Scribd
Upload
55 views4 pages

Microscopic Structure of Bone Cortical Bone, Synonymous With Compact Bone, Is One of The Two

Uploaded by

porxch
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
55 views4 pages

Microscopic Structure of Bone Cortical Bone, Synonymous With Compact Bone, Is One of The Two

Uploaded by

porxch
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Microscopic Structure of Bone

Cortical bone, synonymous with compact bone, is one of the two


types of osseous tissue that form bones. Cortical bone facilitates
bone's main functions: to support the body, protect organs, provide
levers for movement, and store and release chemical elements,
mainly calcium. As its name implies, cortical bone forms the cortex, or
outer shell, of most bones. Again, as its name implies, compact bone
is much denser than cancellous bone, which is the other type of
osseous tissue. Furthermore, it is harder, stronger and stiffer than
cancellous bone. Cortical bone contributes about 80% of the weight
of a human skeleton. The primary anatomical and functional unit of
cortical bone is the osteon.

Under the microscope dense, compact bone shows a definite and a


characteristic pattern of arrangement. The ground substance of
bone is arranged in concentrated layers (lamellae) round the small
canals which run parallel to the long axis (shaft) of the bone. These
canals, called Haversian canals, are interconnected with one
another via Volkmann's canals and contain a blood vessel, a nerve
and a lymph vessel. Each Haversian canal is surrounded by
concentric layers of bone matrix (called lamallae) and concentric
rings of bone forming cells (osteoblasts). Bone cells remain alive
and once they have completely surrounded by the hard bone matrix,
they are called osteocytes. The osteocytes are embedded in fluid-
filled cavities within the concentric lamellae. These cavities are known
as lacunae and occur at regular intervals in these concentric layers
of bone tissue. The lacunae are connected to one another and to the
Haversian canals by a system of interconnecting canals known
as canaliculi. Each Haversian canal, its concentric lamellae, lacunae
with osteocytes and canaliculi forms a long cylinder and is called
a Haversian system. Separate Haversian systems are joined to
each other by means of interstitial lamellae.

EXPLANATION
Bone contains water (about 20%) as compared other tissues which
may contain as much as 90%.

Compact Bone is compared of a calcified bone matrix arranged in


concentric rings.

• Lacunae – rings contain cavities.


• Osteocytes – filled with bone cells.
• Canaliculi – interconnected by many minute passages.

Osteon – an elongated cylinder

– where the entire organization of lacunae and canaliculi is


arranged.

– also called Haversian System.

Bone growth – is a complex restructuring process, involving both its


destruction internally by bone-resorbing cells
(osteoclasts) and its deposition externally by
bone-building cells (osteoblasts).

– both processes occur simultaneously so that the marrow


cavity inside grows larger by bone resorption while new
bone is laid down outside by bone deposition.

Bone growth responds to several hormones particularly;

• Parathyroid Hormone – which stimulates bone resorption.


• Calcitonin – which inhibits bone resorption.

These 2 hormones, together with a derivative of Vitamin D., are


responsible for maintaining a constant level of calcium in the blood.
CONCLUSION
I therefore conclude that the bone is consists of bundles of osteons
cemented together and interconnected with blood vessels and
nerves. Because of blood vessels and nerves throughout bone, it is,
in a sense, living tissue, although nonliving “ground substance”
predominates. As a result of its living, bone breaks can heal, and
bone diseases can be as painful as any other tissue disease.

QUESTIONS

1. Give the 2 hormones which are responsible for maintaining a


constant level of calcium in the blood.

2. What is other name of Osteon?


REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES AGRI BUSINESS AND MARINE
AND AQUATIC SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY
Malita, Davao del Sur

In partial fulfillment of bio. 2


(ZooloGy)

“MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF
BONE”

Submitted to:
Ms. Maria Felez Braulio

Submitted by:
Portia Marie L. Baloro
BSED – 1a

(March 22, 2010)

You might also like