10,6ccw)yx cw ccwx12.512.56.1017.5x6.418.627.52 s(16,5ccw)CRD 2
1 1 22 p(9,5cw)yx cw ccw3533318.4xx41426.6shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/03
10:35AMPage59
60. 60.60SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesignp
=1290+tan176=69.7ccw1=R=9.22,s=69.745=24.7ccw(d)C=9+192=14CD=
1992=5R=52+82=9.4341=14+9.43=23.432=149.43=4.57p=1290+tan158=
61.0cw1=R=9.434,s=6145=16cwx14149.43416x23.434.57612 s(9,8cw)CR
D 2 1 1 22 p(19,8ccw)yx cw ccwx17179.2224.7x26.227.7869.7
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage60
61. 61.Chapter46149(a)C=1242=4CD=12+42=8R=82+72=10.631=4+10.63=14.63
2=410.63=6.63p=1290+tan187=69.4ccw1=R=10.63,s=69.445=24.4ccw
(b)C=652=0.5CD=6+52=5.5R=5.52+82=9.711=0.5+9.71=10.212=0.59.71=
9.21p=12tan185.5=27.75ccwx10.219.2127.752 s(5,8cw)CRD 2 1 1 2
2 p(6,8ccw)yx cw ccwx4410.6324.4x14.636.6369.42 s(12,7cw)CRD 2 1 1
22 p(4,7ccw)yx cw ccwshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage61
=R=9.71,s=4527.75=17.25cw(c)C=8+72=0.5CD=8+72=7.5R=7.52+62=
9.601=9.600.5=9.102=0.59.6=10.1p=1290+tan17.56=70.67cw1=R=9.60,
s=70.6745=25.67cw(d)C=962=1.5CD=9+62=7.5R=7.52+32=8.0781=1.5+
8.078=9.582=1.58.078=6.582 s(9,3cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(6,3ccw)yx cw
ccwx0.50.59.6025.67x10.19.170.672 s(8,6cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(7,6ccw)xy
cw ccwx0.50.59.7117.25shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage62
63. 63.Chapter463p=12tan137.5=10.9cw1=R=8.078,s=4510.9=34.1ccw410(a)C
=20102=5CD=20+102=15R=152+82=171=5+17=222=517=12p=12tan
1815=14.04cw1=R=17,s=4514.04=30.96ccw517530.96x122214.04x2 s
(20,8cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(10,8ccw)yx cw ccwx1.58.081.534.1x6.589.58
10.9shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage63
C=30102=10CD=30+102=20R=202+102=22.361=10+22.36=32.362=1022.36
=12.36p=12tan11020=13.28ccw1=R=22.36,s=4513.28=31.72cw(c)C=10+
182=4CD=10+182=14R=142+92=16.641=4+16.64=20.642=416.64=12.64p=
1290+tan1149=73.63cw1=R=16.64,s=73.6345=28.63cw4x16.64428.6312.64
20.6473.63x2 s(10,9cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(18,9ccw)yx cw ccw101022.36
31.72x12.3632.36x13.282 s(10,10cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(30,10ccw)yx cw

ccwshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage64
65. 65.Chapter465(d)C=12+222=5CD=12+222=17R=172+122=20.811=5+20.81=
25.812=520.81=15.81p=1290+tan11712=72.39cw1=R=20.81,s=72.3945=
27.39cw411(a)(b)C=0+102=5CD=1002=5R=52+42=6.401=5+6.40=11.402=
0,3=56.40=1.401/3=R=6.40,1/2=11.402=5.70,2/3=1.402=0.70 1 2 3Dxy
CR(0,4cw)(10,4ccw) 2/3 1/2 1/3 x 1 3 y 20410yx 2/32 1/25
1/37142520.81527.39x15.8125.8172.39x2 s(12,12cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p
(22,12ccw)yx cw ccwshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:35AMPage65
66. 66.66SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(c)
C=282=5CD=822=3R=32+42=51=5+5=0,2=03=55=101/3=102
