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    1D Elasticity 01 Elastostatics

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    mshebbal2212
    This document summarizes the equations governing one-dimensional elastostatics problems for linearly elastic materials. It presents: 1) The equation of equilibrium, strain-displacement relation, and constitutive equation that relate stress, strain, and displacement for a rod. 2) Combining these gives Navier's equation, a second order differential equation for displacement with two required boundary conditions. 3) Examples of different boundary conditions and an example problem of a rod under a uniform applied stress with the solution for stress, strain, and displacement.

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    1D Elasticity 01 Elastostatics

    Uploaded by

    mshebbal2212
    283 views2 pages
    This document summarizes the equations governing one-dimensional elastostatics problems for linearly elastic materials. It presents: 1) The equation of equilibrium, strain-displacement relation, and constitutive equation that relate stress, strain, and displacement for a rod. 2) Combining these gives Navier's equation, a second order differential equation for displacement with two required boundary conditions. 3) Examples of different boundary conditions and an example problem of a rod under a uniform applied stress with the solution for stress, strain, and displacement.

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    theory of elasticity

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    This document summarizes the equations governing one-dimensional elastostatics problems for linearly elastic materials. It presents: 1) The equation of equilibrium, strain-displacement relation, and constitutive equation that relate stress, strain, and displacement for a rod. 2) Combining these gives Navier's equation, a second order differential equation for displacement with two required boundary conditions. 3) Examples of different boundary conditions and an example problem of a rod under a uniform applied stress with the solution for stress, strain, and displacement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    283 views2 pages

    1D Elasticity 01 Elastostatics

    Uploaded by

    mshebbal2212
    This document summarizes the equations governing one-dimensional elastostatics problems for linearly elastic materials. It presents: 1) The equation of equilibrium, strain-displacement relation, and constitutive equation that relate stress, strain, and displacement for a rod. 2) Combining these gives Navier's equation, a second order differential equation for displacement with two required boundary conditions. 3) Examples of different boundary conditions and an example problem of a rod under a uniform applied stress with the solution for stress, strain, and displacement.

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    You are on page 1of 2

    Section 2.

    2.1 One-dimensional Elastostatics


    Consider a bar or rod made of linearly elastic material subjected to some load. Static
    problems will be considered here, by which is meant it is not necessary to know how the
    load was applied, or how the material particles moved to reach the stressed state; it is
    necessary only that the load was applied slowly enough so that the accelerations are zero,
    or that it was applied sufficiently long ago that any vibrations have died away and
    movement has ceased.
    The equations governing the static response of the rod are:

    d
    +b = 0
    dx
    du
    =
    dx
    = E

    Equation of Equilibrium

    (2.1.1a)

    Strain-Displacement Relation (2.1.1b)


    Constitutive Equation (2.1.1c)

    where E is the Youngs modulus, is the density and b is a body force (per unit
    volume). The unknowns of the problem are the stress , strain and displacement u.
    These equations can be combined to give a second order differential equation in u, called
    Naviers Equation:
    d 2u b
    + =0
    dx 2 E

    1-D Naviers Equation

    (2.1.2)

    One requires two boundary conditions to obtain a solution. Let the length of the rod be
    L and the x axis be positioned as in Fig. 2.1.1. The possible boundary conditions are then
    1. displacement specified at both ends (fixed-fixed)
    u (0) = u 0 , u ( L) = u L
    2. stress specified at both ends (free-free)
    (0) = 0 , ( L) = L
    3. displacement specified at left-end, stress specified at right-end (fixed-free):
    u (0) = u 0 , ( L) = L
    4. stress specified at left-end, displacement specified at right-end (free-fixed):
    (0) = 0 , u ( L) = u L

    L
    Figure 2.1.1: an elastic rod

    Solid Mechanics Part II

    21

    Kelly

    Section 2.1

    Note that, from 2.1.1b-c, a stress boundary condition is a condition on the first derivative
    of u.
    Example

    Consider a rod in the absence of any body forces subjected to an applied stress o , Fig.
    2.1.2.

    o
    Figure 2.1.2: an elastic rod subjected to stress

    The equation to solve is


    d 2u
    =0
    dx 2

    (2.1.3)

    subject to the boundary conditions


    u
    dx

    =
    x =0

    0
    E

    u
    dx

    =
    x=L

    0
    E

    (2.1.4)

    Integrating twice and applying the conditions gives the solution


    u=

    0
    E

    x+B

    (2.1.5)

    The stress is thus a constant 0 and the strain is o / E . There is still an arbitrary
    constant B and this physically represents a possible rigid body translation of the rod. To
    remove this arbitrariness, one must specify the displacement at some point in the rod. For
    example, if u ( L / 2) = 0 , the complete solution is
    u=

    2.1.1

    L
    x , = o , = o
    E
    E
    2

    (2.1.6)

    Problems

    1. What are the displacements of material particles in an elastic bar of length L and
    density which hangs from a ceiling (see Fig. 1.1.2).
    2. Consider a steel rod ( E = 210 GPa , = 7.85 g/cm 3 ) of length 30 cm , fixed at one
    end and subjected to a displacement u = 1mm at the other. Solve for the stress, strain
    and displacement for the case of gravity acting along the rod. What is the solution in
    the absence of gravity. How significant is the effect of gravity on the stress?

    Solid Mechanics Part II

    22

    Kelly

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