Essay Victorian Age

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Victoria & Science

Queen Victorian 's reign was a period of intensive industrialization, which had
built a firm foundation for the next century growth and expansion. This period, referred to
as the Victorian era, was a time of rapid scientific progress both in Britain and
elsewhere. For the first time, science was seen as a profession in its own right; the very
term "scientist" was a Victorian invention, originally proposed by William Whewell in
1840. Major discoveries were made during Victorian times in all branches of science,
including physics, astronomy, natural history and medicine.With this advance and
industrial technologies Britain was able to attack a huge and rapidly expanding
international market.
The scientists of this century started to promote a free science of church
intervention and supported by empirical knowledge,
through observation and
experimentation. Through these resources a true scientific revolution occurs. Scientists
and thinkers argued that the truth could be achieved through experimentation and the
use of reason. This new scientific paradigm did not deny the existence of God, but
explaining the world through natural laws and verifiable.
The vision of the universe was strengthened from the discoveries of Isaac
Newton. This new figure of the universe not only influenced mathematics or physical
sciences, but extended to the image of nature and society. Indeed, the society also
began to be thought as a collection of individuals; including the attraction and repulsion
operate. Newton's ideas revolutionized the very idea of God. So everything around men
work under laws, and science was defined as the study and understanding.
The Geographic expansion, which included conquest and colonization had a
profound impact on knowledge. Not only because it involved a series of advances in the
media that facilitated it, but that achievement into question many of the ideas accepted
until then.
One of the most far-reaching scientific discoveries of Victorian times is that
certain diseases are caused by microorganisms invading the body. A major breakthrough
was made in the 1850s by a physician named John Snow, who carefully tracked a
cholera outbreak in London to a contaminated water supply. A few years later the germ
theory of disease, as it became known, was put on a firmer footing by the French
chemist Louis Pasteur. Based on Pasteur's ideas, the British surgeon Joseph Lister
pioneered the use of antiseptics, leading to a vast improvement in hospital hygiene.
While astronomers explored the solar system and the universe, medical
scientists explored the world of germs and microbes, the human body was open for
exploration, and soon scientific methods were being applied to the human spirit as well.
What science offered by the late nineteenth century was the exploration of the natural

world in all its aspects, the collection and interpretation of newly discovered facts; and
exploration and discovery were central to the Victorian concept of knowledge, turning
explorers like Burton and Speke into national heroes. The Victorian era was a period of
soaring industrialism and innovative commercial enterprise, of great advances within the
natural sciences and the development of the social sciences. It was a time of both
prosperity and social inequality.

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