=5,1/2=0,2/3=5(d)C=10302=10CD=10+302=20R=202+102=22.361=10+
22.36=12.362=03=1022.36=32.361/3=22.36,1/2=12.362=6.18,2/3=32.362=
16.18412(a)C=80302=55CD=80302=25R=252+202=32.021=02=55+32.02
=22.98=23.03=5532.0=87.01/2=232=11.5,2/3=32.0,1/3=872=43.5 1(80,
20cw)(30,20ccw)CDR 2/3 1/2 1/3 2 3xy 1(30,10cw)(10,10ccw)CDR 2/3
1/2
1/3 2 3 yx 1 2 3(2,4cw)Pointisacircle2circlesCDyx(8,4ccw)
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage66
67. 67.Chapter467(b)C=30602=15CD=60+302=45R=452+302=54.11=15+54.1=
39.12=03=1554.1=69.11/3=39.1+69.12=54.1,1/2=39.12=19.6,2/3=69.12=
34.6(c)C=40+02=20CD=4002=20R=202+202=28.31=20+28.3=48.32=2028.3
=8.33=z=301/3=48.3+302=39.1,1/2=28.3,2/3=308.32=10.9(d)C=502=25CD
=502=25R=252+302=39.11=25+39.1=64.12=2539.1=14.13=z=201/3=64.1
+202=42.1,1/2=39.1,2/3=2014.12=2.95 1(50,30cw)(0,30ccw)CD 2/3 1/2 1/3
2 3xy 1(0,20cw)(40,20ccw)CDR 2/3 1/2 1/3 2 3yx 1 (60,30ccw)
(30,30cw)CDR 2/3 1/2 1/3 2 3xyshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage67
13=FA=2000(/4)(0.52)=10190psi=10.19kpsiAns.=FLAE=LE=101907230(106)=
0.02446inAns.1=L=0.0244672=340(106)=340Ans.FromTableA5,=0.2922=1=
0.292(340)=99.3Ans.d=2d=99.3(106)(0.5)=49.6(106)inAns.414FromTableA5,E=
71.7GPa=LE=135(106)371.7(109)=5.65(103)m=5.65mmAns.415FromTable42,
biaxialcase.FromTableA5,E=207GPaand=0.292x=E(x+y)12=207(109)[0.0021+
0.292(0.00067)]10.2922(106)=431MPaAns.y=207(109)[0.00067+0.292(0.0021)]1
0.2922(106)=12.9MPaAns.416Theengineerhasassumedthestresstobeuniform.Thatis,Ft=F
cos+A=0=FAcosWhenfailureoccursinshearSsu=FAcosTheuniformstress
assumptioniscommonpracticebutisnotexact.Ifinterestedinthedetails,seep.570of6thedition.417
FromEq.(415)3(2+64)2+[2(6)+(2)(4)+6(4)3222(5)2][2(6)(4)+2(3)
(2)(5)(2)(2)26(5)2(4)(3)2]=0366+118=0Rootsare:7.012,1.89,8.903kpsiAns.
t Fshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage68
69. 69.Chapter4691/2=7.0121.892=2.56kpsi2/3=8.903+1.892=5.40kpsimax=1/3=8.903
+7.0122=7.96kpsiAns.Note:ForProbs.417to419,onecanalsondtheeigenvaluesofthematrix
[]=xxyzxxyyyzzxyzzfortheprincipalstresses418FromEq.(415)3(10+0+
10)2+10(0)+10(10)+0(10)20210220210(0)(10)+2(20)102(0)101022
0(0)210(20)2=03202500+6000=0Rootsare:30,10,20MPaAns.1/2=30102=10
MPa2/3=10+202=15MPamax=1/3=30+202=25MPaAns.419FromEq.(415)3(1+4
+4)2+[1(4)+1(4)+4(4)22(4)2(2)2][1(4)(4)+2(2)(4)(2)1(4)24(2)24(2)2]
=0392=0301020 2/3 1/2 1/3 (MPa) (MPa)7.0121.898.903 2/3 1/2 1/3
(kpsi) (kpsi)shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage69
Rootsare:9,0,0kpsi2/3=0,1/2=1/3=max=92=4.5kpsiAns.420(a)R1=clFMmax=R1a
=aclF=6Mbh2=6bh2aclFF=bh2l6acAns.(b)FmF=(m/)(bm/b)(hm/h)2(lm/l)(am/a)
(cm/c)=1(s)(s)2(s)(s)(s)=s2Ans.Forequalstress,themodelloadvariesbythesquareofthescale
factor.421R1=wl2,Mmax|x=l/2=w2l2ll2=wl28=6Mbh2=6bh2wl28=3Wl4bh2W
=43bh2lAns.WmW=(m/)(bm/b)(hm/h)2lm/l=1(s)(s)2s=s2Ans.wmlmwl=s2wmw=s2
s=sAns.Forequalstress,themodelloadwvarieslinearilywiththescalefactor.422(a)Cansolveby
iterationorderiveequationsforthegeneralcase.FindmaximummomentunderwheelW3WT=Wat
