SAP Accounts Receivable Training Tutorial

Chapter 5
Accounts Receivable
Customer Invoice (FB70)
We can go with the following Navigation Path
Click on Simulate and we will get the following entry if it is correct we can save the same
We can view the General ledger View how it is posted in Journal Ledger .
Booking Customer Invoices (F-22)

(F
Specify the Company code for which the Customer Invoice is being booked. Enter the Invoice number in the Reference field
as shown in the screen.
Note that the values entered in the Text field will get printed on the Sales Invoice generated. Enter the Income account in
the next line item and click on Enter
Customer Collection (F-28)
Go with following navigation
Mention the Cheque
Recd Branch Name
Provide the Narration

for the Transaction
Mention the Cheque

Number in the
Assignment Field
Provide the Cheque Mention the Cheque

Date in the Value Date Bank Name
Field
In the Receipts Transaction we will be using Inflow Bank A/c Code

Printing Pay in Slips (ZPAYSLIP)
Provide the
Bank GL Code
Company Code
Document Type
Date
Execute the report we get the following output
Clearing Open Line Items in the GL account (F-03)
We can use following Navigation

Click on process open items button
Customer advance (F-29)
Mention the Special GL Indicator as 2 then only system will accept the transactions.
Simulate
Save the document
Clearing Advance (F-39)

This application can be used to transfer
Remove the value in the invoice ref field and click on

Click on simulation
Click on blue colour line item

fill the missing values in the TEXT field (Narration) and save the document
Refund of Advance to Customer (F-31)/(F-18)

In case of any payments made to the Customer foe refund of advance or any other purpose we can use T.code F-31 / F-18
or following navigation . It similar to the normal payments made to vendor.
Click on Process Open Items button
Select respective lines and save.
Clear Customer Invoice with Advances ( F-32)

The Jounal Entry passed in the system for clearing the transaction will be as follows
FOREIGN EXCHANGE REVALUATION / RESTATEMENT
Maintain The Foreign Exchange Rate (OB08)
or S_BCE_68000174 - Enter Translation Rates
Or we can use following navigation
Exchange rate type M
Maintain the rates as shown above and save
Note: When we post and clear documents, the system uses the exchange rates defined for rate type M to translate the
currencies. There must be an entry in the system for this rate type.
The exchange rates apply for all company codes it is on the client code level.
All the existing exchange rates appear in a table in the Change View Currency Exchange Rates : Overview screen.
To change an existing value, we simply overwrite it.
To delete an entry, select it and choose Delete.
To make a new entry, choose New entries. Enter the following data:
1. Exchange rate type

2. From and To which currency the rate applies.
Realised Gain Loss

Now we can do the Normal Transaction
Booking Vendor Invoice in Foreign Currency
Making Payment in Foreign Currency
Click on DISPLAY CURRENCY to view the exchange gain loss on the payment transaction.
Unrealized Gain Or Loss

T.code: FAGL_FC_VAL - Foreign Currency Valuation (New)
We can use following navigation also.
Use
All open items in foreign currency are valuated as part of the foreign currency valuation:
The individual open items of an account in foreign currency form the basis of the valuation, that is, every open item of
an account in foreign currency is valuated individually.
The total difference from all the open items in an account is posted to a financial statement adjustment account. The
account therefore retains its original balance.
The exchange rate profit or loss from the valuation is posted to a separate expense or revenue account for exchange
rate differences as an offsetting posting.
Features
Unrealized exchange rate differences
When we valuate open items in foreign currency, the exchange rate difference determined is posted as an unrealized
exchange rate difference.
Realized exchange rate differences
For an incoming payment, that is, when we are clearing the open items, the current exchange rate is determined. Since the
exchange differences that were not realized are reversed, the full exchange rate difference is posted as realized.
Reversing exchange rate difference postings