centroidofWsRA=lx3d3lWTRAW1ABW3......W2WTd3WnRBa23a13x3l 2/3
(kpsi) (kpsi) 1/2 1/3O09shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage70
71. 71.Chapter471Underwheel3M3=RAx3W1a13W2a23=(lx3d3)lWTx3W1a13
W2a23Formaximum,dM3dx3=0=(ld32x3)WTlx3=ld32substituteintoM,M3=(l
d3)24lWTW1a13W2a23Thismeansthemidpointofd3intersectsthemidpointofthebeamFor
wheelixi=ldi2,Mi=(ldi)24lWTi1j=1WjajiNoteforwheel1:Wjaji=0WT=104.4,W1=
W2=W3=W4=104.44=26.1kipWheel1:d1=4762=238in,M1=(1200238)24(1200)(104.4)
=20128kipinWheel2:d2=23884=154inM2=(1200154)24(1200)(104.4)26.1(84)=21
605kipin=MmaxCheckifallofthewheelsareontherail(b)xmax=60077=523in(c)Seeabove
sketch.(d)inneraxles423(a)Aa=Ab=0.25(1.5)=0.375in2A=3(0.375)=1.125in2121"14"38
"14"14"DC11GaGbc10.833"0.167"0.083"0.5"0.75"1.5"yc20.667"BaabA600"600"
84"77"84"315"xmaxshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage71
72. 72.72SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesigny
=2(0.375)(0.75)+0.375(0.5)1.125=0.667inIa=0.25(1.5)312=0.0703in4Ib=1.5(0.25)312=0.001
95in4I1=2[0.0703+0.375(0.083)2]+[0.00195+0.375(0.167)2]=0.158in4Ans.A=10
000(0.667)0.158=42(10)3psiAns.B=10000(0.6670.375)0.158=18.5(10)3psiAns.C=10
000(0.1670.125)0.158=2.7(10)3psiAns.D=10000(0.833)0.158=52.7(10)3psiAns.(b)Here
wetreattheholeasanegativearea.Aa=1.732in2Ab=1.1340.9822=0.557in2A=1.7320.557=
1.175in2y=1.732(0.577)0.557(0.577)1.175=0.577inAns.Ia=bh336=2(1.732)336=0.289in4
Ib=1.134(0.982)336=0.0298in4I1=IaIb=0.2890.0298=0.259in4Ans.DCBAy11abAGa
Gb0.327"0.25"c11.155"c20.577"2"1.732"0.577"0.982"0.577"1.134"shi20396_ch04.qxd
8/18/0310:36AMPage72
73. 73.Chapter473becausethecentroidsarecoincident.A=10000(0.577)0.259=22.3(10)3psiAns.B
=10000(0.327)0.259=12.6(10)3psiAns.C=10000(0.9820.327)0.259=25.3(10)3psiAns.D
=10000(1.155)0.259=44.6(10)3psiAns.(c)Usetwonegativeareas.Aa=1in2,Ab=9in2,Ac=
16in2,A=1691=6in2ya=0.25in,yb=2.0in,yc=2iny=16(2)9(2)1(0.25)6=
2.292inAns.c1=42.292=1.708inIa=2(0.5)312=0.02083in4Ib=3(3)312=6.75in4Ic=4(4)3
12=21.333in4I1=[21.333+16(0.292)2][6.75+9(0.292)2][0.02083+1(2.2920.25)2]=10.99
in4Ans.A=10000(2.292)10.99=2086psiAns.B=10000(2.2920.5)10.99=1631psiAns.C=
10000(1.7080.5)10.99=1099psiAns.D=10000(1.708)10.99=1554psiAns.DCcaBb
AGaGbGcc11.708"c22.292"2"1.5"0.25"11shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage73
74. 74.74SolutionsManualInstructorsSolutionManualtoAccompanyMechanicalEngineeringDesign(d)
Useaasanegativearea.Aa=6.928in2,Ab=16in2,A=9.072in2ya=1.155in,yb=2iny=
2(16)1.155(6.928)9.072=2.645inAns.c1=42.645=1.355inIa=bh336=4(3.464)336=4.618
in4Ib=4(4)312=21.33in4I1=[21.33+16(0.645)2][4.618+6.928(1.490)2]=7.99in4Ans.A=
10000(2.645)7.99=3310psiAns.B=10000(3.4642.645)7.99=1025psiAns.C=10
000(1.355)7.99=1696psiAns.(e)Aa=6(1.25)=7.5in2Ab=3(1.5)=4.5in2A=Ac+Ab=12in2
y=3.625(7.5)+1.5(4.5)12=2.828inAns.I=112(6)(1.25)3+7.5(3.6252.828)2+112(1.5)(3)3+
4.5(2.8281.5)2=17.05in4Ans.A=10000(2.828)17.05=1659psiAns.B=10000(32.828)
17.05=101psiAns.C=10000(1.422)17.05=834psiAns.abABCc11.422"c22.828"
3.464"11GaBbaCAc11.355"c22.645"1.490"1.155"shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AM
Page74
75. 75.Chapter475(f)Leta=totalareaA=1.5(3)1(1.25)=3.25in2I=Ia2Ib=112(1.5)(3)3112
(1.25)(1)3=3.271in4Ans.A=10000(1.5)3.271=4586psi,D=4586psiAns.B=10000(0.5)
3.271=1529psi,C=1529psi424(a)ThemomentismaximumandconstantbetweenAandBM=
50(20)=1000lbfin,I=112(0.5)(2)3=0.3333in4=EIM=1.6(106)(0.3333)1000=533.3in(x,
y)=(30,533.3)inAns.(b)ThemomentismaximumandconstantbetweenAandBM=50(5)=250lbf
in,I=0.3333in4=1.6(106)(0.3333)250=2133inAns.(x,y)=(20,2133)inAns.425(a)I=112
(0.75)(1.5)3=0.2109in4A=0.75(1.5)=1.125inMmaxisatA.Atthebottomofthesection,max=Mc
I=4000(0.75)0.2109=14225psiAns.DuetoV,maxconstantisbetweenAandBaty=0max=32
VA=326671.125=889psiAns.1000lbf4000333lbf667lbfOBxAO333667O12"6"V(lbf)M
(lbfin)xCBAbabDc1.5c1.51.5shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage75
I=112(1)(2)3=0.6667in4MmaxisatAatthetopofthebeammax=8000(1)0.6667=12000psi
Ans.|Vmax|=1000lbffromOtoBaty=0max=32VA=321000(2)(1)=750psiAns.(c)I=112
(0.75)(2)3=0.5in4M1=12600(5)=1500lbfin=M3M2=1500+12(900)(7.5)=1875lbfin
Mmaxisatspancenter.Atthebottomofthebeam,max=1875(1)0.5=3750psiAns.AtAandBaty=
0max=32900(0.75)(2)=900psiAns.(d)I=112(1)(2)3=0.6667in4M1=6002(6)=1800lbf
inM2=1800+12750(7.5)=1013lbfinAtA,topofbeammax=1800(1)0.6667=2700psiAns.
AtA,y=0max=32750(2)(1)=563psiAns.100lbf/in1350lbf450lbfOBAOOV(lbf)M(lbfin)
6"12"7.5"750M1M2450600xxx120lbf/in1500lbf1500lbfOCBAOOV(lbf)M(lbfin)5"
15"5"900M1M2xM3900600600xx1000lbf1000lbf1000100080002000lbfOBAOO8"
8"V(lbf)M(lbfin)xxxshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage76
77. 77.Chapter477426Mmax=wl28max=wl2c8Iw=8Icl2(a)l=12(12)=144in,I=(1/12)
(1.5)(9.5)3=107.2in4w=8(1200)(107.2)4.75(1442)=10.4lbf/inAns.(b)l=48in,I=(/64)(24
1.254)=0.6656in4w=8(12)(103)(0.6656)1(48)2=27.7lbf/inAns.(c)l=48in,I.=(1/12)(2)(33)
(1/12)(1.625)(2.6253)=2.051in4w=8(12)(103)(2.051)1.5(48)2=57.0lbf/inAns.(d)l=72inTable
A6,I=2(1.24)=2.48in4cmax=2.158"w=8(12)(103)(2.48)2.158(72)2=21.3lbf/inAns.(e)l=72
inTableA7,I=3.85in4w=8(12)(103)(3.85)2(722)=35.6lbf/inAns.(f)l=72in,I=(1/12)(1)(43)
=5.333in4w=8(12)(103)(5.333)(2)(72)2=49.4lbf/inAns.427(a)Model(c)I=64(0.54)=
3.068(103)in4A=4(0.52)=0.1963in2=McI=218.75(0.25)3.068(103)=17825psi=17.8
kpsiAns.max=43VA=435000.1963=3400psiAns.1.25in500lbf500lbf500lbf500lbf0.4375
500500OV(lbf)OM(lbfin)Mmax500(0.4375)218.75lbfin20.842"2.158"
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage77
Model(d)Mmax=500(0.25)+12(500)(0.375)=218.75lbfinVmax=500lbfSameMandV=
17.8kpsiAns.max=3400psiAns.428IfsupportRBisbetweenF1andF2atpositionx=l,maximum
momentsoccuratx=3andl.MB=RAl2000(l3)+1100(7.75l)=0RA=310014525/lMx=3
=3RA=930043575/lMB=RAl2000(l3)=1100l8525Tominimizethemoments,equate
Mx=3toMBgiving930043575/l=1100l+8525Multiplybylandsimplifytol2+0.7046l39.61
=0Thepositivesolutionforlis5.95inandthemagnitudeofthemomentisM=930043575/5.95=