On the specified reversal date or in the reversal period, the posted exchange rate differences are automatically reversed
after the valuation run by an inverse posting.
Activities
Provide the value as shown above
Now system will crate the batch for execute the batch go with T.Code: SM35
Valuation area 10 need to use for 0L ledger.
And valuation area 20 need to use for SL ledger.
Revaluation / Restatement of General Ledger A/c

0ur foreign currency balance sheet accounts are valuated as part of the foreign currency valuation:
The balance, that is, the foreign currency balance of the G/L account managed in the foreign currency, forms the
basis of the valuation for each foreign currency and foreign currency balance sheet account.
The result of the valuation is posted to the valuated account or to a adjustment account.
The exchange rate profit or loss from the valuation is posted to a separate expense or revenue account for
exchange rate differences as an offsetting posting.
BILL OF EXCHANGE
Posting Procedure for Bills of Exchange Receivable

For bills of exchange receivable, there are three events which are posted in Financial Accounting:
Payment by Bill of Exchange

Firstly, the payment by bill of exchange is posted and used to clear the receivable against the customer. There is a now a
bill of exchange receivable which is recorded on the customer account and the special G/L account.
Bill of Exchange Usage
If the bill of exchange is used for refinancing and is passed on to a bank, then the bill of exchange usage must be posted.
The bill of exchange liability (liability to recourse) that we now have is recorded on special accounts in the system until it
has expired.
Cancel the Bill of Exchange Liability
Once the due date of the bill of exchange has elapsed, including any country-specific period for the bill of exchange
protest, we can cancel the bill of exchange receivable for our customer and the bill of exchange liability.
Navigation
Acceptance of Bills Of Exchange (F-36)

Simulate the Transaction
Post the transaction .
Bill Discounting (F-33)

Reverse Contingent Liability (F-20)
Enter + in the entry field for which we want to reverse the transaction. And save the transaction.
The journal Entry passed at the acceptance of Bills of Exchange
a) Invoice: FB70
01 Customer Dr 25000 Customer Reconciliation A/c
50 To Revenue 25000
b) Acceptance of Customer F-36

09 W Customer Dr 25000 Bill Of Exchange
15 To Customer 25000 Customer Reconciliation A/c
11 If manually entered.
c) Discounting F-33
40 Bank Inflow Dr 24500
40 Bank Charges Dr 500
50 To Bill Discounting 25000 Normal GL Credit
d) Reverse Contingent Liability F-20

40 Bill Discounting Dr 25000
19 W To Customer 25000 Bill of Exchange
Entries for Bill of Exchange Receivable

Assume we transfer the bill of exchange receivable to our bank for discounting. The bill amount is credited to our bank
account and shown on our bank statement. Given a maturity period of 90 days and a discount rate of 7 %, the bank charges
a discount of USD 199.50. The bank also levies charges of USD 5.00 on we, which it adds to the discount charge, making a
total of USD 204.50.
The following entries arise from this example:

The incoming payment to our bank account is posted. The bank credits our account with USD 11,178.40 only, (USD 11,400
minus the bill of exchange charges). Once the incoming payment has been entered, the system posts the bank charges to
the corresponding expense accounts.
The system automatically posts an offsetting entry to a bank clearing account. This offsetting entry records the bill liability
(liability to recourse) to the bank. If our customer defaults on the bill of exchange when it becomes due, this liability to
recourse is realized and we are liable to pay the bill of exchange amount.
Reversing the Bill Liability
After the bill of exchange becomes due on September 13th and the country-specific bill protest period has elapsed, the bill
of exchange can no longer be protested and we are released from our potential liability. We can now clear the potential bill
liability from our bank clearing account and the bill receivable from the customer account. When we reverse the potential
bill liability, the system automatically posts to the special G/L account "Bills of exchange receivable" and clears the bill
receivable there.
The following entries arise from this example:

We select the bill of exchange, the date of which has elapsed (including any protest period). The system generates a
reverse posting for the bank sub account and for the customer account, and clears the bill of exchange liability from both
accounts.
The system also posts a credit entry for the bill of exchange amount to the customer account and the special G/L account
"Bills of exchange receivable".
Memorandum Entries (Noted Items - (F-49))
We can use the following navigation also.
These can be used for recording Bank Guarantee or any other entries which we don t want to post in the customer Account
and the general ledger A/c. It will be working as single sided entry.
These entries will have no effect on the Financial Books. We use them only for the record purpose and after the purpose is
over we can reverse the same
Create the transaction with the posting key as 09 or 19
And the Special GL Indicator as D
Customer Account Number and Amount is to be filled.
Fill in the Bank Guarantee Due Dates so that on the Maturity Date we can reverse the same.
Fill up the Bank Guarantee Number in the Assignment Field and Details in the Text Field.
This will be single screen entry and simulation is not there as it doesn t affect the finance Books.
Save the Document
For viewing the noted items we have to go to Line Item Display FBL5N - Display/ Change Line Items
Select the Noted Items for viewing only noted Items or select Normal Items and Noted Items for all the items.
We can view the noted Items in the Line item Display here it forms the part of the Customer Balance and effects the
balance of the Customer. If we want to see only Noted Items Click on Noted Items only and we can get the List of noted
Item.
Note : We can get the total listing for the Guarantees Received and Given / Taken.
On the other hand if we see the Customer Ledger Balance it does not incorporate these Noted Items / Memorandum
Entries
Go to FD10N - Display Balances and see the balance
In the Above statement it was showing balance of 108000 INR

And in the Customer Balance it is showing balance of 98,000 INR
Hence it does not affect our financial Books by using Noted Entries.
If we click on cumulative balance we can get the detail line item wise entry without noted items.
In general it appears as the open item as it cannot be matched with any finance transaction. For Removing the Line items
from this statement, on the lapse of the guarantee or the Maturity of the same we have to reverse the document so that
the effect is nullified.
Reversal of Noted Entries (FB08)
As normal documents are reversed we can same way reverse the Noted Entries by using FB08
Provide the Noted Item Document Number, Company Codes, Fiscal Year and Reversal Reason
Save the Document

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Chapter 5

Customer Invoice (FB70)

We can go with the following Navigation Path

Booking Customer Invoices (F-22)

Provide the Narration

Mention the Cheque

Provide the Cheque Mention the Cheque

In the Receipts Transaction we will be using Inflow Bank A/c Code

Clearing Open Line Items in the GL account (F-03)

We can use following Navigation

Customer advance (F-29)

Save the document

Clearing Advance (F-39)

Remove the value in the invoice ref field and click on

Click on blue colour line item

Refund of Advance to Customer (F-31)/(F-18)

Select respective lines and save.

Clear Customer Invoice with Advances ( F-32)

Or we can use following navigation

Exchange rate type M

Maintain the rates as shown above and save

1. Exchange rate type

Realised Gain Loss

Booking Vendor Invoice in Foreign Currency

Making Payment in Foreign Currency

Unrealized Gain Or Loss

Reversing exchange rate difference postings

And valuation area 20 need to use for SL ledger.

Revaluation / Restatement of General Ledger A/c

Posting Procedure for Bills of Exchange Receivable

Payment by Bill of Exchange

Cancel the Bill of Exchange Liability

Acceptance of Bills Of Exchange (F-36)

Bill Discounting (F-33)

b) Acceptance of Customer F-36

d) Reverse Contingent Liability F-20

Entries for Bill of Exchange Receivable

The following entries arise from this example:

The following entries arise from this example:

Memorandum Entries (Noted Items - (F-49))

We can use the following navigation also.

Create the transaction with the posting key as 09 or 19

And the Special GL Indicator as D

Customer Account Number and Amount is to be filled.

Go to FD10N - Display Balances and see the balance

In the Above statement it was showing balance of 108000 INR

Reversal of Noted Entries (FB08)

Save the Document

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