1976lbfinPlacingthebearingtotherightofF2,thebendingmomentwouldbeminimizedbyplacingit
ascloseaspossibletoF2.IfthebearingisnearpointBasintheoriginalgure,thenweneedtoequatethe
reactionforces.Fromstatics,RB=14525/l,andRA=3100RB.ForRA=RB,thenRA=RB=1550
lbf,andl=14575/1550=9.37in.429q=Fx1+p1xl0p1+p2axl1+termsforx>l+aV
=F+p1xl1p1+p22axl2+termsforx>l+aM=Fx+p12xl2p1+p26axl3+
termsforx>l+alp2p1abF1.25"500lbf500lbf0.25"1333lbf/in500500OV(lbf)OMMmax
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage78
79. 79.Chapter479Atx=(l+a)+,V=M=0,termsforx>l+a=0F+p1ap1+p22aa2=0p1
p2=2Fa(1)F(l+a)+p1a22p1+p26aa3=02p1p2=6F(l+a)a2(2)From(1)and(2)p1=
2Fa2(3l+2a),p2=2Fa2(3l+a)(3)Fromsimilartrianglesbp2=ap1+p2b=ap2p1+p2(4)
MmaxoccurswhereV=0xmax=l+a2bMmax=F(l+a2b)+p12(a2b)2p1+p26a(a
2b)3=FlF(a2b)+p12(a2b)2p1+p26a(a2b)3NormallyMmax=FlThefractional
increaseinthemagnitudeis=F(a2b)(p1/2)(a2b)2[(p1+p2)/6a](a2b)3Fl(5)Forexample,
considerF=1500lbf,a=1.2in,l=1.5in(3)p1=2(1500)1.22[3(1.5)+2(1.2)]=14375lbf/inp2=
2(1500)1.22[3(1.5)+1.2]=11875lbf/in(4)b=1.2(11875)/(14375+11875)=0.5429inSubstituting
into(5)yields=0.03689or3.7%higherthanFl430Computerprogramnosolutiongivenhere.a2bl
Fp2p2p1p2bbshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage79
31R1=clFM=clFx0xa=6Mbh2=6(c/l)Fxbh2h=6cFxblmax0xaAns.432R1
=blFM=blFxmax=32Md3=32d3blFxd=32bFxlmax1/30xaAns.433Square:
Am=(bt)2Tsq=2Amtall=2(bt)2tallRound:Am=(bt)2/4Trd=2(bt)2tall/4Ratioof
torquesTsqTrd=2(bt)2tall(bt)2tall/2=4=1.27Twistperunitlengthsquare:sq=2G1t
tallLAm=CLAm=C4(bt)(bt)2Round:rd=CLAm=C(bt)(bt)2/4=C4(bt)(b
t)2Ratioequals1,twistsarethesame.tbtbR1FablR2xyR1R2Faclshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/03
10:36AMPage80
81. 81.Chapter481NotetheweightratioisWsqWrd=l(bt)2l(bt)(t)=bttthinwalledassumes
b20t=19=6.04withb=20=2.86withb=10t434l=40in,all=11500psi,G=11.5(106)psi,t
=0.050inrm=ri+t/2=ri+0.025forri>0=0forri=0Am=(10.05)24r2m4r2m=0.952
(4)r2mLm=4(10.052rm+2rm/4)=4[0.95(2/2)rm]Eq.(445):T=2Amt=2(0.05)
(11500)Am=1150AmEq.(446):(deg)=1l180=TLml4GA2mt180=TLm(40)4(11.5)
(106)A2m(0.05)180=9.9645(104)TLmA2mEquationscanthenbeputintoaspreadsheetresulting
in:rirmAmLmriT(lbfin)ri(deg)000.90253.801037.904.8250.100.1250.8890873.585398
0.101022.50.104.6210.200.2250.8590433.4137170.20987.90.204.5530.300.3250.811831
3.2420350.30933.60.304.5760.400.4250.7474503.0703540.40859.60.404.7070.450.4750.708822
2.9845130.45815.10.454.825ri(in)T(lbfin)04002006008001000120000.30.20.10.40.5
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage81
Torquecarryingcapacityreduceswithri.However,thisisbasedonanassumptionofuniformstresses
whichisnotthecaseforsmallri.Alsonotethatweightalsogoesdownwithanincreaseinri.435From
Eq.(447)where1isthesameforeachleg.T1=13G1L1c31,T2=13G1L2c32T=T1+T2=13
G1L1c31+L2c32=13G1Lic3iAns.1=G1c1,2=G1c2max=G1cmaxAns.436(a)
max=G1cmaxG1=maxcmax=115003/32=1.227(105)psiradT1/16=13G1(Lc3)1/16=1
3(1.227)(105)(0.5)(1/16)3=4.99lbfinAns.T3/32=13(1.227)(105)(0.5)(3/32)3=16.85lbfinAns.
1/16=1.227(105)1/16=7669psi,3/32=1.227(105)3/32=11500psiAns.(b)1=1.227(105)
11.5(106)=1.0667(102)rad/in=0.611/inAns.437Separatestrips:Foreach1/16inthickstrip,T=
Lc23=(1)(1/16)2(11500)3=14.97lbfinTmax=2(14.97)=29.95lbfinAns.ri(in) (deg)
4.504.554.654.604.704.754.804.8500.30.20.10.40.5shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage82
83. 83.Chapter483Foreachstrip,=3TlLc3G=3(14.97)(12)(1)(1/16)3(11.5)(106)=0.192radAns.kt=
T/=29.95/0.192=156.0lbfinAns.Solidstrip:FromExample412,Tmax=59.90lbfinAns.=
0.0960radAns.kt=624lbfinAns.438all=8000psi,50hp(a)n=2000rpmEq.(440)T=63025H
n=63025(50)2000=1575.6lbfinmax=16Td3d=16Tmax1/3=16(1575.6)(8000)1/3=
1.00inAns.(b)n=200rpmT=15756lbfind=16(15756)(8000)1/3=2.157inAns.439all=
110MPa,=30,d=15mm,l=?=16Td3T=16d3=TlJG180l=180JGT=180
32d4G(/16)d3=360dG=360(0.015)(79.3)(109)(30)110(106)=2.83mAns.440d=70
mm,replacedby70mmhollowwitht=6mm(a)Tsolid=16(703)Thollow=32(704584)35
%T=(/16)(703)(/32)[(704584)/35](/16)(703)(100)=47.1%Ans.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/03
10:36AMPage83
Wsolid=kd2=k(702),Whollow=k(702582)%W=k(702)k(702582)k(702)(100)=68.7%
Ans.441T=5400Nm,all=150MPa(a)=TcJ150(106)=5400(d/2)(/32)[d4(0.75d)4]=
4.023(104)d3d=4.023(104)150(106)1/3=6.45(102)m=64.5mmFromTableA17,thenext
preferredsizeisd=80mmID=60mmAns.(b)J=32(0.0840.064)=2.749(106)mm4i=
5400(0.030)2.749(106)=58.9(106)Pa=58.9MPaAns.442(a)T=63025Hn=63025(1)5=12605
lbfin=16Td3CdC=16T1/3=16(12605)(14000)1/3=1.66inAns.FromTableA17,
select13/4instart=16(2)(12605)(1.753)=23.96(103)psi=23.96kpsi(b)designactivity443=
2n/60=2(8)/60=0.8378rad/sT=H=10000.8378=1194NmdC=16T1/3=16(1194)(75)
(106)1/3=4.328(102)m=43.3mmFromTableA17,select45mmAns.444s=A,d=4A/
Square:Eq.(443)withb=cmax=4.8Tc3(max)sq=4.8T(A)3/2shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36
AMPage84
85. 85.Chapter485Round:(max)rd=16Td3=16T(4A/)3/2=3.545T(A)3/2(max)sq(max)rd=
4.83.545=1.354Squarestressis1.354timestheroundstressAns.445s=A,d=4A/Square:Eq.(4
44)withb=c,=0.141sq=Tl0.141c4G=Tl0.141(A)4/2GRound:rd=TlJG=Tl(/32)(4A/)4/2
G=6.2832Tl(A)4/2Gsqrd=1/0.1416.2832=1.129Squarehasgreaterbyafactorof1.13Ans.446
TextEq.(443)givesmax=Tbc2=Tbc21Fromintexttable,p.139,isafunctionofb/c.
Arrangeequationintheformb2cmaxT=1=y=a0+a11b/c=a0+a1xToplot1/vs1/(b/c),rst
formatable.xyb/c1/(b/c)1/10.20814.8076921.50.2310.6666674.3290041.750.2390.571429
4.18410020.2460.54.0650412.50.2580.43.87596930.2670.3333333.74531840.2820.253.546099
60.2990.1666673.34448280.3070.1253.257329100.3130.13.1948880.33303.003003
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage85
Plotisagentleconvexupwardcurve.Roarkusesapolynomial,whichinournotationismax=3T8(b/2)
(c/2)21+0.60951b/c+max.=Tbc23+1.82851b/cLinearregressionontabledatay=3.06+
1.87x1=3.06+1.871b/cmax=Tbc23.06+1.871b/cEq.(443)max=Tbc23+1.8b/c447Ft
=10002.5=400lbfFn=400tan20=145.6lbfTorqueatCTC=400(5)=2000lbfinP=20003=
666.7lbf10"C1000lbfin2.5RFtFn GearFyzARAyRAz3"ShaftABCDB666.7lbfDx5"400
lbf145.6lbfCRDyRDz2000lbfin2000lbfin1
(b
c)1
33.544.5500.60.40.20.81y1.867x
3.061shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage86
87. 87.Chapter487(MA)z=018RDy145.6(13)666.7(3)=0RDy=216.3lbf(MA)y=0
18RDz+400(13)=0RDz=288.9lbfFy=0RAy+216.3666.7145.6=0RAy=596.0lbf
Fz=0RAz+288.9400=0RAz=111.1lbfMB=35962+111.12=1819lbfinMC=5216.32
+288.92=1805lbfinMaximumstressesoccuratB.Ans.B=32MBd3=32(1819)(1.253)=
9486psiB=16TBd3=16(2000)(1.253)=5215psimax=B2+B22+2B=94862+94862
2+52152=11792psiAns.max=B22+2B=7049psiAns.448(a)At=90,r=r=0,=
Ans.=0,r=r=0,=3Ans.(b)r/53.00062.07171.64681.42491.297101.21911
1.167121.132131.107141.088151.074161.063171.054181.048191.042201.037r(mm)
0
10.51.522.5301051520shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage87
49D/d=1.51=1.5r/d=1/81=0.125Fig.A158:Kts.=1.39Fig.A159:Kt.=1.60A=KtMcI=
32KtMd3=32(1.6)(200)(14)(13)=45630psiA=KtsTcJ=16KtsTd3=16(1.39)(200)(15)(13)
=21240psimax=A2+A22+2A=45.632+45.6322+21.242=54.0kpsiAns.max=45.63
22+21.242=31.2kpsiAns.450AsshowninFig.434,themaximumstressesoccurattheinsideber
wherer=ri.Therefore,fromEq.(451)t,max=r2ipir2or2i1+r2or2i=pir2o+r2ir2or2i
Ans.r,max=r2ipir2or2i1r2or2i=piAns.451Ifpi=0,Eq.(450)becomest=por2o
r2ir2opo/r2r2or2i=por2or2or2i1+r2ir2Themaximumtangentialstressoccursatr=ri.
Sot,max=2por2or2or2iAns.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage88
89. 89.Chapter489Forr,wehaver=por2o+r2ir2opo/r2r2or2i=por2or2or2ir2ir21
Sor=0atr=ri.Thusatr=ror,max=por2or2or2ir2ir2or2o=poAns.452F=pA=r2
avp1=2=FAwall=r2avp2ravt=prav2tAns.453t>l>rmax=(tr)/2atr=ri
wherelisintermediateinvalue.FromProb.450max=12(t,maxr,max)max=pi2r2o+r2i
r2or2i+1Nowsolveforpiusingro=3in,ri=2.75in,andmax=4000psi.Thisgivespi=639psi
Ans.454Givenro=120mm,ri=110mmandreferringtothesolutionofProb.453,max=2.4MPa2
(120)2+(110)2(120)2(110)2+1=15.0MPaAns.ravptFshi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AM
Page89
55FromTableA20,Sy=57kpsialso,ro=0.875inandri=0.625inFromProb.451t,max=2por2
or2or2iRearrangingpo=r2or2i(0.8Sy)2r2oSolving,givespo=11200psiAns.456From
TableA20,Sy=57kpsialsoro=1.1875in,ri=0.875in.FromProb.450t,max=pir2o+r2ir2o
r2ithereforepi=0.8Syr2or2ir2o+r2isolvinggivespi=13510psiAns.457Sincetandrare
bothpositiveandt>rmax=(t)max/2wheretismaxatriEq.(456)forr=ri=0.375in(t)max=
0.2823862(7200)6023+0.29280.3752+52+(0.3752)(52)0.37521+3(0.292)3+0.292
(0.3752)=8556psimax=85562=4278psiAns.Radialstress:r=kr2i+r2or2ir2or2r2
Maxima:drdr=k2r2ir2or32r=0r=riro=0.375(5)=1.3693in(r)max=0.282386
2(7200)6023+0.29280.3752+520.3752(52)1.369321.36932=3656psiAns.
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage90
91. 91.Chapter491458=2(2069)/60=216.7rad/s,=3320kg/m3,=0.24,ri=0.0125m,ro=0.15
museEq.(456)t=3320(216.7)23+0.248(0.0125)2+(0.15)2+(0.15)21+3(0.24)3+0.24
(0.0125)2(10)6=2.85MPaAns.459=(6/16)386(1/16)(/4)(6212)=5.655(104)lbfs2/in4
maxisatboreandequalst2Eq.(456)(t)max=5.655(104)2(10000)6023+0.2080.52+32+
321+3(0.20)3+0.20(0.5)2=4496psimax=44962=2248psiAns.460=2(3000)/60=314.2
rad/sm=0.282(1.25)(12)(0.125)386=1.370(103)lbfs2/inF=m2r=1.370(103)(314.22)(6)=
811.5lbfAnom=(1.250.5)(1/8)=0.09375in2nom=811.50.09375=8656psiAns.Note:Stress
concentrationFig.A151givesKt.=2.25whichincreasesmaxandfatigue.6"F F
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage91
61to466=0.292,E=30Mpsi(207GPa),ri=0R=0.75in(20mm),ro=1.5in(40mm)Eq.(460)
ppsi=30(106)0.75in(1.520.752)(0.7520)2(0.752)(1.520)=1.5(107)(1)pPa=207(109)
0.020(0.0420.022)(0.0220)2(0.022)(0.0420)=3.881(1012)(2)461max=12[40.042
40.000]=0.021mmAns.min=12[40.02640.025]=0.0005mmAns.From(2)pmax=81.5MPa,
pmin=1.94MPaAns.462max=12(1.50161.5000)=0.0008inAns.min=12(1.50101.5010)
=0Ans.Eq.(1)pmax=12000psi,pmin=0Ans.463max=12(40.05940.000)=0.0295mmAns.
min=12(40.04340.025)=0.009mmAns.Eq.(2)pmax=114.5MPa,pmin=34.9MPaAns.464
max=12(1.50231.5000)=0.00115inAns.min=12(1.50171.5010)=0.00035inAns.Eq.(1)
pmax=17250psipmin=5250psiAns.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/27/034:32PMPage92
93. 93.Chapter493465max=12(40.07640.000)=0.038mmAns.min=12(40.06040.025)=
0.0175mmAns.Eq.(2)pmax=147.5MPapmin=67.9MPaAns.466max=12(1.50301.500)=
0.0015inAns.min=12(1.50241.5010)=0.0007inAns.Eq.(1)pmax=22500psipmin=10500
psiAns.467=12(1.0021.000)=0.001inri=0,R=0.5in,ro=1in=0.292,E=30MpsiEq.(4
60)p=30(106)(0.001)0.5(120.52)(0.520)2(0.52)(120)=2.25(104)psiAns.Eq.(451)forouter
memberatri=0.5in(t)o=0.52(2.25)(104)120.521+120.52=37500psiAns.Innermember,
fromProb.451(t)i=por2or2or2i1+r2ir2o=2.25(104)(0.52)0.5201+00.52=22
500psiAns.Eqs.(d)and(e)aboveEq.(459)o=2.25(104)30(106)0.512+0.52120.52+0.292=
0.000735inAns.i=2.25(104)(0.5)30(106)0.52+00.5200.292=0.000265inAns.
shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AMPage93
68i=0.292,Ei=30(106)psi,o=0.211,Eo=14.5(106)psi=12(1.0021.000)=0.001in,ri=0,
R=0.5,ro=1Eq.(459)0.001=0.514.5(106)12+0.52120.52+0.211+0.530(106)0.52+00.52
00.292pp=13064psiAns.Eq.(451)foroutermemberatri=0.5in(t)o=0.52(13064)120.52
1+120.52=21770psiAns.Innermember,fromProb.451(t)i=13064(0.52)0.5201+00.52=
13064psiAns.Eqs.(d)and(e)aboveEq.(459)o=13064(0.5)14.5(106)12+0.52120.52+0.211
=0.000846inAns.i=13064(0.5)30(106)0.52+00.5200.292=0.000154inAns.469max
=12(1.0031.000)=0.0015inri=0,R=0.5in,ro=1inmin=12(1.0021.001)=0.0005inEq.
(460)pmax=30(106)(0.0015)0.5(120.52)(0.520)2(0.52)(120)=33750psiAns.Eq.(451)for
outermemberatr=0.5in(t)o=0.52(33750)120.521+120.52=56250psiAns.Forinner
member,fromProb.451,withr=0.5in(t)i=33750psiAns.shi20396_ch04.qxd8/18/0310:36AM
Page94
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Chapter225z=ln 49.638.1971+0.17021+0.076812 ln(1+0.076812)(1+0.1702)=1.470

31.72x12.3632.36x13.282 s(10,10cw)CRD 2 1 1 22 p(30,10ccw)yx cw

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